U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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(definitions have been obtained from the
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Electronic Products Branch)
Class 353
OPTICS: IMAGE PROJECTORS
Class Definition:
This class provides for projectors not elsewhere classified.
This class includes the projectors for particular types of
objects to be projected; such as maps and aerial photographs,
targets, transparent plates, information data, microscopic
objects, scales and indicators, and stencils or perforated
plates. Various other species and types of projectors are
also included here such as kaleidoscopic, heliostats,
stereoscopic and relief, pointers, gun type, moving images on
screens, episcopes and cabinets including screens.
Various plural and composite types of projectors are included
such as projectors involving plural projected images
including multicolor, projectors for images combined with
real objects, projectors with manual delineation, and plural
projection with a single light source.
Projectors selective at the operators choice are also
included as where the selection is between a slide and a film
strip, between a cabinet and a distant screen, and between
opaque and transparency projection i.e., epidiascope.
Certain combinations and perfecting features are included
such as with vehicles, with sound accompaniment, with editing
or auxiliary viewing, additional illumination of or near
screen, temperature control, distortion compensation,
housings, structurally related projectors and screens, and
lamp control. Included also are improvements in particular
elements of or their relation to the projector, when the
elements are claimed in combination with other projector
structure. These improvements may be in the projector
filters, prisms, shutters, gates, reflectors, lens supports,
condensers, and slide changers.
Certain subcombinations of projectors are included here,
usually where they are peculiar to projectors, such as slide
changers, housings and picture carriers.
Methods of projection are included here. This is usually the
method of operating projection apparatus in a particular
manner.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
PROJECTORS CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE
Class 434, Education and Demonstration, subclasses 180, 314+,
and 324+, provides for projectors with some limitation for
use with teaching. Class 178, Telegraphy, especially subclass
23 for teles:graphic printing which may involve projection.
These may also be considered as projectors combined with
telegraphy apparatus. Class 250, Radiant Energy, subclass 329
has the projection of invisible radiant energy images onto a
fluorescent or phosphorescent screen, subclasses 458.1+ has
the irradiation of fluorescent and phosphorescent devices and
subclasses 483.1+ for fluorescent and phosphorescent devices,
per se. Class 359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication)
and Elements, subclasses 369 and 400 provides for compound
lens systems with viewing screens. Class 351, Optics: Eye
Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting, subclasses 210+ and
237+, for eye examining instruments with chart or target
projection. Class 352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for motion
picture projectors. Class 396, Photography, subclass 430 for
a camera convertible to developed image projectors or viewer.
Class 355, Photocopying, subclasses 18+ for copying cameras
or projecting printers involving projection on a
photos:graphic film for recording the projected image; the
copying background in a patent is sufficient for
classification in Class 355 as opposed to this Class 353.
Class 356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+
provides for configuration comparison involving projection on
a viewing screen. Class 348, subclasses 744+ for television
projection devices.
PROJECTORS COMBINED WITH OTHER STRUCTURE AND CLASSIFIED
ELSEWHERE
Class 33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 1, provides for
image projectors combined with measuring means; subclasses
20.1+ for image projectors in combination with a claimed
scribing or tracing means; and subclasses 501+, for patents
including an image projector and a feeler which contacts an
article to be tested. Class 434, Education and Demonstration,
subclasses 180, 314+, and 324+ provides for an image
projector having mechanism for uncovering an answer or in
combination with an educational device which includes means
by which a student controls or operates the device and
subclass 286 for planetarium projectors. Class 52, Static
Structures (e.g., Buildings), provides for a projector in
combination with a stadium or auditorium. Class 368,
Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses 41+,
82+, and 239+, for clocks including projection of the hands
or dial. Class 116, Signals and Indicators, subclasses 246+
for radio tuning indicators with projectors, Class 177,
Weighing Scales, subclass 178 for projection scales. Class
178, Telegraphy, especially subclasses 23+ for teles:graphic
printing which may include projection. Class 352, Optics:
Motion Pictures, subclass 131 provides for a projector in
combination with a motion picture projector and Class 355,
Photocopying, subclasses 18+ for copying cameras which
contain projection systems. Class 348, subclasses 744+ for
television projection devices.
PROJECTOR SUBCOMBINATION CLASSIFIED ELSEWHERE
Class 206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 456
provides for slide magazine, per se, i.e., with no limitation
for operation in a projector; Class 226, Advancing Material
of Indeterminate Length, especially subclasses 52+ for film
advancing mechanisms; Class 242, Winding, Tensioning, or
Guiding, subclasses 324+ for a device for unwinding and
rewinding a machine convertible information bearing carrier
which may include image film, and subclasses 520+ for a
convolute winding process or machine in general use; Class
362 Illumination, subclasses 257+, for projection lamps which
may be used in projectors; Class 248, Supports, subclasses
637+ for projection machine supports; Class 359, Optics:
Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, subclasses
443+ for projection screens; subclasses 642+ for lenses;
subclasses 838+ for reflectors; and subclasses 885+ for
optical filters.
FACSIMILE, TELEVISION, AND TELEGRAPHIC PRINTING
Exhibitors involving conversion from electrical to optical
form are in Class 348, subclasses 744+ when a television
receiver is claimed in combination with projection structure
(such as lens, filter and reflector combinations) to transmit
the image from a cathode-ray tube to a viewing surface. Class
359 provides for lenses, filters and reflectors set forth as
being for use with a television or in a television cabinet.
This Class 353 provides for combinations or subcombinations
of projectors which employ a concentrated source of light
where the source of light is not a cathode-ray tube. Since
the cathode-ray tube has the image thereon and no
concentrated light is projected through or reflected from
that image, the combination of a cathode-ray tube and a lens,
for example, is not within the Class 353 definition.
Class 178, subclasses 23+ provides for detailed stock tickers
or other Class 178 printers in combination with either a
detailed or a broadly claimed projector. This Class 353, in
subclasses 46+ provides for a detailed projector in
combination with a nominal stock ticker. Class 178, subclass
42 provides for the combination of a nominal printer, a
nominal projector, and a detailed tape-feeding mechanism,
since Class 226 does not provide for this combination. Class
226 does provide for tape-advancing means in combination with
a projector when only one optical element is claimed, or in
combination with a nominal printer; but does not provide for
a combination including a projector and a printer.
PROJECTION LIGHTS
Class 362 in subclasses 257+ provides for light projectors or
subcombinations of image projectors which merely claim
elements such as lights, condensing lenses, filters, screens
for filtering, masks, or reflectors. However, this Class 353
provides for image projectors which include elements such as
a slide guideways, filmgates, objective lenses, viewing
screens, or means to dissolve images.
A light or shadow spot projector for pointing out part of an
image on a viewing screen is classified in this Class 353,
subclass 42 even though other light projectors are in Class
362.
Class 362 includes patents where the mere image of the light
source or its filament is obtained.
OPTICAL ELEMENTS (E.G., LENSES AND SCREENS)
Class 359 includes projection lens systems, lens mounts, lens
supports, and optical elements where no other image projector
structure such as a slide changer shutter, film gate, viewing
screen or light source is recited in the claims.
Class 359, subclasses 443+ also provides for projection
screens, per se, or in combination with lenses. However, when
a projection screen is in combination with an image projector
having a concentrated source of light, classification is in
Class 353.
MOTION PICTURE PROJECTORS
Motion picture image projectors which create an illusion of
motion by employing the persistence of vision of a person are
provided for in Class 352. If there is a recitation in the
claims of "a motion picture projector", "animation
projector", or equivalent terminology; or if structure
definitive of motion picture mechanism is made,
classification is in Class 352. However, the mere motion
picture background is not sufficient to remove subject matter
from Class 353 to Class 352. Patents which set forth the
combination of a still and a motion picture projector are
classified in Class 352, subclass 131; and those patents
which claim devices convertible from still to motion or from
motion to still picture projector are classified in Class
352, subclass 131; and those patents which claim devices
convertible from still to motion or from motion to still
picture projectors are in Class 352, subclasses 136 and 147.
Class 352, subclasses 1+ provides for motion picture
projectors accompanied by sound where the "motion" is either
claimed or disclosed.
SLIDE EXHIBITORS AND SLIDES
Class 40, subclasses 701+ provides for slides and slide
mounts where no particular image or optical relationships are
recited. However, this Class 353, subclass 120 includes
slides where there is a relationship of the images thereon,
or where the slide has both a visual and a sound record.
Slide changers disclosed as being useful with a mere viewer
are in Class 40, while slide changers disclosed for use with
image projectors or for either viewers or image projectors
are in this Class 353.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 1, for image projectors
combined with measuring means; subclasses 20.1+ for image
projectors in combination with a claimed scribing or tracing
means; and subclasses 501+, for patents including an image
projector and a feeler which contacts an article to be
tested.
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), for a projector in
combination with a stadium or auditorium.
177, Weighing Scales, subclass 178, for the combination of a
projector with a significantly claimed weighing scale.
178, Telegraphy, subclass 42 for a projector, film feeding
means and a stock ticker in combination.
206, Special Receptacle or Package subclass 456 for a photo
slide magazine, per se, where no relationship or means for
connecting to a projector is claimed.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, especially
subclasses 52+ for film advancing means in a projector
where no more than one optical element is claimed and where
no detailed optics is recited.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 324+ for a
device for unwinding and rewinding a machine convertible
information bearing carrier which includes image film, and
subclasses 520+ for a convolute winding process or machine in
general use.
248, Supports, subclasses 637+, for projector supports where
no optical limitations are set forth.
250, Radiant Energy, subclasses 330+ for methods and
apparatus to convert infrared radiation into a visible image,
subclass 361 for invisible radiant-energy-responsive electric
signalling devices which include a luminescent device
responsive to the radiant energy, subclasses 458.1+ for
methods and apparatus for irradiating fluorescent and
phosphorescent devices and subclasses 483.1+ for fluorescent
and phosphorescent devices, per se.
348, Television, subclasses 744+ for a television means in
combination with projection means.
351, Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting,
subclasses 210+ and 237+ for chart or target projection
devices employed for examining and testing eyes.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for motion picture projectors.
355, Photocopying, subclasses 18+ for copying cameras and
projection printers.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+ for
measuring and testing patents which involve image projection
where an article is compared to a scale or where an article
is compared to a standard by superimposing the two or by
viewing the two concurrently when they or their images are
immediately adjacent each other.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses
41+, 82+, and 239+ for a projector in combination with a
clock where more than the mere hands and face of the clock is
claimed.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses
100+ for means to optically record or reproduce sound.
396, Photography, subclass 430 for a camera convertible to
developed image projectors or viewer.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image
formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, subclasses 177+ for
exposure, subclasses 222+ for development, subclasses 297+
for transfer, subclasses 320+ for fixing, subclasses 343+ for
cleaning, and subclasses 361+ for document handling.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate
subclasses, for a stock-material product in the form of a
single or plural layer web or sheet, and which may be useful
as a projection screen, but with no optical limitations; and
especially subclasses 143+ for such a stock-material
product comprising embedded particulate matter (e.g., glass)
which acts to diffuse or reflect light.
434, Education and Demonstration, subclass 180, 314+, and
324+ for an image projector having mechanism for uncovering
an answer or in combination with an educational device which
includes means by which a student controls or operates the
device and subclass 286 for planetarium projectors.
GLOSSARY:
CONCENTRATED LIGHT SOURCE
The source of illumination for the projector. It may be
either a projection lamp or a lens and mirror system
utilizing sunlight.
CONDENSING LENS
A lens which parallels the light from the light source for
uniform distribution over the object to be projected and
makes the light impinge on the object at right angles to the
plane of the object.
FILM STRIP
An indeterminate length of film having a plurality of images
thereon.
IMAGE
The optical counterpart of an object produced by a lens or
other optical system. In an image projection system an image
of an object is formed on a screen or other viewing surface.
A photos:graphic camera forms an image of an object on a
photosensitive film. After the film is developed, a picture
of the original object appears on the film. A picture of this
type is generally employed as the object in image
projectors.
LIGHT PARALLELING STRUCTURE
Optical elements for directing the light from the
concentrated light source so that it impinges on the object
perpendicular to the plane of the object and uniformly
illuminates the object to be projected.
OBJECT
The object is the subject, the image of which is to be
projected (see definition of image).
OBJECT HOLDER
Structure for holding the object in the projecting position,
as well as for moving the object in and out of such position.
Examples are slide transfer mechanisms and film holders.
PROJECTION OBJECTIVE OR PROJECTION LENS SYSTEMS
Forms an image of the object on the viewing surface, and is
located between the object and viewing surface.
PROJECTOR OR STEREOPTICON
A device for projecting an image of an object by passing
light through or around the object or reflecting light from
the object on a viewing screen for the purpose of more
conveniently viewing the image of the object. The image is
usually enlarged or reduced in size with reference to the
object; and the image is also usually in a more convenient
position for viewing or recording. Since projection is a
common property of lenses and mirrors, the projectors in this
class involve some structure for facilitating or enhancing
the projection over what incidentally occurs in these optical
elements. A projector generally includes (1) a concentrated
light source from either an artificially or natural
emanation, (2) a light paralleling element (e.g., condensing
lens), (3) a holding or positioning device for the object to
be projected, (4) a projection objective or projection lens
system comprising one or more optical elements for directing
the light after it passes through or is reflected from the
object to form an image, and (5) a screen for receiving the
image and making the image formed by this light available for
use. The projectors in this class utilize natural or
artificial (usually) light within the visible spectrum. The
object to be projected is usually planar in natural with the
plane extending transverse to the direction of projection,
and may be transparent (e.g., slide or transparency) or
reflective (e.g., opaque sheet). The projection may be
limited to the outline of an opaque object such as a shadow,
and in this case the object need not be planar. The term
projector as used in this class designates the above
structure either with or without the screen. In operation the
object is positioned outside one focal plane of the
projection lens system and the image is formed on a viewing
surface outside the opposite focal plane of the projection
lens system. The closer the object is to the one focal plane
the farther the image will be from the other focal plane, and
the bigger the image will be. In the projector the relative
positioning of the object is usually obtained by moving the
projection lens system and adjusting its focal length rather
than by changing the position of the object. As indicated in
FACSIMILE, TELEVISION, AND TELEGRAPHIC PRINTING, above, the
projectors including or adapted for use with recording
surfaces are classified elsewhere.
SCREEN
This is a planar (usually) light diffusing surface positioned
with its plane surface substantially transverse to the
projector light for presenting the image in viewable form.
SLIDE
A piece of transparent film having a single image thereon,
and also having a frame or two glass plates to help keep the
piece of film from bending.
STEREOPTICON
See Projector.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a plurality of reflecting surfaces so
arranged in the optical path that images of objects viewed as
multiple images of the objects arranged in a symmetrical
pattern and relative motion between the objects and the
reflecting surfaces or between the reflecting surfaces and
observer changes the patterns.
(1) Note. The reflecting surfaces are usually elongated and
at an angle to each other which forms a V-shaped trough when
two mirrors are employed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 616+ for a kaleidoscope where a pattern is
merely viewed. See (2) Note to Class 359, subclass 616.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
including a chamber of loosely assorted objects, usually of
irregular shapes, transparent and varicolored, which may be
tumbled over each other by rotation of the chamber or moved
in other ways to give ever-changing visual effects.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 617 for similar kaleidoscope structure where the
pattern is viewed without use of an image projector.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein solar light is employed to project an image
and comprising essentially a reflector and mechanism for
causing it to follow the apparent movement of the sun so as
to keep the direction of the reflected light constant and
appropriate for projecting the image.
(1) Note. This subclass provides for subcombinations of a
Heliostat not provided for elsewhere.
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein an object to be projected is moved to and from
the projection position by convection currents of air which
usually move a fan which in turn moves the object.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projection system is especially adapted to
project an image (usually an aerial photograph of the
terrain) on a surface for making a map, or to compensate for
the orientation of the camera which produced the aerial
photograph being projected, or to align or superimpose parts
of such aerial photographs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for projection of a map or projection of a target or spot
light on a map.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 1 for similar subject
matter combined with measuring means and subclasses 20.1+ for
similar subject matter combined with a claimed scribing or
tracing means.
250, Radiant Energy, for similar subject matter employing
photocells.
348, Television, subclasses 144+ for television systems in
which images of maps may be projected to effect a comparison
of the maps.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+ for
projecting images of maps to compare them.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Subject matter
wherein the projected pictures were taken from different
points of view and have separate perspectives corresponding
to the perspective offered by the right and left eyes of a
viewer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
348, Television, subclasses 42+ for stereoscopic television
systems.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 2 for structure
responsive to two stereoscopic images and furnishing a
contour plot of the earth based on the distinctions of the
images.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 470 for similar subject matter where the pictures
are merely viewed and no image is projected on a screen.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter where the projection system is adapted to project
pairs of individual picture elements having separate
perspectives corresponding to the perspective offered by the
right and left eyes of a viewer.
(1) Note. The individual picture elements are taken from two
different points of view and each eye of the viewer receives
only the information obtained from one point of view when
viewing the projected images on a screen.
(2) Note. This subclass also provides for attachments which
convert a conventional still projector to a stereoscopic
projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for projection systems for creating an illusion of three
dimensional views without employing separate left-right
images.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 57+ for
stereoscopic motion pictures devices.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 462+ for stereoscopic viewers.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, subclasses 41+
for stereoscopic X-ray devices.
396, Photography, subclasses 324+ for stereoscopic still
cameras.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including light polarizing material in at least one light
path for allowing light of a certain polarization to pass
therethrough and blocking certain other light.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter
including mechanism for moving stereoscopic slides into the
projection path; or portions of this mechanism such as a
slide changer which moves slides from a magazine into the
projection path and back to the magazine or a magazine which
moves to position individual slides next to the slide
changer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 103+ for projector slide transfer mechanism
generally.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projection system is adapted to provide an
illusion of depth from a single projected image obtained from
only one point of view.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for stereoscopic projectors employing pictures taken from
two perspectives corresponding to right and left eye views of
the observer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 86 for motion picture
devices giving relief illusion.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 478+ for viewers which give an illusion of
depth.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projector is especially adapted to project
an image of a map or navigation chart; an image of a target
onto a map or chart; or a target which represents a vehicle
such as an aircraft onto a screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 for a pointer which denotes a certain part of a
projected image.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 178, for navigation
instruments.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 988+ for
electrical means in combination with a projector for plotting
a vehicle's position.
434, Education and Demonstration, subclass 44 and 69+ for
similar structure where training mechanism is claimed which
the student controls, adjusts or handles to help train him.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
wherein the projector is in combination with a mobile carrier
such as a ship, automobile, or airplane; or in which the
projector is adapted to be employed in a vehicle.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter in which the projector is in combination with a mobile
carrier, such as a ship, automobile, or airplane; or in which
the projector includes structure which significantly adapts
the projector for operation in a vehicle.
(1) Note. To be termed a vehicle for purposes of
classification in this subclass (13) the vehicle must be for
some purpose other than to merely transport the projector
such as a cabinet projector on rollers. Such cabinet
projectors are elsewhere (see Search This Class, subclass
below).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12 for a projector for maps or navigation in combination
with a vehicle.
subclasses 30+ for cabinet projectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 132 for a motion
picture projector in combination with a vehicle.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter
wherein the image projected is of the face of an instrument
which informs the driver about a condition or position of the
vehicle such as a speedometer or compass.
(1) Note. Where details of the instrument are claimed,
classification is in the class having the given instrument.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the image projector is synchronized or
otherwise combined with a means to reproduce sounds, such as
music or speech, and which sounds bear a relationship to the
projected pictures.
(1) Note. The Optics: Motion Pictures, class provides for
motion picture projectors accompanied by sound where the
"motion" is either claimed or disclosed (see Search Class
note below). This Class (353) provides for sound accompanied
slide or still picture projectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 455+ for
a changeable exhibitor with sound accompaniment.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 1+ for a
sound-accompanied motion picture projector. See (1) Note
above.
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,
subclasses 1+ and 80 for magnetic recorders or reproducers
combined with nominal projector apparatus.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclass 70
for control by a sound-conversion device of a nominally
claimed image projector.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the sound accompaniment is an instrument for
reproducing sounds by means of the vibration of a stylus or
needle following a spiral groove on a revolving circular disc
or cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 455 for a
changeable exhibitor in combination with a phonograph.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
including a housing having a handle for carrying the enclosed
projector and phonograph.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 72+ for a common housing from which the
projector or viewing screen is removable.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 34+ for a
sound-accompanied motion picture housing.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter
including a cabinet which encases the projector and part of
the viewing screen and usually also encases the phonograph;
and which excludes outside light from the projection path to
form a unitary device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
74 and see the search notes thereunder for cabinet-type
projectors which do not have sound accompaniment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 34+ for a
sound-motion picture housing.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Subject matter
wherein the picture to be projected and the audio record are
both on the same film strip or slide or where both are
mounted in a common frame.
(1) Note. This subclass 19 provides for an image projector
and sound reproducer in combination which employs a common
picture and sound record carrier. Subclass 120, below,
provides for the common carrier, per se.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a polarizing element or interference filter
in the optical path to modify the light in said path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 483+ for polarizers, per se, and subclasses 577+
for interference filters, per se.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projector is particularly designed so that
the pictures to be projected may be directly inspected for
faults or arranged in a particular position or sequence; or
where the projector has auxiliary means so that the pictures
may be previewed before projection or may be viewed on an
auxiliary screen during projection on the main screen.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, appropriate subclasses for
similar structure employed to edit or preview motion-picture
film.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, for testing film for
flaws.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a transparent plate having parallel flat
surfaces in the optical path through which the projecting
light beam passes.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Subject matter
wherein the transparent plate is an essential part of the
gate to position a film strip in the focal plane of the
projector.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 221+ for a
motion-picture projector having a film gate.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter
in combination with means to position a lens in the
projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 for a projector having a film gate, which does not have a
transparent plate, and a lens support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 231 for a
motion-picture film gate in combination with a lens mount.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein a desired one of a plurality of individual
units of information may selectively be moved into the
optical path for projection from a stored or nonprojectable
position either by positioning the unit in the optical path
or by moving the optical path to the individual unit.
(1) Note. The subject matter here (subclasses 25, 26, 28)
involves the selection of any one of the units from the group
without regard to any sequential arrangement of the units as
is provided for in the subclasses below.
(2) Note. The data or information projected here is a record
such as an account or real estate register rather than a mere
picture to be viewed for enjoyment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
355, Photocopying, subclasses 40+ for selecting the data to
be copied by a projection printer.
365, Static Information Storage and Retrieval, subclass
185.01 for floating gate memory storage (e.g. flash memory),
subclass 120 for the storage and retrieval of information
which has inherent means for reading information into and out
of the storage system.
382, Image Analysis, subclasses 181+ for
character-recognition systems.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image
formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, subclasses 177+ for
exposure, subclasses 222+ for development, subclasses 297+
for transfer, subclasses 320+ for fixing, subclasses 343+ for
cleaning, and subclasses 361+ for document handling.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein the data is stored on a strip of film of
indeterminate length which usually is supported on a pair of
reels which are rotated to bring selected portions of the
data into position for projection.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Subject matter
wherein the data is stored in numerous individual areas which
are arranged in a plurality of rows or columns on a
rectangular sheet of microfilm which is in a flat condition
during projection; the optical path and microcard usually
being relatively movable to select the individual area to be
projected by alignment with the optical path which may
include moving a mask to block light from going through the
undesired data.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projected image is combined with a real
object so that the two may be viewed simultaneously.
(1) Note. The real object may be a person or a sign or
screen having indicia thereon. However, a mere sign or screen
without inherent indicia is not considered a real object for
the purpose of this definition since it would add nothing
informative to the viewed scene.
(2) Note. This subclass provides only for apparatus which
produces a scene including a real object and a projected
image; if the real object also is projected, classification
is in subclasses 30+ below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 30+ for the combination of a plurality of
projected images. See (2) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 48+ for methods
involving motion pictures and scenery and staging effects,
and subclasses 88+ for sets.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+ for a
projected image in combination with a real object for the
purpose of measuring or comparing the two.
472, Amusement Devices, particularly subclass 61 for a
projected image in combination with a stage which includes a
real object and subclasses 75+ for a stage apparatus or
setting appropriate therefor.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector for projecting an image on a
surface and also means to illuminate the periphery of that
surface to form a lighted border or means to direct
additional illumination on the surface for the purpose of
improved contrast, picture definition, brilliancy or
tinting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 84+ for a color filter in the optical path which
projects the image.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 541+ for
illuminated signs, especially subclasses 546+ for edge
illuminated.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for a motion picture projector
with additional means to illuminate the projected image.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 450 for a viewing screen having a lighted border.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including at least one image projector to project a
plurality of images on a screen in superimposed or in mosaic
relationship so that the images each contribute a part of the
composite image.
(1) Note. One of the images may merely be projected on the
screen at intervals while the other is steadily projected.
However, if one image is faded in while the other is faded
out with no cooperation of the images, classification is not
here but in one of subclasses 83, 86, 90 or 93, below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for a device to project an image in combination with a
real object.
29 for means to project an image in combination with means
to project a mere white or colored light.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 46, 47, 70+, 97, 131+,
and 133+ for motion picture devices for composite pictures or
images.
355, Photocopying, subclasses 40+ for projection printing a
composite image.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+ for
plural projected images on a screen for comparison or
measuring purposes.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses
82+, and 239+ for means to project a clock face in
combination with an advertisement.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 168+ for charging,
and subclasses 177+ for exposure.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
including means to project a composite image from a set of
pictures, each picture corresponding to a particular color
which is different from the color of the other pictures of
the set.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 7+ for a stereoscopic projector employing a set
of pictures, each picture having been photographed in a
different color.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 66+ for a color
motion-picture device.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter
wherein the projector is adapted for projecting images from
lenticular film and usually includes a multizone color
filter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
120 for a film strip, per se.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Subject matter
including a prism, usually for directing light to the
respective pictures or for combining light which has come
through the respective pictures.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a projector having a prism.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
including a single lamp and two or more optical paths and
means to simultaneously direct light from the lamp to the
optical paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for plural projection paths and a single light source in
a projector for moving the image on a viewing screen.
subclasses 63+ for an epidiascope projector having plural
optical paths and a single light source.
82 for similar structure where the light is usually directed
alternately to two optical paths.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein a plurality of slides or film strips are aligned in
the optical path of the projector so that light passes
sequentially through more than one of them to form a
composite image on a viewing screen.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 97 for a
motion-picture projector for superposed film strips.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
wherein a plurality of numbers or letters are individually
projected adjacent each other on a viewing screen to form a
meaningful image or where indicia is projected adjacent or
upon a scene on the viewing screen, usually for the purpose
of advertising.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter
including a mirror or reflecting prism positioned between the
light source and the viewing screen to direct light along the
optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 for a composite projector for multicolor pictures which
includes a prism.
67 for a cabinet-type projector for projecting an image of
an opaque object, wherein the projector includes a
reflector.
72 for a projector and a screen in a housing which is open
during projection wherein the housing includes a reflector.
77 for a cabinet-type projector having a reflector.
81 for a projector with a prism.
98 for a projector with a reflector.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a transparent structure having a plurality
of discrete surfaces, such as lenticles or facets, which
extends across the optical path for modifying the light which
passes therethrough.
(1) Note. This subclass 38 provides for a diffusing element,
such as a glass plate having a ground-glass surface for
softening the projected image, in the optical path of the
projector.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a lens system (usually of the compound type)
which provides great magnification of the projected image of
microscopical objects.
(1) Note. Said lens system may be in a common microscope
which is in combination with means to project an image on a
viewing screen to form a projection microscope or the
microscope and projection structure may be built as a unit to
form a microprojector.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 237.1 for
similar structure employed to detect flaws in a material or
article and subclasses 391+ for similar structure where the
image is compared to a standard.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 362+ for compound lens systems generally.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a scale or scale indicator together with
optical elements arranged to project an image of the scale or
scale indicator.
(1) Note. The broad recitation of the scale or indicator
actuator does not preclude classification here. However,
where the scale actuator is claimed in detail classification
is with the art to which the actuator relates. Examples of
such are in the Search Notes below. Where the scale is
projected in conjunction with the object to be measured,
projected or not, classification is in Class 356 Optics:
Measuring and Testing, subclasses 391+. The combined
recitation of the scale and indicator broadly does not
preclude classification here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 for projection of a speedometer or compass face.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 348 for a compass, a
level or a plumb having an optical viewer associated with the
indicator thereof.
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 293, for a liquid-level
gage in combination with a projector.
81, Tools; 82, Turning; 83, Cutting and 409 Gear Cutting,
Milling, or Planing, for scale projection combined with
machine tools.
116, Signals and Indicators, subclasses 246+ for a
radio-tuning indicator and projection means in combination.
177, Weighing Scales, subclass 178, for a projector in
combination with a weighing scale.
340, Communications: Electrical, for an electrical-signal
device as there defined combined with means to project an
image of the signal.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, for scale projection
combined with an optical test as there defined.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 436+ for scale reading with the aid of an
optical element or system where there is no image
projection.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclasses
41+, 82+, and 239+ for the combination of a clock and
projector.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
16, for scale projection combined with that type machine
tool.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Subject matter
including more than one scale, such as in a vernier or
micrometer for making fine or exact measurements.
(1) Note. One of the scales may give the general reading
while the other gives a finer or decimal reading or the two
scales may slide side-to-side and the reading be where scale
lines from the two respective scales intersect. Only one of
the plural scales need be projected.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projector includes an optical or
mechanical pointer for indicating to the observer particular
parts of a projected image on a projection screen, or
light-spot pointers, per se.
(1) Note. Generally light projectors for mere illumination
are classified elsewhere (see Search Class note below).
However, in the case of a light-spot pointer, the device, per
se, is classified here even though it is not combined with an
image projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for means to project a spot of light representing a
target such as a ship or aircraft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, subclasses 257+ for mere light
projectors. See (1) Note above.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector housing shaped like a pistol,
gun or flashlight or such projector or other projector which
uses a dry-cell battery for a power source.
(1) Note. A conventional flashlight may be attached to other
structure to make a complete projector.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 95 for gun-type
motion-picture devices.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projector is constructed to permit a
person to write or draw simultaneously on a surface while an
image of that writing or drawing is projected from the
surface on a viewing screen; or including means such as
tracing paper on which an image is projected while a person
simultaneously makes a record corresponding to the image by
tracing the image with a pencil or the like.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for simultaneous projecting and pointing out part of the
projected image.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 447 for a projection screen with means to trace an
image.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Subject matter
wherein the writing which is projected is the score of a game
such as bowling.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector adapted to project an image
which moves on or across the viewing screen.
(1) Note. Usually the object is on a moving tape as in a
combined-stock ticker tape and projector.
(2) Note. Subclasses 46+ takes a detailed projector in
combination with a nominal stock ticker. The Telegraphy class
takes the combination of a detailed stock ticker or other
printer in combination with either a detailed or a broadly
claimed projector. Class 178, subclass 42 takes the
combination of a nominal printer, a nominal projector and a
detailed tape-feeding means since Class 226 does not provide
for the combination. Class 226 provides for tape-advancing
means in combination with a projector when only one optical
element is claimed, or in combination with a nominal printer
but does not provide for a combination including a projector
and a printer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for a projector where the image is moved by rising, heated
air.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclasses 23+ for the combination of a
detailed stock ticker or other Class 178 printer in
combination with either a detailed or a broadly claimed
projector; also see subclass 42 for a stock ticker in
combination with a projector. See (2) Note above.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, for means to
pull a tape where only a single optical element such as a
film gate or lens is claimed. See (2) Note above.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter
including a cabinet which encases the projector and part of
the viewing screen and which excludes outside light from the
projection path to form a unitary device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 71, and 74, for other cabinet-type projectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 104 for a
cabinet-type motion-picture projector.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter
including a plurality of projectors as there defined or two
or more optical paths for projecting onto separate viewing
screens or separated areas on a viewing screen.
(1) Note. Subclasses 30+ above has plural projectors for
projecting to form a composite image on a common viewing
screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 30+ 89+ and 94, for plural projectors or
projection paths.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Subject matter
including only one lamp for the two or more optical paths and
means to direct light from the lamp to the optical paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 63+ and 82, for other projectors having a single light
source and a plurality of optical paths.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for plural motion-picture
projectors having a single light source.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter
including a mirror or reflecting prism positioned between the
light source and the viewing screen to direct light along the
optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 72, 77, 81, and 98, for other projectors having a
reflector in the optical path.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 50. Subject matter
including a plurality of reflectors as there defined.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 78, 81, and 99, for projectors having plural reflectors in
the optical path.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means to heat, cool, reduce the rise in
temperature, or ventilate all or part of the projection
system or the picture to be projected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for slide changing by rising heated air.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 143+ and 202 for
fire preventing, ventilating and cooling a motion-picture
projector.
355, Photocopying, subclass 30 for a projector printer
having temperature control.
362, Illumination, subclass 293 for such structure having a
heat filter and subclass 294 for light-projection structure
having ventilating and cooling means. See the note to Class
362 below the class definitions to this Class 353.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics and
subclasses 38+ for controls.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
including means to conduct heat or direct heated air to a
film-slide magazine or to a film strip to heat the film
before projection to prevent unequal expansion of the film
(known as "popping") and thus prevent distortion of the
projected image.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
including a liquid, usually water, in or near the projection
path which absorbs heat energy thus reducing the amount of
heat transmitted to the film or other object to be
projected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 358 for liquid in an optical element or system
which affects infrared radiation.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
including a sheet of material in the optical path which at
least partially separates the heat or infrared energy from
the visible-light energy; by absorbing the heat energy, by
reflecting the heat energy and transmitting the visible
light, or by transmitting the heat energy while reflecting
the visible light toward the object to be projected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 148 for a heat filter
in a motion-picture projector.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 350+ for heat filters generally.
362, Illumination, subclass 293 for a light projector having
a heat filter.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
including a low heat-transmitting shield, liner, or partition
which absorbs or reflects heat and stops heat from reaching
particular parts of the projector; a mask having an aperture
in the optical path which blocks part of the heat and light
rays; a mask which alternately blocks the optical path for
the purpose of reducing the heat energy reaching the object;
or nonheat-conducting material employed in constructing the
projector to reduce the transfer of heat to particular
projector parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 88+ for shutters which are not set forth as
being for the purpose of blocking heat energy but which would
in fact do so.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter
including a fan or rotor and means to rotate the fan or rotor
to move cooler air into the projector and to move warmer air
out of the projector to cool the parts of the projector.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 202 for a
motion-picture projector light source with ventilating and
cooling, and subclasses 146+ for film cooling.
362, Illumination, subclass 294 for a light projector or a
subcombination of an image projector with no image-projecting
structure including ventilating or cooling means. See also,
section VII of the Class Definitions of this Class 353.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter
wherein the projector includes a plurality of fans or rotors
which force air through parts of the projector.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter
wherein the motor which rotates the blower is operatively
connected with the slide-transferring mechanism to provide
the force which moves the slides.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter
wherein the air is particularly forced against and moves
substantially perpendicular to the front or back side of an
object to be projected to hold the object in place during
projection or to merely cool the object.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 146 for similar
structure in a motion- picture projector.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter
including special passages or deflectors to direct air to
certain parts of the projector for cooling thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 for means to direct air to a flat side of the object
being projected.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein the projector is particularly adapted to
project an image of an opaque stencil or opaque plate which
is perforated so as to form a particular message or design on
a viewing screen or on a cloud in the sky.
(1) Note. The projectors in this subclass direct light on
the far side or side of the opaque object opposite the
viewing screen or cloud as in transparency projector. In the
opaque projectors in subclasses 63+ and 65+ below light is
projected onto and reflected from the near side or side of
the object nearer the viewing screen.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector which selectively projects an
image from an opaque object by light reflection therefrom or
alternatively projects an image from a transparency by
directing light therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for a projector which projects the image of a stencil or
perforated object by projecting light from the far side of
the object to produce a profile or silhouette on a viewing
screen.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Subject matter
including a plurality of mirrors or reflecting prisms
positioned between the light source and the viewing screen to
direct light along or toward the optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 78 and 99, for a projector with plural reflectors.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means to project the image of an opaque
object by reflecting light from the object rather than
projecting light through a slide or film as in a transparency
projector.
(1) Note. The object may be a page of a book, a
three-dimensional object or other generally-opaque object.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for a projector which projects the image of a stencil or
perforated object by projecting light from the far side of
the object to produce a profile or silhouette on a viewing
screen.
subclasses 63+ for a projector which may selectively be
employed to project an opaque or transparent object.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Subject matter
including a mirror or reflecting prism positioned between the
light source and the viewing screen to direct light along the
optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
98 for a projector having a reflector.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Subject matter
including a cabinet which encases the projector and part of
the viewing screen and which excludes outside light from the
projection path to form a unitary device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 77+ for a cabinet-type projector having a
reflector.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector which is particularly adapted to
selectively project an image to a viewing screen from a slide
or from a film strip.
(1) Note. These devices usually have means to adjust a
projection gate for either slides or strip film or have two
such gates in sequence and means to focus on either one or
the other.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a rectifying element in the optical path, or
means to adjust an element in the optical path to offset the
undesired effects of abnormalities of the film or slides or
undesired effects of the screen and projector alignment.
(1) Note. This subclass 69 has means to compensate for
warped film or for film or slides of different size,
thickness or density so that an undistorted image of the
object on the film will be focused on the viewing screen;
while indented subclass 70 has means to compensate for the
projection axis being inclined to the viewing screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 and 101, for a projector with focusing means.
104 for a slide changer adapted to transfer slides of
various dimensions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 140 for
motion-picture projectors with focus control.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter
including means to eliminate the keystone effect or other
distortion when the projector is above the viewing screen, as
in most theaters, or when the projection axis is oblique to
the screen or some other purpose.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 105+ for an
optical rectifier-type motion-picture device.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 668+ for an anamorphoser which may be used to
correct for distortion.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a cabinet which encases a projector and part
of a viewing screen, wherein the projector may be employed to
project an image on said viewing screen or wherein the
projector may be employed alternatively to project an image
on a distant, detached viewing screen.
(1) Note. The screen in the cabinet may be removed and the
projector focused on the distant screen or a reflector may be
moved into or out of the optical path so that the projected
rays bypass the screen in the cabinet and form an image on
the distant screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for a projector or screen removable from a common
housing.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a projector and a screen in a common housing
wherein the housing is opened and the projector or screen is
at least partially removed when projecting the image on the
screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for similar structure which additionally houses a
phonograph.
71 for a cabinet projector which may selectively be employed
to project on a distant detached screen as well as on the
cabinet screen.
74 for a cabinet-type projector where the projector and one
side of the screen remain enclosed in the cabinet during
use.
79 for a projector structurally related to a viewing
screen.
119 for a housing for a projector only.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 10.1 for a
cabinet for a projector where an optical part of the device
is only nominally claimed. A patent which claims a projector
and a screen or a plurality of optical elements is in this
Class 353.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Subject matter
including two or more mirrors or reflecting prisms in the
optical path between the lamp and the viewing screen during
use.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for plural reflectors in a cabinet-type projector.
99 for a projector having a plurality of reflectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 850+ for plural mirrors, per se.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a cabinet which encases the projector and
part of the viewing screen and which excludes outside light
from the projection path to form a unitary device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for a cabinet-type projector with sound accompaniment.
47 for a cabinet-type projector where the image moves on the
screen.
67 for a cabinet-type projector for projecting an image of
an opaque object.
71 for a cabinet-type projector which may selectively be
employed to project on a distant detached screen as well as
on the cabinet screen.
72 for a projector and a viewing screen in a casing which is
opened to remove the projector or screen for use.
79 for a projector structurally related to a screen.
119 for a projector with its housing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 10.1 for a
cabinet for a projector where an optical part of the device
is only nominally claimed. A patent which claims a projector
and a screen or a plurality of optical elements is in this
Class 353.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for a cabinet-type motion
picture projector.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
including opaque or translucent light-limiting means such as
a diaphragm, hood, curtain, aperture plate, framing plate,
light baffle or shield.
(1) Note. The light-limiting or controlling means may be
positioned either in the light path to block a portion of the
light from the lamps or may be positioned near the light path
to reduce undesired light to or from the light path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 for projectors having opaque or translucent
light-limiting means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 738+ for a lens in combination with a diaphragm
or mask of general utility and subclasses 227+ for light
control by an opaque element or medium movable in or through
a light path.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
including adjustable structure to focus the image of the
object on the screen or to increase or decrease the size of
the image relative to the size of the object.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for changing focus for warped film or varying size,
thickness or density of slides or film.
101 for lenses which are adjustable for forming or varying
the magnification.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 140, for
motion-picture devices with focus control.
355, Photocopying, subclasses 55+ for a projection printer
having focus or magnification control.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 813+, 821, 823+, 827+, and 694+ for adjustable
lens supports or mounts.
396, Photography, subclasses 89+ for cameras having
focusing means.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image
formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, subclasses 177+ for
exposure, and subclasses 222+ for development.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
including a mirror or reflecting prism positioned between the
light source and the viewing screen to direct light along the
optical path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for a cabinet-type projector for projecting an image of
an opaque object, wherein the projector includes a
reflector.
72 for a projector and a screen in a housing which is open
during projection wherein the housing includes a reflector.
81 for a projector with a prism.
98 for a projector with a reflector.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter
including a plurality of reflectors as there defined, which
usually direct the light to form a folded light path inside
the cabinet.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 for a projector and a screen in a housing which is open
during projection wherein the housing includes plural
reflectors.
81 for a projector having a reflecting prism and a mirror.
99 for a projector with plural mirrors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 850+ for plural mirrors, per se.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter where the projector is connected to a viewing screen
by physical means such as mechanical linkage to space the
screen from the projector or electrical wiring to control
movement of the screen from the position of the projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for the combination of a projector and viewing screen
with a casing which opens to expose the projector or screen
during use.
74 for the combination of a projector and a viewing screen
enclosed by a cabinet.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
wherein a shadow image of an article is projected on the
viewing screen.
(1) Note. In this subclass the structure relating the
projector and viewing screen may be parts of a machine tool.
However, where specific structure of the machine tool is
claimed, classification elsewhere, depending on the type of
machine tool, see the Search Class Notes below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for devices which project a shadow image of a stencil or
perforated plate.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools. See (1) Note above.
82, Turning. See (1) Note above.
83, Cutting. See (1) Note above.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, for devices which are
used to compare a profile with a standard.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
16, for profile projectors in combination with machine tools.
See (1) Note above.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing. See (1) Note above.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a prism in the optical path to reflect or
refract the light rays of the path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 and 36, for a projector for producing a composite image
which includes a prism, especially subclass 33 for a
composite projector for multicolor pictures which includes a
prism.
70 for a prism employed to correct for keystone effects.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclass 669 for a lens in combination with a prism
anomorphoser and subclasses 831+ for prisms, per se.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a single lamp and two or more optical paths
and means to direct light from the lamp to the optical paths,
usually alternately.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for a projector having plural optical paths and a single
light source where the two paths are employed simultaneously
to obtain a composite image.
49 for plural projection paths and a single light source in
a projector for moving the image on a viewing screen.
63 for an epidiascope projector having plural optical paths
and a single light source.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for plural motion-picture
projectors having a single light source.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
including means to fade in a picture in one projection path
or to fade out the picture in the other projection path,
usually by means of a shutter or by gradually shifting the
lamp from one projection path to the other.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means in the optical path to block or absorb
particular wavelengths of light.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 7+ for stereoscopic projectors having color
filters.
29 for an image projector plus additional means to direct
light, which may be colored, on or near the projected image.
subclasses 31+ for multicolor-picture projectors.
32 for a projector for lenticular film having a color
filter.
55 for a projector having a heat filter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 42 for a method of
motion-picture projecting including employment of a color
filter.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 885+ for filters, per se.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means to switch the lamp off and on or to
otherwise modify the illumination intensity or means to
adjustably position the lamp relative to other parts of the
projector.
(1) Note. The projection light sources as here classified
include a light source together with some picture-projector
structure such as a slide changer or film gate. See Search
Class note for illumination generally or where the picture
projector is only nominally claimed.
(2) Note. Shutters or screens which merely block the light
are provided for in subclass 88 below and are not in this
subclass 85.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for a battery-operated projector.
82 for a projector having a single light source and plural
projection paths and which projector may have means to
control its light source.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 541+ for
illuminated signs, and subclasses 442+ for display devices
with selective or intermittent illumination.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, for illumination generally or
where the picture projector is only nominally claimed;
subclasses 198+ for motion-picture projection light
sources.
355, Photocopying, subclasses 67+ for a projection printer
having an illumination system or illumination details.
362, Illumination, especially subclass 295 for light
projectors with lamp control. See (1) Note above.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image
formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, and subclasses 177+
for exposure.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter
including means to gradually extinguish the lamp to fade out
a picture or to gradually increase the illuminating power of
the lamp to fade in a picture.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
83 for a projector having a single light source and plural
projection paths and means to dissolve a picture.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 94 for motion-picture
projectors having dissolve effects.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Subject matter
including means to movably position the light source, usually
relative to a reflector or lens in the projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 25+ for a projector where the light source is
aligned with a portion of a microfilm.
82 for a projector having a single light source and plural
projection paths where the light source may be adjustable.
86 for a projector having an adjustable lamp for dissolve
effects.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, subclasses 285+ for a light projector
including an adjustable light source.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means to interrupt the light from the lamp
in the projector, usually during movement or changing of the
picture carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 204+ for
motion-picture shutters.
355, Photocopying, subclass 71 for a projection printer
having a shutter, diaphragm, polarizer or filter.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 738+ for lenses combined with such shutters or
diaphragms and subclasses 227+ for shutters or diaphragms,
per se.
396, Photography, subclasses 452+ for camera shutters.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Subject matter
including two or more optical paths for projection of
pictures with either a shutter for each path or a shutter
which alternately blocks the two paths.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 205+ for a
motion-picture machine having plural light paths and a
shutter.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter
including means to gradually increase the intensity of an
image (i.e., fade in) or to gradually diminish the intensity
of an image until it is no longer recognizable (i.e., fade
out).
(1) Note. When one picture is being faded in and the other
is faded out at the same time both pictures are at least
partially on the screen at the same time. This is not
considered a composite image, however, since the various
parts must cooperate to form such an image as defined in
subclass 30 about.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 217 for a
motion-picture shutter for dissolve.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Subject matter
including a periodically-energized electromagnet which either
directly operates the shutter or which operates some other
part of the projector which is connected to the shutter.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Subject matter
including a slide magazine and mechanism to horizontally move
the slides individually into the projection path and back
into the magazine and to advance the magazine all in
cooperation with movement of the shutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 below for similar structure without a claimed shutter.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Subject matter
including means to gradually increase the intensity of an
image (i.e., fade in) or to gradually diminish the intensity
of an image until it is no longer recognizable (i.e., fade
out).
(1) Note. This subclass provides for projectors having
shutters disclosed as being for dissolving views and shutters
having multiple elements which move into the light path to
block the light.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 217 for
motion-picture shutters for dissolve.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a plurality of projectors as there defined
or two or more light sources with their respective associated
optical paths.
(1) Note. The projectors may be in the same or in different
casings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 30+ for plural projectors employed to form a
composite image.
48 for plural projection paths where the image moves on the
viewing screen.
82 for plural projection paths where only a single lamp is
employed.
subclasses 89+ for plural projection paths and a
significant shutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
434, Education and Demonstration, subclass 286 for plural
celestial- or planetarium-type projectors.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including structure in the optical path which
positions a film strip in the focal plane of the projector
and masks the film edges so that a single frame or picture
area is projected.
(1) Note. Usually the gate includes an aperture plate for
framing and a pressure plate for positioning the film against
the aperture plate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for a projector having a film gate which includes a
transparent plate.
69 for a projector with means to compensate for warpage,
varying size, thickness or density of film or slides.
84 for a film gate in combination with a color filter.
97 for a projector with an aperture plate or diaphragm.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 221+ for
motion-pictures film gates.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
in combination with means to position a lens in the
projector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for a projector having a transparent plate-type film gate
and a lens support.
100 for a projector having a lens support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 231 for a
motion-picture film gate in combination with a lens mount.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including opaque or translucent light limiting or
controlling means such as a diaphragm, hood, curtain,
aperture plate, framing plate, light baffle or shield.
(1) Note. The light-limiting or controlling means may be
positioned either in the light path to block a portion of the
light from the lamp or may be positioned near the light path
to reduce undesired light to or from the light path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70 for means to eliminate Keystone effects.
75 for light shields, etc., in cabinet-type projectors.
79 for a hood which may structurally connect the projector
and viewing screen.
88 for a projector having a shutter.
98 for specular reflectors in the light path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 738+ for a lens in combination with a diaphragm
or mask of general utility and subclasses 227+ for light
control by an opaque element or medium movable in or through
a light path.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, subclasses
118+, for a slit aperture in an optical system for recording
or reproducing sound.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a surface, which specularly reflects light,
positioned behind the light source or anywhere in the light
path between the light source and the viewing screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for an episcope having a reflector.
37 for a composite projector having a reflector.
50 for a projector for moving an image on a viewing screen
and having a reflector.
67 72 and 77, for a cabinet-type projector having a
reflector.
81 for a projector having a reflecting prism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
355, Photocopying, subclass 43, 45, 49, 51, 57, 60, 65, and
66 for a projection printer having a reflector between the
original and the photosensitive paper.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 838+ for reflectors, per se.
362, Illumination, subclasses 296+, for light projectors
having reflectors.
399, Electrophotography, subclasses 9+ for diagnostics,
subclasses 38+ for controls, subclasses 130+ for image
formation, subclasses 168+ for charging, subclasses 177+ for
exposure, subclasses 222+ for development, subclasses 297+
for transfer, subclasses 320+ for fixing, subclasses 343+ for
cleaning, and subclasses 361+ for document handling.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Subject matter
including a plurality of reflectors as there defined.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for plural reflectors in a projector for moving the image
on a viewing screen.
64 for an epidiascope having plural reflectors.
73 and 78, for plural reflectors in a cabinet for a
projector and a viewing screen.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 850+ for plural reflectors, per se.
362, Illumination, especially subclasses 297+ for light
projectors having two or more reflectors.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including means to position a lens in the projector.
(1) Note. Subclass in the Search This Class, Subclass note
below has projector housings which may be recited as having
lens apertures in their walls. A patent in this subclass
(100) must have structure to support the lens, inside or
outside the projector, which is more than a mere aperture in
the projector casing.
(2) Note. Class 359 has lens mounts for projectors where the
projector is only nominally claimed. However, if a lamp,
slide changer or other projector structure such as details of
the housing are claimed the patent is in this Class (353).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 and 96, for a projector having a film gate and a lens
support.
119 for lens apertures in projector casings. See (1) Note
above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 811+ and especially subclasses 819+ for lens
supports and mounts of general utility. See (2) Note above.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter
wherein the support movably positions the lens for a purpose
such as focusing, varying the magnification or facilitating
insertion of the film in the projector near the lens.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for changing focus for warped film or varying size,
thickness or density of slides or film.
76 for lens positioning means in cabinet- type projectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 140, for
motion-picture devices with focus control.
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 813+, 821, 823+, 827+, and 694+ for adjustable
lens supports or mounts.
396, Photography, subclasses 89+ for cameras having
focusing means.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a lens in the optical path between the lamp
and the object to form and direct parallel rays along the
optical axis toward the object or to secure a desired
distribution of the light over the surface of the object, the
lens usually having a specific surface, shape, index of
refraction, or dimensional relationship to the lamp or object
whose image is to be projected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for a unitary condenser lens having plural refracting
surfaces.
subclasses 100+ for a lens with its support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 642+ for condenser lenses, per se.
362, Illumination, subclasses 257+ for illuminating
projectors having condensing lenses.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including mechanism for moving slides into the
projection path; or portions of this mechanism such as a
slide changer which moves slides from a magazine into the
projection path and back to the magazine or a magazine which
moves to position individual slides next to the slide
changer.
(1) Note. This subclass 103 and those indented hereunder
provide for slide changers disclosed for use with projectors
while Class 40 provides for slide changers disclosed for use
in viewers only. This class provides for slide changers where
the indicated use is both for projectors and viewers.
(2) Note. The indented subclasses provide for magazines
which are to be employed with certain kinds of slide
changers. Class 206, Special Receptacles and Packages,
subclass 456 provides for slide magazines, per se, where no
relationship or means for connecting to a projector is
claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for slide changing by rising heated air.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, for slide changers
employed in slide viewers. See (1) Note above.
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 456 for slide
magazines, per se. See (2) Note above.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the slide changer or carrier is particularly adapted
to hold or move slides of different lengths, widths, or
thicknesses or slides which are distorted or warped.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for means in the optical path to correct for distortion.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein a magnet, either permanent or electromagnetic, is
employed to aid in getting the slides into the correct
position for projection.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Subject matter
wherein the magnet is a periodically-energized electromagnet
for moving a slide or slide carrying structure.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the slide carrier is the type which is rotated, such
as a rotary magazine or a disc to which slides are fixed,
about an axis during the slide moving cycle.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the carrier is moved to position the slides in the
projection path so that the slides remain attached to the
carrier before, during and after projection as opposed to
being moved from a magazine before projection and to a
magazine after projection.
(1) Note. In this subclass most of the patents are to a drum
or cylindrical carrier having a circular wall to which slides
are attached and on which the slides remain during the
projection cycle. The projection lamp is usually mounted
inside the drum or cylinder so that as the cylinder is
rotated the slide between the lamp and the viewing screen is
projected on the screen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for slide changing by rising, heated air.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 361 for
similar slide-moving mechanism in viewers.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter
wherein the carrier is a chain or belt to which slides are
attached or a chain which is formed partially or completely
by the individual slide holders.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 361+ for
viewers with similar slide-moving mechanism.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Subject matter
wherein the slides are attached to a flat disc shaped carrier
and are in the plane of the disc which disc is rotated in the
projection path for removing one slide from and positioning
another slide in the projection path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 361+ for
a viewer with similar slide-moving structure.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein at least some movement of the slides to or away from
the projection position is caused by the slides own weight,
the slides either falling or sliding downwardly.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
including a magazine in which the slides are stored before
being projected and a receptacle, which may be another
magazine, to receive the slides after projection.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
including mechanism to move a slide from a first magazine in
which slides are stored before projection to a second
magazine where the slides are stored after projection.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
112 for a gravity operated slide changer having a feeder and
a receiver magazine.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
wherein the individual slides are moved horizontally into and
out of the projection path and are held in a substantially
vertical path perpendicular to the projection path during
such movement.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
including means to move a slide vertically in addition to
horizontally reciprocating it, usually to raise the slide to
the projection level before moving it horizontally into the
light path or to raise the slide slightly after it is moved
out of the light path so that it can be manually gripped and
removed from the slide changer.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
including a magazine which is open on at least one side or
means to position a magazine so that the slides are movable
into the projection path and back into the magazine by means
of the reciprocation mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
92 for a projector having this structure with a claimed
shutter.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter
where the magazine is shaped as a drum and rotates about the
central axis of the drum to position different slides for
reciprocation to and from the projection path.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter
including a hook which engages a slide, or a hook on the
slide which engages a complementary part on the changer, or
mechanism which frictionally grasps the individual slides.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for magnetic gripping,
subclasses 111+ for devices employing a hook or gripper to
elevate slides which later drop because of gravity.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including the structure which substantially encases or
encloses projection structure.
(1) Note. Class 248, Supports, especially subclasses 637+,
provides for projector supports where no significant
projection structure is claimed. The broad recitation of a
projector combined with a support does not preclude
classification in Class 248. Class 352 provides in subclass
243 for motion-picture projectors combined with supports as
there defined. See (1) Note under said subclass 243.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for a projector and phonograph in a common portable
casing.
42 for gun- or flashlight-type housings.
52 for projector casings which include means to control
temperature.
72 for a projector or screen removable from a common
housing.
74 for cabinets including a projection screen.
97 for hoods, baffles or light shields.
subclasses 100+ for lens mounts or supports which may be in
a casing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclasses 637+ for projector supports where
there are no optical limitations. See also (1) Note above.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 10.1 for a
cabinet for a projector where the optical parts of the
projector are not claimed.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclass 242 for
motion-picture projector housings and subclass 243 for
supports.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including a film with particular relationships of the
pictures thereon to each other or to the dimensions of a film
strip, or with indexing means on the film; or including a
film or slide frame which has both a picture and a sound
record thereon.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 700+ for
projector slides with frames.
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 232+ for picture
carriers for motion pictures.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including process steps for use in projecting an image
of an object on a viewing screen.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
352, Optics: Motion Pictures, subclasses 40+ for a method
of projecting motion pictures.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter which is not provided for in any of the preceding
subclasses of this class.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000