U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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For classification search strategies, please refer to the
Classification Index
Explanation of Data web page.
(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 188
BRAKES
Class Definition:
This class includes means for retarding the motion of or
stopping machines, including vehicles, both rail and road,
and shafts, wheels, pulleys, or other moving mechanisms, by
friction, by positive engagement of elements, or by the
internal resistance of a fluid or a field of force.
Citations from other classes indicating the limits of this
class will be found under the various subclass definitions.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
Class 192 is the generic locus for clutches and brakes, and
see the Class Definition of Class 192 for further discussion
of clutches and brakes.
Vehicle shock-absorbers are included in this class unless of
the type which flex or put stress upon a spring or springs.
These latter are found in Class 267, Spring Devices.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
3, Artificial Body Members, subclass 26 and 28 for knee
joints equipped with brakes.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for
indexing assemblies of general utility including means to
prevent or hold against rotation, and appropriate subclasses,
especially subclasses 640+ for brakes and/or clutches used to
modify or control a gearing organization, where specific
gearing structure is claimed.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses for an
expansible chamber device, and particularly subclasses 8+
for a means to control the flow of a nonworking arresting
fluid for a working member, subclasses 15+ for a releasable
stop or latch means to arrest the movement of a working
member. For a statement of the line between Class 92 and
Class 188, see References to Other Classes, in the Search
Class note for Class 188, in the class definition of Class
92.
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 6.2 for a motor vehicle which
is steered by creating a difference between the driving
effort developed by one or more traction elements located on
one side of the vehicle and the driving effort developed by
one or more traction elements located on the other side
thereof (e.g., by braking the element or elements on one
side); and subclass 197 for a motor vehicle which is provided
with means for detecting wheel slip during vehicle
acceleration and controlling it by reducing the power applied
to the wheel, and see (1) Note thereof regarding the possible
involvement, additionally, of a change in a braking
condition.
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclasses 5+, 72,
191, and 192 for brakes or retarders which engage a strand of
a device of that class, and subclasses 75, 231, and 236+ for
brakes or retarders associated with a winding reel of a
supple escape.
242, Winding, Tensioning or Guiding, subclasses 243+, 285+,
381+, 382+, 385+, 396+, 419+, 421+, and 422+ for a brake in a
winding, unwinding, or similar environment.
305, Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles, subclass 9 for
brakes combined with wheel substitutes. Class 305 takes the
combination of a wheel substitute and a brake therefor if
some wheel substitute structure is claimed. The mere nominal
recitation of a wheel substitute in the claim is not
sufficient wheel substitute structure to be classified in
Class 305.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 93
for brakes wherein the braking force is transmitted solely by
means of an electromagnetic field between the brake and the
braked elements.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 362+ for
motor braking control. This class (318) takes braking
arrangements for electric motors and includes friction
braking, plugging, dynamic braking and magnetic braking.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for
brakes and/or clutches used to modify a planetary gearing
organization.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated control between an engine and a
transmission, clutch, or brake.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1.11
WITH CONDITION INDICATOR:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. A
device including means automatically responsive to a
predetermined condition of the brake for sending a signal
indicating the condition to an operator.
(1) Note. This subclass includes only patents claiming both
significant brake structure and an indicator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses, especially
subclasses 121+ for a nonelectric brake condition indicator
wherein no significance is attributed to brake structure.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclasses 453+ and 457.3
for an electric automatic brake condition indicator wherein
no significance is attributed to brake structure.
Subclass:
1.12
TO RETARD ROLLING OF CASTER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. A
device including a small roller member (e.g., a wheel or
ball) mounted for rotation about a central axis and adapted
to support a heavy object (e.g., a piece of furniture), and
also including means to brake the rotation of the member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclass 35 for a caster having
a lock to prevent swiveling.
Subclass:
2
Includes brakes for vehicles not specifically provided for in
other subclasses, including vehicle-brakes.
Subclass:
3
Includes brakes for trains of nonrail vehicles.
(1) Note. Where the braking action is initiated by the
relative action between the vehicles of the train, the patent
will be found in this class, subclass 112. Where the
relative motion is between the draft-animals and the vehicle,
see this class, subclasses 115 to 118, and 120 to 123.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclasses 400+ for trains of road
vehicles, especially subclasses 427+ for interrelated brake,
landing gear and couplings in semi-trailers.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass 7
for a fluid pressure brake system for a train divided into a
plurality of sections, the fluid being distributed to the
sections in a different manner.
Subclass:
4
Includes brakes for nonrail vehicles which act on the wheel
and ground.
(1) Note. Brakes of this description usually are applied
between the wheel and the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
36 for chocks applied to rail-vehicles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, subclass 18 for patents for wheel-chocks attached
to the wheel.
Subclass:
5
Brakes for nonrail vehicles applied to the ground, either to
check the forward motion of the vehicle or to prevent side
motion or skidding.
Subclass:
6
The brake member is pointed and penetrates the surface of the
ground.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 188 for ground-engaging devices
that pull on the horse-rein.
Subclass:
7
Brakes for nonrail vehicles which contact or penetrate the
surface of the earth for the purpose of preventing motion
when the vehicle-body is used as a machine-support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 418+ for vehicle attached jacks.
Subclass:
8
Brakes for sleds.
Subclass:
9
Brakes for four-wheeled road-vehicles usually known as "farm"
or "lumber" wagons.
Subclass:
10
The brake engages all the four wheels of the wagon.
Subclass:
11
Brakes in which there is no beam and the brake-shoe is
supported directly by the brake-applying lever or where the
beam is divided into two parts.
Subclass:
12
The brake is supported directly by the running-gear and is
unaffected by the rise or fall of the body or box.
Subclass:
13
The brake is supported directly by the running-gear and there
is no beam or the beam is divided.
Subclass:
14
A wagon brake in which the operating mechanism is extended
upward to clear the load.
Subclass:
15
Wagon brakes in which the portions of the divided beam are
withdrawn a considerable distance from the wheel upon release
of the brake.
Subclass:
16
Brakes that may be separately applied to the
independently-rotating rear wheels of a nonrail vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass
9.61 for separately and simultaneously controlled multiple
motor systems.
Subclass:
17
Brakes applied to the wheel-attached hub or disk on the axle
of a nonrail vehicle.
(1) Note. The parallel subclasses for rail-vehicles are
subclasses 58 and 59 below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.1 for disclosure of an axially movable brake element for
retarding rotation of a wheel (e.g., disc brake).
218 for the disks or surface to which these brakes are
applied.
Subclass:
18
Hub or disk brakes adapted to a motor-vehicle.
(1) Note. The device in this subclass usually include the
structure of the axle (e.g., steerable axle), frame structure
in addition to hub, or disc brake structure with mounting
means for the brake structure in relation to the other
vehicle components.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for disc brakes for railway vehicles which brakes are
applied to the nontread surface of the traction wheel or to a
disk on the axle.
Subclass:
19
Brakes adapted to carts with two wheels.
Subclass:
20
Brakes for children's carriages or perambulators.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 87.01 for brakes for children's
coaster-wagons.
Subclass:
21
Brakes for the platform type of trucks.
Subclass:
22
Brakes for two-wheeled platform-trucks.
Subclass:
23
The brake contacts with the ground.
Subclass:
24.11
Velocipede (e.g., bicycle, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Apparatus which
is adapted to be mounted upon a wheeled vehicle of the type
which is propelled by a person operating the vehicle (e.g., a
bicycle, tricycle, etc.) and which retards motion of the
vehicle by applying braking force to one or more of its
wheels.
Subclass:
24.12
Including mechanism for opposed gripping of wheel rim or
tire:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.11. Apparatus
including a pair of brake components (e.g., brake pads)
carried by an actuating means (e.g., a caliper mechanism),
wherein the actuating means is adapted to move the pair of
brake components into opposed frictional engagement with
sides of either a rim of the wheel or a tire mounted
thereon.
Subclass:
24.13
Wheel rim configured to cooperate with components:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
having a wheel rim particularly designed or constructed to
enhance its coaction with the components.
Subclass:
24.14
Having means to increase braking force (e.g., self-energizing
brake, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
including automatically operating means to increase the
effective force exerted upon the vehicle when the brake is
actuated.
(1) Note. Common to this subclass, and those indented
hereunder, is a vehicle having at least one caliper-type
brake and means for automatically increasing the effective
braking force upon the vehicle without proportionately
increasing the force exerted upon the actuator by the
vehicle's operator. A so-called self-energized brake is one
type of this subject matter.
Subclass:
24.15
Variable leverage actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.14. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means includes a plurality of caliper
arms, each carrying a component, which gives a varying
mechanical advantage to the brake as the components move from
their inoperative positions to their fully operative
positions.
Subclass:
24.16
Plural brakes having common actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.14. Apparatus on
a vehicle which has a plurality of brakes, and means
interconnecting the brakes so that actuation of one effects
similar actuation of the other.
Subclass:
24.17
Actuation controlled by back-pedalling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus for
use on a vehicle wherein the operator propels the vehicle by
turning a sprocket in one direction by means of a pedal
arrangement, wherein the brake is actuated by turning the
sprocket in the other direction.
Subclass:
24.18
With means to lock brake in actuated position:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
having means whereby the brake is constrained to remain in
engagement with the wheel rim or tire after initial actuation
without continued manual actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
83 for a wheel brake which is continuously operated.
265 for a device for holding a brake in a set position
(e.g., set position of brake actuation).
353 for a fluid operated brake with means to trap fluid in
the brake system to hold the brake applied.
Subclass:
24.19
Having means to adjust spacing between brake component and
wheel rim or tire:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
including means for selectively changing the distance between
at least one of the components and the wheel rim or tire when
the brake is in its inoperative position.
Subclass:
24.21
Having center-pull, cable-type actuator for mechanism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
wherein the brake-actuating means includes a cable adapted to
move along its longitudinal axis when it is actuated to
operate the brake, and the longitudinal axis of the cable
passes through the symmetrical center of the brake
components.
(1) Note. The elongated means may comprise, for example, a
rod, a chain, or a cable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344 for a velocipede brake having a hydraulic actuator.
Subclass:
24.22
Specific actuator element structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.12. Apparatus
wherein significance is attributed to a particular design or
construction feature of at least one part within the
brake-actuating means.
(1) Note. Disclosures found in this subclass include a
caliper arm, per se, hinge means for pivotally connecting
caliper arms, etc.
Subclass:
25
The brake-shoe is a cylinder or other rotating body.
Subclass:
26
Brakes are applied to a wheel-attached hub or to a disk on
the axle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.1 for disclosures of an axially movable brake element for
retarding rotation of a wheel (e.g., disc brake).
Subclass:
27
The brake is applied to the wheel that turns with the fork of
the velocipede.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194 for brakes applied to pivoted wheels turning with
reference to the relatively stationary brake-support.
Subclass:
28
The brakes are applied to the diametrically-opposite sides of
a nonrail-vehicle wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for the parallel subclass in rail-vehicles.
Subclass:
29
The brakes are applied on the upper side of the wheel.
Subclass:
30
Brakes applied to the wheels of a nonrail vehicle to prevent
retrograde movement.
Subclass:
31
Brakes for nonrail vehicles that positively stop rotation.
(1) Note. Parallel subclasses will be found in subclasses
60 and 69 below.
Subclass:
32
The brakes are located on the ground and not attached to the
vehicle.
(1) Note. Chocks are found in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 62+ for brakes for track guided vehicles mounted
on a track and not to the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 7 for a chock block for a
vehicle fender device with car control.
410, Freight Accommodation on Freight Carrier, subclasses 4+
for chocks or cradles for the wheel of a vehicle
accommodated on a freight carrier during shipment; note
subclasses 7+ for structure retaining the vehicle on the
carrier which may further include the chock or cradle for
abutment purposes; in particular, note the indented
subclasses 19+ for hub or axle retainer structure and wherein
a wheel chock, as well, may be provided. See too, subclass
30 for a vehicle wheel cradle or chock, absent retainer
means; and subclasses 49+ for a cradle or chock for a
cylindrical article in transit on a freight carrier and which
is not mounted on a stowed vehicle.
D12, Transportation, subclass 217 for a wheel chock.
Subclass:
33
Brakes peculiarly adapted to vehicles running on rails.
Subclass:
34
Brakes for the vehicles of a train operated from one point in
the train.
Subclass:
35
The brakes are applied to both the car-wheel and the rail,
either simultaneously or successively.
Subclass:
36
The brake is applied between the wheel and the rail.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 258 for rail-chocks clamped to the
rail.
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 7 for chock-brakes actuated
by a fender.
Subclass:
37
The shoe-chock is in the form of a roller.
Subclass:
38
The brake is applied to the track, not on the rail upon which
the wheels run.
Subclass:
38.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Devices wherein
a series of detent or stop elements are adjacent the rails
arranged in a line parallel to the direction the rails extend
and a rail-traversing car or carriage carries thereon an
element which is so located that when the car moves along the
rails the element will engage one of the stop elements and
arrest the car.
(1) Note. The stop elements of this subclass are other than
those elements necessary to complete the railway such as
crossties, rail connecting plates, rail plates, and the like;
the stop elements may be and usually are adjustable in the
direction the rails extend.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for car-carried devices which are used to engage parts of
the railway and see (1) Note.
subclasses 62+ for car retarders or catchers installed on
the trackway and requiring no modification for special
construction on the car.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 396 for interrelated tool actuating
means and means to actuate a stop for a work-mover, and
subclass 416 for means to stop a work-conveyer.
104, Railways, subclasses 249+ for trackway-mounted devices
arranged to engage and stop or prevent the motion of a car on
the rails; in the devices in this class (104) the car is not
structurally modified to provide means designed solely to
coact with the stop element.
Subclass:
39
The brake-shoe is a wheel or cylinder.
(1) Note. The rotary shoe is in some cases driven in a
direction opposite to the rotation of the car wheels.
Subclass:
40
The brake is applied to the portions of the track bounding a
channel, usually between the traction-rails.
Subclass:
41
The brakes are applied to the traction-rail.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for rail-brakes electrically applied.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 202+ for grippers for railways.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, subclasses 359+ for a brake carried by an elevator
car and engaging shaft structure to stop the car.
Subclass:
42
Brakes applied to a rail of the suspended or mono-rail type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclasses 112+, and 105, Railway Rolling
Stock, subclasses 148+ for the specified type of railway
structure and car.
Subclass:
43
Brakes in which the rail is gripped by the jaws of a clamp.
The rail may be the traction-rail or another.
Subclass:
44
The gripper is automatically acting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
127
Subclass:
45
The wheel or axis is clamped to the rail to form an anchor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 33+ for examples of rail-clamps.
Subclass:
46
A series of brakes applied to two or more wheels or sets of
parallel wheels in tandem and in which the pull is equalized
on all the brakes in the series.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for clasp-brakes used in this structure.
Subclass:
47
Brakes especially applicable to the two-, four-, or six-wheel
trucks of a railway-car.
Subclass:
48
Brakes adapted to the railway-car trucks in which
preponderance of the load is on two of the wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 184, for the
maximum-traction car-truck.
Subclass:
49
The brakes are hung outside for four wheels of the truck and
are pulled toward each other.
Subclass:
50
The brake mechanism is so disposed as to leave the center of
the truck open for the motor and for other purposes.
Subclass:
51
The brake-beam is divided or the brake-shoe is attached
directly to the brake-lever.
Subclass:
52
The brakes are between the wheels of the four-wheel truck and
are pushed or pulled outwardly.
Subclass:
53
The beam is divided or the brake-shoe is attached directly to
the brake-lever.
Subclass:
54
Locomotive-brake known as the "jam-brake".
Subclass:
55
Specially applicable to mine-cars.
(1) Note. Other brakes applicable to these cars are found
in this class, subclass 57.
Subclass:
56
The brakes are on the diametrically-opposite sides of the
wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for similar brakes on road-vehicles.
46 for other examples of clasp-brakes.
233 for brake-beams especially applicable to these brakes.
Subclass:
57
Brakes applied to the tops of the wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
29 for similar brakes for road-vehicles.
Subclass:
58
The brakes are applied to the nontread surface of the
traction-wheel or to a disk on the axle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.1 for disclosure of an axially movable brake element for
retarding rotation of a wheel (e.g., disc brake).
218 for the disks or wheel surfaces to which these brakes
are applied.
Subclass:
59
The brakes are applied in a direction perpendicular to the
braking-surface of the disk. Search This Class, Subclasses
26, 71, 72, and 73.
Subclass:
60
Brakes that positively stop rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 and 69.
Subclass:
61
Brakes designed to prevent retrograde motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 81, and 127.
Subclass:
62
Brakes located on the track.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 26 for railway track brakes for
regulating the speed of rolling motion of a freight car along
a track.
Subclass:
63
Brakes located on the track that present a positive stop to
the vehicle.
Subclass:
64
Brakes applied to a strand or cord and to the wheel or pulley
over which it runs.
Subclass:
65.1
Brakes which operate on strands, such as ropes, bands, cords,
etc.
(1) Note. The brake structure when claimed, per se, is here
even though it is disclosed as moving relative to a
stationary strand.
(2) Note. See Class 182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,
subclasses 3+ for a torso harness with a strand engaging
descent retarder, subclass 11 for an occupant controlled
carrier traveling on inclined cable, subclasses 71 and 72 for
an occupant-controlled or occupant-weight-controlled descent
retarder with a storage device for a supple escape, and
subclasses 191+ for a load responsive or occupant actuated
brake on a carrier sliding on a single strand.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 419+ and
147+ for a brake to retard movement of running material.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 375+ for a cable-pulling drum having
means for preventing or retarding rotation of drum; and
subclass 391 for a pulley having a mechanism for retarding or
preventing cable movement or element rotation.
267, Spring Devices, subclass 10 for spring devices in which
friction means operate on a flexible strap, and subclass 198
for a strand type shock absorber combined with a spring.
Subclass:
65.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 65.1. Brakes which
have means for securing the brake structure to some other
device.
(1) Note. The securing means may be disclosed for securing
a person to the brake for controlled travel down a stationary
strand or for securing the brake to a stationary structure to
anchor the brake.
Subclass:
65.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 65.1. Devices in
which two or more different strand brakes are claimed in
combination.
Subclass:
65.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 65.1. Devices in
which the strand passes through the brake structure in a
devious or tortuous path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 160+ for metal bending
apparatus which treats metal by progressively bending it back
and forth by passing it between staggered abutments in
opposed rows.
Subclass:
65.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 65.4. Devices
wherein a part of the tortuous brake structure is adjustable
to vary the applied frictional force or grip.
Subclass:
67
Brakes applied to rods.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for a flexible strap brake moving transversely to and
toward the axis and partially or wholly encircling a wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 162 for devices
for gripping and advancing rods and subclass 531 for friction
detents for control levers.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclasses 15+ for a
releasable stop or latch means engageable between a piston or
piston rod of an expansible chamber device and a fixed part
to prevent movement of the piston.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 22-24, 31, 106+, 210, and 245 for analogous
structure for gripping, advancing, and/or holding in position
a traveling bar or rod.
Subclass:
68
Brakes applied frictionally and positively, either
successively or simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for
turrets which may have both positive and friction locking
means.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 53.1 for
similar action in clutches.
Subclass:
69
Brakes for wheels that positively stop rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 and 60.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 813+ for
turrets which may have a positive locking means.
Subclass:
70
Wheel-brakes moving parallel and transversely to axis of
rotation.
Subclass:
71.1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Motion-retarding means wherein the motion to be retarded is
rotation of a wheel, pulley, disc, or an analogous member
rotating about an axis and having a radially-extending
surface, and wherein said means includes a component with the
following characteristics: (a) it is supported to be adjacent
to said member, but substantially fixed against rotation
therewith; (b) it has a friction surface complementary to
said radially-extending surface, but normally spaced away
therefrom; and (c) it may be moved in a direction parallel to
said axis to effect mutual contact of the complementary
surfaces, whereby upon occurrence of said contact, the
rotation of said member will be retarded.
(1) Note. The term "radially-extending surface" includes a
conical or frustro-conical surface as well as a planar
surface that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
(2) Note. Patents in this subclass (71.1) usually claim a
housing that supports a disc-brake assemblage, or the means
for mounting such a housing, but omit structure that would
justify placement into one of the indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 26 and 58, for disclosure of a hub or disc brake acting on
a vehicle, velocipede and railway axle, respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 302+, 381+,
396.9, and 423+ for an axially applied brake for retarding a
spool or the like.
Subclass:
71.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with a clutch that connects and disconnects said
disc or analogous rotating member with respect to a wheel or
other analogous rotating member, the rotation of which is to
be retarded.
(1) Note. The "clutch" referred to above is one that by
itself would be found in Class 192, Clutches and Power-Stop
Control, thus needs no further definition. In this subclass,
however, the clutch is used solely to connect the wheel, or
equivalent rotating load, whose rotation is to be retarded,
to a device of this class (188) and these subclasses (71.1+),
used to retard such rotation, so that a user may control
operation or nonoperation of a brake.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
291 for disclosure of an internal-resistance brake connected
to a wheel or rotating load by a clutch mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for a clutch, per se, and subclasses 12+, for a clutch and
brake that are applied alternatively to drive or to retard a
mechanism.
Subclass:
71.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with two of said components, the friction surface of
one of the components facing in a direction opposite the
friction surface of the other of the components, and further
provided with two radially-extending surfaces spaced from one
another on said rotating member, the components being located
in the space between the radially- extending surfaces so that
each of the radially-extending surfaces is adjacent to but
spaced from a corresponding one of the friction surfaces,
wherein the components are moved apart from one another to
cause each friction surface to contact its adjacent
radially-extending surface.
Subclass:
71.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.3. Apparatus
wherein each of said friction surfaces extends entirely
around the axis of rotation of the member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73.2 for disclosure of an annular disc in a disc brake, and
see the notes to subclass 73.2, for the locus of other
similar structure.
Subclass:
71.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with a multiplicity of said members and with a
multiplicity of said components interleaved between the
members such that each friction surface (i.e., on a
component) is adjacent a radially-extending surface (i.e., on
a rotating member).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.3 for disclosure of a member having two
radially-extending surfaces facing each other and two brake
elements therebetween that move away from each other to cause
each element surface to contact its adjacent member surface.
73.2 for disclosure of an annular disc used in a disc brake,
and see the notes of subclass 73.2, for the locus of other
similar structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.2 and
70.21 for a multiple clutch disk arrangement.
Subclass:
71.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with means for reducing in any or all parts of the
apparatus defined in subclass 71.1 the heat rise that is
caused by use of such apparatus.
(1) Note. It is inherent in any "spot-type" disc-brake
(i.e., in which a friction pad of relatively small area is
pressed against a rotating disc of relatively large area)
that the portion of the disc not adjacent to the pad is
exposed to ambient atmosphere and thus is cooled. To be
placed in this subclass (71.6) a patent must therefore
disclose structure (e.g., a cooling fan, a liquid-circulating
system) specifically designated for a cooling function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for a heat shield and for a shield serving both as a
dust guard and a heat shield for a brake rotor or drum.
264 for disclosure of cooling or lubricating means in a
brake assemblage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.12 and
113.1+ for means to cool or lubricate a clutch part.
Subclass:
71.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with means to alter the space between the
radially-extending surface and the friction surface, such
alteration occurring during a period of noncontact of the
surfaces.
(1) Note. See the definition of subclass 72.1 and (1) Note
of that definition for the difference between adjustment and
actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79.51 for wear take up or compensating structure for a
transversely movable brake.
subclasses 196+ for disclosure of a slack adjuster similar
to brake-wear adjusting means found herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.25 for
adjustable means to move a clutch element axially to
compensate for wear in the clutch parts and subclass 111 for
a clutch wear compensator.
Subclass:
71.8
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.7. Apparatus
wherein the altering means operates without manual
intervention of a user of the apparatus.
(1) Note. In this and the indented subclass the actuator
itself is moved to approximately the same degree during
application of the brake element (i.e., toward the disc) as
during retraction of the element (i.e., away from the disc)
but a connection between the actuator and the element permits
a lesser degree of movement during retraction than during
application.
(2) Note. In this subclass (71.8) many patents disclose a
connection having differential friction between two elements;
that is, friction between two elements causes them to slide
together at the same rate in one direction of mutual movement
but permits them to slip, one with respect to the other, in
the opposite direction of mutual movement.
Subclass:
71.9
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.8. Apparatus
wherein the altering means includes a helically threaded
member that is caused to turn relative to a mating member in
one direction only, thus causing said threaded member to
advance along its axis of turning.
(1) Note. Usually the screw rotates by reason of a ratchet
fixed thereto that cooperates with a pawl oscillating
relative to the screw.
Subclass:
72.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with means to press said component toward said
rotating member so that the friction surface contacts the
radially-extending surface, the operation of said means being
initiated by a user of the brake.
(1) Note. In the operation of a brake or both of the
surfaces (i.e., that on the rotating disc and that on the
nonrotating brake element) will wear by attrition of the
surfaces, thus tending to increase the space that should
normally exist between the surfaces during nonoperation of
the brake. The actuator that moves the brake element toward
the disc for braking usually has only a limited range of
operation, thus it is necessary to adjust the brake element
toward the disc to compensate for such wear. In most devices
the actuator mechanism is separate from the adjustor
mechanism, but in all instances the actuator applies the
brake whereas the adjuster is operated during nonapplication
and the difference is readily apparent.
Subclass:
72.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.1. Apparatus
wherein said component-pressing means includes mechanism to
augment braking pressure applied by said means, the mechanism
acting after the initiation of the means by a brake user and
also acting without further intervention by the brake user.
(1) Note. Energy for augmenting or increasing brake
pressure is usually derived from kinetic energy of the
rotating brake disc, as by dragging a brake element with and
toward the disc, but may be derived from another source.
However, such energy is in addition to that provided by the
muscle power of the user.
Subclass:
72.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.1. Apparatus
further provided with mechanism to withdraw said component
away from contact with said rotating member.
(1) Note. Most patents in this subclass disclose a
resilient element (e.g., coil spring, "Belleville" washer,
rubber block) for urging the brake element away from the
rotating element. However, positively-acting means (e.g.,
fluid pressure, mechanical link, etc.), is also disclosed as
having that function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 166+ for a spring applied brake with the release
mechanism therefor.
216 for the release mechanism to secure the release of a
brake when the applying force is removed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.28 for
spring means to move a clutch element axially to separate
engaged clutch elements.
Subclass:
72.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.1. Apparatus
wherein said component-pressing means includes a movable disc
or cylinder fitted closely within a hollow tube or cylinder
and moved by a force applied via a liquid or gaseous medium.
(1) Note. In this and indented subclasses subatmospheric
(i.e., "vacuum") pressure is also disclosed as a
fluid-pressure medium.
(2) Note. In order to be placed in this subclass, there
must be both significant component-pressing means and
significant cylinder or tube structure recited in the claims.
Nominal component-pressing means and cylinder or piston
structure together with more significant seal structure or
duct boot structure is found in this class, subclass 370.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 151+ for disclosure of a brake operator actuated
by fluid pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 98 for a rolling
diaphragm of the expansible chamber type with the entire
periphery secured to the rigid working member forming the
collapsible wall; subclasses 165+ for a guide or seal on the
cylinder end portion of a piston or member moved by a piston;
subclass 169 for particular details of the cylinder
structure; and subclasses 172+ for details of the brake
piston, per se.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 85+ for a
fluid pressure axially actuated, clutch motor.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclasses 434+ for a piston ring or
piston ring expander or seat therefor.
Subclass:
72.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.4. Apparatus
provided with a plurality of components and with a
corresponding plurality of component-pressing means.
(1) Note. In some devices of this subclass (72.5) one
cylinder is fitted with two pistons, and each piston actuates
its brake element.
Subclass:
72.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.4. Apparatus
further provided with structure for converting force into
motion or for connecting a part movable in one direction to a
part movable in another direction or for increasing or
decreasing the rate of motion or force of one part with
respect to another part.
(1) Note. The mechanical linkage may be used in addition to
the fluid-pressure piston (i.e., in a drive train including
both fluid-pressure and mechanical elements in series), or be
used in substitution therefor (i.e., either the
fluid-pressure system is used or a mechanical linkage is
used).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 for brake devices having both a mechanical and a fluid
operator.
Subclass:
72.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.1. Apparatus
wherein said component-pressing means includes a first
element moving in a first direction and having a surface
angular to said direction, and also includes a second element
movable in a second direction and in contact with said
surface, whereby movement of said first element in a first
direction causes movement of said second element in a second
direction.
(1) Note. In the disclosures of this and indented
subclasses one or more balls or rollers may be interposed
between the first and second elements to reduce friction in
the actuator mechanism.
Subclass:
72.8
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.7. Apparatus
wherein said first element is rotated or oscillated about an
axis and said surface extends substantially radially from
said axis and fully or partially encompasses said axis, and
wherein said second element is constrained to move in a
direction parallel to said axis, whereby turning the first
element causes axial movement of the second element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.4 for disclosure of annular brake elements spread apart
from each other by helical cams.
Subclass:
72.9
This subclass is indented under subclass 72.1. Apparatus
wherein said component-pressing means includes a bar or rigid
piece fulcrumed on a pin, said bar being connected to said
component and oscillated by a user to effect movement of said
component.
Subclass:
73.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
wherein the construction of said component is particularly
significant.
(1) Note. Patents in this subclass (73.1) usually claim the
composition of the brake element, (e.g., the chemical
elements or alloys that comprise the brake element), or the
manner or bonding the brake element to a backing pad, or
disclose other mechanical details of the brake element, per
se, not otherwise provided for.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 250+ for the structure of a brake component, per
se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 107 for the
structure of a clutch component, per se.
Subclass:
73.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.1. Apparatus
wherein said component includes either a single friction
surface or a plurality of separate friction surfaces, but in
either case extending entirely around the axis of rotation of
the member which the surface will contact.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are disclosures of a
conical or frustro-conical surface, or of a planar radial
surface, as well as segments of surface portions spaced
circumferentially to form an equivalent conical or planar
ring.
(2) Note. The component referred to herein is the stator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.4 for disclosure of annular brake elements moved away
from each other into contact with complementary rotating
surfaces.
71.5 for disclosure of a multiple-disc brake assemblage
using annular brake disc and complementary annular rotating
members.
218 for rotor or stator structure, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.11, for
disclosure of one or more annular elements having similar
structure, but used in a clutch-assemblage.
Subclass:
73.31
Retainer for brake element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 71.1. Apparatus
provided with means for supporting the component relative to
the rotating member, fixing the component against rotation,
but permitting movement of the component in a direction
parallel to the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
73.32
Having means to facilitate changing brake element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
wherein the supporting means include means particularly
intended to minimize the time or effort required to remove
and replace the component or some part thereof.
Subclass:
73.33
By manipulation of brake actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.32. Apparatus
including an actuating means for moving the component into
contact with the surface of the rotating member, wherein
either a rearrangement of parts of the actuating means, or a
relocation of the actuating means relative to the supporting
means, facilitates removal or replacement of the component.
Subclass:
73.34
Pivotable actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.33. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means is adapted to swivel into an
alternate location to provide access to the component.
Subclass:
73.35
Having actuator and means to prevent vibration thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including an actuating means for moving the component into
contact with the surface of the rotating member, and means
intended to preclude rapid to-and-fro (i.e., vibratory)
movement of the actuating means.
(1) Note. Disclosures in this subclass and its indent refer
to "squeal", "noise", or "rattle" as undesirable
characteristics of disc brakes, and describe means to prevent
such characteristics.
Subclass:
73.36
Including means to prevent vibration of brake element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.35. Apparatus
including an additional means for precluding vibratory
movement of the component, or wherein the means for
precluding vibratory movement of the actuator has a similar
effect upon the component.
Subclass:
73.37
Having means to prevent vibration of brake element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including means intended to preclude rapid to-and-fro (i.e.,
vibratory) movement of the component.
(1) Note. Disclosures in this subclass and its indent refer
to "squeal", "noise", or "rattle" as undesirable
characteristics of disc brakes, and describe means to prevent
such characteristics.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
D12, Transportation, subclass 180 for a brake element.
Subclass:
73.38
Spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.37. Apparatus
wherein the vibration-preventing means comprises a
resiliently deformable member of solid material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
D12, Transportation, subclass 180 for a brake element.
Subclass:
73.39
Including torque member supporting brake element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including a stationary member, fixed to a wheel support
structure, which receives drag force resulting from
engagement of the component with the rotating member, wherein
the component is carried by the stationary member.
Subclass:
73.41
Including actuator pivotable in plane parallel to axis of
rotation of wheel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including an actuating means for moving the component into
contact with the surface of the rotating member, wherein the
actuating means itself is mounted for angular movement about
an axis parallel to the radially extending surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73.47 for a closed loop type housing which may pivot as
defined above.
Subclass:
73.42
And slidable in that plane:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.41. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means is also capable of linear
movement in a direction parallel to, or colinear with, the
axis of rotation of the member.
Subclass:
73.43
Including actuator slidable in plane parallel to axis of
rotation of wheel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including an actuating means for moving the component into
contact with the surface of the rotating member, wherein the
actuating means is mounted for linear movement in a direction
parallel to, or colinear with, the axis of rotation of the
member.
Subclass:
73.44
On axially extending pin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.43. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means is guided in its sliding movement
by a rodlike element which extends through an aperture in the
actuating means in the direction of sliding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 18.2 for a
flexible sealing diaphragm attached to a longitudinally
reciprocating rod and casing therefor.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclasses 634+ for a static contact seal
for other than an internal combustion engine, or a pipe,
conduit, or cable that is a flexible sleeve, boot, or
diaphragm.
403, Joints and Connections, subclasses 13+ for guide for a
rod or bushing used with a joint or connection of that
class.
Subclass:
73.45
Plural pins:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.44. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means is guided in its movement by a
plurality of rodlike elements.
Subclass:
73.46
Including actuator fixed on torque member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
including an actuating means for moving the component into
contact with the surface of the rotating member, wherein the
actuating means carries the movable components, and the means
is mounted immovably on a stationary member which is fixed to
a wheel support structure and which is adapted to receive
torque produced by engagement of the component with the
rotating member.
Subclass:
73.47
Having closed loop type housing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 73.31. Apparatus
wherein the supporting means comprises a frame having length
and width dimensions, an opening in the frame having lesser
corresponding dimensions and closed on four sides by the
frame, and the supporting means is related to the rotating
member in the following manner: (a) an arc of the periphery
of the rotating member projects through the opening; (b) the
length and width dimensions lie in a plane parallel to and
spaced from the axis of rotation; (c) the length dimension
subtends the member on a chord thereof; and (d) the width
dimension is parallel to the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
74
Wheel-brakes moving transversely to the axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass 301, 381,
396.5+, and 422.4+ for a radially applied brake for retarding
a spool or the like.
Subclass:
75
Wheel-brakes opposing on diametrically-opposite sides of the
wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 73 for
opposing type of transversely engaging clutch.
Subclass:
76
Wheel-brakes moving transversely to the axis of rotation and
gripping the rim of the wheel.
Subclass:
77
Flexible brakes moving transversely to and toward the axis
and partially or wholly encircling the wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 and 58, for other examples of this brake.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 80+ for a
strap type clutch.
Subclass:
78
Brakes moving transversely to and away from the axis and
partially or wholly encircling the inner rim of the wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 135+ and especially subclasses 140+, for brakes,
the braking action of which is due to the momentum of the
machine to which the brake is applied.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 567+ for the
structure of cam elements, per se.
Subclass:
79
Multiple sets of expanding brakes arranged serially or in
parallel in contact with the inner rim of a wheel.
Subclass:
79.51
Having wear take up or compensating structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
which includes a device for adjusting the wheel-brake to
reduce slack or make allowance for the removal of any
wheel-brake material due to use, i.e., wear of a brake shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.7 for means to adjust for wear of an axially movable
brake.
subclasses 196+ for specific slack adjuster structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 522 for a
manually adjustable lever, per se.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.25 and 111
for a clutch wear compensator.
Subclass:
79.52
Temperature responsive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter including means which reacts to the presence or
absence of heat due to braking to affect the adjusting of the
wheel-brake.
Subclass:
79.53
Feeler actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter including a separate member which senses wear of the
brake shoe and activates the adjusting device.
Subclass:
79.54
Actuated in conjunction with other braking element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter wherein the adjusting device is activated in
cooperation with a braking part, e.g., a parking brake
actuator, separate from any use to primarily operate the
brake.
Subclass:
79.55
Actuated by brake operating lever:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter including a brake applying arm which is used to
activate the adjusting device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 425+ where the
brake applying are is connected to a worm gear and the worm
gear shaft structure is of particular significance and
subclasses 458+ for particulars of the teeth of the worm gear
and its associated shaft.
Subclass:
79.56
Having separate adjustment actuator mechanism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter having activating means for the adjusting device
distinct from the adjusting devices, and any brake applying
means, i.e., operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79.54 for an adjusting device actuated in conjunction with
another braking element, e.g., a parking brake, which may act
as a separate activating means.
Subclass:
79.57
Manually operated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter wherein the adjusting device may be directly actuated
by a living being.
(1) Note. The adjusting device may also be automatically
adjusted during braking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 568+ for
adjustable cam actuators.
Subclass:
79.58
Brake operator length adjusted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.57. Subject
matter wherein the adjusting device is part of a brake
applying means, i.e., brake operator.
Subclass:
79.59
Mounted between shoe and a support member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.57. Subject
matter wherein the wheel adjusting device is attached
intermediate the brake shoe and a separate holding element.
(1) Note. The support member may also be another brake
shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79.63 for an adjusting device mounted between a shoe and a
support member no directly actuated by a living being.
Subclass:
79.61
Causes direct simultaneous adjustment of plural shoes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.59. Subject
matter wherein the adjusting device is in contact with and
produces concurrent transverse extension of more than one
shoe.
(1) Note. The shoes are usually adjusted at the brake shoe
anchor.
Subclass:
79.62
Located on or in an operator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter wherein the wheel-brake adjusted device is positioned
in direct contact with or is part of a brake applying means,
i.e., an operator.
Subclass:
79.63
Mounted between shoe and support member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.51. Subject
matter wherein the wheel-brake adjusting device is attached
intermediate the brake shoe and a separate holding element.
(1) Note. The support member may also be another brake
shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79.59 for manually operated adjusting device mounted between
a shoe and a support member.
Subclass:
79.64
Between plural supporting shoes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.63. Subject
matter wherein the wheel-brake adjusting device is attached
intermediate to and is solely suspended by two or more brake
shoes.
Subclass:
80
Wheel-brakes with rotating shoes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for rotary shoes on track.
Subclass:
82.1
Brakes applied to element rotating relative to stationary
elements to prevent retrograde rotation while allowing
forward rotation.
(1) Note. These devices are often known as "automatic" or
"safety" brakes. They may be considered "automatic" in the
sense that their basic structure is such that they
necessarily react to apply braking force on rotation in one
direction.
(2) Note. The rotating element may be included by name as
"hoisting drum", "wheel", etc.
(3) Note. For machines to which the one-way brake is
applied, see the appropriate art class. See (2) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for one-way brakes applied to the wheels of a nonrailway
vehicle to prevent retrograde movement.
61 for one-way brakes for railway vehicles to prevent
retrograde movement.
67 for one-way brakes for reciprocating rod-like members.
subclasses 290+ for a fluid-resistance one-way brake.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 111+, for
mechanisms provided with parts adapted to impart step by step
motion to a unidirectionally driven member, particularly
subclasses 144+, for grip units and features, and subclasses
575+, for the structural detail of a pawl or ratchet.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclasses 291+, for flexible closures in which the material
is accumulated in the form of a roll and which have means
retarding or stopping the rotation of the roll or for holding
the roll to prevent undesired rotation.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 223+, for
devices for the joint control of power transmission and brake
in which the application of the brake is automatic in that it
requires no separate control operation, subclasses 41+, for
clutches which engage in one direction of rotation without
manipulating, subclass 51, for multiple associated clutches
instrumental in accomplishing the reversal of rotation, and
subclasses 116.5+, for stop mechanisms.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 298+, 382+,
385+, 396.2+, and 410 for a one-way positive brake in a reel
or similar environment.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 266+ for apparatus for hauling or
hoisting a load, the apparatus including a driven drum which
pulls on or travels along a cable where no more structure is
included than relates to the brake device, classification is
in Class 188, Brakes.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated control between an engine and a
transmission, clutch, or brake.
Subclass:
82.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which the direction in which retrograde rotation is prevented
is selectable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.3 for one-way brakes including means for rendering the
brake inoperative to prevent retrograde rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 43+, for
clutches which engage in one direction of rotation without
manipulation and which are adjustable to drive in either
direction.
Subclass:
82.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices which
include means by which a one-way brake may be rendered
inoperative to prevent retrograde motion of the rotating
element.
(1) Note. The reversible one-way brakes in this class
(188), subclass 82.2, include means by which one of two
one-way brakes is rendered inoperative while the other is in
operating position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.2 see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 148+, for grip
units which form parts of more complex intermittent grip
mechanisms and which include means for releasing a gripper
from the driven member.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 32+, for
clutches, the action of which is initiated by manipulation
upon which the engagement is completed automatically, and
subclass 41 for one-way clutches that may be made operative
or inoperative by manipulation.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass 299 for a
disabler on a one-way positive brake in a fishing reel.
Subclass:
82.34
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.3. Devices in
which a disabling device is integral with the element applied
to the surface of the rotating element to brake it.
Subclass:
82.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices having
means to withhold the element applied to the surface of the
rotating element for braking from contact with the rotating
element during forward rotation while not incapacitating the
braking element from preventing retrograde rotation.
(1) Note. This feature is usually employed in pawl and
ratchet wheel type one-way brakes to hold the pawl from
rattling on the ratchet wheel during forward rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 576, for pawls
which are held out of engagement with a ratchet wheel during
rotation of the wheel in forward direction and moved into
engagement with said ratchet wheel on retrograde rotation.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass 300 for a
rotational responsive positive brake hold out in a fishing
reel.
Subclass:
82.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which a one-way brake is claimed in combination with elements
other than or in addition to a stationary element, an element
rotating relative thereto, and means permitting rotation in
the forward direction and reacting on the stationary element
to brake the rotating element when rotation is in the
retrograde direction; or in which more than one type of
one-way brake is claimed.
(1) Note. This subclass includes, for example, devices
which act as a one-way brake and have automatic control as,
for instance, having means responsive to the speed of
retrograde rotation of the rotating element to augment the
action of the brake.
(2) Note. This subclass also includes one-way brakes in
combination with an additional brake such as a "service"
brake. Where the additional brake and the one-way brake are
interconnected with a disabling means for the one-way brake,
search this class, subclasses 82.3+.
(3) Note. See the notes to the definition of this class,
subclass 82.1, as to combinations of one-way brakes with
other devices located in other classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.1 see (3) Note above.
82.3 see (2) Note above.
Subclass:
82.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which a strip continuously under longitudinal tension flexes
on retrograde rotation of the shaft to apply braking force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 for flexible brakes moving transversely to and toward the
axis and partially or wholly encircling the wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 80+, for
transversely engaged exterior clutches in which the exterior
transversely moving member is a flexible strap or band.
Subclass:
82.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which a tongue-like element is mounted to swing or bend into
braking position upon retrograde motion of the rotating
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.4 for this subject matter in combination with means which
during the forward rotation of the rotating member acts to
hold the pivoted member out of contact with the surface of
the rotating member usually to avoid rattling of the pawl on
ratchet wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 575+, for
machine elements limited to the structural details of a pawl
or ratchet, and see the notes thereto for the classification
of combinations including pawls.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclasses 300+, for flexible panels which are accumulated in
the form of a roll and which have a brake or stop in the form
of a pawl acting on the roll supporting means, or some part
carried thereby and rotated therewith for the purpose of
retarding or stopping the rotation of the roll, or for
holding the roll to prevent undesired rotation.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 43.1, for
one-way engaging reversible automatic clutches in which the
engaging elements are pivoted pawls, and subclass 45.1, for
one-way clutches in which the engaging element is a wedging
pawl or block.
Subclass:
82.74
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.7. Devices in
which the swing or bending of the detent member is in a plane
containing or parallel to the axis about which the braked
element rotates.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.9 for other one-way brakes for rotating elements in which
the braking element moves axially of the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
82.77
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.7. Devices in
which the swinging element is carried by the rotating
member.
Subclass:
82.8
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which rotation of the rotating element in the retrograde
direction forces a member into jamming position between
converging surfaces, one of which is the rotating element, to
cause a braking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 45.1, for
one-way clutches in which the engaging element is a wedging
pawl or block.
Subclass:
82.84
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.8. Devices in
which the engaging member is circular in cross-section and
rolls into position to exert the braking force.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclass 297, for flexible panels which are accumulated in
the form of a roll and which employ a brake or stop in the
form of a ball or roller operating on the roll supporting
means or some part secured to and rotating with roller.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 45, for
one-way engaging automatic clutches in which the engaging
element is a ball or roller and see the notes thereto for
other ball and roller engaging clutches.
Subclass:
82.9
This subclass is indented under subclass 82.1. Devices in
which the engaging element moves along the axis of rotation
of the element braked to exert the braking force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82.74 for one-way brakes for rotating elements in which the
braking element is a pivoted or flexing detent swinging
axially of the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
83
Wheel-brakes applied continuously.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
139, Textiles: Weaving, subclasses 100+.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 244+ for a
continuously applied brake for the spool of a spinning-type
fishing reel, and subclasses 422+ and 147+ for a brake to
stress running material.
Subclass:
84
The brake is fixed, the part to be braked being moved to the
braking member.
Subclass:
85
Wheel-brakes applied and released automatically at equal
intervals.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass 61
for a brake system intermittently charged with brake fluid.
Subclass:
105
Two or more operating means applied to the same brake.
Subclass:
106
Two or more operators applied to a brake on a nonrail
vehicle.
Subclass:
107
Two or more operators applied to a brake on a rail-vehicle.
Subclass:
108
The brake is operated by the weight on a vehicle-step.
Subclass:
109
The brake is operated by the weight on a vehicle or other
seat.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass 19
for a dead man type brake wherein the brake system is
actuated by a vehicle operator becoming unintentionally
removed from a vehicle operator seat.
Subclass:
110
Brakes operated by the action of the machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 197 as explained in the
reference thereto appearing in the definition of this class
(188); and subclasses 275+ for a motor vehicle which is
provided with a safety-promoting means of a kind which
responds to the engagement of a portion of the perimeter of
the vehicle with an external object by causing application of
the vehicle's brake.
Subclass:
111
The brake is operated by an obstruction or trip located on
the ground.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
246, Railway Switches and Signals, subclasses 171+ and
201+.
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Subclass:
112
Trains of nonrail vehicles on which the brakes are operated
upon the occurrence of relative motion between the vehicles.
(1) Note. The brakes in this subclass are frequently termed
"over run" brakes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for momentum operated brakes controlled (as
distinguished from applied) by draft means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclasses 400+ for trains of road
vehicles, especially subclasses 427+ for interrelated brake,
landing gear and couplings in semi-trailers.
Subclass:
113
The brakes are applied to the four wheels of a wagon when the
draft-animals hold back.
Subclass:
114
The brakes are automatically applied to the wheel-hubs or
wheel-attached disk.
Subclass:
115
Brakes applied to the rear wheels of a wagon by means of
mechanism on the tongue when the draft-animals hold back.
Subclass:
116
The brake is applied to the rear wheels by means of a divided
beam.
Subclass:
117
The brake is applied to the front wheels of the wagon.
Subclass:
118
The brake on the front wheels is applied by a divided beam.
Subclass:
119
The brake is operated by the rising or falling of the
tongue.
Subclass:
120
The brakes on the rear wheels are operated by the relative
motion between the tongues and the wagon when the
draft-animals hold back.
Subclass:
121
The brake on the rear wheels is applied by means of a divided
beam.
Subclass:
122
The brakes are applied to the front wheel.
Subclass:
123
The brakes on the front wheels are applied through a divided
beam.
Subclass:
124
The brakes are applied to the railway-car wheels upon
relative movement between the cars.
Subclass:
125
The action of the brakes is through the drawbar.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 149+ for momentum operated brakes controlled (as
distinguished from applied) by draft means.
Subclass:
126
The action of the brake through the draw-bar is dependent
upon the speed of the railway-car.
Subclass:
127
Upon the draft slacking or parting the brake is automatically
applied to the track.
Subclass:
128
The brakes of the sled are operated when the draft-animals
hold back.
(1) Note. Search subclasses iindented under "Operators,
Automatic, Vehicle, Auxiliary mechanism on tongue," for
similar action with wagons.
Subclass:
129
Friction-brakes operated upon the rise or fall of the
vehicle-body.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 297+ for a fluid-resistance shock absorber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 235 for a
friction brake and occupant-operated mechanisms for applying
a brake during descent.
213, Railway Draft Appliances, subclasses 22+.
267, Spring Devices, subclasses 196+ for a similar device
combined with or having resilient means for biasing the
vehicle parts.
Subclass:
130
The brake member pursues a curved path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 306+ for an arcuately oscillating
fluid-resistance shock absorber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 215 for a similar devices
combined with or having resilient means for biasing the
relatively moving vehicle parts.
Subclass:
131
A brake operating to resist turning of a pivoted
vehicle-truck.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 88, for cases where the
steering-gear is associated with brake mechanism, and
subclasses 89+ for brakes of this type, both friction and
internal resistance.
Subclass:
132
When the connection of the draft-animals to the vehicle is
severed, a further pull will serve to set the brake.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 188.
Subclass:
134
The braking action is due to change in relative motion of the
different parts of a machine.
Subclass:
135
The braking action is due to the momentum of the machine to
which the brake is applied.
Subclass:
136
A brake-shoe is wedged between a holder and the body whose
motion is to be checked.
Subclass:
137
The brake is held from action by electrically-controlled
means.
Subclass:
138
The momentum electrically controlled brake is applied to a
vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 161+ for brakes operate by an electromagnetic
device wherein the braking action my be due to the momentum
of the machine (e.g., revolving brake drum brake rotor) to
which the braking action is applied.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 84.1 for an
electrically actuated clutch with the particular structure of
the electromagnetic actuator therefor.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 77
for electrical generator or motor structure including an
electromagnetic system with a braking device.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 281 for the particular
structure of the core or pole shape or structure or material
of the electromagnetic device.
Subclass:
139
The operation of the momentum-brake is initiated or
controlled by the action of a weight.
Subclass:
140
Brake applied by the motion of the vehicle to be braked.
Subclass:
141
The brake applied to the vehicle through its momentum is
controlled by fluid-pressure-operated means.
Subclass:
142
The brake applied to the vehicle by momentum is controlled
through the draft means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
112 for brakes automatically applied (as distinguished from
controlled) by draft means.
Subclass:
143
The momentum vehicle-brake is applied to the wheel and
ground.
Subclass:
144
A momentum-brake applied to a railway-car.
Subclass:
145
The car-brake is operated through the momentum of the car, by
means of a winding-drum.
Subclass:
146
Here the drum is concentric with the wheel-axle.
Subclass:
147
The brakes are operated through the momentum of the cars to
be braked, the action being controlled by the relative motion
of the units of the train.
Subclass:
148
The braking action is initiated by means of rods on each car,
operated when the cars approach each other.
Subclass:
149
The push-rods are the drawbars of the cars.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 125+ for brakes automatically applied (as
distinguished from controlled) by draft means.
Subclass:
150
The action of the drawbar in initiating the braking action is
dependent on the speed of the car.
Subclass:
151
The brake is operated by means of fluid under pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72.4 for disclosure of a fluid-pressure actuator for a
disc-brake assemblage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclasses 533+ for a master-slave
actuator system where the load connected to the system is
broadly recited. The following terms are considered to
indicate a merely nominal load and do not preclude
classification in Class 60. a. Wheel cylinder b. Brake means
c. Brake cylinders d. Hydraulic vehicle brakes e. Disc brakes
f. Brakes g. Front and/or rear wheel brakes h. Dual brakes.
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, appropriate subclasses for
expansible chamber devices, per se, even though disclosed as
means to operate a brake.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, appropriate
subclasses for systems of distribution of fluid to motors of
more general application, particularly subclass 84.2 for a
safety valve which isolates a failed circuit.
Subclass:
152
Fluid-pressure-operated brakes applied to motor or other road
vehicles.
Subclass:
153
Fluid-pressure-operated brakes applied to rail-vehicles.
Subclass:
154
Fluid-pressure-operated brakes in which the operating fluid
is obtained from the exhaust of an internal-combustion or
other vapor engine.
Subclass:
155
Brakes operated by the impact of a fluid-current.
Subclass:
156
Brakes operated in succession or simultaneously by electric
and other than electric means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 370+
for electric motor braking by plural, diverse or diversely
controlled braking means.
Subclass:
157
There is a rotating electric motor mounted on a rotating
staff, which is also actuated by hand to operate the brakes.
Subclass:
158
Electric:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Operator in which a device using voltage and current actuates
the motion retarder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 171+ for spring applied, electrically released
brakes.
266.1 for an internal-resistant motion retarder controlled
by condition detected outside of retarder.
267 for a brake or shock absorber using magnetic flux as a
motion-resisting force.
282.2 for a valved orifice in a piston actuated by an
electrical system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 21.5, for
field responsive frictional media type brakes.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 93
for electrodynamic torque brakes.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 362+, for
electric motor braking systems.
Subclass:
159
The brakes are operated by means of electric current
furnished by the motors, acting as generators.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 375+, for
electric motor dynamic braking systems.
Subclass:
160
Additional supply of electric current supplements the
motor-generated current.
Subclass:
161
The brakes are operated by an electromagnet.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 84.1 for an
electrically actuated clutch.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 77
for an electrical generator or motor structure including an
electromagnetic braking system.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 281 for the particular
structure of the core or pole shape or structure or material
of the electromagnetic device.
Subclass:
162
The brake is operated by a rotary electric motor.
Subclass:
163
The brake is operated by a solenoid.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Devices in
which the frictionally engaging elements form part of the
electromagnetic flux circuit.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Devices in
which one of the frictionally engaging elements is a rail.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 78, for this type of
device.
Subclass:
166
The brake is operated by a spring.
Subclass:
167
The vehicle-brake is operated by a spring.
Subclass:
168
The brake-setting spring is released by the pull of the
draft-rigging on the vehicle.
Subclass:
169
The brake-setting spring is released by the pull of the
draft-animals.
Subclass:
170
The spring-applied brake is released by
fluid-pressure-operated means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72.3 for a device with a mechanism (e.g., fluid) to withdraw
the component away from the rotating member which device
further includes means (e.g., fluid) to press the component
toward the rotating member, the component including the
characteristics set forth under subclass 71.1.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 63 for biasing
means for a working member and subclass 130 for biasing means
for a working member held inoperative by fluid pressure.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 91 for spring
applied, fluid pressure released clutches.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass 71
for a brake motor forced to release position by the pressure
of fluid.
Subclass:
171
The spring-operated brake is released by
electrically-operated means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
158 for electrical operators for applying the brake.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 90 for a
spring applied electrically released clutch.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 366+, for
devices of this type combined with a motor circuit to release
the brake when the motor is energized.
Subclass:
173
The spring-operated brake on a vehicle is released by
electrically-operated means.
Subclass:
174
The brake is applied by a weight.
Subclass:
175
The operation of the weight is controlled by the draft on the
vehicle.
Subclass:
176
The vehicle-body forms the weight that operates the brake.
Subclass:
177
A brake is applied when the vehicle-body is inclined.
Subclass:
178
The body of the vehicle is shifted longitudinally to operate
the brake.
Subclass:
179
The brakes are operated by a float.
Subclass:
180
The brake is applied in response to speed condition of the
machine. The regulator recovers and assumes its normal
condition on decrease of speed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclasses 488+ for a speed
responsive device, per se.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses 336+, for
speed-controlled gears.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclasses 291+, for roll devices having means for retarding
or stopping the roll, or for holding the roll to prevent
undesired rotation.
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 75, 234, and
239 for a reel type self-lowering escape with a regulator or
brake on reel.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 250+
for a specific elevator load support drive means or its
control.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 147.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
subclasses 254+, for condition responsive control in
planetary gear transmission systems.
Subclass:
181
A brake-speed regulator located on a vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, particularly
subclasses 121+ for a speed controlled braking systems,
especially subclass 115.6 for a flywheel type.
Subclass:
182
The fluid-pressure and electric operated brakes are
controlled in response to the speed of the machine.
Subclass:
184
In response to the speed of the wheel brake-shoes are forced
into contact with the inner rim.
Subclass:
185
The action of the shoes is radially outward.
Subclass:
186
The action of the brake-shoe is inward toward the rim of the
wheel.
Subclass:
187
A brake is moved parallel to the axis of rotation in response
to speed of the wheel.
Subclass:
188
In response to the speed of movement a brake engages a strand
or cord.
Subclass:
189
The brake is set in response to speed condition. The brake
remains set upon decrease of speed.
Subclass:
190
Devices to compensate the disturbance of the brake-rigging
upon movements of the vehicle-body.
Subclass:
191
A rod or bar maintains the brake-shoe at a constant distance
from the vehicle-wheel during the rise and fall of the
vehicle-body.
Subclass:
192
Devices to compensate the disturbance of the brake-rigging
due to the turning of a wheel truck.
Subclass:
193
To compensate the turning of a railway-wheel truck.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 165+, for means for
radial compensation.
Subclass:
194
To compensate the brake-rigging upon disarrangement due to
the turning of a one-wheel truck.
Subclass:
195
Devices to regulate the force of application of the brakes
made necessary by changes in the load on the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure Brake and Analogous Systems, subclass
9.68 and 22.1+, for systems where the distribution of the
fluid is controlled according to the gravity load on the
machine.
Subclass:
196
Devices to compensate the wear or stretch of the brake shoes
and rigging.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.7 for disclosure of a wear-adjusting means in a
disc-brake assemblage.
79.51 for wear take up or compensating structure for a
transversely movable brake.
Subclass:
197
Slack-adjusters peculiarly adapted for use on railway-cars.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
246, Railway Switches and Signals, subclass 152, and indented
subclasses, for wear or stretch compensators.
Subclass:
198
The slack-adjuster is automatic in action.
Subclass:
199
The adjustment is made by means of frictional rod-clutch.
Subclass:
200
The slack is taken up by means of a ratchet and toothed bar.
Subclass:
201
Plates or shims are used in adjusting the length of members.
Subclass:
202
The wear or stretch is taken up by means of a nut and screw.
Subclass:
203
The screw is operated by fluid-pressure.
Subclass:
204
Devices to equalize the draft on two or more brake members.
Subclass:
205
Hangers or other supports for brake members.
Subclass:
206
Supports for braking elements.
Subclass:
207
Supports for the shoe-carrying beams on vehicles.
Subclass:
208
Supports for brake-beams adapted to the road-vehicle type of
beam and brake-shoe.
Subclass:
209
The portion of the vehicle from which the beam is suspended
or upon which it is supported.
Subclass:
210
An additional support, normally idle, adapted to receive the
brake element upon failure of the active support.
Subclass:
211
The support is engaged in the brake-head or in the
bracket-support in a manner to prevent accidental
displacement.
Subclass:
212
The supports are designed to preserve the parallelism of the
face of the brake-shoe and the face of the wheel.
Subclass:
213
The parallelism of the shoe-face to the wheel-face is secured
by supporting the beam at more than two points.
Subclass:
214
There are means to compensate wear in the support to prevent
chattering and for other purposes.
Subclass:
215
The position of the support is affected by wear in the
brake-shoe to secure a readjustment.
Subclass:
216
Mechanism to secure the release of the brakes when the
applying force is removed.
Subclass:
217
A spring or other cushion placed between the brake-applying
power and the brake to distribute or partially dissipate the
thrust on the braking element.
Subclass:
218
The disks or drums attached to or revolving with the wheel
and to which the brake is applied.
(1) Note. This subclass includes heat shields, dust guards
and vibration dampeners for compensating for thermal
expansion of the brake wheel drum or disc. Also, this
subclass includes vibration dampeners for the noted elements
in general.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
250 for vibration dampeners for brake shoes, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 574 for vibration
dampeners for flywheels and rotors.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 30 for
vibration dampener for a clutch and subclasses 70.17+ and
200+ for a vibration dampener for clutch elements.
295, Railway Wheels and Axles, subclass 33.
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, for a wheel having a
surface to be engaged by a brake, particularly subclass 6.1
for a wheel with a brake or drive attachment.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereunder.
Subclass:
219.1
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices
which carry the brake shoes and heads, and through which the
thrust is transmitted to the shoes, either claimed, per se,
or in combination with heads, shoes, fulcrums, guides and/or
guards.
Subclass:
219.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Devices
wherein the beam has structure for mounting the brake heads
movably, reversibly and/or adjustably.
(1) Note. Beams peculiarly constructed to pivot a brake
head are here, even though the head is not claimed.
Subclass:
220.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.6. Devices
wherein the head is pivoted upon the beam.
Subclass:
220.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 220.1. Devices in
which means is provided for fastening the head in an
angularly adjusted position.
Subclass:
221.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 220.6. Devices in
which the fastening means yieldingly holds the head with
respect to the beam, and allows for automatic readjustment of
the position of the head when the brakes are applied.
(1) Note. Devices which provide for automatic readjustment
of the head combined with means for manually locking the head
in the readjusted position are found in this subclass.
Subclass:
222.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Devices
wherein the brake head or head thrust block is fixed with
respect to the beam.
Subclass:
222.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 222.1. Devices in
which the head and beam are made by shaping a single piece of
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
226.1 for trussed beams in which the tension and compression
members are integral.
Subclass:
223.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 222.1. Devices
wherein the beam is a trussed beam.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225.6 for the specific structure of trussed beams.
Subclass:
223.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 223.1. Devices in
which the heads or blocks are held in place on the
compression member of the beam by means of the tension
element of the beam.
Subclass:
224.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 223.6. Devices
wherein the end of the tension member extending through the
head or block is threaded to receive a nut, the adjustment of
which changes the tension in the member.
Subclass:
225.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Devices
having separate compression and tension members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223.1 for trussed beams combined with rigidly mounted brake
heads.
Subclass:
226.1
Devices under 225.6 wherein the tension and compression
members are made by shaping a single piece of material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222.6 for integral beams and brake heads.
Subclass:
228.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 225.6. Devices
wherein the compression member of the beam is of hollow
form.
Subclass:
228.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 225.6. Devices
wherein the compression member is of H, I, L, T, U, V, or X
cross-section.
(1) Note. These compression members are usually made from
modified rolled sections.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223.7 for nontrussed beams having any of these same
cross-sections.
Subclass:
229.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 225.6. Devices
wherein a strut between the tension and compression members
also constitute a bearing or pivot for a brake lever which
applies force to the beam.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228.1 and 228.6, for strut type fulcrums used with the
particular type of trussed beams there classified.
(Disclosures from these two subclasses are not
cross-referenced into this subclass).
Subclass:
229.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 229.1. Devices
wherein the fulcrum is capable of being positioned in either
of two positions approximately ninety degrees apart, to
enable the brake lever to be canted to the right or to the
left.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231 for reversible fulcrums mounted on nontrussed beams.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Devices
having a bearing or pivot for a brake-lever which applies
force to the beam.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
229.1 for fulcrums which also constitute the strut for
trussed beams.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Devices wherein
the fulcrum is capable of being positioned in either of two
positions approximately ninety degrees apart, to enable the
brake lever to be canted to the right or to the left.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
229.6 for reversible fulcrums which serve as struts for
trussed beams.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Devices wherein
there are a plurality of spaced fulcrums on the beams,
usually near the ends.
(1) Note. This form of beam is adaptable for clasp-brakes
and others where it is desirable to leave a free central
space.
Subclass:
233.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Devices with
means to cooperate with other parts of the brake or vehicle
structure to confine the movement of the beam and/or the
brake head in its normal movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for supports combined with beams and/or beam
assemblies.
Subclass:
233.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 219.1. Beam
structures wherein the beam is of H, I, L, T, U, V or X
cross-section.
(1) Note. These beams are usually made from modified rolled
sections.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228.6 for trussed beams having a compression member of any
of the same cross-sections.
Subclass:
234
Includes patents for methods or devices for fastening
wearing-shoes to the holder.
(1) Note. In the railway type of brake the shoe is attached
to a holder called the "head", and this is attached to the
beam. In the wagon type of brakes, where the wearing-shoe is
attached directly to the brake-beam, the patents will be
found in this class, subclass 220 or 221 above.
Subclass:
235
A shoe-fastener adapted to locomotive and other heavy shoes.
Subclass:
236
Brake-heads or shoe-holders in which the invention is
directed to the part of the head modified by or which
modifies the wearing-shoe.
Subclass:
237
A wheel-guard or device to retain the shoe in proper relation
to the wheel is combined with the shoe-fastening.
Subclass:
238
Two or more shoes are combined in the same structure.
Subclass:
239
The shoes are placed one over another, so that the back shoe
is a holder to the one at the face.
Subclass:
240
The shoes are arranged in line in relation to face of wheel.
Subclass:
241
The shoes are in linear arrangement, connected by parts that
may be fractured on undue strain.
Subclass:
242
The heads and shoes have projecting interfitting parts.
Subclass:
243
The fastening-key is inserted longitudinally of the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
411, Expanded, Threaded, Driven, Headed, Tool-Deformed, or
Lock-Threaded Fastener, subclasses 357+ for longitudinally
inserted penetrating pin securing means.
Subclass:
244
The shoe and head lugs can be brought together only
longitudinally.
Subclass:
245
The shoe and head lugs can be brought together only from the
side.
Subclass:
246
The shoe is held in a clamp with movable jaws.
Subclass:
247
Lugs on the back of the shoe to attach to the head.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255 and 258.
Subclass:
248
The back-lug is cast into the back of the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255 and 258.
Subclass:
249
Devices for attaching flexible shoes to ears or heads.
Subclass:
250
The elements that come in contact with the body to be
retarded.
(1) Note. Where the shoe or element is claimed with no
significant shoe or element structure but merely in terms of
the composition or material of which it is composed, it will
be classified in the appropriate composition or material
class, even though there is no claim to the composition, per
se. In this connection, the following classes should be
considered:
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, for articles defined solely by
their metal or alloy composition.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic. Note particularly
the class definition of Class 106 for the classification of
other compositions.
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclasses 31+ for
materials which are products of processes of treating metal
classifiable in Class 148, or for products distinguished only
by the internal structure or characteristics of the metals,
metallic compositions or alloys comprising such products.
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
appropriate subclass, for methods of making laminated
structures.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 107+ for
the structure of a clutch component, per se.
252, Compositions, for compositions not elsewhere
classified.
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, subclasses 709+ for a
composition containing rubber.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate
subclasses, for a stock material product in the form of a
single or plural layer web or sheet not elsewhere provided
for, and especially subclass 64.1 for a circular sheet;
subclasses 196+ and 225+ for such a product embodying
mechanically interengaged strands (e.g., weave, knit);
subclasses 364+ for a rod, strand, fiber or filament with
structure (e.g., nonlinear) or coated; and subclasses 544+
for a web or sheet which is all metal or has adjacent metal
components. See also (2) Note below.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate
subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 152 for a
composition containing a synthetic resin having utility as a
friction element for automobiles, trains, trailers, roller
skates, skateboards, or other wheeled vehicles or to
processes of preparing said composition.
(2) Note. A patent directed to a product with a frictional
property, where said property is enhanced by claimed
structure (external structure (e.g., disc surface
configuration)) or internal structure (e.g., discrete zones
of friction material; particular arrangement of strands,
fibers or layers), will be placed in this class (188) rather
than in Class 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,
where the sole use disclosure is as a brake.
Subclass:
251
Shoes that are a combination of two or more elements.
Subclass:
251
Shoes that are a combination of two or more elements.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, subclass 36, for
friction surface compositions.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 564
for a metallic composite in which at least one component is
made up of a mixture of metal and nonmetal particles.
Subclass:
252
Composite shoes having a member extending over the flange of
the wheel.
Subclass:
253
Composite flanged shoes having recesses for ventilation or
other purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261 for examples of other recessed shoes.
Subclass:
254
A composite shoe constructed of a shell filled with some
plastic material not molten metal.
Subclass:
255
A composite shoe formed of a body of cast metal, in which is
embedded other material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
257 and 258.
Subclass:
256
A composite shoe of a body of cast metal, in which are placed
inserts of nonmetallic material.
Subclass:
257
Into the metal body of the shoe and near the wearing-face are
cast metallic inserts to modify the frictional and abrasive
action of the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255
Subclass:
258
Into the metal body of the shoe and near the back are cast
metallic inserts to prevent the shoe falling apart when
broken.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255
Subclass:
259
Flexible brake-shoes suitable for band-brakes.
Subclass:
260
Portions of the face of the shoe are chilled when casting.
Subclass:
261
The shoes contain recesses or cavities for purposes of
ventilation and for other purposes.
Subclass:
262
The shoe is formed of a roller or has a roller on its face.
Subclass:
264
Devices for cooling or lubricating brake-shoes or brake
wheels or drums.
(1) Note. This subclass takes such wheel structure as may
be necessary to the functioning and/or support of devices
which, by disclosure, are intended to facilitate the removal
of brake-generated heat from a braked wheel or to prevent
transmission of such heat from a brake part or parts to other
portions of the wheel. This is so, regardless of whether any
brake structure is claimed. For example, patents drawn to
ventilating wheel covers for the above stated purpose, or to
the combination of such covers with their respective wheels,
are classified here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.6 for disclosure of a disc-brake assemblage having
cooling means therefor.
218 for brake wheels or rotors, per se, including wheel
cooling structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 59, for devices for
cooling motors.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 70.12 for
means to cool or lubricate a clutch part of the axially
engaging type and subclasses 113.1+ for lubricating a cooling
a clutch part.
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, subclass 6.1, for
wheel brake-heat dissipators or insulators combined with
wheel parts not necessary to the functioning and/or support
of the dissipator.
Subclass:
265
Devices for holding the brakes in a set position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 114+ for
locks for holding the clutch in a set position.
Subclass:
266
INTERNAL RESISTANCE MOTION RETARDER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a first member attached to a moving mechanism,
wherein there is relative motion between the first member and
either a medium or a second member, and wherein at least one
component of the relative motion is restrained or dissipated
by a reluctance to be disturbed that exists within the medium
or the second member.
(1) Note. The term "reluctance to be disturbed" is used to
describe the internal resistance of a medium to movement of
an object therethrough, such as (a) a liquid (which has
viscosity), (b) a magnetic field (which has flux lines of
force), (c) a gas (which has density, though less than that
of liquid), and (d) granular material (which is fluent under
certain conditions). Said term also describes the internal
resistance of an object (i.e., the "second member" of the
definition) to elastic deformation, such as a spring or body
of rubber (which yieldingly resists deformation). The named
mediums and objects are only examples of those that can be
found within devices in this and indented subclasses. In
each of these devices, internal resistance is the
characteristic that retards motion.
(2) Note. The movement of the first member is not
restricted to motion in only one direction, but may include
return motion in the opposite direction. However, when the
movement of the member is returned, both the energy of the
original motion and that of the returned motion are absorbed
by the retarder. In neither direction of motion is absorbed
energy returned by the device to cause return movement.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
182, Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold, subclass 233 for
fluid resistance brakes for fire escapes, ladders and
scaffolds.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 215+ for
internal resistance brake with a transmission control.
267, Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses for a device by
which energy absorbed during movement of a member in one
direction is returned to restore the member to its original
position.
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 134 for bumpers having fluid
shock absorber means to absorb an impact force on the
bumper.
Subclass:
266.1
Motion damped from condition (e.g., bump, speed change)
detected outside of retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder in which a movement, external to
the retarder (e.g., by the wheel) causes a response by the
member or medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 5.5 for a general utility land
vehicle including an active suspension responsive to a force
encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion
which may or may not involve an internal-resistance motion
retarder; subclasses 6.15+ for a general utility land vehicle
including means, interposed between the vehicle body,
chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for altering
height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame
which may or may not involve an internal-resistance motion
retarder; or subclasses 124.1+ for a general utility wheeled
land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement which may or
may not involve an internal-resistance motion retarder. See
the (2) Note appearing within this class (Class 188),
subclass 272.
Subclass:
266.2
Condition actuates valve or regulator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.1. External
condition detection in which a flow controlling device damps
the motion.
Subclass:
266.3
Of the rotary type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.2. Valve which
turns about an axis to align an opening to control flow.
Subclass:
266.4
Having plural openings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.3. Rotary valve
in which an element of the flow controlling device has more
than one aperture.
Subclass:
266.5
Of the pulsating or reciprocating type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.2. Valve which
oscillates along an axis to align an opening to control
flow.
Subclass:
266.6
Side mounted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.5. Pulsating or
reciprocating valve in which the flow control device is
located perpendicular to the retarder axis.
Subclass:
266.7
Piezoelectric:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder in which a material that converts
alternating current into mechanical vibrations is used.
Subclass:
266.8
With failure or malfunction detection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder in which a flaw in the member,
medium, or system is recognized.
Subclass:
267
Using magnetic flux:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder wherein a medium comprises a
dipolar field of force in which the density is related to the
intensity.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 84.1 for
electric or magnetic operators.
267, Spring Devices, subclass 140.14 for a spring device
with energy absorbing means including fluid and magnet flux
dampening.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 92
for electrical generator or motor structure including a
magnetic flux brake.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, subclasses 362+
for a brake on an electric motor, wherein the brake uses
magnetic flux to retard rotation.
Subclass:
267.1
Electroviscous or electrorheological fluid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder wherein the liquid or gas changes
viscosity upon application of electricity.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 140.14 and 140.15 for energy
absorbing means with electronic or magnetic control which
includes electroviscous or electrorheological fluid.
Subclass:
267.2
Magnetic fluid or material (e.g., powder):
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder wherein a dipolar liquid or gas
composition changes viscosity upon application of energy.
Subclass:
268
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the first member imparts its motion to a resilient second
member or to a flowable, granular mass of particles.
(1) Note. The use of a spring to bias a valve is common in
the devices of subclasses 266+, but such spring means is not
classified here. This subclass (268) is for a device wherein
the energy of motion is absorbed by a spring or block of
rubber, for example.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses, for a device
wherein a spring absorbs and returns energy of motion from
and to the device.
Subclass:
269
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the medium comprises a gas and a liquid, or comprises liquids
of different viscosities.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass (269) are some devices
wherein a mixture of air and liquid tends to "froth" during
operation, but special valve or ducting structure is provided
to prevent such frothing.
Subclass:
270
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the medium comprises air that surrounds the mechanism and
flows relative thereto, and wherein the first member extends
into or causes the flow of air.
(1) Note. Included herein is a vehicle having vanes
extensible into the flow of air through which the vehicle is
travelling, and a motor driving a fan-blade that causes air
to be moved whereby motor speed is governed.
Subclass:
271
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device having
an internal-resistance motion-retarder placed in an
appropriate subclass of 266+ and also relying for its
motion-retarding effect upon the friction characteristics of
two adjacent surfaces, which second motion-retarding effect
is characteristic of devices placed in other subclasses of
Class 188.
(1) Note. This subclass includes (a) a device wherein a
brake of subclass 290 or its indented subclasses is combined
with a friction brake of other subclasses of Class 188, and
(b) a device wherein a shock absorber of subclass 297 or its
indented subclasses is particularly disclosed as having its
retarding effect increased by friction (e.g., the cylindrical
surface of a piston is radially urged against the cylinder in
which the piston slides).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 57, for a
surface-friction clutch combined with an internal-resistance
clutch.
Subclass:
272
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.
Internal-resistance brake combined with the moving mechanism
that causes the motion which is to be restrained by the
brake; the combination being not otherwise provided for.
(1) Note. The devices in this and indented subclasses are
those wherein the mechanism is not significant (therefore the
device is not proper for the class wherein other such
mechanisms are found) and wherein the proper class for such
mechanism, per se, does not provide for the combination of
mechanism and motion-retarder therefor. See the Search Class
Notes below for a partial listing of classes providing for
such combination.
(2) Note. It is customary for a motor vehicle to have
included therein a shock absorber of an appropriate subclass
of 266+. Therefore the "combination" of a vehicle and shock
absorber will be found in the subclass pertaining to the
shock absorber, per se, unless significant vehicle structure
warrants classification of the device in an appropriate
vehicle class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
4, Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, subclass 248, for
buffer and dashpot structure.
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclass 84, for a pneumatic
closure check.
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 862.09, for a torque
absorbing dynamometer using fluid, and subclass 430, for an
instrument mechanism damping device.
104, Railways, subclass 256, for a fluid-pressure
car-stopping bumper.
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 193, for a bogie bolster
damper.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 323, for a
significant charge-proportion-varying internal combustion
engine having braking means therefor including exhaust
restricting means.
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 514+, for a valve having a
dashpot thereon to retard its actuation.
177, Weighing Scales, subclasses 184+, for a weighing scale
having a shock absorber or damper.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, subclass 344 and subclasses 345+, for an elevator
having a fluid governor.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 34,
for a dashpot in a circuit maker.
244, Aeronautics, subclasses 110+, for aircraft arresting
gear including fluid resistance means.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclasses 48+, for a valve
retarded by a dashpot.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclass 377, for a cable drum retarded by a fluid
resistance brake.
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 89.11 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle including occupant controlled steering
of laterally opposed, stub axle supported, steerable road
wheels provided with means for returning the steerable road
wheels to a center or neutral angulation which may or may not
be fluid operated; subclass 89.13 for a fluid positioning
device employed in conjunction with the tie rod
interconnecting laterally opposed steerable stub axles not
returning the steerable road wheels to a center or neutral
angulation; or subclass 90 for a general utility wheeled land
vehicle including occupant controlled steering having fluid
positioning devices not limited to laterally opposed stub
axle supported steerable road wheels.
297, Chairs and Seats, subclasses 470+, for a body restrainer
having an energy-absorbing device.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, subclasses 99+, for a movable electrode having a
dashpot for retarding motion thereof.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 29, 61 and 240, for a switch
having a dashpot.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
subclasses 31+, for planetary gearing associated with a fluid
brake.
Subclass:
273
This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Device wherein
the mechanism is an engine emitting waste products and
includes a member that may be positioned to restrict the
emission of such products, whereby the operation of said
engine is restrained as a result of such restriction.
(1) Note. The engine may be an internal-combustion engine
emitting exhaust products or a steam engine or turbine
emitting waste steam, but in either case the restriction on
emission is the proximate cause of engine retardation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 323, for an
internal-combustion engine having a relationship of
resistance braking and charge-proportion varying.
Subclass:
274
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device provided
with means to change the temperature of the medium or any
part of the device.
(1) Note. It is inherent in the operation of an internal
resistance brake that heat will be generated as a member is
moved in a medium. The device of this subclass has
significant means to cool the medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
165, Heat Exchange, for a heat exchanger, per se.
Subclass:
275
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the first member causes flow of a fluid medium through a
passage for said fluid, said passage having an element that
is movable to close or modify the size of the passage,
thereby variably restricting flow of fluid through said
passage, said element being sluggish in its movement by
reason of a reluctance to be disturbed that exists in the
element or a weight connected thereto; whereby motion of said
member is restrained not only by reluctance to be disturbed
that exists in the fluid itself, but also restrained by
restriction to fluid flow caused by reluctance to be
disturbed that exists in the element.
(1) Note. Examples of devices found in this subclass
include: a shock absorber wherein amplitude or frequency of
movement to be retarded causes operation of a valve in the
shock absorber by reason of inertia in the valve, and a shock
absorber on a vehicle wherein change in direction of the
vehicle causes an inertia valve on the shock absorber to
change the retarding effort of the shock absorber.
Subclass:
276
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
motion of a member relative to a fluid medium causes
variation in degree of heat or fluidity of the fluid (and
thus tends to alter restraining characteristics of the
device), provided with means for counteracting effects of
such variation, thereby preserving restraining
characteristics of the device.
Subclass:
277
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device wherein
said fluid flows through a passage having an element
modifying the size of the passage, which element is affected
by variation in degree of heat of the fluid thereby to
counteract effects of such variation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
93, for a thermostatic valve, per se, located in the fluid
controlled by the valve.
Subclass:
278
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Device wherein
modification in size of the passage by said element is
further regulated by manipulation of the element by a person
using the device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
309 and 310, for an oscillating or reciprocating shock
absorber having a manually adjustable valve.
Subclass:
280
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
restraining effort is responsive to the velocity of the
thrust member or of the flowing medium with respect to the
device.
(1) Note. The term "thrust member" is defined and explained
in the definition and (1) Note of subclass 297.
(2) Note. In this subclass a shock absorber retards a
normal movement with a normal force, but retards a faster
movement with a greater force.
Subclass:
281
Resistance alters relative to direction of a thrust member
(e.g., high resistance in one direction, low in the other):
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.
Internal-resistance motion retarder wherein the restraining
effort is responsive to the path of movement of a piston
(first member), within a fluid, with respect to a chamber or
cylinder.
(1) Note. In this subclass, a shock absorber retards
movement of a mechanism in one direction with a normal force,
but retards movement in an opposite direction with a greater
or lesser force.
Subclass:
282.1
Via valved orifice in thrust member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Resistance
altered depending on piston direction wherein the member is
provided with an opening for the passage of gas or liquid
through the opening, and the opening is provided with an
element for regulating the opening.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are pistons in which
usually two orifices are provided in the piston or thrust
member; one of which orifices has a one-way valve that
permits flow of fluid in one direction and restricts flow of
fluid in the opposite direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 317+ for a variable volume chamber in which
fluid flows through an orifice in a piston.
322.15 for the particular structure of the piston member.
Subclass:
282.2
Valve actuated by electrical system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.1. Valved piston
in which the size varying element is moved by an applied
voltage and current.
Subclass:
282.3
System initiated by a pressure change or feedback:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.2. Electrically
actuated valve in which the voltage and current are applied
in response to a fluid force.
Subclass:
282.4
System having distinct selections (e.g., hard, medium,
soft):
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.2. Electrically
actuated valve in which the voltage and current moves the
element based on a particular choice that determines the
degree of damping.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are selections based on
the type of driving anticipated (fast versus slow) and road
conditions (rough versus smooth).
Subclass:
282.5
Flexible flap-type valve (e.g., compression washers):
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.1. Valved piston
in which the size varying element is a bendable platelike
member.
Subclass:
282.6
Having flow passage, cutout, aperture, slot, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.5. Flexible flap
valve in which the platelike member has an opening.
Subclass:
282.7
Ball-type valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.1. Valved piston
in which the size varying element is a sphere, usually
solid.
Subclass:
282.8
Spring-loaded valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.1. Valved piston
in which the size varying element is a generally coiled metal
wire having a resiliency.
Subclass:
282.9
Adjusting the tension via (a) compressing or expanding or (b)
different strength springs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 282.8.
Spring-loaded, valved piston in which the coiled wire
resiliency (a) can be varied or (b) comprises two different
sizes.
Subclass:
283
Piston having a restrictable opening (e.g., apertured plate)
in a fixed volume chamber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder wherein restraining effort varies
in accordance with the relationship between a passage for
fluid medium and an element modifying the size of the passage
within a cylinder having a predetermined size.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
319.2 for varying orifice size using a hand or hand tool in
a variable volume chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 140.11 for a resilient shock
absorber including energy absorbing means having an orifice
plate.
Subclass:
283.1
Vortex flow passages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Piston
restrictable opening in which the element is designed to
create an outward rotating effect to damp.
Subclass:
284
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
restraining effort varies in accordance with the location of
a thrust member with respect to the variable-volume chamber
in which the member moves.
(1) Note. The terms "thrust member" and "variable-volume
chamber" are defined and explained in the definition and
Notes of subclass 297.
(2) Note. This and indented subclasses provide for a
so-called "two-stage" shock absorber in which movement of a
mechanism is retarded to one degree during a portion of such
movement, and is retarded to a greater or lesser degree
during another portion of such movement.
Subclass:
285
Having a fluid flow passage adjusted manually e.g., threaded
plug, threaded rod, gearing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Piston movement
varies resistance in which the degree to which the
restraining effort varies is controlled by a hand or hand
tool moving a short slender dowel with a projecting helical
rib, a toothed plate, etc.
(1) Note. In this subclass, passage of fluid is permitted
in an amount regulated by, and responsive to, the position of
a piston relative to the cylinder in which it moves, and a
valve is regulated by a user of the device to additionally
permit or restrict the amount of fluid passed.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass are needle valves.
Subclass:
286
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
said chamber is formed by a thrust member and an enclosure
which together contain a fluid, said enclosure has at least
one opening therein for the passage of fluid therefrom, and
said thrust member moves past said opening to permit or
prevent passage of fluid through the opening.
(1) Note. In this subclass, there is usually an orifice in
the piston for flow of a portion of fluid and another orifice
in the chamber wall for flow of another portion of fluid.
When the piston covers the wall orifice, fluid flows only
through the piston orifice and is accordingly restricted to a
lesser flow, thus exerting a greater resistance to movement
of the piston.
(2) Note. In several devices of this and the indented
subclasses the chamber wall that has the orifice(s) comprises
a perforated tube (e.g., a piston rod) within a cylinder;
thus the wall referred to is an interior wall.
Subclass:
287
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device provided
with more than one of said openings, wherein said thrust
member moves past said openings in sequence.
(1) Note. In this subclass flow of fluid is gradually
restricted to a greater degree as the piston passes and
closes the orifices successively.
Subclass:
288
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
a thrust member moves within a variable-volume chamber
through a corridor that surrounds the thrust member in a
plane perpendicular to its direction of movement, and wherein
the size of the corridor in that plane changes along the
direction of movement of the thrust member.
(1) Note. In this subclass fluid moved by the piston flows
between the periphery of the piston and the interior wall of
the chamber. The area of interior wall provided for such
fluid flow varies by reason of grooves in, or taper of, the
wall, thus the degree of fluid flow is dependent upon the
position of the piston along the wall.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316 for a shock absorber in which fluid flows between the
periphery of a piston and the interior wall of a chamber.
Subclass:
289
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
a thrust member has an opening therein for passage of fluid
therethrough, which opening is closed to a greater or lesser
degree by an elongated bar, the length dimension of which bar
reaches through said opening and the size of which bar; in
dimension perpendicular to its length dimension, changes
along the length of the bar.
(1) Note. In this subclass fluid moved by the piston flows
through an orifice in the piston, the area of which orifice
varies by reason of taper, or a groove, in the rod that
extends through the orifice; thus the degree of fluid flow is
dependent upon the position of the piston relative to the
rod.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 317+ for a shock absorber in which fluid flows
through an orifice in a piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 8 for metering pins in a
mechanical spring and retarder arrangement and subclass 64.22
for a fluid spring and retarder with a metering pin for
varying the spring rate.
Subclass:
290
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
said moving mechanism turns about an axis in only one
direction of turning and is connected to said first member,
whereby turning of the moving mechanism is restrained by
relative motion between the first member and a fluid medium.
(1) Note. In this and indented subclasses the load member
or mechanism is usually a wheel or axle on a vehicle, but may
be a pulley, drum, shaft or any one-way rotating mechanism,
the rotation of which is to be retarded. The load member
usually causes rotation of vanes or blades within a fluid, or
rotation of said load member is mechanically converted into
reciprocation of a vane or a piston within a cylinder or into
rotation plus oscillation of vanes within a housing for
fluid, but in all such cases, flow of fluid is effected and
such flow is restricted to retard rotation of the load
member.
(2) Note. The definition and note does not bar placement of
a patent disclosing rotation in either or both of two
directions (e.g., clockwise and/or counterclockwise).
However, it should be clear that the action of the brake when
the member rotates in either direction is the same as if the
member were rotating in one direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 58.1 for a
internal resistance motion retarder for a clutch with
unidirectionally rotating load member.
Subclass:
291
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device provided
with a clutch that connects and disconnects said moving
mechanism and said first member.
(1) Note. The "clutch" referred to above is one that by
itself would be found in Class 192, Clutches and Power-Stop
Control, thus needs no further definition. In this subclass,
however, the clutch is used solely to connect a wheel, or
equivalent rotating load whose rotation is to be retarded, to
a device of this class (188), and this subclass (290+), used
to retard such rotation, so that user may control operation
or nonoperation of a retarder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71.2 for disclosure of a disc-brake assemblage connected to
a wheel or rotating load by a clutch mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for a clutch, per se, and subclasses 12+, for a clutch and a
brake that are applied alternatively to drive or to retard a
mechanism.
Subclass:
292
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein
said moving mechanism is connected to a gear-like element
having teeth on the circumference thereof, said first member
is connected to another gear-like element having similar
teeth, and the teeth of both elements mesh with each other,
whereby as one element turns in one direction the other turns
concurrently in an opposite direction.
(1) Note. In many devices of this subclass the elements
described above form a "gear pump" in which fluid is caused
to flow by reason of the teeth acting as vanes to cause such
flow. In other devices the teeth are helicoidal and act as
screws to cause relative motion or flow of the fluid. In
both exemplary instances flow is restricted to retard motion
of the load.
Subclass:
293
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein
a connection between said first member and said mechanism
converts turning of the mechanism about its axis into
reciprocation of the member perpendicular to said axis; said
reciprocation resulting in circulation of fluid medium in
which the member reciprocates.
(1) Note. The reciprocation is usually effected by a crank,
cam or shaft revolving eccentrically of the axis of the
mechanism, to which eccentric a vane or piston is connected.
(2) Note. In this subclass, the brake usually includes a
drum rotated by a wheel, which drum carries vanes extending
radially from the axis and parallel thereto. The drum and
its vanes rotate within a fluid-filled housing having an
inner periphery eccentric to the axis. The revolving vanes,
radially urged against the housing, effect circulation of
fluid.
Subclass:
294
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device provided
with means for changing the extent of reciprocation of said
member.
(1) Note. The change referred to is usually accomplished by
varying the eccentricity described in (1) Note to subclass
293, although other regulating means are also found in this
subclass. For example, in a device wherein piston
reciprocation is caused by rotation of an inclined "wobble
plate", the extent of reciprocation can be changed by
changing the inclination of the plate, or in a device wherein
relative reciprocation of a piston in a cylinder causes fluid
flow, such flow can be changed by changing the position of
the cylinder.
Subclass:
295
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device wherein
said first member is a thrust member moving to-and-fro in a
straight line within a chamber.
(1) Note. The terms "thrust member" and "chamber" are
defined and explained in the definition and Notes of subclass
297.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 297+ for a shock absorber having a piston
reciprocating rectilinearly in a chamber.
Subclass:
296
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein
said mechanism turns a shaft having radially extending blades
connected to and partly enclosed by a concave shroud, which
device has a second concave shroud having radially extending
blades therein but not turning; the shrouds being arranged to
face one another to enclose a body of fluid which is caused
to be moved by the turning blades and retarded by the
nonturning blades.
(1) Note. The brake herein defined is structurally similar
to a device described as a "vortex-flow drive" in (1) Note to
Class 192, subclass 3.21. In both instances fluid circulates
in the shape of a torus (i.e., the solid formed by a circle
revolving about an axis lying in its plane). However, in
Class 192 the device transmits torque from a first, rotating
shaft to a second rotatable shaft, whereas in this subclass
(296), the second shaft does not rotate, thereby retarding
rotation of the first shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 3.21, and see
(1) Note above.
Subclass:
297
Having a thrust member and variable volume chamber (e.g.,
coaxial or telescopic tubes, compensating reservoir):
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Internal
resistance motion retarder wherein said first member is moved
by a mechanism relative to or within a container for fluid
medium; the member together with the container enclosing a
space the size of which changes as the member is moved, thus
causing fluid contained within the space to be moved relative
to both the member and the container.
(1) Note. The term "thrust member" is used to refer to a
first member as defined above that is moved in or through a
fluid contained in a chamber thereby forcing such fluid to be
moved. The thrust member is connected to a load, i.e., a
mechanism whose movement is to be retarded, and is moved by
the load. Examples of a thrust member include; a piston
(connected to a reciprocating piston rod), a blade or vane
(connected to a rotating or oscillating shaft) and a flexible
diaphragm (connected to a reciprocating or oscillating rod).
(2) Note. This and indented subclasses provide for a device
known in the art as "shock absorber", "dashpot", "buffer",
"check", and "cushion", these terms being only examples of
the names used.
(3) Note. In this subclass, the chamber is usually a
cylinder closed at one end and open at the other and the
thrust member is a reciprocating piston having its piston rod
extending through the open end. A vent orifice in either the
piston or chamber wall permits restricted flow of fluid,
usually air, between the chamber and its surroundings.
Subclass:
298
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein
either or both of said member or said container is made, at
least in part, of expansible material.
(1) Note. The term "container" comprehends a chamber (e.g.,
cylinder, casing, etc.), as described in subclass 297, or a
reservoir as described in subclass 314, or both together
forming the enclosure in which fluid is moved by the thrust
member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 64.19, 64.23, 64.27 for a
flexible wall or chamber for a spring device.
Subclass:
299.1
Controlled by an operator (e.g., vehicle driver) remote from
retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266.
Internal-resistance motion retarder provided with means for
regulating movement of said fluid (thereby regulating degree
of resistance exerted by the fluid), which means is located
at a distance from the device and actuated by a person.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are shock absorbers
(e.g., on axle of a vehicle) that are controlled by a driver
who is within the vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 6.15 for a general utility land
vehicle including means, interposed between a vehicle body,
chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for altering
height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame
which may or may not involve regulation of a fluidic
suspension device; or subclasses 124.101+ for a general
utility wheeled land vehicle including resilient, shock
absorbingly mounted running gear having preparatory
elasticity selection means which may or may not involve a
fluidic suspension device.
Subclass:
300
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device provided
with means for preventing movement of said member relative to
said container, said means being normally inoperative but
being made operative by a user of the device.
Subclass:
301
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein
said fluid is gaseous atmosphere, and movement of said member
within said container generates a subnormal atmospheric
pressure in said container.
Subclass:
302
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein
a mechanism is connected to the device by an arm pivoted
thereto so that movement of the mechanism causes movement of
the arm to-and-fro in an arc of a circle, and wherein said
arm is connected to a thrust member so as to cause movement
of said thrust member to-and-fro in a straight line within a
chamber.
Subclass:
303
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Device provided
with two thrust members facing in generally the same
direction and moving to-and-fro within two chambers that lie
in the same plane but not in the same line, wherein said arm
is connected to said thrust members so as to cause movement
of one member toward an end of its chamber and simultaneously
cause movement of the other member away from an end of its
chamber.
(1) Note. Usually the cylinders are hydraulically connected
at their ends so that fluid forced out of one cylinder by
movement of its piston toward its end is caused to flow into
the other cylinder as its piston is moved away from its end.
Subclass:
304
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Device provided
with two thrust members facing oppositely and spaced apart
from each other, wherein a connection from said arm is
positioned in the space between said members.
(1) Note. In most devices of this subclass the pistons
reciprocate within the same cylinder in the same direction so
that when one piston is moving toward one end of the
cylinder, the other piston is moving away from the opposite
end of that cylinder, both pistons being caused to move by an
arcuately oscillating arm or load member.
Subclass:
305
This subclass is indented under subclass 302. Device provided
with means for converting to-and-fro arcuate motion of said
arm about a pivot line into a to-and-fro straight-line motion
of a thrust member lengthwise of said pivot line.
(1) Note. Examples of motion-converting means include
screw-and-nut means inclined cam or wedge means.
Subclass:
306
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein
said member is moved to-and-fro in an arc of a circle within
a container for fluid medium, said member being connected to
a shaft or hub that is pivoted to said device.
Subclass:
307
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Device wherein
said member comprises a yieldable blade or comprises a blade
having a portion biased away from said shaft or hub.
Subclass:
308
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Device wherein
said shaft is provided with an orifice extending generally
diametrically therethrough for passage of fluid that is moved
by said member.
(1) Note. In this subclass the thrust member (e.g., blade,
vane or piston) divides the container (e.g., chamber,
cylinder, etc.), into at least two compartments. As the
member oscillates in one direction, one compartment decreases
in volume and fluid therefrom flows through the orifice into
the other compartment which correspondingly increases in
volume.
Subclass:
309
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device wherein
said shaft is also provided with an element modifying the
size of the orifice, which element is manipulated by a person
using the device to vary the size of the orifice.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 for a manually-adjustable thermostatic valve in a shock
absorber.
282.1 for a manually-adjustable valve in the piston of a
shock absorber.
Subclass:
310
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Device provided
with means for regulating movement of the fluid within said
container, which means is controlled by a person using the
device.
(1) Note. In this subclass the thrust member (e.g., blade,
vane or piston) divides the container (e.g., chamber,
cylinder, etc.), into at least two compartments. Fluid flows
between the compartment through a passage, the size of which
is regulated by the user.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 for a manually-adjustable thermostatic valve in a shock
absorber.
282.1 for a manually-adjustable valve in the piston of a
shock absorber.
Subclass:
312
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein
said container is an elongated cylinder having two
extremities defining the length dimension thereof, and said
member is a piston having two faces each oriented toward one
of said extremities, to each of which faces is connected a
shaft that reaches through a respective extremity, at least
one of said shafts being connected to a load.
Subclass:
313
With valve controlling fluid flow between chambers or
compartments of the chamber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Thrust member
and variable volume chamber wherein a regulator permits
restricted movement of fluid from one section to another
section as the volumes of the sections change.
(1) Note. In this subclass, a solid piston reciprocates
within and fills the area bounded by a cylinder, and a
passage permits restricted flow of liquid from one
compartment of the cylinder to the other compartment. The
passage is usually provided with a valve that is adjustable
to vary the restriction.
Subclass:
314
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Device provided
with an enclosed space additional to said container, which
space is hydraulically connected to only one of said sections
and accommodates liquid forced from said section by said
member, or accommodates liquid stored therein to compensate
for possible loss of liquid from the device.
(1) Note. To be considered as a "reservoir" the space
referred to should not permit passage of liquid from one
compartment to another, but rather should permit passage of
liquid from a particular compartment to the reservoir and
return of liquid from the reservoir to the particular
compartment. Other subclasses (for which, see below) provide
for an external passage hydraulically connecting two
compartments of a cylinder and incidentally serving to store
liquid outside of the cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
313 for a shock absorber having an external passage for
circulation and storage of liquid.
318 for a shock absorber having an orifice in its piston and
also having an external passage for circulation and storage
of liquid.
Subclass:
315
This subclass is indented under subclass 314. Device wherein
said container is a first cylinder and said enclosed space is
a tubular volume bounded in part by said first cylinder and a
second cylinder outside of and concentric with said first
cylinder.
Subclass:
316
Fluid through or around piston within chamber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 313. Reciprocating
piston with fluid flow between chamber compartments wherein
fluid moves from one section to another section via (a) an
opening in said member extending from one face thereof to an
opposite face thereof, or (b) a passageway that exists
because said member does not fill the area bounded by the
container in which the member moves.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices wherein a
piston reciprocates within a cylinder, and the piston is
either of smaller diameter than the cylinder or has
peripheral grooves extending in the direction of
reciprocation, but in either case the difference in dimension
forms the passageway for fluid flow.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
288 for a shock absorber having a passageway varying in area
according to the position of a piston in the passageway.
Subclass:
317
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Device wherein
fluid moves via an opening in said member that extends
between said faces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
282.7 for a shock absorber having a piston provided with a
one-way valve in its orifice.
289 for a shock absorber having a piston provided with an
orifice, through which orifice extends an elongated tapered
metering rod.
Subclass:
318
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Device wherein
said container is further provided with a hydraulic
connection between said sections, said connection being
outside of the container in which the member moves.
(1) Note. The external passage is in addition to an orifice
in the piston, and is usually provided with a valve that is
adjustable to vary the restriction to fluid flow.
Subclass:
319.1
Having an orifice adjustment for both jounce or bound
(compression) and rebound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Reciprocating
piston with fluid flow through an orifice in which the flow
restrictor regulates in one direction (i.e., the compression
stroke) and in the other direction (i.e., expansion stroke).
Subclass:
319.2
Orifice size varied using a hand or hand tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 317. Reciprocating
piston with fluid flow through an orifice in which the
dimension of the opening is regulated by a person: (a)
turning, for example, a knob connected to the flow restrictor
or the chamber cylinder or (b) using a wrench or screwdriver;
both (a) and (b) located outside the container.
(1) Note. An example of subject matter in this subclass
would be two plates, rotatable with respect to each other,
having a hole in each plate. Slightly rotating one plate
with respect to the other would create an opening smaller
than either hole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 for a manually adjustable thermostatic valve in a shock
absorber.
299.1 for a retarder controlled by an operator (e.g.,
vehicle driver) remote from the retarder.
309 and 310, for a manually adjustable valve in a shock
absorber wherein a blade oscillates.
Subclass:
320
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Device wherein
said opening extends in other than a straight line, whereby
liquid flows through the opening in a meandering course.
Subclass:
321.11
Including means connecting thrust member to load:
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. A device
wherein significance is attributed to means for attaching the
first member to the mechanism so that the mechanism causes
the member to move.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 124.125 for a general utility
wheeled land vehicle running gear suspension arrangement
separately supporting a wheel upon an individual stub axle,
especially subclasses 124.145+ or 124.154+ wherein the
suspension arrangement includes a vertically extending
strut.
Subclass:
322.12
Including protective shield for retarder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device which
includes a sleeve, plate, or other covering means for
preventing damage to parts of the retarder caused by rocks,
mud, or other debris external to the device.
Subclass:
322.13
Including valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
significance is attributed to an element or assembly which
regulates fluid flow through an orifice means.
(1) Note. The valve means may have a fixed, preset
location, or it may move in response to fluid pressure acting
upon a surface area of the valve means.
Subclass:
322.14
Foot valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.13. Device
wherein the container includes a cylindrical chamber, and the
flow-regulating element or assembly is located at an end of
the chamber to regulate fluid flow into and out of the
cylinder.
(1) Note. Devices found in this subclass are of the type
described in the (3) Note of patent subclass 297.
Subclass:
322.15
Piston valve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.13. Device
wherein the container includes a cylindrical chamber having a
piston which reciprocates within the chamber, the
flow-regulating element or assembly mounted on or in the
piston to regulate fluid flow through an aperture in the
piston.
Subclass:
322.16
Including seal or guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
significance is attributed to a component which is adapted to
(a) prevent fluid passage either through an aperture in the
container or between related parts of the retarder, or (b)
determine the path of movement of one part relative to
another.
Subclass:
322.17
Between piston rod and cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.16. Device
wherein the container includes a cylindrical chamber having a
piston which reciprocates within the chamber, and the
component is located at, and functions between, the interface
of an opening in an end wall of the chamber and a shaft
projecting from the piston through said opening.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclasses 500+ for a dynamic,
circumferential, contact seal for other than a piston.
Subclass:
322.18
Between piston and cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.16. Device
wherein the container includes a cylindrical chamber, the
first member is a piston which reciprocates within the
chamber, the component located at and functioning between the
interface of the piston and the chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, subclasses 434+ for a piston ring or
piston ring expander or seat therefor.
Subclass:
322.19
Cylinder structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the container includes a cylindrical chamber, and
significance is attributed to a design or construction
feature of the container.
Subclass:
322.2
Having connection for side-mounted valve type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.19. Cylinder
structure in which a particular attachment fixes a regulator
perpendicular to the container axis.
Subclass:
322.21
Having means for filling or recharging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 322.19. Device
including a means associated with the container permitting
access to its interior for introducing dampening media into
the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, subclass 64.28 for means for charging
or discharging a fluid spring device.
Subclass:
322.22
Thrust member structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
significance is attributed to a design or construction
feature of a first member that is moved in or through the
fluid contained by the device.
(1) Note. The thrust member is not limited to a certain
configuration, it may be, for example, either a piston or a
movable diaphragm.
Subclass:
322.50
Using viscosity of fluid medium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Device wherein
the medium is a flowable material, the material has a
characteristic resistance to flow and the resistance to flow
is used to restrain motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 574 for a fluid
vibration dampener for flywheels and rotors.
Subclass:
323
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device
comprising three distinct frictional contacting members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 250+ for brake shoe elements, per se.
Subclass:
324
This subclass is indented under subclass 323. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against a shoe extremity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
329 330, 332, 338, 339, for other rotary cam actuating
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 78, for cam
operated expanding clutch devices.
Subclass:
325
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device
comprising two distinct frictional contacting members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 250+ for brake shoe elements, per se.
Subclass:
326
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by actuator means at the
extremities of each frictional contacting member.
Subclass:
327
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Device wherein
the holding or locating means for frictional contacting
members are contiguous to the nonactuated ends of the
members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 for anchors of more general utility in expanding,
transversely movable brakes.
Subclass:
328
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Devices wherein
the plural holding or locating means use the same projection
for rotational or sliding restraint.
Subclass:
329
This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against the extremities of the shoes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for three shoe rotary cam actuating means and see notes
thereunder for other similar means.
Subclass:
330
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against the extremities of the shoes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for three shoe rotary cam actuating means and see notes
thereunder for other similar means.
Subclass:
331
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Device wherein
contiguous shoe ends are linked without restraint relative to
supporting wheel structure.
Subclass:
332
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against a shoe extremity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for three shoe cam actuating means and see notes
thereunder for other similar means.
Subclass:
333
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
one shoe extremity is held or located relative to supporting
wheel structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 for anchors of more general utility in expanding
transversely movable brakes.
Subclass:
334
This subclass is indented under subclass 325. Device wherein
each shoe is held or located by means applied to an extremity
on one shoe remote from the other shoe extremity having
holding or locating means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 for anchors of more general utility in expanding
transversely movable brakes.
Subclass:
335
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device including
means to confine the movement of a frictional contacting
member to a path transversely of the wheel axis.
(1) Note. A pin and slot arrangement, for example, may
provide a radial guide for a brake shoe, suitable for this
subclass, and still allow lateral shoe movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
340 for devices which restrict the lateral movement of a
brake shoe, though not necessarily limiting the movement to a
radial one.
Subclass:
336
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the frictional contacting member is a single internal
circumferential shoe with closely abutting ends.
Subclass:
337
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Device
including a holding or locating means remote from gapped ends
of the band.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 for anchors of more general utility in expanding
transversely movable brakes.
Subclass:
338
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against the gapped ends of the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for three shoe rotary cam actuating means and see notes
thereunder for other similar means.
Subclass:
339
This subclass is indented under subclass 336. Device wherein
shoe movement is effected by rotation of a contoured element
sliding against the gapped ends of the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for three shoe rotary cam actuating means and see notes
thereunder for similar means.
Subclass:
340
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device including
means to restrict the movement of a frictional contacting
member along the axis of wheel rotation.
(1) Note. A resilient pad bearing against the arcuate edge
of a brake shoe, for example, may restrict lateral shoe
movement and still not confine the shoe to radial movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
335 for devices which in limiting brake shoe to radial
movement may also restrict the lateral movement.
Subclass:
341
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device for
holding or locating a frictional contacting member relative
to the supporting wheel structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 327+ 333 and 337, for more specialized
applications of holding or locating means.
Subclass:
342
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device including
means to further urge brake elements into motion stopping
position, which means are solely responsive to the initial
actuation of the device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses 32+, for
clutches - the action of which is initiated by manipulation,
upon which the engagement is completed without further
actuation.
Subclass:
343
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
the means to urge brake elements into motion stopping
position includes an inclined plane element sliding against
the end of a brake element.
Subclass:
344
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device where
the vehicle is bicycle-like with two or three wheels impelled
by the rider.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24.11 for velocipede brakes.
Subclass:
345
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including two or more units for fluid pressure source, or
pulsators, actuated by the same operating member.
(1) Note. Generally, these units are so isolated that
failure of one will not affect another.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 549 for a power driven master
cylinder means supplying fluid through separate pulsator
circuits to nominal plural brake structure; subclass 561 for
a pulsator system comprising parallel pulsators with a
pressure balancing shuttle therebetween; subclass 562 for
parallel pulsators in which the master of one is driven by
the master of the other by a resilient, fluid or lost motion
connection; and subclasses 579+ for multiple master cylinders
associated with a pulsator device.
Subclass:
346
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device wherein
a reaction force on an applied brake shoe is transmitted to
at least one other shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141 for a vehicle fluid pressure brake controlled by
momentum of the vehicle.
Subclass:
347
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including fluid pressure means responsive to operating
members for initial rapid elimination of "play" at low
"mechanical" advantage followed by actual braking at high
"mechanical" advantage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 516, for control
lever and linkage systems with variable output force.
Subclass:
348
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device wherein
an operating member controls both (1) a source of stored
energy, such as compressed air or vacuum, to initially
eliminate "play" in the brake system as well as then (2)
actuate the actual brake means.
Subclass:
349
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device arranged
to vary the braking action of forward wheels with respect to
that of rearward wheels.
(1) Note. In some instances such variation is during
initial braking only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
204 for equalizer position adjuster means.
347 for hydraulic quick-slack-take-up pulsator means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass
6.01 for braking pressure delivered to a plurality of motors
- usually differently related to the distributing means.
Subclass:
350
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device wherein
one or more steering wheel brake means are rendered
inoperative, or released, responsive to actuation of steering
mechanism.
(1) Note. This is generally considered a safety feature to
avoid skidding.
Subclass:
351
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device wherein
a predetermined amount of fluid is trapped in a brake
cylinder as the brake is released so as to limit and/or
regulate the amount of "play".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79.5 for wear take-up or compensating means on transversely
movable wheel brakes.
196 for slack position adjuster means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 590 for a pulsator of general
utility having a condition responsive device limiting the
return flow from a biased slave.
Subclass:
352
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including means to release air bubbles from the brake system
or means to flush or fill the system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 453 for means for purging,
cleaning or separating undesirables from a motive fluid and
subclass 584 for structure for bleeding, charging,
discharging or adjusting a pulsator volume.
220, Receptacles, subclass 86.1, for container filling
devices, per se.
222, Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for bleeding and
filling means in combination with dispensing means.
Subclass:
353
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including means to trap fluid in the brake system to hold the
brakes applied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
265 for brake lock means, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass 89,
for brake system lock means, per se.
Subclass:
354
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including means for selective application of braking force to
one wheel at a time.
(1) Note. This is often an expedient for steering - as in
the case of an airplane on the ground - or for providing
traction for one of two differentially driven wheels when the
other is slipping in mud or ice.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 for independent wheel brakes for non-rail vehicles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake Systems, subclass
9.61 for separately and simultaneously controlled multiple
motor systems.
Subclass:
355
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
including means for supplying liquid and/or air pressure from
a pump or pump tank.
(1) Note. A simple and direct manual or pedal operated
force is not considered to be a "pump" for this subclass.
(2) Note. Control of the brake is generally by means of
valving.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
348 for power quick-slack-take-up means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, appropriate subclasses for a booster device
combined with a master cylinder.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses
for a booster, per se.
Subclass:
356
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device wherein
the non-manual power source is of the vacuum or
sub-atmospheric pressure type.
Subclass:
357
This subclass is indented under subclass 356. Device
including supplementary hand or pedal operated power means.
(1) Note. Both manual and non-manual power means are
subject to a common control means.
(2) Note. The two means may be applied sequentially or
simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 for multiple operators for vehicle brakes.
359 for liquid and manual power brake means.
Subclass:
358
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device wherein
the nonmanual power source is of the hydraulic type.
Subclass:
359
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Device
including supplementary hand or pedal operated power means.
(1) Note. Both manual and nonmanual power means are subject
to a common control means.
(2) Note. The two means may be applied sequentially or
simultaneously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 for multiple operators for vehicle brakes.
357 for vacuum and manual power brake means.
Subclass:
360
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device
including supplementary hand or pedal operated power means.
(1) Note. This is the locus for combinations of mechanical
and manual power sources applied to brakes.
Subclass:
361
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Device
pertaining to the structure immediately adjacent the wheel
brake or brake shoe.
Subclass:
362
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device wherein
a frictional contacting member shifts radially outward of the
wheel axis to engage a brake drum.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 78+ for expanding transversely movable wheel
brakes.
Subclass:
363
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Device wherein
the fluid pressure operator is located in the space
separating adjacent frictional contacting members.
Subclass:
364
This subclass is indented under subclass 363. Device wherein
the operator is of the type having two driven rods which
separate to actuate brake shoes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
92, Expansible Chamber Devices, subclass 50 for oppositely
movable walls of a common chamber for plural flexible wall
working members and subclass 75 for oppositely movable walls
of a common chamber with relatively movable working members.
Subclass:
365
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device wherein
the fluid pressure operator for a brake element moves normal
to the axis of the wheel to actuate the brake.
Subclass:
366
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device wherein
the fluid pressure operator for a brake element is curved or
of circular configuration.
(1) Note. Generally, the operator is a flexible or
resilient bag-like member.
Subclass:
367
This subclass is indented under subclass 366. Device wherein
the fluid pressure operator moves parallel to the axis of the
wheel to actuate the brake.
Subclass:
368
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device wherein
the fluid pressure operator for a brake element moves
parallel to the axis of the wheel to actuate the brake.
Subclass:
369
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device wherein
the frictional contacting element shifts parallel to the axis
of the wheel to actuate the brake.
(1) Note. Here are operators for brakes of the "disc"
type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 71+ for disc brake details.
Subclass:
370
This subclass is indented under subclass 369. Device wherein
the axially movable brake member is a relatively small
element acting against outer portions of the radial face of
the wheel.
(1) Note. Included here are operators for "caliper"
brakes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 for rim grip disc brakes.
Subclass:
371
PLASTIC DEFORMATION OR BREAKAGE OF RETARDER ELEMENT (E.G.,
IMPACT ABSORBER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including first and second relatively movable members,
wherein the second member includes an element adapted to be
either fractured or deformed beyond its elastic limit, which
element acts to restrain the relative motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 514.12 for fluid or
fluent material dampening of an inertial member in an
acceleration measuring apparatus and subclass 514.14 for
vibration dampening in an inertial-type acceleration
measuring apparatus.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 492 for
plastically deformable steering columns.
280, Land Vehicles, subclass 777 for a steering column or
steering wheel that is collapsible in response to a
collision.
293, Vehicle Fenders, subclass 133 for a one-shot type
(e.g., plastically deformable or breakable) bumpers.
Subclass:
372
And subsequent reverse deformation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein,
after once being deformed, the element is again deformed in a
direction opposite to that of the first deformation.
Subclass:
373
Element twisted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein
the relative motion is converted into torsional loading, and
the element is twistably deformed thereby.
Subclass:
374
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Element
extruded through or around tool: Device wherein the cross
section of the element has a two-dimensional configuration,
and the deformation is a change in that configuration as the
element moves relative to a tool device (e.g., through a die,
about a mandrel).
Subclass:
375
Element severed by cutting tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein
a part of the element is adapted to be progressively sheared
from another part thereof as the element moves relative to a
shearing device.
Subclass:
376
Frangible element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein
the moving member impacts upon the element or a member in
contact with the element and the element is adapted to break
as a result of the impact.
Subclass:
377
Crushable element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein
the element is adapted to be compacted by the energy of
motion of the first member relative to the second member.
Subclass:
378
INERTIA OF DAMPING MASS DISSIPATES MOTION (E.G., VIBRATION
DAMPER):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including first and second relatively movable members,
wherein the second member includes a relatively heavy damping
mass and the motion is restrained by an opposing force
resulting from the inertia of the damping mass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for a vibration dampener for a drum, wheel or disc.
322.5 for fluid, viscous, torsional dampener.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 514.12 for fluid or
fluent material dampening of an inertial member in an
acceleration measuring apparatus and subclass 514.14 for
vibration dampening in an inertial-type acceleration
measuring apparatus.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 574 for vibration
dampening means for flywheels for rotors.
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, subclass 42
for vibration dampening means associated with an overhead
conductor.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 30 for a
clutch vibration dampener, subclasses 70.17+ for vibration
dampening means in the form of resilient torque connections
between a clutch elements and its associated shaft and
subclasses 200+ for resiliently carried clutch elements
carried on a hub wherein the resilient connection dampens
vibrations between the elements.
267, Spring Devices, subclass 140.11 for a spring device
including energy absorbing means.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., impellers), subclass 134
for nonmetallic vibration dampeners for impellers.
464, Rotary Shafts, Gudgeons, Housings, and Flexible
Couplings for Rotary Shafts, subclass 180 for the particular
vibration dampening means for a rotary shaft or flexible
coupling for rotary shafts.
Subclass:
379
Resiliently supported damping mass:
This subclass is indented under subclass 378. Device wherein
the damping mass is carried by an elastically deformable
means.
Subclass:
380
Supported by mechanical spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device wherein
the elastically deformable means is a mechanical element
consisting of solid material, such as a coil spring, leaf
spring, etc.
Subclass:
381
FRICTIONAL VIBRATION DAMPER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein a force tends to vibrate a first member, a second
member contacts the first member, and the vibration is
restrained or dissipated by a resistance to sliding between
the surfaces of the members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for a shock absorber with friction brakes operated upon
the rise or fall or the vehicle body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 514.12 for fluid or
fluent material dampening of an inertial member in an
acceleration measuring apparatus and subclass 514.14 for
vibration dampening in an inertial-type acceleration
measuring apparatus.
267, Spring Devices, subclasses 9+ for a mechanical spring
including a frictional vibration dampener and subclass 140.1
for a spring device including frictional energy absorbing
means.
399, Electrophotography, subclass 210 for damping or braking
a slit exposure scanning carriage.
Subclass:
382
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. A
device not already provided for.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000