U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 266
METALLURGICAL APPARATUS
Class Definition:
This class provides for apparatus for: a) enriching metal
bearing ores, b) extracting metals from their source
materials, c) refining, purifying or otherwise treating
molten or liquefied metals where such treatment is not
elsewhere provided for, d) melting metals and e) establishing
desired physical or chemical properties in solid metal
objects, and for subcombinations peculiar to such apparatus.
This class also provides for methods of operating such
apparatus where not elsewhere provided for.
(1) Note. Patents issued prior to 1945 have not in all
instances been classified by their claimed disclosure so the
placement of these older patents does not necessarily
indicate lines of classification.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
While Class 266 provides for certain methods of operating
metallurgical apparatus, those patents which recite a step of
treating an ore or molten metal or of altering the parameters
effecting such a treatment, e.g., temperature, oxygen
content, will not be found in Class 266, unless such a method
is less comprehensive than the apparatus. The methods
provided for in Class 266 are merely of an operational nature
and contain no treatment steps. The order of superiority
among various metal, alloy, and metal stock areas and methods
of manufacture involving them is as follows:
(1) Class 419, Powder Metallurgy Processes.
(2) Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 22+, compositions
for treatment of solid metal.
(3) Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes,
Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder
Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclasses 300, 301, and 303+, gaseous, liquid or solid
treating compositions for liquid metal or charges, and
subclass 302, welding rod defined by composition.
(4) Class 75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes,
Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder
Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures,
subclasses 228+, consolidated metal powder compositions and
subclasses 255+, loose metal particulate mixtures.
(5) Class 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, claimed as
products.
(6) Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 95-122, 194-287,
and 500-714, in class schedule order, providing for certain
processes of treating solid or semi-solid metal by modifying
or maintaining the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical properties of metal, processes of
reactive coating of metal or processes of chemical-heat
removing (e.g., flame-cutting etc.) or burning of metal.
However, if metal casting, fusion bonding, machining, or
working is involved, there is a requirement of significant
heat treatment as described in the Class 148 class
definition.
(7) Class 148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 33+, barrier layer
stock material and subclasses 400+, stock.
(8) Class 75, subclasses 331+, processes of making solid
particulate alloys directly from liquid metal and subclasses
343+, processes of producing or purifying alloys in powder
form.
(9) Class 75, subclasses 10.1+ and 10.67, processes of making
alloys by electrothermic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic
processes.
(10) Class 420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, processes of
manufacture.
(11) Class 75, subclasses 330+, processes of making metal and
processes of treating liquid metals and liquid alloys and
consolidating metalliferous material.
(12) Class 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,
processes.
(13) Class 164, Metal Founding, subclasses 1+, processes.
(14) Class 266, Metallurgical Apparatus, subclasses 44+,
processes of operating metallurgical apparatus.
This list is not complete and may be added to as the proper
relationship of other areas as determined.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclasses 33+, for article assembly means
combined with means to metallurgically treat the assembled
article.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclass, for apparatus for contacting a solid with a gas not
elsewhere provided for: See especially subclasses 576+, for
fluidized beds of granular material where the fluidizing
agent is a treating gas.
65, Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclass, for processes
of or apparatus for glass working or treating.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclass, for a method or an
apparatus including a step of or a means for maintaining or
modifying the temperature of the work subjected to the metal
shaping operation where: (a) nominally recited means are
provided to alter the temperature of the work in some
unspecified manner, (b) specific heating means are provided
which merely condition the work to perfect the shaping, or
(c) nominal annealing means are provided where the annealing
is for the purpose of relieving work stresses or to
facilitate working.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for
consolidating metalliferous material, or extracting, refining
or melting metals. See Lines With Other Classes, above, for a
list of superiority of this and other metal, allow, and metal
stock areas. classes.
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation, per se (e.g., electrostatic precipitators, etc.).
Because Class 96 is subcombinational in character, the
combination of a metallurgical treating apparatus with a gas
separation means will be found in Class 266.
110, Furnaces, appropriate subclass, for furnaces of general
utility, especially subclasses 235+, for incinerators for the
disposal of waste material, which incinerators may have
structure to render a molten material, including metals,
disposable. Class 266 provides for furnaces specialized for
extracting a desired metallic constituent from a source of
such metal, which source could be waste material.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclasses 58+, for coating apparatus
combined with heating means for drying the coating or for
effecting a metallurgical treatment, e.g., annealing, of a
coated article or of an article which is about to be coated.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 6.6, for tuyeres
cooled by a liquid circulating in a closed path, see subclass
270 of this class (266) for a further statement of the line,
and subclass 7, for waste heat boilers, per se, or combined
with a nominally recited converter and for hoods which are
cooled by a liquid circulating in a closed path.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclass, for metal quenching apparatus, per se. See the
search note to 134 in subclass 114 of this class (266) for a
more complete statement of the line between the classes.
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
treating solid or semi-solid metal to modify or maintain the
internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or
chemical property of metal and appropriate subclasses for
processes of chemical-heat removing (e.g., flame cutting,
etc.) or burning (i.e., oxidizing) of a metal workpiece.
While Class 266 provides for certain methods of operating a
metallurgical apparatus, it does not provide for a combined
operation that includes subject matter proper for Class 148.
164, Metal Founding, appropriate subclass, for metallurgical
apparatus combined with metal casting means.
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses, especially 9.1+,
for air heaters and other heat exchange devices which
transfer heat in an indirect manner, that is through a body
or wall that physically separates the fluids, or which
employs a heat storing mass.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclass, for
conveyors or for conveyors combined with nominal treating
apparatus, Class 198 provides for cooling beds for metal
bars, including those beds which have means to turn the bars
while they are being conveyed to keep the bars straight,
provided no additional treating structure is claimed in more
than a nominal fashion.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, appropriate subclass, for
distilling apparatus not elsewhere provided for. See the
class definition of Class 202 for a statement of the line
between Class 202 and Class 266.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,
appropriate subclass, for nonchemical types of separation
employing the use of amalgams or magnet lines of force, and
subclass 11 and 182, for separating apparatus combined with
heating means.
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclass, especially
subclasses 50+, for electric heaters specialized to heat
metal objects. Patents which claim an electric heater
combined with a quenching device are placed as an original in
Class 266 and are cross-referenced into the appropriate
heater subclass in Class 219.
222, Dispensing, subclasses 591+, especially subclasses 592+
for ladles or tundishes used to dispense molten metals. Such
dispensing vessels may include means to treat the molten
metal where such a treatment is solely ancillary to and
supportive of the dispensing operation, e.g., spout heaters
to prevent clogging of the vessel outlet. If other treating
structure is provided, e.g., additional heater remote from
the outlet, or if the vessel is a metallurgical furnace, the
patent should be placed in this class (266).
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate
subclass, specially subclasses 132+, for lances, per se, and
for nozzles of general utility.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
appropriate subclass, especially subclasses 65+, for
comminuting or disintegrating means, per se, or combined with
heating means which do not effect a change in the chemical
nature of the material being treated.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, subclass 30, for methods of forming or repairing
furnace linings by shaping, e.g., molding, fluent refractory
material.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, for furnaces
having specific electric heating means, except as noted
below, or for such furnaces combined with such additional
treating structure, e.g., condensers, as is provided for in
Class 373. Class 266 takes patents having claims to electric
furnaces where no electric heating structure is recited and
where that structure would be useful in other types of
metallurgical furnaces. Class 266 also provides for
metallurgical furnaces having specific electric heating means
where additional means are recited for introducing reactant
materials, e.g., tuyeres.
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 147+ for the
combination of a chamber of a type utilized for a heating
function and material charging or discharging means therefor.
Specific furnace structure is included there (147+) only when
its sole purpose is to facilitate the movement of material to
or from the furnace.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclasses 255+
for apparatus not elsewhere provided for, for extracting
inorganic chemical elements or compounds from their source
material.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, appropriate subclass, especially subclass 222, for
means to shape or agglomerate particles of ore into pellets
or balls which may be combined with additional treating means
to improve or complete the shaping, e.g., heaters, other than
sintering or indurating means, which merely dry or harden the
shaped article, and subclass 78, for means to form and sinter
a mass of powdered metal.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
544+ for stock material which is all metal or has adjacent
metal components, especially subclasses 546+ for such
material containing metal particles.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for heating apparatus of
general utility. Class 432 also takes reheat furnaces which
elevate the temperature of a metal object to facilitate some
subsequent treatment of the object, e.g., bending, provided
that no means for providing or circulating a treating or
protecting gas is claimed. See the search note to Class 266
in the class definitions for Class 432 for a further
statement of the line between the two classes.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Methods
of operating metallurgical apparatus which are solely
directed to those steps of operating such an apparatus which
do not effect a chemical or physical change in the work being
treated.
(1) Note. Examples of the types of methods to be found
herein are methods of cooling a furnace or some part thereof,
a method of operating tuyeres in a certain sequence where no
metallurgical action is attributable to such an operation,
methods of plugging furnaces and like treating vessels not
elsewhere provided for, methods of tapping a vessel, etc.
(2) Note. Only those patents which contain claims to
methods not elsewhere provided for should be placed in this
or the indented subclasses as either an original or a
cross-reference.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for
methods of treating ores extracting, refining or melting
metals.
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
treating solid or semi-solid metal to modify or maintain the
internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or
chemical property of metal.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Method for
closing or opening apertures in the walls of metallurgical
apparatus.
(1) Note. An example of the type of process to be found
herein is a method of operating a mud gun to seal or plug a
blast furnace tap hole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 271+ for apparatus for plugging or tapping
apertures in metallurgical furnaces.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Method for
maintaining the temperature of a metallurgical apparatus or
some portion thereof within a desired range.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 190+ and 241, for metallurgical furnaces and
other treating apparatus having means to cool such furnaces
or apparatus.
270 for water cooled tuyeres, see search note to Class 122
contained therein.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Method for
operating short tubular means adapted to be mounted in wall
of a metallurgical apparatus for injecting fluents therein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 186+ and 218+, for tuyeres combined with
treating vessel structure.
subclasses 265+ for tuyere structure, per se.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including means for severing a metal or removing a portion
thereof with a flame by supplying an excess of oxygen to the
heated metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, for solid fuel burners, per se, and
particularly subclasses 260+ for torches which burn both
solid and liquid fuels.
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
chemical-heat removing (e.g., flame cutting, etc.) or burning
(i.e., oxidizing) of a metal workpiece.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclasses 11+ for a
process or means for forming a hole in the earth by directly
applying heat to fluidize or comminute the material forming
the earth, and particularly subclass 14 for such process or
apparatus in which the heat is produced by combustion in a
confined chamber having a restricted orifice.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, appropriate subclass, for welding
apparatus which apply heat to the members to be bonded
together.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate
subclass, for tips or nozzles which dispense combustibles
where no feature or structure is recited which specializes
the tip for cutting or burning.
431, Combustion, appropriate subclass, for a residual fuel
burner, per se.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device including
gas or liquid means for collecting or ensnaring refuse
material generated by the flame cutting of the workpiece.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device including
means for severing or removing a portion of a workpiece as it
emerges from a continuous casting facility.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
164, Metal Founding, subclass 263, for a continuous casting
apparatus combined with means to sever the cast workpiece.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
means are provided to cut defects from the face of a
workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 194+ for processes of
chemical-heat removing (e.g., flame cutting, etc.) or burning
(i.e., oxidizing) which includes desurfacing or gouging
operations utilizing said chemical-heat removing.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Device including
a multiplicity of cutting torches arranged such that their
flames concurrently impinge against plural faces of an
article to remove surface defects therefrom.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Device including
a means adapted to engage the face of the workpiece to
position the torch means a predetermined distance therefrom.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device including
a means adapted to sever a pipe-like article.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, subclasses 194+ for processes of
chemical-heat removing (e.g., flame cutting, etc.) or burning
(i.e., oxidizing) which includes traversely cutting metal
tubes utilizing said chemical-heat removing.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Device wherein
the torch supporting means is attached to the interior of the
tubular article.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Device including
means to propel the severing means over and around the
peripheral surface of the tubular article.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclasses 59+, for cutting implements which are
circumrotated about a workpiece.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Device including
means to revolve the tubular article about its longitudinal
axis.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device having
means for storing operating instructions which means cause
the cutting means to move in a predetermined path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 18.1, for
pattern-tracing devices.
82, Turning, subclasses 11+ and 55, for cutting implements
of the type provided for in that class combined with
pattern-control means.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 79+ for
a pattern-controlled milling machine, see the notes
thereunder for additional searches.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device wherein
the stored operating instructions are contained on a
ribbon-like memory.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 79+ for
a pattern-controlled milling machine, see the notes
thereunder for additional searches.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device wherein
the information storing means includes a planer surface
having a control pattern inscribed thereon and means are
provided to scan said surface to sense and follow the outline
of the pattern.
(1) Note. Examples of devices to be found herein are
devices having photoelectric or magnetic reading heads which
scan mechanical drawings to follow lines drawn thereon.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device including
means revolving the workpiece about an axis.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device including
a means for holding the cutting means having a plurality of
segments pivotally joined to one another.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Device having
plural arms pivotally interconnected for parallel movement.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device wherein
the information storing means includes a patterning cam which
is located above and out of contact with the piece to be
cut.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein a
lattice-type surface is provided which holds the article to
be cut against the effects of gravity.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
the torch includes means by which an operator can engage the
torch to manipulate and partially support the same and
wherein the supporting structure is adapted to travel upon
the surface of the work being cut.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
the cutting means is carried by a supporting means which is
provided with wheels.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Device including
a means adapted to engage the face of the workpiece to
position the blow pipe a predetermined distance therefrom.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Device wherein
the wheeled supporting means is adapted to extend across the
workpiece, having the supporting wheels engaging surfaces
adjacent to opposite sides of the workpiece.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device provided
with means constraining the cutting means to follow an
accurate path.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
the cutting means is provided with supporting structure which
is adapted to entirely rest upon and be exclusively sustained
by a surface of the work.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
the cutting means is supported on a projecting structure
which is supported at only one end.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Device wherein
the projecting structure is in turn carried by a mobile
mount.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein
means are provided to supply material which will enhance the
cutting operation.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Device wherein
the material supplied is in the form of discrete units of
hard matter.
(1) Note. Rod and bar feeders will be found herein,
likewise, means feeding a pulverulent or granular material
will also be found herein.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device including
means for controlling the position of the cutting means with
respect to the workpiece surface in response to variations in
the distance between the cutting means and said surface.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device including
means adapted to affix the cutting means to its supporting
means.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the treating apparatus is provided with means to
regulate the operation of the apparatus which means react to
means which perceive a characteristic or a change in a
characteristic of either the treated material or the treating
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 36+, for heating devices of general
utility having condition-responsive control structure
associated therewith.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the control means reacts to means measuring a characteristic
of a specimen taken from the work.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
a) the control means is responsive to means which determine
the chemical composition of the treated material or a
by-product of the treatment or b) information from the
sensors is fed to an information storage device wherein
additional information is determined which additional
information is then utilized to control the treatment.
(1) Note. Servomechanisms, i.e., automatic control devices
in which the output is constantly or intermittently compared
with the input through feedback so that the error or
difference between the two quantities can be used to bring
about the desired control, are classified with their
appropriate sensing devices.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
means are provided for the controlled addition of a solid,
liquid or gaseous substance to the treating apparatus, which
substance then reacts with the material contained therein.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
means are provided for proportioning the supply of a
multiplicity of streams based upon a condition sensed in any
of the streams or in the treating apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 87.01, for self-proportioning
or correlating fluid-handling systems.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to means which perceive the
amount or volume of the fluent flowing through the apparatus
in a given time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 100+, for fluid-handling
systems having means to sense differences between the rates
of flow in a plurality of correlated flow lines.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Device wherein
means are provided which are responsive to the perceived
humidity of one of the streams.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
means are provided for the control of a plurality of fluent-
supply means, each of which has a condition- responsive flow
regulating means therein, whereby the volume or flow rate of
each stream can be independently regulated in response to a
sensed condition.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device wherein
means are provided to control the attitude or displacement of
the means supplying the treating agent to the treating
apparatus, e.g., a lance height control apparatus.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to a variation in sensible
heat.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
appropriate subclass, for control systems employing
thermostats and other heat-responsive switches.
337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated
Switches, appropriate subclass, for temperature-responsive
switches.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 125 for a
radiation thermometer with fluid flow purging, and subclasses
139+ for a molten metal thermometer.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to the sensed temperature of
a fluid, e.g., gas, liquid, bath of molten metal.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to a variation in the force
per unit area existing within the treating apparatus or in
lines connected thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 700+, for
pressure-indicating devices.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses
81+, for switches that are responsive to fluid pressure.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the control means reacts to means sensing a physical,
chemical, or mechanical characteristic of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 45, for heating devices of general
utility having means to sense work movement, quality or
position.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to a) the mass of treated
material at a specified location on the treating apparatus or
b) the mass per unit volume of treated material at a
specified position in the treating apparatus.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to the attitude of the
treated material.
(1) Note. Devices wherein a sensor is used to sense the
height of material in a furnace are classified herein.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to the entrance or exit of
the treated material from a particular position in the
apparatus.
(1) Note. Devices which have means which sense the presence
of a workpiece which has been conveyed to the device and
which means actuate the device are classified herein.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Device wherein
the control means is responsive to means perceiving the
surface of a molten material in a container.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Device wherein
the surface- sensing means incorporates a buoyant-sensing
means.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the control means is provided with a) means for
storing coded instructions or other data necessary to
regulate the operation of the treating apparatus, b) means
repetitively regulating the sequence of operational steps
performed in or by the treating apparatus or, c) means for
determining the time at which an operation occurs or length
of time taken to perform such an operation.
(1) Note. The type of cyclic control to be found herein
includes limit switch arrangements of the interlock type
which control the sequence of operation based on the movement
of apparatus elements to specific locations, e.g., the
closing or opening of a door, the movement of a mud gun to an
advanced position, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 51, for heating devices of general
utility having timing, programming or cyclic control means;
further see the search notes attached to subclass 51 for
additional search areas.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Device wherein
the control means is provided with means for controlling the
time at which an operation occurs or the length of time in
which said operation is performed.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 97. Device wherein
the timer includes a rotatable, cylindrical or circular
member and an associated information pick-up means, which
member is provided with means storing the information
necessary to control the operation of the apparatus such that
control signals are generated through the interaction of the
rotated member and the associated pick-up means.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means are provided which a) automatically make a
permanent record of selected events occurring during the
operation of said device, b) display information concerning
the condition of the device or a material therein, c) provide
for the examination of selected portions of the device or
material therein, or d) gauge or otherwise determine a
physical, chemical, or electrical characteristic or property
of the device or material therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 32, for heating devices of general
utility having indicating, illuminating or inspection means;
for additional search areas, see the search notes attached to
the subclass definition of subclass 32.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Device wherein
means are provided for the visual examination of a portion of
the device.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein a means for extracting a metal from an ore or
concentrate is provided having first means for contacting the
ore or concentrate with a suitable solvent, and second means
for rendering the dissolved metal insoluble in its carrier
solvent.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 711+ for producing
metal using nonmetallic material which is liquid under
standard conditions
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 177+, for
purification or separation of general utility with the
addition of heat and additional fluid for treatment and
subclasses 198.1+, for liquid purification or separation with
means to add an additional treating material.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclasses 255+
for leaching apparatus.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein either a) a plurality of discrete articles are joined
together so as to form an uninterrupted supply or b) an
object of indeterminate length is fed into a zone wherein the
articles or object is operated on to enhance the physical,
metallurgical or chemical properties thereof.
(1) Note. Devices which are solely disclosed for annealing
or patenting of a continuous strip, rod, sheet or web of
metal are classified in Class 266.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 65, 67 and 68 for means to
anneal or temper a running length of metal combined with
means to apply a metallic coating to the running length,
e.g., galvanizing.
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
treating a running length of solid or semi-solid metal to
modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical property of metal.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses, for method of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
432, Heating, subclass 8, for a process including passing a
continuous strip longitudinally through a heating zone and
subclass 59, for heating apparatus having advancing structure
flexing, looping or coiling a sheet, web or strand. See the
search notes to the class definition of Class 432 for a more
complete statement of the line between these classes.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device wherein
means are provided to elevate the temperature of the object
being treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, subclass 155, for electric-heating
means specialized to treat material of indeterminate length.
432, Heating, subclasses 59+, for heating means of general
utility specialized to treat a running length of material.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
a plurality of electrical contacts physically bear against
the object to be treated and the object is heated by passing
an electric current through that portion of the object
located between the contacts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, subclasses 50+, especially subclass
71, for electric-heating means which heat bypasses current
directly through the body to be heated.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the object being treated consists of a multiplicity of
individual units or blanks which are fastened together by
removable clips, or the like, to form a continuous composite
article for treatment.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the object being treated is formed into looped coils which
lie in a substantially horizontal plane.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the heating means comprises a body of molten material, e.g.,
lead bath or salt bath.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
120 for apparatus which contacts discrete solid metal
objects with a molten material.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the object is heated by passing it through a heated
receptacle having means therein to maintain the object out of
direct contact with any source of heat or gases evolved
thereby.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the heated object is further treated by physically contacting
it with a solid object which is at a lower temperature than
the heated object.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
means are provided to introduce, maintain, or generate a
particular gaseous atmosphere within a chamber wherein an
object is treated.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Device wherein
the heated object is further treated by the application of a
liquid or gaseous medium to the object.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 121+ for means to heat a metal object and
contact the object with a liquid.
subclasses 251+ for means to heat a metal object and
contact the object with a gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, subclass 122,
for apparatus for contacting a running length of work with a
liquid.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the fluid medium is a body of liquid, e.g., water or oil.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the fluid medium is a projected liquid.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein an apparatus is provided for treating either a
metallic article or a metal bearing ore which is in a
hardened form by applying a liquid thereto.
(1) Note. The term "solid" as used herein includes within
its purview granular or pulverulent material which is
composed of discrete solid particles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for cleaning
and liquid contact apparatus of the type stated below as
going to Class 134, where a brush, wiper, scraper, suction,
or gas blast cleaning means or a squeegee is part of the
combination.
118, Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, for apparatus
for coating metal work including apparatus for performing a
coating process in which a chemical reaction occurs.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for solid metal
cleaning and pickling processes, per se, i.e., not combined
with any other solid-metal treating operations. This class
also has apparatus for cleaning and pickling solid metal
combined with such means for handling or operating upon the
solid metal as are necessary for the cleaning or pickling
operations. Class 266 has apparatus for heating solid metal
by contact with molten solids for heat treating the solid
metal, Class 134 having no apparatus disclosed for this
purpose. Class 134 also has apparatus for contacting solid
metals with liquid for other purposes (as quenching) where
the means claimed pertain to the applying of the liquids and
only such means for manipulating or handling of the solid
metal as are required to present the metal to, move or
support it during, and/or remove it from the means that
applies the liquids. Apparatus involving, in addition to the
cleaning or liquid-contact means, means for the purpose of
preventing warping, straightening, forming by any
manufacturing means (note stretching below) or separate
heating, is considered to be beyond the scope of Class 134
and is in Class 266. Separating material from solid metal by
heating only (as distinguished from the application of
liquids which liquids may be heated) has not been placed in
Class 134, but remains in Class 266 or other appropriate
heating class. In the case of strip or strand material,
Class 134 has apparatus which involve means for uncoiling,
coiling, or temporarily distorting the material to feed
and/or discharge such material during the cleaning or liquid
contact operation, and also has means to stitch (as by
welding, for example) or otherwise fasten one piece to
another to make the operation continuous with or without
means to subsequently cut the material into sections.
Further, apparatus for contacting only certain areas of a
metal body with a liquid to selectively harden the body will
be found in this class (266).
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
quenching or utilizing liquid contact with metal to modify or
maintain the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical property of metal.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device
including means to alter the configuration of the object to
be treated prior to or during the liquid contact.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 38, 39 and 46, for gas or
liquid contact with a metal prior to plastically shaping it,
for the purpose of protecting, cleaning or coating the metal
and subclass 201, for deforming rollers with cooling means.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device wherein
the object having its configuration altered is an elastic
body.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device
including means for constraining the object being treated to
prevent any unwanted deformation thereof which might result
from the liquid contact.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Device wherein
the constraining means is configured to retain castellated
cylindrical bodies.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Device wherein
means are provided to increase the temperature of the treated
article thereby enhancing the grain structure and reducing
stress within the treated article, (e.g., tempering).
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device wherein
the contacting apparatus includes a tank containing a liquid
made from melted normally solid matter, e.g., salts.
(1) Note. Molten material, as used herein, is limited to a
material which is in the solid state under standard
atmospheric condition of pressure and temperature, which
material is liquefied by an altering of one or both of these
conditions, e.g., heating a mass of salt to fuse the same.
Thus a bath composed of a material which is normally a liquid
under standard atmospheric conditions, e.g., mercury, oil,
water, is not found herein unless combined with a molten
material bath.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for treatment of
solid or semi-solid metal to modify or maintain the internal
physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical
property of metal or for processes of reactive coating of
metal. Particularly, see subclasses 631+ or 711 of Class
148 for use of a fused molten material to treat the metal.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device further
including means to raise the temperature of the work prior
to, during or after the work has been contacted with the
liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261 for heating a solid metal object by flame contact
heating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, appropriate subclasses for processes of
heating or cooling of metal to modify or maintain the
internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or
chemical property of the metal.
219, Electric Heating, subclasses 50+, for electric heaters
specialized to heat metals.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the heating means and the liquid-contact means are
particularized to operate on metal bearing matter to remove
unwanted constituents from said matter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for
methods of heating an ore and subsequently contacting said
ore with a liquid.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the heating means is configured to pass into or through a
cavity or passage formed in the article to be treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, subclasses
166+, for liquid contact of a solid workpiece having hollows
or passages.
219, Electric Heating, subclass 59.1, for electric-heating
means specialized to heat metallic workpieces of cylindrical
configuration.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the heating means is specialized to effect heating of only
certain zones on the surface of the article to be treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 210+, 627 and
639+ for processes of localized or zone heating of solid or
semi-solid metal to modify or maintain the internal physical
structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of
metal.
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclass, for
electric-heating means specialized to heat metal in selected
areas.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Device wherein
the heating means is particularized to effect heating
selected areas on the surface of objects having a nonuniform
or a discontinuous surface or profile.
(1) Note. Examples of objects having nonuniform or
discontinuous surfaces are valve cams, spur or helical gears,
racks, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 559+ for
treatment of solid or semi-solid metal to modify or maintain
the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or
chemical property of metal.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Device wherein
the heating means is specialized for heating power
transmission elements which have castellated power
transmitting surfaces, and wherein the heating means has a
profile allowing it to be inserted between adjoining
castellations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclass 573 and 586 for
processes of treating solid or semi-solid metal gears to
modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical property of metal.
219, Electric Heating, subclass 640, for induction-heating
means specialized to heat gears.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the heating and the fluid-contact means either are formed as
a single treating member or are so closely juxtaposed that
they constitute a unitary treating member.
(1) Note. An example of unitized structures to be found
herein is heating torch having a supply outlet for a
quenching fluid formed therein.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the heat to treat the material is produced by a current
passing through a conductive medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclass, especially
subclasses 50+, for electric- heating means specialized to
heat metal.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Device wherein
the heating means include means to impress a fluctuating
magnetic field across the workpiece to be treated which field
causes current to pass through and heat said workpiece.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device wherein
the means for contacting the work with a liquid includes a
receptacle which confines a body of liquid into which the
work is dipped or immersed.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Device wherein
means are provided for 1) generating a current within the
liquid body or 2) adding, removing or otherwise changing the
heat content of the liquid body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, subclasses
105+, for a means of general utility for contacting a solid
with a liquid including heating, cooling, or heat-exchange
means.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Device wherein
a vertically moving support is provided, which support
partakes of a generally straight up and down motion to lower
the work into and subsequently raise it out of the bath.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Device wherein
means are provided for conveying the work through the body of
liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclass, for
conveyors of general utility.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Device wherein
the apparatus is so arranged or additional means are provided
to insure that the liquid contact with the object to be
treated will be restricted to only a certain pre-established
section of said object.
(1) Note. Means to mask the surface of the object to be
contacted so that only certain areas will have liquid applied
thereto are found herein.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means are provided for (a) removing accumulations of
unwanted material which are deposited on or in the device
during the operation of same or (b) the introduction of an
anti-friction agent, e.g., oil, into or on the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 75, for a heating means of general
utility having a means for cleaning the heating means.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Device wherein
means are provided for removing unwanted accumulations from a
fluid nozzle, e.g., tuyere punches.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means to break up or reduce the size of an individual
unit of hard matter.
(1) Note. Included within the definition of an individual
unit are a solid metal object, a sintered mass and the
individual particle of a granular mass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
appropriate subclass, for comminuting or disintegrating
apparatus, per se, and for comminuting combined with heating
where no chemical change to the material heated occurs.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means to elevate the temperature of a gas or vapor
supplied to a treating vessel prior to the entry of the gas
into the treating zone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclass, for a heat
exchange, per se, particularly subclasses 4+, for a
regeneration-type heat exchanger.
432, Heating, subclass 40, for the automatic control of a hot
blast stove; subclasses 78+, wherein combustion feed air
cools existing work by contact; subclass 84, wherein
combustion feed air cools the furnace wall; subclasses 179+,
wherein the furnace exhaust heats the furnace feed air;
subclasses 214+, for a hot blast stove, per se, and
subclasses 219+, for a residual gas heater, per se.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device
including means adapted to receive and retain heat energy and
thereafter give up said energy to a gas flowing therepast to
raise the temperature of the gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
165, Heat Exchange, subclasses 4+, for heat-storage devices,
such as checker bricks, per se.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for general utility
furnaces combined with heat-storage means, especially
subclasses 214+, for heat storage means combined with a heat
generator.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device wherein
the means to elevate the temperature of the gas includes
means in addition to the heating means for the treating
vessel for producing heat energy by a chemical reaction,
e.g., combustion, or by the transformation of some other form
of energy into heat energy, e.g., electric resistance-type
heaters.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device wherein
the means to elevate the temperatures of the incoming gas
includes means physically separated from the treating vessel
which means effects a transfer of heat from a material at a
relatively high temperature to the relatively cool incoming
gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclass, for indirect
heat-exchange structure.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein a) a work-processing device is related either to some
feature of the earth or to a definable building feature,
e.g., a hall, or b) a plurality of such devices are arranged
so as to form a specific machinery layout.
(1) Note. Examples of limitations that are indicative of
geos:graphic features or structural installations are: pits,
bays, corridors, plural working levels, etc.
(2) Note. Merely positioning one device above another so
that gravity flow between the devices is effected is not
considered to constitute a specific machinery layout.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 161+ for apparatus performing diverse
metallurgical operations, e.g., metal extracting and
refining.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Device wherein
the structural or geos:graphic installation is provided with
a means for treating a molten metal having a support means
which mounts the treating means for movement from one
location to another within the installation.
(1) Note. Examples of a traveling support are cranes, wheel
vehicles, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for a metallurgical apparatus which includes a
vehicle-mounted receptacle.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the metallurgical apparatus is provided with means
for a) removing fumes and the like from the apparatus b)
conditioning such fumes to either remove valuable components,
e.g., gaseous mercury or render the fumes less objectionable
to the environment, e.g., pollution abatement devices, or c)
to extract heat energy from the fumes.
(1) Note. While apparatus to condense metallic vapors
within a vacuum will be found herein, apparatus to remove
entrained gases from a mass of molten metal by subjecting at
least a portion of the mass to a vacuum is not considered to
be a fume handling or treating means since such gases do not
normally "evolve" by themselves from the molten mass. Such
apparatus thus will not be found in this or the indented
subclasses.
(2) Note. A nominally recited flue or a nominal flue and
damper combination is not considered to be a fume-handling
means and thus will not be found herein. Further, a mere
windbox or a nominal windbox and blower combination used in
conjunction with an ore- sintering apparatus is not
considered to be a fume-handling means for this subclass.
Such patents have been placed on the features of the
particular treating apparatus with which they are
associated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 207+ for vacuum-degassing apparatus for molten
metals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 66, 67+, and 72, for a heating means
of general utility having means for treating or handling the
exhaust gas.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
the gas handling or treating means are specialized to receive
fumes from a furnace adapted to rotate through more than 360
degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
173 for a rotary drum ore treating or metal extracting
furnace.
213 for a revolving-drum type furnace for melting metal or
treating a molten metal.
244 for a Bessemer-type treating vessel mounted to revolve
about its longitudinal axis.
248 for a horizontal, rotatable, cylindrical metal melting
or molten metal treating means which oscillates about its
longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device
including means specialized to commingle or otherwise
encounter the fumes with a nonmetallic liquid medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate subclass,
for apparatus of general utility for contacting a gas with a
liquid.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Device wherein
the commingling means is a shower of liquid through which the
fumes flow.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device
including means specialized to receive vaporized material and
cause said vaporized material to undergo a phase change to
the solid or liquid state.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
202, Distillation: Apparatus, appropriate subclass, for
distilling apparatus other than that used to condense metal.
432, Heating, subclass 66, for a heating means of general
utility with a condenser for work chamber vapor.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
said phase change is effected within a vacuum environment.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
means are provided to hurl molten metal into the path of the
evolved gas to condense metallic vapors contained therein.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
the material from which the vapor is generated is caused to
flow in a descending stepped path.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
the vaporized material gives up its heat of vaporization to a
body of liquid which is physically separated therefrom by a
structural member, e.g., a wall, a tube, etc.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
a heating means is provided which is adapted to contain and
externally heat a vessel which holds a discrete charge of
material to be treated and wherein means are mounted on and
carried by the vessel to liquefy or solidify vapors evolved
in the vessel.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Device wherein
the vapors are evolved from an elongated chamber the major
axis of which is substantially perpendicular to the horizon
and through which the vapor generating material is moved by
the effects of gravity.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device
including means specialized to remove heat from the evolved
gas by means of an indirect heat exchanger.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 7, for apparatus
for capturing the waste heat of industrial devices.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
a portion of the evolved gas is returned to the metallurgical
apparatus.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
the fume treating or handling means includes means to remove
particulate matter suspended in the exhausting fumes from the
fumes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation, per se.
432, Heating, subclasses 67+, for means separating solid
particle or slag from work chamber gas.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
the gas- handling means includes an inverted, generally
funnel-shaped fume collecting member which is disposed above
and in unattached, juxtaposed relation with the metallurgical
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 7, for apparatus
for capturing the waste heat of industrial devices.
454, Ventilation, subclasses 49+, for hood and off-take
structure.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Device wherein
the gas handling means includes fume conducting means
connected to the fume outlet of a metallurgical apparatus
which conducting means conveys the fumes away from said
apparatus.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
a) including means in addition to the basic metallurgical
apparatus for performing some additional nonmetallurgical
operation or for perfecting the operation of the basic
metallurgical apparatus or b) which can by an addition,
removal or rearrangement of one or more of its parts be
caused to have a different mode or condition of operation.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
comprising a means to treat an ore or other metal bearing
material to remove a metal therefrom combined with additional
means to purify or otherwise treat the removed metal.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Device wherein
a distinct region or chamber is provided within which the
metal purification or treatment occurs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
212 for refining means having a separate metal melting
zone.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Device
including an extracting or refining means adapted to revolve
about it longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Device wherein
the means to extract the metal comprises a treating chamber
within which the temperature of the material to be treated is
elevated and the longitudinal axis of which is generally
normal to the horizon.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the metallurgical apparatus includes a vehicle
mounted receptacle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 142+ for geos:graphic or structural
installations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 238.1, for special car
bodies for carrying molten metal or slag.
432, Heating, subclass 88, for a heater assembly having a
wheel-, handle- or skid-type support.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein a means to treat a metalliferous or a metallic
material is provided with a separate additional substantially
nonambulant storage receptacle or a separate additional
ambulant storage receptacle adapted to be attached to the
treating means, which receptacles receive molten material
from the treating means and store said molten material prior
to its delivery to a point of use.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a receptacle specialized to contain a thermit
mixture while the mixture reacts to form a molten mass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclass 959, for a process of
thermit type reduction and treatment.
164, Metal Founding, subclasses 53+, for a process of molding
a metal object with in situ reactive heating.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means to a) concentrate and enrich the metalliferous
material or b) liberate metal from the metalliferous
material.
(1) Note. The term "ore" as used herein may include other
than naturally occurring sources, e.g., waste photos:graphic
solutions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses, for
processes of treating ore or extracting a metal.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Device wherein
means are provided for contacting a metal bearing material
with mercury such that the metal is drawn from said material
by the mercury.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, subclass
12.1 and 174+, for processes and apparatus for separating by
nonchemical means or procedure, e.g., magnet, amalgamating
from liquid suspensions.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Device
including means for rendering a metallic element insoluble in
its liquid environment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for an apparatus for leaching and subsequently
precipitating a metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses, for a
process of precipitating a metal from a solution.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses 194+
for electrolytic apparatus (e.g., specialized for
electrolytic precipitation of metal, etc.).
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses
for electrolytic precipitation of metal.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Device having
means to raise the temperature of metalliferous material.
(1) Note. Those furnaces which are alternately usable to
melt metal or to treat ore will be found herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclass, for
processes of treating ore or extracting metal.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for treating furnaces of
general utility.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
means are provided for introducing a gas into the heating
chamber so that the solid material within said chamber is
maintained in a fluent condition while it undergoes
treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclasses
576+, for an apparatus for conveying treated material by
means of a fluid current.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for
treating ores in gaseous suspension.
432, Heating, subclass 58, for a fluidized bed in a furnace
of general utility.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
the heating means includes a barrel-like receptacle within
which the work is placed, which receptacle is mounted to
continuously revolve about its longitudinal axis while the
work is being heated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 for fume-handling means combined with rotary drum-type
furnaces.
163 for rotary furnaces adapted to extract and refine a
metal.
subclasses 178+ for revolving annular-load-supporting
grates.
213 for rotary melting or refining vessels.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 103+ for rotary drum furnaces of
general utility. For further searches, see the search notes
for subclass 103.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device having
means a) to prevent a dangerous or potentially dangerous
operating condition from occurring within the treating means
or b) to protect operating personnel from injury.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
a distinct compartment or receptacle is provided within which
the temperature of the material to be treated by the heating
means is elevated prior to its entry into the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 163+, for furnaces of general
utility having plural structurally-related work chambers.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
the heating means is provided with means to supply a charge
of fuel, flux or ore thereto, which supplied material is in a
solid form, or means to convey or propel the charge within
the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclass, for
conveyors of general utility.
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 150+ for the
combination of a chamber of a type utilized for a heating
function and a driven device, and/or an inclined flow path to
carry or convey material into, within, and out of the
chamber, and subclasses 160+ for such a chamber and the
charging, in general, thereof.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
means are provided within the heating means for propelling or
conveying the work undergoing treatment through said heating
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclass, for
conveyors of general utility.
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 159+ and 160+
as discussed in the reference to that class in subclass 176
above, and see particularly subclasses 153 and 166 of the
respective areas.
432, Heating, subclasses 121+, for an apparatus having means
by which work is mechanically moved through a heating device
of general utility.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the means for moving the charge through the treating zone
comprises a mobile charge supporting surface which surface is
perforated to allow air or combustion gases to pass
therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
159 for a traveling-grate means combined with gas offtake
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 136+, for apparatus having means by
which work is mechanically moved through a heating device of
general utility.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Device wherein
means are provided at the junction between said mobile charge
supporting surface and the heating means to prevent the
ingress of atmospheric air into the heating zone or the
escape of gas from the heating zone.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Device wherein
the mobile supporting surface is composed of plural
unconnected moving cars which follow closely adjacent each
other to form a moving support for the charge material.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Device wherein
the heating means has a plurality of shelves disposed one
above the other and the moving means conveys the charge from
one shelf to the next adjacent lower shelf in a zigzag
fashion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 129+, for a means for cascading work
through a furnace of general utility.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
the propelling means comprises means for entraining the
charge material in a moving stream of fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for a tuyere means for introducing diverse material into
a molten metal treating means.
267 for a tuyere specialized for simultaneously feeding
diverse material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses, for a
process of treating molten metal with combined solid and
gaseous treating agents.
110, Furnaces, subclasses 261+ and 263+, for an apparatus
for burning fine fuel in suspension in a furnace of general
utility.
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current, appropriate subclass, for an
apparatus for conveying solids in fluid suspension.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
means are provided for propelling the charge material to be
treated into the heating zone.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Device wherein
the charge- feed means includes a storage chamber having a
discharge port in the bottom thereof which port is closed by
a valve member which is movable axially of said passage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
414, Material or Article Handling, subclass 170, 201+, and
204+ for the combination of a chamber of a type utilized for
a heating function and a material charging means therefor,
and wherein the means includes a device of the bell and
hopper type.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
the heating means includes a work-supporting surface which
surface is perforated to allow air or combustion gas to pass
therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
159 for grate structure combined with gas offtake means.
279 for apparatus which supports the work material on a
grate member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclasses 267+ for a progressive feed-grate
means in a furnace of general utility.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclasses 371+ for a
water-cooled grate means.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 152+ for grates for
use in stoves and furnaces.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Devices
including a means for introducing a gas, liquid, or
combination thereof to the interior of the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 218+ for a tuyere means for feeding fluid into a
molten metal treating means.
subclasses 265+ for tuyere structure, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclass 182.5, for a tuyere means for a
furnace of general utility.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 6.6 for a
tuyere having a closed water-cooling system.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Device
including means to control the volume of flow of the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ for a control means responsive to a sensed
condition which correlates a flow of diverse fluents.
223 for a control means for a tuyere combined with a
molten-metal treating means.
266 for a tuyere means combined with a flow-control means.
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Device
including means to comingle two or more fluids for injection
into the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 221+ for a tuyere for feeding diverse material
into a molten-metal treating means.
267 for a tuyere for simultaneously feeding diverse
material.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Device
including means for supplying a cooling medium to the
fluid-feeding means to maintain the temperature of said
feeding means within acceptable limits.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclass 182.5, for a cooled tuyere means for
a furnace of general utility.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 6.6 for a
tuyere having a closed water cooling system.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device
including means for maintaining the temperature of the
heating means structure at a safe operating level.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for a means to cool a metal melting or molten-metal
treating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclass 355 for means-cooling
glass manufacturing apparatus.
165, Heat Exchange, subclasses 47+ for a heat exchanger
installed in a disparate device; subclasses 58+ for heating
and cooling of the same device; and subclass 134.1 for a heat
exchanger with protective means.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass for means cooling a
furnace of general utility.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device for
maintaining the temperature of a delivery opening or
structure associated therewith within acceptable limits.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the temperature of a specific portion of the heating means is
maintained within acceptable limits by applying a cooling
medium thereagainst, as for example, by flowing the medium
over or impinging the medium against said portion.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Device wherein
the temperature is maintained within acceptable limits by a
cooling medium flowing through a heat-exchange member
contained within the wall or base structure of the heating
means.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Device
including means enabling easy insertion or extraction of the
heat-exchange member.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device wherein
the heating means is provided with delivery means for drawing
off the material treated within the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
191 for means for cooling a material- discharge means.
236 for converters and other molten metal treating or
holding vessels with specific discharge structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 209+ and 216
for the combination of a chamber of a type utilized for a
heating function and either a driven device, or a gravity
arrangement, respectively, for the discharge of material from
the chamber.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, especially subclass 157,
160 and 161, for furnaces of general utility having discharge
structure.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Device wherein
the delivery means is further provided with a channel shaped
means through which the material passes after it has been
discharged from the heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231 for a discharge runner combined with a molten-metal
treating means.
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Device
comprising a chamber having a substantially vertical axis to
which material is fed at an elevated level for gravitation
downwardly across a heating surface or through a heating
medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 95+ for shaft-type furnaces of
general utility.
Subclass:
198
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Device having
means external of the furnace for sustaining the furnace
against the effects of gravity.
Subclass:
199
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Device wherein
the upper region of the furnace has a particular
configuration or includes additional structural members which
facilitate the operation of the furnace.
Subclass:
200
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
for (a) refining or otherwise purifying metal while in the
liquid state, (b) removing or separating constituents from a
molten bath, (c) mixing or stirring a molten bath, (d)
applying heat to a molten bath to maintain the molten
condition, or (e) liquefy or volatilize a metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclass, for a means to
melt glass.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclass, for a
process of refining a metal.
164, Metal Founding, appropriate subclass, for an apparatus
for treating metal in a mold.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate
subclass, for a metal melting or refining means having
specific electrical heating structure.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for melting furnaces of
general utility.
Subclass:
201
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
means are provided to effect slag contact with a molten metal
thus promoting thorough intermingling and interaction of the
slag with the metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses, for a
process of treating slags and oxidized drosses.
Subclass:
202
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
means are provided to enhance treating gas contact with a
molten metal which means causes the metal to fall through a
treating gas in either a finely divided stream or as a
plurality of narrow streams and thus promotes the thorough
intermingling and interaction of the gas with the metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclasses 331+ for producing
solid particulate free metal directly from liquid metal and
subclass 525 for impinging free-falling molten metal stream
or spray with a gas or solid agent or spraying (i.e.,
atomizing) of molten metal.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, subclass 7, for a means for atomizing a molten
metal by a blast of fluid in a powder-making apparatus.
Subclass:
203
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
means are provided to mechanically work and to contact molten
metal with an additive, such as mill scale or ore, while in
the presence of an oxidizing atmosphere, whereby a semi-solid
product is produced.
Subclass:
204
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including means to rotate the vessel to effect outward radial
movement of a bath of molten material contained therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
494, Imperforate Bowl: Centrifugal Separators, appropriate
subclasses, for apparatus for breaking up a mixture of fluids
or fluent substances into two or more components by
centrifuging within a generally solid-walled, receptacle-like
member.
Subclass:
205
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device which is
particularized to heat a body which consists of a plurality
of different materials one of which is a metal, to liquefy
and liberate said metal from said body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclass 401 for processes of
treating multi-component metal-containing scrap having an
integral substrate to separate metal therefrom by temperature
modification wherein at least one metal remains solid during
separation.
Subclass:
206
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
particularized to liquefy metals used in the manufacture of
printing characters.
Subclass:
207
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
means are provided either for subjecting molten metal to a
specific atmosphere or atmospheric condition to bring about a
desired physical or chemical change in the metal or for
surrounding or blanketing the metal in an inert fluid to
prevent contamination of the metal being operated upon.
(1) Note. An example of structure to be found in this and
the indented subclasses is vacuum degassing apparatus.
Subclass:
208
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Device wherein
the treating atmosphere is at a pressure less than standard
atmospheric.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, for a process of treating a
molten metal within a vacuum environment.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclass 54, 63,
110+, and 140+, for electric furnaces combined with means to
lower the pressure therein to subatmospheric levels.
Subclass:
209
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Device wherein
an evacuated receptacle is provided with a downwardly
extending supply passage within which the molten material is
raised to a level higher than the level of the source.
Subclass:
210
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Device wherein
the metal is returned from the reduced pressure zone to its
point of origin.
Subclass:
211
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Device wherein
a molten- metal containing or receiving vessel is contained
within and surrounded by a housing which housing is
communicable with a source of vacuum.
Subclass:
212
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the means to treat the molten metal is provided with a
distinct metal liquefying region or chamber from which the
molten metal to be treated is drawn.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 162+ for means specialized to extract and refine
a metal within separate treating zones.
Subclass:
213
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the vessel is mounted to be turned about its longitudinal
axis through more than 360 degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for a drum-type melting or refining vessel adapted to
revolve or oscillate about its longitudinal axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclasses 103+, for a tumbler-type rotary drum
furnace of general utility.
Subclass:
214
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the means to melt metals or to treat a molten metal comprises
a treating receptacle within which hot gas sweeps over the
surface of material contained within the receptacle to
elevate the temperature of the material.
Subclass:
215
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the treating means includes a treating vessel which is
provided with means for supplying an unrefined molten metal
mass thereto and for drawing refined molten metal therefrom
in a substantially uninterrupted fashion.
Subclass:
216
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including means for adding a solid, liquid, or gaseous
substance to the molten metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, appropriate subclasses for a
process of introducing a treating material into molten
metal.
Subclass:
217
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Device wherein
the added substance is in gaseous form.
(1) Note. Means introducing a gas stirring agent will be
found in this and the indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, appropriate
subclasses, for devices of general utility for contacting a
gas with a liquid.
Subclass:
218
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Device wherein
the means is a short tubular member forming an aperture in
the vessel wall.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 265+ for tuyere structure, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclass 182.5, for a tuyere in a furnace of
general utility.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 6.6, for a
tuyere having a closed water-circulation.
Subclass:
219
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Device wherein
a plurality of tuyeres are arranged in the wall of a vertical
furnace such that the streams issuing therefrom will meet or
cross in one area substantially in the center of said
furnace.
(1) Note. Cupola furnaces are found herein where the sole
disclosure is for melting metal.
Subclass:
220
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Device wherein
the means discharges through a foraminous member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, subclasses 94+ and
100+, for gas-liquid con-sheet.
Subclass:
221
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Device wherein
said adding means is adapted to concurrently supply plural
materials.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
182 for a means to introduce a solid entrained in a fluid
into an ore treating or metal-extracting device.
188 for a means to introduce diverse fluids via a common
outlet into an ore treating or metal-extracting device.
267 for a means specialized for simultaneously feeding
diverse materials into a vessel.
Subclass:
222
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Device wherein
the adding means has a plurality of coaxial flow paths.
Subclass:
223
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Device wherein
a regulating means is provided in the flow path to control
fluid flow into the treating vessel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 82+ for means correlating the flow of diverse
fluents responsive to a sensed condition.
187 for regulating the flow of a fluid into an ore treating
or metal extracting means.
266 for a tuyere means combined with a flow-control means.
Subclass:
224
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Device wherein
the treating vessel is provided with a separate, distinct
bottom closure which has an integrally formed tuyere
therein.
(1) Note. The plug bottoms are usually removable or
replaceable to facilitate changing of worn or damaged
tuyeres.
Subclass:
225
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Device wherein
the introducing means is a long, narrow tube extending into
the interior of the treating vessel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate
subclasses, for lances, per se, and for nozzles of general
utility.
Subclass:
226
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Device
including means to adjust the position of the lance.
Subclass:
227
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including means to segregate a metal from other
constituents.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclasses 767+, for
processes of separating solids and liquids, and 513+ for
gravitational separators.
Subclass:
228
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device having
means for drawing off a material floating on the surface of a
molten mass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclass 242.1, for
movable means floating on the surface of a liquid.
Subclass:
229
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device
including a separating arrangement having a barrier member
associated therewith which effects the separation of a
desired constituent from the molten mass by blocking the flow
of one of the constituents.
Subclass:
230
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Device wherein
the separating arrangement comprises a receptacle having a
baffle associated with the receptacle outlet to block the
flow of undesired constituents.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Device wherein
the barrier member is associated with a channel shaped means
through which the molten mass flows.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
196 for a runner system combined with a metal-extracting
furnace.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device wherein
the separating means comprises a vessel within which the
molten mass is allowed to stand and separate by the effects
of gravity.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including means to agitate a molten metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 217+ for means which agitates a body of molten
metal by introducing a gas into said body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
366, Agitating, appropriate subclass, for stirring or mixing
apparatus of general utility.
Subclass:
234
This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device wherein
the agitating means includes an electromagnetic means which
creates flux lines passing through the metal to cause
movement of the metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237 for electromagnetic molten-metal dispensing means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, subclass 85, 116
and 146, for induction stirrers combined with an electric
furnace.
Subclass:
235
This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device wherein
the agitating means includes a blade-like member having a
fluid reactant surface which engages and moves the molten
mass.
Subclass:
236
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the vessel containing the molten mass undergoing treatment is
provided with specific terminal outlet structure for removing
the mass from the vessel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclasses 324+, for molten-glass
dispensing means.
222, Dispensing, subclass 590 and 591+, for receptacles
having means to effect discharge of molten metal therefrom.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, appropriate subclass, for
valves specialized to control flow of molten material.
Subclass:
237
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Device
including means which create flux lines to cause the material
to flow in a desired direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234 for a molten-metal treating means or melting means
having an induction stirring means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 50, for electromagnetic pumps.
Subclass:
238
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Device
including a means effecting withdrawal of molten matter
remaining in the vessel after normal emptying of the vessel.
Subclass:
239
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Device wherein
the means for discharging material from the treating vessel
includes means for varying gas pressure at a selected
location on the exterior of the molten mass to create a gas
pressure gradient across the exterior which is effective to
deliver material from the vessel.
(1) Note. The means to vary the gas pressure on a portion
of a liquid surface includes both devices that raise the gas
pressure, e.g., pressurized gas cylinders, and that lower the
gas pressure, e.g., vacuum pumps.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, Dispensing, appropriate subclass, for miscellaneous
receptacles having means to effect discharge of fluent
material therefrom. Note especially subclasses 394+ for
fluid pressure means and subclass 416 for siphon means.
Subclass:
240
This subclass is indented under subclass 236. Device
including means to cant the vessel to effect discharging.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 157, for crucible or pot-heating
furnace of general utility having a tilting arrangement.
Subclass:
241
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
means are provided to remove excess heat energy the means
treating the material thus maintaining the temperature of
said means within a safe operating range.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for a process of cooling a metallurgical apparatus.
138 for a means within a heating or treating vessel for
preheating a gas, which heating inherently cools the heating
or treating vessel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, appropriate subclasses, for cooling furnaces of
general utility.
Subclass:
242
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including a kettle-like receptacle having a means for raising
the temperature of the metal therein to liquefy the same.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, subclasses 420+, for crucible or
furnace-type electric heating devices adapted to hold
meltable material.
432, Heating, subclasses 156+ for a crucible or pot-type
heating furnace of general utility.
Subclass:
243
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device wherein
the means to treat the molten mass comprises an open topped,
flask-like receptacle within which a molten mass is adapted
to be subjected to a self-sustaining refining action by the
introduction of a treating gas.
Subclass:
244
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Device wherein
means are provided for supporting the receptacle such that it
may be rotated through more than 360 degrees about its
lengthwise center line.
Subclass:
245
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Device wherein
means are provided for supporting the treating vessel such
that the vessel may be swung about an axis generally normal
to its longitudinal axis so that the mouth of the vessel can
be moved to a selected one of a plurality of positions.
Subclass:
246
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Device wherein
the means pivotally mounting the vessel includes a generally
annular member which girdles the receptacle and means
interposed between the receptacle and the girdling member to
secure the receptacle to the girdling member.
Subclass:
247
This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Device wherein
the means pivotally mounting the vessel includes a member
having two arms between which the receptacle is supported.
Subclass:
248
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Device
including a generally drum-like vessel having its
longitudinal axis generally parallel to the horizon and
adapted to revolve or oscillate about its longitudinal axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
213 for a drum-type molten metal treating means which
rotates about its longitudinal axis through more than 360
degrees.
244 for a Bessemer-type treating vessel which rotates about
its longitudinal axis through more than 360 degrees.
Subclass:
249
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means are provided which operate upon a metallic
object or mass to discrete metal granules to enhance their
physical, chemical or mechanical properties.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 114+ for apparatus which both heats and contacts
a metallic object with a liquid or which includes means to
control the shape of an object undergoing a liquid contact
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 559+ for
processes of treating solid or semi-solid metal to modify or
maintain the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical property of metal.
432, Heating, appropriate subclasses, for furnaces which
merely elevate the temperature of a metal object to
facilitate some further treatment, e.g., rolling, and where
no specific gaseous environment, treating or protective, is
supplied to, circulated in or generated within the furnace.
Subclass:
250
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Device wherein
the work is placed in a receptacle having means to change the
temperature thereof said receptacle further having means to
create a treating environment by lowering the gas pressure
therein.
Subclass:
251
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Device wherein
the treating operation involves a) surrounding the metallic
article with a specific gaseous atmosphere or b) applying or
directing a specific treating gas against the metallic
article.
Subclass:
252
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Device wherein
means are provided to elevate the temperature of the article
being treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclasses 349+, for glass annealing
or tempering apparatus including heating and cooling means.
219, Electric Heating, subclasses 600+, for inductive heating
and subclasses 50+, for other electric heating of metal. Note
subclasses 74+, where a gas is supplied to the heated area.
432, Heating, subclass 198, 199 and 200+, for furnaces of
general utility having gas-introducing means.
Subclass:
253
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device wherein
the article is loaded into a treating chamber from underneath
said chamber by means moving said article in a substantially
vertical direction, e.g., an elevator.
Subclass:
254
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device wherein
a separate means is provided for altering the temperature of
the specific atmosphere which means is separate from the
means heating the metallic articles.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 138+ for devices having means to elevate the
temperature of the gas prior to the entry of the gas into the
treating zone.
Subclass:
255
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device wherein
the article to be heated is disposed within a receptacle and
is maintained out of direct contact with the source of heat
or gases evolved thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262 for a means for treating a solid metal within a fluid
tight heat transferring box shield, e.g., annealing box.
Subclass:
256
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Device wherein
the receptacle containing or protecting the article during
treatment is open-bottomed and is lowered over stationary
article prior to said treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
263 for a means for treating a solid metal within a
bell-type hood.
Subclass:
257
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device wherein
means are provided within the work confining chamber for
evolving a gaseous treating agent.
Subclass:
258
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Device wherein
the apparatus is so arranged or additional means are provided
to insure that the gas contact with the object to be treated
will be restricted to only a certain pre-established section
of said object.
Subclass:
259
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Device wherein
means are provided to lower the temperature of the article.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 559+ for
processes of heating or cooling of solid or semi-solid metal
to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e.,
microstructure) or chemical property of metal.
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclass, for heat exchanger
of general utility.
Subclass:
260
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device which
includes means for conduction cooling of the articles by
physical contact with a solid object which is at a lower
temperature.
Subclass:
261
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Device wherein
the workpiece is juxtaposed with a burner element whereby the
burning fuel of said burner is allowed to impinge against and
heat said workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for apparatus for contacting a solid with a flame and
with a liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclass 642 for
processes of heat treatment of an iron or iron based alloy
with a flame to modify or maintain the internal physical
structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of
metal.
Subclass:
262
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Device
including a removable enclosing receptacle or hood specially
adapted for holding metal articles being heated, shielding
them from the atmosphere, and equalizing the application of
heat to the metal articles, e.g., annealing or carbonizing
boxes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255 for fluid-tight chamber having means for contacting the
workpiece within the chamber with a gas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
432, Heating, subclass 254.1, for fluid- tight heat
transferring boxes of general utility.
Subclass:
263
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Device
including structure adapted to be lowered about the work
comprising a hood closed on its top and sides and open at its
bottom, or the support upon which such hood is lowered.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
256 for bell-type furnace having means for contacting the
workpiece within the hood with a gas.
Subclass:
264
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device
including distinct structure for sealing the joint between
the hood and its support.
Subclass:
265
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
comprising short tubular means adapted to be mounted in a
vessel wall for permitting fluents to flow therethrough.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for a method of injecting fluents through a tuyere.
186 for a tuyere means combined with an ore treating or
metal extracting means.
218 for a tuyere means combined with a metal melting or
molten metal treating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclass 182.5, for a tuyere in a furnace of
general utility.
Subclass:
266
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Device
including means to alter either the quantity of material
moving through the introducing means or the direction in
which said material is delivered.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for a control means responsive to a sensed condition for
correlating the flow of diverse fluents.
187 for a means for feeding a fluid having flow-regulating
means combined with an ore treating or metal extracting
means.
223 for a means for feeding a gas having flow-regulating
means combined with a metal melting or molten metal treating
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclasses
590+, for nozzles of general utility having internal flow
guides.
Subclass:
267
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Device
including means to concurrently deliver two different
materials.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
182 for a device for feeding a gas entrained solid into an
ore-treating means.
188 for a tuyere for feeding diverse fluids into an
ore-treating means.
221 for a tuyere for feeding diverse material into a means
for treating molten metal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclasses
398+, for a nozzle of general utility having means for
combining separately supplied fluids.
Subclass:
268
This subclass is indented under subclass 267. Device
including two separate flow paths each of which terminate at
the outlet of the tuyere and each of which discharges a
different material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclass 549,
for a nozzle of general utility having multiple outlet
openings, each of which is supplied with a different fluid.
Subclass:
269
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Device wherein
means are provided which will either allow a blockage
removing cleaning implement to be inserted into the
introducing means or allows undersized material contained
within the introducing means to run off.
Subclass:
270
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Device
including means to protect the tubular means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
189 for means cooling a tuyere in a metallurgical
apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 6.6, for
liquid-cooled tuyere elements, per se, where a coolant flows
through the tuyere element in a closed path. Those patents
which disclose a diversity of water cooled blast furnace
accessories, (e.g., monkeys, cooling boxes), in addition to
tuyeres and which either specifically claim one of these
diverse accessories or includes a claim generic to all such
accessories will be placed as an original in Class 266 and
will be cross referenced to Class 122.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, subclass 591,
for nozzles of general utility having wear linings.
Subclass:
271
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
a) for plugging openings in the walls of treating or holding
receptacles or b) for tapping such openings or otherwise
removing plugs or other blockages therefrom.
(1) Note. Examples of apertures plugged by the sealing
means are tuyere openings, cinder or slag notches, tap holes,
etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 for process of opening or closing an aperture in the wall
of a metallurgical vessel.
136 for tuyere punches combined with the tuyere.
Subclass:
272
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Device wherein
the means is specialized to seal or stop the opening in the
vessel wall.
Subclass:
273
Device under the Class 272 wherein the means to seal the
aperture includes means for extruding a hardenable fluent
substance into the aperture.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
222, Dispensing, appropriate subclass, for dispensers of
general utility and especially 390, for dispensers having a
supply container with a follower, e.g., a piston, therein and
having a screw to advance the follower.
Subclass:
274
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which comprises means specialized to contain or retain either
metalliferous material or a solid metal member while such
material or member undergoes a metallurgical treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclass for work holders of
general utility.
Subclass:
275
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Device wherein
the containing or retaining means is a container which
volumetrically confines the work undergoing treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
164, Metal Founding, subclasses 335+, for metal-casting
apparatus including a ladle or crucible-type metal
receptacle.
432, Heating, subclasses 262+, for a refractory vessel for
holding metals or ores while being melted or calcined.
Subclass:
276
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Device wherein
means are provided for mounting the container such that its
attitude may be changed, e.g., by moving it from place to
place, by tilting, or the like.
Subclass:
277
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device wherein
the container is mounted on a plurality of cylindrical
members each of which is adapted to revolve about its
longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
278
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Device wherein
a wall of the container is formed with a plurality of
alternating ribs and grooves which give an undulating
appearance to the wall.
Subclass:
279
This subclass is indented under subclass 274. Device wherein
the means for supporting the work is a member having a
generally planar surface which surface sustains the work
against the effect of gravity and which surface has openings
therethrough for the passage of combustion gases, air or the
like.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
159 for grate-support means combined with gas offtake
means.
subclasses 178+ for a traveling grate means combined with
heating structure.
185 for grate-support means combined with heating
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
110, Furnaces, subclasses 267+, for progressive-feed grates.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclasses 371+ for
water-cooled grates.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclasses 152+ for general
structure of grates.
Subclass:
280
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which comprises the specific construction or composition of
the metal or ore contacting inner covering of a treating
vessel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, subclass 301 for reactive
furnace linings.
432, Heating, subclass 248 and 264 for linings of furnaces
of general utility.
501, Compositions: Ceramic, appropriate subclasses for
ceramic compositions useful as linings.
Subclass:
281
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including means facilitating the forming, building, replacing
or restoring of such lining.
(1) Note. Included herein are forms, means to remove old
linings and means to handle the linings to be or being
constructed or replaced.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, subclass 30, for processes of furnace lining
formation and repair.
Subclass:
282
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including metallic elements fastened to, supported by or
otherwise contained within the lining for the purpose of
warding off wear of the lining surface.
(1) Note. The metal elements included herein are adjuncts
to the lining, a complete metal lining even though made in
parts is not included herein.
Subclass:
283
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including the particular configuration of at least one of the
elements which, together with others of like or unlike
configuration, make up the lining.
Subclass:
284
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including the particular size or range of sizes of the
particles forming the raw material of the lining.
Subclass:
285
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including means to allow for the swelling of the lining or
lining elements due to temperature change.
Subclass:
286
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device
including the particular shape, composition, structure or
characteristic of the vessel wall or walls adjacent the
lining.
(1) Note. The coating of a vessel wall is not sufficient
for this subclass unless some cooperating characteristic of
the wall is claimed. The characteristic of the wall may be
relative denseness or relative heat-absorbing capacity, with
respect to the lining, or any other specific cooperating
feature as between the wall or walls and the lining.
(2) Note. Specific structural supports between the lining
and adjacent wall or walls is included under this subclass.
Subclass:
287
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus not provided for above.
(1) Note. Examples of the devices to be found herein are
ladle repair cages and hand held skimming tools.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
Subclass:
900
Furnaces, especially shaft type, adapted to liquefy metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
213 for revolving-drum type melting furnaces.
242 for heated melting pots.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, appropriate
subclass, for metal melting furnaces of the electric type.
432, Heating, appropriate subclass, for heating furnaces of
general utility.
Subclass:
901
Device wherein (a) a means is provided for the reclamation of
scrap metal by liquefying it by the application of heat; or
(b) a means is provided for raising the temperature of scrap
metal prior to its introduction of the treating vessel.
Subclass:
902
Torches adapted to notch or sever a bloom, billet, or bar in
a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the workpiece.
Subclass:
903
Apparatus including plate-like means to protect a vessel or
operating personnel from the effects of heat and molten
material.
Subclass:
904
Tips used in conjunction with cutting torches.
Subclass:
905
Apparatus adapted to liberate a refractory metal from a
source of such metal.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000