U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
the subclass number
preceding each subclass definition or on the
" " icon, below.
( please note that patents for some subclasses may not be available )
For classification search strategies, please refer to the
Classification Index
Explanation of Data web page.
(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 092
EXPANSIBLE CHAMBER DEVICES
Class Definition:
(A) This class relates to devices which include an expansible
chamber, said chamber having a wall portion thereof (i.e., a
working member) movable in a to and fro motion to vary the
volume of the chamber, and having a fluid conducting passage
means in communication with the chamber for introducing or
withdrawing fluid therefrom, said device being the type in
which:
(1) The introduction of fluid into the chamber or the
withdrawal of fluid from the chamber acts upon the movable
wall portion and effects a movement thereof in a direction to
change the volume of the chamber and produce a mechanical
force output which is employed to do work (e.g., motor) or
(2) Application of a mechanical force to the movable wall
portion effects a movement of such movable wall portion in a
direction to change the volume of the chamber to draw fluid
into or expel fluid from the chamber (e.g., pump).
(B) This class also takes miscellaneous subcombinations of
motors or pumps disclosed as being of the type having a
chamber as indicated in part A, above, not involving control
of the working fluid and not provided for in other classes,
(e.g., bellows walls, diaphragms or pistons).
(C) This class excludes means to control the fluid to or from
the chamber, except in the case of a sealing means for a
working member which is adapted under certain conditions of
operation to flex away from the encompassing chamber wall to
allow fluid passage between said means and the chamber wall.
(1) Note. Claims Not Controlling In Patents Prior To 1936.
Patents issued prior to 1936 have not necessarily been
classified by claims so that the placement of these patents
does not necessarily indicate lines of classification.
However, most of the patents regardless of their age have
been placed in accordance with their claimed subject matter.
STATEMENT RELATING TO PLACEMENT OF PATENTS INVOLVING
COMBINATION AND SUBCOMBINATION SUBCLASSES
In many instances the schedule of this class provides for a
combination which requires a given subcombination and
elsewhere below provides for the subcombination.
The following rule has been followed as to the placement of
the original patent and as to cross-referencing and should be
followed in the future:
Where the combination subclass requires the same
subcombination as is provided for in the subcombination
subclass (i.e., subcombination defined with the same
specificity in both subclasses) a patent disclosing the
combination is placed as an original in, or under, the
combination subclass regardless of whether the claims are
directed to the combination or subcombination and is not
cross-referenced to the subcombination subclass. A patent
disclosing only the subcombination and claiming same is
placed as an original in the subcombination subclass and is
not cross-referenced to the combination subclass.
This rule is applicable only in instances where there is but
a single subcombination subclass (i.e., no indented
subclasses), but the combination subclass may be further
subdivided into indented subclasses.
The prime feature of this situation is the that the
subcombination must, by definition, be of equal specificity
in the two subclasses. A search for the subcombination, at
least in the case where it is adapted to be used in the
combination, of necessity involves all of the patents in the
combination subclass. Under this system of placing the
patents a complete search of the combination can be made in
the combination subclass, and of the subcombination in both
subclasses without the addition to the search files of the
otherwise necessary cross-reference copies.
The subclasses involved in this combination-subcombination
relationship have been indicated in the schedule by numbers
in parenthesis, as explained in a paragraph after the class
title.
See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, below for
the exemplary of this situation in the Class 92 schedule.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
EXEMPLARY IN THE CLASS 92 SCHEDULE
Exemplary of this situation (as described in the Class
Definition, above) in the Class 92 schedule are subclasses 11
and 12. It is noted that subclass 11 provides for a working
member combined with means to control the flow of nonworking
arresting fluid therefor in which said flow control means is
responsive to the position of the working member and an
auxiliary adjustable throttle for further controlling such
flow while subclass 12 merely requires an adjustable throttle
for controlling such flow. As between these subclasses a
patent having a disclosed means responsive to the position of
the working member for controlling the flow of nonworking
arresting fluid for a working member combined with an
auxiliary adjustable throttle is placed as an original in
subclass 11, whether or not working member position control
means is claimed and is not cross-referenced in subclass 12.
A complete search for the subject matter provided for in
subclass 12 of necessity involves all of the patents in
subclass 11.
COMBINATIONS WITH LOAD DEVICES
Inasmuch as a mechanical force output of an expansible
chamber device within the definition of this class is to
operate or move a load the inclusion of the load in the claim
by name only or in general terms will not exclude a patent
from this class. An exception to this general rule exists
where the load on the expansible chamber device is a valve.
The combination of an expansible chamber device and a valve
as the load moved thereby, even if the valve is claimed by
name only, is excluded from this class and will be found in
Class 137, Fluid Handling, or Class 251, Valves and Valve
Actuation.
This line also applies where the load is a tool: that is, a
named tool moved by the expansible chamber will not exclude a
patent from this class if no tool details are recited.
However, if a support for the work being acted upon by the
tool is claimed, classification in the appropriate tool class
results even though both the tool and the support are claimed
by name only. Also see Search Class 173 note in References to
Other Classes, below, for the line with regard to a nominally
claimed tool driven by an expansible chamber device combined
with other features such as work cleansing or tool feeding.
No attempt has been made to review the classification of all
patents found in classes relating to loads adapted to be
moved by an expansible chamber device. Thus, it is to be
noted that the original classification of all patents is not
consistent with the above statement as to nominally claimed
loads and this particularly applies as to classes not
recently reclassified. In those instances in which a body of
art is known to exist in a given class in which the load
adapted to be moved by the expansible chamber device is
claimed only nominally, and especially where the
classification of that class provides for a fluid pressure
actuator for the device, currently issuing patents will not
be classified as originals in Class 92 even though the load
is only nominally claimed.
The means which transmits power from the working member of
the expansible chamber device to the load to be moved (e.g.,
linkage, gearing, etc.) is not considered to be the load to
be moved by the expansible chamber device. See References to
Other Classes, Search Note to Class 74, for a discussion of
this subject.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 91.
For the relationship between this class and Class 91, see
"(3) Note" in the class definition of Class 91.
RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS 60
Class 92 is directed to expansible chamber devices per se of
the type which includes an oscillating or reciprocating
working member and is generally related to Class 60, as a
subcombination of a Class 60 device of the type which
includes an expansible chamber.
More specifically the line may be categorized as follows:
A. PLURAL OR COMBINED WITH A MOTOR
(1) The combination of an expansible chamber device of the
type set forth in part (A), (1), of the class definition
above combined with a motor of a different type is classified
in Class 60. However, the combination of a Class 92,
Expansible Chamber Devices with a motor which performs work
solely for use by the expansible chamber device (e.g., move
the working member, or adjust a part thereof) is classified
in Class 92. The combination of a plurality of Class 92,
Expansible Chamber Devices having a plurality of working
members (e.g., pistons) is classified in Class 92.
B. WORKING FLUID SOURCE, MODIFICATION OR EXHAUST TREATMENT
(1) Pumps. The inclusion in a claim of a pump broadly which
provides motive fluid for utilization by the Class 92,
Expansible Chamber Devices does not preclude classification
in Class 92. The following examples have been considered to
be nominal inclusion of a pump and if so claimed would not
preclude classification in Class 92: (a) a pump; (b) a rotary
pump; (c) a motor driven pump; (d) a motor driven rotary
pump; (e) an internal combustion engine having an intake
manifold (as a source of vacuum); (f) a plurality of pumps
arranged in parallel; (g) a circuit comprising a sump, pump
and expansible chamber device.
The following examples have been considered to be significant
inclusion of a pump and if so claimed would preclude
classification in Class 92 and cause classification in Class
60, if otherwise appropriate:
(a) a pump which is characterized as to type, e.g.,
centrifugal, eduction, constant displacement, variable
displacement, pulsator, etc. (however, see (b) in the
preceding paragraph)
(b) a motor driven pump in which the motor is characterized
as to type, e.g., turbine, electric motor, internal
combustion engine (however, see (e) in the immediately
preceding paragraph)
(c) a pump which has any detail thereof recited as, for
example, a "piston"
(d) a plurality of pumps in series
(e) a particular physical relation between a nominal pump and
(1) a motor supplied thereby or (2) with a sump, reservoir or
tank forming part of the circuit supplying the pump. For
example, this particular physical relation may include their
relation in space or mechanical interconnection means.
See particularly Class 60, subclasses 325+.
(2) Accumulators.
An expansible chamber device in constant communication with
an accumulator for pressurized working fluid is not precluded
from Class 92 regardless of the specificity with which the
accumulator is recited, the accumulator in this case being
considered to be merely a part of the expansible chamber.
(3) Internal Generation.
Class 60 takes an expansible chamber device in which the
working fluid within the expansible chamber device is heated
or cooled, as, for example, by a fluid in heat exchange
relation with the interior of the chamber. Such fluid may be
the same working fluid used in the chamber either before or
after it passes through the chamber. However, a mere heat
exchange space or jacket associated with the chamber through
which a heat exchange fluid may be circulated is not excluded
from Class 92, unless some means are provided to control the
flow of heat exchange fluid into or out of the space or
jacket. See Class 60, subclass 508.
(4) Heating, Superheating or External Generation
An expansible chamber device having a nominally claimed means
to heat or superheat the working fluid before introduction
into the expansible chamber is not precluded from Class 92.
For example, Class 92 takes a boiler combined with an
expansible chamber device while a "fire tube boiler" combined
with a Class 92 expansible chamber device would be classified
in Class 60. See, for example, Class 60, subclasses 643+.
Class 92 does not take the combination of an expansible
chamber device with an explosive generation of working fluid
even if nominally claimed. See, for example, Class 60
subclasses 632+.
(5) Exhaust Treatment or Handling
Class 60 takes combinations involving treatment of motive
fluid after it leaves an expansible chamber where means is
claimed to change some characteristic of the fluid. A
condenser, muffler or filter are examples of such means, but
the inclusion of a condenser, muffler or filter in a claim by
name only is not sufficient to preclude a patent from Class
92.
Class 60 also takes combinations involving handling of
exhaust fluid from a fluid motor. Handling is considered to
necessarily include more than a mere pipe or chamber to
conduct the exhaust fluid away. However, an exhaust fluid
conductor having a number of ports therein merely for the
purpose of dividing the exhaust stream is more than a mere
chamber or pipe and is classified in Class 60. Claimed
limitations to an elbow, support or other fitting which
constitutes a mere part of the exhaust pipe will be ignored,
but any significant relation of the pipe and expansible
chamber device will result in classification in the
appropriate exhaust treatment subclass of Class 60. A
particular physical relation or mechanical inter-connection
between a chamber or reservoir for receiving exhaust fluid
from the motor and the motor has been considered exhaust
handling for Class 60. See Class 60, subclasses 272+ and
685+.
C. PULSATORS
Class 60 takes a pulsator system in which a generally
constant mass of confined working fluid is moved by the
working member of one expansible chamber device to effect
movement of the working member of said expansible chamber
device. Where only one of the expansible chamber devices
forming a pulsator system is claimed, classification is
generally in Class 92. However, see (3) Note of the
definition of subclasses 533+ of Class 60 for a list of
pulsator elements or subcombinations classifiable in Class
60.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 232 for an expansible chamber
type volume or rate of flow meter. Class 73 takes an
expansible chamber meter combined with registering mechanism
and a meter incapable of general use as an expansible chamber
device. A meter is considered to be incapable of such general
use if there is no disclosed means to take power therefrom
for external use such as to a registering mechanism.
Therefore class 92 takes an expansible chamber device
disclosed as a meter having means to take power therefrom
such as for an unclaimed registering mechanism; subclasses
700+ for a fluid pressure gauge. Class 73 takes a sealed
capsule disclosed as forming a pressure sensing means. Class
73 also takes an expansible chamber device combined with a
means to indicate the condition being sensed by the
deflection of the movable wall of the expansible chamber
device.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
a mechanical movement, gearing or element. Class 74 takes a
motion converting linkage, gearing or element there provided
for even though a piston and cylinder is recited where such
piston and cylinder amounts to no more than a named load on
or drive source for the linkage, gearing or element; even a
recitation of a geometrical or spatial arrangement of plural
pistons and cylinders is not considered to constitute more
than a named load or drive source and does not preclude
classification in Class 74. A support, casing, housing or
covering (e.g., a crankcase) may also be included in a claim
to a Class 74 mechanism, provided that only so much detail of
such support, casing, housing or covering is recited as to
constitute a support or enclosure for the mechanism. For
example, a machine element such as a crankshaft which, per
se, is classifiable in Class 74 will still be in Class 74
even though a crankcase or cover therefore is recited.
Similarly a mechanical movement (e.g., a piston, connecting
rod and crankshaft) which, per se, is classifiable in Class
74 is still proper for Class 74 even though it includes a
piston housing (e.g., cylinder) and crankshaft housing (e.g.,
crankcase). Class 92 takes a casing for a crankshaft or other
Class 74 element where disclosed as being associated with an
expansible chamber device either where such casing is
claimed, per se, or where the Class 74 element is nominally
claimed.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, for an expansible chamber
device which is limited for use as a part of an internal
combustion engine. Class 123 has not been cleared and many
expansible chamber devices which are not limited for use in
an internal combustion engine will be found in Class 123
without any stated line or perceptible distinction with the
subject matter found in Class 92.
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, 56 for a fluid pressure
actuated gun in which a projectile is impelled from a
confined space or barrel by the force of a fluid under
pressure.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 30 for a fluid pressure
compensator for a fluid system, comprising a chamber provided
with a movable wall (e.g., piston or diaphragm) to allow the
volumetric capacity of said chamber to be varied, and
disclosed as for receiving and accommodating a surge of fluid
in the system; subclasses 118+ for a circumferentially
corrugated or pleated flexible tubular member of conduit.
Class 92 takes such a device where the sole specific
disclosure or a claim is directed to a bellows device for an
expansible chamber device; appropriate subclasses, for a
tubular member, even though disclosed as a cylinder for an
expansible chamber device. Class 138 takes a tubular member
disclosed as a cylinder for an expansible chamber device,
where the claim is directed to no more than the wall
structure of such tubular member.
173, Tool Driving and Impacting, appropriate subclasses for
an expansible chamber device for operating an impact
delivering means or for operating a tool combined with work
cleansing or feed means and see section IV of the class
definition of Class 173 for a statement of the line between
Class 92 and Class 173.
184, Lubrication, appropriate subclasses for lubrication of
general utility, and particularly 18 for lubrication of an
engine cylinder. Class 184 takes a nominal cylinder and
piston provided with lubricating means. Class 92 takes the
combination of a cylinder and piston and lubricating means
therefor where either the cylinder or piston is modified for
a purpose other than for lubrication. Claimed structural
limitations, for example, such as sealing means between the
cylinder and piston or specific piston construction effects
classification in Class 92. However the claiming of a pitman
or connecting rod pivotally secured to a piston including
means to lubricate such connection does not preclude
classification in Class 184.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, especially 213 for an expansible chamber fluid
motor in claimed combination with a more than named
stationary lift for raising a vehicle in its entirety between
spaced vertical positions, and subclasses 272+ for an
expansible chamber fluid motor in claimed combination with a
more than named load-underlying support surface (e.g.,
external load support guide structure which is not necessary
to the fluid motor internal drive, particular load-underlying
support surface structure, elevator counterbalances).
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses for brakes and locks of
general utility and particularly, 297 for a fluid type brake
or dashpot. Class 188 takes a fluid containing chamber having
a movable wall (e.g., piston and cylinder) or an element
thereof where the sole specific disclosure or a claim is
directed to a dashpot or brake; subclass 67 for a brake or
lock for a rod which may include a piston. Class 188 takes a
piston and cylinder combined with a movement retarding or
preventing means, where the piston and cylinder is only
nominally set forth in the claim.
220, Receptacles, appropriate subclasses for the structure of
a device disclosed as a cylinder for an expansible chamber
device, where the claimed subject matter includes no more
than the structure of a container and particularly 200 for a
container closure. Class 220 takes the combination of a
cylinder and a closure or head therefor, or a cylinder
closure or head, per se, where the claimed subject matter
includes no more than a container and closure or a container
closure of general utility. Class 92 takes such combination
or the closure, per se, where the claim includes subject
matter which limits the device to an element of a working
chamber for an expansible device, such as for example fluid
porting in the closure, or means on the closure for
cooperating with a piston part.
222, Dispensing, 206 for a resilient wall dispenser, and
subclasses 386+ for a dispenser comprising a container or
cylinder provided with a follower (e.g., piston) adapted to
act against a fluent material to expel the material from the
chamber. Class 222 takes a combined container and follower
where the sole specific disclosure or a claim is directed to
a dispenser for fluent material. However, Class 92 takes a
claim to a follower or piston, per se, even though disclosed
as for use in a dispensing device.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, 12 for a fluid pressure
actuated valve, and especially subclasses 61+ for a valve
having a fluid actuator which includes a diaphragm, bellows
or flexible wall type expansible chamber device and
subclasses 62+ for a fluid actuator comprising an expansible
chamber device having a cylinder with a relatively movable
piston therein. Class 251 takes a nominally recited valve
combined with an expansible chamber device actuating means
therefor; subclasses 324+ for a reciprocating piston type
valve and subclass 331 for a reciprocating diaphragm type
valve. Class 251 takes a piston or diaphragm when there is a
disclosure that such piston or diaphragm is used as a valve
element.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclass 93 for a fluid actuated pushing or pulling
implement. Class 254 takes a fluid pressure actuated pushing
or pulling implement where some detail of the load engaging
means is claimed.
267, Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses for a fluid type
spring device. Class 267 takes a device comprising a chamber
provided with a movable wall (e.g., piston and cylinder) and
adapted to contain a fluid designed to contact and exert a
force against said movable wall, or an element of such device
(e.g., piston) when there is a disclosure that such device is
used as a spring device.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, appropriate subclasses for
a packing or sealing member, even though disclosed as sealing
between relatively movable elements of an expansible chamber
device. Class 277 takes a nominally claimed piston and
cylinder combination, or a nominally claimed piston or
cylinder, per se, where the claim is otherwise directed to a
packing or sealing means between relatively movable surfaces
of said cylinder and piston or on said cylinder or piston.
Class 92 takes such devices, where some details of the
cylinder or piston is set forth in the claim. However,
structure of such device which is solely intended to
cooperate with the packing or sealing means is not considered
a detail of the device for Class 92, and is classified in
Class 277. A device including either a flexible cup or flange
type sealing member combined with a supporting body structure
is classified in Class 92 where such device is disclosed as a
piston for either a pump or motor. Such sealing structure
either claimed, per se, or combined with a supporting body
structure and disclosed as a device other than a piston for a
pump or motor is classified in Class 277.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, 201 for expanding fluid
thermometers. Class 374 takes, expanding fluid bulb or
expansible chamber driving an indicator. Such a bulb or
chamber with an indeterminate load is classified in Class 60,
subclasses 516+; an expansible chamber, per se, is in Class
92; and a bulb, per se, is in Class 428, subclass 35.
384, Bearings, appropriate subclasses for bearings and
guides. Class 384 takes a nominally claimed piston and
cylinder combination as a guide and slide where the claim is
otherwise directed to a specific surface structure of one, or
both of said elements to form a bearing surface. Further the
combination of a nominal cylinder having an opening in an end
wall thereof slidably receiving a piston rod is considered a
slide and guide and classified in Class 384, Class 92 takes
the above combination where the piston is claimed. 429 for a
crankshaft bearing support. Class 384 takes an engine
crankcase enclosing and supporting bearings for a crankshaft,
the inclusion of a nominal cylinder, or cylinders does not
preclude classification in Class 384. Class 384 takes a
nominal piston, or cylinder where the claim is otherwise
directed to a specific surface structure to form a bearing
surface.
403, Joints and Connections, particularly 230 for a rod
connected to a base plate or head. Class 403 takes the
combination of a nominally claimed piston and means for
either pivotally or rigidly mounting a rod thereto where the
subject matter claimed amounts to no more than a connection
between a rod or a means to pivotally mount a rod and a
tubular or cup-shaped member. Class 92 takes such combination
where some detail of the piston other than that which is
utilized solely for the purpose of effecting the joint or
connection between the piston and the rod or rod mounting
member is claimed. For example, claimed features involving
sealing means on the piston, specific piston forming
material, ribs or fins on the piston other than those
utilized to support or mount the rod or rod mounting means on
the piston, or structure in which a portion of the rod or rod
mounting means extends through the piston end face are
considered as piston details and are classified in Class 92.
417, Pumps, and see the class definition of Class 417, for a
statement of the line.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for
planetary gear transmissions, per se. The same line exists
between Class 92 and Class 475 as exists between Class 92 and
Class 74.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated controls between an engine and a
transmission, clutch, or brake. Class 477 was formed from
patents in Classes 74 and 192 and so the same line exists
between Class 91 and Class 477 as exists between Class 91 and
Classes 74 and 192.
604, Surgery, 218 for piston and cylinder type hypodermic
device, and subclasses 212+ for a pump type syringe. Class
604, Surgery, provides for a device which includes no more
than a piston and cylinder or other type of expansible
chamber device, or any subcombination thereof, but in which
the sole specific disclosure or claim is directed to a
hypodermic dosing device or syringe.
GLOSSARY:
CYLINDER
A rigid external member which permanently surrounds the
piston, the latter constituting a relatively moving wall for
the expansible chamber, the other walls of which are formed
by the cylinder, and the cylinder ordinarily including the
abutment or reaction surface against which the motive fluid
acts, or the piston forming the abutment for the cylinder
when the cylinder is movable and the piston fixed. However,
the abutment or reaction surface for the piston need not
necessarily be formed by the cylinder but may be formed by a
second relatively movable opposed piston within the
cylinder.
END FACE
The end face of the piston consists of the portion thereof
which is opposite the abutment of reaction surface of the
cylinder and which is adapted to contact the working fluid.
NONWORKING CHAMBER
Any space within a part of an expansible chamber device which
is not designed to receive working fluid for acting upon the
working member, or for being acted upon by the working
member.
PISTON
A working member which has relative sliding sealing
engagement with the encompassing wall of a cylinder type
working chamber. The principal parts of a piston consist of
an end face portion and a side wall portion which are defined
as follows:
SIDE WALL
The side wall of the piston consists of that portion which is
opposite the wall of the cylinder which slidably engages the
piston.
WORKING CHAMBER
The space in an expansible chamber device which includes the
working member and which is adapted to receive working fluid
for acting upon the working member, or for being acted upon
by the working member.
WORKING FLUID
The fluid which is admitted into or withdrawn from the
expansible chamber to effect movement of the working member,
or the fluid which is either drawn into or expelled from the
expansible chamber responsive to movement of the working
member.
WORKING MEMBER
The wall portion of the expansible chamber of an expansible
chamber device which is acted upon by the working fluid to be
moved thereby to change the volume of the chamber and produce
a mechanical force output, or which, having a mechanical
force applied thereto is moved to change the volume of the
chamber to either draw fluid into or expel fluid from the
chamber. The term includes the movable wall portion and any
part which is immovably fixed thereto (e.g., piston rod).
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including temperature responsive means associated
with the expansible chamber device, said means being
effective to overcome or counteract a pressure change, which
effects the expansion or contraction of the expansible
chamber device, resulting from a change in the ambient
temperature adjacent the expansible chamber device, or a
change in the temperature of the working fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 708 for a fluid pressure
gauge provided with temperature compensating means.
137, Fluid Handling, 79 for temperature compensating means
for a fluid handling apparatus.
Subclass:
2
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising two or more working members which are
movable with respect to each other, said working members
being operatively associated with a single member designed to
transmit the mechanical force exerted by said working
members, one of said working members being effective to
impart longitudinal movement to said element, and a second
said working member being effective to impart rotary motion
to said element about the longitudinal axis thereof
independently of the longitudinal movement imparted by said
first working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 61 for a
rotary type expansible chamber device combined with a
reciprocating working member.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 108 for means to
rotate a reciprocated impact delivering tool, said means
comprising a separate reciprocating type motors.
Subclass:
3
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a first rotary element driven by a
source of power, a second rotary element connected to the
working member to drive same, and means to selectively engage
or disengage said first and second rotary elements to connect
or disconnect the working member and source of power.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 319 for pumps having disengageable
rotary drive connections. For the relationship between Class
92 and Class 417 see section III of the class definition of
Class 417.
Subclass:
5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including (1) an indicator, register, recorder or
alarm responsive to a condition of operation or position of a
part of the expansible chamber device or of the working fluid
or (2) a window in a wall of an expansible chamber device
part to permit inspection of normally hidden portions of said
part or of the working fluid.
(1) Note. An expansible chamber device part made of a
material which may be transparent (e.g., a glass piston or
cylinder) is excluded, unless the disclosure specifies that
such material was used for the purpose of allowing inspection
of interior portions of said part.
(2) Note. A visible element associated with an expansible
chamber device (e.g., fastening or securing means for an
expansible chamber device parts) which is specifically
intended to become distorted when some malfunction of some
part of the expansible chamber device occurs to indicate such
malfunction is included under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 1 for a
signal, indicator or inspection window to indicate a
condition of operation of an expansible chamber type motor.
340, Communications: Electrical, 500 for electrical
automatic condition responsive indicating systems.
Subclass:
6
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the expansible chamber device is provided
with means whereby the area of the working member end face
which is acted upon by the working fluid or which acts upon
the working fluid during movement of the working member may
be selectively changed.
Subclass:
7
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means movable with the working member,
said means comprising a portion which moves in an arcuate
path between end limit positions corresponding to the end
limits of the working member stroke, said means being
effective during the first half of the working member stroke
and while said portion moves toward a center position between
said end positions to exert a force in a direction resisting
the movement of the working member, and during the last half
of the working member stroke while said portion moves away
from said center position to exert a force in an opposite
direction to assist the movement of the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 192.1 for compensating
means for an internal combustion engine.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a body of nonworking fluid adapted to
flow as a result of working member movement and incident to
said flow to retard or stop the movement of the working
member, and means for varying the flow of the nonworking
fluid.
(1) Note. A mere compressible fluid spring provided with
valve means to allow entry of make-up fluid in the spring is
excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
134 for a fluid spring for biasing a working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 41 for
correlated control of motive fluid, and locking means for the
working member of an expansible chamber device.
188, Brakes, 297 for fluid type brake or dashpot; Class 188
takes the nominal recitation of a cylinder and piston and a
fluid brake or dashpot therefor.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in
which the body of fluid is positioned in an enclosure having
a movable partition therein which is in sliding sealing
engagement with the enclosure wall providing a pair of
chambers, said partition being secured for movement with the
working member, fluid passage means extending between said
chambers for placing said chambers in fluid communication
with each other, and flow varying means positioned in said
passage means.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in
which the flow varying means is controlled in response to the
working member attaining a certain position in the working
chamber.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Apparatus
including a second means for varying the flow of the non
working fluid, said second means being adapted to be
selectively moved and held to different flow varying
positions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12 for a means to control the flow of nonworking arresting
fluid for a working member comprising an adjustable
throttle.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Apparatus in
which the flow varying means is adapted to be selectively
moved and held in different flow varying positions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11 for a working member position control of flow of
nonworking arresting fluid for working member provided with
an auxiliary adjustable throttle. Note section IV of the
class definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this Class.
Subclass:
12.1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising two or more cylinders, each cylinder
being provided with a relatively reciprocating piston
(includes diaphragm) to thereby form a plurality of
expansible chambers, the cylinders or a transmission element
in common operative engagement with said cylinders or pistons
being adapted for continuous rotation about a fixed axis;
said cylinders being physically arranged in a manner such
that their longitudinal axes either (1) intersect at a common
point or (2) extend parallel to said axis of rotation; there
being provided means to selectively vary either the extent or
end limits of reciprocatory movement between said cylinders
and their respective relatively reciprocating pistons.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 473 for
expansible chamber type motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis in which means are provided for
controlling the drive transmission of the motor in response
to a sensed condition and subclasses 497+ for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in radial relationship with a rotary transmission axis and
means for varying the relative reciprocatory stroke between
the motor cylinders and pistons.
417, Pumps, 218 for means for controlling an adjustable cam
or linkage in a pump drive transmission in response to a
sensed condition.
Subclass:
12.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1. Apparatus in
which the longitudinal axes of said plural cylinders are
parallel to and spaced from said axis of rotation.
(1) Note. This definition is not intended to include
displacement control in response to a sensed condition (e.g.,
speed or motive fluid condition responsive).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 473 for
expansible chamber type motors having three or more cylinders
arranged in parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a
rotary transmission axis in which means are provided for
controlling the drive transmission of the motor in response
to a sensed condition and subclasses 504+ for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in parallel relationship with a rotary transmission axis and
means for varying the relative reciprocatory stroke between
the motor cylinders and pistons.
417, Pumps, 222.1 for means for controlling an adjustable
axial pump operating cam in the pump drive transmission in
response to a sensed condition.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means associated with the expansible
chamber device, said means being adapted to be selectively
positioned or moved and held in different positions to either
change the extent or vary the end limits of reciprocatory
movement of the working member relative to the working
chamber.
(1) Note. Means which acts to positively lock a working
member in both directions of reciprocatory movement is not
considered to be a stroke varying device under this
definition, such subject matter being classified in
subclasses 15+ below.
(2) Note. An expansible chamber device having means to vary
the displacement thereof and in which it cannot be determined
whether the expansible chamber device is of the Class 92 or
Class 418 type will be classified under this definition.
(3) Note. Included under this definition are diaphragm or
bellows type working members which are reciprocated to cause
expansion or contraction of the chamber formed thereby.
(4) Note. This definition is not intended to include stroke
control in response to a sensed condition (e.g., speed or
motive fluid condition).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for plural relatively movable working members in which
one of said working members is moved by a second working
member through a separating abutment connection.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 167 for an
expansible chamber motor comprising a unit having separately
controlled working chambers the extension of which equals the
sum of the individual chamber extension.
417, Pumps, 499 for means to effect control of a pumping
member controlled port at different positions of the pumping
member stroke by changing the extent or varying the end
limits of the pumping member reciprocatory path.
Subclass:
13.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the means which is moved or positioned to change the
extent of movement of the working member is actuated by a
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 506 for a
motor operated means to adjust the angle of inclination of a
reaction plate for plural radial cylinders for the purpose of
varying working chamber displacement.
Subclass:
13.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the expansible chamber is defined in part by a
deformable wall, movement of said deformable wall being
caused by or effecting expansion and contraction of the
chamber.
(1) Note. The deformable wall of the above definition may be
either (1) fabricated of flexible material or (2) formed by a
plurality or relatively movable rigid members hinged together
in a manner such that relative pivotal movement thereof is
caused by or effects expansion and contraction of the
chamber.
Subclass:
13.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the extent of movement of said working member is
changed relative to and independent of the extent of movement
of another relatively movable working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 429 for plural pumps having a common
drive and means for altering the stroke of one relative to
another.
Subclass:
13.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the means which is moved or positioned to change the
extent of movement of the working member is limited to be
moved and held or positioned in one or more preselected
adjustment locations and not capable of being held or
positioned in locations other than or intermediate of said
preselected positions.
Subclass:
13.41
This subclass is indented under subclass 13.3. Apparatus in
which the means which is moved or positioned to change the
extent of working member movement comprises an element which
is either (1) removed from the device and replaced therein in
a different position or location, (2) removed from the device
or, (3) assembled to the device.
Subclass:
13.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the means which is selectively positioned or moved and
held in different positions changes the extent of
reciprocatory movement of a single working member in one
stroke direction only; there being provided additional means
which is selectively positioned or moved and held in
different positions for changing the extent of reciprocatory
movement of said working member in the other stroke
direction, said additional means being selectively
positionable or movable separately and irrespective of
movement of said first mentioned means.
Subclass:
13.51
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the working member forms a pair of axially spaced
working faces which are normally rigidly interconnected, the
selectively positionable or movable means being effective to
change the axial spacing of said working faces for the
purpose of changing the extent of reciprocatory movement of
said working member.
Subclass:
13.6
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which the means which is selectively positioned or moved to
change the extent of working member movement comprises an
element having a portion which is positioned within the
confines of the working chamber and exposed to working fluid
therein; the portion of said element within the working
chamber being either (1) fixed against movement by the
working member and engageable therewith to limit the extent
of working member movement or (2) positioned on the working
member for movement therewith and engageable with a fixed
member (e.g., cylinder end wall) for limiting the extent of
working member movement.
Subclass:
13.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which there is provided means for transmitting motion to or
from the working member comprising at least one element
(e.g., cam, gear, link, etc.), which is mechanically
associated with and movable relative to the working member;
the selectively positionable or movable means for changing
the extent of working member movement being operatively
associated with said relatively movable transmission element
to either (1) limit the motion of said element for changing
the extent or varying the end limits of working member or (2)
change the driving relationship of said element relative to
the working member or another element of the transmission for
the purpose of changing the extent or varying the end limits
of working member movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.1 for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial or
conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis and
having means which is selectively movable to adjust a
relatively movable transmission element for varying the
displacement of the cylinder working chambers.
Subclass:
13.8
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Apparatus in
which there is provided an element carried by piston type
working member which extends axially therefrom to a location
exterior of the working chamber (e.g., piston rod), the
portion of said element exterior of said working chamber
being provided with screw threads for threadably engaging the
means which is positionable or moved and held for changing
the extent of working member movement.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising an element positioned to be moved by a
working member, said working member being capable of limited
relative motion with respect to said element, and means
engageable with said element to prevent movement thereof,
said means being engageable by said working member during the
initial portion of its stroke to disengage said means from
operative position with respect to said element to allow
movement of said element in response to further movement of
said working member.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means engageable between a working
member or a member moved thereby and a fixed part, said means
when engaged being effective to prevent the movement of said
working member relative to said part in at least one
direction of its movement at some point along the path of
travel thereof, said means being selectively disengageable to
permit movement of the working member in such direction.
(1) Note. The movement preventing means may be held in
operative working member movement preventing position by the
working fluid in the working chamber, or may be released from
such operative position by such working fluid.
(2) Note. The movement preventing means may hold the working
member against movement either from the action of a
mechanical force exerted thereon or from a force exerted
thereon by working fluid acting against the end face
thereof.
(3) Note. For classification under this definition the means
must be released before any movement of the working member in
the direction in which it is held against movement can occur.
A mere resilient detente which is releasable responsive to a
movement of the working member is excluded from this
definition. Such structure is classified in subclass 30.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for a means to control the flow of nonworking arresting
fluid for the working member.
13 for an adjustable or disengageable stop or abutment means
for varying the extent of reciprocatory movement of the
working member.
30 for a resilient detente engageable between a fixed part
and a working member or a member moved thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 41 for a
correlated control of motive fluid, and locking means for the
working member of an expansible chamber motor.
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses for a brake or latch, per
se, and particularly subclass 67 for a brake or latch for a
rod. Class 188 takes a nominally claimed piston and cylinder,
if the claim is otherwise directed to a brake or latch means
for holding the piston against movement relative to the
cylinder.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus
including means for actuating the movement preventing means,
said first means being capable of causing a predetermined
period of time to elapse before actuation of the movement
preventing means is effected.
(1) Note. A device in which the movement preventing means is
actuated by a fluid pressure responsive member, which device
includes adjustable throttling means in a fluid conduit to
said fluid pressure responsive member to regulate the flow of
fluid to said member to vary the time required to
sufficiently increase the fluid pressure to said member to
actuate the movement preventing means after initiating flow
of such fluid in the conduit, is included under this
definition.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus
comprising an element having the axis thereof coinciding with
the axis of the working member, said element being connected
to the working member so that reciprocation of the working
member effects relative rotation between said working member
and element, and in which the movement preventing means is
adapted to engage said element to prevent rotation thereof
relative to said working member, and thereby prevent movement
of the working member.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in
which the movement preventing means comprises an element
having intermeshing engagement with the working member or
member moved thereby, said element being adapted to intermesh
with said working member or member moved thereby at plural
predetermined spaced locations corresponding to spaced
locations of the working member along its path of travel, at
least one of said locations corresponding to a position
between the opposite extremities of said path of travel.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Apparatus in
which means are provided to bias the intermeshing element
toward engaging position with the working member or member
moved thereby, so that the intermeshing element is self
engaging as the working member or member moved thereby
reaches one of said predetermined locations.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus
comprising a member by which power is transmitted to or from
the working member, said member being connected to said
working member to permit relative movement therebetween and
in which the movement preventing means is adapted to engage
said member to prevent movement of said member and the
working member.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in
which the movement preventing means is movable either to
engage or disengage position by two or more separate means,
said means being distinct from each other and being operable
independently of each other.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus
comprising two or more working members which are movable with
respect to each other and movement preventing means to
prevent movement of each of said working members, said
movement preventing means for each of the working members
being actuated by another of said working members.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in
which said movement preventing means includes an element
providing intermeshing engagement between the working member
and a fixed member.
(1) Note. A member projected into a cylinder in a direction
transverse to the direction of movement of the piston to
overlie an end face of the piston to prevent movement thereof
past said member is considered as intermeshing with the
piston and is included in this subclass.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in
which the intermeshing element is moved to or from, or
retained in working member movement preventing relationship
by means of a member which is movable relative to said
intermeshing element, said member being movable responsive to
the action of a pressure fluid.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus
including a mechanical motion converting means including a
pivoted link between the intermeshing element and the fluid
pressure actuated member so that motion of the member will be
transmitted to said intermeshing element through said pivoted
link.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus in
which the element is formed of flexible resilient material.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus in
which the intermeshing element is moved to or from
intermeshing relationship with the working member responsive
to the action of a pressure fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for an intermeshing movement preventing means actuated by
a relatively movable fluid pressure responsive member.
28 for a fluid actuated releasable stop or latch means for a
working member.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Apparatus in
which the disengageable means is moved to or from working
member movement preventing relationship responsive to the
action of a pressure fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 for an intermeshing movement preventing means actuated by
a relatively movable fluid pressure responsive member.
27 for an intermeshing movement preventing means actuated by
a pressure fluid. Note the class definition, Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And
Subcombination Subclasses, and the paragraph following the
title in the schedule of this class.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the working member is provided with a
passage extending axially therethrough, and including an
element designed to transmit movement to or from the working
member, said element extending through the passage and
mounted for sliding movement relative to the working member,
and releasable interengaging means for selectively coupling
or uncoupling the working member to the element to allow or
prevent relative movement between said working member and
element.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a spring biased member having
cooperative intermeshing engagement between the working
member or a member moved thereby and a relatively movable
element, the intermeshing engagement being such that relative
movement between the working member or the member moved
thereby and the relatively movable element effects
disengagement of the spring biased member from cooperative
intermeshing engagement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for a resiliently biased latching means for a working
member which latching means must be released before movement
of the working member can occur.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising an element positioned with the axis
thereof coinciding with or parallel to the axis of the
working member, said working member and element being
slidably interengaged and including cooperating means
therebetween such that (1) said element has rotary movement
and the working member has rectilinear movement or (2) the
element is fixed and the working member has both rotary and
rectilinear movement.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 25 for a mechanical
movement for converting reciprocatory motion to or from
rotary motion, and particularly subclasses 55+ for a cam and
slide for converting reciprocatory motion to or from rotary
motion. Class 74 takes such mechanical movements even though
a piston and cylinder are nominally recited.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 233 for a
valveless expansible chamber type motor, in which the control
of the motive fluid is effected by rotary motion of the
working member responsive to the reciprocation thereof.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 45 for an
internal combustion engine provided with a piston which
rotates responsive to the reciprocation thereof.
417, Pumps, subclass 492 and 500, for a pump provided with a
piston which simultaneously reciprocates and axially
rotates.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus
comprising means engageable between the element and a fixed
part, and being effective to allow rotation of the element
relative to the fixed part in one direction of movement of
the working member, and to prevent rotation of said element
relative to the fixed part in the other direction of movement
of the working member, said means being moved to or from
engaged position responsive to the action of the working
fluid for the expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Apparatus in
which the element is positioned to extend through a portion
of the working member in some position of axial movement of
the working member.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a flexible structure which is capable of
expanding to increase the volumetric capacity thereof, said
structure comprising (1) a tube of flexible material having a
circumferentially corrugated or pleated wall, (2) at least
two annular plates arranged in superposed relation, said
plates being hingedly secured together in sealed relation
along their inner peripheral edges only or (3) a pair of
rigid plate like members pivoted together along a portion of
their peripheral edges, the remaining peripheral edge portion
of said plates being joined together by a flexible member
which is pleated in some position of relative pivotal
movement of the plate like members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
89 for a collapsible wall type expansible chamber device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 262 for a volume or rate of flow
meter which includes a bellows type expansible chamber, and
subclass 729.1 for a bellows type fluid pressure gauge.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 18 for a flexible sealing
element of the bellows type attached to a relatively movable
rod and casing.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 510 for a line condition
change responsive valve having a separate connected fluid
reactor surface in which the reactor surface comprises a
bellows.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 21 for a
corrugated flexible tube, or pipe of general utility. Class
92, Expansible Chamber Devices takes a corrugated tubular
member where the sole specific disclosure or a claim is
directed to a bellows element for an expansible chamber
device.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, 61 for a valve having a
flexible wall fluid actuator including a bellows type
expansible chamber device.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, 226 for a bellows type
flexible joint between rigid members.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 203 for a
bellows type thermometer.
417, Pumps, 472 for expansible chamber type pump
incorporating a bellows element.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
comprising two concentrically arranged bellows defining a
ring shaped expansible chamber therebetween.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including a second expansible chamber device other than a
bellows type.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
comprising two or more bellows type expansible chamber
devices.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the plural bellows expansible chambers are provided
with passage means establishing communication between the
chambers formed by the several bellows, and including a body
of nonworking liquid contained within said bellows chambers
such that contraction of one of the bellows will cause such
liquid to flow into a second bellows to thereby cause
expansion of such second bellows.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the several bellows type expansible chambers are
provided with a wall secured to adjacent ends of the chambers
to form a closure wall for each of said chambers, said wall
being movable responsive to expansion or contraction of
either chamber.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including a separate means other than the working fluid
associated with the bellows type expansible chamber for
continuously exerting a force in one direction of movement of
said bellows type expansible chamber.
(1) Note. The separate means as set forth in this definition
does not include the inherent resiliency of the material
forming the bellows, but must include a separate member
(e.g., spring) which member may be secured to or embedded in
the wall of the bellows.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
94 for a separate biasing means for a flexible wall type
working member.
130 and the search there noted, for a separate biasing means
for a working member.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including means designed to subdue vibrations incurred in the
bellows type expansible chamber wall during expansion or
contraction of such bellows.
(1) Note. A mere spring designed to bias the bellows in one
position of its movement is excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for a spring biasing means for a bellows expansible
chamber device.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including a ring-like member positioned to abut against the
bellows type expansible chamber wall at the apex of a pleat
thereof, said ring-like member forming a means for
restraining radial movement of said pleat portion.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including means associated with the bellows type expansible
chamber wall and axially movable therewith, said means being
engageable with a fixed member lying in the path of travel of
the bellows type expansible chamber wall to arrest movement
of said bellows type expansible chamber wall after a
predetermined extent of axial movement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13.2 for an adjustable means for limiting axial movement of
a flexible wall type working member to vary the stroke of
said working member.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus
including a rigid member extending parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the bellows type expansible chamber
device, said bellows type expansible chamber device having a
portion thereof slidably engaged with said rigid member, said
member functioning to constrain said bellows device to a path
of travel extending parallel to the longitudinal axis
thereof.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus in
which the pleated portion includes a pair of superposed ring
shaped elements having the inner peripheral portion thereof
secured together.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Apparatus in
which a portion of the ring shaped elements or the means
forming the connection between the elements include a
nonmetallic material.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Apparatus in
which the bellows wall is formed of (1) two or more different
materials, (2) a single material which has been treated to
provide portions of the bellows wall with specific properties
which are different from the properties of another portion
thereof or (3) claimed as of a specific material.
(1) Note. In part (3) the mere recitation that the bellows
wall is formed, for example, of "flexible material",
"rubber", "leather" or "plastic" is not considered as
specific material and is excluded from this subclass.
However, specifying a kind of rubber, or plastic is
considered a recitation of a specific material for this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
103 for a flexible diaphragm type working member of specific
or diverse material.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising two or more working members, each of
said working members having a portion of the wall thereof
formed of material which is pliable, and in which the flexing
of said pliable material constitutes the movement of said
working member.
(1) Note. A device comprising plural axially spaced flexible
wall members having working surface areas of the same size
and forming the sole means for dividing an encompassing
housing into separate working chambers, and in which movement
of one flexible wall member is transmitted to the second
flexible wall members as a result of having said flexible
wall members in face to face contact, or spaced with an
interposed rigid element, or body of incompressible fluid to
form in effect a single diaphragm is excluded from this
definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 for plural flexible wall working members of the bellows
type.
97 for a flexible diaphragm comprising a pair of axially
spaced flexible walls provided with a noncompressible force
transmitting means therebetween.
103 for a flexible wall working member formed of a plurality
of superposed laminae of flexible material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 263 for a volume or rate of flow
meter of the diaphragm or collapsible chamber wall type
having a plurality of diaphragms, and subclasses 716+ for a
fluid pressure gauge including plural and/or differential
diaphragms.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in
which each working member comprises a relatively thin
membrane like member peripherally secured to an encompassing
tubular structure and extending inwardly from said
peripherally secured edge portion forming a partition for
said tubular structure, and in which the surface area of one
working member adapted to contact the working fluid is larger
than the working fluid contacting surface area of a second of
said working members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 716 for an expansible chamber
type fluid pressure gage having plural, differential
diaphragms.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Apparatus in
which the working members form opposite walls of a chamber
which is adapted to contain the working fluid, said working
members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber
device.
(1) Note. A unitary bag-like flexible wall working member is
excluded from this subclass, such subject matter is
classified below as indicated in the Search Notes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 and 75, for plural relatively movable working members of
the nonflexible wall type forming opposite walls of a common
chamber.
91 for a bag-like flexible wall working member.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a first cylinder or elongated tubular
element, a member positioned in said first cylinder or
tubular element in coaxial relationship therewith, and a
second cylinder for receiving said first cylinder or tubular
element therein, said member sealingly engaging said first
cylinder or tubular element and being axially slidable
relative thereto and said second cylinder sealingly engaging
said first cylinder or tubular element and being axially
slidable relative thereto and to said member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113 for a member slidable within a hollow piston rod, but
being in nonsealing relationship therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 115 for a
fluid pressure operated relatively movable shaft assembly.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 169 for an
expansible chamber type motor in which the chamber is formed
of mutually relatively movable cylinder, sleeve and piston.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus in
which said first cylinder or tubular element is so arranged
in the device as to constitute a working member.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Apparatus
including an additional cylinder receiving said second
cylinder therein in coaxial relationship, said second
cylinder sealingly engaging said additional cylinder and
being axially slidable relative thereto.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a cylinder having a piston therein, said
cylinder being mounted on a fixed supporting structure for
movement during operation relative thereto in a circular path
of more than 360 degrees about an axis other than the
longitudinal axis of the cylinder, said movement being
responsive to or causing the expansion or contraction of the
expansible chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for a cylinder which is adapted to rotate about its
longitudinal axis responsive to relative axial movement of a
piston therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 196 for an expansible
chamber type motor having a moving cylinder.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 43 for an internal
combustion engine having a rotating cylinder.
417, Pumps, 462 for an expansible chamber type pump having a
cylinder which rotates about an axis other than the
longitudinal axis of the cylinder.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Apparatus
comprising a conduit for conducting fluid to or from said
cylinder, the axis of said conduit coinciding with the axis
of rotation of said cylinder.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Apparatus
comprising two or more cylinders mounted for movement about
said axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.1 for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or
conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis with
means to adjust the working chamber displacement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 472 for an expansible
chamber type motor having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
417, Pumps, 269 for an expansible chamber type pump having
three or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or
conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in
which the several cylinders are positioned with the axes
thereof parallel to each other and in which the axis of the
circular path extends in a direction parallel to the axes of
the several cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.2 for plural cylinders arranged in parallel relationship
with a rotary transmission axis and having means to adjust
the working chamber displacement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 499 for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in parallel relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
417, Pumps, subclass 269 for expansible chamber type pumps
having three or more cylinders arranged in parallel
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under subclass 56. Apparatus in
which the several cylinders are so positioned relative to
each other as to have the axes thereof intersect at a point
on said axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.1 for plural cylinders arranged in radial or conical
relationship with a rotary transmission axis and having means
to adjust the working chamber displacement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 491 for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in radial relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 44 for an
internal combustion engine having a plurality of radially
disposed rotating cylinders.
417, Pumps, subclass 273 for expansible chamber type pumps
having three or more cylinders arranged in radial
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
58.1
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which either (1) the expansible chamber device
or power transmission portion thereof is adapted to be
rearranged for storage purposes or (2) the expansible chamber
device is provided with a conduit for conducting working
fluid to or from the chamber and means to return the conduit
to or retain the conduit in a nonuse or stored position.
(1) Note. The mere movement of a power transmission element
(e.g., handle) to an extreme nonuse position is excluded
under this definition. However, a power transmission having
features provided for the express purpose of allowing compact
storage (e.g., sectionally hinged or telescoping portions of
an operating lever or means for permitting ease of
disassembly of an operating lever) is considered proper
subject matter under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, 355.16 for apparatus for storing or
retrieving a flexible conduit which is not combined with a
claimed expansible chamber device.
239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing, 195 for
apparatus having a flexible conduit and terminal member and
means for returning or retaining the flexible conduit or
terminal member. Also, see section III (b) of the Class 239
definition for a statement regarding various related
subcombinations.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus (A) adapted to be rearranged to perform a different
function or (B) adapted to be altered so as to operate in a
different way or change its function in some way by (1)
disassembling the device in some major portion and then
reassembling the device with the same or different portion,
(2) disassembling some major portion from the device, or (3)
assembling some major portion to the device.
(1) Note. A mere adjustment of some part of the expansible
chamber device, such as for example, an adjustable spring
used to bias a working member in a direction of its movement,
or a radially adjustable piston side wall portion is excluded
from this definition, such features being classified below.
(2) Note. A portion of an expansible chamber device, such as
for example a working chamber liner which is adapted to be
reversed, replaced, removed or added to present a new working
member engaging surface but which does not change the mode of
operation of the expansible chamber device is excluded from
this subclass, however where such change effects a change in
the size or shape of the expansible chamber device,
classification is in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for an expansible chamber device in which the effective
area of the working member end face is selectively variable.
13.41 for adjusting working member stroke by assembly or
disassembly of a portion of the device.
128 for an expansible chamber device provided with special
means, or so constructed as to facilitate the assembly or
disassembly thereof.
133 and the search there noted for an adjustable spring
device for biasing a working member in one direction of its
movement.
169 for a replaceable or reversible cylinder liner.
201 for a piston having a radially adjustable side wall
portion and especially subclass 204 for means to adjust the
side wall portion radially comprising a shim element which
may be selectively inserted or removed from between
relatively movable piston portions.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a movable wall for the expansible chamber
device other than a working member positioned to be in
constant open communication with the working chamber, said
movable wall being either (1) made of resilient flexible
material or (2) urged in one direction by means of a spring
device.
Subclass:
60.5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising selectively adjustable means to change
the volume of the expansive chamber remaining after the
working member has reached the limit of its movement in a
chamber decreasing direction, said means not involving a mere
stroke of the working member.
(1) Note. The adjustment usually involves a selective
movement of a chamber wall or the opening or closing of a
valve between the expansible chamber and a blind chamber,
i.e., clearance chamber.
(2) Note. This definition excludes an expansible chamber
pump or motor having a valved clearance chamber in which the
valve is controlled in response to a pump or motor condition.
Such pump or motor is classified in the appropriate pump or
motor class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13 for means to adjust the stroke of a working member or the
end limits of the stroke of a working member relative to the
chamber.
60 for a flexible or resiliently biased nonworking member
wall in constant communication with the working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 48, for internal
combustion engines having clearance control means which is
responsive to an engine condition.
417, Pumps, 274 for pumps having clearance control means
which is responsive to a pump condition.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising two or more working members which are
movably related to each other.
(1) Note. A fluid responsive element which is movable
relative to the working member, of an expansible chamber
device and which is utilized to perform work solely for use
by a part of the expansible chamber device, such as for
example, to adjust a part of the working member, or to effect
a seal or a lubricating means between expansible chamber
device parts is not considered as a working member movable
relative to the working member of the expansible chamber
device being acted upon or modified by such element, and is
excluded from this subclass. Such structure is classified
below on other features.
(2) Note. Class 92 excludes multiple expansion type motors
and multistage pumps even if no valving is claimed if the
claims do include the fluid connection between stages of the
motor or pump.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for relatively movable working members which reciprocate
and rotate a common power transmission element.
28 and the search there noted, for a working member which is
movable relative to a second working member and which
operates a latch or lock to secure said second working member
against movement.
37 for plural bellows type expansible chamber devices in
which the several bellows are movable relative to each
other.
48 for plural flexible wall working members in which the
several flexible wall working members are movable relative to
each other.
52 for relatively movable concentric working members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 152 for multiple
expansion type motors, subclasses 170+ for an expansible
chamber type motor, having relatively movable working members
with one controlled by, movably interconnected with or moved
by another; subclasses 508+ for an expansible chamber type
motor having plural working members.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 51 for an
internal combustion engine having a plurality of pistons.
417, Pumps, 244 for pumps having successive stages.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
comprising a first working member movable along a path, and a
second working member coaxial therewith, means on said first
working member normally free of force transmitting engagement
with said second working member at some point along the path
of travel of said first working member and adapted to contact
and move said second working member at some other point along
the path of travel of said first working member.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Apparatus
including a separate means other than the working fluid
associated with at least one of the working members for
continuously exerting a force in one direction of movement of
said working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
130 and the search there noted, for a separate biasing means
for a working member.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which one of said working members has at least a portion of
the wall thereof formed of material which is pliable, and in
which the flexing of said pliable material constitutes the
movement of said working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
36 for a bellows type expansible chamber device combined
with a nonbellows type expansible chamber device.
48 for plural flexible wall working members.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
comprising a first working member provided with a rigid stem
extending axially therefrom, and a second working member
provided with an opening extending axially therethrough, said
rigid stem on said first working member extending slidably
through said opening as said working members move relative to
each other.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which (1) the relatively movable working members comprise
movably mounted cylinders or (2) the relatively movable
working members are disposed in movably mounted cylinders.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for a plurality of cylinders which rotate during relative
reciprocatory movement of said cylinders and pistons
positioned therein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 176 for
relatively movable working members including moving cylinders
provided with fluid control means.
417, Pumps, subclass 467 for expansible chamber type pumps
having plural relatively movable cylinders.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which the working members are of the type which move back and
forth in an arcuate path within a working chamber to effect
expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber, the
travel of said working members in one direction of said
arcuate path being limited to no more than 360 degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
66 for a plurality of reciprocating working members which
are positioned in movable cylinders which are mounted for
oscillatory movement in an arcuate path of not more than 360
degrees.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 177 for
relatively movable oscillating working members provided with
fluid control means.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus
including a shaft mounted for rotation, and a means (e.g.,
linkage or gearing) interconnecting said shaft and the
working members so that rotation of the shaft effects
reciprocatory motion of the working members, or reciprocatory
movement of the working members effects rotation of the
shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
12.1 for plural cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or
conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis with
means to adjust the working chamber displacement thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
mechanisms for converting one type of motion into another,
and particularly 25 for mechanisms for converting
reciprocating movement to or from rotary, and subclasses 640+
for means for converting one type of motion to another
involving gearing. Class 74 takes nominally recited pistons
and cylinders combined with a mechanical motion converting
linkage or gearing mechanism. For a further explanation of
the line between Class 74 and Class 92, see References to
Other Classes of the class definition.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 472 for an expansible
chamber type motor having three or more cylinders arranged in
parallel, radial, or conical relationship with a rotary
transmission axis.
417, Pumps, 269 for an expansible chamber type pump having
three or more cylinders arranged in parallel, radial, or
conical relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for
planetary gearing in a motion converting drive train.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in
which the working members form opposite walls of a chamber
which is adapted to receive the working fluid, said working
members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
75 for relatively movable working members forming opposite
walls of a common chamber.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Apparatus in
which the axes of the working members are coaxial or parallel
to each other and the axis of the shaft is parallel to the
axes of the working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for relatively movable working members interconnected
with a common rotatable shaft having the axis thereof
extending in a direction parallel to the axes of the working
members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 501 for
expansible chamber type motors having three or more cylinder
arranged in parallel relationship with a rotary transmission
axis in which the cylinders contain plural oppositely movable
pistons.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in
which the axes of the working members are parallel to each
other, and the axis of the shaft is parallel to the axes of
the working members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70 for relatively movable working members forming oppositely
movable walls of a common chamber and being interconnected by
a common rotatable shaft having the axis thereof extending
parallel to the axes of the working members. Note the class
definition, Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents
Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses, and the
paragraph following the title in the schedule of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 499 for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in parallel relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
417, Pumps, subclass 269 for expansible chamber type pumps
having three or more cylinders arranged in parallel
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Apparatus in
which the axis of the rotary shaft extends transversely to
the direction of movement of the working members, and the
longitudinal axes of the working members intersect the axis
of the shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 491 for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in radial relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
417, Pumps, subclass 273 for expansible chamber type pumps
having three or more cylinders arranged in radial
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Apparatus in
which the working members are so arranged relative to each
other that the longitudinal axes of the various working
members are parallel.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Apparatus in
which each of the relatively movable working members is
provided with an opening extending therethrough in a
direction perpendicular to the direction of a movement of the
working member, and the shaft extends through the opening in
each of the working members.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which the working members form opposite walls of a chamber
which is adapted to receive the working fluid, said working
members being movable toward and away from each other during
the contraction and expansion of the expansible chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
50 for a plurality of oppositely movable flexible wall
working members positioned in a common chamber. Note the
class definition, Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents
Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses, and the
paragraph following the title in the schedule of this class.
69 for oppositely moving working members in a common
chamber, said working members being connected to a common
rotatably mounted shaft. Note the class definition, Statement
Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving Combination And
Subcombination Subclasses, and the paragraph following the
title in the schedule of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 488 for an expansible chamber pump
having plural pumping members forming opposite walls of a
common pump chamber.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Apparatus in
which the working members are interconnected by means of a
mechanical motion converting linkage device having parts
which are movable relative to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68 for relatively movable working members interconnected by
mechanical motion converting means including a rotating
shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 186 for
similar structure combined with means to control the supply
of motive fluid to the working members.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising an enclosure or casing for forming the
working chamber of the expansible chamber device, said
enclosure or casing being positioned within a cavity in the
earth, the surrounding walls of said cavity being in contact
with and forming reinforcing means for said working chamber
forming enclosure or casing.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means for separating or filtering a
foreign material from a fluid which is adapted to contact a
portion of the working member to enhance the operation of
some portion of the expansible chamber device (e.g., working
fluid or lubricant).
(1) Note. Included under this definition are means for
removing a gaseous fluid from a hydraulic fluid, including
means for bleeding or venting a space designed to receive a
liquid, but which may have become filled with a gaseous
fluid.
(2) Note. Class 96 or Class 210 which are directed to fluid
purification take a fluid purification means (e.g., filter)
when claimed, per se, or in combination with an enclosure
even though disclosed as a cylinder or working chamber for an
expansible chamber device, regardless of the disclosed use of
such means. Class 96 or Class 210 also take the combination
of an expansible chamber device of the type set forth in the
class definition of the class (92), (A)(1), combined with
detailed means to purify the working fluid thereof positioned
either upstream or downstream of the expansible chamber
device unless there is a specific disclosure that such
purification is for the purpose of protecting some portion of
the expansible chamber device.
Class 92 takes the combination of an expansible chamber
device with a specific fluid purification means where such
purification means is specifically disclosed as protecting
some portion of the expansible chamber device. Class 92 also
takes the combination of an expansible chamber device and a
nominally recited purification means regardless of the
disclosed purpose of such means. Recitations such as "a
filter", "a filter in the inlet line", "a filter adjacent a
port or opening" are considered nominal recitations of a
purification means and patents containing such recitations
are classified in Class 92 regardless of the disclosed
purpose of such means.
(3) Note. The combination of an expansible chamber device of
the type set forth in the Class Definition of this class (92)
section (A)(1), with a nominally recited working fluid
purifying means of the type which constitutes subject matter
for Class 96 or Class 210 as set forth in (2) Note is
excluded from this subclass. For the purpose of
classification in Class 92, the nominal purifying means will
be ignored and classification will be on other features with
cross-referencing in appropriate subclasses in Class 96 or
Class 210.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, for apparatus for gas
separation. (See (2) Note and (3) Note above.)
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.86 for
crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine,
including fluid purifying means.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, appropriate
subclasses for means for separating from a liquid of any
character of material.
220, Receptacles, subclass 366.1 and 367.1+ for a vented
closure for a container in which the vented closure may
include filtering means. Class 220 takes a nominally recited
cylinder, crankcase or engine block provided with a specific
vented closure including filtering means.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Apparatus in
which the fluid is a liquid and the separating or filtering
means is adapted to remove a gaseous fluid entrained in said
liquid.
(1) Note. This subclass includes means for venting or
bleeding a gaseous fluid from a space designed to contain a
liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus, 155 for degasifying means for
liquid.
137, Fluid Handling, 171 for a fluid separating trap or
vent.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means such as a pump for exerting a force
upon a fluid to remove such fluid from a space in the
expansible chamber device, other than the working chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, 325 for a pump in communication with the
working chamber of an expansible chamber device where the
pump is more than nominally claimed. Class 60 takes such
combination even though the pump is disclosed for the purpose
of draining condensation or other extraneous fluid from the
working chamber.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.86 for
crankcase ventilation for an internal combustion engine,
including pump means to force fluid from the crankcase.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working member having a chamber formed
therein, said chamber being in open communication with the
working chamber through a restricted opening in said working
member end face and forming a storage space for a
noncompressible liquid type working fluid, said
noncompressible working fluid being effective to move said
working member upon being exhausted from said working member
chamber to said working chamber through said restricted
opening.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a passage communicating with a space in
the expansible chamber device other than the space which
forms the working chamber, and valve means for said passage
to control the egress of fluid from said space.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for a means to control the flow of nonworking arresting
fluid for a working member.
80 for force exerting means to move fluid from a nonworking
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.86 for
crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine,
including valve means to control the flow of fluid from the
crankcase.
220, Receptacles, subclass 44 for a vented closure for a
container in which the closure includes a valve. Class 220
takes a nominally recited cylinder crankcase or engine block
provided with a specific vented closure which includes a
valve means.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which a portion of the expansible chamber device
is provided with a space which contains a body of nonworking
liquid, the working member being provided with a portion
which extends into said liquid at all positions of movement
of said working member to form a seal between the working
chamber and a nonworking chamber space.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working member and a power
transmission member movable with respect thereto, a resilient
device interposed between and in engagement with said
members, said members being so related that movement of one
of said members is effective to move said other member by
means of said resilient element.
(1) Note. A mere resilient piston side wall portion which
forms a seal means for the piston positioned between an end
face portion and a second piston portion such that movement
of said end face portion toward said second portion effects
radial movement of said resilient portion is excluded from
this definition. Such subject matter is classified below on
other features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
130 and the search there noted, for a separate biasing means
for a working member.
193 for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between a piston end face portion and a relatively axially
movable other portion, and spring means for biasing said end
face portion and other portion toward each other to effect
radial movement of the resilient side wall portion.
205 for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between an end face portion and another piston portion in
which relative axial adjustment of said end face portion and
other portion effects radial movement of the resilient side
wall portion.
247 for a resilient piston side wall portion interposed
between an end face portion and another relatively axially
movable other piston portion in which fluid pressure
responsive axial movement of the end face portion effects
radial movement of the resilient side wall portion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 63.4 for an
expansible chamber valve actuator having a resilient means
interposed between the actuator and a relatively movable
valve.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means operable for a portion only of the
stroke of the working member, said means being effective to
cushion the movement of such working member over the portion
of the stroke in which it is effective.
(1) Note. A device (e.g., spring) which is effective over
the entire stroke of the working member to urge the working
member in one direction of its movement is excluded from this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for an overcenter means to bias a working member in
opposite directions over different portions of the stroke.
8 for a movement damping means including a flowing body of
fluid in which means are provided to control the flow of the
fluid.
41 for a vibration damping means for a bellows type
expansible chamber.
84 for a resilient element interposed between a working
member and a relatively movable power transmission element.
130 and the subclasses there noted, for a means for biasing
a working member over the entire stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 392 for a working
member stroke end cushioning means effected by control of the
motive fluid.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a passage means communicating with a
space in the expansible chamber device which is intended to
form a receiver for liquid which escapes from the working
chamber, said conduit forming a means for allowing escape of
such liquid from said space.
Subclass:
86.5
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in which the working chamber is defined by a
cylinder having a port or passage formed therein which
terminates in an opening on an interior longitudinal wall
portion of the cylinder which is adapted to be traversed by
the working member, said passage or port being provided for
the purpose of allowing entry of a nonworking fluid (e.g.,
sealant or lubricant) to the area of cylinder and working
member interengagement.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means for scraping, dissolving or
otherwise removing foreign matter from a part of an
expansible chamber device, said means being in nonsealing
relationship with said part of the expansible chamber device
from which such foreign matter is being removed.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising an elongated chamber for receiving a
reciprocating working member, the longitudinal wall of said
chamber being provided with an elongated opening extending
between the ends of the chamber through which a portion of
the working member is adapted to protrude and means
cooperating with said chamber wall adjacent the opening to
seal the opening adjacent said protruding portion.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a wall portion of an expansible chamber,
said wall portion being formed of flexible material or rigid
members hinged or interfitted together so that the members
are movable relative to each other; the flexing of the
material or the relative movement of the members constituting
the movement which effects the work function of the
expansible chamber.
(1) Note. As to portion (1) of this definition the sheet of
flexible material must be disclosed as of the type which
flexes or is distorted to cause expansion of the expansible
chamber. A member formed of flexible material such as a
flexible material piston which is disclosed as being slidable
in a chamber to cause expansion of the chamber is excluded.
Such devices are classified below on other features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for a bellows type expansible chamber wall.
48 for plural flexible wall working members.
64 for plural relatively movable working members in which
one of said working members is of the flexible wall type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 262 for a collapsible chamber
type fluid volume or rate of flow meter.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Apparatus in
which the wall portion is formed of flexible material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for a bellows type expansible chamber portion formed of
flexible material.
48 for plural flexible wall working members.
64 for plural relatively movable working members in which
one of said working members is of the flexible wall type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 262 for a flexible wall type,
expansible chamber volume or rate of flow meter, and
subclasses 715+ for a flexible wall type fluid pressure
gauge.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 18 for a flexible wall
type sealing element attached to a relatively movable rod and
casing.
222, Dispensing, 206 for a resilient wall type dispenser.
417, Pumps, subclass 474 for an expansible chamber type pump
having a progressively deformed elongated flexible wall.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus
comprising a bulb, bag, box or other container like enclosure
formed of flexible material, said enclosure being provided
with a relatively small opening in a wall thereof through
which working fluid may be admitted to or exhausted from the
enclosure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 150 for a flow starting means
for a siphon, comprising a collapsible bulb.
604, Surgery, 212 for a pump or squeeze bulb type syringe.
For a discussion of the line between Class 92 and Class 604,
see section III of the class definition (92).
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Apparatus in
which the box, bag or bulb member is formed of nonmetallic
material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 30 for a pressure
compensator comprising a flexible bag member, adapted to
expand and contract responsive to pressure surges.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus
comprising a pair of concentric rigid members, said members
being fixed with respect to each other and being radially
spaced from each other to provide a ring shaped space
therebetween and a ring shaped flexible wall portion spanning
said space and having the inner periphery thereof in sealing
engagement with the inner member and the outer periphery
thereof in sealing engagement with the outer member.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus
including a separate means other than the working fluid
associated with the flexible wall portion for continuously
exerting a force in one direction of movement of said
flexible wall portion.
(1) Note. The separate means as set forth in this definition
does not include the inherent resiliency of the material
forming the flexible wall portion, but must be a separate
member (e.g., spring).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for a separate biasing means for a bellows type working
member.
130 and the search there noted, for a separate biasing means
for a working member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 61.3, 61.4 and 61.5
for a flexible wall expansible chamber valve actuator and
valve which is provided with spring means for biasing the
flexible wall.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Apparatus in
which the force exerted by the means may be selectively
increased or decreased so that the force exerted on the
flexible wall portion by the means can be varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 for an adjustable separate biasing means for a working
member.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus
comprising a relatively thin membrane-like member having a
peripheral edge portion, said member being adapted to be
associated with a surrounding or encompassing tubular rigid
structure to extend transversely thereof to form a closing
wall for said tubular structure, the outer peripheral edge of
said membrane being in sealing relationship with the
encompassing wall of said tubular structure.
(1) Note. The membrane-like member need not span the entire
space within the encompassing wall of the tubular member, but
may be in the form of a ring or frustum having the inner
peripheral edge thereof in sealing engagement with a rigid
element movable relative to and coaxial with the encompassing
tubular member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 269 for a diaphragm type,
expansible chamber volume or rate of flow meter, subclasses
279+ for a diaphragm for an expansible chamber type volume or
rate of flow meter, and subclasses 715+ for a diaphragm for a
fluid pressure gauge.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 315.05 for a fluid handling
system with repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
for a diaphragm type pressure regulator, pressure-regulating
valve or reducing valve, subclass 315.07 for a fluid handling
system with means to assemble or disassemble a compressible
tube or diaphragm type valve, subclass 510 for a line
condition change responsive valve having a separate connected
fluid reactor surface in which the reactor surface is a
diaphragm, or subclasses 843-860 for a direct response line
condition change responsive valve formed of resilient
material.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 30 for a variable capacity
chamber including a diaphragm member forming a yieldable wall
for the chamber.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, 61 for a valve having a
flexible material wall expansible chamber reciprocating valve
actuator.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, subclass 225 for a diaphragm
type flexible joint between rigid members.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the diaphragm comprises two or more relatively thin
membranes positioned with one member overlying and spaced
from the other member, and means comprising a rigid element
or an incompressible fluid positioned between said members,
so that movement of one member is transmitted to said other
member through said rigid element or incompressible fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for a plurality of flexible wall working members of the
diaphragm type in which the diaphragms have different working
fluid contacting areas.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
181, Acoustics, 157 for a diaphragm for an acoustical
device.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the periphery of the diaphragm is directly secured
along all of its length against motion in any direction to
the wall of a rigid structure which forms the working chamber
for the diaphragm.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 278 for a diaphragm
mounting means for a diaphragm used in an expansible chamber
type volume or rate of flow meter.
181, Acoustics, 148 and 157+ for a diaphragm and mounting
therefor for an acoustical device.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus
including a rigid member spaced from the wall of the working
chamber and coaxial with such working chamber, said rigid
member being secured to a portion of the diaphragm lying
inwardly of the peripheral edge thereof.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Apparatus in
which said rigid member includes a pair of plate-like members
of the same area, said plate-like members being positioned on
opposite sides of the diaphragm.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus
comprising a rigid power transmission element positioned
within the working chamber, said element being unsecured to
the diaphragm (i.e., capable of movement with respect
thereto) and adapted to be abutted thereby.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Apparatus in
which a separate sealing gasket is interposed between the
peripheral portion of the diaphragm and the rigid structure.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the diaphragm is formed of (1) two or more different
materials, (2) a single material which has been treated to
provide portions of the diaphragm with specific properties
which are different from the properties of another portion
thereof or (3) claimed as of a specific material.
(1) Note. In part (3) the mere recitation that the diaphragm
is formed for example of "flexible material", "rubber",
"leather" or "plastic" is not considered a recitation of a
specific material and is excluded from this subclass.
However, specifying a kind of rubber or plastic is considered
specific material for this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for a bellows type expansible chamber portion formed of a
specific or diverse material. Note the Class Definition,
Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses, and the paragraph
following the title in the schedule of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate
subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a
single or plural layer web or sheet which may be nominally
claimed as a diaphragm, or which may be described as, or for
use as, a diaphragm. Class 428 takes a named diaphragm where
the claim is directed to no more than a single or plural
layer stock material provided for therein.
442, Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth,
etc.), 59 for fabric which is coated or impregnated and
subclasses 181+ for a woven fabric which may be bonded to a
second component.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Apparatus in
which the working fluid contacting face of the diaphragm is
provided with an embossment formed by having a portion of the
material thereof deformed out of the plane of said face.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Apparatus
comprising a rigid tubular member, a second rigid member
movable relative to said tubular member positioned within
said tubular member with the axis thereof coinciding with the
axis of said tubular member, said members being laterally
spaced from each other defining a ring shaped space
therebetween, the flexible wall portion spanning said space
for the full peripheral extent thereof and being sealingly
secured to said two members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 for a ring shaped flexible wall portion joining a pair of
relatively fixed rigid concentric members.
99 for a diaphragm type flexible wall portion joining a pair
of relatively movable rigid concentric members.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working chamber having a fluid conduit
connected thereto, said working chamber being rotatable about
its longitudinal axis relative to said fluid conduit, the
connection between said working chamber and fluid conduit
being so arranged as to allow constant communication between
said conduit and working chamber, irrespective of the
position of said working chamber relative to said conduit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for a pivotally mounted moving cylinder in which a fluid
conduit extends through the pivoted connection.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising (1) a ring shaped working member
provided with sealing portions along its inner and outer
periphery for sealingly engaging the spaced walls of a
chamber formed between a pair of fixed concentric members in
which the ring shaped working member is slidably disposed or
(2) a longitudinally extending chamber for receiving a ring
shaped working member comprising a pair of relatively fixed
concentric members said members being spaced from each other
to provide a space therebetween.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 for an annular working member having a coaxial element
extending therethrough and mounted for relative rotary
movement responsive to reciprocatory movement of the working
member.
52 for mutually relatively movable cylinder or sleeve,
member slidable therein and outer cylinder therefor, in which
the cylinder or sleeve is an annular working member.
93 for an annular flexible wall working member peripherally
sealed to spaced relatively fixed concentric rigid members.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Apparatus in
which the ring shaped working member is provided with an
elongated portion extending in a direction parallel to the
longitudinal axis of the ring, said portion being hollow and
the dimension of the outer peripheral portion thereof being
less than the dimension of the outer peripheral portion of
the working member end face.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a piston provided with an elongated
relatively slender tubular element extending axially
therefrom and immovably secured thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108 for a ring shaped piston provided with a rigid axially
extending hollow stem.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Apparatus in
which the tubular element forms a conduit or passage through
which a fluid is conducted.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 376 for a hollow piston
rod provided with a valve within said hollow rod.
417, Pumps, subclass 486 for an expansible chamber type pump
having a fluid conduit rigidly fixed to the piston, and see
the search note therein.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in
which the tubular element includes two or more separate and
distinct passages spaced from each other in a direction
perpendicular to the direction of the piston axis.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a port opening through a
side wall portion thereof, and said port is in open
communication with the passage in the tubular element.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Apparatus
including an elongated member which is movable relative to
the piston, at least a portion of said member being
positioned within the tubular element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 for a working member provided with a hollow axially
extending hollow rod, and a second working member having a
portion thereon adapted to extend axially through said hollow
rod and being movable relative thereto.
108 for a ring shaped piston provided with a rigid axially
extending hollow stem, in which the stem moves relative to a
portion forming the working chamber for the ring shaped
piston which portion extends axially through the stem.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 378 for a
relatively movable valve element positioned within and
movable relative to a hollow piston rod.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Apparatus in
which the member may be selectively moved in the direction of
the axis of the tubular element and held in different axial
positions relative thereto.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Apparatus in
which the member forms an actuator for means positioned
within the body of the piston which means operates to vary
the dimension of the outer peripheral portion of the piston
side wall upon movement of said member relative to the
tubular element.
(1) Note. A piston in which the member is rigid with a
portion of the piston forming the end face thereof is
excluded from this subclass. Such structure is classified
below on other features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
206 for a piston having a pair of axially spaced rigid
members one of which forms an end face portion, and an
interposed side wall portion, in which relative axial
movement of said rigid members effects lateral movement of
the side wall portion.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including an elongated member extending axially of
the working member, said member being secured to the working
member in such a manner as to allow rotation of said member
relative to the working member, but to prevent movement of
such member in a direction either parallel to or laterally of
the axis of said working member.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a cylinder adapted to slidably receive a
piston therein, said cylinder being mounted for relative
movement with respect to a supporting structure, movement of
said cylinder relative to said supporting structure being
responsive to or causing the expansion or contraction of the
expansible chamber.
(1) Note. An expansible chamber device in which it involves
an obvious matter of choice or reversal of parts whether the
piston is stationary and the cylinder movable or vice versa
is excluded even if the claim identifies the cylinder as the
movable element. In the case, however, where the cylinder,
for example, is provided with a specific power transmission
element, or means to guide the cylinder in a specific path,
including an outer casing in which the cylinder partakes of a
relative axial movement incident to expansion or contraction
of the chamber, or where a specific form of mounting means is
provided to allow the cylinder to move about an axis incident
to the expansion or contraction of the expansible chamber,
classification under this definition results.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for a cylinder which is rotatable relative to a working
member slidable therein along an axis which coincides with
the axis of the cylinder, incident to the rectilinear motion
of the working member.
51 for a cylinder movable relative to a concentric outer
casing, and having a working member within such cylinder and
axially movable relative to both said cylinder and casing.
54 for a cylinder which moves in a circular path of more
than 360 degrees incident to the expansion or contraction of
the expansible chamber.
66 for a plurality of relatively movable cylinders forming
either (1) working members or (2) working chambers for a
plurality of relatively movable working members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 196 for an expansible
chamber type motor having a moving cylinder.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 50 for an
internal combustion engine having a reciprocating cylinder.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 125 for an
impacting hammer head constituted by or fixed to a drive
motor cylinder.
417, Pumps, subclass 460 for an expansible chamber type pump
having a moving cylinder.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Apparatus
comprising means mounting the cylinder on the supporting
structure for movement about a fixed axis.
(1) Note. A cylinder pivoted to a supporting structure for
the purpose of adjusting the angular relation of the cylinder
relative to the supporting structure, but which does not move
incident to the expansion or contraction of the expansible
chamber device is excluded.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161 for a cylinder pivoted to a supporting structure for the
purpose of adjusting the angular position of the cylinder
relative to the supporting structure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 241 for a volume or rate
of flow meter of the expansible chamber type having a
reciprocating piston movable in an oscillating cylinder.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 210 for an expansible
chamber type motor having an oscillating cylinder.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 42 for an
internal combustion engine having an oscillating cylinder.
417, Pumps, 464 for an expansible chamber type pump having a
cylinder which oscillates about an axis transverse to its
longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Apparatus in
which the conduit or passage means for admitting working
fluid to the cylinder extends through the axis of said
mounting means, so that working fluid may be admitted to said
cylinder continuously irrespective of the position of the
cylinder relative to the supporting structure about said
axis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 211 for an oscillating
cylinder provided with a ported bearing or trunnion and valve
means in said bearing or trunnion.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising (1) a working member of the type
designed to move back and forth in an arcuate path of not
more than 360 degrees about a fixed axis or (2) a working
chamber designed to receive a working member of the type
defined in section (1) of this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
67 for plural relatively movable oscillating working
members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 252 for a volume or rate of flow
meter of the expansible chamber type having an oscillating
piston.
417, Pumps, 481 for an expansible chamber type pump having
oscillating pumping member.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Apparatus in
which the working member comprises a blade-like member having
a rotatably mounted shaft secured along one edge thereof for
movement therewith and forming the means for transmitting
mechanical power to or from said working member, the axis of
said shaft forming the axis about which said blade-like
member is adapted to move.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus
comprising a second blade-like member having one edge thereof
secured to the rotary shaft and extending outwardly therefrom
in spaced angular relation with the other blade-like member.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in
which the connection between the shaft and the blade-like
member provides for limited movement of the shaft relative to
the blade-like member.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in
which the blade-like member has a portion along the periphery
thereof which is movable relative to other portions of said
blade-like member, and spring means associated with said
blade-like member for urging said portion away from said
other portions.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Apparatus in
which the blade-like member is provided with a nonmetallic
portion along the periphery thereof adapted to sealingly
engage a working chamber wall portion.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means associated with the working member
for exerting a force on the working member, or a major
portion thereof, in a direction transverse to the
longitudinal axis of the working member to oppose a
transverse force exerted on the working member during the
normal functioning of the apparatus of which the working
member is a part.
(1) Note. The transverse force exerted on the working member
due to the normal functioning of the apparatus is usually
that due to a piston rod pivoted to the working member, the
weight of the working member when operating in a horizontal
cylinder or the force exerted by burning gases on a sloping
face of the working member.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Apparatus in
which said force exerting means comprises a fluid under
pressure, and means are provided to direct or conduct said
pressure fluid between a side wall portion of the working
member and the adjacent wall of the working chamber
containing said working member.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means designed to facilitate the removal
or replacement of a part of an expansible chamber device.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass are devices including
mere securing means for either a cylinder or piston portion,
which means are so located as to be easily accessible, for
example, means for securing piston parts together such as
bolts which extend through the piston face for easy
accessibility upon removal of a cylinder end wall is
excluded. Included in this subclass are, for example, an
expansible chamber device combined with a tool for
disassembling or assembling a part of the device, cooperating
means between a cylinder and piston for facilitating the
insertion or removal of the piston from the cylinder, special
openings through which a tool may be inserted to assemble or
disassemble a part of the device, or specific structure of a
piston having a part removable therefrom which structure is
specifically disclosed as for facilitating assembling or
disassembling such part from the piston without the use of
separable fastening means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 for an expansible chamber device which is convertible or
changeable by assembly or disassembly.
145 for the combination of an expansible chamber device
combined with a tool for adjusting a part of the expansible
chamber device.
216 for an open ended hollow skirt type piston formed of
separable parts, and in which the parts are secured together
by means which may be easily accessible or detachable.
255 for a piston formed of plural separable parts in which
the parts are secured together by means which may be easily
accessible or detachable.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 700 for assembly or disassembly
apparatus.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for an installation,
removal, assembly, disassembly, or repair feature, subclass
421 for a close proximity labyrinth seal, subclass 435 for a
piston ring, piston ring expander or seat therefor, subclass
511 for a dynamic circumferential contact seal intended for
containment or compression by a gland member in a packing
box, subclass 551 for a dynamic peripheral radially sealing
flexible projection (e.g., lip seal, etc.) for other than a
piston, subclass 598 for a static contact seal for use
between parts of an internal combustion engine, or subclass
630 for a static contact seal for other than an internal
combustion engine, or a pipe, conduit, or cable.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working member and a rigid power
transmission element positioned for movement therewith, said
element being unsecured to the working member (i.e., capable
of movement with respect thereto) and adapted to be abutted
thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for a concentric arrangement of tubular members,
including a working member said members being in sealed
relatively sliding relationship, and in which said working
member moves one of the other members through separating
abutment surfaces.
62 for plural coaxial relatively movable working members in
which one working member is moved by a second working member
through separating abutment surfaces.
101 for an abutment connection between a flexible diaphragm
type working member and a relatively movable undistortable
member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 63.4 for an
expansible chamber valve actuator having a lost motion or
abutment connection between the actuator and the valve.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a separate means other than the working
fluid associated with the working member for continuously
exerting a force in one direction of movement of the working
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for an overcenter means for biasing a working member in
one directionduring a portion of the stroke, and in the
opposite direction during a second portion of the stroke.
40 for a biasing means for a bellows type expansible chamber
wall portion.
84 for a resilient element interposed between a working
member and a relatively movable power element.
85 for a device which acts on a working member over a
portion only of the stroke thereof to form a cushioning means
for the working member.
94 for a biasing means for a flexible wall type working
member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 63.6 for an
expansible chamber valve actuator which includes spring means
biasing the working member of the expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in
which the working member is normally maintained in a position
intermediate the ends of the working chamber by said force
exerting means, so that upon removal of the force exerted to
move the working member in the operation of the expansible
chamber device, the working member is returned to such
position by said force exerting means.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in
which the force exerting means comprises a spring device,
said spring device being so related to the working member
that movement of the working member responsive to the action
of working fluid or a mechanical force to effect normal
operation of the working member causes said spring device to
be extended from its normal position of equilibrium, so that
upon removal of such force, the spring contracts to effect
the return movement of said working member.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in
which the amount of force exerted by said force exerting
means on the working member may be selectively increased or
decreased.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
95 for an adjustable biasing means for a flexible wall type
working member.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in
which the force exerting means comprises a body of confined
compressible fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 30 for an accumulator
chamber adapted to receive a fluid on one side of a movable
wall and a confined compressible fluid on the opposite side
of the movable wall.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under subclass 130. Apparatus in
which the force exerting means includes a portion thereof in
force transmitting engagement with the working member end
face.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means forming a part of the working
member for engagement with a relatively movable element, said
means comprising (1) a spline extending longitudinally of the
working member, (2) gear teeth or (3) a thread.
(1) Note. A piston having a portion thereof provided with a
threaded or splined section for the sole purpose of securing
a second piston portion rigidly therewith is excluded from
this subclass. Such structure is classified below on other
features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for a rectilinearly moving working member and coaxial
element interengaged for relative rotary movement in which
the interengaging means includes a thread or spline on the
working member.
217 for an open ended skirt type piston formed of several
parts in which the parts are detachably secured together by
means of a threaded connection.
255 for a piston formed of several parts in which the parts
may be secured together by means of a threaded connection.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a flexible elongated element secured to
the working member and movable with the working member, said
elongated element functioning as a means for transmitting
power to or from said working member.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass for example is a rope,
chain or cable having one end thereof connected to a piston
and the other end connected to a load wherein movement of the
piston will move the load.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for a resilient element interposed between a working
member and a relatively movable element.
130 and the search there noted, for a spring device having
one end thereof secured to a working member and being
effective to bias said working member in one direction of its
movement.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working member having a pair of
axially spaced end faces, and a portion located between and
rigidly secured to said end faces, said portion having means
formed thereon to engage with a mechanical motion converting
linkage or power transmission member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
74 for a plurality of relatively movable working members,
each working member having spaced end faces and a rotating
shaft engaging portion intermediate said end faces, said
working members being positioned side by side in parallel
relationship.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 174 for a
plurality of relatively movable working members, each working
member having spaced end faces and a linkage or transmission
engaging means intermediate said spaced end faces.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a piston type working member, adapted to
reciprocate within a cylinder, said piston type working
member being provided with a member pivotally secured thereto
and extending coaxially therewith, said member being slidably
engageable with the walls of the cylinder in which the piston
reciprocates to guide the piston in its movement in the
cylinder.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means for transmitting a force to or from
a working member, said means comprising a plurality of
mechanically interconnected members which are movable
relative to each other, one of said members being connected
for movement with the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13.7 for a working member having a relatively movable power
transmission element and means adjusting or limiting the
motion of said transmission element to vary the working
member stroke.
68 for a plurality of relatively moving working members
provided with mechanical motion converting means connecting
said working members to a common rotary shaft.
76 for a plurality of relatively movable working members
interconnected by a linkage having relatively movable
members.
136 for a linkage or transmission arrangement associated
with an expansible chamber device and in which such linkage
or transmission includes a gear, thread or spline rigid with
working member.
137 for linkage or transmission means associated with an
expansible chamber device, including a flexible element
secured to the working member.
138 for an expansible chamber device provided with a working
member having a pair of spaced end faces and a linkage or
transmission means engaging the working member at a point
intermediate the spaced end faces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
a mechanical movement or mechanism of general utility. Class
74 takes a nominally claimed expansible chamber device
combined with a power transmitting linkage or transmission.
(For a more detailed statement of the line between Class 74
and Class 92, see References to Other Classes of the class
definition).
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a plate-like member detachably secured to
a portion of the working member, said plate-like member being
for the purpose of diverting a fluid away from some part of
the expansible chamber device, or a part associated with the
expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a chamber associated with the expansible
chamber device, said chamber being separate from that portion
of the working chamber traversed by the working member and
being in open communication therewith and forming a storage
space for a noncompressible liquid type working fluid when
said fluid is not in that portion of the working chamber
traversed by said working member.
(1) Note. A mere pipe or conduit leading to the portion of
the expansible chamber device traversed by the working member
does not constitute a reservoir for this subclass. For
classification in this subclass the device must include a
container-like structure into which the working fluid is
exhausted upon being expelled from the portion of the chamber
traversed by the working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for a working member provided with a chamber forming a
reservoir for a noncompressible liquid-type working fluid.
163 for a fluid conduit or port to a working chamber.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising means associated with the expansible
chamber device to (1) resist or slow down the movement of the
working member or (2) absorb shock or vibration incident to
the operation of the expansible chamber device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7 for an overcenter means to bias the working member in
opposite directions over different portions of the stroke.
8 for a means to control the flow of nonworking arresting
fluid for the working member.
41 for a vibration damping means for a bellows type
expansible chamber device.
84 for a resilient element interposed between a working
member and a relatively movable power transmission element.
85 for a means effective over a portion only of the stroke
to cushion the movement of the working member.
130 and the search there noted for a separate means to bias
a working member in one direction of its movement.
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a working chamber forming member
provided with a housing, spaced from and enclosing the outer
wall thereof to form a space between said structure and outer
wall which space is designed to (1) form a jacket for
circulating a heat exchange fluid therein or (2) form an
insulating space to reduce the flow of heat to or from the
working chamber through the walls of said member.
(1) Note. A cylinder head or end closure provided with a
heat exchange modifying space or jacket is included under
this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 41.72 and subclass 195 for
a jacketed cylinder or end closure therefor for receiving
circulating heat exchange liquid to cool the operating parts
of an internal combustion engine. A specific disclosure that
a jacketed cylinder or end closure therefor is to form a part
of an internal combustion engine is sufficient for
classification in Class 123.
165, Heat Exchange, appropriate subclasses for a heat
exchange modifying space or jacket of general utility. Class
165 takes a nominally claimed cylinder or working chamber
forming member of an expansible chamber device, where the
claim is otherwise directed to a surrounding space or jacket
designed to modify the heat exchange properties of the
cylinder or member.
220, Receptacles, 592.01 for a receptacle having means for
maintaining its contents above or below ambient temperature
and particularly subclass 592.05 for such a receptacle having
spaced walls.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus in combination with features other than working
fluid conducting or admitting means, working chamber
supporting or retaining means, working member sealing,
guiding or movement facilitating means, or mechanical motion
converting means articulated to a working member and not
provided for above.
(1) Note. Fluid conducting or admitting means includes a
conduit, groove, channel or port designed to conduct fluid to
or from the working chamber.
(2) Note. Working chamber supporting or retaining means
includes a means such as a casing, bedplate or framework for
holding or maintaining a working chamber forming member of an
expansible chamber device in a position for operation.
(3) Note. Working member sealing, guiding or movement
facilitating means includes piston rings or seals, guiding
structure on a cylinder end member for encircling and
maintaining a piston portion to a predetermined path of
motion and lubricating features, special cylinder and piston
surface structure or configuration to facilitate the movement
of the piston in the cylinder.
(4) Note. A mechanical motion converting means articulated
to a working member includes a connecting rod or similar
power transmitting element which is movably secured to the
piston.
(5) Note. In this subclass for example are combinations with
(a) a heating element within the working chamber to evaporate
a working fluid which has condensed (b) a tool for radially
adjusting a piston side wall portion, said tool being mounted
on the cylinder head or end closure (c) a piston having a
hook at one end thereof to retrieve or grapple parts which
may become detached or broken from the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for a combined expansible chamber device and a tool
designed to facilitate assembly or disassembly of some part
of the expansible chamber device.
161 for a nominally claimed art device (e.g., bicycle,
chair) which forms a support for the expansible chamber
device, no more of the art device being claimed than that
necessary to mount or support the expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising (1) two or more cylinders adapted to
receive reciprocatory working members, said cylinders being
rigidly secured together in a unitary structure, or (2) a
frame or support having means associated therewith for
rigidly securing two or more cylinders together.
(1) Note. A single axially extending hollow tubular element
provided with a fixed partition for dividing the same into
two distinct chambers is included under this definition, also
included under this definition is a single axially extending
hollow element having portions along its length of different
cross-sectional areas which portions form separate working
chambers. However, a single axially extending hollow tubular
element of uniform diameter in which the sole means for
dividing the same into two chambers is a reciprocatory
working member is not considered to constitute two or more
cylinders for this subclass and is excluded. Such structure
is classified below on other features.
(2) Note. Class 92 excludes multiple expansion type motors
and multistage pumps even if no valving is claimed if the
claims do include the fluid connection between stages of the
motor pump.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for a plurality of unitarily mounted rotating cylinders.
61 for relatively movable working members positioned in
plural unitarily mounted cylinders.
161 for a support or frame for a single cylinder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 152 for multiple
expansion type motors and subclasses 508+ for an expansible
chamber type motor having a plurality of working members.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 52.1 for an internal
combustion engine having a plurality of unitarily mounted
cylinders, subclass 195 for a frame construction for an
internal combustion engine having a plurality of unitarily
mounted cylinders.
180, Motor Vehicles, 55 for a motor vehicle having its motor
mounted partly or wholly on the vehicle's lower running gear;
subclass 63 for a motor vehicle having its motor mounted on
the vehicle's body or body frame, connected to the vehicle's
rear axle, and movable with the axle relative to the body or
body frame; subclasses 291+ for a motor vehicle having a
specific motor-to-body-frame relationship; and subclass 312
for a motor vehicle having a frame which is provided with
structure adapted to receive or support a motor, a
change-speed gearing, or some other element of the vehicle's
power train.
417, Pumps, 244 for pumps having successive stages.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus
including means to enclose or support a mechanical motion
converting linkage including a rotary shaft, said means being
rigidly secured to the cylinder supporting means to form a
unitary structure therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68 for a plurality of unitarily mounted cylinders having
pistons therein, said pistons being connected to a
crankshaft.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus
comprising three or more cylinders arranged with the axes
thereof lying in angularly related planes which intersect at
a common line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for three or more radially arranged cylinders provided
with relatively movable working members secured by mechanical
motion converting means to a common rotating shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 247 for a volume or rate of flow
meter of the expansible chamber type having a plurality of
radially arranged cylinders.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 491 for expansible
chamber type motors having three or more cylinders arranged
in radial relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 54.1 for an internal
combustion engine having a plurality of radiating cylinders.
417, Pumps, subclass 273 for expansible chamber type pumps
having three or more cylinders arranged in radial
relationship with a rotary transmission axis.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus in
which a pair of cylinders are positioned with the axis
thereof lying in angularly related planes, said planes
extending at an angle of less than 180 degrees relative to
each other.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 147. Apparatus in
which the cylinders are positioned end to end and have a
common longitudinal axis.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Apparatus in
which the cylinders are positioned end to end and have a
common longitudinal axis.
(1) Note. A mere axially extending hollow tubular element of
uniform diameter, in which the sole means for dividing the
same into two chambers is a reciprocatory working member, is
not considered as constituting plural cylinders, and is
excluded from this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for coaxial cylinders combined with a casing or support
for a rotary shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 58.2 for an internal
combustion engine having a plurality of tandem cylinders.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Apparatus in
which the cross sectional area of a first of said cylinders
is smaller than the cross sectional area of a second of said
cylinders.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including (1) means to, apply, direct or conduct a
substance to a location between relatively movable parts of
an expansible chamber device designed to reduce the friction
between said parts or (2) means forming a part of an
expansible chamber device, which means is formed of a
material which is normally applied between relatively movable
elements to reduce the friction between said elements.
(1) Note. Included under this definition are expansible
chamber device parts, such as for example, a piston formed of
Teflon, mica or a material having a high graphite content or
other material known to be self-lubricating.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
141 for a separable deflector plate or baffle on a working
member for deflecting lubricant from a portion of the
expansible chamber device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 46 for
interrelated control of motive fluid and lubricant.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 196 for
lubricating means for an internal combustion engine.
184, Lubrication, appropriate subclasses for lubrication of
general utility, and particularly 18 for lubricating means
for an engine cylinder. Class 184 takes a nominal cylinder
and piston having lubricating means therefor. For a more
detailed statement of the line between Class 184 and Class
92, see section III of the class definition.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in
which the lubricant is picked up or collected and carried
along by working fluid which is entering or being exhausted
from the expansible chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 46 for
interrelated control or motive fluid and lubricant.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in
which a part of the expansible chamber device which is in
slidable engagement with another part of such device is
formed of material which inherently performs a lubricating
function.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus
comprising a passage through which lubricant is adapted to
flow and means associated with said passage capable of being
operated to selectively open or close said passage.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus in
which a piston is provided with a connecting rod pivotally
connected thereto, said rod having an axially extending
passage means through which lubricant is conveyed between a
lubricant source and a portion of the piston.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Apparatus
comprising a piston provided with means for (1) holding or
storing lubricant or (2) conveying or guiding lubricant from
one location on the piston to another location thereon.
(1) Note. Such means may include an open peripheral groove
or channel either sectional or continuous, a port, slit, or
any opening through a portion of the piston disclosed as for
the purpose of conducting lubricant from one point to
another.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Apparatus in
which said means includes a cavity, trough, or other means
which forms a part of the piston and acts as a reservoir for
the lubricant.
(1) Note. A mere radially directed circumferential oil
retaining groove on the piston side wall portion having the
open side closed by the relatively movable cylinder wall is
excluded. Included is a circumferential groove having a
configuration which permits the retention of oil therein
independently of the cooperating cylinder wall, or a ported
trough or chamber on a piston portion or generally any
receptacle means on the piston capable of trapping or
collecting lubricant for holding such lubricant or directing
the same to some specified outlet in said receptacle means.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Apparatus in
which said means comprises a passage or port which extends
completely through a portion of the side wall of the piston
so that there is an unobstructed opening from the piston
outer periphery to the interior of the piston.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including a base, bracket, standard or framework to
which a cylinder or other working chamber forming means of an
expansible chamber device is secured to be supported in
operative position.
(1) Note. A mere cylindrical sleeve or casing claimed as a
pump body, crankcasing, cylinder block or engine block, which
receives a second sleeve therein claimed either as a cylinder
or cylinder liner which forms the inner surface thereof for
slidably receiving a piston, is not considered a support for
this subclass and is classified as a cylinder detail in
subclasses 169+.
(2) Note. This subclass will take those patents in which an
expansible chamber device is supported on a nominally claimed
art device such as a chair or bicycle. However, if the art
device is claimed specifically, i.e., more is claimed than
that necessary to support the expansible chamber device,
classification is generally with art device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for a cylinder mounted for rotation incident to the
reciprocation of a piston positioned therein.
77 for a ground embedded expansible chamber device.
117 for a cylinder mounted on a support, said cylinder being
mounted for movement relative to said support incident to the
operation of the expansible chamber device.
146 for a plurality of cylinders secured to a support or
frame to be immovable relative to each other when in an
operative position. Note section IV of the class definition
and the paragraph following the title in the schedule of this
class.
169 for a cylinder liner detachably secured in a tubular
sleeve-like casing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 195 for a support
or frame for an internal combustion engine.
180, Motor Vehicles, 55, 63, 291+, and 312 as explained in
the reference to each appearing in subclass 426 above.
248, Supports, appropriate subclasses for a support of
general utility, and particularly 637 for a machinery
support. Class 92 takes the combination of a cylinder or
working chamber forming means of an expansible chamber device
and a support therefor where some specific structure of the
cylinder or working chamber forming means other than means
which are designed solely for the purpose of positioning or
securing the cylinder or working chamber forming means to the
support is claimed. For example, the mere nominal recitation
of "a cylinder having a flange", "means for positioning the
cylinder on a support", or "openings for the reception of
bolts for securing the cylinder to a support", will not
preclude classification in Class 248.
Subclass:
161.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 161. Apparatus in
which the base, bracket, standard or framework is
particularly adapted to be connected to or cooperate with a
vehicle wheel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 233 for pumps which are operated by a
wheel or axle.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a cylinder and a piston reciprocally
mounted therein, and in which a relatively small unobstructed
space or passage is provided between the side wall of the
piston and the adjacent cylinder wall, said space or passage
extending from one end of the piston side wall portion to the
opposite end thereof to allow working fluid to flow from the
chamber formed at one end of the piston side wall portion to
the chamber formed at the opposite end thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 316 for an internal resistance fluid
brake comprising a cylinder and piston, and passage means
between the cylinder wall and piston side wall to allow
restricted flow of fluid from one end of the piston to the
other as the piston moves in the cylinder.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, 411 for a dynamic close proximity seal
(e.g., contactless, fluent, etc.) having a gap or clearance.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a passage or port adapted to conduct and
permit the entry or exhaust of fluid to or from the working
chamber of the expansible chamber device, said passage or
port not being in the movable wall portion of said chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for a rotating cylinder provided with a fluid conduit
coaxial with the axis of rotation of the cylinder.
106 for a fluid conduit in constant communication with a
relatively rotating working chamber.
110 for a piston having a hollow rigid stem or rod forming a
fluid conduit for introducing or exhausting working fluid to
a working chamber.
119 for a cylinder having one end thereof pivotally mounted
on a supporting structure, and in which the fluid conduit or
port for permitting entry or exhaust of working fluid to or
from the cylinder extends through the pivoted connection.
153 for a fluid conduit to a working chamber designed to
convey lubricant to the chamber.
181 for a fluid conduit or port in the end face of a
piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses
for a fluid port or conduit opening into the working chamber
of an expansible chamber which conduit is provided with
selectively variable means to control the flow of fluid
through the conduit. A mere closure cap or plug for a port or
conduit opening into the working chamber of an expansible
chamber device is not considered as a means to control the
flow of fluid through the port or passage and is classified
in Class 92.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Apparatus in
which the working chamber is provided with a removable end
closure member, the port or passage being located in said
member.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means formed on an end portion of a
cylinder, and being engageable with the piston or a member
moved by the piston, said means being effective to (1)
constrain said piston or member to a predetermined path of
movement or (2) provide a sealing means between the inside of
the cylinder and the outside thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 for a self sealing opening in a longitudinal wall of a
working chamber for forming a guide for a working member
portion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, 7 for linear bearings. Class 384, Bearings
takes a nominally claimed cylinder and end wall therein
slidably engaging a rod to guide the same, however, where
details of the piston are included in the claim,
classification is in this class (92).
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus
comprising a second guide means positioned in the end of the
cylinder opposite the end containing said first guide means.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus in
which the guide means is so related to the cylinder end
portion as to be movable relative to the cylinder in a
direction perpendicular to the direction of the longitudinal
axis of the cylinder.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Apparatus
comprising a nonmetallic sealing element between the cylinder
end portion and the piston or element moved by the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 18.2 for a
flexible sealing element secured to a casing portion and to a
reciprocating rod portion to prevent the seepage of fluid
into or out of the casing. The mere nominal recitation of a
cylinder and piston does not preclude classification in Class
74.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, 500 for a dynamic, circumferential,
contact seal for other than a piston.
Subclass:
169.1
CYLINDER DETAIL:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising particulars of a cylinder.
(1) Note. Patents disclosing a cylinder or working chamber
but claiming no more of the disclosed device than what is
descriptive of a structure of general utility, such as a
tube, container or closure are classified in appropriate
structural classes. Examples of claimed features which are
considered to be too special to the cylinder art for
classification in general structural classes and which cause
classification under the definitions are (a) a part or other
restricted passage for fluid flow, (b) a nominally claimed
piston, (c) the naming of a part as a pump body, engine
block, cylinder block, crankcasing or the like or (d) a
cylinder or liner positioned in a casing or housing and in
which the casing or housing closure secures the cylinder or
liner within the casing.
(2) Note. A cylinder head or closure, per se, claiming some
structure which goes beyond a closure of general utility, and
which limits such closure or head for use as a part of an
expansible chamber device is included under this definition.
(3) Note. A piston and cylinder combination in which the
cylinder is nominally claimed is excluded from this subclass.
Such structure is classified below on the structure of the
piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for a telescoping cylinder.
107 for a cylinder adapted to receive an annular working
member.
120 for a cylinder adapted to receive an oscillating working
member.
146 for plural unitarily mounted cylinders.
163 for a cylinder provided with a fluid conduit or port.
164 for a cyclinder and closure provided with a fluid
conducting port.
165 for a cylinder head or closure provided with means to
guide a piston or a member moved by the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 193.1 for a cylinder for
an internal combustion engine.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, appropriate subclasses for
the structure of a tubular member even though disclosed as a
cylinder for an expansible chamber device. Class 138 takes a
cylinder when the claims include no more than the structure
of a tubular member.
220, Receptacles, appropriate subclasses for a container
and/or closure therefor of general utility. Class 220 takes a
nominally claimed cylinder for an expansible chamber device
when the claims are directed to no more than the structure of
a container. Also Class 220 takes a cylinder or cylinder head
therefor to no more than a container or closure therefor.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, appropriate subclasses for a
joint between a plurality of tubular members or between a
tubular member and a plate-like element. Class 285 takes a
device comprising a plurality of tubular members and means to
join said tubular member together, even though the completed
structure may be disclosed as or nominally claimed as a
cylinder for an expansible-chamber device. Further Class 285
takes a joint between a tubular member and a plate-like
element even though the tubular member may be disclosed as as
cylinder.
292, Closure Fasteners, appropriate subclasses for closure
fasteners of general utility. Class 292 takes a nominally
claimed cylinder and head or closure combined with means to
secure the head or closure to the cylinder.
Subclass:
169.2
With reinforcing member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.1. Apparatus
including structure specifically provided for (a) increasing
the rigidity of the cylinder, or (b) strengthening the
cylinder, or (c) bypassing the effect of pressure deformation
on the cylinder to a cylinder mounting structure.
Subclass:
169.3
Extending through working member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.2. Apparatus
wherein the structure of the reinforcing structure comprises
a member extending through the working member.
Subclass:
169.4
Coaxial sleeve or tube:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169.2. Apparatus
wherein the structure is the reinforcing structure comprises
a member extending parallel and concentrically with the
working member.
Subclass:
170.1
Nonmetallic piston contacting portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus,
including a nonmetallic portion of the cylinder adapted to
slidably contact a piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
168 for a cylinder provided with a guide or seal on an end
portion thereof including a nonmetallic portion.
Subclass:
171.1
Cylinder or liner retained in casing by casing closure or
closure associated means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 169. Apparatus
comprising a casing and a cylinder or liner positioned within
said casing to be encompassed thereby, and a removable
closure for closing an end of the casing, said cylinder or
liner being secured in said casing by the closure member, or
by means which cooperate with the closure member.
Subclass:
172
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus comprising a piston as defined in the Glossary of
the class definition.
(1) Note. A member secured to the piston so as to be
immovable relative thereto (e.g., rigid piston rod) when the
piston is performing its intended function in the expansible
chamber device is considered as forming a part of the
piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 for a ring shaped piston.
108 for a piston having a rigidly attached axially extending
hollow rod or stem.
120 for an oscillating piston.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 888.04 for the method of making a
piston.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 422, and see
the search there noted, for a valved piston for an expansible
chamber type motor.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 47 for a valved
piston for use in an internal combustion engine, and
subclasses 193.1+ for a piston which is limited for use in an
internal combustion engine.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, 30 for a piston disclosed
as for use in a variable capacity pressure compensator.
166, Wells, 153 for a piston which is fluid driven into a
well.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 206 for a piston of a drive
motor which forms an impacting hammer head.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, 324 for a piston which is
disclosed as for use in a piston type valve.
267, Spring Devices, appropriate subclasses for a piston
disclosed as for use in a fluid type spring device.
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, 434 for a piston ring or piston ring
expander or seat therefor.
417, Pumps, 545 for a valved piston disclosed as for use in
a pump. A piston of the type in which a peripheral sealing
element is adapted to be deflected out of sealing engagement
with a chamber wall during a portion of the stroke of such
piston, to allow passage of fluid from one side of the piston
to the other is not considered a valved piston for Class 417,
and is classified in Class 92.
Subclass:
173
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
including a surface on the piston positioned to be contacted
by the working fluid, said surface being so shaped that
contact of the working fluid therewith effects either a
rotary movement of said piston about its longitudinal axis or
a rotary movement of the body of working fluid about an axis
coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31 for a means to cause rotation of a piston responsive to
rectilinear movement of said piston in a cylinder.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston includes a pair of axially spaced rigid side
wall portions and a body of liquid positioned between said
spaced portions for direct engagement with such chamber wall
when said piston is in operative position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
277, Seal for a Joint or Juncture, for a generic sealing
means or process, 411 for a dynamic close proximity seal
(e.g., contactless, fluent, etc.) having a gap or clearance.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston includes a pair of axially spaced portions
each of which includes an end face and a side wall, said
spaced portions being rigidly joined by a portion of smaller
peripheral extent than the spaced portions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for a piston provided with spaced faces joined by a
rigid stem, in which the stem is provided with a linkage or
transmission engaging portion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, 324 for a spool type piston
valve.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a sealed space in a portion
thereof for the purpose of modifying the heat exchange
properties of said piston portion.
(1) Note. The space may either be filled with a gas, or an
insulating material, or may be under a vacuum.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 41.16 for an
internal combustion engine piston provided with a closed
space having a coolant material sealed in said space.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the peripheral portion of the piston at the end thereof
containing the end face portion has a shape in transverse
cross section other than circular.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
233 for an open ended hollow skirt type piston in which the
skirt has a portion thereof, spaced from the end of the
piston containing the end face, oval shaped in transverse
cross section.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
including a ball or roller bearing means mounted on the
piston for engagement with a working chamber wall when the
piston is in operative position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, appropriate subclasses for linear bearings
with ball or roller anti-friction contacting surfaces. Class
384 takes a nominally claimed piston and cylinder having ball
or roller type anti-friction contacting surfaces.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a rod adapted to transmit
motion between the piston and a relatively movable member,
said rod being pivotally mounted on the piston and having the
end thereof which is joined to the piston in direct
communication with working fluid when the piston is in
operative position in a working chamber.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a fluid conducting port or
passage extending from the end face thereof through a portion
of the piston and (1) communicating with a cavity in the
piston for which the port or passage forms a restricted
opening or (2) extending through a wall of the piston other
than the end face (3) communicating with a cavity in the
piston having a wall which is radially movable and forming a
side wall portion of the piston.
(1) Note. See the search class notes under subclass 172 of
Class 92 for a piston having an opening in the face thereof
for admitting or exhausting working fluid to or from a
working chamber, said opening being controlled by valve
means.
(2) Note. The mere claiming of a flow through passage in a
well type pump plunger is not sufficient for classification
in this subclass. Such plunger is classified below on its
other features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, 316 for an internal resistance fluid type brake
(e.g., dashpot) including a piston having a passage
therethrough, for allowing fluid to pass from one side of the
piston to the other.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Apparatus in
which the port or passage communicates with a cavity in the
piston, said cavity having a wall thereof which is radially
movable and forming a side wall portion of the piston.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in
which the port or passage is provided with valve means for
controlling the flow of fluid through the port or passage.
(1) Note. The valve means under this definition must be some
means other than a means which has a valving action due to a
radial movement of the radially movably wall itself.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with opposed end faces each of
which is provided with a fluid port or passage.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Apparatus in
which the ports or passages in the opposed end faces
communicate with the same cavity.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a chamber having a
restricted opening for communicating such chamber with a
source of heat exchange fluid.
(1) Note. The fluid may be the working fluid for the
expansible chamber device, or a fluid which is separate and
distinct from the working fluid.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 41.35 for an internal
combustion engine piston provided with a cavity therein and
means to circulate a coolant in said cavity.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
including a member joined to the piston by means which allow
separation of said member from the piston without in any way
destroying or permanently deforming the piston or member or
the means joining said piston and member together, said
member forming a support or bearing member for pivotally
mounting a connecting rod to the piston.
(1) Note. An open ended skirt type piston in which a portion
of the skirt is detachably secured to a second portion
containing the end face and in which the connecting rod pin
bearing portions forms an integral part of such skirt portion
or portion containing the end face is excluded. Such
structure is classified on other features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
216 for an open ended skirt type piston formed of plural
separable parts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
403, Joints and Connections, 52 for articulated connections
in general, particularly subclasses 150+. See References To
Other Classes. of the class definition under "SEARCH CLASS",
403, for the line between Class 92 and Class 403.
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the means for securing the member to the piston
comprises a ring-shaped element positioned about the outer
periphery of the piston and forms a side wall portion
thereof.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the piston is formed of separate end face and side wall
forming portions and in which such portions are secured
together by means which allow separation of said portions
without, in any way, destroying or permanently deforming the
end face or side wall forming portions or the means securing
said portions together.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Apparatus in
which the means for pivotally mounting the connecting rod to
the piston forms the means which secures the end face and
side wall portions together.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 187. Apparatus in
which the means for joining the member to the piston extends
through the end face portion.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the side wall portion of the piston is provided with a
plurality of axially spaced relatively thin flexible metallic
tongue-like members extending circumferentially and radially
with respect to the piston axis, said tongue-like members
being formed as an integral part of the side wall portion and
the outer ends thereof forming the outer peripheral extent of
the piston side wall portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
249 for a nonmetallic piston formed of flexible material
which may be provided with circumferential radially extending
sealing tongues.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a side wall portion which
is movable radially with respect to the piston axis, and a
separate spring device is provided for exerting a force
against said portion of urging the same in such radial
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
126 for a differential thrust producing means for a working
member comprising a spring member for biasing the working
member toward one side of the working chamber.
201 for a piston having a radially adjustable side wall
portion.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in
which the radially movable side wall portion comprises a lip
made of flexible material extending around the periphery of
this piston and in a direction axially of the piston, and the
spring device exerts a force on said lip for urging the same
in a radial direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
240 for a piston having a side wall portion which includes a
peripheral axially extending flexible lip.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in
which the radially movable side wall portion is, or is a part
of an elongated hollow tubular skirt-like member closed at
one end by the end face portion and being open at the
opposite end.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in
which the hollow tubular skirt-like member is provided with a
slit in the wall thereof extending from the open end in a
direction toward the closed end thereof and in which the
spring device is positioned in the slit.
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in
which the force exerted by the spring device may be
selectively increased or decreased.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
199 for a spring means for biasing a side wall portion
radially in which the biasing force of the spring is
adjustable.
Subclass:
198
This subclass is indented under subclass 195. Apparatus in
which the spring device comprises a discontinuous ring-like
element made of resilient material, a substantial portion of
the periphery of said element being in force exerting
engagement with the interior surface of the skirt.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200 for a split annular type spring for biasing a side wall
portion radially.
Subclass:
199
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in
which the force exerted by the spring device may be
selectively increased or decreased.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
197 for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with a
spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt radially,
and in which the force exerted by the spring is adjustable.
Note "Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the Class
Definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this class.
Subclass:
200
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus in
which the spring device comprises a discontinuous ring-like
element made of resilient material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198 for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the skirt
is radially biased by means of a split annular type spring.
Note "Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the Class
Definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this class.
Subclass:
201
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which means are provided to move and hold a side wall portion
of the piston to different positions laterally of the piston
axis to vary the peripheral extent of the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for a piston having a radially adjustable side wall
portion, and provided with means for moving said side wall
portion, said means including an actuator extending through
an axially extending hollow rod on the piston.
193 for a spring means for biasing a side wall portion
radially.
Subclass:
202
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in
which the adjustable portion comprises a hollow tubular
skirt-like member secured at one end to the end face portion
and extending in a direction opposite from the end face, said
skirt-like member being open at one end and being closed at
the opposite end by the end face portion.
Subclass:
203
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus in
which the means for effecting lateral movement of the
skirt-like member comprises an element having a bevelled
surface, said element being movable relative to said
skirt-like member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for a radially adjustable side wall portion in which the
adjustment is effected by a wedge member movable relative to
the side wall portion.
Subclass:
204
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in
which the means for effecting the radial adjustment of the
side wall portion includes a spacer or shim element
positionable between relatively movable parts of the piston
and which may be optionally inserted between said parts or
removed therefrom to effect such adjustment.
Subclass:
205
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in
which the side wall portion is positioned between and in
contact with a pair of rigid axially spaced end members, said
end members being capable of being moved and held to
different positions toward or away from each other, movement
of said end members effecting lateral movement of the side
wall portion.
Subclass:
206
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Apparatus in
which the surfaces of one of said rigid end members and side
wall portion at the point of contact between said member and
portion are beveled.
Subclass:
207
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Apparatus in
which the means for effecting lateral movement of the side
wall portion comprises an element having a beveled surface
and being movable relative to said side wall portion, so that
movement of said element relative to the side wall portion
effects lateral movement of said portion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the skirt
is radially adjustable and in which the adjustment is
effected by a wedge member movable relative to the skirt.
Note "Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the Class
Definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this class.
206 for a radially expansible side wall portion positioned
between axially spaced relatively movable end members, and in
which the abutting surfaces between an end member and the
side wall portion are beveled to provide a wedging action.
Subclass:
208
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the peripheral portion of the piston includes a hollow
tubular skirt-like member secured to and extending in a
direction opposite from the end face portion, said skirt-like
member being open at one end thereof and being closed at the
opposite end by said end face portion.
Subclass:
209
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the skirt-like member is frusto-conical in shape.
Subclass:
210
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus
including means adapted to be added to or removed from the
piston to vary the weight of the piston for the purpose of
(1) equalizing the weight of the piston with respect to
another piston with which the piston is to be associated or
(2) equalizing the weight of a portion of the piston with
respect to another portion of the piston.
(1) Note. This subclass includes pistons provided either
with integral projections which may be cut away as desired to
vary the weight of the piston or with separate weight
elements which may be attached or removed from the piston to
vary the weight of the piston.
Subclass:
211
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with a circumferentially
extending expansible ring positioned in a groove on the outer
periphery of the skirt-like member, and a substantially rigid
elongated member formed of material which is different from
the material which forms the skirt-like member, said member
extending diametrically across the interior of the skirt-like
member and having an end thereof extending through an opening
in the wall of the skirt-like member and abutting against
said ring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188 for a separable transversely extending wrist pin for a
connecting rod retained in position by a piston ring.
Subclass:
212
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the piston includes as an element thereof a portion
which is formed of material other than metal.
(1) Note. Since few trunk type pistons include nonmetallic
parts, all trunk type pistons which include a part formed of
nonmetallic material are classified in this subclass.
Normally the nonmetallic portion is for the purpose of
modifying the transfer of heat between piston parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for a piston having a nonmetallic portion.
Subclass:
213
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the end face surface is provided with a portion made of
material which is different from the material which forms
another portion of said end face.
Subclass:
214
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the skirt-like member is formed at a portion thereof
extending for the full perimetric extent thereof with a pair
of walls which are spaced from each other.
Subclass:
215
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus
comprising independent end face and skirt portions, said
portions being secured together by means of a separate
fastening element in the form of a spring-like device for
effecting a resiliently movable connection between said end
face and skirt portions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for resilient means interposed between a working member
and a relatively movable power transmission element.
Subclass:
216
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the piston is formed of a plurality of parts or
sections, joined together by means which allow separation of
the parts from each other without in any way destroying or
permanently deforming any of the parts or the means for
joining the parts.
(1) Note. For classification under this definition, the
parts must constitute a major portion of either the end face
or side wall portion of the piston. A mere ring positioned in
a groove about the periphery of the skirt, for example, which
forms but a small area of the side wall portion is excluded.
Such subject matter is classified on other features.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for a separable means for pivotally mounting a
connecting rod to a piston.
190 for a piston having separable end face and skirt
portions secured together by an element which forms a pivot
mounting for a connecting rod.
226 for an annular element of diverse material positioned
about the periphery of the skirt to limit radial movement of
a skirt part.
255 for a piston having plural separable parts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
403, Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for
joints in general. Class 92 takes a joint between metallic
parts where the sole disclosure is directed to a piston
structure.
Subclass:
217
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in
which the parts are provided with cooperating interengaging
portions such that the rotation of one of the parts relative
to the other will cause engagement of said interengaging
portions to detachably secure the parts together.
Subclass:
218
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Apparatus
including a separate element interengaging between the
relatively rotatable piston parts, said element when in
operative interengaging position being effective to prevent
relative rotation between the parts.
Subclass:
219
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in
which separable parts of the piston are so interfitted or
related as to remain joined in operative relation to one
another without the addition of a connecting or fastening
member which is intended to be entirely detached from the
parts when the parts are disconnected.
Subclass:
220
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Apparatus in
which the parts are secured together by means of a separate
threaded fastener member.
Subclass:
221
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Apparatus in
which the threaded fastener is in the form of a bolt or screw
which extends through the end face portion of the piston, and
in which the head of such bolt or screw is accessible from
the side of the end face portion which constitutes the
pressure receiving surface of the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
191 for a threaded fastener for securing a separable
connecting rod mounting means to a piston, said fastener
extending through an end face portion of the piston.
Subclass:
222
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the piston or a portion thereof is composed of (1) two
or more different materials (2) a single material which has
been treated to provide portions of the piston with specific
properties which are different from the properties of another
portion thereof (3) a specific material or (4) a welded
brazed or soldered joint.
(1) Note. Under part (3) the mere recitation that the piston
is formed of iron, steel or aluminum is excluded since such
subject matter is extremely common in this art. However
specifying, for example, a combination iron and steel or iron
and aluminum, or a specific alloy is included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
195 for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with a
separate spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt
radially, said spring member being normally formed of
material which is different from the material forming the
piston.
211 for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with an
element of diverse material extending through a wall of the
skirt, and abutting against a circumferentially extending
resilient ring positioned on the outer periphery of the
skirt.
212 for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with a
nonmetallic portion.
213 for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the end
face surface has portions thereof formed of different kinds
of material.
257 for a piston having a side wall portion interposed
between separable axially spaced rigid members.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses
for an alloy, per se. Class 420 also provides for a nominal
piston made of a specific alloy.
Subclass:
223
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which one of the materials is in the form of a thin layer of
metal applied to the surface of the end face or skirt-like
member of the piston and which forms a unitary part thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate
subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a
plural layer or coated article, and especially 375 for a
coated or bonded rod or strand. Class 428 takes a nominally
recited piston having a surface thereof provided with a
specific coating. However, a limitation in a claim that the
coated surface constitutes a specific part of the piston,
such as the head or skirt, for example, is considered a
structural limitation and indicates classification in Class
92.
Subclass:
224
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the end face portion of the piston is formed of
material which is different from the material forming a major
portion of the outer peripheral portion of the skirt-like
member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
213 for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the end
face surface has portions thereof formed of different kinds
of material.
223 for an open ended skirt-type piston in which the end
face or skirt is provided with a surface coating which
constitutes a material for such portion different from the
material forming the other portion.
Subclass:
225
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with an element formed of
material other than the material forming the skirt-like
member, said element being positioned in engagement with a
skirt portion, and being effective to restrain movement of
said skirt portion in a direction normal to the longitudinal
axis of the piston.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
195 for an open ended skirt-type piston provided with a
spring member for biasing a portion of the skirt radially,
said spring member being normally formed of material which is
different from the material forming the piston.
Subclass:
226
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in
which the element is in the form of a laminated plate-like
member in which the different laminae are composed of
different metals.
Subclass:
227
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in
which the element is in the form of a ring positioned about
the skirt-like member and forming a portion of the outer
periphery of the skirt-like member.
Subclass:
228
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Apparatus in
which the element is secured to the piston by having a
portion thereof embedded in a part of the piston in such a
way that removal of the member would require a distortion or
deformation of such element or piston part.
Subclass:
229
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Apparatus in
which the element comprises a ring-like member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
227 for an annular skirt expansion restraining element
positioned to encircle the outer periphery of the skirt.
Subclass:
230
This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Apparatus in
which the axis of the ring-like member extends transversely
to the longitudinal axis of the piston and is positioned to
encircle a projection on the piston which forms the
supporting bearing for a transversely extending piston rod
connecting pin.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 222. Apparatus
comprising a welded, brazed or soldered joint.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223 for an open ended skirt-type piston having a surface
portion thereof provided with a metal coating which is
molecularly bonded to the metal of the piston surface.
260 for a piston formed of parts which are welded, brazed or
soldered together.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the skirt-like member is provided with a slit or other
separation along the periphery thereof forming a pair of
spaced skirt portions, and means to bridge the space between
said portions comprising an inwardly bent web or corrugation
formed from the material of the skirt-like member, said web
or corrugation being resilient to allow relative movement
between said skirt portions.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the cross sectional shape of the skirt-like member for
a major portion of its longitudinal dimension is elliptical.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 for a noncircular piston.
Subclass:
234
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the skirt-like member is provided with an elongated
relatively narrow aperture extending through the wall thereof
normally for allowing relative movement between the parts of
the skirt-like member adjacent the aperture.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 174 for a
plurality of relatively movable working members, each working
member having spaced end faces and a common rotating shaft
connected to said working members between said spaced end
faces.
Subclass:
235
This subclass is indented under subclass 234. Apparatus in
which the elongated relatively narrow aperture extends
circumferentially of the skirt-like member in a direction
normal to the longitudinal axis of the piston.
Subclass:
236
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Apparatus
including another elongated relatively narrow aperture
extending in a direction which lies at an angle to the
direction of the first aperture.
Subclass:
237
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the free end of the skirt-like member has parts which
are circumferentially spaced from each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234 for a skirt provided with a narrow slit in the wall
thereof extending from the free end of said skirt.
Subclass:
238
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the piston is provided with an apertured connecting rod
pin support portion, all parts of said support portion being
located within the hollow skirt-like member and radially
spaced from the inner periphery of the skirt-like member
portion which lies immediately adjacent said connecting rod
pin support portion.
Subclass:
239
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Apparatus in
which the end face or the skirt portion is provided with (1)
a projecting formation in the form of a rib or corrugation or
(2) a rigid member secured to an end face and a skirt
portion.
Subclass:
240
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston includes around the periphery thereof a lip
made of flexible material and extending in a direction
axially of the piston, said lip being adapted to be in direct
contact with working fluid to be urged in a radial direction
thereby when the piston is in operative position in a working
chamber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194 for a piston having a side wall portion which includes a
peripheral axially extending flexible lip, and provided with
separate resilient means to bias the lip radially.
Subclass:
241
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus
including an element of a material other than the material
forming the lip, said element being embedded in the axially
extending lip for reinforcing the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254 for a piston having a flexible nonmetallic portion
provided with embedded reinforcing means.
Subclass:
242
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus
comprising a plurality of peripheral axially extending
flexible lips, said lips being spaced one from the other in a
direction extending along the piston axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
192 for a piston having a plurality of integrally formed
radially extending resilient metallic sealing tongues on the
side wall portion thereof.
Subclass:
243
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Apparatus in
which the spaced lips extend in opposite directions axially
of the piston.
Subclass:
244
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Apparatus in
which each of the axially spaced oppositely facing lips is
formed on separate independent members, which members are
secured together by means which allow separation of the
members from each other without in any way destroying or
permanently deforming the members or the means for forming
the members.
Subclass:
245
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus
comprising a cup-shaped element formed of flexible material
having an imperforate planar portion forming the bottom of
the cup and in which the peripheral lip forms the side wall
of the cup.
Subclass:
246
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Apparatus in
which the flexible lip is formed of metallic material.
(1) Note. A laminated lip forming member including layers of
metallic and nonmetallic material and in which the layer of
metallic material forms the outer periphery of the lip, which
is adapted to contact the working chamber wall is included
under this definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
192 for a piston having a plurality of integrally formed
radially extending resilient metallic sealing tongues on the
side wall portion thereof.
241 for a nonmetallic lip provided with embedded reinforcing
means, and in which the reinforcing means may be a metallic
element.
Subclass:
247
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston comprises a pair of spaced relatively
axially movable rigid members one of which comprises the end
face portion, and a radially movable element forming a side
wall portion of the piston interposed between said members so
that axial movement of said end face portion relative to said
other rigid member responsive to the pressure of working
fluid acting on said end face portion causes radial movement
of said element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205 for a piston provided with a side wall portion
positioned between a pair of axially spaced relatively
movable rigid members, and in which the axially spaced
members may be moved and held to different positions toward
or away from each other to effect radial adjustment of the
side wall portion.
Subclass:
248
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston includes a portion made of nonmetallic
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for a vane like oscillating piston provided with a
nonmetallic peripheral sealing portion.
212 for an open ended skirt type piston provided with a
nonmetallic portion.
Subclass:
249
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Apparatus in
which the nonmetallic material is of a type which is
pliable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for an oscillating vane type piston provided with a
nonmetallic peripheral sealing portion.
Subclass:
250
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in
which the pliable nonmetallic portion forms a side wall
portion and is interposed between a pair of axially spaced
relatively axially movable separate rigid elements.
Subclass:
251
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Apparatus in
which the flexible nonmetallic portion comprises two or more
separate independent elements extending in axially aligned
relation.
Subclass:
252
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Apparatus in
which the pliable nonmetallic portion comprises three or more
separate independent axially aligned pliable nonmetallic
elements.
Subclass:
253
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus in
which the flexible portion forms a side wall portion of the
piston and includes a pair of axially spaced flexible
elements having a nonflexible member interposed between said
elements.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
251 for two or more axially spaced flexible nonmetallic
elements interposed between separable rigid members, and
including a rigid spacer member positioned between said
elements.
Subclass:
254
This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Apparatus
including means formed of a material other than the material
forming the flexible nonmetallic portion of the piston, said
means being embedded in the flexible nonmetallic portion for
reinforcing the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for a piston having a peripheral axially extending
flexible lip provided with a reinforcing means embedded in
the lip. Note "Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents
Involving Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the
Class Definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this class.
Subclass:
255
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus in
which the piston is formed of a plurality of members joined
together by means which allow separation of the parts from
each other without in any way destroying or permanently
deforming any of the members or the means for joining the
parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for a connecting rod pivotally connected to a piston.
216 for an open ended hollow skirt type piston formed of
plural separable parts. Note "Statement Relating To Placement
Of Patents Involving Combination And Subcombination
Subclasses" of the Class Definition and the paragraph
following the title in the schedule of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 127 for a piston of
a drive motor formed of plural separate parts in which said
piston forms an impacting hammer head.
403, Joints and Connections, 230 for a joint between a rod
and a plate or head. Class 403 takes a joint between a plate
or head and a rod even though the plate or head and rod are
disclosed and nominally included as a piston and piston rod.
Class 92 takes the above combination where some feature of
the piston other than that which relates to the joint is
included. For a further statement of the line between Class
92 and Class 403, see References To Other Classes of the
class definition of this class (92). Class 92 takes a joint
between metallic parts where the sole disclosure is directed
to a piston for an expansible chamber device.
Subclass:
256
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus in
which the members are secured together by means of a separate
fastening element in the form of a spring-like device for
effecting a resiliently movable connection between the
members.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 for a piston in which the end face portion is movable
relative to another portion of said piston, and having a
spring device interposed between said portions, such that
movement of the end face portion responsive to the action of
the motive fluid will effect compression of said spring
device.
215 for an open ended skirt type piston in which the end
face portion is secured to the skirt portion by means of a
resilient element.
Subclass:
257
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus
comprising a side wall forming portion and two axially spaced
rigid members, said side wall forming portion being
interposed between said members, said members being
detachably secured together.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205 for a piston having a side wall portion interposed
between a pair of separable axially spaced rigid members and
in which movement of the rigid members toward or away from
each other effects radial adjustment of said side wall
portion
250 for a piston having a flexible nonmetallic side wall
portion interposed between separable axially spaced rigid
members.
Subclass:
258
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Apparatus in
which the means for detachably securing the members together
comprises a rigid elongated stem or rod, the axis of which
coincides with the axis of the members.
Subclass:
259
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Apparatus in
which the piston includes a side wall portion which abuts and
is movable relative to another part, the abutting surfaces of
said side wall portion and the other part being bevelled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 and the subclasses there noted for a radially adjustable
side wall portion, in which the adjustment is effected by
relative movement between the side wall portion and a piston
part in which said portion and part have abutting bevelled
surfaces.
Subclass:
260
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Apparatus
comprising a welded, brazed or soldered joint.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231 for an open ended skirt-type piston having a portion
thereof welded, brazed or soldered to another portion. Note
"Statement Relating To Placement Of Patents Involving
Combination And Subcombination Subclasses" of the Class
Definition and the paragraph following the title in the
schedule of this class.
Subclass:
261
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter not provided for in other subclasses.
(1) Note. For example this subclass includes a housing for a
mechanical motion converting linkage or transmission
disclosed as being interconnected with an expansible chamber
device, and not classifiable elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
147 for a housing or support for a rotatable shaft combined
with a plurality of unitarily mounted cylinders.
161 for a support or frame for an expansible chamber device
which may include a housing or support for a rotatable
shaft.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
a machine element or mechanism enclosed within a casing or
housing. Class 74 takes a housing for a crankshaft, or other
Class 74 element where some detail of the crankshaft or other
element is set forth in the claim. However the claiming of a
gear as part of the device enclosed within the casing will
effect classification in Class 74 even though no detail of
the gear is set forth. Class 92 takes a casing for a shaft or
other Class 74 element, where disclosed as being associated
with an expansible chamber device, either, per se, or where
such element is nominally claimed, unless such structure is
classifiable elsewhere on other features.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclass 195 for a
crankcase for an internal combustion engine.
384, Bearings, 429 for a crankshaft plain bearing and
subclasses 457+ for a crankshaft antifriction bearing which
may include a housing or casing for the shaft. The nominal
recitation of the crankshaft will not preclude placement in
Class 384.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000