U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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Classification Index
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(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 267
SPRING DEVICES
Class Definition:
This class includes vehicle-springs, elastic extension
devices, reciprocating-bed-cushioning devices, and
miscellaneous spring structures which are not peculiar to any
particular art.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclasses 246+ for a spring device disclosed as
for a bed, subclasses 655.7+ for a spring containing support
for a user's body or part thereof, and subclasses 716+ for a
mattress comprising an innerspring core.
29, Metal Working, subclass 896.9 for a miscellaneous or
combined process of manufacturing a spring element made of
metal.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for a process or
apparatus for forming a metal spring wherein the metal is
deformed during the process.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 501.5 for
constant tension sustaining devices for flexible cable
operators.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses. See
the SEARCH CLASS note to Class 267 in the class definition of
Class 92, for the line between an expansible chamber device
for Class 92, and a fluid spring device for Class 267.
100, Presses, subclass 265 for reciprocating platen presses
having a spring actuator, and not elsewhere provided for.
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
appropriate subclasses for a method of making a leaf spring
involving the chemical bonding of plural leaves.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, appropriate subclasses for a process of making a
nonmetallic spring by shaping.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
544+ for stock materials, e.g., of indefinite length, which
are all metal or have adjacent metal components, especially
subclass 591 for such stock material having a feature for
affording relative movement between components thereof.
GLOSSARY:
The following terms are referenced by some of the definitions
of subclasses 2+.
COIL SPRING
an element in the form of a spiral and which exhibits
resilient characteristic when distorted from its original
shape. May be in the form of a helix, a volute spiral or
flat spiral.
HELICAL COIL SPRING
an element in the form of a serial lying on the surface of a
cylinder and which exhibits resilient characteristics when
distorted from its original shape.
LEAF SPRING
an element comprising a plate or bar or a plurality of
superposed plates or bars and which exhibits resilient
characteristics when a portion is deflected transversely of
length of the element
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1.5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Structure adapted to bias a packing element in a radial
direction.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
devices under the class definition which includes a spring
element to cushion relative movement between parts of a
vehicle and which do not involve in their application to such
use any substantial modification of the vehicle structure.
(1) Note. Generally, those patents which have no disclosure
for vehicular use have not been cross-referenced to this and
indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113 through 182, appropriate subclass for a spring device of
the nonsupport type useful in vehicles, or for supporting
supplementary vehicle equipment (e.g., seat, motor,
transmission).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, appropriate subclasses for motor
vehicles in which there is a special relationship between a
spring element and parts peculiar to motor-vehicle
construction.
244, Aeronautics, subclass 104 for spring devices disclosed
and claimed in combination with parts peculiar to airplane
construction.
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which usually involves a spring device or element; subclasses
6.15+ for a general utility land vehicle including means,
interposed between a vehicle body, chassis, or frame and
running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the
vehicle body, chassis, or frame which may or may not involve
a spring device or element; subclass 79 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle provided with springs between the wheel
or wheels and the load-support, noting the search notes
provided therein; subclasses 124.1+ for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement; or
subclasses 275+ or 283+ for a general utility occupant
propelled-type land vehicle including yielding framework or
running gear which may or may not involve a spring device or
element (it is noted that in accordance with the (2) Note of
Class 280, subclass 200, motorcycle frames and running gear,
without features causing classification in Class 180, Motor
Vehicles, are included in these subclasses). Patents
classified in this class (Class 267) as originals may include
vehicle parts directly related to vehicle suspension (e.g.,
fluid damper, upper or lower control arm) and vehicle parts
which are nominally recited as either a reference or mounting
structure for the spring.
297, Chairs and Seats, subclass 195.1 for springs used in
saddle seat construction; subclasses 285+ for springs used in
chairs and seats so that a back is resiliently supported;
subclass 312 for springs resiliently supporting independently
movable sections of a seat bottom.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring devices
especially adapted for railway rolling-stock and not
classified in other subclasses of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
213, Railway Draft Appliances, for spring devices in which
the sole specific use is disclosed as a railway draft
appliance (e.g., a draft or buffing means) or in which the
claim is limited to a railway draft appliance.
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Device wherein
the spring element is a coil-spring.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring devices
especially adapted for children's carriages.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring devices
especially adapted for vehicle-bolsters.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Device wherein
the spring element is a leaf-spring.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device
comprising a leaf- spring, a coil-spring, and a
fluid-pressure spring are combined in the same structure.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device
comprising a leaf- spring and a fluid-pressure and liquid
spring combined in the same structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64.25 for plural compressible fluid springs combined with a
fluid retarder and adapted for use in a vehicle.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device
comprising a leaf-spring and a torsion-spring combined in the
same structure.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Device wherein
the torsion-spring element is of the coil type.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Device wherein
the torsion-coil-spring element forms an end connection for
the leaf-spring.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a leaf-spring and a coil-spring are combined in the same
structure.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Device wherein
the coil- spring element forms an end connection for the
leaf-spring.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a leaf-spring and a rubber type spring are combined in the
same structure.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a leaf-spring and a fluid-pressure spring are combined in the
same structure.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Device wherein
the fluid- pressure-spring element is interposed between the
end of the leaf-spring and a supporting or supported member.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a coil-spring and a rubber type spring are combined in the
same structure.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a coil-spring and a fluid-pressure spring are combined in the
same structure.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
a rubber type spring and a fluid-pressure spring are combined
in the same structure.
Subclass:
36.1
Leaf:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
wherein the spring element comprises a leaf-spring*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 158+ for a leaf spring of nonvehicular or
generic application.
subclasses 192+ for a leaf spring stabilizer.
subclasses 195+ for a leaf spring and retarder (shock
absorber).
subclasses 229+ for a leaf-spring and torque-applying
lever.
283 for a multilayer leaf-torsion spring.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve a leaf spring device or element;
subclasses 6.15+ for a general utility land vehicle including
means, interposed between a vehicle body, chassis, or frame
and running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of
the vehicle body, chassis, or frame which may or may not
involve a leaf spring device or element; subclass 79 for a
general utility wheeled land vehicle provided with springs
between the wheel or wheels and the load-support, noting the
search notes provided therein; subclass 86.5 for a general
utility wheeled land vehicle including an auxiliary axle
assembly which may or may not have a leaf spring; subclasses
124.1+ for particular running gear construction of a general
utility wheeled land vehicle, especially subclasses 124.11+,
124.131, 124.14, 124.163, 124.165, or 124.171+ for particular
running gear constructions which employ a leaf spring; or
subclasses 680 or 686 for a general utility wheeled land
vehicle tandem axle running gear having a leaf spring.
Subclass:
37.1
And covering:
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Spring device
including a casing enclosing the spring element.
Subclass:
37.2
Spiral or elastic covering:
This subclass is indented under subclass 37.1. Spring device
including a casing which encloses the spring element and
which is formed either from a strip of material coiled about
and along the spring element, or from rubber or a material
which exhibits similar characteristics.
Subclass:
37.3
Three serially arranged metallic segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 37.1. Spring device
wherein the casing comprises three distinct sections oriented
in an end-to-end fashion along the longitudinal axis or the
leaf spring.
(1) Note. Typically, the individual sections are relatively
moveable to permit flexure of the casing with the spring.
Subclass:
37.4
Having lubricant reservoir or pad:
This subclass is indented under subclass 37.1. Spring device
including a compartment or material adapted to contain a
fluid to be applied to relatively moving portions of the
device to reduce friction therebetween.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
184, Lubrication, appropriate subclasses for devices of
general utility applied externally to leaf-springs for the
purpose of supplying them with lubrication and involving no
cooperating modification of the spring.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
the axle is disposed between a pair of substantially parallel
and opposite leaf-springs.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
the leaf- spring which support the vehicle-body are secured
to side-bars, which extend longitudinally of the body from
axle to axle.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
the vehicle-body is supported on leaf-springs which extend
longitudinally thereof from axle to axle.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
the spring element is connected at one end to the axle and at
its other end, and sometimes at an intermediate point also,
to the vehicle-body or to a body-supporting spring.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
endless or continuous leaf-springs consisting of members
having their adjacent ends only connected, integrally or
otherwise, and having their intermediate portions free for
relative approach or recession, except where the novelty
resides in structure. (See definition of subclass 47).
(1) Note. Those patents which claim only end connecting
structure for an elliptic spring have been classified in
subclass 261 below.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device wherein
leaf-springs comprising two leaf-spring elements secured
together and bending in the same or substantially the same
plane, one of said elements being of elliptic type.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device
comprising leaf- springs of generally straight or
semi-elliptic type, except where the novelty resides in
structure. (See definition of subclass 47).
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Device in which
leaf-springs comprising two leaf-spring elements secured
together and bending in substantially the same plane, one of
said elements being of semi-elliptic type.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Device wherein
the semi- elliptic and leaf-spring elements are connected end
to end.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device limited
to the structure of the leaf-spring element, either of the
individual leaf or the cooperating structure of the several
leaves and parts without relation to their configuration in
the bending-plane.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Device wherein
the leaf- spring element comprises one or more main leaves
and one or more auxiliary leaves having a normal curvature
different from that of the main leaves, so that when all of
the leaves are secured together to form the spring element
the auxiliary leaves in tending to assume their normal
curvature exert tension on the main leaves.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Device wherein
the spring element comprises means for reducing friction
between the leaves.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Device wherein
the spring element is structurally modified to provide for
lubrication. Includes lubricant--carriers in the form of
strips adapted to be interposed between the leaves of the
spring element.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device which
includes emergency devices adapted to be applied to broken
leaf-springs to effect a temporary repair, devices
permanently associated with leaf-springs and normally idle,
but adapted to support the load in case of breakage of the
spring, and devices normally performing the function of
auxiliary springs, but which may be employed to repair the
main spring in case of breakage.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Device having
means for connecting leaf-springs other than
cantilever-springs intermediate their ends to parts of the
vehicle, together with cooperating leaf modifications.
(1) Note. An intermediate connection of the leaf spring for
the purpose of enabling the axle to rock in its vertical
axial plane are not proper for this class (267) but rather
will be found in Class 280, Land Vehicles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 124.1 for particular running
gear construction of a general utility wheeled land vehicle,
especially subclasses 124.11+ wherein an axle or axle
assembly is pivotally mounted upon the vehicle body, chassis,
or frame which may involve a leaf spring, or subclasses
124.175+ for a residual leaf spring suspension including a
connection feature; or subclasses 680 or 686 for a general
utility wheeled land vehicle tandem axle running gear having
a leaf spring.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Devices for
tying or clamping the individual leaves of leaf-spring
elements together, with cooperating leaf modifications.
(1) Note. Devices of this character which are modified for
cooperation with means for connecting the spring intermediate
its ends to a part of the vehicle are found in this class,
subclass 52.
Subclass:
64.11
Comprising compressible fluid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. A spring device
including a receptacle having a compartment whose volume can
be changed, the compartment including a flowable material
which can be compressed as the volume is decreased by the
application of an external force and which will expand when
the force is removed.
(1) Note. In a fluid-spring device when the compressible
fluid is subjected to compressive force, none of the fluid
escapes from the compartment (e.g., to without the device, or
from one side to the other of a piston head), so that when
the force is removed the compartment returns to its normal
volume, due entirely to the expansion of the compressed
fluid; whereas in a fluid dashpot the fluid does escape, and
hence another force must be applied to the device in order to
restore the compartment to its normal volume.
(2) Note. This subclass and its indents include the
combination of a fluid spring and a retarder device (e.g.,
fluid dashpot).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 113+ for the structure of a fluid spring, per
se.
subclasses 217+ for the combination of a mechanical spring
device and a retarder device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclasses 297+ for a fluid dashpot, per se.
Subclass:
64.12
Having lockable strut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device
wherein a rodlike member is attached to a movable part of the
fluid spring and extends to the exterior of the device so
that the rodlike member is itself longitudinally movable and
including means for fixedly securing the rodlike member in a
desired position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 300 for a fluid retarder having a
lockable strut.
Subclass:
64.13
Including compressible liquid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device
wherein the compressible material remains in a liquid state
under normal operating conditions.
(1) Note. Normally, liquids are not compressible; however,
this subclass contains liquids possessing specific chemical
natures which render them compressible.
Subclass:
64.14
Including chamber at sub-atmospheric pressure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device also
including a second compartment, operatively associated with
the first compartment, which is partially or completely
evacuated.
(1) Note. The evacuation may take place either prior to, or
during, operation of the device.
Subclass:
64.15
With retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device
combined with a device which will not independently return to
its original condition after application of an external force
(e.g., a fluid dashpot), thus retarding the spring's
distortion or recovery.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclasses 266+ for a retarder, per se.
Subclass:
64.16
Leveling device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.15. A device
including means operable to maintain the spring's effective
"working range" constant regardless of various loading
conditions, so the "mean riding height" of the vehicle can be
maintained substantially constant.
(1) Note. "Mean riding height" refers to the distance
between sprung and unsprung parts of the vehicle when it is
at rest, i.e., at the midpoint of the spring's oscillation,
or "working range".
Subclass:
64.17
Self-pumping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.16. A device
wherein the means to maintain the spring's working range
includes a mechanism to generate increased fluid pressure
within the device, the mechanism operating in response to
oscillation of the device.
Subclass:
64.18
Having metering pin for varying spring rate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.16. A device
including an orifice through which fluid flows, and a rodlike
element projecting into the orifice to define a flow passage
therebetween, wherein the rodlike element is adapted to
reciprocate relative to the orifice, thus varying the size of
the passage and variably regulating the flow therethrough to
change either the rate of deflection or the rate of return of
the device.
(1) Note. Devices in this subclass require that either the
reciprocating rodlike element or the orifice be of varying
diameter to regulate the flow.
Subclass:
64.19
Having flexible wall:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.16. A device
wherein the compartment is bounded by an enclosure comprising
a pliantly deformable material.
Subclass:
64.21
Including rolling lobe between telescoping members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.19. A device
including a pair of elements, one sliding into an open end of
the other, the elements adapted to reciprocate with respect
to one another, wherein the pliant material is fixedly
attached at its opposite ends to each of the two elements,
and excess material is provided which folds upon itself to
form an overlapping, saclike portion intermediate the ends.
Subclass:
64.22
Having metering pin for varying spring rate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.15. A device
including an orifice through which fluid flows, and a rodlike
element which projects into the orifice to define a flow
passage therebetween, wherein the rodlike element is adapted
to reciprocate relative to the orifice, thus varying the size
of the passage and variably regulating the flow therethrough
to change either the rate of reflection or the rate of return
of the device.
(1) Note. Devices in this subclass require that either the
reciprocating rodlike element or the orifice be of varying
diameter to regulate the flow.
Subclass:
64.23
Having flexible wall:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.15. A device
wherein the compartment is bounded by an enclosure comprising
a pliantly deformable material.
Subclass:
64.24
Including rolling lobe between telescoping members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.23. A device
including a pair of elements, one sliding into an open end of
the other, the elements adapted to reciprocate with respect
to one another, wherein the pliant material is fixedly
attached at its opposite ends to each of the two elements,
and excess material is provided which folds upon itself to
form an overlapping, saclike portion intermediate the ends.
Subclass:
64.25
Having plural compressible fluid springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.15. A device
including two or more compartments of variable volume, each
including a flowable material which can be compressed.
Subclass:
64.26
Having telescoping cylinders:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.15. A device
including two hollow cylinders, each having a closed end; the
external diameter of one cylinder being smaller than the
internal diameter of the other so that the smaller cylinder
can slide into the larger cylinder, wherein the cylinders are
adapted to reciprocate relative to each other against the
opposition of fluid pressure.
Subclass:
64.27
Having flexible wall:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device
wherein the compartment is bounded by an enclosure comprising
a pliantly deformable material.
Subclass:
64.28
Including means for charging or discharging spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 64.11. A device
wherein means is provided permitting access to its interior
by which fluid may be either introduced into, or removed
from, the device.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Devices for
positively limiting the recovery of the load-springs, whether
applied directly to the spring or to the relatively-movable
parts of the vehicle, devices for preventing the vehicle-body
from swaying backward and forward or from side to side or for
yieldingly resisting such swaying action, and devices for
guiding the relatively-moving parts of the spring element.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Devices wherein
the brace is either of resilient material or has a spring
associated with it for rendering its action yielding.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Devices in which
there is a sliding connection between the brace and some part
of the vehicle.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Miscellaneous devices of more or less general application
which contain one or more elastic elements, so that when said
devices are subjected to tension they will be extended and
when the tension is removed they will resume their normal
length.
(1) Note. Devices whose construction especially adapts them
to withstand both extension and contraction are not included
here, but elastic draft-links are included and devices
including a novel combination of fastening element and
elastic element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
2, Apparel, subclass 324 and 339, for garment supporters
including spring devices.
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclass 79.1 for
elastic links intended to be connected end-to-end to like
elements to form an elastic chain.
114, Ships, subclass 205 for tension relievers combined with
a traveler for sail, and subclasses 213+ for tension
relievers specific to use on ships.
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclasses 7+ for
spring devices actuating projectile throwing arms, and
subclasses 16+ for spring devices actuating a plunger or
similar device to impel a projectile.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass 226 and 251+
for a spring powered fishing reel, and 371+ for a spring
powered reel of general use.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas, subclass 895 for
spiral or helical type antennas.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Structure
wherein when the device is extended, the elastic medium is
compressed in a line at right angles to its cross-section.
If the elastic medium contains coils or bends, the
compression is substantially at right angles to the plane of
any of the coils or bends.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Structure
wherein the extension device comprises one spring element
only.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Structure
wherein the single spring element incloses a plurality of
draw-bars.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Structure
wherein when the device is extended, the elastic medium is
put under tension in the same direction, as explained in the
definition of subclass 70 above.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Structure
wherein the extension device comprises one spring element
only.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Cushioning devices arranged to check the momentum of the
reciprocating bed of a machine, such as a printing-press,
lathe, planing-machine, etc., near the end of its stroke. In
some cases the energy stored up in overcoming the momentum of
the bed is utilized for starting it in the opposite
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 130, for a press cushion fluid spring device and solid
material spring device, respectively.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which includes an outline of rigid elongated mounting
elements spaced from each other, and either (1) a resilient
load supporting surface located on or between and connected
to said elements, or (2) a rigid load supporting surface
located on or between and connected to said elements by
resilient means.
(1) Note. Although the load supporting surface may be
capable of receiving the ultimate load directly, a more
common arrangement would include padding and a covering
material between the load and the supporting surface.
(2) Note. The devices classified in this and the indented
subclasses are mainly the spring subcombinations of chair and
seat cushions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclasses 246+ for a bed bottom of springs and
subclasses 716+ for a mattress comprising an innerspring
core.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
appropriate subclasses, for flexible or portable panels in
general.
297, Chairs and Seats, subclass 452.16 for a chair or seat
having a cushioned bottom or back.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device which
includes two or more springs differing in the kind of
substance which they utilize to effect a spring action (as
metal, rubber, air) and acting in concert to support the
load.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device in which
one of the diverse springs is a metallic member and another
of the springs comprises a fluid containing compartment
having a restricted or valved orifice to regulate the flow of
fluid into or out of the compartment, and the flow of fluid
through the orifice dampens the movement of the metallic
spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 217+ for a vehicular-type combined spring and
dashpot device in which the dashpot modifies the movement of
the spring.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
two or more laminae are disposed one above the other, and
adjacent laminae are metallic and nonmetallic, respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 416,
418, 432+, 444, 450, and 457+ for a nonstructural stock
material product in the form of a composite web or sheet
embodying a layer of metal next to a layer of nonmetal.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Device wherein
the metal layer comprises spiral springs which receive the
load axially of the spiral.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 91+ for spring panels comprising compressible
coil springs.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device in which
either (1) a plurality of springs are provided, which springs
are superposed upon each other so as to be serially
effective, or (2) an additional spring contacting support is
provided inwardly of the spring's connection to the frame,
which support is engageable by the spring during its movement
to vary the effective length of the spring.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device in which
two or more different types of metal springs (as leaf, coil,
zigzag, elliptical, etc.) cooperate to support the load, and
the different types are disposed one above the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 151+ for compound springs, in general.
subclasses 259+ for a compound spring especially adapted
for vehicle use.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device wherein
the uppermost layer, composed of a series of zigzag springs,
is mounted on a layer composed of a different kind of
spring.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device wherein
the uppermost layer, composed of a series of axially loaded
compressible spiral springs, is mounted on a layer composed
of a different kind of spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for spring panels made of diverse materials in which one
layer is composed of coil-springs.
subclasses 91+ for spring panels composed of coil-
springs.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device in which
a means is provided to impose an initial stress upon the
spring prior to the reception thereon of the ultimate load,
so as to vary the effective resilience.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device which
includes a means to absorb or brake the oscillating movements
of a spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for spring panels in which the spring action is dampened
by a dashpot.
subclasses 91+ for coil-springs enclosed in nonmetallic
covers.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device wherein
the panel is composed of a series of spiral springs, arranged
with the axes of the spirals parallel to each other and
aligned in the direction the load is received, and in which
the spiral springs are of the type which receive the load in
compression.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 166+ for helical coil-spring element, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclass 248 and 256 for a bedstead having only
coil-springs.
140, Wireworking, subclass 3 for a method of making a
coil-spring mattress.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device which
includes two or more coil-springs or spring panels, one above
the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 86+ for superposed springs of different types.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the various springs have different coefficients of resilience
(because of differences in size, temper or material).
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the upper extremities of the springs carry or horizontally
disposed, overlying sheet, plate or web to increase the load
bearing and contacting area of the springs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 86+ for horizontally disposed spring surfaces,
overlying vertically oriented coil-springs, which surfaces
incidentally increase the load bearing and contacting area of
the underlying coil springs to thereby protect padding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclasses 401+ for pad protectors, per se.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the surface which supports the load includes both a coil-
spring and a portion which is not a coil-spring and is not
directly supported by a coil spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94 for guards which are interposed between a coil-spring and
the padding.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device wherein
an end of the panel is provided with a spring surface or
extension, generally normal to the plane of the loading
surface.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the periphery of the loading surface of the panel is
encompassed by a border wire, and in which an additional wire
member is provided parallel to the border wire and attached
thereto to strengthen it or enlarge its dimension.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclass 250 for a margin rim having connections
for border wires.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
a stay is connected to and extends between the load receiving
surface and an underlying support on which the springs are
mounted.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the coil springs are elastically supported on an underlying
support by springs which yield in tension.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
112 for panels resiliently supported from a frame by springs
which yield in tension.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
elongated substantially rigid bars extend from one side of
the frame to the other and are supported by the frame sides,
and wherein the springs are connected and supported by these
bars.
(1) Note. These elongated bars are known in the art as
"furniture strips".
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
the coil springs are arranged in rows and mounted on rods or
bars which extend between the rows.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device wherein a
portion of the load supporting surface extends outwardly
beyond the means which connect the load supporting surface to
the underlying frame or mounting elements, which portion is
not supported outwardly of its juncture with the said means.
(1) Note. These devices, when connected to a common border
wire, are known in the art as "soft edges", because they
yield under load more readily than the main surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
85 for superposed springs, serially effective.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device in which
the load receiving surface extends generally parallel to the
frame and is connected thereto and maintained in a plane
separate from the frame by springs.
(1) Note. The spacing spring means may be integral with and
form an extension from the load receiving surface; however,
to fall within the confines of this and the indented
subclasses, there must be an identifiable portion which
yieldingly supports the load receiving surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ for load receiving panels secured to
supporting frames directly.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclasses 246+ for a bed bottom of springs and
subclasses 716+ for a mattress comprising an innerspring
core.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
additional spacing means are provided, which additional means
are connected at one of its ends to the loading surface
between its edges, and connected at its other end to the
spacing means or to a subjacent support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for spacing means connected intermediate the edges of a
loading surface where the extending edge is not supported.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
a device is connected to spaced portions of the loading
surface, so that the resiliency of one of the spaced portions
is modified by the transmission and distribution of part of
the load to another spaced portion.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the elements which constitute the load surface extend less
than the full width between the outermost frame elements, and
a composite load surface is effected by utilizing two or more
elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104 for supplementary spacing means intermediate the ends of
a one piece, frame spanning load receiving element.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device in which
the spring spacing means of at least one side of the panel
includes a generally U-shaped portion, connected at the ends
thereof to the panel and the load supporting surface,
respectively, and in which the apex of the U extends inwardly
of the panel elements.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Device in which
the apex of the V-shaped portion includes a coil spring.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the spring spacing means of at least one side of the panel
includes a generally U-shaped portion, connected at the ends
thereof to the panel and the load supporting surface,
respectively, and in which the apex of the U extends
outwardly of the panel elements.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Device wherein
the load receiving surface extends generally parallel to the
frame and is connected at its outer edges to the frame.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass (110) are devices
wherein the loading surface is bowed upwardly from the frame
and wherein a load applied to the loading surface tends to
urge the frame members away from each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 103+ for devices wherein the loading surface is
connected to the frame by spring spacing means and see (1)
Note to that subclass for the line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
5, Beds, subclass 259.1 for connecting clips (plate and
wire) for bedsteads, which hold the end of the spring panel
in place against the frame; and subclass 260 for a margin rim
having connections for border wires.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Device wherein
the load receiving surface is so mounted on or below the
level of the frame that a load applied to the surface tends
to urge the frame members inwardly toward each other.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the surface is attached to the frame by elastic devices.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is a gas or a liquid
within an enclosure.
(1) Note. A spring device enclosure substantially filled
with solid material is excluded from this subclass, even
though the material be fluent, or liquid-saturated or
air-saturated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64.11 for a fluid spring device in a vehicle.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Spring device
in which the enclosure is subject to decompression or fluid
loss; and means for effecting said decompression or fluid
loss to a predetermined extent over a predetermined
interval.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 195+ for a vehicle spring combined with means
for retarding its distortion or recovery; e.g., fluid dash
pot.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Spring device
for interpositioning between bodies in tow relation with one
another to minimize the transfer of forces therebetween
resulting from changes in velocity.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Spring device
attachable either to a fixed, or to an approaching body at a
location where it would be positioned between the bodies to
minimize collisive impact.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 139+ for a bumper using a solid-material spring
device.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Spring device
for positioning immediately contiguous to a human body part;
e.g., to a chair seat, back rest, mat.
(1) Note. The spring device of this subclass may be
separated from direct contact with the human by nothing more
than a flexible covering.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 142+ for a spring device for human comfort
(e.g., seat cushion), in which a solid- material spring
element is used for the cushioning effect.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Spring device
in which the enclosure is bounded by structure defining top,
bottom and side walls, one of which walls is substantially
rigid and another is displaceable, throughout a broad area
thereof, to recoverably vary the cubic capacity of the
enclosure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113 for a fluid spring device enclosure entirely of flexible
wall structure; or a fluid spring device flexible wall which
is deflected at only a localized point thereof since it has
no means for distributing a localized force throughout the
wall.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Spring device
for minimizing the force of impact in the shaping operation
apparatus utilizing a high degree of impactive force (e.g.,
sheet metal drawing apparatus).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for a reciprocating-bed-cushioning device.
130 for a solid-material (e.g., coil spring) press cushion.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Spring device
for use for cushioning either (a) parts of a vehicle
supported by means other than said spring device or (b)
structure for only auxiliary or temporarily association with
a vehicle (e.g., seat or lading, respectively).
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Spring device
comprising (a) separate contractible-expansible chambers of
which one is piston-modified and the other bellows or
diaphragm modified, or (b) one such chamber and
solid-material-spring means, other than for a mere
piston-impetus purpose.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Spring device
in which the displaceable wall comprises either (a) a
separate, bidirectionally flexible wall member connected
throughout its periphery to the side walls, or (b)
accordion-pleated side wall structure.
(1) Note. The bidirectionally flexible member may be a
septum between, common to, and flexible simultaneously and
inversely vary the capacity of, contiguous enclosures.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Spring device
useful for affecting the operation of either a liquid-flow
regulator or means for controlling the air-fuel mixture of an
internal combustion engine.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Spring device
in which the side wall structure defines a cylinder and the
displaceable wall is a rigid member movable along and in
substantially sealing proximity to said wall structure
interior.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Spring device
useful in an environment including apparatus for either (a)
erecting access means to a subterranean supply of liquid or
(b) extracting liquid from a subterranean supply.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Spring device
including (a) passage means communicating between opposite
sides of the piston for movements of the liquid or gas
therebetween or (b) an accumulator or reservoir for the fluid
communicating with the piston-provided enclosure.
(1) Note. Unless separated from the piston chamber by a
passage of significant length or substantial construction, a
cubic capacity will be recognized only as an extension of a
piston chamber and not a separate reservoir or accumulator
for this subclass; and see (1) Note in subclass 127.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
124 for a piston-operated fluid spring device provided with
vent means to the ambient environment, or with access means
for ambient air.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Spring device
including means through the piston member for movement of
liquid or gas to either side of said piston.
(1) Note. Mere clearance between the piston and the
cylinder interior wall structure is not considered passage
means for this subclass, even though particularly dimensioned
for this purpose.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Spring device
in which an impetus for movement of the piston is provided by
a separate, solid, resilient member.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Spring device
including significant means for eliminating the passage of
fluid between the periphery of the piston and the interior
cylinder wall structure.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device for minimizing the force of impact in the shaping
operation of apparatus using a high degree of impactive force
(e.g., sheet metal drawing apparatus).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for a fluid-spring press cushion.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device having one end attachable to a base portion of a seat
for a human and another end extending therefrom for
attachment to the seat portion over said base portion.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Spring device
in which the seat is part of a human-propelled vehicle or of
a motorcycle.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Spring device
which is the sole means for retention of the seat portion
above the base portion; and for arcuate, to-and-fro movement
of the seat portion about a horizontal axis.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which a portion of a spring element is movable in
rubbing contact with a surface of a solid body or through a
viscous body; said movement being responsive to the
application of a force and impeded by said rubbing contact.
(1) Note. Movement, for this subclass, may be (and usually
is) that of a portion of a spring body as a consequence of
the deformation of the body as a whole. The surface for
rubbing contact may be that of another, concentric spring
body.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Spring device
in which said portion is the surface portion of a spirally
wound body or one of the annuli of a set of plural,
concentric (usually longitudinally spaced) annuli.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
devices for inhibiting or minimizing the undesirable effect
of the force of an unintended blow or undesirable
oscillation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 113+ for a fluid-spring shock absorber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 300 for a motor vehicle having
a specific motor-to-body-frame relationship and wherein is
provided yieldable means for minimizing the rocking of the
motor about principal supports.
248, Supports, subclasses 560+ for a resilient means which
forms part of a support structure. See the note to this
class (267) under the definition of subclass 560 for the line
between Class 248 and Class 267.
405, Hydraulic and Earth Engineering, subclass 214 for
shock-absorbing fenders for marine structures which employ a
coil spring.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Spring device
in which the body constitutes means in moving contact with
work to modify the work and in which the spring device
minimizes undesirable oscillation incident to said movable
contact and work modification.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for a piston-type fluid spring device for dampening the
operation of a well drill.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Spring device
in which the body is one of a pair of vehicle bodies in tow
relation with one another and the spring device is
interposable between the vehicle bodies to minimize the
transfer of forces therebetween resulting from changes in
velocity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for fluid-spring device-type draft gear.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Spring device
in which the body is one of a pair of bodies (e.g., vehicle
and dock bodies) likely to undergo collisive impact and the
spring device is positionable to minimize the effect of said
impact.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 for a bumper using a fluid spring device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclasses 135+ for the combination
of a bumper and a spring support therefor.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Spring device
in which the spring element comprises a body of elastomeric
material; i.e., a product of latex or a synthetic substitute
or equivalent of latex.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for a spring device of general utility, including a
spring element of rubber; and see the search notes thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 136 for the combination of a
bumper and an elastomeric support therefor.
Subclass:
140.11
Including energy absorbing means or feature (e.g.,
supplemental vehicle equipment, such as motor mount, seat,
etc., including additional fluid or friction energy
absorber):
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Structure
wherein a means or feature, distinct from a resilient means,
absorbs mechanical energy from a vibrating component,
converts such absorbed energy to another form of energy, such
as heat and thereby damps the absorbed energy.
(1) Note. A mere spring, acting alone or in concert with
others, is not considered an energy absorbing member for this
subclass as the energy transferred is not changed in form or
dissipated but returned almost in full to the vibrating
member.
(2) Note. Spring devices of the supporting type useful to
cushion relative movement between vehicle parts and which do
not involve substantial modification of the vehicle structure
are not found herein and in the indented subclasses, but are
found in other subclasses within this class.
(3) Note. Devices in this and the indented subclasses
include vehicle engine mounts many of which include hydraulic
damping.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 2+ for individual vehicle suspension
components.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 300+ for motor mounts
having a specific motor to body frame relationship.
248, Supports, subclasses 562+ for a support including a
spring and energy absorbing means. (See line note under
Search Class in Class 248, subclass 560).
Subclass:
140.12
Having concentric coaxial spring between plural confining
means for radial force:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140.11. Structure
wherein the resilient means is an elastomeric or like spring
radially disposed between two approximately concentric rigid
tubular members with the energy from the vibrating component
being applied not parallel to the central axis of the tubular
members and the resilient means.
(1) Note. Many of the devices included herein and the
indented subclass have an inner tube which extends
approximately all the way through the outer tube.
Subclass:
140.13
Axial:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140.11. Subject
matter wherein the resilient means is an elastomeric or like
spring disposed between the vibrating component and a
supporting component with the energy from the vibrating
component being applied approximately parallel to the central
axis of the resilient means.
(1) Note. Many of the devices found herein and in the
indented subclass have the spring located between two members
spaced along the central axis of the spring either located as
two end members or as an end member and an intermediate
member.
(2) Note. Many of the devices found herein and in the
indented subclass have a conically shaped or tapered spring
and have one of the end or intermediate members of cup-shape
receiving the spring (e.g., cup/bush type).
Subclass:
140.14
With electronic or magnetic control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140.13. Structure
wherein the means or feature for absorbing mechanical energy
has its damping effect varied (increased or decreased) by
application of electrical energy.
(1) Note. Included herein are devices which increase or
decrease the vibration damping effect by using fluids which
undergo a change in viscosity upon application of electrical
energy (i.e., electroviscous fluids) and devices wherein a
flow passage between fluid containing chambers is varied in
effective cross-section by means responsive to application of
electrical or magnetic energy.
Subclass:
140.15
With electronic or magnetic control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140.11. Structure
wherein the means or feature for absorbing mechanical energy
has its damping effect (increased or decreased) by
application of electrical energy.
(1) Note. Included herein are devices which increase or
decrease the vibration damping effect by using fluids which
undergo a change in viscosity upon application of electrical
energy (i.e., electroviscous fluids) and devices wherein a
flow passage between fluid containing chambers is varied in
effective cross-section by means responsive to application of
electrical or magnetic energy.
Subclass:
140.2
Variably preloaded:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Structure
comprising means for varying the loading, e.g., tension,
compression, shear, etc., of the resilient element so as to
vary its characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclass 575 for a resilient support
comprising variably preloaded resilient means.
Subclass:
140.3
Having diverse resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Structure
wherein a single spring comprises a plurality of resilient
elements, at least one of which is different from another.
Subclass:
140.4
Metallic and nonmetallic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140.3. Structure
comprising metallic and nonmetallic element.
Subclass:
140.5
Diverse resistance to vibration along different axes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Structure
wherein the resilient means provides for vibration along at
least two distinct translational and/or rotational axes and
wherein the resistance of said resilient means to such
vibration along one axis is different from that along at
least one other axis.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Structure
comprising a nonmetallic, resilient element.
Subclass:
141.1
Plural resilient elements with rigid spacer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Structure
comprising a plurality of resilient elements which elements
are separated by at least one nonresilient spacer element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, appropriate subclasses for a laminated bearing
of nonmetallic resilient material separated by a nonresilient
spacer.
Subclass:
141.2
Confined between coaxial, vibrating annular members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Structure
wherein the resilient element is disposed between two coaxial
rigid annular members and at least a part of the resilient
element is restrained from radial movement by said members.
Subclass:
141.3
Including radial contact surface, e.g., tapered or shouldered
member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141.2. Structure
comprising a radial surface, such as a taper or shoulder, on
one of the members which contacts the resilient element.
Subclass:
141.4
Annular flange or collar embedded in resilient element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141.3. Structure
wherein one of the members comprises an annular flange or
collar at least one edge of which is surrounded by the
resilient element.
Subclass:
141.5
Flanged or collared innermost member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141.4. Structure
wherein the flange or collar is on the member which most
closely surrounds the common axis.
Subclass:
141.6
Collapsible wall:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141.3. Structure
comprising a three-dimensional free space bounded on at least
one side by a resilient element whereby vibration of the
members will cause the resilient element to distort and vary
the shape and/or volume of the free space.
Subclass:
141.7
Arcuate or tapered contact surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141.3. Structure
wherein the surface which contacts the resilient element is
(a) of arcuate configuration, or (b) inclined with respect to
the axis of the annular members.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device for positioning to bear the weight of a person, in a
position directly to receive the force of said weight; i.e.,
separated therefrom by no more than a flexible covering.
(1) Note. This subclass includes spring devices for seat
cushions, back rests, resting mats, bed springs, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for an air spring cushion for human comfort.
182 for a seat cushion spring support (e.g., bracket).
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Spring device
comprising a plurality of spring elements of construction
diverse from one another.
(1) Note. Diversity of construction is recognizable by
separate, coordinate classification concerning the element;
e.g., coil, torsion, rubber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 151+ for compound coil springs of general
utility; e.g., subclass 152, in which one of the diverse
elements is an elastomeric body.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Spring device
in which the spring element is unitary and undulating in
shape.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for a zigzag spring device of general utility.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Spring device
in which the spring element is an elastomeric body; i.e., of
latex or a synthetic substitute or equivalent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for a rubber spring device of general utility; and see
the subclass search notes.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Spring device
comprising a cushion body made of nonmetallic filamentary
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 148+ for a fibrous-body spring device of general
utility.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element comprises an open work
fabric of interwoven and densitized, and thereby crinkled,
wire.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 605
for a fibrous metal mass.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is a filamentary,
nonmetallic element; or a body made of such elements (e.g.,
rope, mat).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 605
for a fibrous metal mass.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Spring device
in which the filamentary element is a vitreous silicaceous
product.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device connectible to a pivotable body (e.g., aircraft caster
wheel) so as to be unstressed when said body is in a normal
position and to be put under stress by pivotal movement of
said body from said position, whereby said spring device
tends to return said body to said normal position.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device comprising a plurality of spring elements of
construction diverse from one another.
(1) Note. Diversity of construction is recognized by
separate, coordinate classification in this class; e.g.,
coil, torsion, rubber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for a compound spring one of the elements of which is a
piston-type fluid spring.
143 for a compound spring device in a cushion for human
comfort (e.g., seat cushion, rest pad or mat).
subclasses 259+ for compound vehicle spring construction.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Spring device
in which one of the spring elements is an elastomeric body of
latex, or a synthetic substitute or equivalent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for a leaf-and-rubber type compound vehicle spring.
33 for a coil-and-rubber type compound vehicle spring.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device comprising an elastomeric body; i.e., a latex product
of a synthetic substitute or equivalent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for a rubber spring device in shock- absorbing bumper
construction.
141 for a rubber spring device in a shock absorber of the
nonsupport type.
145 for a rubber spring device in a cushion for human
comfort.
subclasses 292+ for a rubber-type vehicle spring device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, subclasses 220+ and 297 for a nonmetallic
mounting means, or a sleeve or liner for a plain rotary
bearing appropriate subclasses for flexible laminated
bearings.
403, Joints and Connections, subclass 228 for a composite
bushing having an elastomeric component.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is a unitary member having
a portion subject to a deforming force while another portion
is retained against movement or is subject to a force which
is substantially lesser than or opposite in direction to the
first force; which element either (a) includes an
unconvoluted portion to which the force is applied as an
axial twist, or (b) constitutes a spirally wound body the
number of turns of which tend to be changed by the
application of the first-mentioned force.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 154. Spring device
in which the spring element is in the form of a spirally
wound body.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Spring device
in which the winding of the body is in the form of a
substantially flat spiral.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Spring device
which is subject to a compressive or expansive force; as well
as said first-mentioned force.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is substantially planar
through a cross-section thereof whereat bending occurs under
a load.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Spring device
in which the spring element is a unitary member, including a
portion under stress resisting movement toward one side of a
plane passing through the bending axis, which stress is
reversible when said element or portion crosses said plane
whereby to continue urging said element or portion away
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
171 for an over-center spring device energized by a
coil-spring.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Spring device
in which the spring element, or a group thereof, constitutes
the sole support for a movable load member and the sole
connection between said load member and another member fixed
to its environment; whereby the direction of (generally,
arcuate) movement of said load member is determined by the
bending of said element, or group.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for (1) a spring device including a resilient ring pack
and spaced members connected to each of the ends thereof;
which members are merely end connection elements of the
spring device, rather than load members and (2) the
combination of load means, a spring ring pack and rigid rod
means extending through the common central aperture of the
pack, whereby the control of movement of the load by the
flexure of the spring device ring elements is negated or, at
least, significantly inhibited or modified.
178 for a flexural support including a series of
coil-springs between a fixed member and a relatively movable
support which is the load member.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Spring device
in which the spring element is annular in general
configuration; or is generally circular and includes within
the confines of its circle an annularly arranged group of
separate, spaced, finger-like formations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
163 for a spring device element comprising a circular body
and a plurality of extensions extending irregularly outwardly
(rather than generally annularly and within the confines)
thereof, so that neither the device nor the spider-like
formation is generally annular.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Spring device
in which there are a plurality of superposed and adjacent,
annular spring elements or element portions for bending about
a common flexural arc.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Spring device
in which the spring element is provided with an elongated
separation (e.g., slot) to define either spaced portions
extending from an end thereof or finger-like formation within
the confines of said element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 161+ for a bendable spring device element
including an annularly arranged spider formation.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Spring device
in which either (a) the spring element is a unitary member
bent back upon itself intermediate the ends thereof to
present superposed or confronting portions or (b) a group
(e.g., pair) of separate, overlapping spring elements is
provided; whereby said confronting portions or overlapping
elements present a common bending plane or flexural arc.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Spring device
comprising either (a) the structure of part (b) of the
definition of subclass 164 or (b) the unitary spring element
bent back upon itself at least twice to provide at least
three portions sharing the common bending plane or flexural
arc.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is in the form of a helix
and is adapted to be extended or compressed in the direction
of the helix axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 592
for metallic stock of helical configuration or having a
helical component.
Subclass:
166.1
Conical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
wherein the turns of the helix lie upon the surface of a
cone.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
maintained in the form of an endless loop.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
including a pair of said elements, one of which surrounds the
other directly (i.e., with no structural element intervening
therebetween).
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
provided with means extending a substantial distance within
the confines of the coils for limiting transaxial flexure.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
including, in the use condition thereof, a member which is
(a) separate from the spring element, (b) positioned at one
end thereof, and (c) movable therewith during said extension
or compression.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device,
further including a second end thrust member at the other end
of the spring element; and in which the spring element is
adapted either (a) to maintain said end thrust members a
predetermined distance apart or (b) selectively to maintain
one of the members, or the contact point between said one
member and the end of the element, at each of a pair or
predetermined positions on opposite sides of the helix axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
159 for an over-center snap spring of leaf or disc
construction.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
and means having a surface movable along a path intersecting
a position of the end thrust member for thrust reaction
momentary engagement therewith.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
in which the end thrust member constitutes, or is associated
with, means movable about a fulcrum for a thrust reaction
with said spring element.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
wherein said end thrust member, has a movement intended to
effect a condition change (e.g., actuate a valve, make or
break a circuit), work stroke (e.g., piston movement), or
work modification (i.e., tool function).
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Spring device,
including means for selectively varying the spring force of
the spring element whereby the character of movement of the
member may correspondingly be selectively varied.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Spring device
in which the spring element is adapted to resist said
movement and to return said member to a starting position.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
including means for selectively varying the spring force of
the spring element whereby the character of the thrust
reaction may be correspondingly varied.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
either (a) for retaining an object against the forces of
gravity, or (b) for supplementing the retention against
gravity of a cantilever-supported object.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Spring device
in which both the spring element and the end thrust member
are particularly preshaped for the purpose of attachment with
one another.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Spring device
in which the spring element is of one-piece construction and
(a) includes plural, intervoluted coils; or (b) is
out-of-round in cross-section; or (c) in the unstressed
condition thereof, includes portions which vary, one from
another in (1) helix angle, or (2) distance from a common,
central, longitudinal axis, or (3) cross-section.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Spring
device in which the spring element is a multiperforate body.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for a compressed wire mesh spring element.
subclasses 161+ or 163, for a spring device flat-surfaced
element which is slotted to provide bending planes.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter not classifiable elsewhere.
(1) Note. This subclass includes supports, per se, (e.g.,
frame, bracket) for a seat cushion spring device.
Subclass:
183
Parallel depression (e.g., having stabilizer bar):
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
combined with equalizing means which tends to cause uniform
displacement of all points along a substantially horizontal
line contained in the vehicle chassis or body.
(1) Note. The equalizing means typically factions to cause
uniform displacement along a lateral axis, or along a
longitudinal axis of the vehicle body antiroll.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve a stabilizer or torsion bar,
especially subclass 5.511 involving sway or torsion bar
regulation; or subclass 124.107 for a general utility wheeled
land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement preventing
lateral or sideways tilt of the vehicle body, chassis, or
frame through a centrifugal force transmission linkage.
Subclass:
184
Duplex:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means acts in two planes, thereby
tending to cause uniform displacement of the chassis along
both the lateral and longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
Subclass:
185
Single pivot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Spring device
wherein all forces applied to the chassis by the equalizing
means cause uniform displacement about a single point.
Subclass:
186
Fluid stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means employs a pressure fluid to case
uniform displacement of the chassis of body.
Subclass:
187
Including torque bar or pump:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means further comprises either (a) an
elongated member which exhibits resilient characteristics
when subjected to axial twist while transmitting equalizing
stresses from one point to another on the vehicle, or (b) a
discrete apparatus for dynamically increasing the pressure or
velocity of the pressure fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188 for a torsion stabilizer, per se.
273 for a vehicle torsion spring or torque bar, per se.
Subclass:
188
Torque bar or tube stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means includes an elongated member
formed of metal or a similar material, and which exhibits
resilient characteristics when subject to an axial twist
while transmitting equalizing stress for one point to another
on the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for a torsion bar equalizer combined with a
fluid-operated equalizer.
Subclass:
189
And elastomeric member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means further comprises a member
formed for rubber or a material which exhibits similar
characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
259 for torque bar or tube combined with a rubber spring for
use on a vehicle other than as an equalizer.
276 for a torque bar or tube-vehicle suspension spring
combined with an elastomeric bushing.
Subclass:
190
And coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Spring device
including a coil-spring* which is employed either to cushion
relative movement between parts of the vehicle, or to
supplement the elongated resilient member in transmitting
equalizing stresses from one point to another on the
vehicle.
Subclass:
191
And retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Spring device
including nonreacting means (e.g., a dashpot) for opposing
and slowing distortion or recovery or a spring element.
(1) Note. The spring element may serve to cushion relative
movement of vehicle parts, or it may serve as an equalizer to
ensure parallel depression of the parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 195+ for a mechanical spring and retarder (e.g.,
shock absorber), per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 129 for a frictional shock absorber
with no restoring means (spring), and subclasses 266+ for a
fluid resistance dashpot or shock absorber, per se.
Subclass:
192
Leaf spring stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means comprises a leaf-spring*.
Subclass:
193
Leaf spring acting between pivoted links:
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Spring device
wherein portions of the leaf-spring* which are deflected
relatively to each other are each connected to the vehicle by
an intermediate element which turns about an attached pin or
equivalent structure.
Subclass:
194
Plural nontorsion coil springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Spring device
wherein the equalizing means includes two discrete coil-
springs* adapted to be extended and compressed in the
direction of their central axes.
Subclass:
195
Mechanical spring and nonresilient retarder (e.g., shock
absorber):
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
including a nonfluid (mechanical) spring element for
cushioning relative movement between the vehicle parts
combined with nonreacting means for opposing and slowing the
distortion or recovery of the spring element.
(1) Note. This subclass and its indents include shock
absorber which are combined with a nonfluid spring element
for returning the vehicle parts connected by the shock
absorbers to a neutral position after they have been
displaced therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64.15 for a fluid spring combined with a motion retarder
(shock absorber).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 197.05 for a snubber
combined with railway truck structure.
188, Brakes, subclasses 266+ for an internal resistance
motion retarder, wherein energy absorbed during displacement
of the parts out of normal position is not returned to
restore the parts to normal position.
Subclass:
196
Friction (e.g., "snubber"):
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Spring device
wherein the retarder comprises two friction surfaces which
are caused to rub against each other to slow the distortion
or recovery of the spring element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 134+ for a friction snubber which is not
peculiarly adapted for use on a vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclasses 129+ for a vehicle friction shock
absorber, per se, having a spring biased friction surface,
but in which there is no distortion of the spring as the
parts move relative to each other.
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclasses 22+ for a
cushioned railway draft appliance employing a spring and
friction surfaces, and subclasses 220+ for a car end bumper
or buffer, per se.
Subclass:
197
Including flexible strap connector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
including an elongated flaccid element connected to or
forming part of the retarder, and having one end connected to
one of the sprung vehicle parts, whereby relative motion of
the vehicle parts away from each other is accommodated
through the flaccid element, and the spring element
subsequently draws the vehicle parts toward one another
through the flaccid element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 65.1 for a brake which operates on a
strand such as a rope, band, etc.
Subclass:
198
Strap forms friction element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Spring device
wherein one of the two surfaces which are caused to rub
against each other is on the elongated flaccid element.
(1) Note. The surfaces must be that of a flaccid element
and not of a separate brake shoe attached to the flaccid
element.
Subclass:
199
Flat spiral spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Spring device
wherein the spring element comprises a coil of at least one
complete turn about an axis and wherein all turns lie in a
single plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198 for a device in which the friction occurs between the
spiral spring element and the flaccid element.
Subclass:
200
Having lubricating feature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
including a friction reducing fluid, or means to store or
facilitate the application of the friction reducing fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37.4 for leaf-spring covering provided with a lubricant
reservoir or pad.
268 for end connection for a vehicle leaf- spring provided
with means to apply or pass a lubricant.
Subclass:
201
Elastomeric spring or friction element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
an element formed of rubber or a material exhibiting similar
characteristics and which serves either (a) as the spring
element, (b) a friction surface, or (c) as a means for
biasing the friction surfaces against each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
292 for a rubber spring element, per se, which is peculiarly
adapted for use on a vehicle.
Subclass:
202
And helical coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Spring device
including a helical coil-spring element which acts between
the parts of the vehicle.
(1) Note. Those devices having coil- springs which bias
friction elements only are excluded.
Subclass:
203
Plural coil springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Spring device
including a second discrete helical coil-spring* element
which acts between the parts of the vehicle.
Subclass:
204
Friction surface on helical spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
wherein one of the surfaces which rub against each other is
located on a helical coil-spring*.
Subclass:
205
Including cam or wedge friction element or actuator
therefor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
including two members or portions having contacting
relatively moving surfaces, wherein at least one of the
surfaces is sloped or curved to force the friction surfaces
against each other.
(1) Note. The cam or wedge surface may also serve as the
"friction surfaces".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 201+ for a retarder which employs a cam or wedge
for compressing an elastomeric friction element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclasses 32+ for similar
devices which are peculiar to railway use.
Subclass:
206
Helical cam surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Spring device
wherein the sloped or curved surface defines or is formed
upon a helix.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
204 for retarding devices where a helical spring serves as
one of the friction surfaces.
Subclass:
207
Plural axially spaced expandable friction rings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Spring device
having a central axis along which parts or the device
connected to the sprung vehicle portions are caused to move,
wherein a plurality or discrete expandable annular members,
each carrying a friction surface on its peripheral face, are
located at different points along the axis.
Subclass:
208
Including relatively rotating friction surfaces (e.g., drum
type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Spring device
wherein one of the rubbing surfaces is caused to revolve or
swing in contact with the other surface.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclass 28 for similar
devices peculiar to railway use.
Subclass:
209
Including helical coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Spring device
including a helical coil-spring* which serves either as the
spring element for cushioning the relatively moving parts of
the vehicle or for biasing the friction, wedge or cam
surfaces toward or away from one another.
Subclass:
210
Transversely oriented coil for biasing friction surfaces:
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Spring device
wherein the helical coil-spring* serves to resiliently urge
the friction surfaces toward or away from one another, and
the central axis of the spring is oriented at an angle to the
vertical when the device is mounted on the vehicle.
Subclass:
211
Plural laterally spaced coils (e.g., spring group):
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Spring device
including a second helical coil-spring*, wherein a
substantial part of one of the helical coil-spring*, wherein
the axes of the two springs are spaced from each other.
Subclass:
212
Nested coil springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Spring device
including a second helical coil-spring*, wherein a
substantial part of one of the helical springs occupies the
area within the other helical spring.
Subclass:
213
Inside friction shell:
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Spring device
wherein a substantial portion of each helical spring lies
within a hollow member on which is located one of the
frictions surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
204 for similar devices in which the spring rubs against the
surface of the shell to provide the snubbing action.
Subclass:
214
Friction surface formed on or biased by additional spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
including a second element which exhibits resilient
characteristics and which tends to force the friction surface
into or out of contact with each other.
(1) Note. Devices having a spring which serves to bias the
vehicle parts and the friction elements are not classified
here on that basis.
(2) Note. The friction surface may be on the spring itself,
but see this class, subclass 204 for those devices which
employ a friction surface formed on a helical spring.
Subclass:
215
Relatively rotating friction surfaces (e.g., drum type):
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Spring device
wherein one of the rubbing surfaces is caused to revolve or
swing while in contact with the other surface.
Subclass:
216
Coil spring for biasing vehicle parts and friction surfaces:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Spring device
wherein the spring element which serves to cushion relative
movement between the parts of the vehicle comprises a
coil-spring* which also tend to force the rubbing surfaces
toward or away from each other.
Subclass:
217
Fluid retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Spring device
wherein the viscosity of a liquid or gas is employed for
opposing and slowing the distortion or recovery of the spring
element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclasses 51+ and 66+ for a
fluid check and spring system for use with a closure (e.g.,
door).
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 197.05 for a
hydraulically-dampened spring bolster for a railway truck.
188, Brakes, subclasses 266+ for a fluid retarder with no
claimed spring element.
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 124.1 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement,
especially subclasses 124.145+ or 124.154+ wherein a wheel is
separately supported upon an individual stub axle including a
vertically extending strut which may or may not include a
fluid damper or retarder.
Subclass:
218
With separate pump or adjustment for spring loading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Spring device
including either (a) Discrete means in addition to the fluid
retarder for raising, transferring or compressing the liquid
or gas, or (b) means by which the spring force exerted on the
vehicle parts at a particular relative position of the parts
may be varied.
Subclass:
219
Elastomeric spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Spring device
wherein the spring element is formed of rubber or a material
which exhibits similar characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for a fluid spring combined with an elastomeric spring.
Subclass:
220
Mounted at end of retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Spring device
wherein the rubber or rubber-like spring element is attached
at or immediately adjacent to a terminal portion of the
retarder.
(1) Note. The rubber or rubber-like bushing is normally
located at the point or attachment to the vehicle.
Subclass:
221
Helical coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Spring device
wherein the spring element is a helical coil-spring*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for a fluid spring combined with a helical coil-spring.
Subclass:
222
Quadrilateral suspension:
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Spring device
including four links pivoted together to form a four-sided
polygon, wherein the relatively moving parts of the vehicle
are connected to or serve as separate links, whereby relative
movement between the vehicle parts cause the shape of the
polygon to change.
(1) Note. Typically, the links comprise the upper and lower
control arms, the wheel axle support, and the vehicle
chassis, and the arrangement is applied to separate wheels as
an "independent suspension" system.
Subclass:
223
And rocking actuator arm or rotary fluid displacement
member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Spring device
wherein the retarder includes either (a) a pivoted lever
which is caused to pivot upon relative motion between the
vehicle parts to effect operation of the retarder, or (b) a
rotatably mounted member having a surface thereon which
displaces or moves through the retarding fluid to effect the
opposing and retarding action.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclasses 266+ for a fluid dashpot, per se,
particularly subclasses 306+ for those having an arcuately
oscillating thrust member.
Subclass:
224
Plural mechanical spring for biasing vehicle parts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Spring device
including a second discrete nonfluid spring element which
cushions relative movement between the vehicle parts.
Subclass:
225
Plural mechanical springs for biasing vehicle parts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Spring device
including a second discrete nonfluid spring element which
cushions relative movement between the vehicle parts.
Subclass:
226
Spring within coaxial fluid chamber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Spring device
including an enclosure for containing the liquid or gas,
wherein a substantial portion of the helical coil-spring*
element is located within the enclosure, and the central
longitudinal axis of the enclosure coincides with the central
axis of the spring helix.
Subclass:
227
Leaf spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Spring device
wherein the spring element is a leaf-spring*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 31+ for a fluid spring combined with a leaf-
spring.
Subclass:
228
Lever and nontorsion spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
including a discrete swingably mounted, force multiplying
link through which stress is applied to a spring element to
compress, expand or laterally deflect a portion of the spring
element.
(1) Note. Devices in which the link forms an essential
part of the spring element are excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 195+ for a spring connected through a lever to a
shock absorber, especially subclasses 201+, 219, and 221+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve a lever acting upon a spring
device or element; subclasses 6.15+ for a general utility
land vehicle including means, interposed between a vehicle
body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for
altering height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or
frame which may or may not involve a lever acting upon a
spring device or element; subclass 79 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle provided with springs between the wheel
or wheels and the load-support, noting the search notes
provided therein; subclasses 124.1+ for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement; or
subclasses 275+ or 283+ for a general utility occupant
propelled-type wheeled land vehicle including yielding
framework or running gear which may or may not involve a
spring device or element (it is noted that in accordance with
the (2) Note of Class 280, subclass 200, motorcycle frames
and running gear, without features causing classification in
Class 180, Motor Vehicles, are included in these subclasses).
Patents classified in this class (Class 267) as originals may
include vehicle parts directly related to vehicle suspension
(e.g., fluid damper, upper or lower control arm) and vehicle
parts which are nominally recited as either a reference or
mounting structure for the spring.
Subclass:
229
Leaf spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Spring device
including a spring element in the form of a leaf-spring* for
cushioning relative movement of the vehicle parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
271 for an end connection in the form of a shackle for a
vehicle leaf-spring.
283 for a multilayer leaf torsion spring.
Subclass:
230
Quadrilateral suspension:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
including four rigid links pivoted together to form a
four-sided polygon, wherein the relatively moving parts of
the vehicle are connected to different links, and one link
servers as the "lever" connected to the spring element,
whereby relative movement between the vehicle parts causes
the shape of the polygon to change.
(1) Note. Typically, the links comprise the upper and lower
control arms, the wheel axial support, and the vehicle
chassis, and the arrangement is applied to separate wheels as
an "independent suspension".
Subclass:
231
And coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
further including a second spring element in the form of a
coil-spring* for cushioning relative movement of the vehicle
parts.
(1) Note. The lever may act upon either the leaf-spring or
the coil-spring, or both.
Subclass:
232
And roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Spring device
including a generally round rotatable element which is caused
to roll along the surface of the leaf spring or an adjacent
member as the vehicle parts move relatively and the leaf
spring is deflected.
Subclass:
233
And "overload" bumper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Spring device
including a member or portion which limits relative movement
of the vehicle parts by striking another member or portion.
Subclass:
234
Including adjustment for spring loading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Spring device
including means by which the force exerted by an spring
element on the vehicle parts at a particular relative
position of the parts may be selectively varied.
Subclass:
235
Adjusting screw coaxial with coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Spring device
wherein the means to selectively vary the spring force
includes and elongated helically ribbed element rotatable
about its longitudinal axis, which coincides with the central
axis of the coil- spring* element.
Subclass:
236
Plural coils between vertically spaced leaf springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Spring device
including a second leaf-spring* located above the first
leaf-spring* with respect to the vehicle, wherein two
discrete coil-springs* are located between the two
leaf-springs.
(1) Note. Elliptical and semielliptical leaf-spring*
arrangements are considered to be "vertically spaced".
Subclass:
237
Plural coaxial coils:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Spring device
including a second coil-spring* for cushioning relative
movement of the vehicle parts, wherein the central axes of
the two coils coincide.
Subclass:
238
Nested coils:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Spring device
wherein the coil-springs* are coaxial and a substantial
portion of one spring is located within the other spring.
Subclass:
239
Having leaf-end-connecting lever:
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Spring device
wherein the discrete link connects the end of the leaf-
spring* to the vehicle, or to another spring element which is
in turn connected to the vehicle.
(1) Note. A mere shackle connecting a leaf-spring* with the
vehicle or another leaf-spring is not considered to be a
"lever" for purposes of classification in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
271 for a leaf-spring combined with shackle for connecting
it to the vehicle.
Subclass:
240
Coil spring between lever and vehicle part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 239. Spring device
wherein one end of the coil-spring* engages the discrete link
or structure rigidly connected thereto, and the other end
engages one of the sprung vehicle parts or structure rigidly
connected thereto.
(1) Note. A coil-spring* which is connected to the
leaf-spring* at or immediately adjacent to the leaf spring's
point of attachment to a vehicle part is considered to
"engage one of the sprung vehicle parts".
Subclass:
241
And fluid pressure spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
including, in addition to the leaf-spring*, and apparatus
which utilizes a fluid medium to provide a resilient cushion
between the relatively moveable vehicle parts.
Subclass:
242
Including adjustment for spring loading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
including means by which the spring force exerted ton the
vehicle parts at a particular relative position of the parts
may be selectively varied.
Subclass:
243
And roller or bearing to accommodate deflection of spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
including structure which permits rolling or sliding contact
between the leaf-spring* element, or adjacent vehicle
structure.
Subclass:
244
Vertically spaced leaf springs (e.g., elliptic):
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
including a second discrete leaf-spring* spaced above the
first leaf-spring* with respect to the vehicle.
(1) Note. One spring must be located above or below the
other spring when the device is unstressed or in
equilibrium.
Subclass:
245
Having serially pivoted levers at end of spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
wherein the discrete link is pivotally connected to the
spring element, and a second discrete link is pivotally
connected to the first link and additionally to one of the
sprung vehicle parts.
Subclass:
246
Transverse leaf spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
wherein the longitudinal axis of the leaf-spring* is oriented
laterally with respect to the vehicle chassis.
Subclass:
247
Center acting or resiliently biased lever:
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Spring device
wherein either (a) the discrete link acts through a point
along the length of the leaf-spring which is closer to its
longitudinal center that an end thereof, or (b) the discrete
link or a separate element is formed of an elastically
deformable material to bias the link against the
leaf-spring*
Subclass:
248
Coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Spring Device
wherein the spring element comprises a coil-spring*.
Subclass:
249
Enclosed spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Device
including a housing which surrounds the spring element.
(1) Note. The "housing" may comprise one or more members
which collectively enclose the spring, and may serve some
additional purpose in addition to merely enclosing the
spring.
Subclass:
250
Plural coaxial coils in enclosure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Spring device
wherein a second coil-spring* is located within the housing,
and the longitudinal axes of the coils coincide.
Subclass:
251
Plural nontorsion coil springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Spring device
including a second coil-spring* element for cushioning
relative movement of the vehicle parts, wherein each of the
coil-spring elements is deflected axially upon relative
movement of the vehicle parts.
Subclass:
252
Coaxial:
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Spring device
wherein the two coil-spring* elements have the some
longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
253
Differentially deflected by lever:
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Spring device
wherein the discrete link causes simultaneous deflection of
both coil-spring* elements in unequal amounts for a giver
displacement of said link.
Subclass:
254
Quadrilateral suspension:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Spring device
including four rigid links pivoted together to form a
four-sided polygon, wherein the relatively moving parts of
the vehicle are connected to different links and one link
serves as the "lever" connected to the spring element,
whereby relative movement between the vehicle parts causes
the shape of the polygon to change.
(1) Note. Typically, the links comprise the upper and lower
control arms, the wheel axle support, and the vehicle
chassis, and the arrangement is applied between a vehicle
wheel and chassis as an "independent suspension".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 for a quadrilateral vehicle suspension which includes a
shock absorber and coil-springs.
Subclass:
255
Including adjustment for spring loading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Spring device
including means by which the spring force exerted on the
vehicle parts at a particular relative position of the parts
may be varied.
Subclass:
256
Fluid spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Spring device
which utilizes a compressible fluid to resiliently cushion
the vehicle parts, wherein the discrete link is employed to
transmit relative motion of the vehicle parts to a surface
bearing against the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64.11 for other fluid springs adapted for use in vehicles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve a fluid spring device or
element; subclasses 6.15+ for a general utility land vehicle
including means, interposed between a vehicle body, chassis,
or frame and running gear thereof, for altering height or
levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame which may or
may not involve a fluid spring device or element; subclass 79
for a general utility wheeled land vehicle provided with
springs between the wheel or wheels and the load-support,
noting the search notes provided therein; subclasses 124.1+
for a general utility wheeled land vehicle running gear
suspension arrangement which may or may not involve a fluid
spring device or element, especially subclasses 124.157+
which are directed to a residual fluid suspension (in
accordance with industry and mechanical engineering
convention, a fluid shock absorber, per se, is not deemed a
fluid suspension device for subclasses 124.157+ since it does
not normally support any weight but merely retards the extent
of motion provided by a spring device attempting to distort
or return to its undeflected condition); or subclasses 275+
or 283+ for a general utility occupant propelled-type wheeled
land vehicle including yielding framework or running gear
which may or may not involve a fluid spring device or element
(it is noted that in accordance with the (2) Note of Class
280, subclass 200, motorcycle frames and running gear,
without features causing classification in Class 180, Motor
Vehicles, are included in these subclasses). Patents
classified in this class (Class 267) as originals may include
vehicle parts directly related to vehicle suspension (e.g.,
fluid damper, upper or lower control arm) and vehicle parts
which are nominally recited as either a reference or mounting
structure for the spring.
Subclass:
257
Elastomeric spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Spring device
wherein the spring element is formed of rubber or a material
which exhibits similar characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, subclasses 560+ for a resilient support, and
see the subclass 560 definition or a statement of the line.
Subclass:
258
Annular or spherical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Spring device
wherein the spring element is either in the form of a
cylindrical ring or a sphere.
Subclass:
259
Compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
having individual diverse spring elements each of which
serves to cushion relative movement between parts of the
vehicle.
(1) Note. The original basis of classification in this and
indented subclasses was by total disclosure rather than by
claimed disclosure; i.e., if a claimed spring element was
specifically intended to be used in combination with a
leaf-spring, the leaf-spring is considered to be part of the
device for classification purposes, even though not actually
claimed.
(2) Note. An elastomeric or rubber bushing employed to
mount a spring element in most cases is not considered to be
an "individual" spring element itself, particularly where its
cushioning effect is negligible when compared with the spring
element itself. However, where the disclosure clearly
indicates or implies a cushioning effect upon the vehicle
parts, an elastomeric or rubber element has been considered
to be a separate spring element proper for classification in
these subclasses. Analogously, a torsion tube assembly
comprising a steel torsion rod with a surrounding elastomeric
or rubber sleeve to cushion the vehicle parts is not
considered to be diverse spring elements for classification
in these subclasses, but rather has been deemed an individual
torsion spring proper for this class (267), subclasses 273+,
provided later in the class schedule.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for a compound spring, one element of which is a
piston-type fluid spring.
143 for a compound spring employed in a cushion for human
comfort (e.g., seat cushion).
subclasses 151+ for a compound spring of general utility.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 124.1 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement
which may or may not involve plural spring devices or
elements, especially subclasses 124.162+ which are directed
to a residual fluid suspension combined with a mechanical
spring device or element or subclass 124.165 which is
directed to a combination of plural, diverse mechanical
spring devices or elements; or subclasses 275+ or 283+ for a
general utility occupant propelled-type wheeled land vehicle
including yielding framework or running gear which may or may
not involve plural spring devices or elements (it is noted
that in accordance with the (2) Note of Class 280, subclass
200, motorcycle frames and running gear, without features
causing classification in Class 180, Motor Vehicles, are
included in these subclasses).
Subclass:
260
Having specific end connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 36.1. Spring device
wherein significance is attributed to the particular
structure used to attach and end of the leaf spring to part
of the vehicle.
(1) Note. Cantilever springs are excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for a leaf-spring combined with an elastomeric spring
which is disclosed as having a cushioning effect upon the
vehicle parts.
subclasses 229+ for a leaf-spring having and end connection
in the form of a lever for applying stress to the spring.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
403, Joint and Connections, appropriate subclasses for a
connection between the end of a spring and another member and
including only as much of the spring as is necessary to
effect the connection.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 582
for a metallic intermediate article or blank which is
provided with an outward flange.
Subclass:
261
For elliptic spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the spring element comprises two distinct bowed
leaf-springs* joined together at each end to form an
ellipse.
Subclass:
262
Sliding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the connecting structure constrains the end of the
spring element to relative transnational motion with respect
to the connecting structure or the vehicle part to which it
is connected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
243 for a lever-actuated leaf-spring and a bearing or roller
to accommodate deflection of the spring element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclasses 362+ for a hinge
which allows relative translation of the hinged member.
Subclass:
263
Including spring for biasing pivotal connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the connection structure swingably connects the
leaf-spring to the vehicle, and a resilient element in
addition to the connecting structures is provided and acts
between the end of the leaf-spring and the connecting
structure of vehicle part.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 259+ for an end connection in the form of a
diverse-type spring.
Subclass:
264
Including threaded or grooved bearing surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the connecting structure includes a first apertured
element in which pivots a second element, wherein the
apertured element and the exterior of the second element are
provided with cooperating threads or otherwise grooved or
ridged surfaces to restrict relative sliding movement between
the two elements.
Subclass:
265
Including spring position adjustment or geared connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
where in the connecting structure includes either (a) means
to selectively fix the leaf-spring* in any one of a plurality
of relative position with respect to the part of the vehicle
to which it is connected, or (b) a first rotary member having
teeth which mesh with teeth formed on a second relatively
movable member, whereby relative motion between the
leaf-spring* and vehicle part causes relative movement
between the toothed members.
Subclass:
266
Universal joint:
Spring device under subclass wherein the connecting structure
permits relative pivotal movement between the leaf-spring*
and the vehicle part to which it is connected, wherein the
pivotal movement occurs about two orthogonal axes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclasses 366+ for a hinge
which permits movement of hinged members about plural axes.
403, Joints and Connections, subclasses 52+ for
articulation axes.
Subclass:
267
Having rolling antifriction elements (e.g., ball bearing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the connecting structure includes a plurality of
discrete elements having a circular cross section and located
between relatively moving surfaces to eliminate friction
between the surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, appropriate subclasses for an antifriction
bearing (e.g., ball or roller bearing) and nominally claimed
spring and vehicle structure.
Subclass:
268
Having lubrication feature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
including means at the end connection to store or facilitate
the application of a friction reducing fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37.4 for a vehicle leaf-spring covering having a lubricant
reservoir or pad.
Subclass:
269
Including elastomeric material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
including a portion formed of rubber or a material which
exhibits similar characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for a leaf-spring combined with a rubber spring which is
employed to cushion the parts of the vehicle. The patents
classified in this subclass generally disclose a bushing
whose cushioning effect on the vehicle parts is negligible
compared with that of the leaf-spring (i.e., the bushing is
intended to impart "give" to leaf spring end about an axis).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, subclasses 220+ and 297 for nonmetallic
sleeves on liners for supporting the ends of an oscillating
rotary shaft.
Subclass:
270
Including tapered bushing or inner and outer sleeve for
cylindrical bushing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Spring device
wherein the connecting structure allows pivotal movement and
includes either a hollow conical or tubular elastomeric
element, the latter having contiguous relatively rigid
tubular elements along its inside and outside surfaces.
Subclass:
271
Including shackle pivoted to spring and to vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 260. Spring device
wherein the connecting structure includes a rigid link having
one end swingably connected to the end of the leaf-spring,
and the other end swingably connected to the part of
vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 229+ for a leaf-spring which is deflected by a
lever.
Subclass:
272
Flat spiral:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
which includes a coil-spring* element, all turns of which lie
in the same plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
199 for a vehicle suspension employing a flat spiral spring
to both resiliently cushion and dampen motion between the
vehicle parts.
Subclass:
273
Torsion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
wherein the spring element is subjected to a twisting force
about its central axis when the vehicle parts are relatively
displaced, and undergoing a resultant elastic deformation
about said axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 154+ for a torsion spring or general utility.
subclasses 188+ for a vehicle torque bar or tube-type
stabilizer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve a torsion spring device or
element; subclasses 6.15+ for a general utility land vehicle
including means, interposed between a vehicle body, chassis,
or frame and running gear thereof, for altering height or
levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame which may or
may not involve a torsion spring device or element; subclass
79 for a general utility wheeled land vehicle provided with
springs between the wheel or wheels and the load-support,
noting the search notes provided therein; or subclasses
124.1+ for a general utility wheeled land vehicle running
gear suspension arrangement which may or may not involve a
torsion spring device or element, especially subclass 124.107
which is directed to an antiroll or antisway suspension
including a sway or torsion bar, subclasses 124.116, 124.13,
124.137, 124.149, or 124.152 for a particular suspension
arrangement which includes a torsion rod stabilizer, or
subclasses 124.166+ for a torsion spring suspension
arrangement, per se.
464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts, subclass 97 for a coaxial
torsion bar coupling for a rotary shaft.
Subclass:
274
Quadrilateral suspension:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
including four rigid links pivoted together to form a
four-sided polygon, wherein the relatively moving parts of
the vehicle are connected to or serve as separate links,
whereby relative movement between the vehicle parts causes
the shape of the polygon to change.
(1) Note. Typically, the links comprise the upper and lower
control arms, the wheel axle support, and the vehicle
chassis, and the arrangement is applied to separate wheels as
an "independent suspension" system.
Subclass:
275
Helical torsion coil:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
wherein the spring element is in the form of a spiral lying
in the surface of a cylinder, and is subjected to a twisting
force about the axis of the cylinder to cushion the
relatively moving vehicle parts.
Subclass:
276
And separate elastomeric member (e.g., bushing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
including a member formed of rubber or a device which
exhibits similar characteristics, and which contributes at
most an insignificant cushioning effect upon the vehicle
parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 259+ for a torsion spring combined with an
elastomeric spring, each of which has a significant
cushioning effect upon the vehicle parts.
Subclass:
277
And adjustment for varying spring loading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
including means by which the spring force exerted on the
vehicle parts at a particular relative position of the parts
may be varied.
Subclass:
278
Screw threaded adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Spring device
wherein the means for varying the spring loading comprises
two contacting elements, one having a helically ribbed
surface which engages cooperating structure on the other
element, whereby relative rotation between the two elements
causes a corresponding change in spring loading.
Subclass:
279
Elastomeric torsion spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
wherein the spring element is formed of rubber or a material
which exhibits similar characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, subclasses 220+ and 297 for a nonmetallic
sleeve or liner for a rotary plain bearing.
464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts, appropriate subclasses for a
nonmetallic torsion spring coupling or housing for a rotary
shaft.
Subclass:
280
Plural axially spaced elastomeric elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Spring device
including a second discrete torsion spring element formed of
rubber or a material which exhibits similar characteristics
and which also serves to cushion relative movement between
the vehicle parts, wherein the two spring elements are spaced
apart along the torsion axis.
Subclass:
281
And attached inner and outer metallic sleeves:
This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Spring device
including an inner and an outer ring, each formed of metal
and fastened to the spring element in such a manner that the
spring element occupies an annular space defined between the
two rings.
Subclass:
282
Plural concentric elastomeric rings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Spring device
including a second discrete annular torsion spring element
which is formed of rubber or a material which exhibits
similar characteristics, wherein the central axes of the two
spring elements coincide, and one spring element is located
within the other.
Subclass:
283
Multilayer leaf:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
wherein the spring element comprises a plurality of
contiguous, superposed plates or bars which are subjected to
a twisting force about their length.
Subclass:
284
And housing enclosing spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
including a casing which substantially surrounds the spring
element.
Subclass:
285
Plural torsion spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Spring device
including a second spring element which is subjected to a
twisting force about its central axis when the vehicle parts
are relatively displaced, and undergoes a resultant elastic
deformation about that axis.
(1) Note. Patents claiming only one torsion spring and
showing an identical spring arrangement on another axle or
vehicle portion have not been included in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 259+ for a torsion spring used in combination
with a different-type spring.
Subclass:
286
Coil:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
wherein the spring element comprises a *coil-spring.
(1) Note. Patents having claims to the spring element
structure, per se, (e.g., cross section, composition) have
been classified in subclasses 166+ even if a generic
disclosure includes vehicle use.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 166+ for coil-spring element structure, per se.
Subclass:
287
Having stiffener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Spring device
including a device attached between the coils of the spring
element to increase the spring constant of the spring
element.
(1) Note. An additional coil-spring is not considered to be
a "stiffener" as defined above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
290 for a first coil-spring element having a second nested
coil spring element which serves to increase the spring
constant of the overall device.
Subclass:
288
Conical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Spring device
wherein the turns of the coil-spring* lie on the surface of a
cone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166.1 for a conical coil-spring which is not specifically
adapted for vehicle use.
subclasses 231+ for a vehicle spring device comprising a
conical coil-spring, a leaf-spring, and a lever through which
stress is applied to the leaf spring.
Subclass:
289
Plural coils:
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Spring device
including a second coil-spring* element for cushioning
movement between the vehicle parts.
Subclass:
290
Nested:
This subclass is indented under subclass 289. Spring device
wherein a substantial part of one of the spring element lies
within the other spring element.
Subclass:
291
Having guide rods extending through coils:
This subclass is indented under subclass 289. Spring device
wherein each of two coil-spring elements have a rigid bar or
tube located inside and oriented along or parallel to the
central axis of the coil, and which slidingly engages
cooperating structure attached to the other end of the coil
as the spring elements are compressed.
Subclass:
292
Elastomeric:
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Spring device
wherein the spring element which cushions relative movement
between the vehicle parts is formed or rubber or a material
which exhibits similar characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for an elastomeric spring of general utility.
183 for an elastomeric stabilizer.
subclasses 259+ for a compound spring including an
elastomeric spring.
subclasses 275+ for an elastomeric spring and lever
actuator.
subclasses 279+ for an elastomeric torsion spring.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, subclasses 220+ for an nonmetallic resilient
mounting for a plain rotary bearing, and subclass 297 for a
nonmetallic sleeve or liner for a plain rotary bearing.
Subclass:
293
Including central guide rod or tube through spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 292. Spring device
wherein the elastomeric spring element is provided with a
central opening through which an elongated bar or cylinder
extends, wherein the bar or cylinder is caused to slide along
cooperating structure during relative displacement of the
vehicle parts, thereby restricting movement of portions of
the spring device to the along the longitudinal axis of the
bar or cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 201+ for a similar device which includes a
friction retarder.
subclasses 219+ for a similar device which includes a fluid
retarder.
Subclass:
294
Having rigid spacer plate between plural elastomeric
segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 292. Spring device
wherein the spring element includes a relatively thin planar
member formed of a substantially nonresilient material and
attached between two adjacent elastomeric portions.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000