U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 134
CLEANING AND LIQUID CONTACT WITH SOLIDS
Class Definition:
(1) This is the generic class for:
(A) Cleaning, i.e., the separation or removal of adherent
dirt, scale, tarnish, impurities or any other foreign or
undesired matter (as distinguished from solid-material
working to obtain desired shapes or new surfaces or removal
of a constituent part of the base material of a solid) from
solid materials or objects whether or not the resultant
separated ingredients are recovered in whole or in part for
subsequent use. This includes the pickling of metal. By
materials or objects are meant any solid material or object,
whether a machine or any other solid in either a naturally
occurring or manufactured state and includes the living
body.
(B) The contacting of solids with liquids for any purpose not
provided for in other classes.
(2) This class has processes and apparatus for the purposes
of section (A) above, not elsewhere provided for, as pointed
out in the appended notes, but not the resultant products.
When the product is claimed, it is classified in the class
appropriate thereto and cross-referenced here for the process
or apparatus disclosed or claimed.
(3) Cleaning may be performed by, or may involve as a part
thereof, contacting solids with liquids. The contacting of
solids with liquids may be for purposes other than cleaning.
Where the contacting of solids with liquids is for some
purpose other than cleaning and some other class provides for
processes or apparatus for such purpose, the patent is in
general placed in such class even though a combination with
cleaning steps is claimed, see the notes below for variations
of this line with particular other classes.
(4) Steps or means for cleaning and/or for liquid contact
with solids are frequently claimed in combination with steps
or means for some additional purpose. Such processes and
apparatus are in general classified in the class appropriate
to the steps or means for the additional purpose. In other
words, this class takes the subcombination for cleaning
and/or liquid contact with solids, with steps or means to
promote, facilitate, or perfect the cleaning or liquid
contact. Most manufacturing classes involve cleaning of, or
contacting the product being manufactured with, liquids.
(5) This class dominates over the compounds and compositions
used for cleaning or liquid contact with solids. Therefore,
where a process or apparatus for this class is claimed and
also a compound or composition used therein, the patent is
classifiable in this class with a cross-reference to the
appropriate compound or composition class. For further
particulars as to this line with particular classes, see
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Compounds and
Compositions, below.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
(1) PAPER, TEXTILES, FIBERS, HIDES, SKINS, FEATHERS, AND
ANIMAL TISSUES
This class (134) does not have processes restricted to either
cleaning or contacting with liquids the materials, paper,
hides, skins, feathers, and animal tissues either, per se, or
combined with other treatments. Class 134 has processes of
cleaning of textiles and fibers not involving fluid
treatment. Processes of mechanical cleaning (nonsolvent,
nonreactive) of textiles and fibers by a gas blast or by
suction is not considered a fluid treatment and has been
placed in Class 134. Class 134 has, however, apparatus for
cleaning and contacting with liquids the above named
materials where not provided for in other classes. For
subject matter excluded from Class 134, see References to
Other classes, below.
(2) COATING AND IMPREGNATING
Some of the classes referenced in References to Other
Classes, below, for this subject matter have processes and
apparatus for coating and impregnating even though combined
with either or both precedent cleaning of the work to be
coated or subsequent cleaning of the coating. This class
(134) has the cleaning subcombination.
(3) COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS
Compounds and compositions and their manufactures (including
purification) are in the classes appropriate to the compound
or composition claimed, made or purified, or in the class
appropriate to the manufacturing apparatus or process
claimed. In general, where both a process for this class
(134) and a compound or composition used in such process are
claimed, classification is in this class (134) with a
cross-reference to the appropriate compound or composition
class.
(4) MATERIAL MIXING, SEPARATING, CLASSIFYING, OR ASSORTING
This class (134) has cleaning and liquid contact combinations
having the above subcombinations but does not take the above
subject matter, per se, even though involving the cleaning of
the apparatus used or involving the contacting of solids with
liquids as part of the mixing, separating, classifying, or
assorting operation. See References to Other Classes below.
(5) INDEX TO PRECEDING NOTES
Other classes having subject matter, per se, within the
definitions of this class, combinations of which such subject
matter is a part, and subcombinations of such subject matter,
considered worthy of special mention are found in References
to Other Classes, below.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
4, Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, which has such
subject matter, per se, and combined with means or steps to
clean the same or to contact the same with liquids for
various purposes, such as cleaning and disinfecting, and see
particularly subclasses 538-660 for shower baths, basins,
tubs and sinks, particularly designed for human use,
subclasses 538 through 660; 637, 638 and 656, having drain
boards and drain racks combined with sinks, or having
features claimed adapting them to be mounted on or in, or to
engage sink structures.
5, Beds, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the residual
locus for patents to a device for clamping, supporting and/or
holding an article (or articles) in position to be operated
on or treated. See notes thereunder for other related loci.
See especially subclass 606 for a surgical table combined
with drainage means.
7, Compound Tools, for combinations of plural tools one of
which may be a cutter, scraper, or other tool useful for
cleaning.
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, see note (1).
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, which is the class for
processes of the following types; bleaching and dyeing
materials of any kind; treating of hides, skins, and other
animal tissues with chemicals or fluids; liquid and
chemically reactive treatments of feathers; and treatment of
textiles and fibers to chemically modify the same and some
additional special treatments with fluids. The mechanical
cleaning of textiles and fibers by a gas blast or by suction
is not considered a fluid treatment and such processes have
been placed in Class 134. The notes to Class 8 should be
consulted for related art. Class 8 takes patents limited to
such subject matter and also patents disclosing only such
subject matter even though the claims are broad. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134.)
12, Boot and Shoe Making, which takes such subject matter
even though combined with Class 134 subject matter. See
particularly subclasses: 18.2 and 148, shoe filling machines
and processes; 41.3 pliabilizing soles, with fluid treatment;
70+ and 104, burnishing machines and tools (closely related
to cleaning); 79.5, waxing and polishing.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, see note (1)
in Lines With Other Classes. Where a process which may use
the apparatus of such class in its practice is also claimed,
the patent is classified in some other class appropriate to
the process, the apparatus being cross-reference to Class 15,
Class 134 taking all such processes as are limited to
cleaning or to liquid contact with solids not otherwise
provided for, even though Class 15 apparatus is required for
its practice. Class 15 takes apparatus in which a brush,
beater, scrapers, shaker, eraser, wiper, shotter, or squeegee
operates directly on the work, even though liquids are
applied to the work at the same or a different station. Where
the apparatus is disclosed for removing materials from the
work by a gas or vapor blast action, or by a suction cleaner
action, Class 15 has such apparatus even though liquids are
applied to the work at a different station, while Class 134
has such apparatus where liquids are applied to the work at
the same station.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for apparatus
there provided for even though for operating on vegetables,
fruits, textiles, etc., and see following note for a more
complete statement relative to Class 15. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134.)
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, for processes and apparatus
for liberating fibers, working fibers, or assembling fibers,
even though involving cleaning or contacting the same with
liquids. (For paper, textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded
from Class 134; also see note (1), Lines With Other Classes,
above)
23, Chemistry: Physical Processes, which is the generic class
for the treatment and manufacture of inorganic chemicals by a
physical process. (for compounds and compositions; also see
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Compounds and
Compositions, above)
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, for processes and apparatus
for finishing cloth, even though involving cleaning or
contacting the cloth with liquids, e.g., subclass 18.5 for
shrinking. (For paper, textiles, fibers, hides, etc.,
excluded from Class 134; also see Lines With Other Classes
and Within This Class, Paper, Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins,
Feathers, and Animal Tissues, above)
27, Undertaking, particularly 21.1 for embalming.
28, Textiles: Manufacturing, for processes and apparatus for
performing textile making operations, even though involving
cleaning or contacting the textile with liquids. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134. also
see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper,
Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues,
above).
29, Metal Working, see particularly subclasses: 76.1+,
filing; 81.01+, scale removers and preventers; 89.5, burning
in, wearing in, and oil burnishing; 90.01+, burnishing.
30, Cutlery, which has cutlery implements that may be used
for cleaning purposes; and cleaning devices attached to and
forming part of a cutlery combination, see particularly
subclass 41 and 124+.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, particularly
280 for feather drying and nonreactive gas or vapor
treatments of feathers, and other appropriate subclasses for
drying, per se, of textiles, fibers, and other materials (see
Class 34 note below for a further statement). (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134.)
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, (see also
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper,
Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues,
above), which is the generic class for drying, per se, and
the generic class for gas or vapor contact with solids. Class
134 takes processes limited to cleaning even though such
processes involve only the contact of gases or vapors with
solids, and also combined cleaning and drying processes,
while Class 34 takes all processes limited to drying, per se,
even though involving liquid contact, and also processes of
gas or vapor contact with solids for purposes other than
cleaning, Class 34 takes apparatus disclosed for applying
gases or vapors only to the work and even though the
apparatus is disclosed for cleaning, while Class 134 takes
apparatus disclosed for contacting solid work with liquids
only, both liquids and gases or vapors, or with fluids
disclosed generically only. Class 34, 90, takes apparatus for
removing liquid from work by contacting the work with solid
material which removes the liquid by absorption, absorption
or adhesion (e.g., blotting devices).
37, Excavating, 199 and 227+ having combined snow excavators
and melters, and for hydraulic excavating or dredging in
subclasses 466 and 307+.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing. (For paper, textiles,
fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also see Lines
With Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper, Textiles,
Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues, above)
44, Fuel and Related Compositions, subclass 640 for
composition for wall deposit prevention and removal. (for
compounds and compositions; also see Lines With Other Classes
and Within This Class, Compounds and Compositions, above).
47, Plant Husbandry, see particularly subclass 27, 48.5, 79+
for plant irrigators.
47, Plant Husbandry, subclass 58.1 or processes of preparing
vegetable seed for planting, including liquid application.
(For paper, textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from
Class 134; also see Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class, Paper, Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and
Animal Tissues, above)
48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,
for an abrasive tool making process, material, or
composition. (for compounds and compositions)
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 37 for a
window frame with a cleaner's hook, subclass 168 for a
building with a protective liquid supply, and subclasses
171.3+ for residual constructions of a window with treating
means for it.
55, Gas Separation, see note (4).
55, Gas Separation, for apparatus for separating materials
from gases, (for material mixing, separating, classifying,
etc., Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class,
Material Mixing, Separating, Classifying, or Assorting,
above)
56, Harvesters, subclass 395 for horse rake clearers;
subclasses 400.08+ for hand rakes with cleaner, and subclass
448 for binder needle cleaners.
57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also
Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper,
Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues,
above)
62, Refrigeration, subclass 64 for processes of cooling
articles by contact with a liquid; and subclasses 373+ for
apparatus for cooling an article by contact with a liquid
having specific defined means for cooling the liquid.
65, Glass Manufacturing, subclass 27 for a glassworking or
treating process combined with the step of repairing or
cleaning of apparatus; subclass 116 for processes of
tempering glass by quenching a liquid bath; and subclass 168
for glassworking or treating apparatus combined with positive
apparatus cleaning means.
66, Textiles: Knitting. (For paper, textiles, fibers, hides,
etc., excluded from Class 134; also see Lines With Other
Classes and Within This Class, Paper, Textiles, Fibers,
Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues, above)
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, which is the generic
class for apparatus for the fluid treatment of textiles and
fibers, and which takes such apparatus disclosed only for
such purpose and disclosed for such purpose even though other
purposes (as dishwashing, etc.) are disclosed. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also
see Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper,
Textiles, Fibers, Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues,
above)
69, Leather Manufactures. (For paper, textiles, fibers,
hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also see Lines With
Other Classes and Within This Class, Paper, Textiles, Fibers,
Hides, Skins, Feathers, and Animal Tissues, above)
69, Leather Manufactures, see note (1).
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 38, 39+ and 46+ for a
plastic-metal shaping apparatus combined with means to
vapor-contact, lubricate or coat the work, and see the notes
thereto.
73, Measuring and Testing, which is the generic class for
processes and apparatus for measuring and testing, and see
the notes to the class definition for other measuring and
testing. Class 73 has measuring and testing involving liquid
contact with the test specimen. Process and apparatus for
cleaning or liquid contact with solids for purposes other
than measuring or testing combined with measuring or testing
are in Class 134, the measuring or testing being in Class 73,
along with measuring or testing devices with a built in
cleaning attachment, see subclass 324 for sight glasses with
cleaner.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, see appropriate subclasses
for machine elements and mechanisms, per se, useful for
operating apparatus of the type classified in Class 134.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, for processes of recovering or
producing metals which include contacting solids with
liquids. Class 75 is the generic class for processes of
separating metal from metal or metal from nonmetal for use of
the metal in a metallurgical process. (for compounds and
compositions; see note (3), Lines With Other Classes, above)
83, Cutting, subclass 168 for means to clean the tool or
work.
84, Music, subclass 64 for cleaning pneumatic piano
actions.
87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; see
notes (1) and (2), Lines With Other Classes, above.)
95, Gas Separation: Processes, for processes of gas
separation in combination with the regeneration of the
separating media by cleaning or liquid contact with the
separating media. (for material mixing, separating,
classifying, etc.)
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation in combination with means to regenerate the
separating media by cleaning or liquid contact with the
separating media, see particularly subclasses 228+ for gas
separation apparatus having means using liquid to clean the
separating apparatus. (for material mixing, separating,
classifying, etc.)
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, which is the generic
class for apparatus for preparing and treating food and
beverages involving more than mere cleaning, apparatus for
merely cleaning fruits, vegetables, etc., being in Class 134
or other classes in accordance with the lines there between.
Class 99 has apparatus for separating, mechanically and such
apparatus combined with cleaning and liquid contact means.
Apparatus for cleaning with liquids or chemicals or liquid
contact, per se, for other purposes in not in Class 99, but
in Class 134 or other appropriate classes, even though for
the purpose of removing naturally occurring parts of the work
(as shells, fuzz, skins, etc.), there being no mechanical
agent for cutting or comminuting the work (as a cutter,
abrader, etc.). However, Class 99, 518 and 600+, provides
for devices in which grain is subjected to an appreciable
abrading or rubbing in cleaning. (For paper, textiles,
fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also see note
(1), Lines With Other Classes, above)
100, Presses, 104 for presses not elsewhere classified,
having drain means for expressed liquid. (for material
mixing, separating, classifying, etc.; see note (4), Lines
With Other Classes, above).
101, Printing, subclasses 423-425, having cleaning
combinations.
104, Railways, 279 for track clearers.
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, for such compositions
and processes of making same. (for compounds and
compositions; see note (3), Lines With Other Classes,
above.)
108, Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, subclass 24 for
a horizontal planar supporting surface member combined with
drainage means.
111, Planting, 6 for devices having earth working implements
and adapted to deliver liquid or gas for contact with the
soil.
114, Ships, subclass 222 for hull cleaning implements.
118, Coating Apparatus, for processes and apparatus for
coating and impregnating even though combined with either or
both precedent cleaning of the work; (see (2) Note, Lines
With Other Classes, above)..
119, Animal Husbandry, particularly 83 for grooming devices
and subclass 158 for anti-vermin dipping and washing.
122, Liquid Heaters and Vaporizers, subclass 361 and 379+
for combinations of water heaters with means to clean same.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 198 ; processes of
cleaning engines or parts thereof are in Class 134 even
though claimed in combination with engine operation, where
only such steps of engine operation are claimed as are
necessary for the cleaning operation claimed, but engines
claimed in combination with an engine cleaning attachment are
in Class 123.
125, Stone Working, Class 134 has the subcombination of
cleaning stone and brick by detergent action.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 16 for stoves with flue
cleaners.
127, Sugar, Starch, and Carbohydrates, see note (3).
127, Sugar, Starch, and Carbohydrates, for processes of, and
apparatus for, leaching purging or contacting liquids with
solids used in connection with making, extracting or
purifying carbohydrates. (for compounds and compositions)
131, Tobacco, particularly subclass 300, 314 and 324 for
tobacco cleaning treatment with fluids and brushing; 184.1+
for smoking devices (pipes, cigar or cigarette holders) with
cleaner; 232 for ash receivers combined with a smoking
devices cleaner and subclasses 243 through 246 for smoking
device cleaners.
132, Toilet, subclass 7 for processes of treating (including
cleaning) human hair upon the body; subclasses 9+ for devices
for treating the hair; subclasses 112+ for combs with an
orifice for applying fluent material; subclass 119 for combs
combined with a teeth cleaner; subclasses 31+ for devices for
curling hair with or without liquid contact; and subclasses
73+ for manicure devices.
137, Fluid Handling, appropriate subclass for fluid handling
apparatus, including tanks, etc., which do not have means for
applying liquids to solids, particularly 237 for fluid
handling apparatus combined with cleaning means, and subclass
357 for apparatus used for washing or applying fluid to
vehicles when no means for containing, conveying, or
supporting or guiding the movement of such vehicles or
objects is claimed, and when the supply line is supported by
part of the building.
139, Textiles: Weaving. (For paper, textiles, fibers, hides,
etc., excluded from Class 134; also see note (1), Lines With
Other Classes, above)
141, Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver
Coacting Means, for processes and apparatus for filling
receivers with fluent material, per se, and combined with
precedent or subsequent cleaning.
148, Metal Treatment, (see also note (3), Lines With OTher
Classes, above). This class (148) is the generic class for
processes of treating metal. Class 134 has only the
subcombination, the cleaning and pickling of metal, per se,
(not involving any other character of metal treatment),
including the use of detersive materials which include an
ingredient (such as oil) which is left behind on the metal
cleaned. Class 148 has various fluid and chemical treatments
of solid metal to change the chemical or physical properties
of the metal, as distinguished from cleaning and pickling
thereof. Class 148, 240 have processes for coating of metal
in which an element of the coating is supplied by the metal
base coated, Class 134, having no processes of this type.
148, Metal Treatment, 22 for compositions for treating solid
metal other than for cleaning and pickling. (for compounds
and compositions)
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
has subject matter pertaining to differential etching
apparatus and etching methods, per se, see subclass 345 and
625+, respectively; for apparatus for moistening the flap of
an envelope and causing the flap to adhere to the body of the
envelope see subclasses 441.5+, and for apparatus having
means for shaping, scarifying or cleaning joining surface
only see subclass 535.
157, Wheelwright Machines, subclass 7 for tire setters
combined with liquid tanks for cooling the tire.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclass 11 for combinations with a cleaner and subclass 44
for combinations with liquid applying means.
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, 1 and 233+ for
processes and apparatus respectively for chemically
liberating fibers from fibrous material (paper pulp
digestion) and for chemically purifying or refining the
liberated fibers. (For paper, textiles, fibers, hides, etc.,
excluded from Class 134.)
164, Metal Founding, 344 and subclasses 401+ for apparatus
for disintegrating a sand mold or core while in molding
association with (a) a flask, or (b) a casting even though
involving Class 134 subject matter, except abrading means
(Class 51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or
Composition) or an agitating screen (Class 209, Classifying,
Separating and Assorting Solids) functioning as the sole
means for disintegration. Also, see Class 164, subclasses
131+ for corresponding methods.
165, Heat Exchange, subclass 95, for a heat exchange device
with a cleaning means.
166, Wells, 311 for well cleaning processes and appropriate
subclasses for well cleaning apparatus.
168, Farriery, 48.1 for hoof cleaning tools.
171, Unearthing Plants or Buried Objects, subclass 12, 13 and
52 for devices for cleaning or stripping material from the
working surfaces of buried object recovery devices. See also
subclass 25 for unearthing devices combined with a brushing
or wiping means for cleaning the undesired adhering material
from the surface of a recovered plant or like object; and see
subclasses 14 and 17 for devices which may be combined with
recovered object cleaning means or may include, as an
inherent part of the unearthing of the objects, a means which
incidentally causes a cleaning of said recovered object.
172, Earth Working, 606 and the subclasses there noted for
an earth working implement with a cleaner.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for a
means to drive or impact a tool or the like, and particularly
197 for such means having a work cleansing modification.
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 8 for those
using fluids and subclass 211 for insulators with dirt or
moisture removing means.
175, Boring or Penetrating The Earth, 207 for means
utilizing fluid to remove cuttings from a hole which is being
formed in the earth.
184, Lubrication, Class 134 has no lubrication, per se. Class
184, subclass 1.5 has cleaning by flushing of automobile
crank, transmission or differential casings combined
lubricating and see the note to Class 184, subclass 1.5 for a
complete statement of the line.
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 62 for
trolley heads with ice clearers or preventers.
196, Mineral Oils: Apparatus, subclass 122 for mineral oil
vaporizers having means to remove carbon.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven for conveyors, per se, and in
494, a conveyor having installed as part of its structure a
means for cleaning a component of the conveyor.
199, Type Casting, subclass 62 for cleaning attachments for
casting mechanism of integral line machines.
201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, for processes for
destructively distilling solid carbonaceous material,
particularly subclass 2 for a process for cleaning a coke
oven and subclass 39, for a process including quenching
char.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, see note (4) for processes and
apparatus for separation of either solids or liquids by this
operation. subclass 241 has processes and apparatus for
cleaning and decarbonizing coke ovens, retorts or stills,
subclasses 227+, has coke quenching, and subclass 170 has
apparatus for vaporizing liquids and condensing the vapors on
solid bodies in the upper part of the still.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, which has apparatus for
recovering a liquid from a solid and/or other liquids by
evaporation and condensation thereof. Class 134 takes claimed
combinations of work handling or supporting means or steps,
with means or steps to apply a liquid to the work, as by
spraying or immersion, where said liquid is distilled or
evaporated, whether or not the resulting vapor is (a)
directly connected with the work or (b) condensed for reuse
to contact the work. Such disclosures have been excluded from
Class 134 if only the liquid distillation subcombination or
the vapor-phase work contact subcombination has been claimed.
For the latter subcombinations, see the line between Classes
34 and Class 202 as stated in the Class definition of Class
202, in Lines With Other Classes, Distillation Apparatus, in
the last sentence of (1) Note (for material mixing,
separating, classifying, etc.)
203, Distillation: Processes, Separatory, which has processes
for distilling a liquid. For the line between this class
(134) and Class 203, see the class definition of Class 203.
Lines With Other Classes, Processes Including Evaporation.
(for material mixing, separating, classifying, etc.; see (4)
Note, Lines With Other Classes, above.)
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate
subclasses for processes which include steps coming within
Class 204 combined with cleaning of any kind or by any means
or apparatus therefor and cleaning processes or apparatus
therefor which include chemical action by electrical or wave
energy. Class 134 has the subcombination of contacting solids
with liquids.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate
subclasses for processes which include steps coming within
Class 204 combined with cleaning of any kind or by any means
or apparatus therefor and cleaning processes or apparatus
therefor which include chemical action by electrical or wave
energy, Class 134 has the subcombination of contacting solids
with liquids; and for products solely disclosed as made by a
Class 204 process except for those listed in the Class 204
definition under Lines With Other Classes and Within This
Class, Exceptions.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, for electrolytic
treatment combined with cleaning of any kind (e.g.,
subclasses 210-219 for liquid treatment of a substrate
followed by electrolytic coating, etc.) or by any means or
apparatus therefor and for electrolytic cleaning (e.g.,
subclasses 705-723 for electrolytic removal of foreign
material from metal or metal alloy and subclasses 766-769 for
electrolytic treatment of other solid material in general,
etc.). Class 134 has the subcombination of contacting solids
with liquids.
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, 14 for mineral
oil products and compositions. (for compounds and
compositions)
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, subclass 48, for
processes of chemically converting hydrocarbons combined with
a step of removing deleterious carbon accumulations formed on
the equipment.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, for
separation of solids in accordance to their size or other
differing physical characteristics, including the use of
liquids to assist in such operations (for example, the liquid
suspension and other liquid treatment subclasses) excepting
processes and corresponding apparatus of cleaning work of
dirt or foreign matter, which is adherent thereto (as
distinguished from being merely mixed therewith as by being
derived from a natural source, e.g., clay gravel beds); and
see particularly 379 for clearers for keeping open passages
in sifters and subclass 487 for cleaners for stratifiers.
Processes and apparatus in which the liquid used to promote
separation of the solids into grades is disclosed and/or
claimed as also treating the solids for purposes in addition
to separation is not provided for in Class 134, but in Class
209 or other appropriate class. (for material mixing,
separating, classifying, etc.; see (4) note, Lines With Other
Classes, above)
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 670 for a process
including rehabilitation of ion exchange or sorption
material, subclasses 791+ for a process of rehabilitation of
a filter medium in situ, and subclasses 106+, 158, 159, 225,
269+, 276, 298, 327, 332, 353, 355, 391+, and 407 for the
combination of filter means and means for cleaning the filter
medium in situ. (for material mixing, separating,
classifying, etc..; see (4) note, Lines With Other Classes,
above)
211, Supports: Racks, appropriate subclasses for racks for
supporting articles and even though the rack has features for
draining, Class 134, having the combination of cleaning
apparatus with a rack for holding articles either during or
after cleaning.
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, for material removal
involving etching to form a desired shape, a new surface or
removal of a constituent part of the base material of a
solid.
220, Receptacles, for receptacles for holding articles or
materials even though having features for draining, there
being no means for cleaning or applying liquids to the work,
particularly 485 for the sectional type, 500+ for the wire
type 600+ for the compartment type, 668+ for bottom
structure, for skeleton frame type, and see subclasses 695+
for scraping attachments.
221, Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for article
dispensers, not otherwise provided for, not claimed in
combination with means or steps for cleaning or contacting
with liquids the articles dispensed.
222, Dispensing, for liquid dispensers, per se, and 148, and
see the notes thereto for dispensers with a cleaning
attachment.
223, Apparel Apparatus, subclass 11 for apparatus for
removing water and size from hat bodies; subclass 23 for hat
cleaning apparatus.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, 19 for apparatus for and subclass
125 for method of bonding and removing excess flux or solder
from a bonded joint; subclasses 201+ and 205+ for bonding
combined with cleaning.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, appropriate
subclasses, especially 302, 398+ and 549 for multiple fluid
sprayers. (for material mixing, separating, classifying,
etc.).
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, (see also
note 4) for such subcombinations, particularly 146 for
mobile or ambulant devices for applying liquids to railroads,
streets, etc., other appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous
fluid supplying devices (e.g., subclasses 208+) for washing
or applying fluids to vehicles or other objects when no means
for containing, conveying, supporting or guiding the movement
of such vehicles or objects is claimed; and subclasses 104+
for nozzle cleaners or flushers. Liquid applicators such as
sprayers supported upon or guided by a track or conduit have
been placed in Class 134 (or Class 118) where liquid
application is limited essentially to the track or conduit
and in Class 239 where an area (such as a street or field) is
sprayed even though this area may incidentally include a
track, conduit or guide.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, 15 and
38+ for processes and apparatus for the purpose of the class
combined with means to contact the work with fluids.
244, Aeronautics, subclass 134, for ice prevention.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, subclass 428 and 444, for
track switches having snow removal and automatic dirt removal
means.
248, Supports, for article supports even though features for
draining are provided.
252, Compositions, which is the generic class for
compositions of matter. See the section LINES WITH OTHER
CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS in the class definition for a
listing of composition classes in the USPCS and its use for
determining placement of generic claims with multiple
disclosed utilities. Class 252 has several classes which are
an integral part of its schedule and which follow the rules
of hierarchical placement for a class. See particularly:
79.1, for etching or brightening compositions; subclass 88.1,
for dust suppressants for bulk materials, or processes of
preparing (e. g., for consolidating dust in coal mines,
controlling soil erosion, etc.); subclass 88.2 for
compositions for coating or impregnating a substrate used for
collecting fine particles by adherence, or processes of
preparing (e. g., for impregnating dusting cloths, dust
filters, etc.); subclasses 175+, for water-softening or
purifying or scale-inhibiting agents; subclass 364, for
solvents.
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, which is the generic
class for such compounds. (for compounds and compositions;
see note (3), Lines With Other Classes, above)
261, Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus, for gas and liquid
contact, per se. Where gas and liquid contact is claimed in
combination with means for holding or handling a solid which
is to be cleaned or contacted by the gas and liquid mixture,
classification is in Class 134 or other class appropriate to
the combination. (for material mixing, separating,
classifying, etc.; see note (4), Lines With Other Classes,
above).
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, for processes within the class definition which
may be combined with a Class 134 step, e.g., subclass 39
which includes the step of cleaning, polishing or
preconditioning apparatus for use, and subclass 233,
providing for subsequent washing of a molded article.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, for apparatus for treating
solid metal with liquids and see the note to Class 266,
subclass 114 for the line.
280, Land Vehicles, 855 for wheel scrapers and cleaners.
291, Track Sanders, subclass 12 for fluid delivery type
blast nozzles with cleaners, subclasses 42+ for sand pipe
cleaners and subclass 48 for sand screens.
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, 50 for
fork-tine or shovel clearers, and also for hand and
hoist-line implements for picking up material, as subclasses
49+ for hand forks and shovels, 61 for spears, 65.5 for
magnets, 67.1 for frames and cages, 68.22+ for hoisting
bucket type, and 86.4+ for grapples.
299, Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, 3
for a process or apparatus for melting or dissolving material
for the recovery of valuable material from an in situ
location in the earth.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, for draining cabinets, and
for cabinets having washing apparatus as a part of the
combination.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, subclass 22 for such devices with fluent
material feed to the discharge, and subclasses 23+ for
combinations with a cleaner.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, 285 for magnets which may be used to
remove or pick up magnetic material from a surface.
362, Illumination, subclass 458 for burner tip cleaners.
366, Agitating, (see note (4), Lines With Other Classes,
above), for mere agitating, as distinguished from agitating
to grind. Note that cleaning by tumbling involving liquid
contact is in Class 134.
366, Agitating, for agitators, per se, and includes the
combination of means for feeding to and discharging from the
agitator. Containers having a chamber and an agitating
element therein to cause mixing and agitation of a mixture of
liquids and solids in the container are in Class 366. Where
there is a carrier mounted in the container to merely convey
solid work therethrough in contact with the liquid in the
container, classification is in Class 134, even though the
carrier causes agitation of the liquid that contacts the
carried solid work, Class 134 also having means for agitating
liquid materials when claimed in combination with a separate
means for holding or handling a solid which is to be cleaned
or contacted by the liquid. Liquid contacting agitators
combined with other devices not provided for as combinations
in Class 366 (see the class definition of that class) e.g.,
means to separate the contact liquid from the treated solid,
are provided for in this class (134) or other appropriate
class according to the lines therebetween. (for material
mixing, separating, classifying, etc.)
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 72 for record
cleaning combined with record use.
384, Bearings, subclass 137 and 384 for bearing with
cleaning means.
399, Electrophotography, 34 for diagnostics of a residual
toner removal system, subclass 245 for self-cleaning with
electrodes a liquid development application member, and
subclasses 343+ for cleaning of an image surface, per se.
(For paper, textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from
Class 134.)
400, Typewriting Machines, subclasses: 191+, inking devices;
695+, erasing device attachments; 701+, cleaning devices.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, appropriate
subclasses, wherein subclasses, 196+ and 261+, are to
implements whose tool is blade-like or pad-like and 268
wherein it is a brush, broom or mop; hence, each of these
loci is likely to include cleaning implements.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply. (for processes
and apparatus for coating and impregnating even though
combined with either or both precedent cleaning of the work)
406, Conveyors: Fluid Current, appropriate subclasses for
hydraulic conveyors.
414, Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses for
handling apparatus and processes in general not claimed in
combination with means or steps for cleaning or contacting
with liquid the work handled; see such subclasses as 146,
147+, and 288+ for a chamber or static receptacle and means
to charge, discharge or move material therewithin; 217 for
moving material between zones of different pressures;
subclasses 222.01+ for charging a load-supporting element
from a source and moving it to a working, treating, or
inspecting station, and subclass 287 for a static receptacle
of a material conditioning type and means to move material
to, within, or from the receptacle.
417, Pumps, for pump structure, including jet pumps.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, for rotary expansible
chamber devices, per se.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, appropriate
subclasses for processes of disinfecting, deodorizing,
preserving, or sterilizing, also for like apparatus not
elsewhere provided for, for such subject matter, per se.
Class 134 takes cleaning even though an agent for
disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing is
used.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, which is the generic
class for chemical apparatus. (for compounds and
compositions)
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for manufacturing
inorganic compounds by chemical reaction and processes for
extracting, leaching or dissolving inorganic compounds and
nonmetallic elements. (for compounds and compositions)
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, for
a medicinal or biocidal composition or a composition for
enhancing the appearance of a living body or for a process of
mere use of such a composition, which may be a liquid. (for
compounds and compositions)
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, 67 for a filament or film extrusion device
discharging directly into a liquid bath or shower means,
subclass 71 for shaping or reshaping means combined with
means advancing a continuous length work through a downstream
liquid bath or shower means, and subclasses 225+ for shaping
or reshaping apparatus for nonmetals combined with apparatus
cleaning means; see the search notes thereunder.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, which is the generic class for processes of
preparing foods involving cleaning or liquid contact with
solids. The mere cleaning of food or edible material i.e.,
the removal of naturally occurring substances on food (e.g.,
dirt, smut, etc.) are provided for in Class 134. (For paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; also
see note (1), Lines With Other Classes, above)
427, Coating Processes, The application of liquids or other
materials to a base to impregnate the same for retention
therein, or for obtaining a surface coating (either type of
which may be permanent or transitory) is not provided for in
this class (134), the above noted classes being the generic
classes for apparatus and processes, respectively, for such
purposes, notes to the definitions thereof referring to
related art. This class (134) provides for cleaning and for
liquid contact with solids for purposes other than coating
and impregnating, with the following exceptions: (a)
Application of a detersive material which forms a solidified
or hardened coating on the solid material and which is to be
subsequently removed whether or not the removal is claimed,
including those which bind the undesired or foreign material
and remove the same from the base when stripped off. (b) The
application of detersive materials for cleaning and pickling
of metal which detersive materials have admixed therewith a
material (such as oil) which may be left behind on the metal
cleaned. (for processes and apparatus for coating and
impregnating even though combined with either or both
precedent cleaning of the work; see note (2), Lines With
Other Classes, above.)
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process Composition, or
Product Thereof, appropriate subclasses for combination of
cleaning and a step(s) provided for in the class.
431, Combustion, 121 for a residual combustion device having
cleaning, purging or scavenging means.
433, Dentistry, 80 for dentists' cleaning apparatus which
include a dispensing outlet; and subclass 216 for teeth
cleaning methods.
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, 262 for
processes of cleaning, liberating or purifying bodies or
materials, which include fermentations. (For paper, textiles,
fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; see notes (1),
Lines With Other Classes, above)
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, subclass
265 for ferment containing compositions and for materials to
be used in fermentation processes. (for compounds and
compositions; see note (3) Lines With Other classes, above)
440, Marine Propulsion, subclass 73 for self-clearing
propellers.
451, Abrading, (see also Note 3, Lines With Other Classes,
above)), for a process or apparatus for abrading or cleaning
or liquid contact with solids involving use of an abradant,
with or without use of a detergent. Search Class 51, 32 for
a process of or subclasses 326+ for apparatus for abrading or
cleaning in which plural workpieces are caused to tumble or
rub against each other, with or without use of an abradant
or, without use of a liquid when no abradant is utilized.
Note that cleaning by tumbling, without an abradant,
involving liquid contact is in Class 134.
452, Butchering, has apparatus and processes for cleaning and
dressing of animals for food, including cleaning and
contacting the same with liquids. (For paper, textiles,
fibers, hides, etc., excluded from Class 134; see note (1),
Lines With Other Classes, above)
454, Ventilation, subclass 83, 93, 121+, and 198 for window
condensation precenters.
460, Crop Threshing or Separating. (for material mixing,
separating, classifying, etc.; see note (4), Lines With Other
Classes, above)
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
subclass 92 for belt and pulley transmission with a cleaning
device for the belt or pulley.
494, Imperforate Bowl: Centrifugal Separators, 27 for a
separator of that class provided with means for furnishing
auxiliary fluid to the material or the apparatus and wherein
the fluid is liquid in nature. (for material mixing,
separating, classifying, etc.)
510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the
Compositions, for detergents, etc., per se, and for the
statement of the line between that subject matter and Class
134.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate
subclasses for synthetic resins or natural rubber or
compositions thereof. (for compounds and compositions)
585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, for hydrocarbon
compounds, processes for their synthesis or purification, and
certain compositions containing a hydrocarbon. (for compounds
and compositions)
604, Surgery, 19 for medicators.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes which include applications of electric, wave, ray
or radiant energy to the work, other than radiant heat energy
broadly recited.
(1) Note. Radiant heat energy broadly recited should not be
placed in this subclass, but the limitation to particular
wave lengths or wave bands should be placed herein.
(2) Note. The use of electric, wave, or radiant energy to
destroy hazardous or toxic waste is found in Class 588,
appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 103 for
processes using wave energy in bleaching.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 245 and
266+ for processes involving applying electrical or radiant
energy to the work.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate
subclasses for processes and apparatus for causing chemical
reactions by electrical or wave energy action.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, especially subclasses
705-723 for electrolytic cleaning of a metal or metal alloy
and subclasses 766-769 for electrolytic treatment of other
solids, in general.
219, Electric Heating, for the miscellaneous processes and
apparatus for application of electrical energy for heating
and welding.
250, Radiant Energy, 428 for methods and apparatus involving
a fluent material container support or transfer device with
or without an irradiating source for the material, subclasses
453.11+ for methods and apparatus for supports for
irradiating objects with or without an irradiating source and
subclasses 492.1+ for methods and apparatus for irradiating
objects or materials generally.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, for furnace
structure and processes which involve applications of
electric energy to work for heating the same.
399, Electrophotography, 34 for diagnostics of a residual
toner removal system, subclass 245 for self-cleaning with
electrodes a liquid development application member, and
subclasses 343+ for cleaning of an image surface, per se.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 22 for process of
using electrical or wave energy for purposes of disinfecting,
deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, 237 for process of treating foods with electrical
or wave energy.
Subclass:
1.1
Plasma cleaning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process which
includes treating the work with a plasma.
(1) Note. Plasma for purposes of this subclass is a gas that
is sufficiently ionized for its properties to depend on the
ionization. It contains approximately equal numbers of
positive ions and electrons so the mixture is electrically
neutral, highly conductive and affected by magnetic fields. A
thermal plasma is produced by temperatures above 20,000
degrees centigrade.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, for etching processes
involving the use of a plasma.
Subclass:
1.2
Semiconductor cleaning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1. Process
wherein the work is a semiconductive precursor, substrate, or
device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, for (a)
combined processes and (b) unit operations not elsewhere
provided for manufacturing a semiconductive substrate or
device.
Subclass:
1.3
Semiconductor cleaning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Process wherein
the work is a semiconductive precursor, substrate, or
device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process, for (a)
combined processes and (b) unit operations not elsewhere
provided for manufacturing a semiconductive substrate or
device.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work has a metallic, siliceous or
calcareous base, and is subjected to a bleaching, oxidizing
or reducing action, usually to remove color, dirt, or
impurities or other foreign matter from the base.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, 101 for processes of
bleaching of other materials.
148, Metal Treatment, 6 for the oxidation of solid metal to
form an adherent coating.
502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or
Process of Making, especially subclass 12 and 20+ for a
process of removing contaminants, foreign or undesired matter
from a catalyst or sorbent.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Processes which
include treating the work with a substance having an acid
reaction.
(1) Note. The use of acidic agents is common to many of the
processes in this class, and for those excluded by the
definition of subclass 2, the appropriate following
subclasses must be investigated, some subclasses being set
forth in the following notes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 for sequential treatments in which an acidic agent is
neutralized or is used to neutralize another agent.
28 for sequentially used fluid agents one of which is
acidic.
41 for acidic agents applied to metallic work.
42 for miscellaneous fluid agents used to remove particular
materials including acid agents to remove materials from
nonmetallic work.
Subclass:
4
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Process in which a coating is applied to the work, which
coating solidifies or hardens thereon, in which the coating
is for cleaning purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, appropriate subclasses for processes within the
class definition for molding or casting of films of
continuous and/or finite length. For casting on a supporting
surface followed by removal therefrom see particularly
subclass 165, 212+ and 239+, particularly subclasses 283, 298
and 299+.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, subclass 224 for apparatus comprising means
casting fluent stock associated with a shaping surface to
form an indefinite length product; see the search notes
thereunder.
427, Coating Processes, coating processes combined with a
cleaning step performed either before or after the coating
operation. Note especially subclass 299 for treating a base
prior to coating and subclass 331 for processes of treating a
coating subsequent to application.
452, Butchering, subclass 72 for processes of removing hair
or feathers from carcasses by use of a solidifiable
composition.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes which include removing material from the work,
which removal comprises melting the material to be removed
while it is on the work.
(1) Note. This subclass does not have the emptying of
receptacles by melting of the contents, for which see the
appropriate other classes as set forth in the notes below. It
does, however, have the removal of solid residues adhering to
the walls of containers, or adhering to other surfaces by
processes including melting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for apparatus with heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
23, Chemistry: Physical Processes, subclass 308 for
processes of separating relative fusible material from other
solid material by melting.
37, Excavating (e.g., 227 and subclass 195), for processes
which include melting to remove material.
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use
Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose
Metal Particulate Mixtures, 401 for metallurgical processes
that include treating multi-component metal-containing scrap
having an integral substrate to separate metal therefrom by
melting wherein at least one metal remains solid during
separation.
100, Presses, 92 for presses, not elsewhere classified,
having in addition means to heat or cool the material
pressed.
126, Stoves and Furnaces, subclass 343.5 for melting
furnaces including means for melting tar and similar
materials in order to cause the same discharge from a
container.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, subclass 773 for a
separating process including preliminary conversion to liquid
state.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, for apparatus for treating
metallic ores, including melting and separating.
299, Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material, 3
for a process or apparatus for recovering valuable material
from the earth which includes melting.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, appropriate
subclasses, especially 285+ for apparatus including a melting
feature.
432, Heating, 1 for a process of generating and applying
heat even through for the purpose of removal of material from
a solid base by melting, where there are no operations
additional to melting.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes, involving treating the work with a mechanically
acting solid agent, either alone or in addition to the
application of fluids, as, for example, use of solid
absorbents, brushing, wiping, scraping, use of a squeegee,
cutting, etc.
(1) Note. Solid Materials in solution, solid materials as
part of a paste-like composition, and solid materials in the
melted state, when used for treatment have been treated as
fluids.
(2) Note. The feeding, causing motion or distorting of the
work, the solid agent performing no other function on the
work, is not in this or the indented subclasses, but in other
appropriate subclasses below, see particularly subclasses 14,
15, 16, 23, and 32+.
(3) Note. Manufacturing processes which remove an integral
portion of the work by cutting, etc., rather than extraneous
or foreign material, are not in this class.
(4) Note. For the distribution of art in treating of paper,
textiles, fibers, hides, skins, feathers, and animal tissues,
see note (1) to the main class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 15, 16, 23, 32, see note (2) above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for apparatus
for brushing, beating, scraping, shaking, wiping, shotting,
or for using a squeegee, with or without the use of liquids.
Class 134 is the generic class for the cleaning and liquid
contact processes performed by the apparatus of Class 15.
29, Metal Working, 76.1 for metal filling processes and
apparatus, subclasses 81.01+ for processes and apparatus for
scale removing operating by scraping, flexing, etc., 90.01+
for processes and apparatus for compacting, condensing,
smoothing, or polishing the surface of either metallic or
nonmetallic articles.
30, Cutlery, for hand manipulable cutting implements capable
of use in cleaning processes. This class has extensive notes
on manufacturing apparatus involving a cutting operation
(including boring, drilling, chiseling, filing, planing,
shaving, etc.).
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 40 for a process of or
apparatus for mechanically cleaning metal work in connection
with plastically shaping the work, e.g., rolling it.
118, Coating Apparatus, 100 and 200+ for coating apparatus
having a solid member for modifying the coating on the work
or applying a coating to the work.
119, Animal Husbandry, 600 for a device for animal
grooming.
125, Stone Working, subclass 26 for cleaning brick and
subclasses 27+ for millstone cleaning by solid work treating
agents. Class 134 has cleaning of these materials by
detergent action.
168, Farriery, 48.1 for hoof cleaners.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, 19 for apparatus for and subclass
125 for method of bonding and removing excess flux or solder
from a bonded joint; subclasses 201+ and 205+ for bonding
combined with cleaning.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, appropriate
subclasses (49, however, being inappropriate), for a
hand-manipulable coating implement including either a
self-contained supply of fluent coating material or means for
attachment to an external source of fluent material;
subclasses 196+ and 261+ being the residual loci's for such
implements having a padlike or blade-like tool, and
subclasses 268+ for such implements wherein the tool is of
the brush, broom or mop type.
427, Coating Processes, 355 for coating combined with
treating the coating by contacting it with a solid treating
member.
433, Dentistry, 80 for dentists' teeth cleaning apparatus
which include a dispensing outlet; and, subclass 216, for
teeth cleaning methods.
451, Abrading, for a process of or apparatus for cleaning
(with or without the use of detergent or other liquid)
involving use of an abradant.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Processes in
which the solid agent that treats the work is in particulate
or comminuted form, such as pieces of sponge balls, absorbent
powders, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 95 for
shotting apparatus, subclasses 3.5, 302 and 320 for the type
of particulate material application there provided.
451, Abrading, particularly 29 for a process of abrading
using a shield, subclasses 32+ for a process of tumbling to
abrade, and subclasses 36+ for a process of abrading using a
fluent abradant.
502, Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or
Process of Making, 400 for a sorbent composition.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Processes which
include treating work (such as bottles, tubes, or other work
having cavities or other interior surfaces) by application of
the solid treating agent to the interior surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 where the solid treating agent is in particulate or
comminuted form.
22.1 for processes of treating interior surfaces of hollow
work not involving the use of a solid work treating agent.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for apparatus
for cleaning hollow articles by means of an air blast and/or
suction, particularly subclass 304, 316+, 395, and 406+ for
apparatus for introducing a brush or wiper into the interior
of hollow articles particularly subclasses 22.1+, 56+, 101,
and for apparatus for cleaning tubular work by the passage
therethrough of a solid or comminuted cleaning
instrumentality carried in a fluid stream, see subclasses
3.5+.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 104 and
437+ for processes and apparatus for treating hollow work.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Processes in
which the work is of bar, strip, strand, sheet or web form
and the work travels longitudinally while being operated upon
by the solid agent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for related processes not involving a solid work treating
agent.
64 and 122, for related apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 151, for
processes involving running fabric, etc., lengths.
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 77,
88, 100, and 101, for apparatus for brushing or wiping
longitudinally traveling work of bar, strip, strand, sheet,
or web form.
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.5 for burnishing of both
metallic and nonmetallic longitudinally traveling work.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, particularly
subclass 306, 359, 414, 419, 444, and 519 for processes and
subclasses 94, 110+, 525, and 611+ for apparatus for treating
longitudinally traveling work of strip, strand, sheet or web
form.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the treating agent used is subjected to a
treatment after use to (1) regenerate the same, (2) purify
the same in any way, (3) recover the same, or (4) separate
the same from contaminants derived from any source (usually
the work treated whether the agent is to be reused or not,
and even though the ingredients separated from the work are
recovered for use). The removal of the work from the treating
agent is not considered as any of such operations.
(1) Note. For combinations not involving the above subject
matter but involving the removal of the agent from, or
neutralizing or destroying the agent while on the work, or
the removal of the work from the agent, and also for
processes involving the admixing of materials to form the
desired agent, see coordinate following subclasses.
(2) Note. Where treatment of the work is not involved in the
process, the process being directed only to the regeneration,
separation, etc., subcombination, the patent is in the class
appropriate to the subcombination, see notes (3) and (4) to
the main class definition of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 for the sequential application of different treating
fluids to work.
36 for the admixing of materials to form the treating
fluids, including where one or more solid materials are
dissolved.
109 for apparatus having treating fluid purifying,
separating, or treating means.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Processes,
where, in addition to the subject matter there stated, the
process includes exposing the work to a gaseous or vapor
treating agent so that the same will condense on or be
absorbed by the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for similar processes not involving regeneration,
purification, recovery or separation of the agent used.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, 145 for treating of
textiles or fibers with gases or vapors to clean or
chemically modify the same.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, for
processes of contacting solids with vapors for purposes other
than cleaning.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, 5 for apparatus for
treating textiles and fibers with gas, steam, or a mist.
202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclass 170, for apparatus
suitable for carrying out this process.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Processes which
include either or both (1) distilling the used agent, or (2)
liquefying vapors arising from a liquid agent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for processes where, in addition to treatment of a used
agent including distillation thereof and/or condensation of
evolved vapors, there is also condensation or absorption of
the vapors on the work. This subclass (11) also has processes
which evolve liquefying evolved vapors which would otherwise
escape and be lost.
31 for processes where the only vapor liquefaction claimed
is that which takes place on the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, appropriate
subclasses for a process of carbonizing solid carbonaceous
material and recovering a liquid product.
203, Distillation: Processes, Separatory, appropriate
subclasses for a process of distilling a liquid.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Processes which
include any one or any combination of: crystallizing,
precipitating, or otherwise removing part or all of
dissolved, undesired solid matter from a used agent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for physical separation of solids not in a dissolved
state that contaminate the used agent.
12 for such separation involving distilling.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
23, Chemistry: Physical Processes, appropriate subclasses,
for the separation of an inorganic chemical from a mixture,
and 295 for miscellaneous processes of crystallizing.
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, appropriate subclasses
for the separation of an organic compound from a mixture, and
subclass 707 for processes of crystallizing organic
compounds.
585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds, subclass 812 for a
crystallization process to recover a hydrocarbon.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes which include applying treating agents to the work
while it is in coiled form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for processes which involve uncoiling work or recoiling
work before and/or after treatment by the agent, the work not
being in coiled form during such treatment.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work is of bar, strip, strand, sheet,
or web form, and the work travels longitudinally while being
acted upon during treatment.
(1) Note. In many of these processes, the work is bent,
looped, or otherwise distorted or deformed during treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 for this subject matter having in addition a solid work
treating agent and see the notes thereto.
14 for a strip or strand work that is in the form of a coil
during treatment, including winding and rewinding where the
coils are subjected to treatment.
16 for miscellaneous processes that include distorting or
deforming the work.
64 and 122, for related apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work undergoing treatment is so
operated upon during the treatment as to have at least a
momentary change in shape (other than by mere removal of
material therefrom or addition of material thereto) to
facilitate or improve the cleaning or liquid contact
operation.
(1) Note. The change of shape may be due to shaking,
mechanical hammering, or vibrating, bending, crushing, or
pressing the work, or by the operations provided for in the
indented subclass, and maybe due to action of feeding or
moving the work.
(2) Note. The various classes for manufacturing of articles
by a plastic shaping operation, as by molding, drawing,
rolling, bending, etc., should be consulted. This class does
not take distorting or deforming for the purpose of
manufacturing, but only for purpose of perfecting the
cleaning or liquid contact operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 and 15, for distortion of bar, strip, strand, sheet, or
web form work.
14 for distortion of coil form work.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Processes which
include distorting the work by temperature change,
centrifugal force, or fluid pressure caused shock or
vibration.
(1) Note. The temperature change may be due to the
temperature of the applied treating fluids, and shock or
vibration is due to suddenly applied fluid pressure or water
hammer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 for heating processes with or without the application of
treating fluids at a temperature different from the work,
when the process is not so carried out as to cause
significant distortion or deformation of the work.
26 for application of diverse, sequential treating fluids to
the work, and in which the difference between sequential
fluids may be temperature where the operation is not so
carried out as to cause significant distortion or deformation
of the work.
32 for processes which include imparting motion to the work
for purposes other than distorting or deforming.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes claiming one or more steps other than or in
addition to (1) the feeding, (2) handling during treatment,
(3) discharging, (4) heating of either the work or the
treating agent, or (5) the use of vacuum, suction, or in
inert atmosphere, and not provided for in preceding
subclasses.
(1) Note. For example, in this subclass are weighing the
work, automatic control of the processes, measuring or
testing combinations, cutting combination, etc.
(2) Note. Processes involving drying by heating or
contacting the work with gases, vapors or liquids, are not
considered combinations and are in appropriate following
subclasses.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work is either (1) contacted by hot
products of combustion, or (2) heated in any way other than
or in addition to contacting the work with heated cleaning or
liquid contact agents.
(1) Note. The use of heated cleaning or liquid contact
agents (other than products of combustion) including heating
such agents while work is immersed therein, are in other
appropriate subclasses of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 where the heating is done by the application of electrical
energy to the work, as by conduction or induction, or by
application to the work of radiant energy of particular wave
lengths or wave bands.
4 for processes including melting of the material to be
removed.
17 for heating or combined heating and cooling designed to
cause significant distortion or deformation of the work.
26 for sequential application to the work of treating agents
of different temperatures.
105 for apparatus combined with heating means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
427, Coating Processes, 223 for coating combined with
contacting the base or the coating with a flame.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Processes in
which carbon is removed from the work.
(1) Note. For example, this subclass includes internal
combustion engine cleaning, in which the engine is operated
to heat the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for oxidative removal of carbon.
39 for miscellaneous carbon removal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, for processes of engine
operation, even though including cleaning, where steps of
engine operation are claimed which are not necessary to the
cleaning process claimed.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work is subjected to a vacuum or to
suction during treatment, or an inert atmosphere is provided
for the work, or any combination between the foregoing
operations are used.
(1) Note. The vacuum or suction may be for the purpose of
removing liquids or other materials from the work.
(2) Note. Steam is a common treating agent, and patents
claiming steam are placed in this subclass only if the
process is limited to the steam providing an inert
atmosphere.
(3) Note. The use of vacuum or suction to feed and/or mix
treating agents, where the work is not subjected to a vacuum
or suction action, is not in this subclass, but in other
appropriate subclasses, see particularly subclass 36.
(4) Note. The use of a vacuum to destroy hazardous or toxic
waste is found in Class 588, appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19 for contacting the work with products of combustion.
36 see note (3) above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 300.1, for air
blast and/or suction cleaning apparatus.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 402, for
processes of drying and processes of contacting solids with
gases or vapors (for purposes other than cleaning), and which
include use of a vacuum, subclass 92, having corresponding
apparatus.
Subclass:
22.1
Hollow work, internal surface treatment:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes which include treating work such as bottles, tubes,
or other work having cavities or other interior surfaces by
application of the treating agent to the interior surfaces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for this subject matter involving in addition, the use of
a solid work treating agent and see the notes thereunder.
14 for treating of work in coil form.
43 53, 54+, 62, 152, and 166+, or other appropriate apparatus
subclasses, for apparatus for treating the interior of hollow
work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
166, Wells, 311, for methods of cleaning wells.
Subclass:
22.11
Pipe, tubing, hose, or conduit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.1. Subject
matter wherein the hollow work being treated has the shape of
a relatively long and thin cylinder.
Subclass:
22.12
With pressurized fluid or fluid manipulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.11. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent is under
superatmospheric pressure and/or there is disclosure of
significant manipulation of the flow of the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 15.05-15.06 for a process
of liquid cleaning.
Subclass:
22.13
With inorganic alkaline material treating agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.11. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent comprises an
nonorganic basic material.
Subclass:
22.14
With organic treating agent (e.g., solvent, surfactant, or
reactant yielding soluble product, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.11. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent is an organic
substance.
(1) Note. The organic substance may be, e.g., a solvent for
the substance to be removed from the work, a surface active
material, or a substance which chemically reacts with the
substance to be removed from the work to form a material
which is soluble in a later treating step, etc.
Subclass:
22.15
With steam utilization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.11. Subject
matter wherein the process includes at some stage the use of
water in its gas or vapor form.
Subclass:
22.16
With inorganic salt treating agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.1. Subject
matter wherein the treating agent includes an inorganic
salt.
Subclass:
22.17
With inorganic alkaline material treating agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.1. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent comprises an
inorganic alkaline material.
Subclass:
22.18
With pressurized fluid or fluid manipulation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.1. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent is under
superatmospheric pressure and/or there is a disclosure of
significant manipulation of the flow of the fluid.
Subclass:
22.19
With organic treating agent (e.g., solvent, surfactant, or
reactant yielding, soluble product, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 22.1. Subject
matter wherein the fluid treating agent is an organic
substance.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Processes in
which either (1) the hollow work moves during treatment, or
(2) the hollow work has relatively movable parts at least of
which moves during treatment (e.g., engines where the piston
moves during treatment).
(1) Note. Motion of plural work pieces sequentially to the
work treating station where it is stationary during work
treatment is included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20 for internal combustion engines operative as such with
resultant heating, and with application of treating agents
during or after engine operation.
32 for similar subject matter for the other than hollow work
having steps for treating an interior surface.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Processes
having either (1) the nozzle which applies the agent movable
to properly distribute the agent, or (2) involving the
plugging or sealing of passages or openings in the hollow
article.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
172 and notes thereto for apparatus having movable nozzles.
Subclass:
25.1
Work handled in bulk or groups:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the work is treated in bulk or in groups,
as distinguished from the handling and treatment of single
articles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 675, for a process of
rehabilitation of ion exchange or sorption material by
transfer of granules to another chamber or zone when combined
with a liquid treatment step.
Subclass:
25.2
Kitchen or tableware:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Processes in
which the work treated comprises dishes, utensils, culinary
articles, etc.
Subclass:
25.3
Food:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Processes in
which the work treated comprises fruits, vegetables, eggs,
etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for cleaning of food material including using solid
work-treating agents, e.g., brushes.
Subclass:
25.4
Manufactured articles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Processes in
which the work treated comprises manufactured articles.
(1) Note. Articles included herein are intended to be used
individually although they are cleaned or contacted by liquid
in bulk form.
Subclass:
25.5
Work stationary or moved countercurrently:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Processes in
which the work remains relatively stationary during contact
or is moved countercurrently to the fluid stream.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which two or more treating agents are
sequentially applied to the work.
(1) Note. One of the agents may be for the purpose of drying
work.
(2) Note. Neither the application of mixed treating fluids
to the work, nor the simultaneous application of plural
treating fluids to the work is in this or the indented
subclasses, see particularly subclass 36.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 where a solidified or hardened coating is formed on the
work for subsequent removal.
6 where a treating agent is in solid form, when it contacts
the work, even though subsequently dissolved.
10 for the regeneration, purification, recovery or
separation of treating agents when not on the work.
19 where products of combustion contact the work.
36 see also note (2), for plural separately fed and
simultaneously applied treating agents and processes which
involve premixing of plural treating agents.
61 84+, and 94+, for apparatus for applying different fluids
sequentially.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Processes in
which a subsequently applied agent operates to chemically
neutralize a previously applied agent, e.g., where an
alkaline agent operates to neutralize a previously applied
acidic agent.
(1) Note. Even though the actual application of the first
agent is not claimed, where the subsequently applied agent is
claimed as neutralizing or being neutralized by such a
previously applied agent, the patent is here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for sequential treatments, at least one being a treatment
by an acid agent, but having no neutralizing treatment.
29 for sequential treatments, at least one being a treatment
by an alkaline agent, but having no neutralizing treatment.
41 for treatments of metal bases with acid agent, not
involving the use of a sequentially applied treating agent.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Processes which
include treating the work with either an acid or an acid
salt.
(1) Note. Included are those having an alkaline reaction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 for such treatments followed by a neutralizing treatment,
or for the use of such treatment to neutralize a material
already applied.
41 for acid treatments of metal base work, per se.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Processes which
include treating the work with a fatty acid soap, rosin soap,
soap of unspecified constitution, or a substance which has an
alkaline reaction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 for processes in which an alkaline agent is neutralized
by another agent or is used to neutralize another agent.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Processes which
include treating the work with steam or gas, or heating or
cooling the work or treating it at specified temperatures or
with an agent which has a specified temperature or with
plural agents at different temperatures.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 28, and 29, for the subject matter of this subclass (30)
utilizing the particular agents specified in such
subclasses.
37 for use of gas or vapor blasts alone.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which a gas or a vapor is caused to be condensed
upon or absorbed on the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for such subject matter combined with regeneration,
purification, recovery, or separation of the treating agent
other than when on the work, and see the notes thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
202, Distillation: Apparatus, subclass 170 for apparatus
suitable for carrying out this process.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which (1) the work moves during treatment, or
(2) the work has relatively movable parts at least one of
which moves during treatment. The motion may be caused by
fluid contact.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 and 15, where work of bar, strip, strand, sheet, or web
form moves longitudinally.
14 for work in coil form movable during treatment.
16 for miscellaneous processes in which motion of the work
causes it to be distorted or deformed, as by shock or
vibration.
23 for hollow work that has an interior surface treated and
is movable during treatment.
25.1 for work handled in bulk or in groups, accompanied by
motion during treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, 32 for a process of abrading in which plural
workpieces are caused to tumble against each other to promote
cleaning thereof.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Processes in
which the work is subjected to centrifugal force and/or the
work is rotated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 where work in coiled form is rotated during treatment.
17 where work is subjected to centrifugal force which is so
applied as to distort or deform the work.
23 for rotary hollow work that has an interior surface
treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 58
and 312+, for processes and apparatus involving use of
centrifugal force.
427, Coating Processes, 240 for processes of coating by
using centrifugal force.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which the treating fluid has motion during the
work treatment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for processes of introducing agents into the interior of
hollow work, subclass 24 having those using movable fluid
applying nozzles.
31 where the treating agent is a gas or vapor that is
absorbed or condensed on the work.
32 where the work is also movable during treatment.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Processes in
which the treating fluid motion is caused by heating.
(1) Note. The motion may be caused by vapors generated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for use of steam or other gases.
36 for use of steam to feed and admix with other treating
materials.
106 for apparatus for producing liquid flow by heating.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, 191, for textile
apparatus in which thermal means causes liquid flow.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Processes which
include treating the work with a plurality of fluids fed from
separate sources. The plurality of fluids may be of diverse
or similar types, as substances in both liquid and vapor
phases (such as liquid water and steam) two or more liquids
from different sources, or a liquid and air or other gas,
either simultaneously applied or admixed prior to
application.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 and 31, for processes in which the work is treated
simultaneously with a vapor and a liquid, the liquid being
the vapor condensate which condenses on the work.
26 for processes involving sequential application of
fluids.
31 see preceding reference to subclass 11.
50 and 94+, for apparatus for applying plural fluids
together or separately.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Processes which
include treating the work with a gaseous or vaporous blast or
a gaseous or vaporous current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for sequentially applied fluid agents, one being a gas or
vapor current or blast.
36 for gas or vapor currents or blasts used to admix with
other treating agents.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, the
subclasses starting with subclass 283 for processes of
treating solids with gases or vapors for drying or for
purposes other than cleaning.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which paints, varnishes, lacquers, or enamels
are removed from the work.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which carbon is removed from the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for oxidizing of carbon to remove the same from metallic,
calcareous or silicious base work.
20 where the work is also heated by modes other than the
fluids applied or is, contacted by combustion products (e.g.,
by operating an internal combustion engine with resultant
heating).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
201, Distillation: Processes, Thermolytic, subclass 2 for a
thermolytic distillation process including the step of
cleaning the apparatus or removing adherent char.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes in which oils, waxes, tars, or greases are removed
from the work by solvent, action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 and 31, for solvent removal of such materials which
operate by solvent vapor condensation on the work.
39 for carbon removal, carbon deposits frequently having
oils or greases admixed therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 15.05-15.06 for a process
of liquid cleaning.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Processes which include treating metallic base work with
acids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 for acid treatments of metal base work which treatment
includes oxidation, reduction, or bleaching.
27 for acid treatments when the acid is neutralized or is
used to neutralize another agent.
28 for acid treatments preceded or followed by another
treatment.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Miscellaneous processes not provided for in preceding
subclasses.
(1) Note. In this subclass are collected as originals or as
cross references, disclosures of the particular contaminants
removed from the work, and/or the particular chemicals or
fluids, used, except for the characters of subject matter
provided for in the below noted subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20 for carbon removal where the process includes heating or
contact with combustion products.
38 for removal of paints, varnishes, lacquers, or enamels.
39 for miscellaneous carbon removal.
40 for oil, grease, tar, or wax removal by dissolving.
41 for acid treating metal base work.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which there is a station having both (1) means
movable relative to the work (a finder) so as to enter an
aperture or passage in the work, and (2) means to support the
work so as to move (orient) the work by hand or power at the
station until a passage or aperture out of line with the
finder is moved to a position in line therewith and the
finder does so enter (i.e., move the work at the station from
a position where the aperture or passage is improperly
positioned to a position where the aperture or passage is in
a position in which the finder enters the same).
(1) Note. For example, barrels which are rotated at the
station until the finder enters the bunghole are here.
(2) Note. The finder may be a fluid delivery conduit or a
separate element.
(3) Note. Guide means in line with a fluid delivery means so
as to guide the work thereto, so that the fluid delivery
means enters an aperture or passage, there being no means to
orient the work relative to the guide, are not in this or the
indented subclasses, but appropriate following subclasses, as
are conveyors which convey the work to fluid applying means
but having no means to orient the work relative to the
conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 and 22.1+, for processes of treating hollow work.
53 54+, 62, 152, and 166+, or other appropriate following
subclasses for other apparatus for treating hollow work not
having the features provided for in subclass 43.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power Driven, 383, for a conveyor having a
significantly-shaped portion that cooperates with a
significantly-shaped load to orient the latter.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which some element or control of the apparatus
is operated or controlled by engagement with the work or by a
holder for the work that is separate from the apparatus.
(1) Note. Apparatus having interconnected or interengaging
parts so that motion of one part causes motion of another, is
not in this and the indented subclasses, but is in
appropriate following subclasses.
(2) Note. In this subclass, for example, are devices in
which relative motion between the work and fluid applying
means causes sliding or rectilinear motion of the member
immediately moved to operate or control a fluid controlling
valve.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for other forms of automatic controls.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, 668, for coating apparatus having
means to control the application of coating material by the
work presence or absence.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 156 for receptacle
operated valves.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which the work is a vehicle of any kind (as automobile,
locomotive, etc.) or in which the work is a wheel for any
purpose.
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass are
arrangements by which the vehicle engine drives the cleaning
or liquid contact apparatus either directly or through the
medium of the vehicle wheels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
123 for other vehicle or wheel form work, the apparatus not
having work or separate work holder operated devices.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which the device operated or controlled is other than a fluid
controlling valve, e.g., power stop controls, trips, work
counters, switches, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, 116.5 for stop
mechanism, particularly subclasses 125+ for material
control.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Apparatus in
which the device operated or controlled is a pump.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, appropriate subclasses for pumps, per se.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices for rotary expansible
chamber devices, per se.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which there is either an endless belt type or rotary type
work carrier or conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 70+ and 124+, for other endless belt type work carrier
combinations.
78 and 157+, for other rotary work carrier or conveyor
combinations.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus
having means for conveying the work, or separate work
holders, by movable carriers or by guides through the
apparatus without return movement to the point of entry over
the same path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 for endless belt and rotary type carriers.
82 and 165, for other combinations with guide rails.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus
having two or more means to supply two or more different
fluids.
(1) Note. The different fluids may be mixed prior to
application to the work or may be separately applied to the
work either sequentially or simultaneously.
(2) Note. Where there is but a single fluid supply claimed,
even though disclosed or claimed as having a fluid mixture,
the patent is not in this subclass unless plural means for
supplying the fluids separately for admixture are claimed.
(3) Note. Means for applying plural streams of the same
fluid to the work are in other appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94.1 for other apparatus not having the work or separate
work holder operated devices.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which the organization is such that fluids impinging against
either the work or the work holder cause the same to move.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for such apparatus not having work or separate work
holder operated devices.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which the member immediately engaged by relative motion
between it and the work or separate work holder and moved
thereby has rotary, swinging, rocking or pivotal motion.
(1) Note. The valve may be directly or indirectly operated
or controlled by such movable member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 and other appropriate indented subclasses for apparatus
in which the element immediately moved has sliding or
rectilinear motion.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Apparatus, in
which fluids are applied to work having hollows or passages,
both internally and externally.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 and see the notes thereto for other apparatus for hollow
work.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Apparatus in
which fluids are applied to work having hollows or passages,
both internally and externally.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 and see the notes thereto for other apparatus for hollow
work.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Apparatus in
which there are means for applying a jet of fluid to the
exterior of work.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus claiming some character of automatic control.
(1) Note. By automatic control is meant the provision of
means to sense a condition (for example, means to sense a
temperature, pressure, rate of motion, viscosity, specific
gravity, etc.) which automatic sensing means operates or
controls some device that in turn performs some character of
control function.
(2) Note. The above definition is intended to exclude
valves, closures, and nozzles directly operated by fluid
pressure (e.g., check valves, safety valves).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for finders and orienters for passages and apertures in
work.
44 for controls operated by the work or by a separate work
holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 524 for
automatic controls of such apparatus.
118, Coating Apparatus, 663 for coating apparatus having
automatic controls.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in
which the automatic control system involves the use of
electrical energy in performing a control function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for electric controls not having automatic features.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having electrical control means.
(1) Note. Electric motor operated apparatus is included in
this subclass only when some electrical control means other
than the motor itself is claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for automatic electric controls.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, 663 for coating apparatus having
electrical controls.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means for assembling the several separated
parts of the work, or having means for operating on the work
to separate the several separable parts thereof or a
combination of these two means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 and 32+, for processes involving work having parts
movable during treatment.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus which include means for conveying or allowing flow
of work-treating or other fluid from one work-treating
station to another work-treating station, either in or out of
contact with work-treating fluid at one or both stations,
other than fluid carried by the work, and other than direct
fall of work-treating spray at one work-treating station into
a work immersion vat at another work-treating station.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 and other appropriate subclasses for work draining which
is not considered to be treating.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having two or more distinct work treating
receptacles, treating stations, or fluid applying devices,
and having, in addition, means that carries, conveys, or
transfers the work from one such receptacle or station to
another, or transfers the receptacles or fluid applying
devices from one location to another so as to afford
sequential treatment of the work with different fluids.
(1) Note. The term "treating" excludes mere draining of
liquids from the work, while on the carrier, conveyor, or
transfer means, for which see appropriate following
subclasses.
(2) Note. One work treating station may be for purposes
other than liquid treating.
(3) Note. The application of the same fluid to plural parts
of the same work piece or to plural work pieces where there
is either a single fluid applying means or plural fluid
applying means grouped to form a single station has not been
placed in this or the indented subclasses. There should be
two or more separate station for performing either the same
or different functions upon the work, and where plural
stations each apply fluids, there must be at least two
different fluid sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 for related processes.
84 for other plural work treating receptacles or treating
stations having no means operated as part of the apparatus
for transferring the work from one to another, i.e., those in
which the work is manually transferred.
137 and see the notes thereto for apparatus having means to
movably mount, convey, or transfer the work where there is
but a single work treating receptacle or treating station,
even though the work is moved to a liquid draining position.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which, at the entrance or work feeding part of the machine,
there is a station having means (1) to initially empty work
(in the form of receptacles or work having hollows or
passages therein), or (2) to invert, or (3) to orient, or (4)
to puncture the work; which station has no means for applying
fluid to the work, and which station is considered to be one
of the work treating stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for orienters combined with a finder for an aperture in
the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 344, 345, and 373+ for
a conveyor having means for orienting the conveyed load
relative to the conveyor, and subclasses 402+ for a conveyor
having means to invert the conveyed load.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which means are provided for treating the work in some manner
other than by fluids, by draining the work, or by heating the
work (e.g., grading, classifying, sifting, weighing,
wringing, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for finders of apertures in the work.
59 for work assembling or disassembling means.
62 for means for emptying, inverting, or orienting the work
prior to fluid treatment.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
having means to treat work in the form of a strip, bar (e.g.,
log), strand, or web traveling longitudinally of itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 and 15, for related processes.
122 for other apparatus for treating sheet, web, strand or
bar form work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material or Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which at least one work conveyor is of the screw conveyor
type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 for corresponding single station apparatus and see the
notes thereto for related art.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which there are at least two movable work carriers or
conveyors (i.e., movable to convey the work or work
holder-not merely movable for adjustability of detachability
of same) and means are provided to transfer the work from one
to another in its travel through the machine from one work
treating receptacle or station to another.
(1) Note. The plural movable work carriers may have separate
or common drive means or may be rigidly connected (as by
mounting on a common drive shaft) if there are provided means
for transferring the work from one to another.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
414, Material or Article Handling, subclasses 564-571 for
types of combined carriers.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Apparatus in
which at least one of the work carriers is of the endless
belt conveyor type.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Apparatus in
which at least one fluid applying station has one or more of
the following types of fluid applying means (1) a splasher,
(2) a sprayer, or (3) means to jet the fluid against the
work.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Apparatus in
which there are at least two carriers rotary about the same
axis, with means to transfer the work from one to the other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, 328 for plural tumbling drums for cleaning or
abrading with means to transfer work from one drum to
another.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which the means to transfer, carry, or convey the work from
one work treating receptacle or station to another is of the
endless belt type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 for endless belt type with work operated valve.
67 for plural conveyors (one endless) with work transfer
means.
124 for single station apparatus with endless belt
conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
endless belt type conveyor structures in general.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Apparatus, in
which the carrier belt guides (whether stationary or rotary)
have a horizontal axis.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Apparatus in
which at least one fluid applying station has one or more of
the following types of fluid applying means, (1) a splasher,
(2) a sprayer, or (3) means to jet the fluid against the
work.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Apparatus in
which at least one fluid applying station applies liquids by
immersing the work therein.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus
having means, in addition to the movable work support, for
causing fluid motion at the immersing station (e.g.,
splashers, pumps, or agitators).
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 71. Apparatus in
which the same endless belt type work carrier is sequentially
immersed in liquids in at least two different liquid holding
receptacles, to thus immerse the work therein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for plural carriers, at least one being of the endless
belt type, with work transfer means.
71 for endless carriers that carry the work to two or more
immersing tanks but in which the endless conveyor element is
not immersed.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which a movable work carrier is moved from one treating
receptacle or station to another by means of the traversing
hoist-type, i.e., means which elevates the carrier,
translates the same to the next station, and lowers the same
again if necessary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70 through 74, for traversing hoist type devices in which
endless belts are provided for the traversing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
212, Traversing Hoists.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Apparatus in
which the traversing means is adapted to move the work in a
curved on nonrectilinear path (e.g., swingable on a vertical
axis).
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which the means to transfer, carry, or convey the work from
one work treating receptacle or station to another is mounted
for rotary or swinging motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 69 and 77, for other rotary or swinging carriers for
sequential work treating station type apparatus.
134 for rotary or swinging work feeding and/or discharging
means.
137 for single station type apparatus with rotary or
swinging types of work holders or carriers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses,
particularly subclass 441, 450, 480+, 608, 611+, 803, and
others, for rotary conveyors in general.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Apparatus in
which the transfer means rotates about an axis passing
through the approximate center thereof, the work holding
means being distributed about the axis of rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 for the screw conveyor type.
142 for Ferris-wheel type single station apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, 328 for tumbling drum-type apparatus for
cleaning or abrading.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Apparatus in
which the axially rotary transfer means is of the turntable
type, i.e., pivoted to rotate about a substantially vertical
axis.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Apparatus in
which valve mechanism for controlling fluids is operated
synchronously or in coordination with the turntable, as by
having a common drive, or being connected to or engaged by
some turntable part.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for work operated valves.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
having guide rails or rods engageable by the work or separate
work holder or carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 125 and 165, for guide rails in other combinations.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Apparatus in
which the guide rails or rods are vertical, inclined, curved,
or movable or are provided with rollers or adapted for
immersion of work in a liquid.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having any one or any combination of the following
features: (1) two or more fluid holding receptacles or
chambers, each of which is for the fluid treating of work and
in which the plural chambers may be formed by partitions in a
larger chamber; (2) two or more fluid treating stations with
means to selectively deliver fluids to one at a time, or to
less than all at a time; (3) a liquid applying receptacle or
station and a second receptacle or station for drying,
draining, or the application of vapors or gases, and under
(1) to (3) the work itself being manually transferred from
one station to another, as distinguished from moving a work
holder from one place to another.
(1) Note. Single or plural means to apply fluids to a
plurality of parts of the same work or to a plurality of work
pieces, where such fluid applying means are grouped together
to form a single station (with or without plural separately
movable work supports) will not cause classification in this
or the indented subclasses, but are in appropriate following
subclasses. There must be, in addition, one or more of the
features above set forth.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61 for plural work treating receptacles or stations having,
in addition, means to transfer the work from one to another.
135 for combinations involving a liquid holding tank, a work
holder used therein, the work holder being movable to a
position other than the position it has during liquid contact
operations, with means for holding the same in such
position.
137 for apparatus having a single work station and means to
movably mount the work or work support, even though the
device is organized to move the work away from the liquid
applying means to permit the same to drain, there being no
station distinct from the liquid applying station having
features specialized to care for the drainage.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus in
which at least one station has a movably mounted work holder
or work receptacle connected for motion relative thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
92 for workholders or compartments detachably associated
with other parts of the combination, but not connected
thereto for relative motion.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 85. Apparatus in
which the movably mounted workholder or receptacle is
designed for motion during fluid application to cause or
assist in application of fluids to the work.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Apparatus in
which there are two or more workholders or supports which are
supported so that the weight of one and work therein would be
partly or wholly counterbalanced or counterpoised by the
weight of at least one of the others and work therein. This
includes, for example, the two types (1) in which two
workholders are supported on a walking beam at opposite sides
of the supporting pivot of the beam so that one workholder
moves up when the other moves down, and (2) two workholders
which are supported by and on opposite sides of a movable
column, but in which the two workholders are not necessarily
arranged to move one upwardly when the other moves
downwardly, but both may move up simultaneously or down
similarly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for traversing hoist type devices for transferring work
from one station to another.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus
having either, or both, (1) means to supply fluids to one or
more of the work treating receptacles or stations, or (2)
movable means to apply fluids to the work at one or more of
the stations, e.g., pumps or splashers.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 where the workholder or fluid holding receptacle moves
during fluid application.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Apparatus
having means (such as a pump, splasher, or agitator) to cause
fluid motion, to either supply fluids to a fluid holding
receptacle or to apply fluids to the work.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 88. Apparatus
having either a heater or a heat exchanger associated
therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for other heater combinations.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus
having a drain for draining liquids from one or more of the
stations, which drain is valve controlled.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Apparatus in
which (1) one work station or compartment is detachably
associated with another, or (2) there is a workholder
detachably associated with at least one work station so that
it may be removed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
85 where one workholder or receptacle is interconnected for
motion with another, as distinguished from being merely
detachable or has means for moving the same during fluid
application.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means to supply to the treating fluids a
solid agent to be dissolved therein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94.1 for means for feeding liquid detergents.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 3.5 for
patents disclosing and claiming systems in which a mechanical
cleaning is effected by a solid agent carried through tubular
work in a fluid stream provided for this purpose.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclass 17 for such
machines combined with soap supplying means.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 268 for fluid distribution
systems including a holder for a solid material to be
dissolved or entrained.
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass .5 for
receptacles containing detergents which are infusible
directly from or through the receptacle walls.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, 310 and 336
for spraying apparatus having means to mix, dissolve or
entrain a material (which may be a solid) in a flowing liquid
stream prior to discharge through a nozzle member; also
subclasses 303+, 340+ and 398+ for other spray devices in
which the entrained or dissolved material is usually another
fluid.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 261 for extracting,
leaching, or dissolving apparatus.
Subclass:
94.1
With plural means for supplying or applying different fluids
at the same workstation:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having one work treating station which includes
either plural means for treating a work product with
different fluids at the workstation.
(1) Note. The difference between the fluids may be merely
temperature.
(2) Note. The different fluids may be fed to a common
conduit or other mixing means prior to application to the
work; or the different fluids may be fed at different times
through the same or different conduits to the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 and 36, for related processes.
50 for corresponding apparatus having an operating or
controlling device engaged and moved by the work or a
separate workholder.
57 and 58, for the subject matter of this and indented
subclasses 95-98, wherein the ordering or coordinating means
is an electrical timer or programming circuit means.
Subclass:
95.1
Means for sequentially applying different fluids:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
which includes means for successively applying two or more
different fluids to the work.
Subclass:
95.2
With drying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95.1. Apparatus
combined with means for drying the work.
Subclass:
95.3
Fluid spraying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 95.1. Apparatus
comprising means for applying one or more of the fluids to
the work in the from of a spray.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating apparatus, 300 for coating apparatus in which
the coating material is flung, projected or sprayed onto the
work.
Subclass:
96.1
With nonimpelling plural way liquid outlet (e.g., two way
valve) or nonimpelling liquid outlet control coordinated with
other control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus,
combined with (1) two or more passages for passively
directing fluids from a working-treating chamber or (2) means
for coordinating or operatively interconnecting a passive
outlet control and some other control.
Subclass:
97.1
Coordinated inlet nonimpelling control and noninlet control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
which has means coordinating or operatively interconnecting a
passive work-treating chamber fluid inlet control and some
other kind of device.
Subclass:
98.1
With coordinated or multiple valves:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
combined with (1) interconnected, coordinated, or multiway
valves for controlling flow of the plural fluids or (2) means
to selectively direct or divert liquids to any one of plural
conduits or courses used to conduct the liquid from the
work.
Subclass:
99.1
Plural fluids applying conduits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
which includes two or more conduits for applying two or more
fluids to the work.
Subclass:
99.2
With means for supplying an additive (e.g., liquid
detergent):
This subclass is indented under subclass 99.1. Apparatus
comprising means for supplying a small amount of a product
which supplements or improves the performance of the
work-treating fluid.
(1) Note. The amount of the additive is small in relation to
the amount of the fluids.
(2) Note. The product may be a fluid or a nonfluid.
Subclass:
100.1
With means for mixing or contacting fluids with each other
before applying them:
This subclass is indented under subclass 99.1. Apparatus
which includes means for blending two or more fluids together
or for impinging one fluid upon another prior to applying
them to the work.
Subclass:
102.1
Having steam, air or gas applying conduit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 100.1. Apparatus
wherein one of the fluids being applied to the work through a
conduit is steam, air or gas.
Subclass:
102.2
With pressurized air or gas supplying means for fluid
movement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102.1. Apparatus
combined with a source of air or gas, under pressure, for
agitating or propelling the work treating fluid.
Subclass:
102.3
With drying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102.1. Apparatus
combined with means for drying the work.
Subclass:
103.1
Having means for recirculating or reversing fluid flows:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
which includes means for sending one or more of the fluids
back through one or more of their respective conduits.
Subclass:
103.2
Fluid spraying means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 94.1. Apparatus
comprising means for applying one or more of the fluids to
the work in the form of a spray.
Subclass:
103.3
Movable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103.2. Subject
matter wherein the position of one or more parts of the
spraying apparatus can be changed.
(1) Note. The position change may range from merely rotating
the nozzle to moving the entire spraying apparatus.
Subclass:
104.1
Having self cleaning means:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter having means for cleaning the cleaning
apparatus itself.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 3.51 for
apparatus for cleaning tubular work by passing a fluid
carried instrumentality therethrough, and having means for
collecting or retrieving the cleaning agent for reuse, at the
end of a cleaning operation.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 513
for the same subject matter applied to the apparatus of that
class.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 17, 70, 104, 203, 302, and
429 for coating apparatus having cleaning or conditioning
means.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 494 for a conveyor having
installed as part of its structure a means for cleaning a
component of the conveyor.
Subclass:
104.2
With means for collecting escaping material:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter having means to collect material that departs
from the desired path through the apparatus.
(1) Note. Such escaping material may be either the work or
work treating material or both.
Subclass:
104.3
Cleaned material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.2. Subject
matter in which material that has been cleaned is collected.
Subclass:
104.4
Foreign material separated from liquid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104.2. Subject
matter in which material other than the cleaned material is
separated from a liquid.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means in one of the following forms or some
combination thereof: (a) a heating means, (b) a cooling
means, or (c) a heat exchange means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
90 for heaters, or heat exchangers in other combinations.
94.1 for fluid injection heaters or coolers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, 58 for coating apparatus combined
with heating or cooling means for the work.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, 121 for apparatus for heating
solid metal combined with separate means for applying fluids
to the metal after heating.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus
which includes means for producing flow of a liquid through a
conduit by pressure in the liquid or by pressure of a fluid
there against, generated by heating the liquid or the fluid
or both.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for related processes.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus
which includes heat-exchange means external to the work
treating chamber, vat, or zone.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Apparatus
which includes means for recirculating the work treating
liquid through a conduit and through the work-treating
chamber, vat, or zone.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means for separating contaminants from the
treating fluids, so that the fluids free from such separated
contaminants may be applied to the work.
(1) Note. The separating means must be means in addition to
the main tank for the work, e.g., a separate decanting
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for related processes.
105 for apparatus employing a heating and/or cooling means
(as, for example, a still) to separate contaminants from the
treating liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, and see the notes to
the main class definition for other classes having separation
and purification of materials.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Apparatus in
which the fluid purifying or separating means operates by
filtering or straining contaminating solids therefrom.
(1) Note. Foraminous workholders, which permit the passage
of fluids for, or the escape of fluids after, application to
the work, are not included, even though disclosed or claimed
as a filter or strainer. The fluid filter or strainer must be
in addition to the work holder.
(2) Note. Foraminous structures through which fluids are
delivered against the work in the form of a spray or plural
jets are not considered to be filters or strainers. The
filter or strainer must be in addition to such structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
109 for filters or strainers combined with other types of
purifiers or separators and for such other types, per se.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus
which includes means for recirculating the work-treating
liquid through a strainer.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which either (1) a brake is provided for any
moving part of the apparatus, (2) a clutch is provided
between any two moving parts of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having any one or any combination of the following:
indicating means; signalling means; alarm means; means to
display the treating fluids or the work; means to inspect the
interior of the apparatus (other than mere closures); means
to illuminate the apparatus or a part thereof; or means to
perform a test.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for counters and other devices operated by the work or a
separate workholder.
56 for automatic controls.
63 for combinations including weighing, wringing,
classifying, sifting, etc., with sequential work stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, and see the notes to the main
class definition for the distribution of art on measuring and
testing, per se.
116, Signals and Indicators.
118, Coating Apparatus, 712 for coating apparatus having
testing, inspecting, measuring, signal or indicator means.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses. Note
especially 500 for electrically operated alarms
automatically responsive to a condition.
362, Illumination.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a liquid trap seal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 402, and see
the notes thereto for other processes and apparatus using
liquid seals.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus where some apparatus feature is claimed in addition
to: (1) means for introducing the work into, holding or
conveying the work within, or discharging the work from the
apparatus, or (2) means for feeding, discharging, holding,
directing, or agitating the treating fluids, or (3) means for
collecting or discharging treating fluid drainage; or
apparatus which, by manipulation of its parts (including
addition, removal, or change of position), may be converted
from apparatus of one character to apparatus of a second
character, other than the combinations provided for in
preceding subclasses.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus for treating work having two or more relatively
movable parts, the apparatus having means to cause at least
two such parts to move relative to each other during
operation of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 for work assembling or disassembling.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which there is a receptacle for the treating
fluid, which receptacle is mounted for motion during the
normal cycle of operation of the apparatus.
(1) Note. In this apparatus, the work is usually (but not
always) placed in such receptacle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for movably mounted receptacle form work constituting
the sole treating liquid holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, appropriate
subclasses, particularly 139 for textile tumbling
apparatus.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 421 for immersion coating
apparatus having movably mounted immersion receptacles.
248, Supports, 128 for miscellaneous stands for movable
receptacles.
366, Agitating, particularly 219 for an agitator with a
movable mixing chamber.
451, Abrading, 328 for a tumbling drum.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Apparatus
having means constructed at the bottom of the receptacle
(including the formation of the receptacle bottom) for
permitting rocking or rolling thereof, so that the axis of
rocking or rolling shifts transversely thereof during such
motion.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Apparatus in
which the fluid holding chambers or receptacles are mounted,
or designed for rotary or swinging motion.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Apparatus in
which the rotary or swinging motion is on a substantially
horizontal axis only.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Apparatus in
which the rotary or swinging motion is on a substantially
vertical axis only.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having means to handle work of sheet, strand, web,
or bar (e.g., log) form, travelling longitudinally of
itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 15, for related processes.
64 for apparatus having sequential work treating receptacles
or stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 611, and see
the notes thereto for sheet, web, or strand handling
apparatus.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 419, and see the notes
thereto for apparatus for coating running length work.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the work is a vehicle of any kind or in
which the work is a wheel for any purpose.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 for such apparatus having work or separate workholder
operated devices.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having an endless conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 67+ and 70+, for other combinations with an endless belt
type conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 239, 322, 324, and 423+ for
coating apparatus having endless work conveyors.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, for endless conveyor structure,
per se.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus
having guide rails directly engaged by the work or work
holding means (as distinguished from the guide rails
frequently provided for the endless conveyor).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for guide rails combined with work operated controls.
82 for guide rails where there are sequential work treating
stations.
165 for guide rails in other combinations.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus in
which, in addition to the endless belt, there is another work
conveyor or a work manipulator to operate upon the work
precedent to delivery to the endless conveyor, after delivery
from the endless conveyor or while on the endless conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for work transfer from one movable carrier to another, at
least one being an endless belt type, there being sequential
work stations.
125 Where there are guide rails for the work or workholder.
128 for endless belts with means to hold the work thereon
and means to release the work held.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus in
which there are two or more endless belts.
(1) Note. They may, for example, be arranged in series, in
parallel, or in face to face relation throughout parts of
their lengths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for combinations with guide rails.
126 for combinations with a nonendless-belt conveyor.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus in
which the endless-belt conveyor has either or both (1) means
operable after work deposition for holding the work thereon,
or (2) means to release such holding means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 where the endless-belt is associated with guide rails
and the work is held therebetween.
126 where the work is held between an endless-belt and a
nonendless-belt conveyor.
127 where the work is held between two facing endless
conveyors.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus in
which (1) at least one of the fluid delivery conduits or
nozzles is movably mounted, or (2) the endless-belt is
interconnected with a fluid controlling valve for operation
so that either (a) motion of one causes motion of the other,
or (b) one is required to be in a preselected position before
the other can move.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for processes of treating hollow work using a movable
nozzle.
44 144+, 167+, and 172+, for movable nozzles in other
combinations.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus
having means, in addition to the endless conveyor, for
causing fluid motion (e.g., pump, agitator, or splasher).
(1) Note. Such additional means must not be mounted on the
conveyor, but there may be a common drive.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 where the movable work support is other than an endless
conveyor.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Apparatus
having fluid delivery conduits or nozzles for spraying or
applying jets to the work.
(1) Note. The conduits may be for delivering the fluids
either to the work or to fluid holding receptacles.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 68, 72+, and 129, for other endless belt with spray or jet
combinations.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the work passes along a spiral path and/or
the work conveyor is of spiral form (for example, a screw
conveyor).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 for related plural treating station apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 715 for conveyors
such as belts and rollers moving the load on a helical path,
and subclasses 475.1, 513, 545, 548, 550.6, 550.10, 582, 608,
611+, 625, 657+, and others for a screw conveyor.
366, Agitating, particularly 318 for casings having a screw
conveyor therein, for agitating the contents, as
distinguished from this subclass which has either casings
containing a liquid and a screw conveyor in a separate,
foraminous casing mounted in the first or which handle the
solid work as individual articles.
451, Abrading, subclass 327, and see the reference to Class
451 in the (5) note of the main class definition of Class
134.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having either, or both, (1) means to feed work in
to, or (2) means to discharge work from, the apparatus.
(1) Note. In this subclass, the feeding means and/or the
discharging means must be in addition to the means that holds
or manipulates the work during the fluid treating operation
and the means for moving the same to or from fluid treating
position (i.e., such means as conveyors, chutes, etc., for
delivering work to the preceding apparatus, or receiving work
discharged therefrom).
(2) Note. The preceding subclasses have special combinations
involving this subject matter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
221, Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses and see the
reference to Class 221 in the class definition of this class
for a statement of the class lines.
414, Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses.
See the reference to Class 414, in Note (5) of the class
definition of this class (134) for a statement of the class
lines.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Apparatus in
which the feeding or discharging means is adapted to convey
the work or workholder and to rotate or swing, or is pivoted
other than a mere gate or stop.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a workholder that may be moved into and
out of fluid contacting position, has some means in addition
to the means for so moving the work holder to hold the work
holder in a draining position above the treating liquid in
the liquid holding receptacle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, 410 for boiler or deep
fat fryer type cooking apparatus with elevated draining
position.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus which includes a workholder which is adapted to act
as a plunger, or pump piston and which has a valve for
allowing fluid flow in one direction but not in the opposite
direction.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having either means to movably mount the work, or
means to movable mount the work support.
(1) Note. Where the work or work support is not movably
mounted, but motion is only incidental due to operation of a
fluid agitator or other fluid currents, the patents are not
in subclasses 137+, but in appropriate following subclasses.
(2) Note. This subject matter appears in numerous special
forms and combinations in the preceding subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 for apparatus having manually insertable and removable
workholders for work having hollows or passages, there being
no mounting means providing for guided relative motion
between the work support and the remainder of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, subclass 327, and see the reference to Class
451 in the (5) note of the main class definition of Class
134.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which a work holder or support is mounted for motion (e.g.,
rotary, swinging or oscillatory motion) and there are means
for directing a fluid current against either the work or the
workholder to cause either or both to move.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for such apparatus having also a work or separate
workholder-operated device.
140 for motor operated means to move the work or work
support.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Apparatus
which includes a movably mounted means, in addition to the
device, for moving the work for splashing or pumping a
fluid.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
claiming a motor for operating any part of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for automatically controlled motors.
58 for electrically controlled motors.
188 for similar subject matter having no movable work
support.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Apparatus in
which the motor is a turbine or other type of fluid operated
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 and 138+, for devices for moving (e.g., rotating) work by
impact of a liquid jet thereagainst.
129 144+, 167+, and 172+, for jet or spray nozzles caused to
move by reaction of the fluid discharged.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which two or more immediate work carriers are separately and
movably mounted on a common support so that the carriers are
capable of motion relative to each other, and the common
support is also movably mounted.
(1) Note. For the most part, motion of the common support
results in both relative motion between each of the work
carriers and between the carriers and the common support,
e.g., a "Ferris-wheel" type.
(2) Note. The preceding work conveyor subclasses have
special types of such apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
158 for apparatus in which there are plural work holders or
chambers which move together without relative motion.
161 for apparatus in which a single workholder has a
compound motion.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which a tank closure is interconnected with any one of any
combination of (a) a valve, (b) a movable work support, (c) a
fluid agitator, splasher or pump, or (d) a movably mounted
spray or jet applying conduit or nozzle, so that either (1)
motion of one causes motion of the other, or (2) one is
required to be in a preselected position before the other can
move.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for work support driving or journaling means mounted on
or extending through the cover and having no other
interconnecting means as above defined.
177 for tank closures interconnected with movable nozzles.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having fluid nozzles or jet forming means for applying fluids
to the work, which devices are mounted for motion relative to
the other portion of the apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 where the nozzle of jet forming means is moved by the
work or separate work holder.
129 167+ and 172+, for movable nozzles in other
combinations.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Apparatus in
which the jet or spray applying conduits or nozzles are
mounted on and move with the movable work support, but have
no motion relative to the work support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 where a nozzle, even though mounted on a movable work
support is so mounted as to be movable relative thereto.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which a movable mounted work support is interconnected with a
valve so that (1) motion of one imparts motion to the other,
or (2) one is required to be in a preselected position before
the other can be moved.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for work operated valves.
81 for turntable operated valves.
129 for endless conveyor operated valves.
145 for interconnected valve and work support in which the
work support also carries jet or spray applying conduits or
nozzles.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having means, in addition to a movable work support, for
causing fluid motion (e.g., pump, agitator, splasher).
(1) Note. Such additional means must not be mounted on the
movable work support, but there may be a common drive.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
130 where the movable work support is an endless conveyor.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus in
which fluids are discharged from a spray nozzle or a jet
conduit directly onto the work.
(1) Note. The pump may deliver only to the spray nozzle or
jet that applies them to the work and also there may be a
splasher or agitator to separately apply fluids to the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 where an agitator or splasher is the only means to apply
fluids to the work, even though the agitator or splasher
receives fluids from a conduit.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which the work holder is an axially rotary chuck mandrel, rod
or axle that passes into or through the work to mount the
same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137 or other appropriate indented subclasses, particularly
subclasses 144 and 152, for means for mounting work having
hollows or passages, which mounting means do not pass into or
through the work even though a treating fluid delivering
means does pass into or through the work.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which the work is of receptacle form, means are provided for
mounting the same for motion, the receptacle-form work
constituting the sole treating liquid holding means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for movably-mounted fluid-holding receptacles in which
the work is placed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 408 for coating apparatus
in which hollow work is filled with coating material.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having fluid nozzles or jet forming means for applying fluids
to the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, 300 for coating apparatus in which
the coating material is flung, projected or sprayed onto the
work.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Apparatus in
which the apparatus is specially constructed to introduce
fluids into passages or hollows in the work, other than by
mere immersion.
(1) Note. Numerous preceding subclasses have apparatus for
movably mounting and treating hollow work classified on other
special features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 53 through 55, 62, 166+, for other types of apparatus for
hollow work.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Apparatus, in
which the workholder is mounted for rotation or swinging, or
is pivoted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
157 and see the noted thereto for other rotary, pivoted or
swinging work supports.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having a baffle or deflector which is not operable to impel
fluids, and which will engage fluids impelled by other means
to change their direction of motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for fluid impelling means not forming a part of the
movable work support.
163 for fluid impelling means mounted on the movable work
support.
182 for other combinations having a nonimpelling fluid
baffle or deflector.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having means for feeding liquid to and/or draining liquid
from the tank with which the movable work support is
associated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 for valved liquid drains from at least one of plural
stations.
144 151+, for spray of jet applying conduits or nozzles that
both apply liquids to the movably mounted work and supply
liquids to the tank.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which there is a spring to drive or bias the movable work
support to some position and/or a float is connected to the
movable work support to exert a buoying action in the
liquid.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which the work support is mounted so as to have rotary,
revolving, swinging or oscillating motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 65, 69, 77, 78+, 138+, 142, 149, 150, and 153, for other
rotary or swinging work carriers.
67 70+ and 124+, for endless belt type carriers.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which the movable work support has (1) two or more chambers
or compartments to receive the work, (2) two or more separate
means to hold the work on the work support and/or (3) a
single work receiving chamber with a removable cover which
cover may be positioned either at the entrance to the chamber
or within the chamber.
(1) Note. The plural chambers may be formed between the
movable work support and the walls of the tank.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Apparatus in
which the work support is mounted for rotation, revolving or
swinging on a horizontal axis.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which the movable work support is carried by one or more
pivoted links or levers or strands. The work support may have
a compound motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164 for other link, lever, or strand mounted work supports.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which the work support has some additional motion (e.g.,
combined rotary and reciprocating). The motions may be
simultaneous or sequential.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for traversing hoist type conveying means for
transferring work from one station to another.
142 for apparatus having plural work holders mounted for
motion relative to each other on a common movably mounted
support.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which the actuating means for the work holder either extends
through or is carried by the cover for a tank with which the
work support is associated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
192 and 197, for pumps, splashers, or agitators, for moving
fluids having actuating means extending through or carried by
a tank cover.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 157. Apparatus in
which some means specially designed to impel fluids is
mounted on and thus movable with the pivoted work support.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus in
which the work support is reciprocatable by strands or is
carried by links or levers that are pivoted to some means
that imparts reciprocatory motion to the work support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
137 for miscellaneous reciprocatory work supports.
156 for movable work supports carried by springs.
160 for other link, lever, or strand mounted work supports.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Apparatus
having guide rails or rods directly engaged by the work or
workholding means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 and 82+, for other guide rail combinations.
125 for guide rails of this type combined with an endless
conveyor.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the apparatus is specially constructed to
introduce fluids into passages or hollows in the work, other
than by mere immersion.
(1) Note. The preceding subclasses have special forms of
apparatus for treating hollow work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 20 and 22.1+, for processes of treating hollow work.
43 for apparatus for orienting hollow work with a finder for
an aperture therein.
53 and 54+, for hollow work operated valves.
62 for hollow work emptying, inverting, orienting, or
puncturing combined with treating.
152 for miscellaneous apparatus having means to movably
mount hollow work and apply sprays or jets thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 3.5 for
apparatus for cleaning tubular work by the passage
therethrough of a solid or comminuted mechanical cleaning
instrumentality carried in a fluid stream, and subclasses
104.03+ for pipe and tube cleaning implements, per se.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, 104 for
hollow work treatment.
118, Coating Apparatus, 317, and see the notes thereto, for
apparatus for coating the inside of hollow work.
166, Wells, appropriate subclasses for apparatus for cleaning
or washing wells.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Apparatus in
which at least one fluid discharge means is movably mounted,
including those movable due to flexibility.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for processes for treating hollow work using a movable
nozzle.
44 129, 144+, and 172+, for other combinations using a
movable nozzle.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Apparatus
having means for generating pressure in the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 for generating fluid pressure by heating.
184 and see the notes thereto for other combinations
involving fluid pressure generating means.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Apparatus
having means for generating pressure in the fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
184 and see the notes thereto for other combinations
involving this subject matter.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Apparatus
having means for applying fluids externally of the work in
addition to introducing fluids into passages or hollows.
(1) Note. The external fluid applying means may be a collar
or flange to direct the fluids emitted from the interior of
the work over the exterior thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 and 54+, for this subject matter combined with a work
operated valve.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Apparatus
which has a plurality of pipes for supplying fluid in
parallel.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which at least one fluid spray or jet applying
conduit or nozzle is movably mounted, including those movable
due to flexibility.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for processes of treating hollow work using a movable
nozzle.
44 129, 144+, and 167+, for other combinations using a
movable nozzle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 307 for railway vehicles
having nozzle means to spray a coating liquid onto the
railway track rails.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the movable nozzle or conduit is adapted to function as
a pump or which is an element of a pump.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
which includes a pump, fluid splasher, or agitator, separate
from, or in addition to, the movable nozzle or conduit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
173 where the movable conduit or nozzle functions as a pump
or is an element of a pump.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Apparatus in
which the nozzle or conduit is attached to or operatively
interconnected with a work treating chamber closure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for combinations where the work or work support is
movable mounted.
177 for miscellaneous combinations not involving a separate
pump, splasher, or agitator.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Apparatus in
which a nozzle is adapted to be moved by reaction of a fluid
issuing therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 for fluid discharge reaction nozzles in other
combinations.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the nozzle or conduit is attached to or operatively
interconnected with a work treating chamber closure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for combinations with means to movably mount the work.
175 for combinations with a separate pump, splasher, or
agitator.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the motion of the nozzle or conduit is coordinated or
operatively interconnected with a valve for controlling fluid
flow thereto.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which a nozzle is adapted to be moved by reaction of a fluid
issuing therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
176 for fluid discharge reaction nozzles combined with a
separate pump, splasher, or agitator.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
which has guiding means to restrict motion of a
movably-mounted nozzle or conduit to rotation, swinging or
movement in a closed annular path of any form, or to a curved
path.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 180. Apparatus
which includes a motor moving the nozzle or conduit.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having a baffle or deflector which is not operable
to impel fluids, and which will engage fluids impelled by
other means to change the direction of motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
154 for combinations involving both means to movably mount
or support the work and a nonimpelling fluid baffle or
deflector.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in
which the baffle or deflector is movably-mounted, adjustable,
or removable.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which some movable device or means is operative
on fluids to cause the same to move.
(1) Note. Various special combinations involving this
subject matter appear in the preceding subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for work operated pumps.
68 72+, 89, 130, 136, 139, 140+, 147+, 163, 168, 169, 173,
and 174+, for other combinations involving this subject
matter.
106 where fluid pressure is generated by heat.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in
which the means for causing fluid motion has a compound
motion (e.g., combined rotary and reciprocating motion).
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus
having either means to supply liquids to and/or drain liquids
from the tank with which the movable means that causes fluid
motion is associated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 96 and 155, for drains in other combinations.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in
which means that moves fluids is pivoted so as to have
rotary, swinging, or oscillating motion.
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which a motor for operating some part of the apparatus is
claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for motor operated apparatus having a movable work
support.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the pivoted fluid moving means is so configured and/or
mounted as to move in an annular path that surrounds the
work-space. The motion may be rotary, swinging, or
oscillating.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the fluid moving means operates to cause the fluids to
move into and through an annular, work-space surrounding
conduit which delivers to the work space.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the fluid moving means is adapted to deliver to a
nozzle or conduit.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which operating means for the fluid moving device extends
through or is carried by a work treating chamber cover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for rotary, revolving, or swinging work holders having
actuating means extending through or carried by a tank
cover.
197 for vertically reciprocable fluid moving devices whose
actuating means extends through or is carried by a cover.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which there are two or more separate fluid moving devices as
distinguished from two or more vanes or paddles attached to
the same shaft.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the fluid moving device is mounted for rotation or
swinging on a horizontal axis.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus
which includes a fluid moving means which is a pump adapted
to take in fluid at one point and discharge the fluid at
another point.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus
which includes a dasher or fluid moving device which is
mounted for being reciprocated vertically.
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Apparatus in
which operating means for fluid-moving device extends through
or is carried by a work treating chamber cover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for rotary revolving or swinging workholders having
actuating means extending through or carried by a tank
cover.
192 for rotary or swinging, agitating means which extends
through or is attached to a tank cover.
Subclass:
198
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus which includes means for supplying or applying a
spray or jet.
(1) Note. Numerous preceding subclasses have this subject
matter in special combinations.
Subclass:
199
This subclass is indented under subclass 198. Apparatus
which includes means for applying sprays or jets to the work
which is adapted to surround the work, or apply fluid from
opposite sides of the work, or which has a plurality of fluid
supplying pipes operable in parallel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 55, 122, 170, and 171.
Subclass:
200
This subclass is indented under subclass 198. Apparatus
which includes a closable work treating chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 162, 175, 177, 192, and 197, for other subject matter
classified on the basis of a closure combination.
Subclass:
201
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus for which none of the preceding subclasses
provide.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
Subclass:
900
PAINT ROLLER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to contact the paint roller with a
liquid.
Subclass:
901
CONTACT LENS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to contact contact lens with a
liquid.
Subclass:
902
SEMICONDUCTOR WAFER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to contact a semiconductor wafer
with a liquid.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000