U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 246
RAILWAY SWITCHES AND SIGNALS
Class Definition:
This class includes patents relating to the following means
for the safeguard and control of traffic upon or across
railways (that is, fixed tracks for occupant- controlled
vehicles) or which by structure are especially adapted for
such use, viz.:
A. Signals, including those used for communication between
occupants of a car or train.
B. Indicators, recorders, teles:graphic, telephonic, or
other similar apparatus when especially designed for use in
connection with car or train movements, except manually-set
devices, such as train and engine signs and markers capable
of general use.
C. Devices on the roadway, such as signals, switches,
circuit closures, gates, etc., actuated or controlled from or
by the moving vehicles, except circuit-controllers actuated
by the vehicle for the purpose of energizing sectionalized
conductors used for supplying propulsion-current thereto.
D. Automatic train stop and speed control means, the
actuation of which is initiated by agencies not on the train
or by wheel derailment or defects in train structure and
mechanism, the automatic stop, for classification purposes,
being considered an equivalent of and substitute for a
railway signal; but train stopping and control mechanism
cooperating with obstacles fixed in position upon the track
which have no moving parts are excluded from this class
except when they cooperate with speed-responsive devices on
the train.
E. Safety devices, including derailing switches and blocks,
used for preventing accidents caused by the misplacement of
switches, disregard of signals etc.
F. The structure of signals, switches, frogs, and crossings
and their appurtenances.
G. Mechanism for the manual or other actuation of any of the
devices of the class.
INDEX TO TECHNICAL LITERATURE
In many of the subclasses there have been placed upon the
official search-cards references to such literature as
appears to relate to the subject-matter of such subclass; but
no attempt has been made to make these references complete.
It has not been deemed advisable to print these references in
connection with the respective subclass definitions; but they
can be inspected in the Public Search-Room in connection with
the Chief Draftsman's classified copies of patents. The list
of works indexed is given below.
Literature in Scientific and Technical Information Center
Alternating Current Signaling, 1915, The Union Switch and
Signal Co., Swissvale, Pa. Automatic Block Signal and Signal
Circuits, Scott, New York, 1908. Block and Interlocking
Signals, Elliott, New York,1896. Block System of Signaling on
American Railroads, The, Adams, New York, 1901. First to
Fifth Annual Reports Block Signal and Train Control Board,
Interstate Commerce Commission,1909 to 1913. Locking,
Laverack, New York, 1907. Mechanical Railway Signaling,
second edition, Wilson, London, about 1909. Notes on Track
Construction and Maintenance, Camp, Chicago, 1903. Perfect
Railway Signaling, Spang, 1902. Power Railway Signaling,
Wilson, 1908. Railroad Signal Dictionary, The, Adams & Hitt,
New York, 1908. Railroad Signal Dictionary, The revised
edition, New York, 1911. Railway Appliances, Barry, New York,
1896. Railway Block Signaling, Pigg, London. Railway
Engineer, The, (about 1909). Railway Signal Association,
Digest of Proceedings, Vol.1, 1895-1905; Vol.2, 1905; Vol.3,
1906; Vol.4, 1907; Vol.5, 1908; Vol.6, 1909. Railway Signal
Association, Journal, 1910, Vol.XIII; 1911, Vol.XIV; 1912,
Vol.XV; 1913, Vol.XVI; 1914, Vol.XVII; 1915, Vol.XVIII; 1916,
Vol.XIX;1917, Vol.XX. Railway Signal Engineering, L. P.
Lewis, London,1912. Railway Signaling, Pittsburgh, 1908.
Railway Signaling in Theory and Practice, Latimer, Chicago,
1909. Railway Track and Track Work, Tratman, New York, 1908.
Safe Railway Working, Stretton, 1886. Signal Engineer, The,
1908, Vol.1; 1909, Vol.2; 1910, Vol.3; 1911, Vol.4; 1912,
Vol.5, 1913, Vol.6; 1914, Vol.7; 1915, Vol.8; 1916, Vol.9.
Street Railway Road Bed, Pratt and Alden, New York, 1898.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
MEANS PECULIAR TO SPECIAL TYPES OF RAILWAYS
Means peculiar to special types of railway, such as
mono-rail, rack-rail, electric, pneumatic, logging,
cash-carrier, elevated, cable, suspended, etc., and not of
general utility or if claimed in connection with structure of
such special types of railway will be found in the
appropriate subclasses of other classes, for which see
References to other Classes, below. But when such means are
directed to the structure or operating mechanism of the
switches of this class (246) subclass 415, they will be found
in this class (246) subclass 419, indented thereunder.
SIGNALS AND INDICATORS IN OTHER CLASSES
For signals used for communication between occupants of a car
or train see References to Other Classes, below.
For manually-set devices, such as train and engine signs, and
markers capable of general use see references to Other
Classes, below.
Where a semaphore is of the well known conventional railway
type, (which is more fully described in the definition of
subclass 479 of this class), the patent is classified here,
but otherwise is some subclass of Class 116, Signals and
Indicators, or Class 340, Communications: Electrical, unless
claimed for railway use, in which case it is here
classified.
SPEED CONTROL IN OTHER CLASSES
For speed control vehicles, when all of the mechanism is upon
the vehicle and there is no cooperation with devices on the
track or roadway, see References to Other Classes, below.
TRAIN STOPPING IN OTHER CLASSES
For train stopping and control mechanism cooperating with
obstacles fixed in position upon the track which have no
moving parts see References to Other Classes, below.
Closures (gates) when performing a stopping rather than a
signalling function will be found elsewhere, except that
railway-gates and mine-doors actuated by the energy of a
moving vehicle or electrically controlled therefrom will be
found in subclasses 125 and 292 of this class (246) and in
the various subclasses indented thereunder.
TRACK STRUCTURE
For track structure other than as indicated above, see the
Search Class references below.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
14, Bridges, appropriate subclasses for track structure.
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, for manually-set
devices, such as train and engine signs, and markers capable
of general use
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, see the
obstacle-operated, obstacle-controlled, and
electrically-controlled subclasses of the changeable
exhibitors for station, street and similar annunciators and
card, picture and sign exhibitors not especially adapted for
use as cab-signals, when placed in vehicles and actuated or
controlled by obstacles or electrical contacts upon the
track, except when there are claims upon the structure of the
track-obstacle or intermittent electrical contact and no
claims upon the structure of the annunciator or exhibitor in
which case they are placed in this class (246).
49, Movable or Removable Closures, for Closures (gates) when
performing a stopping rather than a signalling function.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses
for speed control vehicles, when all of the mechanism is upon
the vehicle and there is no cooperation with devices on the
track or roadway.
104, Railways, for train stopping and control mechanism
cooperating with obstacles fixed in position upon the track
which have no moving parts.
104, Railways, appropriate subclasses for means peculiar to
special types of railway.
104, Railways, for track structure.
116, Signals and Indicators, for signals used for
communication between occupants of a car or train.
116, Signals and Indicators, for manually-set devices, such
as train and engine signs, and markers capable of general
use
116, Signals and Indicators, subclasses 28+ and 200+, for
hand actuated train-indicators or signals and indicators
placed on moving trains or cars to indicate their motion or
the speed or direction of their motion or which perform
merely an identifying function, such as train or engine
markers.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, appropriate subclasses for
speed control vehicles, when all of the mechanism is upon the
vehicle and there is no cooperation with devices on the track
or roadway.
178, Telegraphy, for telegraph systems, note especially
subclass 43 for space induction systems which are oftentimes
used in train communication; (signals used for communication
between occupants of a car or train)
180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 167+ for a motor vehicle
provided with means for controlling its operation which is
responsive to electromagnetic radiation, magnetic force, or
sound waves received from a source, or reflected from an
object or surface, which is located apart from the vehicle;
and subclasses 170+, for a motor vehicle provided with means
which is responsive to the speed of the vehicle for
maintaining its speed at, or preventing it from exceeding, a
particular value.
180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 170+, appropriate subclasses
for speed control vehicles, when all of the mechanism is upon
the vehicle and there is no cooperation with devices on the
track or roadway.
186, Merchandising, appropriate subclasses for means peculiar
to special types of railway.
186, Merchandising, for train stopping and control mechanism
cooperating with obstacles fixed in position upon the track
which have no moving parts.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, for the
transmission of electricity to a moving vehicle, where no
claims are made upon the apparatus actuated by the current or
covering the uses to which the current is applied;
subclasses 16-21 for circuit controllers actuated by the
vehicle for the purpose of energizing sectionalized
conductors used for supplying propulsion current thereto.
238, Railways: Surface Track, for track structure.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, for speed control
vehicles, when all of the mechanism is upon the vehicle and
there is no cooperation with devices on the track or
roadway.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, note particularly
subclasses 24+ for coupling networks which may be used in
railway-signaling systems, and subclasses 1+ for
plural-channel systems including such coupling networks.
343, Communications: Radio Wave Antennas.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for pulse communication
systems; (signals used for communication between occupants
of a car or train)
379, Telephonic Communications, for telephone systems, note
subclass 55 for space induction systems; (signals used for
communication between occupants of a car or train) and Class
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices,
especially subclasses 77+ and 86 for one-way electrical
audio signal transmission systems for trains (signals used
for communication between occupants of a car or train)
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, subclasses 800+
and 825+ for speed control vehicles, when all of the
mechanism is upon the vehicle and there is no cooperation
with devices on the track or roadway.
414, Material or Article Handling, for train stopping and
control mechanism cooperating with obstacles fixed in
position upon the track which have no moving parts.
414, Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses for
means peculiar to special types of railway.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate
subclasses for speed control vehicles, when all of the
mechanism is upon the vehicle and there is no cooperation
with devices on the track or roadway.
455, Telecommunications, for modulated carrier wave and light
wave communications. (signals used for communication between
occupants of a car or train)
701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative
Location, subclasses 1+ for vehicle indication, operation,
or guidance which requires a mathematical calculation. Note,
where significant vehicle structure is recited,
classification is in the appropriate vehicle class.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and devices not otherwise classifiable.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and devices specially adapted for the control of train
movements by train-orders or by their equivalents transmitted
from a central or directing station.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 541+ for
number-display devices and similar markers displayed on
trains to indicate car or train numbers or give other
information useful to the train-dispatcher or other
officials.
116, Signals and Indicators, subclass 30 for train-markers
referred to above, and subclass 173 for flags used as
train-markers and for supports for such flags.
178, Telegraphy, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous
electric telegraph systems.
258, Railway Mail Delivery, appropriate subclasses indented
thereunder, for devices for delivering train-orders to moving
trains.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.72 for radio
remote control.
362, Illumination, subclass 253 and 459+ for signal and
indicating lights carried by engines and cars, and 253, and
478+ for illuminated train and engine markers.
379, Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electric telephone systems.
455, Telecommunications, subclasses 500+ for miscellaneous
radio systems comprising a plurality of transmitter and/or
receiver means with a central control station.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Systems and
devices in which the train-dispatcher can set or control the
operation of railway-traffic-controlling devices from a
distance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 137, 141, 142, and 162, for indication that the signals,
switches, etc., are properly actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 298 for signal
box systems having answer back or return call provision, and
subclasses 313+ for miscellaneous signaling systems having
answer back provision.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 418 for
telephone-call systems having a return call indicator or
answer back.
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Systems having
the signals given upon the engine cab or car or having
mechanism which is actuated to stop the train or to control
its motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other systems within the class definition for a cab signal or
train-control means.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Systems having
means so that any one of a plurality of signals may be
independently set or controlled from a distance, the number
of line-wires used being less than the number of signals
controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
156 157, 164, 165, 424, 425, and 426, for selective mechanism
and devices and all subclasses in the titles of which the
words "Cab and control" appear, for means for actuating
signals on trains.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclasses 23+ for printing telegraph
systems.
250, Radiant Energy, subclasses 200+ and the classes
specified in the Notes thereto for photo-sensitive electric
systems for controlling a device.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclasses 112+ for switching arrangements for distribution
systems, particularly subclass 140 in which a remote switch
is controlled by the exercise of control over the power
current supplied to the switch.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclasses 108+ for selective
telephone-type switches of general utility.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 825+ for
selective signaling systems in which signals may be
selectively controlled; and subclass 825.72 for radio-wave
systems for controlling a device.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), subclasses 73+ for
miscellaneous systems for controlling a device by means of
reflected or otherwise returned radio waves (radar).
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
multiplexing systems.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclasses 242+ for
automatic telephone systems which usually involve selecting
means; and subclasses 350+ for call transmitters for
telephone systems.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Systems having
devices placed upon the train to insure the observance of
train orders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and the subclasses specified in the Notes
thereto, for details of cab signal or train-control
mechanism.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Teles:graphic or
telephonic systems specially adapted for communication
between trains and the dispatcher or other stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab- signal systems giving only
one or a limited number of indications.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, for miscellaneous pulse
communications.
455, Telecommunications, subclasses 500+ for miscellaneous
analog modulated carrier wave communications.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Systems in which
an inductive relation is established between the train and
line, no physical connection being established.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 and 194, for inductive transmission of signals to moving
trains.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 43 for inductive- telegraph
systems.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 10 for
induction systems for transmitting electric power to a
vehicle.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses, for the
structure of transformers and inductive reactors.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclass 55 for inductive
telephone systems.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Systems in which
a current is transmitted to or from the train by one or more
continuous contacts with line conductors other than the
traction rails, which may or may not be sectionalized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 through 68, 73 and 86, all disclosing means for the
transmission of signals to moving trains through electrical
contacts continuously maintained.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+ for removing ice, snow and
dirt from continuous and intermittent electric contacts.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, for structure of
the conductor and collector.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Systems in which
a single continuous contact is used, current being returned
by the traction rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 68, 71, 73, and 86, for system using the traction-rails or
the return of the signal-current to the car, also the
foregoing subclasses and in addition subclasses 65 and 66 for
continuous- contact systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, for structure of
the conductor and the collector.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Systems in which
two or more continuous contacts are used.
(1) Note. See the search note to subclass 10 for
continuous-contact systems and also for systems disclosing
the return of the current through the traction-rail.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, for structure of
the conductor and the collector.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Systems in which
each train has its instruments cut constantly into the line
in series with those of other trains or stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 11 for
structure of the conductor and the collector.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Emergency
stations without operators, located along the permanent way
between regular stations, at which trains may stop or be
stopped for communication by telegraph or telephone with the
dispatcher or other trains or stations or from which in an
emergency signals may be controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 287+ for
signal-box signaling systems.
379, Telephonic Communications, subclasses 56+ for portable
telephone systems.
439, Electrical Connectors, for an electrical connector, per
se, see especially subclasses 477+ for an electrical
connector of the overhead line type having a handle, tool or
manipulating means.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Day or night
signals or combinations of same used for the purpose
mentioned and usually adapted to be supported by or attached
to the roof or outer wall of a station or signal cabin and
provided with means for operating them from within the same.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes devices used at
stations for holding train orders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 473+ for signal structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 462 for
frames and clips for the holding and display of the train
order.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Systems for
insuring the proper display of the signal or the due delivery
of the train order.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for devices placed upon the train to insure the observance
of train orders.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Devices for
holding the train order, or train order blank, form part of
the safety system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 473+ for the signal structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., appropriate subclasses,
for the structure of clips for holding orders.
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 462 for
frames and clips for the holding and display of the train
orders.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Signals which
rotate upon a vertical axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 473+ for signal structure.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Signals having
two semaphore-arms which extend on opposite sides from a
common support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 479+ for semaphore structure.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
in which the physical possession by an officer of the train
of a train staff, ticket, tablet, or other token is a
prerequisite to entrance upon the section or block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 through 80 and 247, for train-counting mechanism.
133 134, 135, 141, 146, and 159, for details of electric
locking and return-release indication.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
in which a space interval is maintained between trains on the
same track, usually by the subdivision of the way into
definite sections termed "blocks", the movement of traffic
being governed by cab or wayside signals or devices which
control the brakes or motive power, or both.
(1) Note. Home signals indicate the presence or absence of
trains within the block about to be entered. Distant signals
(usually semaphores having notched blades) indicate the
condition of adjacent or distant blocks other than the block
about to be entered. The combined functions of the home and
distant signals are sometimes performed by a three-position
signal, indicating by its three positions, respectively, the
presence of a train in the block ahead, the second block
ahead, or that both blocks are clear.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 for systems closely related in function where the
physical possession by an officer of the train of a staff
ticket or other token is a prerequisite to entrance upon the
block.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Systems in which
the train automatically cooperates with human agency in the
actuation or control of the elements of the system.
(1) Note. These systems are sometimes called "controlled
Manual". The electric control by trains of manually-
actuated signals or vice versa is an example of such
cooperation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 106, 112, 160, 164, 165, and 183, for manual-control
features.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Systems in which
the train uses electrical means in performing its automatic
function.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the so-called
"controlled-manual-block" systems.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 106, 112, 160, 164, 165, and 183, for manual-control
features.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Systems in which
means are provided for actuating audible or visual signals
upon the cab or train or for stopping it or controlling its
speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Systems in which
use is made of train-actuated circuit controllers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 through 80, 82-84, 88, 90, 91, 126, 127, 246-252 and 259,
for train-actuated circuit-closers. See also search mote to
subclass 246.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Systems in which
the signal clearing operations require the cooperation of the
operators at each end of the block and also the absence of
trains from the block, which when present, by electrical
means, render it impossible to clear the signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 and 106, for manually-controlled block signaling systems
of the lock and block type.
subclasses 131+ and the subclasses specified in the Notes
thereto, for details of locking and interlocking, and
switching, signaling, and similar systems.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 25. Systems in which
track circuits are used for controlling the devices of the
system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 41, 58, 95, and 98, for block-signaling systems having
specific track circuits.
subclasses 128+ and 130, for automatic-highway signal
systems, mine door and/or gate systems having specific track
circuits.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Systems having
train-control devices which operate automatically without
direct human intervention.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 and appropriate indented subclasses for automatic systems
in combination with manually-actuated signals.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Systems in which
the traffic- controlling devices are actuated and controlled
only by electrical means.
(1) Note. The means employed upon the train for operating
cab signal and train-control mechanism may by of any
type--e.g., electrical, fluid-pressure, mechanical, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for semi-automatic block signaling systems in which
electrical means are used for performing the automatic
function.
subclasses 114+ for automatic grade-crossing protection
systems having electrical means for operating the protecting
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 238 for vehicle propulsion control
by block system wherein a peculiar type of guideway is
claimed (e.g., cable, model, overhead, etc.).
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
the traffic- control devices are actuated and controlled by
waves of radiant energy as heat, light, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 109+ for signalling systems in which
intelligence is transmitted over a light or analogous beam.
455, Telecommunications, subclass 200.1 and the classes and
subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
photocell-controlled electric circuits and photocell
apparatus.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Systems in which
the signals or automatic-stop devices are actuated or
controlled by the methods of so-called "wireless telegraphy",
making use of Hertzian waves.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
for radio-wave systems for controlling a device.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous radio-signaling and teledynamic systems,
particularly subclasses 61+ for the miscellaneous systems
for controlling a device by means of reflected or otherwise
returned radio wave energy; See the classes under "SEARCH
CLASS" in the class definitions of Class 343 for the other
classes which provide for radiant-energy systems for
controlling a device.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
means not on the car or train are provided whereby under
conditions of danger the supply of propulsion current is cut
off or is so reduced that the car is stopped or its speed
controlled. (1) Note. The control of the supply of
propulsion current is most cases will be by other cars or
trains which constitute a hazard to the controlled car or
train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
train-control devices located on the train whereby the motor
of an electric car is deprived of propulsion current.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 238 for vehicle propulsion control
by block system wherein a peculiar type of guideway is
claimed (e.g., cable, model, overhead, etc.).
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclasses 16-21
for conductor-supply systems for railways wherein the
conductor is provided with a plurality of sections, one or
more of the sections being manually de-energized and the
system having means for connecting the de-energized section
to the supply feeder.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Systems in which
the flow of propulsion current to one car or train under
conditions of danger controls the flow to other cars or
trains.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
signals are so arranged as to give danger or caution
indications to trains running in both directions on the same
track.
(1) Note. The so-called "A. P. B." or absolute-permissive
block systems are here included.
(2) Note. Only systems controlled by track-circuits are
here included.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
an alternating or pulsating current used for actuating or
controlling the traffic controlling devices and derived from
a source not on the train uses both traction rails as
conductors in series for the major portion of the block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
176 and 253, for switch or signal actuated circuit-breakers
in track-circuits.
449 450 and 451, for tie-bars with insulated joints.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 164 for the
structure of rail bonds and subclass 152 for insulated rail
joints.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Systems in which
super-imposed propulsion current, either direct or
alternating, is returned through one of the traction rails
which is not sectionalized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
34 38, 39, and 40, for alternating track-circuits showing one
unbroken traction-rail, its use for return of
propulsion-current not being specified.
42 43 and 61, for the use of propulsion-current in other
systems.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Systems in which
both traction rails are used for the return of the
super-imposed propulsion current, neither rail being
sectionalized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
35 and 37, for superposition of propulsion-current on an
alternating or varying track-circuit current.
42 43 and 61, for the superposition of propulsion-current on
a direct track-circuit current.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Systems in which
one or both of the traction-rails are divided into sections
by insulated joints, the rails being made continuous for the
return of the super-imposed direct propulsion-current by
inductance-bonds or similar devices, which by impedance
prevent the passage of the alternating signal-circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
35 and 36, for the superposition of propulsion-current upon
alternating track-circuit currents.
42 43 and 61, for the superposition of propulsion-current
upon direct track-circuit currents.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Systems in which
the home indication is actuated or controlled by the presence
or absence of current and the distant indication by the
change of some characteristic of the track-circuit current.
(1) Note. As line-wire distant control is dispensed with,
the system is sometimes referred to in the art as "wireless",
but should not be confused with the true or Hertzian-wave
"wireless" of subclass 30.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
35 44, 45, and 60, for means for the actuation of the
signals.
52 224 and 481, for home and distant type.
53 and 223, for three-position type of semaphore.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclasses 230+ for polarized
electromagnets and subclasses 266+ for differential
electromagnets.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 825+ for
selective signaling systems of general application.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Systems in which
one or more line-wires extending back for at least the entire
length of the block are used for controlling or actuating the
distant signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
subclasses 46+ and 60, for line-wire control systems.
52 and 224, for the structure of or means for the actuation
of the signals.
53 and 223, for three-position type of semaphore.
52 224 and 481, for home and distant type.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Systems in which
the blocks are independent, trains only controlling the
devices at the entrance of the blocks in which they are
running.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
54 and the appropriate indented subclasses for single-block
systems.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
a direct, normally closed, continuous current, either
actuating or controlling traffic-controlling devices and
derived from a source not on the train, uses both
traction-rails in series as conductors for the major portion
of the block.
(1) Note. This type is known to the Railway Signal
Association by the title "D.C. automatic block".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
70 for cab signal or train-control systems similar to that
in this subclass.
130 for highway signals, gates, and doors actuated or
controlled through closed track-circuits.
160 for switch-locks controlled by electric track-circuits.
253 for devices for breaking the continuity of the circuit
when a switch is misplaced or a signal goes to danger.
449 450 and 451, for tie-bars with insulated joints.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 164 for the
structure of rail-bonds and subclass 152 for insulated
rail-joints.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Systems in which
a direct propulsion-current is returned by and super-imposed
upon one or both of the track-rails in which the signal
controlling current flows.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
subclasses 35+ 43 and 61, for superimposed
propulsion-current.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Systems in which
the super-imposed propulsion-current is either alternating or
pulsating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
subclasses 35+ and 61, for superimposed
propulsion-current.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Systems in which
the distant signal is controlled by the change of some
characteristic of the track-circuit current.
(1) Note. As the use of external line-wires is dispensed
with, the system has long been known in the art as
"wireless", although not wireless in the sense of the
teles:graphic art or of subclass 30 of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+ 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
38 50 and 60, for wireless systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 825+ for
selective-signaling systems of general application.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Systems in which
a reversal of the direction of current flow is used for
controlling the distant signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
38 50 and 60, for wireless systems.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Systems in which
one or more line wires extending back the entire length of
the block are used for controlling or actuating the distant
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
39 47 to 53 and 60, for line-wire systems of control.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Systems in which
means are provided for actuating traffic-controlling devices
placed upon the train or car.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
39 46, 48 to 53 and 60, for line-wire systems of control.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses noted in the search
notes appended thereto, for details relating to the control
of signals placed upon a moving car or train or to the
control of its motion.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Systems in which
an electric circuit on the train, normally closed through the
track-rails, is broken by the passage of the train over one
or more insulated rail-joints when a condition of danger
exists, the break in the rails being electrically bridged
under conditions of safety.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
39 46, 49 to 53 and 60, for line-wire systems of control.
57 75 and 179, for bridged-insulated-rail-joint systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses noted in the search
Notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 47. Systems in which
an electric current is transmitted from the track into the
cab or a local cab-circuit is closed by means of so-called
"ramp rails" or intermittent contact plates or rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
39 46, 48 to 53, and 60, for line-wire systems of control.
56 69+, 74, 85, 92, 195, 229, and 233+, for other systems
characterized by an intermittent contact similar to that in
this subclass.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses noted in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+ for devices for cleaning
ice, snow, and dirt from continuous and intermittent
electrical contacts.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Systems in which
the distant signal is actuated or controlled by changes in
the direction of current-flow or in some other characteristic
or the current in a circuit other than the track-circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
38 44, 45 and 60, for current characteristic control.
39 46 and 60+, for line-wire systems of control.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Systems in which
the signal at the entrance to any block is retained in its
danger position until after a train has entered the next
block ahead and has proceeded therein a certain predetermined
distance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
39 46 to 50, 52, 53, and 60, for line-wire systems of
control.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Systems in which
two signals, "home" and "distant" so called, usually having a
common support, are placed at the entrance to each block and
respectively indicate the condition of the block about to be
entered and or the next block ahead.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
33 38, 39, 44+, 51, 224, and 481, for motors for actuating
home and distant signals.
39 46+, 53 and 60, for line-wire systems of control.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Systems in which
a so-called "three-position signal" is placed at the entrance
to each block and indicates by its three different aspects
the occupancy of the first or second blocks ahead or that
both blocks are clear.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
33 38, 39, 44, 45, 51, 223, and 479, for detail of
three-position signal mechanism.
39 46 to 52, and 60, for other methods of line-wire distant
control.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Systems in which
the blocks are independent, trains only controlling the
devices of the blocks in which they are running.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
40 for single-block systems.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Systems in which
the traffic-controlling devices are placed upon the car or
train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
40 for single-block systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses referred to in the
search notes appended thereto, for details of the cab and
control mechanism.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Systems in which
intermittent contacts or so-called "ramp-rails" are used for
establishing electrical connection with the moving train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+ 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
40 for single-block systems.
49 69, 70, 71, 74, and 195, for intermittent contacts
controlling cab-signals and train movements.
85 and 92, for such contacts used with other types of block
systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses given in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
229 233, 234, and 235, for intermittent contacts in motor
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+ for devices for cleaning
ice, snow, and dirt from continuous and intermittent
electrical contacts.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Systems in which
an electric circuit upon the train, normally closed through
the track rail or rails, is broken by the passage of the car
over one or move insulated rail-joints, the break in the
rails being electrically closed under conditions of safety.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
40 for single-block systems.
48 75 and 179, for bridged-insulated-rail-joint systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses given in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
a direct continuous current used for actuating and
controlling traffic-controlling devices, normally open and
derived from a source not on the train, uses both
traction-rails in series as conductors in opposite directions
for the major portion of the block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
449 450 and 451, for tie-bars with insulated joints.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 14.1, for the
structure of rail-bonds and subclass 152, for insulated
rail-joints.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Means are
provided for actuating audible or visual signals upon the cab
or train or for stopping it or controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 7+ for the transmission of teles:graphic and
telephonic communications to and from moving cars.
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Means are
provided for the control of distant or three-position signals
or for the control of a single signal from a plurality of
blocks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
subclasses 35+ 38, 39, 44+, and 46+, for systems of
distant-signal control.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 28.
Propulsion-current is superimposed upon the current
controlling the signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+ 95, 98, 128+, and 130, for track-circuit
systems.
35 36, 37, 42, and 43, for propulsion-current superimposed
upon track-circuits.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
means are provided for actuating traffic-control devices upon
the cab or train.
(1) Note. The use of fluid-pressure means upon the cab or
train for operating or controlling brake and throttle valves
or electrical controllers or for operating brakes and audible
or visual signals is not considered as combined
fluid-pressure and electric in the sense of subclass 93, and
therefore systems using such means have been herein
included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 7+ for systems which disclose or claim means for
the teles:graphic or telephonic transmission of written
matter or speech.
31 for automatic-stop systems in which electrical
propulsion-current is cut out from trolly-wire or third-rail
sections.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
an inductive relation is established between the train and
the line, no physical connection being maintained between
them.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 and 194, for inductive systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of transformers and inductive reactors.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
the source of current is a battery or dynamo placed upon the
train.
(1) Note. Systems in which train-batteries actuate local
train-circuits or supply current used for purposes other than
signal actuation or control are not here included, but will
be found in the appropriate line-battery classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 for train-battery systems from which the cab and control
feature is absent.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 9.1 for electrical systems mounted on a vehicle.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses, for miscellaneous single-generator systems. See
subclass 1 for portably mounted single-generator systems.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Systems in which
continuous contacts are maintained by shoes, brushes, and
their equivalents between two or more metallic conductors
extending parallel to the track. The traction-rails may or
may not form part of the circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 9+ 66-68, 73, and 86, for continuous- contact
systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab control and features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, appropriate
subclasses, for details of the electric conductors and
collectors.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 65. Systems in which
the continuous-contact rails, the traction-rails, or both,
are divided into sections or blocks insulated from each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 9+ 65, 67, 68, 73, and 86, for continuous-
contact systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Systems in which
a single continuous contact is maintained by shoes, brushes,
or other equivalents between the moving vehicle and a
metallic conductor extending parallel with the track.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 9+ 65, 66, 68, 73, and 86, for continuous-
contact systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, appropriate
subclasses, for details of the electric conductors and
collectors.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Systems in which
the conductor, the traction-rails, or both, are divided into
sections or blocks insulated from each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 and 71, for traction-rail return.
66 for two or more independent
single-continuous-contact-sectional systems upon the same
train, the same being, in effect, mere duplications of
systems otherwise properly classifiable in this subclass.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Systems in which
the train-current passes out by or returns through the medium
of one or more intermittent contacts or "ramp-rails",
so-called.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 70, 71, 74, 85, 92, 122, 195, 229, 233, 234, and 235,
for intermittent- contact systems from which cab and control
features are absent.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Systems in which
the traction-rails form part of the circuit, the current
passing through them in both directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 69, 74, 85, 92, 122, 195, 229, 233, 234, and 235, for
intermittent-contact systems from which cab and control
features are absent.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Systems in which
the traction-rails form part of the circuit, the current
passing through them in one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 69, 70, 85, 92, 122, 195, 229, 233, 234, and 235, for
intermittent-contact systems from which cab and control
features are absent.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
the electrical energy is derived from the
propulsion-current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 81+ for propulsion-current signaling.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
the current is conducted from the track through the cab or
car by means of a continuous contact maintained with one or
more line conductors, not traction-rails, for the major
portion of the block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 9+ 65+, 67+, and 87, for continuous-contact
systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow, and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, appropriate
subclasses, for details of the electric conductors and
collectors.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
the current is conducted from the track through the cab or
car by means of intermittent contacts, periodically
established, with contact-plates, ramp-rails, or similar
devices other than traction-rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 69, 70, 71, 85, 92, 195, 229, 233, 234, and 235, for
systems with intermittent contacts from which cab signal and
train-control features are absent.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+ for devices for cleaning
ice, snow and dirt from continuous and intermittent
electrical contacts.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems in which
an electrical circuit upon the train, normally closed through
the track rail or rails, is broken by the passage of the car
over one or more insulated rail-joints, the break in the
rails being electrically closed under conditions of safety.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 57 and 179, for systems disclosing bridged-insulated
rail-joints or analogous features.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Systems includes
electrically-actuated track-detents or obstacles mechanically
actuate mechanism on moving trains, such as brake-valves,
levers, circuit-closers, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for track-detents used in various
systems of block, frequently for actuating the cab and
control mechanism.
subclasses 201+ for the structure of the track-detent.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Counting and
cancelling mechanism, usually of the step-by-step variety, is
provided, whereby as many trains or car-wheels as enter must
leave the block before the signal can be restored to safety.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 72, 81, and 247, for systems using propulsion-current, but
lacking counting and canceling devices.
19 78+ and 247, for counting mechanism.
subclasses 246+ and subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter
having ratchet-wheels which are actuated and controlled by
pawls or escapements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 72, 77+, and 247, for details of the counting and
canceling devices.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Subject matter
having a single ratchet-wheel which is actuated by two
opposed pawls moving in the same plane and tending to turn it
in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 72, 77+, and 247, for details of the counting and
canceling devices.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Subject matter
having two ratchet-wheels which are placed in parallel on the
same arbor or a single wheel having two sets of teeth in
parallel is actuated by opposed pawls to produce rotation in
opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 72, 77+, and 247, for details of the counting and
canceling devices.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Subject matter
having the propulsion-current used to actuate or control the
signals of the block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for propulsion-current signaling.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
having one or more circuit-controllers continuously rotated
in one direction, which are actuated either electrically or
mechanically, but which do not perform a counting and
canceling function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 246+ and the subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
in which circuit-controllers are provided which are
mechanically actuated by the moving car.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 77, and appropriate indented subclasses, and 81, for
systems making use of propulsion-current.
subclasses 246+ and the subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for the structure of the controller.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Subject matter
having circuit-controllers actuated by the trolley-arm plow
or other current-collector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 77, and appropriate indented subclasses, and 81, for
systems making use of propulsion-current.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter
having traffic-controlling devices actuated or controlled by
circuits closed through intermittent contacts established
between the moving vehicle and stationary conductors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 69, 74, 92, and 195, for systems using intermittent
contacts.
subclasses 77+ for systems making use of the
propulsion-current.
229 233, 234+, 254, and 255, for structure of such contacts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow, and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
the source of the current is carried upon the train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 9+ 65, 68, and 73, for continuous-contact
systems.
subclasses 64+ for train-current-supply systems.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Systems in which
the source of the current is not carried on the train.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Systems in which
a plurality of signals, usually electric lamps, are displayed
within the block.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 246+ and the subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Systems in which
the circuit for actuating or controlling the signals is
opened of closed by car-wheels bridging two short parallel
insulated track-sections.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for short-sectional-rail-closure systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Systems in which
the circuit for actuating or controlling the signals is
opened or closed by controllers actuated by the energy of the
moving train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 246+ and the subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Systems in which
the car-actuated controllers governs the action of one or
more controllers of other circuits, which perform the
function of a relay.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Systems in which
the circuit is closed by devices carried by the train, which
make electrical connection with short rails, contact-plates,
etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 69, 70, 71, 74, 85, 195, 229, 233, 234, 235, and 254,
for intermittent- contact systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
having electrical and fluid-pressure means used in
combination for the actuation and control of roadway-signals,
track-detents, contacts, and similar devices, irrespective of
the means employed upon the train for actuating the cab and
control mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 140+ for interlocking mechanism actuated by
electric fluid-pressure means.
subclasses 257+ and the subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for fluid-pressure-motor structure.
258 and 259, for electric fluid-pressure motors for
actuating switches and signals generally.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Subject matter
in which means are provided for actuating signals upon the
train or for stopping it or controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 and 141, for interlocking mechanism actuated by electric
fluid-pressure means.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
subclasses 257+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for fluid-pressure-motor structure.
258 and 259, for electric fluid-pressure motors for
actuating switches and signals generally.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Systems which
are controlled through track-circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 70, 94, 98, 128, 129, and 130, for
track-circuit control.
subclasses 257+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for fluid-pressure-motor structure.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
having electrical and mechanical means used in combination
for the actuation and control of roadway-signals, detents,
and other track devices, irrespective of any means employed
upon the train for actuating cab and control mechanism. The
mechanical means may or may not utilize the energy of the
moving vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 through 99 and 263, for electromechanical systems.
102 103 and 262, for mechanical-motor systems.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating audible or visible
signals upon the car or train or for stopping it or
controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 98, 99, and 263, for electromechanical systems.
102 103 and 262, for mechanical-motor systems.
subclasses 167+ and subclasses specified in the notes
thereto for cab and control features.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter
having track circuits to control the traffic-controlling
devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 34+, 41+, 58+, 70, 95, 128, 129, 130, and 160, for the
control of signals through track-circuits.
subclasses 96+ and 263, for the electromechanical actuation
of signals.
102 103 and 262, for mechanical-motor systems.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter
having clockwork or similar trains of gearing which are made
use of and are provided with electrically-actuated escapement
or latch-release devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 97, 98, and 263, for mechanical switch and signal motors
electrically controlled.
102 103 and 262, for mechanical-motor systems.
110 and 262+, for signals actuated by clockwork.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
having fluid-pressure means used for actuating and
controlling roadway-signals, detents, and other track
devices, irrespective of the means employed upon the train
for actuating the cab and control mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 93+ 116, 139, 142, 257+, and 361, for
fluid-pressure actuation of signals.
140 141, 258, and 259, for electrically-controlled, for fluid
pressure actuation of signals.
257 see search notes appended thereto, for fluid-pressure
structure.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating audible or visible
signals upon the cab or train or for stopping it or
controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
subclasses 257+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for fluid-pressure-motor structure.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter
having roadway-signals, detents, and other track devices
actuated and controlled solely by mechanical means, usually
involving direct contact with the moving train or some device
attached thereto, and irrespective of the means employed upon
the train, if any, for actuating the cab and control
mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 113 and 262, for mechanical systems.
subclasses 201+ for the track-detent.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating audible or visible
signals upon the cab or train or for stopping it or
controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 102+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for mechanical-motor systems.
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Subject matter
having traffic-controlling devices actuated either by manual
power or by manually-controlled power mechanism.
(1) Note. So-called "manual-block systems" are here
included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 and appropriate indented subclasses, for systems of
manual actuation in combination with automatic signals.
112 and 117, for manual systems at grade-crossing.
118 and 119, for manual systems at draw-bridges.
143 through 158, for manual systems of interlocking.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter
having signals either actuated or controlled by electric
means or having electricity used for performing some function
other than transmitting telephonic or code messages to the
signalmen.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 22+ for electromanual systems automatically
controlled by the trains or cars.
104 for systems which are otherwise manual and which use
electrical means for the purposes of communication between
signalmen in cabins. Also see search notes appended
thereto.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Subject matter
having a signal which cannot be cleared at one end of the
block until it has been electrically unlocked by the operator
at the other end.
(1) Note. The so-called "manual lock and block systems" are
here included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
25 26 and 131+, for locking features.
Subclass:
107
Subject matter under subclasss 20 having devices which are
used for permanently recording the movements of trains,
signals, or other movable units or indicating the disregard
of signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
123 and 185, for recording systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for recorder
structure.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and devices which include means for giving a time indication
concerning trains which have previously passed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
109 110 and 123, for time-indication systems.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Systems and
devices in which the retarded flow of gases, liquids, or
finely-divided particles of solids is utilized for giving the
time indication.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 108. Systems and
devices in which a visual indicator set by the last train
which passed is suddenly obscured or reset at the expiration
of a predetermined time-limit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 98, 102, 108, 109, 248, and 262, for systems and devices
more or less analogous.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and devices which include any arrangement of
train-controlling means--such as signals, derails,
interlocking, automatic stops, etc., --designed to prevent
collisions where two or more lines of railway cross at
grade.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
118 for similar systems used at drawbridges.
125 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented subclasses
for signal structure.
465 and the subclasses indicated in the search notes
appended thereto, for the structure of the crossing.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
in which the train automatically cooperates with human agency
in the actuation or control of the traffic devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 21+ for semi-automatic block-signaling systems.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses for signal structure.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
having means actuated or controlled automatically by the
approaching train and without the intervention of human
agency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 27 and 125+, which have automatic actuation or control of
the type required, for systems of automatic actuation and
control.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses for signal structure.
118 for drawbridge protection is general.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Subject matter
having electric means for the actuation or control of the
traffic-controlling devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter
having means provided for giving indications upon the train
or for stopping it or controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Subject matter
having fluid-pressure means for the actuation or control of
the signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 100, 101, 139, 142, 257, 271, 272, and 361, for systems
using fluid-pressure means.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating audible or visual signals
upon the cab or train or for stopping it or controlling its
speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under the class definition. System
of train-controlling means designed to prevent trains and
cars from running into an open drawbridge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ for analogous systems of grade crossing
protection.
125 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented subclasses
for signal structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
14, Bridges, subclass 30, 41, 46, 55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67,
and 69, for bridges having movable parts such as drawbridges
and having locking devices and 49 and 50+ for gates and
signals operated or controlled by the opening of the bridge.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating signals on approaching
trains or for stopping them or controlling their motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having signals, indicators, and train-controlling
devices which are automatically set at "danger" by the
occurrence of any defect in the permanent way, including
bridges.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ 118 and 220, for analogous systems.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter
having roadway-defect signals which are actuated or
controlled by electrical means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 246+ and appropriate subclasses mentioned in the
search notes appended thereto, for structure of the
circuit-controllers.
subclasses 473+ and appropriate subclasses mentioned in the
search notes appended thereto, for signal structure.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and devices in which the train automatically indicates its
position upon the line as by lights, indicators, moving
diagrams, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
116, Signals and Indicators, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous nonelectrical signals.
235, Registers, appropriate subclasses for registering
apparatus and systems.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Systems in
which a permanent record is automatically made at a distant
station of the time at which a train passes a given point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 5 and 108+, for automatic-signal or time indication.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
346, Recorders, appropriate subclass.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Systems in
which an audible or visual indication is given, usually in a
tower or station, of the approach of a train, and in some
cases also of its number, its intended route, or other
necessary information.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 162 and 220, for switch and block-system signal
indicators or recorders.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
in which highway-crossing signals, gates, and mine-doors are
actuated or controlled from the moving train or vehicle by
electrical means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented subclasses
for signal structure.
221 and the appropriate indented subclasses, for the
electric actuation of switches and signals other than those
used at highway-crossing.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
261 and 272, for gate structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
49, Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses,
for closures (gates) and closure-actuating mechanism.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
having car-actuated circuit-controllers located on the right
of way.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
various types of circuit-controllers.
subclasses 246+ 253 and 255, for systems using
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
where the actuated devices are either crossing-gates,
mine-doors, or curtains.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses for signal structure.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
where the primary or controlling track-circuit is normally
open.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 58+ for systems of open-track-circuit control.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 128. Subject matter
where an open circuit is closed by the car-wheels bridging
two short parallel insulated sections of the traction-rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
89 for systems using short sectional rail-closures.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
where the controlling track-circuit is normally closed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 41, and appropriate indented subclasses, and 98, for
normally closed track-circuits.
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means for actuating switches, signals, locks,
derails, and similar independently-movable units of this
class in such manner as to insure predetermined sequences of
operation so far as they may be needed to restrain the
movement of all other devices which, if actuated, would give
rise to a condition of danger.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
25 26 and 106, for locking in connection with block systems.
253 for switch or signal actuated controllers in which a
plurality of circuits are closed or broken by the movement of
the switch or signal and in which a predetermined sequence of
operations is sometimes provided for.
401 for switch stands having rail lock and position
indicating means.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
where electrical means are provided for actuating the movable
units.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 28, 93, 96, 105, 114, 121, 125, 193, 202, 220, and 221,
and appropriate indented subclasses, for the electric
actuation of signals.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
having electrical means provided for actuating the locks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 19, 25, 26, 106, 130, and 146, and appropriate indented
subclasses under subclass 131, for various types of
interlocking.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
in which a definite route or itinerary is set up through a
system of tracks by a smaller number of actuating levers or
devices than would usually be required.
(1) Note. The term "program-locking" is sometimes applied
to this system in foreign practice.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
155 156 and 157, for rod-saving devices.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
in which the actuating lever or device is prevented by
electric locks from completing its movement, and from thereby
releasing the other devices which it controls, until the
actuated unit is in full normal or reversed position,
whereupon a return-release-indication current is sent back,
unlocking the actuating-lever and either effecting or
permitting the completion of its movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137 138, 141, and 142, for return-release-indication.
222 for return-indication-current generation.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
in which the locking is effected by mechanical connections
between the actuating levers or devices.
(1) Note. This type of interlocking is known to the Railway
Signal Association by the title "electromechanical
interlocking".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 and appropriate indented subclasses for mechanical
locking.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter
in which the actuating lever or device is prevented by
electric locks from completing its movement, and from thereby
unlocking the other devices which it controls, until the
actuated unit is in full normal or reverse position,
whereupon a return-release-indication current is sent back,
unlocking the actuating-lever and permitting or effecting the
completion of its movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 138, 141, and 142, for return-release-indication.
222 for return-indication-current generation.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter
in which the release-locking is applied to sliding members
which actuate the circuit-closers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 137, 141, and 142, for return-release indication.
222 for return-indication-current generation.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
in which fluid-pressure means are used for actuating the
movable units.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 100, 101, 116, 257, 271, 272, and 361+, for systems using
fluid-pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 399 for a fluid- pressure
actuator of general utility in which unsafeness, unreadiness
or disarray prevents a manual change in the operative state
of the system.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses,
for the structure of the motor.
188, Brakes, subclass 153, for fluid-pressure-operated brakes
applied to rail vehicles.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System, appropriate
subclasses, for systems for distributing fluid to brake
motors.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate
subclasses, for rotary expansible-chamber devices, per se.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter
in which the units are actuated by electrically-controlled
fluid-pressure means.
(1) Note. This type is known to the Railway Signal
Association as "electro pneumatic interlocking".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 94, 95, 258, and 259, for electro-fluid-pressure systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System, subclasses
15+, and 20 for railway-brakes actuated by
electrically-controlled fluid-pressure means.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which the actuating lever or device is prevented by
electric locks from completing its movement and thereby
unlocking the other device which it controls, until the
actuated unit is in full normal or reverse position,
whereupon a return-release-indication current is sent back,
unlocking the actuating-lever and permitting or effecting the
completion of its movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 137, 138, and 142, for return-release indication.
222 for return-indication-current generation.
257 see search notes appended thereto, for
fluid-pressure-motor structure.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter
in which the actuating lever or device is prevented by
electric locks from completing its movement, and from thereby
unlocking the other devices which it controls, until the
actuated unit is in full normal or reversed position,
whereupon a return-release indication current is sent back,
unlocking the actuating-lever and permitting or effecting the
completion of its movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 137, 138, and 141, for return-release indication.
222 for return-indication-current generation.
257 see the search notes appended thereto, for
fluid-pressure-motor structure.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
in which units are actuated by manual power transmitted from
the signal-cabin by rods or cables.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 through 119, for manual interlocking at grade-crossings,
and drawbridges.
144 and 145, for interlocked switchstands.
subclasses 393+ for devices located at switches for their
manual actuation.
489 for miscellaneous mechanism for manually operating
switches or signals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 469+ for
miscellaneous control lever and linkage systems.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
having switch-stands where the signal and switch do not move
simultaneously, but independently, in a prearranged sequence
of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 through 119, for manual interlocking at grade-crossings
and drawbridges.
278 284, 290, and 393, and the appropriate indented
subclasses, for switch-stand structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 483 for mechanism
for the interlocking of two or more levers or cranks.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Subject matter
in which the switch stands are provided with separate levers
for the switch and the target or signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 284, 290, and 393+, for switch-stand structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 483 for mechanism
for the interlocking of two or more levers or cranks.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter
in which the locking mechanism is effected by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 19, 25+, 106, 133+, 139, 159, and 165, for details of
electric locking.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter
in which the locking mechanism is effected by mechanical
connections between the operating levers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 15+ 112, 113, 116, 117, 118+, 131, 132, 136+,
139, 142, 144+, 156, 160, and 164, for details of mechanical
locking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 519+, and 543+,
for details of hand-levers secured to quandrants by
hand-actuated latches.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter
in which the actuation of the quandrant-latch or its
equivalent completely actuates the locking mechanism before
the lever can begin its movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
136 139 and 140, for various types of interlocking.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 148. Subject matter
in which a parallel system of tappet-rods, each directly
connected to an operating-lever, cooperates with tappets in
actuating a parallel system of locking-rods moving at right
angles thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for tappet-interlocking.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter
having locking and unlocking mechanism in which the locking
and unlocking is performed by the motion of the lever itself
instead of by the motion of its latch, a system of parallel
tappet-rods cooperating, through tappets, with a system of
parallel locking-rods moving at right angles thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 for tappet-interlocking.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter
having devices by which any attempt to unlock and shift a
switch, signal, or other movable unit of an interlocking
plant is restrained by the contact, with one or more wheels
of a passing car, of a movable bar longer than the greatest
distance between such wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
21 102, 112, 113, 158, 203, 304+, 310, 311, 313, and 358, for
devices of similar structure.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter
having devices for compensating for the expansion and
contraction of wires, rods and similar connections used
between signals, switches, etc., and their operating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 111+ for
details of intermittent-grip devices, and subclass 501.5 for
constant-tension-sustaining devices for flexible cable
operators.
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclass
182 for compensation devices used with pendulums.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter
having compensators in which the slack is taken up by means
of one or more counterweights.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
having counterweight-compensators in which the
actuating-lever is normally detached from the connecting
cable or rod and connected therewith by grip devices only
during the period of actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 111+, for
details of intermittent-grip devices.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Subject matter
having devices used in the mechanical actuation of switches
and signals, whereby the functions of several connecting-rods
are performed by a smaller number of rods.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
having devices for connecting single operating-levers,
wheels, etc., with any one of two or more rods, cables, or
operating devices used for actuating switches, signals,
derailing-blocks, and other movable units of the class.
(1) Note. Selectors are often used in connection with
so-called "route-indicators."
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 157, 164, and 165, for selective mechanism.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter
actuated or controlled by electrical means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 156, 164, and 165, for selective mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 825+ for
electric selective-signaling systems of general application.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Subject matter
having rod-saving devices whereby the movement of one lever
both actuates the switch and also either locks it, indicates
or detects its motion, shifts a detector or locking bar, or
performs both of these additional functions.
(1) Note. This subclass includes most of the so-called
"detectors" and "point-locks" of English inter locking
practice.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
having mechanism spatially separated from but interlocked
with the mechanism of the central tower and usually located
near switches and signals, whereby they can be shifted by
others than the tower operator, provided the conditions are
safe for such movement, in which case the full protection of
the entire interlocking system is afforded until the switches
and signals are properly replaced.
(1) Note. This subclass includes the so-called "Annette's
key" and similar movable devices and also what is known as
"check-locking", whereby the levers in two adjacent
interlocking plants are so interlocked temporarily as to
permit train movements between them to be made safely against
the current of traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 for staff and tablet block systems.
131 and appropriate indented subclasses.
160 for systems having means to lock the switch or signal in
position upon the approach of a train.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Systems, mostly
electric, wherein upon the approach of a train to the switch
or signal the switches, signals, or other movable elements
are automatically locked in position.
(1) Note. The systems in this subclass are sometimes
referred to in the art under the term "electric detectors".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 25+ for semi-automatic electro manual
lock-and-block signal systems.
106 for manually controlled electrically actuated
lock-and-block signaling systems.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
having mechanism for preventing the reversal of a switch or
signal movement until after the lapse of a definite interval
of time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, subclasses 267-274, for mechanically or
electrically-operated time-interval controlled locks.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter
having devices for indicating the position or motion of a
distant switch, signal, or similar movable element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 124, 135, 137, 141, 142, 162, 176, 217, 220, 253, and
476, for other switches and signals provided with indicating
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 825+ for
electric selective-signaling systems of general application,
subclass 298 for signal box type signaling systems having
answer back provision, and subclasses 313+ for
answer-back-electric signaling systems.
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for recorder systems
and recorders.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Blocks or
similar movable devices which can be placed upon or near the
track for derailing such trains as disregard a signal.
(1) Note. Switches used as details in place of
derailing-blocks are classified under the specific type of
switch unless accompanied by operating mechanism especially
adapted for actuating them as derails, in which case they are
classified here.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 262+, for devices for replacing car
wheels on the rails when they have been derailed.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including devices which require the cooperation of two
or more operators or moving elements for effecting a
movement, as in clearing a signal, while any one of them can
independently effect the reverse movement, as setting it to
"danger". Includes "replacers" and "reversers", so-called,
and coupling devices for disconnecting signals, switches,
etc., from their operating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 156, 157, 165, for selective mechanisms.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter
which is electrically controlled in whole or in part.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having pilot-cars and compression buffers in front of
a train or car or designed to run ahead or behind the train
and provided with means for operating signals upon the train,
stopping it, controlling its motion, or signaling danger to
other approaching cars or trains.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclasses 220+ for buffer
structure for railway trains.
Subclass:
166.1
SIGNALLING BETWEEN OCCUPANTS OF A TRAIN:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter including systems which permit a conductor, or other
occupant, of a car or train to signal or communicate with the
engineer, or another occupant, along the car or train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 7+ for railroad-telephony systems utilized for
dispatching.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
379, Telephonic Communications, appropriate subclasses for
telephonic communication systems which may be used for
communication along a train.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter for the automatic actuation of signals and changeable
exhibitors upon the cab or train or for stopping it or
controlling its speed, usually by cooperation with means not
on the train, but not disclosing a complete block system.
(1) Note. This subclass includes cooperating devices on
both roadway and train, (the former including the
traction-rail itself, when so used); but where all devices
are located on the train this subclass and the indented
subclasses are limited to means for preventing railway
accidents by automatic signals or train control in cases of
derailment, broken parts, improperly-adjusted parts, etc.;
ordinary signaling between train occupants or train control
exercised by train occupants being excluded. Such signaling
will be found in the appropriate subclasses of Class 116,
Signals and Indicators, and in this class (246), subclass
166.1.
(2) Note. For similar train control or cab- signaling
devices in combination with block-signal systems see "Cab and
control" subclasses under the preceding types of block-signal
systems.
(3) Note. For motor control automatically exercised by the
speed of the vehicle and without cooperating with track
devices or axle-driven mechanism search the specific motor
classes--e.g., 91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 318,
Electricity: Motive Power Systems.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 6, 23, 47 to 49, 55 to 57, 59, 62 to 76, 94 to 97, 101,
103, 115, 117, 119, and 394, for cab signal or train
control.
7 and appropriate indented subclasses, for teles:graphic or
telephonic communication between the train and a
roadway-office or other point not on the train.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclass 370 and 463+
for changeable exhibitors on the train electrically actuated
or controlled by obstacles upon the track.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type. (See (3) Note).
116, Signals and Indicators, subclass 28 for nonelectric
means of communication between occupants of the train or
vehicle. (Also see (1) Note).
178, Telegraphy, and 379, Telephonic Communications,
appropriate subclasses for electrical means of communication
between occupants of the train or vehicle.
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 5, 6 and 7.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems (see (3) Note).
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses.
379, Telephonic Communications. (See Class 178 above).
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices,
subclasses 82+ for a public-address system for a train, and
subclass 86 for other electrical one-way audio signal
transmission in a train.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
designed for avoiding accidents by the use of automatic
train-signals or train control when trains part through the
breaking or uncoupling of the couplers.
(1) Note. Most of the train-signal systems of Class 116,
Signals and Indicators and Class 340, Communications:
Electrical, will incidentally give a signal upon the parting
of a train, but even when a different kind of audible signal
is given upon such parting from the signal given in the
ordinary use of Class 116 or Class 340 devices, the systems
are placed in those signaling classes and not here included
unless there is some special modification of the mechanism
for actuating this different kind of signal. Also when a
train parts, brakes are usually automatically applied by the
discharge of train-pipe pressure; but unless some special
modification of the system is made, i.e., as when the brakes
are applied on the rear and not on the front portion of the
train, the devices are classified in the appropriate
subclasses of Class 188, Brakes, and Class 303,
Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System, and not here
included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 all subclasses mentioned in the search notes appended
thereto, for other systems having cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
116, Signals and Indicators. (See Note 1).
188, Brakes. (See Note 1).
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System. (See Note
1).
340, Communications: Electrical. (See (1) Note).
Subclass:
168.1
Wheel slip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
including means for generating a cab.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having means automatically actuated by defects in or breakage
of parts of the rolling-stock or by improper adjustment of
appliances, which are liable to cause disaster, such as
broken wheel-flanges, fallen brake-beams, defects in
running-gear and brake systems, improper coupling of
air-brake pipes, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for other systems having cab and control
features.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having means actuated by the derailment of one or more wheels
of the train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for other systems having cab and control
features.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
having a trip which on derailment comes into contact with the
road-bed or traction-rail.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter
having a frangible closure for the train-pipe of an airbrake
system, broken upon derailment or other condition of danger,
usually by contact with the roadway, whereby the brakes are
automatically applied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
199 for other subject matter under subclass 167 having a
frangible closure for the train-pipe.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter
where the control is effected by the inertia of the trip, as
when the vehicle is severely jolted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 52
for inertia operated switches.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having a signal, bell or whistle, which is automatically
sounded upon the train as it approaches the
high-way-crossing, station, tunnel, curve, or other place for
which a signal should be given.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Subject matter,
the signal consists of a succession of long and short
whistle-blasts or their equivalent, resembling a letter of
the Morse teles:graphic code.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclasses 79+ for telegraph-code
transmitters.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having switches provided with means whereby signals are given
upon the approaching train or the train is stopped or its
speed controlled when the switch is in a dangerous position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
where the actuation of the cab signal or train-control
devices is automatically prevented under prearranged
conditions, for the most part those of safety, having been
previously initiated by automatic means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Subject matter
where the control devices are of an electric or magnetic
nature.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter
having control devices whose actuation is initiated by an
electric circuit on the train normally closed through the
track-rails and which is broken by the passage of the train
over one or more insulated rail-joints placed at the point of
initiation and which are electrically bridged or connected
when the cab signal or train-control mechanism is not to be
actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 57 and 75, for the insulated-rail-joint feature.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes thereto
appended, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter
having control devices whose actuation is initiated by
breaking a normally closed circuit placed on the train, which
contains a circuit-controller actuated by contact with
track-trips at the point of initiation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
246 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for various types of circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter
having control devices whose actuation is initiated by
mechanical means, such as track-trips directly or indirectly
acting upon the cab-signals and train-control devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and subclasses mentioned in the search notes appended
thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having speed-control means which is inoperative below but
operative above predetermined speeds when predetermined
points are reached.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
206 for structure of fixed track-trips.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 488+ for a
speed-responsive device, per se.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Systems in
which the engineer or motorman can pass the track device
without receiving the signal or having his train stopped or
its speed reduced, by manually preventing the train mechanism
from cooperating with the track device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 for recording devices in block-signaling systems.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
in which a "service-stop" so called, is made, as
distinguished from an emergency-stop, the brakes being
applied gradually and not suddenly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having recording devices to be used in connection with cab
signal and train-control mechanism for making a record in
case an employee disregards the signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 for recording devices in block-signaling systems.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
199 for frangible pipe-closures, the breaking of which
indicates a disregard of the signals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for recording devices
and systems for recording motion and position of signals.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having means placed upon the train for controlling the motive
power used for propelling the train or vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 182, 184, and 185, for devices not on the train whereby an
electric car is deprived of propulsion-current under
conditions of danger.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter
having electric means for controlling the motive power.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
218 and appropriate indented subclasses for electric-motor
means for actuating switches or signals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 295+ for external control of
vehicle-carried propulsion means wherein a peculiar type of
guideway is claimed (e.g., cable, model, overhead, etc.).
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Subject matter
having the throttle-valve of a steam-locomotive directly
actuated by fluid-pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
257 and appropriate indented subclasses for fluid-motor
means for actuating switches or signals.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having means provided for actuating the engineer's
brake-valve instead of a train-pipe valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
184 185, 186, and 190, for other engineer's-brake-valve
actuation within the class definition.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
relating to the structure of the vent-valve of the air-brake
train-pipe when especially adapted to be operated or
controlled by track devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
182 and 184, for other train-pipe-valve structure under
subclass 167.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having visual signals provided which are especially adapted
for use in the engine-cab or on the train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
182 through 190, for other systems under subclass 167 having
visual cab signals.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter
having devices placed on the train which cooperate with track
devices in actuating cab signal and train-control mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 482+, for
obstacle operated station and route indicators placed on
moving vehicles.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Subject matter
having train mechanism actuated or controlled by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
202 for track trips actuated or controlled by magnetic
means.
249 for electric or magnetic car actuated circuit
controllers.
360 for electric or magnetic train trips.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Subject matter
where the track device acts upon the train mechanism by
electric induction and without physical contact between
them.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 and 63, for inductive block-signaling systems.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of transformers and inductive reactors.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Subject matter
having intermittent contacts or so-called "ramp-rails" used
for conducting electric current from the roadway to the
vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 69+, 74, 85, 92, 122, 229+, and 233+, for other
systems and devices within the class definition having
intermittent-contact systems.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 463+, for
circuits on trains completed through intermittent-contact
devices on the track.
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for devices for cleaning ice,
snow and dirt from continuous and intermittent electrical
contacts.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Subject matter
having circuit-controlling devices upon the train for opening
or closing train-circuits are actuated by track devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses referred to in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
246 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for various types of circuit closers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 463+, for
circuit-controllers on cars actuated by track devices.
104, Railways, subclass 117.1, and 295+, for circuit
controllers on trains actuated by trips or other devices on
or adjacent the track or guideway when claimed in combination
with a peculiar type of track or guideway (e.g., cable,
model, overhead, etc.).
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Subject matter
having the train mechanism actuated from the roadway by
magnetic means and without physical contact between the
train-trip and track-detent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 63, 194, 202, 249, and 265, for other inductive systems
within the class definition.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
198
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Subject matter
having the train mechanism actuated only when the car or
train is moving forward and not when moving backward.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for cab and control features.
250 and 298, for single-direction actuation.
Subclass:
199
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Subject matter
having frangible devices, usually closures, for train-pipes
which are broken by contact with track-detents and so either
vent the train-pipe of the air-brake system or actuate stop
or signal mechanism, their fracture indicating that a signal
has been disregarded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 123 and 185, for recording devices indicating the
disregard of signals.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
172 for frangible pipe-closures which are broken by the
derailment of one or more wheels.
Subclass:
200
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Subject matter
having a lever carried by the train moved by contact with a
track-trip.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
308 339, 341, 352, 353, 354, 355, and 365, for other lever
actuation within the class definition.
Subclass:
201
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Devices placed
upon the track and which cooperate with mechanism upon the
train in actuating signals thereupon or stopping it or
controlling its speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 297 and 322, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
other track devices within the class definition.
167 and all subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for cab and control features.
Subclass:
202
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Track-trips
actuated or controlled by electrical or magnetic means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 for automatic electric actuation by track mechanism of
signals and gates.
Subclass:
203
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Track-trips
composed of a single pivoted member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 341+, 344+, and 351+, for automatic switch actuation by
means of pivoted members.
Subclass:
204
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Track-trips
moving vertically into operative position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for lower number than 201, and all
subclasses mentioned in the search notes appended thereto,
for cab and control features.
307 310 and 313, for automatic signal or gate actuation
controlled by means of similar mechanism.
subclasses 351+ for automatic switch actuation controlled
by means of similar mechanism.
Subclass:
205
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Track-trips
moving laterally into operative position.
Subclass:
206
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Track-trips
having no moving parts and permanently fixed in operative
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
182 for fixed track-trips in speed-control systems.
Subclass:
207
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Portable
track-trips without moving parts for use in emergencies by
trainmen and others and which can be temporarily secured in
operative position at any point required.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
477 for means of attachment of visual signals to the track.
Subclass:
208
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Signals, usually visual, displayed upon or given from a
standing or moving car or train to warn those attempting to
cross the track behind it that a car is approaching from the
opposite direction.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
116, Signals and Indicators, subclass 30 for car and train
markers.
Subclass:
209
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Station-signals for the use of passengers in signaling for
stopping trains, usually provided with means by which they
are automatically reset when the train departs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 14+ for station, block or train-order signals.
subclasses 473+ for miscellaneous signal structure within
the class definition.
Subclass:
210
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means actuated by the movement of a switch,
signal, drawbridge, etc., for placing detonating signals
where a train can explode them.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
487 for the structure of the detonating signal (e.g.,
torpedo).
Subclass:
211
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter
where the means is electrically-actuated.
Subclass:
212
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter
having a plurality of torpedoes stored in a magazine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
221, Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for article
dispensers not otherwise provided for, including many in
which the source of supply is a magazine for the articles.
Subclass:
213
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
having the torpedoes fed by gravity from a vertical
magazine.
Subclass:
214
This subclass is indented under subclass 212. Subject matter
having a rotary magazine for the storage of the torpedoes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
221, Article Dispensing, subclass 113 and 119+ for rotatably
mounted article dispensing structures not otherwise provided
for, and see the search notes thereto.
Subclass:
215
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter
having car-attached mechanism for placing the torpedo upon
the rail while the car is in motion.
Subclass:
216
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Hand-held
mechanism for placing torpedoes upon the track from the rear
platform of a moving car.
Subclass:
217
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Audible
indicators, such as bells and torpedoes, indicating that
visual signals or switches are at the danger position or that
dangerous conditions exist ahead.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 167+ for cab signals placed upon the train.
subclasses 210+ for mechanism for placing torpedoes upon
the tracks in response to the movement of a switch signal or
drawbridge.
Subclass:
218
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Systems
and mechanism for the electrical actuation of switches,
signals and other elements of the class.
Subclass:
219
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Circuits and
systems of circuits especially adapted for controlling the
operation of switch and signal motors, but not equivalent to
a complete block, crossing, or other system.
Subclass:
220
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter,
having signals which are electrically controlled or actuated
for indicating the position of track-switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 122+, 162, 176, 217, and 476, for signals and
indicators.
subclasses 111+ 118+, 120+, and 476, for related systems and
devices.
Subclass:
221
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
having electric-motor means placed upon the roadway and
especially adapted for actuating switches, signals, and other
similar movable elements of this class.
Subclass:
222
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter
whereby when the switch or signal movement has been
accomplished a return-indication current is generated and
sent back to the actuating devices to operate indicators,
release operating-levers, locks, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 137+, 141, and 142, for other devices and systems having
means for indicating the operation of a switch or signal.
Subclass:
223
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter
especially adapted for actuating three-position signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 44 and 45, for so-called "wireless" controls" in
block-signaling systems.
39 and 46+, for line-wire control in block signaling
systems.
53 for details of three-position-signal actuation in block
signaling systems.
60 for general schemes of three-position-signal control.
224 for motor means for actuating home and distant signals
upon the same mast.
subclasses 479+ for the structure of semaphores.
Subclass:
224
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter
especially adapted for the operation of two signals- a home
and a distant-placed upon the same mast.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 38, 39, 44, and 46+, for block-signaling systems having
means for controlling home and distant signals.
481 for the home and distant semaphore, per se.
Subclass:
225
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter
in which the motor armature reciprocates or oscillates in a
substantially straight line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 15+
for reciprocating electrical motors or generators.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 119+
for systems for controlling reciprocating or oscillating
electric motors.
Subclass:
226
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
having means for actuating track-switches by manipulation of
the controller of an electrically-propelled car, current
being either used or cut out, while passing an insulated
section of third rail or trolley-wire connected to the
switch-motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 415+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
Subclass:
227
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Subject matter
in which an armature or double core of the motor reciprocates
between two opposed magnets or solenoids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 231+ for similar motor actuation of switches
where the motor is not controller actuated.
Subclass:
228
Subject matter under subclasss 227 having a circuit-changer
which is moved electrically or mechanically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
232 and 242, for similar motor actuation of switches where
the motor is not controller-actuated.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
245+ for polarity reversing.
Subclass:
229
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter
in which two successive or tandem contacts or insulated
sections of track or trolley-wire are connected to the two
magnets or solenoids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
233 for similar subject matter where tandem-contact switches
are used.
Subclass:
230
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Subject matter
in which each motion of a reciprocating member alternately
throws the track-switch first in one direction and then in
the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 327, 328, 342, 347, 348, 350, and 354, for other
alternate-throw switch or signal actuation and for similar
devices in this class.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
in which an armature or double core moves between two opposed
electromagnets or solenoids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 227+ for similar subject matter having
controller-actuated switches.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter
having devices by which the circuit connections are changed
during or at the completion of the given movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 and 242, for other circuit-changer systems in this
class.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
245+ for polarity reversing.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter
for switches provided with and which have a separate contact
device for each magnet, the same being arranged in tandem or
succession, usually in front of the switch to be actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
229 for similar tandem-contact systems which have
controller-actuated switches in this class.
Subclass:
234
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter
for switches and which have a pair of contact plates,
conductors, or ramp-rails (one for each magnet) placed
together in parallel in front of the switch, and provided
with means on the car for making electrical connection with
either one of same, as desired.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 56, 69 to 71, 74, 85, 92, 195, 229, 233, and 235, for
other systems using intermittent contacts in this class.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
235
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Subject matter
for switches and having an electric switch or shunt circuit
controller mechanism on the car, whereby the proper solenoid
or magnet may be energized.
Subclass:
236
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
having mechanical means arranged so that each motion of a
reciprocating member alternately throws the track-switch
first in one direction and then in the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 327, 328, 342, 347, 348, 350, and 354, for other
alternate-throw mechanism and similar devices in this class.
Subclass:
237
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter
in which the elements actuated are set and held against
gravity or a spring, which restores them to their original
position upon the cessation of current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 239, 243, 244, 290, 291, and 310 to 321, for other
fly-back systems in this class.
Subclass:
238
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter
in which the elements actuated are set and held in position
against gravity or a spring by latches, clutches, or brakes,
or their equivalents, which are released by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237 239, 243, 244, 290, 291, 319, 320, and 321, for other
fly-back mechanism in this class.
244 258+, 263, 300, and 325, for electric latch-release in
this class.
subclasses 299+ (except 300), 324 and 396, for mechanical
latch-release in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for clutch structure.
Subclass:
239
This subclass is indented under subclass 237.
Switch-actuating mechanism of the type stated.
Subclass:
240
This subclass is indented under subclass 221. Subject matter
in which the armature rotates or oscillates in a curvilinear
path.
Subclass:
241
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter
in which the action of one rotary-armature motor opposes that
of another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
227 and 231, and appropriate indented subclasses for opposed
reciprocating-armature motors.
Subclass:
242
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter
in which automatic means are provided for changing or
modifying the circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 and 232, for reciprocating-armature circuit-changer
systems.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
Notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclasses
245+ for polarity reversing.
Subclass:
243
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter
in which a rotary armature is set and held against gravity or
a spring, which restores it to its original position upon the
cessation of current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237 for similar subject matter used with a reciprocating
armature.
Subclass:
244
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter
in which a rotary armature is set and held in position
against gravity or a spring by latches, clutches, or brakes,
or their equivalents, which are released by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 258, 259, 263, 300, and 325, for electric latch and
clutch release.
299 301, 302, 324+, and 396, for mechanical latch and clutch
release.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses
for, clutch structure.
Subclass:
245
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
by which the energy of the moving vehicle is converted, by
mechanism on the track, into electrical energy, which is used
for actuating switches and signals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclasses 75+
for drive mechanism for electrical generators or motors.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses, for electric- generator systems.
417, Pumps, subclasses 229+, for pumps operated by a passing
vehicle.
Subclass:
246
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
in which circuit closing or breaking devices are actuated by
the wheels or tappets of moving cars, including the so-called
"track instruments" and "treadles" of railway signaling.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 24 and 77 to 80, for manually actuated circuit
controllers.
72 thru 80, 82 to 84, 88, 90, 91, 126, 127, 247 to 252, for
circuit-controllers.
180 196 and 197, for circuit controllers located on the
moving vehicle.
228 232, 235, 242, and 253, for circuit controllers actuated
by the movement of switches or signals.
259 for circuit controllers actuated by the moving vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate
subclasses, for the structure of the circuit closer or
breaker.
Subclass:
247
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
provided with mechanism, usually of the step-by-step variety,
by means of which as many trains or car-wheels as enter must
leave the block before the signal is restored to safety.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 and 77+, for counting mechanism.
Subclass:
248
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which the return of the circuit-controller to normal
condition is retarded after the passage of the train, usually
for a predetermined interval of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 108+ for time-control mechanism.
161 for time-control mechanism used in interlocking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses
33+ for retarded-action circuit closers and breakers.
Subclass:
249
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which circuit controllers are actuated in whole or in part
by electric or magnetic means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 194, 197, 202, and 211, for devices actuated by electric
or magnetic means.
Subclass:
250
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which a circuit controller is actuated by trains moving in
one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198 and 298, for devices actuated by cars moving in one
direction only.
Subclass:
251
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which a circuit controller is actuated by the vertical
yielding of the rail under the weight of the passing train.
Subclass:
252
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which a circuit controller is supported by the
trolley-wire or third rail and actuated mechanically by the
current-collector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 72, 81, 84, 90, 91, 126, and 246+, for circuit-controllers
actuated by the wheels or other devices, not trolleys,
carried by the car.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, appropriate
subclasses for the structure of switches, and particularly
subclasses 52+ for circuit makers and breakers of special
application.
Subclass:
253
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
in which a circuit controller is actuated by the motion of
signals, switches, and other movable elements, sometimes
known in the art as "switch-boxes".
(1) Note. In some of the multiple-circuit switch-boxes
contained in this subclass a predetermined sequence of
operation of the switches, signals, and other movable
elements thereby controlled is provided for.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 124, 131+, 176, and 220, for predetermined sequences of
actuation.
subclasses 246+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for various types of
circuit-controllers.
Subclass:
254
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
in which a trolley or plow, its wheel, or some member
attached to the trolley makes a temporary electrical contact
with one or more contact-surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 72, 77+, 81, 85, 92, 229, 233, and 234, for
trolley-completed-circuit systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, subclasses 463+ for
incidental disclosure of trolley-contacts.
Subclass:
255
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
in which a car-wheel or a special wheel carried by a car
makes a temporary electrical contact between two or more
contact-surfaces.
Subclass:
256
This subclass is indented under subclass 218. Subject matter
having electrically-actuated circuit closing and breaking
devices especially adapted for use in controlling circuits
actuating railway switches and signals and not of general
application.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, appropriate subclasses, for relay
structure; subclasses 160+ for interlocked electromagnetic
relays; and subclasses 5 and 50 for other types of
interlocked electric circuit makers and breakers. See also,
appropriate subclasses for electromagnetically operated
switches of general application.
Subclass:
257
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Actuating mechanism operated by fluid-pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 93+ 100+, 116, 139+, 258 to 261, 271+ and 361,
for fluid-pressure-motor structure.
Subclass:
258
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
having valves which are electrically controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 244, 259, 263, 300, and 325, for electric latch and
clutch release.
Subclass:
259
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter
having valves electrically controlled by a moving car or
train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 244, 258, 263, and 325, for details of electric latch and
clutch release.
246 and the subclasses mentioned in the search notes
appended thereto, for various types of circuit-controllers.
subclasses 415+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
Subclass:
260
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
which actuates a signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 125, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented subclasses,
for signal structure.
Subclass:
261
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
which actuates a gate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 125+ and 272, for gate structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
49, Movable or Removable Closures, subclass 334 for a
fluid-motor actuated closure (gate) and see the search notes
thereto for the loci of other motor operated closures.
Subclass:
262
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter in which a spring or weight motor is used for
actuating switches, signals, or analogous devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 and 108+, for systems using mechanical motors.
Subclass:
263
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Subject matter,
the operation of which is controlled by electrical means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 96+ and 262, for the mechanical motors.
108 238, 244, 258+, 300, and 325, for electric latch and
clutch release mechanism.
Subclass:
264
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices
attached to and operated from the car, and sometimes
utilizing its energy of motion, for throwing the unmodified
or but slightly-modified points of ordinary tongue or point
switches by direct contact therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 359+ for devices which actuate track mechanism
by utilizing the energy of the moving vehicle.
Subclass:
265
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter
having a permanent or an electromagnet, which moves the point
by magnetic attraction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
249 for magnetic point movers controlled from a car.
325 for electrically-controlled track mechanism.
Subclass:
266
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter
adapted for throwing the points of switches of special
construction, in which the point is only slightly modified,
if at all, on the special switch construction used in
cooperation with the particular point-thrower.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 359+ for train-trips of similar structure
actuating track mechanism.
subclasses 415+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
Subclass:
267
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter
in which the point throwers are directed into contact with
the switch-point by fixed grooves in the switch.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes the special switch
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 359+ for analogous devices.
subclasses 415+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
Subclass:
268
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter
having a wheel with sharp edges, designed for operating on
and wedging over the points of point and tongue switches of
ordinary construction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366 369 and 372, for analogous devices.
Subclass:
269
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter
having a wedge-shaped shoe sliding longitudinally in the
flangeways and designed to wedge over the points of
unmodified point and tongue switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 368 and 371, for analogous devices.
Subclass:
270
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter in this subclass by which signals, switches, gates,
and other movable elements of this class are actuated by the
energy of the moving vehicle; either by direct mechanical
connection with the train- actuated track-trip or indirectly
by means of power stored up in springs, counterweights, and
trains of clockwork by the moving vehicle through the medium
of track-trips.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245 for car-actuated generators of electricity.
246 for car-actuated circuit-closers.
252 for trolley or plow actuated circuit-closers, these
devices not being included in this subclass.
Subclass:
271
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
in which power is transmitted from a track-trip to the device
actuated by means of a column of fluid.
Subclass:
272
This subclass is indented under subclass 271. Subject matter
which actuates a railway gate.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 125+ 261 and 292+, for gate structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
49, Movable or Removable Closures, subclass 334 for
actuating means, employing a fluid transmission, for
operating a closure and see the search notes thereto for the
loci of other such operated closures.
Subclass:
273
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having a grade-crossing of two lines of railway provided with
means, actuated automatically by an approaching train, so as
to secure for the train an unbroken line of rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
465 and appropriate indented subclasses and the subclasses
mentioned in the search notes appended thereto, for the
structure of the crossing.
Subclass:
274
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having a switch actuated by a track-trip and mechanically
connected with one or more movable-rail frogs, so as to
secure for the train an unbroken line of rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
275 382+ and 468+, for frog structures.
382 and apparatus indented subclasses, for movable-rail
frogs.
Subclass:
275
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having movable-rail frogs which are set automatically by an
approaching train, so as to secure unbroken line of rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 382+ and 468+, for frog structure.
375 and 382, and appropriate indented subclasses for
movable-rail frogs.
Subclass:
276
This subclass is indented under subclass 275. Subject matter
having continuous-rail frogs which yield against the action
of springs or the resilience of the moving rails, to the
lateral pressure of trailing wheels.
Subclass:
277
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having turnouts or passing-sidings provided with
vehicle-energy-actuated switches placed at the ends of same
for automatically switching two approaching trains upon the
proper tracks for passing.
(1) Note. The stationary turnouts of subclass 427 perform
the same function, although those switches have no movable
parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 319+ for analogous switch structure.
Subclass:
278
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having means for manually actuating switches combined with
means for automatically actuating the same by the energy of a
vehicle approaching the same, facing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 284, 290, and 393+, for switch-stand structure.
317 for facing-setting mechanism.
393 and appropriate indented subclasses, for special types
of mechanisms for manual actuation of switches.
Subclass:
279
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter
having switch-actuating mechanism by which a train can enter
a siding only when the automatic setting mechanism is held by
the switchman in an inoperative position against gravity or
springs, which return the switch to its original position
when the switchman releases it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
397 for hand-restrained resetting-switch-stands.
Subclass:
280
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter
having switch-actuating mechanism by means of which the
switch, having been set for the siding by the approaching
train, is automatically reset for main line after the train
has entered the siding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
281 315, 316, and 395+, for resetting devices.
Subclass:
281
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
having switch-actuating mechanism in which the vehicle upon
entering the switch maintains contact with a yielding member
until clear of the main track, whereupon the switch is
automatically reset, by spring or counterweight, to "mainline
clear".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304 for vehicle-restrained doors or gates.
315 for vehicle-restrained switch-resetting devices.
Subclass:
282
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter
having switch-actuating mechanism in which a switch wrongly
set is automatically reset by trains running in either
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 and appropriate indented subclasses, and 318, for
related structure.
Subclass:
283
This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Subject matter
including switch-actuating mechanism enabling a switch to be
set from a train approaching it facing, and also when
approaching it trailing, by the lateral pressure, in the
latter case, of the wheel-flanges of the train against a
yielding switch-rail.
Subclass:
284
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
including mechanism for the manual actuation of switches
combined with mechanism for the actuation of same by the
energy of a moving vehicle approaching the same trailing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 278, 290, and 393+, for switch-stand structure.
subclasses 282+ 284 and 318, for trailing-setting
mechanism.
Subclass:
285
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Subject matter
including a yielding section of the traction-rail which is
sprung or actuated by a wheel of the moving train.
Subclass:
286
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter
in which a resisting force is furnished by the compression of
a spring, caused by the slipping of a clutch or cam actuated
by the pressure, upon the switch rail, of a car-wheel
trailing through the switch.
Subclass:
287
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Subject matter
including a compressed spiral spring, concentric with the
revolving spindle of the stand, the so-called "Ramapo" type
of stand being here included.
Subclass:
288
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter
including mechanism whereby a switch-stand is held closed
against ordinary manual force, but is capable of being
automatically thrown and secured, against the action of a
counter-weight, by the passage of the first wheel trailing
through the switch.
Subclass:
289
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Subject matter
including mechanism whereby a switch stand is normally locked
against ordinary manual force, but is capable, by the
breaking of some frangible part or the yielding of the lock,
of being automatically thrown, and sometimes locked, by the
passage of the first wheel trailing through the switch.
Subclass:
290
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
including a switch stand provided with means for allowing the
switch-rails to move apart and fly back against the
resistance of the mechanism of the stand upon the passage of
each trailing wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 278, 284, and 393+, for switch-stand structure.
subclasses 237+ and 243+, for fly-back mechanism.
subclasses 319+ for trailing-fly-back mechanism.
Subclass:
291
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Subject matter
provided with means for allowing the switch-rails to spring
apart and fly back against the compression or distention of a
spring located in the stand upon the passage of each trailing
wheel through the switch.
Subclass:
292
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
including signals or gates which are automatically actuated
by the energy of a moving vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 278, 284, 290, and 393+, for switch-stand structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
49, Movable or Removable Closures, appropriate subclasses,
for closure-actuating means.
Subclass:
293
This subclass is indented under subclass 292. Subject matter
including signals specially adapted and intended for use at
highway-crossings of railways.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 125+, 260, and 473, and appropriate indented subclasses,
and also under this subclass, for signal structure.
Subclass:
294
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter
including combined visual and audible signals.
(1) Note. In some cases the audible signals of this
subclass are electrically-actuated bells controlled by the
movement of the visual signal.
Subclass:
295
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter
including audible highway-crossing signals.
Subclass:
296
This subclass is indented under subclass 295. Subject matter
including a bell, in which a single stroke of the bell is
given by the action of each wheel of the train.
Subclass:
297
This subclass is indented under subclass 292. Subject matter
including signals and gates which are automatically actuated
by the energy of the moving vehicle, the devices of this
subclass and of the subclasses indented thereunder being
classified upon either the mechanism connecting the gate or
signal with the track mechanism or upon the function or
structure of such mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 125, 260, 293, and 473, and appropriate indented
subclasses, for signal structure.
273 274, 275, 314, and 322+, for various types of track-trips
used for actuating movable devices of various kinds.
Subclass:
298
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
including track devices for actuating signals and gates,
operated by vehicles moving in one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198 and 250, for single-direction actuation devices.
Subclass:
299
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
including signals or gates which are set and latched in
position by moving trains against the force of a spring or
gravity, the latch or clutch being released by an approaching
or departing train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 244, 258+, 263, 300, and 325, for electric latch and
clutch-release mechanism.
301 302, 324, and 396, for mechanical-latch and
clutch-release mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for clutch-release mechanism.
Subclass:
300
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Subject matter
having a latch or clutch which is released by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for electrically-controlled track trips.
Subclass:
301
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Subject matter
having a track device which actuates the latch or clutch and
which moves in the direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
306 311+ and 336+, for longitudinally- moving track devices.
Subclass:
302
This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Subject matter
having a track device which moves the latch or clutch and
which moves vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200 204, 307, 313, and 351+, for vertically-moving track
devices.
Subclass:
303
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
including a track device which is revolved on an axis
parallel to the rails by the action of a car-tappet upon a
screw, helix, cam or spiral groove.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 and 405, for similar switch-actuating mechanism.
Subclass:
304
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
including a gate or door which is held against gravity or a
spring by contact with the moving vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
281 315 and 398, for vehicle-restrained mechanism.
397 for hand-restrained mechanism.
Subclass:
305
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Subject matter
including track devices in the form of bars, which always
remain parallel to the traction-rails, while swinging
vertically or horizontally about axes or pivot-points.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 203, 246, 281, 304+, 310, 344, and 358+, for the
structure of the track mechanism.
Subclass:
306
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Subject matter
including a restraining device which moves longitudinally in
the direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 311+, and 336+, for longitudinally-moving track trips.
Subclass:
307
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Subject matter
including a restraining device which moves vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302 313, 351+, and 368+, for vertically-moving track-trips.
Subclass:
308
This subclass is indented under subclass 307. Subject matter
including a restraining device which swings vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 and 353+, for vertically-moving longitudinal levers.
Subclass:
309
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Subject matter
including a track-rail which yields vertically under the
weight of the train, thereby actuating the gate or door.
Subclass:
310
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
including track devices which move with a vertical or
horizontal swinging motion parallel to and in the direction
of the rails, similar to that of a parallel-ruler.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 160, 201+, 246+, 305, 308+, 314+, and 358, for similar
track mechanism.
Subclass:
311
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
having track devices which move longitudinally in the
direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 306, 312, and 336+, for similar track mechanism.
Subclass:
312
This subclass is indented under subclass 311. Subject matter
having track devices which move in right lines parallel to
the traction-rails.
Subclass:
313
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
having track devices which move vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
204 246+, 307+, and 351+, for similar track mechanism.
Subclass:
314
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having track switches which are automatically set or reset by
the energy of the moving vehicle, acting directly on the
switch through the vehicle-wheels or some fixed member in
advance of the wheels or through a separate track instrument
connected to the switch by motion-transmitting mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 and 359+, for means under the control of an occupant of
the vehicle, adapted to be placed in position to act directly
on the switch, so as to move it either by manual power or by
the energy of the moving vehicle.
278 284 and 290, and various indented subclasses, for
mechanism of the type stated used in connection with means
for manual actuation.
subclasses 415+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
Subclass:
315
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
having switches usually actuated by the approaching vehicle
which during its passage maintains contact with a yielding
member until clear of the main track, whereupon the switch is
automatically reset by spring or counterweight to "main-line
clear".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
280 281, 316, and 395+, for resetting mechanism.
281 and 398, for vehicle-restrained mechanism.
Subclass:
316
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
including a switch which is usually actuated by the
approaching vehicle, which after its passage onto the side
track automatically closes the switch resetting it for the
main line by the action of the car-wheels upon trips or rails
other than the laterally- moving switch-rails forward of
their pivot.
Subclass:
317
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
including a switch which, if set for siding, is automatically
reset for main line by a train approaching it facing,
provided the resetting mechanism is not intentionally
temporarily withdrawn from actuating position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 and appropriate indented subclasses for facing-setting
mechanism.
304 and 398, for vehicle-restrained mechanism.
397 for hand-restrained mechanism.
Subclass:
318
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
including a switch locked against ordinary force, but capable
of being automatically thrown and locked by the pressure,
upon the moving rail or point, of the first wheel trailing
through the switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
282 and 284, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
switches of the type stated connected with switch-stands.
Subclass:
319
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
including a switch, usually point or tongue, which is forced
open, generally against springs or counterweights, by direct
contact of each wheel of a train trailing through the switch
and which flies back or is automatically moved back after the
passage of same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 282+ 284, and appropriate indented subclasses,
for switches of the trailing- setting type connected with
switch- stands.
subclasses 290+ for trailing-fly-back type connected with
switch-stands.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses, for details of
compression and tension devices.
Subclass:
320
This subclass is indented under subclass 319. Subject matter
in which the switch is returned automatically to its original
position by the power on one or more spiral springs.
Subclass:
321
This subclass is indented under subclass 320. Subject matter
having a single spiral spring located upon either the tie-rod
or the connecting-rod.
Subclass:
322
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Subject matter
not above classified whereby track-switches are actuated by
the energy of an approaching vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 274, 275, 278+, and 297+, for various types of
track-trips used for actuating movable devices of various
kinds.
Subclass:
323
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including car-actuated switch-shifting mechanism for
automatically directing a plurality of cars to various tracks
in predetermined order or for automaticaly actuating the
necessary switches along the route of a car.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
156 157 and 162, for selective mechanism.
Subclass:
324
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including car-actuated switches which are reset for main line
automatically by latch or clutch release devices cooperating
with springs or counterweights.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 244, 258+, 263, 300, and 325, for electrical latch and
clutch release.
subclasses 299+ for mechanical latch and clutch release.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for clutch mechanism.
Subclass:
325
This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Subject matter
in which the latch or clutch is operated by electrical
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 and 415+, and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for switch structure.
238 244, 258+, 263, and 300, for electric latch and clutch
release.
299 301, 302, 324, and 396, for mechanical latch and clutch
release.
Subclass:
326
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including switch-operating track mechanism controlled by
electrical means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 for electric control.
Subclass:
327
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including a switch actuated by a single-track device, the
successive operation of which in the same manner alternately
sets the switch for siding or main line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 236, 328, 342, 347, 350, and 354, for alternate-throw
mechanism and similar devices.
Subclass:
328
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Subject matter
in which a tappet-wheel is used as the track device.
Subclass:
329
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including an automatic switch for three or more tracks
diverging from the same point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
403 for three or multiple throw switch stands.
440 for three throw switches.
Subclass:
330
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including track mechanism normally withdrawn from actuating
position, so that ordinary street traffic has no power to
either throw the switch or damage the mechanism, the track
device being automatically placed in actuating position by
the approaching car, so that it can be actuated by the
switch-throwing means.
Subclass:
331
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including a track device and a switch which are connected by
a longitudinal rotary connecting-shaft.
Subclass:
332
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including a track device and a switch which are connected by
a system of cables and pulleys.
Subclass:
333
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including switches which are actuated by devices which are
revolved on an axis parallel to the rails by the action of a
car device upon a screw, helix, cam, or spiral groove.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
303 and 405, for similar mechanism actuating signals and
gates.
Subclass:
334
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including switches which are actuated by star and pinion
wheels or their equivalents, the train-trip being either a
toothed rack, a brush, a friction-bar, or some equivalent
device.
Subclass:
335
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including devices of the bow-spring type used for actuating
switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
313 for bow-spring type of track-trip.
Subclass:
336
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
including switches actuated by track devices which move
longitudinally in the direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
301 306, 311+, and 336+, for longitudinally-moving track
mechanism.
Subclass:
337
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter
in which the track device releases the train-trip by causing
its elevation.
Subclass:
338
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter
in which the track device is released from the train-trips by
being depressed.
Subclass:
339
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter
in which the track device swings in a perpendicular plane
parallel to the direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
346 and 353, and appropriate subclasses indented thereunder,
for swinging track mechanism.
Subclass:
340
This subclass is indented under subclass 339. Subject matter
in which pairs of connected track devices are used, each
moving the switch in a direction opposite from the other.
(1) Note. Both devices of the pair must be located either
in front of or behind the switch, for when placed in tandem,
with the switch between them, they are not double, but become
independent means for switch setting and resetting,
respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 346 and 353, and appropriate indented subclasses for
swinging track mechanism.
343 349, 355, and 356+, for double trips.
Subclass:
341
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Subject matter
including switches actuated by track devices which swing in a
horizontal plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 346, and 353, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
swinging track mechanism.
Subclass:
342
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter
including track devices which can be acted upon at two
different contact-points, whereby the switch can be thrown in
either direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 236, 297, 327, 347, 350, and 354, for double-acting track
devices.
Subclass:
343
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Subject matter
in which pairs of track devices are used, each moving the
switch in a direction opposite from the other.
(1) Note. Both devices of the pair must be located either
in front of or behind the switch, for when placed in tandem,
with the switch between them, they are not double, but become
independent means for switch setting and resetting,
respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
340 349, 355, 356, and 357, for double-track devices.
Subclass:
344
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Subject matter
having track devices which move at right angles to the
direction of traffic.
Subclass:
345
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter
having a switch which is actuated by a plurality of levers
moving transversely and which coact at the ends opposite
their fulcrums.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 for levers moving vertically.
Subclass:
346
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter
having track mechanism which swings transversely to the
direction of the traffic.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 and 353, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
swinging track mechanism.
subclasses 353+ for levers moving vertically.
Subclass:
347
This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Subject matter
having track devices which can be acted upon at two different
contact-points, whereby the switch can be thrown in either
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 236, 297, 327, 342, 348, 350, and 354, for double-acting
track devices.
Subclass:
348
This subclass is indented under subclass 347. Subject matter
having a track device which is provided with a tail or
extension behind the pivot, the function of which is to guide
the train-trip into proper contact with the track device.
Subclass:
349
This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Subject matter
having pairs of track devices, each moving the switch in a
direction opposite from the other.
(1) Note. Both devices of the pair must be located either
in front of or behind the switch, for when placed in tandem,
with the switch between them, they are not double, but become
independent means for switch setting and resetting,
respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 346 and 353, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
swinging track mechanism.
340 343, 355, and 356+, for double trips.
355 for levers stated moving vertically.
Subclass:
350
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter
having track devices which can be acted upon at two different
contact-points, whereby the switch can be thrown in either
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 236, 297, 327, 342, 347+, and 354, for double-acting
track-trips.
Subclass:
351
This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Subject matter
having switches which are actuated by vertically-moving track
devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302 307+, 313, 351+, for vertically-moving track devices.
Subclass:
352
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter
having switches which are actuated by one or more sets of
end-pivoted double levers, which coact at their ends opposite
their fulcrums.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
345 for duplex longitudinal levers, with end fulcrum moving
transversely.
Subclass:
353
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter
having switches which are actuated by track mechanism
swinging vertically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 and 346, and appropriate indented subclasses, for
swinging track mechanism.
Subclass:
354
This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Subject matter
having trail devices which can be acted upon at two different
contact-points, whereby the switch can be thrown in either
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 236, 297, 327, 342, 347+, and 350, for double-acting.
Subclass:
355
This subclass is indented under subclass 353. Subject matter
having pairs of track devices each moving the switch in a
direction opposite from the other.
(1) Note. Both devices of the pair must be located either
in front of or behind the switch, for when placed in tandem,
with the switch between them, they are not double, but become
independent means for switch setting and resetting,
respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
340 343, 349, and 356+, for double trips.
Subclass:
356
This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Subject matter
having pairs of connected track-trips, each moving the switch
in a direction opposite from the other.
(1) Note. Both devices of the pair must be located either
in front of or behind the switch, for when placed in tandem,
with the switch between them, they are not double, but become
independent means for switch setting and resetting,
respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
313 and 350, for track-trips moving transversely.
340 343, 349, and 355, for double trips.
Subclass:
357
This subclass is indented under subclass 356. Subject matter
having track devices which are transversely connected by a
horizontal lever.
Subclass:
358
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having train-actuated devices, sometimes called "lock-bars",
by which a moving train can lock or secure in place a switch
over which it is passing or is a about to pass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 322+ appropriate subclasses for track
mechanism.
Subclass:
359
This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Subject matter
having devices upon cars by which track mechanism is
actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 264+ for point throwers mounted on cars.
Subclass:
360
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having train-trips which are moved into operative position by
electric or magnetic means or moving track devices by magnets
attraction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 193, 202, 249, 265, and 326, for electrically or
magnetically actuated devices.
Subclass:
361
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having train-trips which are moved into operative position by
fluid-pressure means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 257+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto, for a fluid-motor structure.
Subclass:
362
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having train-trips which yield after the switch or signal has
been actuated, thus allowing the car to pass on without
injury to the mechanism.
Subclass:
363
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having means whereby a car-carried hook engages with and
actuates a ring, loop, or similar device upon the track.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for details of mechanism for
bringing track- cleaners into operative position and more or
less adapted for bringing car-tappets also into operative
position.
Subclass:
364
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having train trips whose contacting members are either
toothed racks, brushes, friction-bars, or their equivalents.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for details of mechanism for
bringing track- cleaners into operative position and more or
less adapted for bringing car-tappets also into operative
position.
Subclass:
365
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having train trips wheel swing upon pivots into operative
position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for details of mechanism for
bringing track- cleaners into operative position and more or
less adapted for bringing car-tappets also into operative
position.
Subclass:
366
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter
having a wheel which is used as the contacting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 369 and 372, for wheels used as car-tappets.
Subclass:
367
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter
having a rod which is used as the contacting element.
Subclass:
368
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having a trip which is moved vertically into operative
position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for details of mechanism for
bringing track-cleaners into operative position and more or
less adapted for bringing car-tappets also into operative
position.
Subclass:
369
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Subject matter
having vertically-moving trips which use a wheel as the
contacting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268 366 and 372, for wheels used as car-tappets, moving,
respectively, radially and laterally into operative
position.
Subclass:
370
This subclass is indented under subclass 368. Subject matter
having vertically-moving trips which use a rod as the
contacting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 264+ 367 and 373, for rods used as car-tappets,
moving respectively, radially and laterally into operative
position.
Subclass:
371
This subclass is indented under subclass 359. Subject matter
having a train trip which moves laterally into operative
position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 279+, for details of mechanism for
bringing track-cleaners into operative position and more or
less adapted for bringing car-tappets also into operative
position.
Subclass:
372
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Subject matter
having a wheel which is used as the contacting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 366 and 369, for wheels used as car-tappets, moving,
respectively, radially and vertically into operative
position.
Subclass:
373
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Subject matter
having a rod which is used as the connecting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 367 and 370, for rods used as car-tappets, moving,
respectively, radially and vertically into operative
position.
Subclass:
374
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having a siding in which the main-track switch is
mechanically connected to a derailing-block or safety-switch
in the siding, the derailing-block or safety-switch being
opened when the main-track switch is closed, so that cars on
the siding are prevented from fouling the main line.
(1) Note. For structure of the derailing block, a search
should be made in subclass 163 of this class, and Class 104,
Railways, subclasses 262+.
Subclass:
375
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having a crossing of two or more lines of
railway-track in which there is always preserved an unbroken
rail for each line of road when a train is passing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 465+ and the subclasses referred to in the
search notes appended thereto, for the structure of the
crossing.
Subclass:
376
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
having single rails or sections of track which swing or fold
over upon and overlap other lines of rail.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 and 383+, for overlapped-main-line crossings.
Subclass:
377
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
having pivoted rails which are placed at the points of
intersection.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 387, 388, and 418, for pivoted-rail structure.
Subclass:
378
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
having rotary blocks which carry rail-sections at the
crossing-points.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 and 388, for similar devices.
Subclass:
379
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
having crossings in which two adjacent point-switches facing
each other are mechanically connected, so as to move in
unison, but in opposite directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 and 416, for similar devices.
Subclass:
380
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
having blocks, rails, or track-sections which slide into
place.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 392 and 430, for similar devices.
Subclass:
381
This subclass is indented under subclass 380. Subject matter
in which the rails slide in a direction longitudinal with
reference to the traffic.
Subclass:
382
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having a switch which is combined with various types
of movable-rail substitutes for rigid frogs, insuring an
unbroken rail at the frog-point, and which is provided with
mechanism for the simultaneous actuation of the switch and
the frog substitute.
(1) Note. The subclass also includes movable-rail frogs
intended to be used as an element in a frogless switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 and 275+, for similar frog structure.
Subclass:
383
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter,
having switch-connected frogs in which sections of the siding
rail slide, swing, or fold into position, overlapping the
main-line rail.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 376 and 429, for similar frog structure.
Subclass:
384
This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Subject matter
having switch-connected frogs in which two sections of the
siding-rail meet over the main-line rail.
Subclass:
385
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter
having a pivoted tongue or pointed double rail which swings
between two fixed wing-rails.
Subclass:
386
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Subject matter
in which the tongue or double rail is not pointed, but has
one or more stub or beveled ends.
Subclass:
387
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter
in which an end-pivoted rail is placed at the frog-point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
377 for pivoted rail continuous rail crossings.
Subclass:
388
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter
in which a center-pivoted rail under subclass 382 is placed
at the frog-point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
377 for pivoted rail continuous rail crossings.
Subclass:
389
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter
in which two or more rails are simultaneously swung into
position.
Subclass:
390
This subclass is indented under subclass 389. Subject matter
in which two or more moving stub-rails swing, with reverse
motion, into connection with each other.
Subclass:
391
This subclass is indented under subclass 389. Subject matter
in which switch-connected frogs are provided with a fixed
frog-point and swinging wing-rails.
Subclass:
392
This subclass is indented under subclass 382. Subject matter
having moving rails which slide laterally into position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 380+ and 430, for sliding rail crossings or
switches.
Subclass:
393
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means located at switches for their manual
actuation, usually provided with a target or other visual
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 21+ 104+, 111+, 118+, and 143+, for manual
actuation in connection with block and other systems.
144 278, 284, and 290+, for switch-stand structure.
489 for manual-actuation devices.
Subclass:
394
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having switch stands equipped with mechanism for actuating
cab signal or train-control mechanism on approaching train
when the switch is open.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 117, 119, 120, and 167, and appropriate indented
subclasses, and all subclasses referred to in the search
notes appended thereto.
Subclass:
395
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having stands which insure the resetting of the switch to
"unbroken main" after the passage of the train, either
automatically by energy other than that of the moving vehicle
or by alarms or other devices insuring manual actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 280+ 315, 316, and 317, for resetting mechanism
and devices.
Subclass:
396
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter
having switch-actuating mechanism provided with
train-actuated latch-release mechanism, permitting the switch
to be thrown to "main-line clear" by the force of springs or
counterweights as the train approaches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 244, 258+, 263, 300, and 325, for electric latch and
clutch release.
299 301, 302, and 324, for mechanical latch and clutch
release.
Subclass:
397
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter
having a switch stand in which the switch is held open by the
switchman against the action of springs, counterweights,
etc., the switch automatically closing when released.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
279 281, 304+, and 315, for vehicle or hand restrained
devices.
Subclass:
398
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter
having a switch stand in which the switch, after being opened
manually, is held open, by the action of the car-wheels upon
treadles and other devices, against springs or counterweights
or their equivalents, the switch automatically closing after
the passage of the train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
281 304+ and 315, for vehicle-restrained devices.
Subclass:
399
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter
having means for detaining the switchman at the switch until
it is properly closed and locked, either by confinement in
cages or by means of handcuffs, shackles or other
body-locks.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 304 for electric
signal box systems having detention devices at the signal
boxes.
Subclass:
400
This subclass is indented under subclass 395. Subject matter
having switch keys which cannot be removed from the
switch-lock until the switch has been properly reset and
locked.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
414 for locks built into the structure of the switch-stand.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, subclass 389 and 441 for lock and latch
structure.
Subclass:
401
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having switch stands with special locks acting directly on
the switch-rails or on moving parts other than the
operating-rod and connected to the switch-stand proper
through the switch-rails.
(1) Note. In many cases the lock does not operate and
permit the actuating-lever to complete its throw until the
switch comes home into position, thereby indicating when,
because of an obstruction or from any other cause, the switch
is not fully thrown.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 and 131+, appropriate subclasses for interlocking
devices.
Subclass:
402
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Subject matter
having a switch stand in which the lock is actuated by the
rotation of a shaft placed transversely to the switch-rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448 for locking switches.
Subclass:
403
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having a switch stand specially adapted for the actuation of
three and multiple throw switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
329 and 440, for three throw switches and track mechanism.
Subclass:
404
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having a switch stand provided with means for adjusting the
throw of the switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 450+ for adjustable tie bars.
Subclass:
405
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having a spiral cam for transmitting motion to the
switch-rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
303 and 333, for similar switch-actuating mechanism.
Subclass:
406
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having gearing for transmitting motion to the switch-rails.
Subclass:
407
This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Subject matter
having stands not hereinbefore classified as to function, and
defined by structural characteristics.
Subclass:
408
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Subject matter
having stands without projections above the pavement liable
to be damaged by street traffic, and so especially adapted
for use by street-railways in cities and towns.
Subclass:
409
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Subject matter
having switch stands provided with an elevated
semaphore-signal usually used at the entrance to main-line
sidings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 479+ for semaphores.
Subclass:
410
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Subject matter
having switch stands which are actuated by a vertical lever.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 278+ 284+ and 290+, for automatic switch stands.
Subclass:
411
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Subject matter
having switch stands of low construction specially adapted
for use in yards.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, appropriate subclasses, particularly subclasses
193-197 for lever guide locks.
Subclass:
412
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Subject matter
having a switch stand actuated by a horizontal lever and
usually also having a horizontal locking-segment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 278+ 284+ and 290+, for automatic switch stands.
Subclass:
413
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Subject matter
having a switch stand which has a pivoted arm, which drops
into a notch in the locking-segment, forming an automatic
lock.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 144+ for signal-actuating interlocking switch
stand.
314 for vehicle-actuated switches.
Subclass:
414
This subclass is indented under subclass 413. Subject matter
having an automatic spring key-lock built into the body of
the stand or lever.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
400 for key-retaining switch stands.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, appropriate subclasses, particularly 193-197 for
locks and lever guide locks.
Subclass:
415
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means for enabling a succession of cars to pass
to a selected one of several diverging lines of track.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 144+ 158, 162, 176, 217, 220, 226+, 233, 234,
239, 253, 259, 266+, 277, and 314+, for the structure of
switches generally.
subclasses 319+ for spring switches which yield to the
car-wheels while passing through them trailing, and are hence
actuated by the energy of the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 195 for slot-switch structure
approximating to railway-switch structure.
186, Merchandising, subclasses 19+, disclosing switches for
cash-carrier and store-service railways.
Subclass:
416
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches and connecting-tracks placed at diagonal
crossings and permitting a change of direction from one line
to another, as well as a continuance upon the same line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
273 and 379, for continuous rail crossings.
Subclass:
417
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch so constructed as to obviate the use of rigid
or spring rail frogs or movable-rail substitutes for frogs,
one or more movable devices performing the double function of
a frog and a switch.
Subclass:
418
This subclass is indented under subclass 417. Subject matter
having a single movable switch-rail extending from the
switch-point to the point where the frog would normally be
placed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 for switch-connected frogs operated by vehicle energy.
Subclass:
419
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch which is more or less modified in
construction by the presence of conduits, third rails, and
cables and conducting-wires of cable and electric railways.
(1) Note. Includes some devices which operate
automatically.
Subclass:
420
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch through which, however set, an ordinary train
can be run trailing without derailment and without moving any
parts of the switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 290+ and 319+, for spring-switches which also
accomplish this function by springing the switch aside.
Subclass:
421
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Subject matter
having a switch provided with one or more devices, called
"risers", upon which the wheels are carried over the top of
the stock-rail and are guided into position by the action of
the guard rail or grooves.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
432 455 and 469, for switch and crossing risers.
Subclass:
422
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Subject matter
having a switch provided with fixed points and moving
guard-rails, the function of the latter being to direct the
wheels to the proper track.
Subclass:
423
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having point switches provided with devices for rerailing
cars running facing when derailed or split by the failure of
the points to come fully home.
Subclass:
424
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches without movable parts, the direction taken by
the car being determined in various ways, some of which are
specified in the following subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
186, Merchandising, subclasses 20+, for selective switches.
Subclass:
425
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter
having a switch of such construction that the car can be
drawn over and directed to the main or branch track by the
side draft or internal traction of a team of draft-animals.
Subclass:
426
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter
having a switch in which wheels of special construction (as,
for example, when provided with extra flanges) determine the
direction which the car is to take.
Subclass:
427
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches without moving parts which divert trains
running facing onto the siding and allow trains running
trailing to continue, underailed, upon the main line, or vice
versa.
(1) Note. The vehicle-energy-actuated switches of
subclasses 319+ all perform an identical function, but are
provided with moving parts actuated by the passing wheels
when trailing.
Subclass:
428
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches so constructed as not to be readily clogged
by snow and ice, which is usually either melted or
automatically removed by the movement of the switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
444 for self-cleaning switches.
Subclass:
429
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having continuous main-line rails and switch-points which
overlap same when set for siding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 445+ for stub switches.
Subclass:
430
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch in which a plate carrying a section of
track-rail slides laterally.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
380 and 392, for sliding rail structure.
Subclass:
431
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches in which the moving rails revolve or
oscillate about an axis parallel to the rails.
Subclass:
432
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch in which the wheel rides upon a riser block
or rail, and is thereby lifted and drawn over the top of a
gauge-rail by the action of guard rails or grooves.
(1) Note. Includes switches of the so-called "Wharton"
type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
421 455 and 469, for switch and crossing risers.
Subclass:
433
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch which moves vertically instead of
horizontally and with points usually rising and falling
alternately.
Subclass:
434
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch in which one or both of the main-line rails
are sprung laterally, often against a fixed point-rail.
Subclass:
435
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a switch in which the ends of one or both of the
movable switch-rails terminate in points, as opposed to stub
ends, the stationary rail being unbroken.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 195, for slot-switch structure which
approximates to railway-switch structure.
186, Merchandising, subclass 19, for switch structure.
Subclass:
436
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having point switches in which the stock-rail is recessed to
receive the point-rail.
Subclass:
437
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having a point switch which has renewable or reinforced
points.
Subclass:
438
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having a switch with a fixed frog or switch mate in one rail
and a moving point in the other.
Subclass:
439
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having point switches in which one point is placed in advance
of the other.
(1) Note. These switches are known in the art as the
"Vaughn" type, from the name of the inventor.
Subclass:
440
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having a point switch for passing to one of three different
tracks.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
329 and 403, for three throw switches.
Subclass:
441
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having a point switch provided with a guard-rail, which by
contact with the rim of the tread of the wheel forces the
flange of the wheel away from the switch-points.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 for similar structure in crossings.
Subclass:
442
This subclass is indented under subclass 435. Subject matter
having triangular-shaped and comparatively short pivoted
single points extensively used on the sharp turnouts of
street-railways and placed in one of the gauge-rails, a fixed
point or switch mate being placed in the other rail.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 195, for slot-switch structure which
approximates to railway-switch structure.
Subclass:
443
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Subject matter
having locking devices of various kinds placed in the beds of
tongue-switches for holding the point in position.
Subclass:
444
This subclass is indented under subclass 442. Subject matter
having point switches usually of the tongue type, so designed
as to automatically remove the accumulated dirt, which tends
to obstruct their motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
428 for snow-protecting point switches.
Subclass:
445
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having switches in which the ends of the moving rails are
squarely truncated.
Subclass:
446
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
having stub switches composed of pairs of parallel instead of
single moving rails.
Subclass:
447
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
having stub switches provided with devices for preventing the
creeping of the switch or the jar of wheels passing over gaps
at the stub ends of the switch-rails.
Subclass:
448
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having means other than portable padlocks or tower-operated
bolts which lock the switch-rails, switch-rods, or
connecting-bars in place, but do not lock parts of the
switch-stand.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 401+ for rail lock and position indication.
Subclass:
449
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having rods connecting the two moving rails of a switch and
determining their spacing.
Subclass:
450
This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Subject matter
in which the tie rods are provided with means for adjusting
the position of the switch-rails with reference to the
stock-rails.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
403 for three or multiple throw switch stands.
404 for adjustable throw switch stands.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 586, for
longitudinally adjustable rods or pitmans.
Subclass:
451
This subclass is indented under subclass 450. Subject matter
having tie-bars in which the adjustment is made by means of
eccentrics.
Subclass:
452
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having a rod connecting the switch or signal to the actuating
stand or rod and by means of which the switch is thrown.
Subclass:
453
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter
having means designed for supporting the moving rails of
switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
467 for crossing chairs.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 16, for incidental disclosure of
railway chair and plate structure.
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 187, for rail joint
chairs.
Subclass:
454
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means placed at the common point of two or more
traction-rails or opposite a tongue-switch and arranged to
permit the passage of the wheel-flanges.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 151, for
filler-blocks and other devices used as foot-guards in
crossings, frogs, and mates.
Subclass:
455
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs and mates in which an outer rail
member with riser ends is employed, upon which the unguttered
or rim portion of the wheel-tread runs, thereby obviating the
jolting due to guttered wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
421 432 and 469, for switch and crossing risers.
Subclass:
456
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates provided with a guard-rail
acting on the rim of the wheel-tread, and thereby guiding the
wheel-flanges past the frog and crossing points.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441 for switch-tread guard rails.
Subclass:
457
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings which have a hard filler, with end risers,
placed at the crossing-point between the gauge and guard
rails, affording a bearing-surface upon which the flange of
the wheel runs, carrying the wheel-tread clear of the gap in
the gauge-rail.
(1) Note. The subclass contains a few patents in which a
flange-bearing is obtained without the use of a riser by
lowering the tread of the rail until the flange of the wheel
strikes the bottom of the frog.
Subclass:
458
This subclass is indented under subclass 457. Subject matter
having frogs provided with flange-bearing risers.
Subclass:
459
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates whose components, often
pieces of rail, are joined by hot metal, usually iron or
steel, cast around them, which usually enters cavities
therein, binding the entire structure, partly by bonding and
partly by a welding action.
Subclass:
460
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates provided with
centrally-inserted pieces of manganese or other hard steel
adapted especially for resisting wear and for being replaced
when worn down or destroyed.
Subclass:
461
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Subject matter
in which the inserts are secured in position, in whole or in
part, by casting hot and comparatively soft metal (as
spelter) or cement, which enters sundry cavities and on
cooling secures the block in position or prevents the bolts,
wedges, or other fastenings used from working loose under
stress.
Subclass:
462
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates in which the rail-pieces
are riveted or bolted through their flanges to a
foundation-plate, usually of wrought-iron. There may or may
not in addition be filler-blocks and bolts through the web of
the rails.
Subclass:
463
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates built up from rail-pieces
spaced by filler-blocks and secured by bolts passing through
the fillers and through the webs of the rails.
Subclass:
464
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having crossings, frogs, and mates of solid cast or wrought
construction or those whose component parts are joined by
welding, (other than cast-welding).
Subclass:
465
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having means placed at the crossings of the rails of two
intersecting tracks and consisting, in their simplest form,
of four solid frogs joined together with rails to form a
connected system.
(1) Note. Only structure peculiar to crossings will be
found in this subclass and its minor subdivisions. Structures
common to frogs and crossings alike will be found in the
preceding subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 111+ 273 and 375+, for the structure of the
crossing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
238, Railways: Surface Track, subclass 151 for
filler-blocks and other devices used as foot-guards in
crossings, frogs and mates.
Subclass:
466
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter
having crossings placed at the intersection of steam with
street railway tracks and in which the former have unbroken
lines of rail.
Subclass:
467
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter
having means in the nature of rail-supports for holding and
supporting the ends of rail-pieces in building up a
crossing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
453 and also see the search notes appended thereto, for
chairs and plates.
Subclass:
468
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having means placed at the intersection of two gauge-rails of
railway-track in order to afford flangeways for the wheels.
(1) Note. Only structure peculiar to frogs will be found in
this subclass and its minor subdivisions. Structure common
to frogs and crossings alike will be found in the subclasses
preceding subclass 465.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
274 275+ and 382+, for frog structure.
Subclass:
469
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter
having a frog in which the wheels are raised and carried over
the unbroken main track by means of fixed elevated side rails
or risers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
421 432 and 455, for risers.
Subclass:
470
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter
having rail frogs which have spacing-fillers whose parts are
secured in position by clamps or clamps and wedges.
Subclass:
471
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter
having frogs of composite (mostly horizontal) structure built
up in various ways from pieces of wrought or cast metal other
than pieces of rail.
Subclass:
472
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
having details relating to the construction of various types
of crossings, frogs and mates.
Subclass:
473
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having audible or visual means of communication
especially adapted and intended for directing and controlling
the traffic over and upon railways.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 111, 125, 209, 260, and 292+, for signal structure.
Subclass:
473.1
Highway crossing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
including devices which indicate to pedestrians or highway
vehicle operators that a train is approaching a highway
crossing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 125+ for systems which control highway crossing
indicators by automatic train actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 928 for traffic
control systems or devices of a similar nature used in other
than a railroad crossing context.
Subclass:
473.2
Wigwag type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 473.1. Subject
matter in which the device includes an oscillating member
(e.g., swinging arm, scanning light beam).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 481 and 932.1 for
devices of a similar nature used in a road vehicle or traffic
context other than railroad type.
Subclass:
473.3
Light beam projecting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
including devices which give an indication by means of a
projected beam of light.
Subclass:
474
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having signals on the track or roadway provided with
reflectors, which reflect light from the headlight either
back to the engineer or forward, as around curves, etc., to
notify an approaching train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20 for track-reflectors used in block-signal systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,
subclasses 515+ for signal reflectors, per se, and
subclasses 838+ for mirrors, per se.
362, Illumination, subclass 296 for reflectors in
combination with illuminating means.
Subclass:
475
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having "drawf" or "pot" signals, so called which are low
compact signals placed at switches and used mostly in yards
where switches are operated from towers.
Subclass:
476
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having switch-position indicators such as signals, lamps, and
targets actuated by the movement of a switch or
switch-stand.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 212+ for detonating signals placed in position
by the motion of a switch or switch-stand.
220 for electrically-actuated switch signals.
subclasses 393+ for switch signals, targets, etc., actuated
by the switch-stand.
Subclass:
477
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having visual signals adapted to be temporarily placed upon
or secured to the permanent way to advise approaching trains
of danger ahead.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for portable track trips.
Subclass:
478
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having signals whose moving parts are for the most part
enclosed or boxed in for protection from the weather-as, for
example, the disk and circular-box or banjo type of signal.
Subclass:
479
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having visual signals of the well-known railway- semaphore
type--viz., a blade with parallel or but slightly-diverging
edges, pivoted upon one side of a post or mast and capable of
being rotated to a vertical, inclined, or horizontal
position. They are usually provided with signal-lamps and
spectacles set with colored glasses, corresponding to the
various aspects which they can present.
(1) Note. Signals of this well-known type are here included
even when the claims do not specifically involve other
elements of railway signaling. "Semaphores", so called, of
special or unusual shape, if claimed in connection with
railway apparatus and appliances, will be found in subclass
473 of this class; if not so claimed, in Class 116, Signals
and Indicators, subclasses 200+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
473 (see Note 1).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
116, Signals and Indicators, (see Note 1).
Subclass:
480
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Subject matter
having semaphores which are operated in the upper quadrant
and moved upward instead of downward when passing from
horizontal to vertical position, so that deposits of ice on
the arm will increase rather than decrease the tendency to
assume the stop or danger position. They are not usually
provided with counterweights.
(1) Note. Pivoted-arm signals, not strictly semaphores
within the definition of subclass 479, are here included,
provided they work in the upper quadrant.
Subclass:
481
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Double
semaphores on the same mast, usually operated by one lever in
succession.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 38, 39, 44+, 51, and 52, for semaphores in block-signal
stems.
224 for home and distant signal semaphores.
Subclass:
482
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Subject matter
having semaphores in which the novelty resides in the arm or
blade or in its mode of mounting.
Subclass:
483
This subclass is indented under subclass 482. Subject matter
having semaphores in which the novelty resides in means for
illuminating the arm or blade by either natural or artificial
light not emanating from the train.
(1) Note. Pivoted-arm signals, not strictly semaphores
within the definition of subclass 479, are here included,
provided they disclose means for illuminating the arm-or
blade. Signal-arms or targets illuminated by light from the
train will be found in subclass 474.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
474 and 479, (see Note 1).
Subclass:
484
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Subject matter
having semaphores with lamps or spectacles of special
structure or provided with means for holding or moving the
lamp or its parts.
(1) Note. For means for mounting the lenses see Class 362
Illumination, subclasses 455+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, subclasses 257+ for lamps which may be
used for signalling (see Note 1).
Subclass:
485
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Subject matter
having means located at or upon the post for actuating,
locking, or controlling the movements of the semaphore.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 14, 20, 111, 118, 120, 125, 209, 220, 221, and various
indented subclasses (except the "switch" subclasses
thereunder) for various means for controlling semaphores.
257 262 and 292, for various means for actuating semaphores.
Subclass:
486
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having means placed at the approach to overhead or highway
bridges as a warning to brakemen on the roofs of cars that
there is not sufficient clearance for safety. They are
usually yielding obstructions, such as hanging cords, rods
resiliently mounted, etc.
Subclass:
487
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having means adapted to be placed on or near the track-rails,
so as to be exploded by a passing train as a warning of
danger ahead.
(1) Note. Only the structure of the container which holds
the explosive substance is here classified. The explosive
itself will be found in Class 149, Explosive and Thermic
Compositions or Charges.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 210+ for detonating signals placed in position
by the movement of a switch, switch-stand, or visual signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
102, Ammunition and Explosives, appropriate subclasses for
containers not specially designed for railway use and
subclass 336 for red fire fuses used by brakeman and others
in railway signaling.
149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges,
appropriate subclasses for explosive or ignitable
compositions which may be useful for signal purposes.
Subclass:
488
This subclass is indented under subclass 473. Subject matter
having collections of signal devices for the use of brakemen
in protecting their trains--such as flags, lanterns,
torpedoes etc.,--fastened or otherwise kept together until
needed for use.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclasses 223+ for a
container for a railway signal kit. Where the container
forms part of the signal device or is particularly configured
to such railway signals, classification is in this (246)
class.
Subclass:
489
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter having means for manually or pedally actuating
signals, switches and other movable elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 393+ and all subclasses mentioned in the search
notes appended thereto for manually actuated switch stands.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000