U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 083
CUTTING
Class Definition:
Class 83 is the residual locus of patents directed to methods
and machines for penetrating material, without substantial
reshaping flow of such material, by means of (1) a solid
tool, or fluid current, either of which applies mechanical
deforming force to the material by direct physical contact
therewith, the fluid current forcing the material against a
solid tool whose edge defines the line of cut; (2) a heated
solid tool which directly engages the material (to effect
penetration thereof by melting, or by transmission of
mechanical energy, or both); or (3) opposed, controlled fluid
currents.
(A) Specifically (as well as implicitly) excluded, is a
patent to apparatus or process for cutting by the
transmission of heat to the work material from a hot gas,
such as flame cutting (for the location of which, see Lines
With Other Classes, subsection A, Relationship to Other
Classes Including, per se, Cutting, Severing, or Incising,
paragraph 8, Classes related to flame or other
heat-cutting).
(B) While a disclosure of the production of a reshaping flow,
in the operation of its apparatus or accomplishment of its
method, will preclude original placement of a patent in this
class, a disclosure of a flow of the material which is
inherent in, or purely incidental to, the act of cutting will
not operate as such a bar. The following types of factual
situations illustrate the rule:
(1) A disclosure that the work material flows, due to
melting, will not preclude placement herein of the patent so
disclosing; but the further teach-that the flow accomplishes
a significant or definable reshaping of the work beyond that
inherent in the penetration there-of will bar such placement.
Exemplary of such reshaping is the formation of a rim or
bead around a hole coincident with the penetration which
forms the hole.
(2) A patent to a cutting machine or process employing a tool
which, as disclosed, creates a flow of the material while
penetrating the material only partially (that is, it fails to
reach the surface opposite the surface of entry) will be
excluded from this class only if there is a teaching from
which it can be fairly inferred that there is no severance of
the surface fibres of the work, but rather that the material
is compacted, creased, forged or otherwise plastic worked,
thus indicating that the reshaping is not an incident of a
cutting operation. A disclosure that a "cutting" tool
penetrates only partially through tacky, flowable, or green,
plastic work material (such as soft synthetic "plastics",
food dough, etc.) will be considered to supply such a
teaching, unless (by the same disclosure) the work attains
its flowable or soft condition by the action of the cutting
tool (e.g., a hot tool). If such tool is disclosed as
softening or plasticizing the work, a patent directed to same
would be proper for this class (83).
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
SCOPE OF CLASS 83
Class 83 is an elemental or basic class. That is, its subject
matter is restricted (so far as possible) to means for, or
steps of, accomplishing the following functions: cutting
something (the "work"); or cutting, and handling the work to
be cut; or cutting, and handling the product of the cutting
operation. As a result, the great preponderance of patents
directed to cutting combined with some other work treatment
will be found in the respective class of the other treatment
or in some more general class of combined operations, such as
Class 156 or Class 29 (particularly subclasses 33+ and 566+).
The few exceptions to this general statement are set forth
explicitly in section II, Lines With Other Classes,
subsection B, Relationship to Other Treating Classes (which
appears later in this class definition).
The class does not act as the sole repository for patents
directed to cutting machines or even to cutting machines of
the functional types signalized in the subclasses of the
class. Based upon past development of the system of patent
classification, such patents are to be found in many classes,
their disposition depending mainly upon the nature of the
material disclosed as constituting work for the cutting
operation. A listing of such classes is included in Lines
With Other Classes, subsection A, Relationship to Other
Classes Including, per se, Cutting, Severing, or Incising
(which appears later in this class definition). With respect
to such classes, Class 83 is residual.
As an incident of such residual nature, this class will not
receive for original placement a patent disclosing
alternative embodiments (claimed generically, or with a
specific claim to each), one of a type proper for this class
and one of a type related to another cutting class or
subclass. Nor will it so receive a patent disclosing two
purposes for a claimed cutting machine, one general or
related to the art of this class (as shearing metal) and
another specific to another cutting class or subclass (as,
for instance, cutting plastic block or earthenware; or nail
making). In both such cases, the original patent will be
placed in the other cutting class or subclass.
A. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER CLASSES INCLUDING, PER SE, CUTTING,
SEVERING, OR INCISING
The following enumeration and discussion of such classes,
although including the loci of patents relating to many and
varied types of cutting, does not purport to be exhaustive:
1. The class of cutting implements, Class 30.
Other than as governed by the exception set forth immediately
following description 4 below, a patent is deemed to be
directed to a cutting implement, and thus to be placeable
originally in Class 30, if its claimed subject matter fits
any one of following descriptions:
a. A cutting device which as an entirety is disclosed to be
supported or held against the force of gravity by the
operator during cutting.
b. A cutting device which as an entirety is disclosed as
deriving from the work a substantial amount of its support
against gravity (i.e., work-supported) during cutting,
including a cutting device which is disclosed as being guided
and supported during cutting by a member which is itself
supported on the work (i) a cutting device which is
disclosed as having a loose, work supported tool and powered
means for driving the tool into the work, will be placed in
Class 83; (ii) a cutting device which includes means to
affix, hold, or positively locate a portion of the device
relative to the work, for support of the device against
gravity, and means to guide movement of the cutter relative
to the work-affixed or work-located portion, will be placed
in Class 83; (iii) a cutting device which includes (1) means
to position or positively locate a portion of the device
relative to the work in such a manner that said portion
remains in said relative position during cutting and (2)
means to guide the cutter in predetermined path with respect
to said portion, will be placed in Class 83.
c. A cutting device which is disclosed as being capable of
movement in a random path instantaneously under the control
of the operator during cutting, including a cutter suspended
or supported near the work; e.g., a cutter mounted at one end
of a flexible shaft whose other end is anchored to a table,
or a cutter suspended from a trolley, or a cutter mounted on
a steerable vehicle.
d. A cutting device of the type referred to in the preceding
paragraph in combination with a work support or work holder
wherein neither the cutting tool itself nor the tool support
is modified or constructed to either constrain the motion of
the cutter or to guide it in a predetermined path with
respect to the work support or work holder.
However, a patent drawn to a device including a cutting tool
and means to support a reserve stock of the work in which the
work supply is in the form of a web or strand wrapped upon
itself and the supply is supported for rotation upon an axis
will be placed originally in this class (83) even though it
fits one or more of the above listed descriptions.
A patent for the combination of a cutting device meeting any
of the criteria set forth above and a work holder provided
for in Class 269 will be placed originally in Class 30,
although a patent for the work holder, per se, will be placed
in Class 269.
A patent which only claims a cutting tool nominally, that is,
in which the claimed structure does not sufficiently define a
cutting tool substantially in its ultimate use form, or
elements, adjuncts, or materials structurally limited to such
use, is regarded as proper subject matter for original
placement in Class 428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous
Articles.
2. The class of severing by tearing or breaking.
Class 225 includes patents for process or apparatus for
severing determinate portions of work material by causing
failure of the work under tension at the point or line of
separation, effected by moving one part of the work relative
to another part. In such devices or processes, the tension
is applied by stretching, bending, twisting, manually or
mechanically grasping the work on one side of a fixed edge
and forcing it against the edge, or moving a breaking or
tearing tool and supported work material relative to each
other. Also included in the reference class are tearing or
breaking devices combined with any other type of severing
means.
For a detailed statement of the distinction between Classes
83 and 225, see the (1) Note and (2) Note under section I,
Class Definition, subsection B, Breaking or Tearing, of Class
225.
3. The class of comminuting.
Class 241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
includes original patents for process or apparatus directed
to the cutting or severing of solid material into a number of
smaller solid masses, which smaller masses do not have
imparted to them any desired or significant shape. As
between Classes 83 and 241, the provision of means for (or
steps of) retaining an original dimension of the work in the
cut up product will exclude a patent for the apparatus (or
process) from Class 241.
4. The class of selective cutting.
The art of selective cutting is collected in Class 234,
Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching). The distinction between
a selective cutting device or a method of selective cutting
(either of which is proper for Class 234) and a cutting means
or method of this class (83) is set forth in the following
statement:
Class 234 is superior to Class 83, and takes or contains
original patents directed to cutting devices as defined in
Class 83 which are further distinguished by the claimed
inclusion of a plurality of cutting tool pairs and an
actuating power train for each pair (one power train may be
common to all), so that power may be delivered to any or all
pairs for any cutting cycle, and wherein each and all of the
tool pairs assembled in the machine are constantly available
to be chosen for cutting or noncutting (in any desired
number, from one to the total number available) by (a) a
pattern (b) combinational coding means {defined in section
III, Glossary, of the class definition of Class 234,
Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching)}, or (c) means not a part
of the tool actuating power train and which does not partake
of all the movements of either tool or the pair; which
pattern or means conditions which pair so chosen to (a)
enable, or (b) prevent, a cutting operation thereby when its
driving power train is actuated.
The distinction expressed above is intended to exclude from
Class 234 patents for devices wherein, for example, (a) there
is no distinct conditioning means {see U.S. Patent No.
682,197 (subclass 225 of Class 83) to Hollerith: each punch
is selected and actuated by its individual key-connected
linkage}; or (b) less than the whole number of tools is
constantly available {see U.S. Patent No. 878,775 (subclass
552 of Class 83) to Colbert: a turret of tools}; or (c) the
tool conditioning means move bodily with their associated
tools {see U.S. Patent No. 746,625 (subclass 559 of Class 83)
to Allen: manipulable locking pins are fixed to the tools};
and is intended to include, for example, devices wherein a
tool-actuating power train common to all tools is tripped,
manually or automatically, after operation of selected
conditioning means {see U.S. Patent No. 1,110,261 (234/111)
to Hollerith: initial depression of a key conditions one
punch for actuation, and further depression of the key trips
a common punch hammer or actuator}, and devices wherein a
plurality of combinations of less than the total number of
tools are actuated or conditioned for actuation, by coding
means (see U.S. Patent No. 422,728 to Clark: a turret of
coded interposers is positionable to select groups of tools
from an array thereof).
5. The class of mechanical manufacturing (metal working).
The class of reference (29, Metal Working) includes patents
for machines for bias cutting of tubular stock (subclasses
2.1+); shredding metal; e.g., metal wool making (subclass
4.51+); spiral cutting of flat stock (subclass 20.1); and
filing (subclass 76.1). Patents for files and rasps are found
in subclasses 78+.
6. The class of presses.
The class of reference, (100, Presses) includes patents for
reciprocating press structures, which (as both claimed and
disclosed) may perform, alternatively, a cutting operation or
some other forming operation (such as forging, drawing,
bending), as well as patents containing such equivocal
disclosures of forming devices that the type of forming
operation such devices are intended to perform cannot be
ascertained accurately.
7. The class of abrading.
With few exceptions (such as those found in Class 132,
Toilet), patents claiming a cutting means, or a step
involving the use of a cutting means, which (as disclosed) is
composed of crystalline material-removing particles, are
placed originally in Class 451, Abrading.
8. Classes related to flame or other heat-cutting.
In addition to the classes enumerated below, it will be noted
that subclasses 18.1+ of Class 33, Geometrical Instruments,
contained original patents for flame-cutting scribers, and
that Class 65, Glass Manufacturing, subclass 113, provides
for glass preform treating including flame severing, and
subclasses 269+ provides for glassworking means including
flame severing means.
a. The class of metal treatment.
Subclasses 194+ of Class 148, Metal Treatment, includes
original patents for methods of flame-cutting metals.
b. The class of metallurgical apparatus.
Original patents for flame-cutting apparatus are collected in
subclasses 48+ of Class 266, Metallurgical Apparatus. In
addition, subclass 271 of Class 266 contains original patents
for devices used for drilling or cutting taphole plugs of
metallurgical furnaces.
c. The class of combustion.
Class 431, Combustion, contains original patents for a torch
comprising a fluid fuel distributor and a feature which
specializes it for producing a flame; e.g., pilot burner
etc., or which depends on the heat generated by the flame to
perform its function; e.g., vaporize fuel.
d. The class of electric heating.
Class 219, Electric Heating, includes original patents
directed to methods or apparatus effective to sever, part, or
burn or melt away, a portion of a workpiece without using a
solid tool which engages and penetrates the work. Examples
will be found in subclasses 68+.
e. The class of fluid sprinkling, spraying, and diffusing.
Class 239, Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,
includes original patents for fluid distributing nozzles or
tips, per se, even though disclosed as burners.
9. Classes related to the cutting of metal.
In addition to the classes enumerated herein, attention is
invited to the discussion of patents directed to improvements
in the flame- or heat-cutting arts, contained in paragraph H,
above.
a. The class of nail making.
Patents directed to apparatus for cutting nails to shape are
found as originals in subclasses 157+ and 192+ of Class 470,
Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and
Apparatus.
b. The class of chain, staple, and horseshoe making.
Cutting machines disclosed as being useful in making such
products are the subject of patents in subclass 29 of Class
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making.
c. The class of tool making.
A patent for a cutting machine or process employed in the
manufacture of a tool will be found, as an original copy, in
Class 76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, (e.g., in
subclasses 12+, 28, 29, 30, 31+, 37+, 82+).
d. The class of wireworking.
Patents for methods of, or means for, cutting wire will be
found, as original copies, in many subclasses of Class 140,
Wireworking, particularly subclasses 58+, 66, and 67.
e. The class of type casting.
Original copies of patents for machines or processes for
cutting cast type are included in subclass 59 of Class 199,
Type Casting.
f. A patent directed to cutting metal (or other hard
substance whose cutting is not the subject of a subclass is
some other class) will be placed originally in one of the
following classes, if not earlier placed on the basis of
product (e.g., nails) according to the criteria expressed:
i. Class 408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
will take original patents to machines for making a hole,
reducing the outside of a round workpiece, trepanning, screw
threading either the outside or the inside of a tubular
workpiece, as well as any other cutting operation by use of a
tool turning about an axis and moving along that axis toward
a workpiece; provided, there is no additional motion of the
operating tool. Class 408 is intended to ultimately include
all cutting in the manner provided in the definition of that
class; however, not all classes have now been screened for
art proper for Class 408. Included among the classes likely
to include patents proper for Class 408 that have not been
screened are Classes 82, 142, and 451.
ii. Class 82, Turning. Original patents for devices or
processes for severing or cutting off work, wherein the
cutting movements of tool and work relative to each other
include (1) rotation of either or both about an axis passing
through the work (except as provided for in Class 408) and
(2) relative translation substantially normal to said axis,
are in Class 82 as meeting the general concepts of
"turning".
iii. Class 409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, includes
original patents for a process and apparatus for shaping
material, usually metal, by means of (1) a toothed rotary
cutter to produce an article of desired configuration or (2)
a nonrotary tool for making a series of comparatively light
cuts or a series of such tools, between which tool(s) and the
workpiece there is a relative reciprocatory movement in
substantially a straight line. Generally, Class 409 is broad
enough to take any patent for shaping by means of a toothed
rotary cutter not provided for in Class 77 or Class 82.
Included in Class 409, subclasses 288+, is a patent for a
single edge cutter device which shapes work (e.g., grooving,
shaving, slotting, or flash trimming) by means of relative
movement between tool and work in one or more passes. See (1)
Note under Class 409, subclass 288.
10. Classes related to the cutting of wood.
a. The class of coopering.
Patents for machines adapted to cut barrels, or staves
therefor, will be found as original copies in many subclasses
of Class 147.
b. Other patents whose claimed method or apparatus is
disclosed as being directed to the cutting of wood will be
placed originally in the proper woodworking class; Class 142,
Wood Turning; Class 144, Woodworking (including pencil
sharpening in subclasses 28.1+); or Class 30, Cutlery
(including pencil sharpening implements in subclasses 451+);
except for patents directed to veneer-web or -sheet clippers
(including those intended to cut a layer to be laminated)
which are placed in this class (83).
11. Classes related (in whole or in part) to cutting the
earth or the fruits thereof in situ, or well tubing imbedded
in the earth.
A patent directed to a machine or process for accomplishing
any one of the above enumerated purposes will be placed in
the appropriate earth exploring or exploiting, or
agricultural, class. A list (not intended as exhaustive) of
such classes follows: 37, Excavating; 47, Plant Husbandry;
56, Harvesters; 111, Planting; 166, Wells; 171, Unearthing
Plants or Buried Objects; 172, Earth Working (e.g.,
subclasses 13-22); 175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth; 299,
Mining or In Situ Disintegration of Hard Material.
12. Classes related to the cutting of plastic material,
stone, or hard glass.
A patent directed to apparatus for cutting plastic, green
ceramic or cementitious preformed material will be found as
an original in Class 83 unless shaping other than by cutting
is involved. See Class 65, Glass Manufacturing, appropriate
subclasses for a process of, or apparatus for, cutting or
scoring glass combined with glassworking or treating, and
subclass 133 for a process of severing a stream of molten
glass and also see the collection of search notes under
subclasses 112 and 133; Class 125, Stone Working, for stone
cutting; Class 264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping
or Treating: Processes, particularly subclasses 138+ for a
process of plastic shaping by or with cutting; and Class 425,
Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating:
Apparatus, for means shaping or reshaping of plastic material
combined with cutting means.
13. Classes related to the treatment, care, or handling of
living animal (including human) bodies.
a. The class of surgery.
A patent directed to the cutting of a live animal body will
be placed as an original copy in Class 128, Surgery.
b. The class of dentistry.
Original patents for devices for trimming plaster bases of
dental models will be found in subclass 38 of Class 433,
Dentistry.
c. The class of toilet.
Patents for cutting, scraping, or filing devices, disclosed
as useful in manicure or pedicure operations, are placed
originally in subclasses 75.4+ and 75.8 of Class 132.
d. The class of farriery.
The reference class (168), in subclass 48.1+, contains
original patents to apparatus for sawing, milling, scraping,
filing, or otherwise cutting animal hooves.
e. The class of fishing, trapping, and vermin destroying.
In addition to the typical fish hook and tackle therefor, the
class of reference (43) contains patents for such cutting
devices as spears and harpoons subclass 6 and impaling traps
subclasses 77+.
14. Classes related to the preparation of food.
a. The class of butchery.
A patent directed to the cutting of the dead body of a
previously living creature, preparatory to its use as food,
will be found in Class 452, Butchering. For instance,
patents relating to fowl beheading, carcass splitting, or
fish cutting are found, respectively, in subclasses 12, 23,
or 53+ thereof.
b. Bakery and confectionery type foods.
A manipulative process of shaping edibles combined with
preform severing is provided for in Class 99, Foods and
Beverages: Apparatus, subclasses 450.1+ and 537+, whereas
comparable apparatus is provided for in Class 425, Plastic
Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,
appropriate subclasses. Cutting of edible preforms, per se,
is provided for by Class 83 whereas severing of same by
tearing or breaking is provided for by Class 225.
c. Other classes of food cutting.
A patent directed to one of the following types of food
cutting will be placed originally in the appropriate food
preparation class: Class 99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus,
for a cutting device which is adapted to a peculiar
characteristic of the food, or wherein the cutting device
separates distinguishable portions of the food, (e.g., leafy
top portion, seeds, core, skin portion, eyes, etc.).
15. Classes related to the working of leather, skins, or
hides.
a. The class of leather working.
Class 69, Leather Manufactures, includes patents directed to
means and processes for splitting, skiving, defleshing,
whitening, or buffing of hides or leather, and for cutting,
(per se), in the production of certain articles typical of
the class (e.g., leather straps, the subject of patents in
subclass 17 of Class 69).
b. The class of boot and shoe making.
Patents for cutting means or methods specialized or
peculiarly adapted to operation upon footgear are placed
originally in Class 12, Boot and Shoe Making, particularly
subclasses 27, 28, 40, 41.05, 41.7, 46, 47, 47.1, 57.5+, 62,
and 85+.
16. Textile classes.
a. The class of cloth finishing.
Subclasses 7+ of Class 26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing,
constitutes the locus of original patents limited to
apparatus or process for severing threads or fibers
projecting from textile fabrics. Such patents may relate,
for instance, to shearing or to the cutting of float threads,
pile loops, or weft ends.
b. The class of fiber preparation.
Patents for "tow-to-top" staplizing machines or methods are
placed originally in Class 19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation.
The type of severance therein involved is that in which a
bundle of filaments of indefinite length (termed "tow") is
subjected to a treatment which reduces the individual
filaments to staple length fibers without disrupting the
continuity or integrity of the bundle (which, when emerging
from the machine or processes, is known as "top"). In Class
83, on the other hand, are found patents for machines or
processes for the reduction of isolated individual filaments
to staple length fibers (for instance, Beria-type cutters) or
for the disruptive reduction of filament bundles to such
fibers, in both cases without further textile treatment.
c. The class of weaving.
Original copies of patents for cutting devices mounted on
loom parts (e.g., temple mounted cutters) are found in
subclasses 302+ of Class 139.
d. The class of sewing machines.
Patents for cutting devices disclosed as attached to sewing
machines will be found, as original copies, in subclasses 45
and 285-301 of Class 112.
e. The class of apparel apparatus.
Means for trimming the bottoms of dresses or skirts, for
trimming hat brims, or for cutting (e.g., clipping) the nap
of hats comprise subject matter of patents in subclasses 1.1,
16, and 19 of Class 223.
f. The general class of textiles.
Subclass 144 of the class of reference (28, Textiles)
contains original patents for machines for making chenille
yarn by cutting a woven fabric.
17. Classes pertaining to the communications and information
arts.
a. The class of typewriters.
Subclasses 127+ and 135+ of Class 400, Typewriting Machines,
includes original copies of patents drawn to keyboard
operated means for cutting intelligence-bearing indicia, as,
for instance, stencil cutting, and to processes utilizing
such means.
b. The class of printing.
Generally speaking, the recording of intelligence by cutting
is proper subject matter for Class 101, Printing. More
particularly, individual cases of cutting machines or method
may be tested for aptness to Class 101 by reference to the
following statements:
i. A patent for a machine or process for cutting on or
adjacent the printed or written matter on a document to
prevent unauthorized or fraudulent alteration of such matter
due to the proximity of the cut surfaces to the printed or
written matter (e.g., check protecting) will be placed
originally in Class 101, subclasses 3.1+.
ii. A patent for a machine or process for cutting work in the
form of a character, a design, or a pattern which will impart
information to an observer is proper for Class 101,
subclasses 3.1+, if a cut is disclosed as extending only part
way through the thickness of the work (e.g., embossing). If
all of the cuts forming such character, design, or pattern
are disclosed as extending all the way through the thickness
of the work, the patent will be found in Class 83.
iii. If in addition to a cutting machine or process of this
class (83) there is claimed a means or step peculiar to Class
101, (e.g., the application of ink to the cutting tool to
additionally outline or mark an aperture made by the punch),
such addition has been considered sufficient to place a
patent directed to such combination in Class 101, subclasses
3.1+. This is in accordance with the general rule that a
patent for a combination of cutting with another treatment of
the work will be placed in the class of the other treatment.
(See subsection B, Relationship to Other Treating Classes,
below).
iv. An original patent claiming both the process and
apparatus for the manufacture of stencils by cutting, or only
such process, will be found in Class 101, subclass 128.4.
c. The class of recorders.
A process or apparatus which would be otherwise proper for
Class 346, Recorders, will not be removed from the scope of
that class merely by virtue of the fact that the recordation,
as claimed, is accomplished by an incising or penetrating
means or method step.
d. The class of registers.
Original patents directed to means for cutting or punching a
record medium, in response to the results of the operation of
a calculating machine or register, will be found in Class
235, Registers, particularly subclasses 58+ and 60.27+
(especially subclass 60.29).
e. The class of railway signaling.
Patents for apparatus which cuts or punches a record medium,
in response to the operation of a block-signal system or of a
cab signal or train control device, are placed originally in
subclasses 107 and 185 (respectively) of Class 246, Railway
Switches and Signals.
f. The class of telegraphy.
A patent for a cutting device which is actuated by means
responsive to a teles:graphically transmitted signal will be
placed originally in Class 178, Telegraphy, those in subclass
92 being typical.
g. The class of binder devices releasably engaging aperture
or notch of sheet.
A sheet binder device of that class (402) (i) in combination
with a discrete sheet aperture forming device, which device
perforates a sheet prior to placing the same on the retainer,
(ii) including means to force a sheet upon the sheet retainer
and (iii) including a sheet retainer which penetrates and
inserts a pliant strand through a sheet will be found in
subclasses 1, 7, and 25, respectively, of Class 402.
18. Receptacle classes.
a. The class of deposit and collection receptacles.
Patents claiming a ticket receiving and collection
receptacle, with means to punch or cut tickets introduced
into the receptacle, will be found placed originally in Class
232, Deposit and Collection Receptacles.
b. The class of special receptacles.
Patents for cigar- or tobacco-containing receptacles having
an attached cutter are placed originally in Class 206,
Special Receptacle or Package, subclasses 238+.
c. The class of paper receptacles.
Original patents for paper receptacles with attached means
for opening a receptacle by cutting, tearing, or ripping will
be found in subclasses 87.05, 200+, and 307 of Class 229,
Envelopes, Wrappers, and Paperboard Boxes.
d. The class of metallic receptacles.
Subclasses 265+ of Class 220, Receptacles, includes original
patents for general-utility receptacles with attached openers
which function to open the receptacle by cutting part
thereof.
19. Certain other classes distinguished by the nature or
identity of work or product.
a. The class of tobacco.
Patents for machines which are disclosed as being specially
adapted to the cutting of tobacco or cigars will be found, as
original copies, in subclasses 248+ and 281 of Class 131.
(Patents for tobacco cutting machines of more general utility
are placed originally in appropriate subclasses of Classes 30
and 83).
b. The class of button making.
Patented machines or processes for cutting button blanks are
disclosed in subclasses 15 and 16 of Class 79.
c. The class of brush, broom, and mop making.
The class of reference (300) includes a subclass (17)
restricted to the, per se, trimming of articles of the class.
Most of the devices represented by patents therein operate
to accomplish such trimming by cutting.
d. The class of wheelwright machines.
Patents directed to machines and processes for lacerating or
buffing the exterior surface of vehicle tires are collected
in subclass 13 of Class 157, Wheelwright Machines, except
those claiming an abrading means or step, which latter are to
be found in Class 451, Abrading.
e. The class of ships.
Patents for ships carrying means to cut or break ice are
placed originally in subclasses 40-42 of Class 114.
f. The class of chemical manufacture and adhesive bonding of
articles.
Class, 156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical
Manufacture, provides in subclasses 625+ for severing a
workpiece by the action of a reactive or solvent fluid. It
also provides for the combination of laminating and cutting
in subclasses 250+ and 510+.
20. The class of geometrical instruments.
Subclasses 18.1+ of Class 33, Geometrical Instruments,
include original patents for means for scoring or indenting a
reference point, respectively.
B. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER TREATING CLASSES
1. This class is an elementary class and generally does not
include patents claiming the combination of a cutting method
or means with a process or apparatus for other treatment(s).
Certain specific exceptions to this general rule exist, as
follows:
a. Heating or cooling work and cutting same.
Subject matter of subclasses 15+ and 170.
b. Cleaning work and cutting same;
subject matter of subclass 168.
2. Means for, or steps of, performing certain other
operations whose character as treating or nontreating
operations, it is recognized, will vary with individual
judgement also are included in patents of this class in
claimed combination with cutting instrumentalities or steps,
as follows:
a. Weighing the cut product in subclass 77.
b. Separating or assorting product in subclasses 102+
c. Applying a transient, nonpropellant fluid (e.g., lubricant
or coolant) to work in subclasses 22 and 169.
d. Temporarily deforming work; in subclasses 17+, 175, and
176.
e. Unwinding material from, or supporting material on, a
spool, beam, bobbin, or the like, for presentation to a
cutting device for operation thereon; note particularly
subclasses 649+. (The combination of a cutting machine and
significantly claimed means for winding the product thereof
is subject matter for Class 242, Winding, Tensioning, or
Guiding, as is the Combination of a winding machine and a
means to cut the tail, extending from a package wound by such
machine, from the source of material to be wound. See Class
242, subclasses 487.1+, 521, and 522+.
3. As to methods, the claimed recitation of a step of
performing a treatment other than cutting will exclude a
patent from original placement in this class, regardless of
whether such treating step is claimed in detail.
4. In interpreting a claimed combination of cutting and
noncutting treating means, a purely nominal recitation of the
other (noncutting) treating means will not exclude an
original patent from this class if all of the following
conditions are met:
a. No means or instrumentality is claimed as being
synchronized with the other treating means.
b. A single material handling means presents work to both
such treating means; or, the means which presents material
(as work) to a second treating means in line is the means
which removes it (as product) from a first treating means in
line.
c. No support or guide means is claimed as orienting or
redirecting the material (work or product) between treating
means.
C. RELATIONSHIP TO MATERIAL HANDLING CLASSES
1. Product handling means.
a. This class (83) receives original patents claiming
significantly both a cutting tool of the class and means to
separate or assort portions of the product resulting from the
cutting operation. An original patent claiming such
separating or assorting means in structural terms, and the
cutting tool in nominal terms only, will be placed in Class
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids.
b. Original patents drawn to the combination of cutting means
of this class and product weighing means which does not
govern the operation of the cutting means will be placed in
this class (83) without regard to the degree of specificity
with which the cutting means is claimed therein. If the
weighing means is claimed as controlling a cutting device,
which cutting device terminates feed or flow of material to
the weighing means, a patent thereto is placed originally in
Class 177, Weighing Scales.
c. As to other product handling devices (i.e.,
instrumentalities which effect or affect motion of the
product of a cutting machine), the claimed combination of
such device with a cutting machine constitutes subject matter
for this class (83), regardless of the degree of specificity
with which the cutting means is claimed.
2. Work handling means.
a. As between this class (83) and Classes 193, Conveyors,
Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways; 198, Conveyors:
Power-Driven; 212, Traversing Hoists; 414, Material or
Article Handling; 226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate
Length; 406, Conveyors: Fluid Current; and 271, Sheet
Feeding or Delivering; the claimed recitation in purely
nominal terms, of a cutting instrumentality with respect to
which a work handling means may move or feed work will not of
itself exclude placement of an original patent for such work
handling means in the respective material handling class
listed above. However, when such instrumentality is set
forth with structural specificity, the claimed congregation
of elements is properly placed with the work modifying
instrumentality (class 83). For example: A claim reciting a
structurally defined work handling means (not claimed as
synchronized with a work modifying means), and a "work
station" (or "tool station", or "work modifying means", or
"tool", or "cutter", or "punch", or "knife", etc.) in so many
words, is properly placed on the basis of the work handling
means. A claim reciting a work handling means and, for
instance, a work station including a "reciprocating tool
element", or a "tapered tool", or a "round cutter", or a
"rotary punch", is properly placed in the class of the
specific tool set forth. The true test for proper placement
in this class (83) is whether or not the combination of a
tool and work-feed means is a significant
tool-to-work-relationship. For further notes on this
relationship see (2) Note, under subclass 703 of this class
(83) referring to Class 414.
c. Further, this class (83) receives original patents
claiming a cutting tool (of the type provided for in the
class) synchronized with or in power-transmitting driving
relation with, a work handling means, regardless of whether
such tool is claimed significantly or merely nominally.
3. Tool handling means.
Class 483 provides for a Class 83 cutting process or
apparatus combined with tool changing.
D. RELATIONSHIP TO CLASS OF TOOL DRIVING OR IMPACTING
Class 173, Tool Driving or Impacting, provides for subject
matter directed to driving or impacting a tool, when such
subject matter includes combined features peculiar to tool
driving, but which does not include features limiting the
subject matter to a specific tool art such as specific shape
of the work contacting portion of a tool, related tools, or
an opposed work support. Class 83 has not been cleared as to
subject matter in conflict with this line.
E. RELATIONSHIP TO THE CLASS OF WORK HOLDERS
This relationship is set forth in section II, Lines With
Other Classes, of the class definition for Class 269.
F. STRUCTURE OF THE CLASS
1. A perusal of the first line or skeleton schedule of the
class will reveal that the class is composed of a relatively
small number of major subclass groups. Generally, in order of
superiority, these major subclass groups provide search
fields for:
a. a method including a step of cutting (subclasses 13-56).
b. noncyclic means to halt or prevent motion of a part or all
of a cutting machine (subclasses 58-68).
c. means to monitor and control operation of a cutting
machine (subclasses 72-76).
d. means to handle the product of a cutting operation
(subclasses 78-166).
e. means to cut hollow work from the inside (subclasses
178-195).
f. means to cut work while cyclically halted (subclasses
202-283).
g. a flying cutter (subclasses 284-349).
h. a cutter (of a type other than those previously
enumerated) synchronized with work moving means (subclasses
350-357).
i. a cutting machine with an appurtenance such as a clamp,
work stop or gauge, work guide; firstly, synchronized with
the tool cycle (subclasses 373-398), and secondly, not so
synchronized (subclasses 438-468).
j. means to control the operation of a part (at least) of the
machine in response to means to sense the work, product, or
another part of the machine (subclasses 358-372, 399, 400).
k. a cutting machine having work moving means not claimed as
synchronized with the tool cycle; providing for
tool-station-type work moving means (subclasses 401 through
437.7).
l. a rotatable disc type cutting machine (subclasses
469-508).
m. means to produce or facilitate the cutting motion of a
tool or tools (subclasses 513-519; 523-647).
n. a cutting tool, per se, or combined with its support
(subclasses 651-699.61).
o. a method of, or means for, cutting other than all the way
through the work thickness-wise, providing for scoring,
skiving, and related operations (subclasses 6-12).
2. In addition, a limited number of groupings have been
established on secondary bases of classification, to
facilitate state-of-the-art searches. These subclasses, which
contain no original patents are numbered from 901.
The following index is provided for convenience in locating
certain elements or types of cutting machines according to
keywords generally of art terminology. This index is not
intended to be exhaustive.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for automation.
278 391+, 401+, 467.1, for back gage.
788 for band saw.
562 640, for beam dinker.
531 561, 658+, for bed block.
403 for beria-type cutter.
788 for chain saw.
182 206, 262, 282, 294, 319, 325, 375+, 409, 422, 452+, for
clamp.
531 652+, for clicker die.
32 42+, 50, for core lamination making.
288 for crop cut.
638 643, 644, for draw cut.
425.2 for edge-cutter.
111 for ejector.
284 for flying cutter.
218 278, for four-motion feed.
572 573, for gag.
See back gage for gage
598 620+, for gang punch.
450 (also see clamp and stripper), for holddown.
915.3 for ice cutting.
102.1 for kerf spreading.
637 for leader pin.
305 for miscut.
746 for miter box.
237 916, 917, for nibble.
169 for oiler.
333 918, for pinkin.
See clamp and holddown for presser foot.
213 214, 255, 256, 519, 611, 622, 636, for progressive
cutting.
616 for punch hammer.
703 for saw-mill dog.
401 for saw-mill feed.
830 835+, for saw-teeth.
923 for scrap cutter.
174 for sharpener (tool).
223 582+, for spring storage (cutter, punch).
111 for stripper.
637 for sub-press unit.
477 483+, for table saw.
353 483+, 614, for traveling cutter.
GLOSSARY:
ANVIL
A tool comprising a smooth-faced, imperforate member, the
smooth face having the purpose of contacting the work and
providing a reaction surface against which a relatively
movable tool may abut in its work penetrating movement.
DETECTOR
A mechanism for sensing a physical property or characteristic
of, or the presence or absence or passage of, the work or the
product or a movable element of a machine; which mechanism
effects a signal or impulse as a result of such sensing. The
signal or impulse is sent through a transmitter, (see
definition of "transmitter" below) and effects or initiates
the functioning of a machine part or assembly controlled by
the detector.
FLYING
Moving with the work material. The term "flying" means that
the part so described has, at the time of cutting, a motion
component in the direction of the work as it moves to and
through the cutting station.
GUIDE
Passive means to direct the movement of something (e.g.,
work, product, machine part) in a desired path. (Note:
although a guide may be movable for the purpose of
adjustment, yet it accomplishes its directing function by
presenting an obstacle to movement in an undesired direction,
rather than by causing the directed thing or part to move
with it).
NOTCHING
The cutting of a discrete product from a workpiece through
the thickness of the workpiece with the line of cut starting
at an edge of the workpiece and returning to the same edge.
The edge of the workpiece may be either an exterior edge or
an interior edge. A cut which extends solely along a single
straight line is not considered to be a notching cut.
PRODUCT
Material which has been treated by the cutting tool; the
result of a cutting operation. (Note: material which is
"product" for one cutting operation may be "work" for an
ensuing operation).
PUNCHING
The cutting of a discrete product out of the confines of a
workpiece through the thickness of the workpiece so that the
cut does not intersect any edge (exterior or interior) of the
workpiece.
SHEARING
Cutting effected by the relative motion of two cutting tools
having edges which are initially on opposite sides of the
work with the cutting taking place by one tool moving towards
the other tool and the edge on the moving tool moving past
and in close and overlapping relationship to the edge of the
other tool.
TOOL
The instrumentality that contacts the work for effecting
directly the operation of the class either by itself or by
cooperation with another tool.
TOOL CYCLE
The elapsed time between, and all of the motion traced by the
tool between, the time the tool leaves any particular datum
point in its approach to (or recession from) the work until
it again leaves that point in its next succeeding approach to
(or recession from) the work, the location of such datum
point for a series of recurring cycles being determined
without giving significance to mere positioning movements of
the tool with respect to the work (Note: positioning
movements of the tool are considered to be part of the cycle
of motions constituting the tool cycle, and the time they
occupy is part of the span of the cycle. They are
disregarded only for the purpose of establishing the datum
point of one cycle with respect to that of a preceding or
succeeding cycle).
TOOL PAIR
A plurality of tools, each having a work contacting portion,
said portions being initially separated from each other and
cooperating to effect cutting of the work when they have
relative movement toward each other.
TOOL STROKE
The motion of the tool toward and into the work to effect a
cut, and the motion of retraction of the tool from the
product to its base position.
TOOL SUPPORT
An element connected to the tool for supporting it against
gravity and that partakes of all of the movement of the tool
and has no relative movement with respect to the tool except
for purposes of adjustment.
TRANSMITTER
A system for sending the signal or impulse which has been
effected by a detector (see definition of "detector" above)
to a means for establishing (in response to receipt of such
signal or impulse) a driving connection between a source of
power and a machine part or assembly; or sending such signal
or impulse to a mart or assembly directly (as by a linkage).
WORK
Article, material, or stuff to be treated (cut). (Compare
"product").
WORK-FEED MEANS
An instrumentality for advancing work to the treating
(cutting) zone.
WORK THICKNESS
In general, the least dimension along a substantially planar
outer surface of work. As to hollow workpieces, the
thickness dimension at an annular section is taken as the
wall thickness; at a solid section, it is the thickness of
the entire workpiece as though it were not hollow. The
thickness dimension of a strand is defined as follows: (a)
as to those of circular, triangular or elliptical
cross-section, by any line passing through the strand from
surface point to surface point, (b) as to those of other
polygonal cross-section, by any line passing through the
strand from one outer surface to a nonintersecting outer
surface. As to spheres a line extending through the sphere
from one point on the surface to another is deemed to define
the thickness dimension. As to all other shapes of work
pieces, thickness is not considered significant for the
purpose of this classification.
Throughout the definitions of subclasses herein below, the
appearance of an asterisk (*) will indicate a word or term
which has been defined in this section. However, the words
"product", "tool", and "work", defined in this section, occur
so frequently in the subclass definitions, that the use of
the asterisk in reference thereto has been omitted.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method
which includes a step of cutting.
(1) Note. A step of cutting, as herein applied, consists in
moving a tool and work into contact with and relative to each
other such that the tool moves entirely through the thickness
of the work. Once the cut through the wall thickness has
been achieved, then, an interruption of said relative
movement, or of cutting contact extending throughout said
wall thickness, shall be construed as a termination of said
"step".
(2) Note. A special exception to the limitations expressed
in these definitions (i.e., the limitations which require a
moving tool and/or an edge backup member) exists in the case
of wherein sound waves (e.g., supersonic sound) cause work to
be cut through its thickness. Such a step will be proper for
this class and this subclass as a process of cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
701 for the corresponding apparatus.
861 and 866 through 880, for methods of cutting but
generally not completely through work thickness.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 557 for process of shaping a one
piece blank which includes a step of severing.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 1 for a method of
selective cutting.
Subclass:
14
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step, either before or during the cutting step, of
performing an operation (other than a cutting operation)
which changes the shape or state of the work, which change of
shape or state facilitates the cutting.
(1) Note. The operation may either facilitate the operation
of the tool upon the work or effect a necessary or desired
change of shape of the work with respect to the tool.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass (14) are processes
which recite a step of placing the work under tension or
compression; however, applying such force for the purpose of
merely immobilizing the work, as by clamping, has not been
considered a treatment step to admit the patent to this
subclass. Such patents are classified below on other steps
of their method.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, subclass 35 and 54+ for a process of abrading
including ancillary treatment of work.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Process which
includes a step of increasing or decreasing the temperature
of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
170 for apparatus for modifying or controlling the
temperature of the tool or work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 138 for molding or shaping processes within the
class definition when combined with a cutting or severing
step.
451, Abrading, subclass 33 and 53 for a process of abrading
including temperature modification or control of work or
abradant.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Process in
which the treatment is confined to a specific portion of the
work, as by applying a heated tool on the line on which the
separation is effected.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, 260 for a process of burning a hole
by means of electrically generated heat, and subclasses 69.1+
for a process of cutting by means of an electric arc.
Subclass:
17
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Process which
includes a step of temporarily altering the shape or
dimension of the work within the cutting zone and
concurrently with the cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
175 and 176, for corresponding apparatus.
Subclass:
18
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Process which
includes a step of subjecting the work to forces which are
directed away from each other (i.e., tensile forces) to
elongate the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
175 for corresponding apparatus.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Process which
includes a step of subjecting the work to forces directed
toward each other, which forces density, reduces the volume,
or reduces a dimension of the work.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Process which
includes a step of bending the work by engaging the work with
a tool so as to thereby distort or deform the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for a process of both stretching and flexing the work by
contacting the work with a tool.
19 for a process of both compressing and flexing the work by
contacting the work with a tool.
Subclass:
21
This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Process which
includes a step of subjecting the work to bending forces
which direct the work toward a tool so as to compel the work
to assume the shape of the tool.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Process in
which the treatment includes contacting the work with a fluid
or gas.
(1) Note. This subclass includes methods of applying a
lubricant to the tool or work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for process of heating or cooling by a fluid
application.
17 for process of distorting the work by fluid pressure
before or during the cutting step.
24 for process of subsequently handling the produce by fluid
application.
53 for process of cutting by the direct application of fluid
pressure to the work.
169 for corresponding apparatus.
402 for apparatus to move work by fluid current.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of manipulating a product resulting from the
severing step.
(1) Note. Moving cut work between claimed cutting steps has
been considered work-feeding rather than subsequent handling
of a product; and patents thereto have been placed below on
the basis of other steps.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for a method including the feeding of work from one tool
station to another; and see the Notes thereto.
78 for corresponding apparatus.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process in
which the manipulation of the product is effected by
contacting the product with a gas or liquid.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
98 for corresponding apparatus.
402 for apparatus to move work by fluid current.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, may include
a nominal recitation of a supply or take-up coil (e.g., less
than a support for such a coil or a cooperative relationship
between a tension or exhaust detector* and reel driving or
reel stopping means, etc.), subclass 7 for a process of or
subclasses 97.1+ for apparatus using fluid current to advance
the material.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process which
includes a step of holding or replacing the product in the
workpiece from which it was separated.
(1) Note. The retention or reinsertion is usually for the
purpose of conveying the product away from the cutting
station by means of the workpiece.
(2) Note. This subclass has been designated a collecting
place for disclosures of methods of, and means for, retaining
a product in position in a workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
103 for apparatus for removing a reinserted product from cut
work.
108 for apparatus for replacing a product in the workpiece
from which it has been cut.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process wherein
the speed of product being delivered is increased with
respect to that of the work being fed or with respect to the
speed of an adjacent product piece.
(1) Note. Such process usually accomplishes the purpose of
conveying the product away from the following work, or out of
the path of a tool, or moving one product with respect to
another product while both are moving away from the cutting
zone.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process which
includes a step of moving one of a plurality of products with
respect to the other.
(1) Note. The piece remaining in the cutting zone and
unmoved after cutting has not been considered a product for
purposes of this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for corresponding apparatus.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Process in
which the work has an adhesive on one surface, which surface
is adhered to a work holder to which the product remains
adhered subsequent to the cutting step, and which includes a
step of manipulating the support with the product adhered
thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, 23, for means to move
tacky work to a tool station.
Subclass:
29
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of assembling workpieces one upon another
prior to the cutting step, and cutting the assembled
workpieces.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of shaping an opening in the work, as by a
sharp, pointed tool, so that no substantial amount of
material is removed from the work; i.e., there is only one
product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
660 for a pointed perforating tool.
866 for a perforating device, or method, which does not
produce, or result in, complete penetration of work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 15.14 for a process of tapping
a pipe or tank (e.g., gas main, water main, keg, etc.) having
an aperture forming cutter or cutting tool.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 596 for
metallic stock material having apertures; e.g., resulting
from a puncturing operation.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of positioning a wear preventing material
between one tool of a tool pair and the work, and
repositioning the material relative to both the tool and work
between cutting steps.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
547 for corresponding apparatus.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of severing a plurality of products from a
workpiece, each of which products has an interfitting portion
which lies within a recess of the other product, the product
portions which define the cooperating interfitting portions
constituting the parts of the whole of a common area of the
workpiece, and at least part of the separation being effected
along the lines of the interfitting portions.
(1) Note. The mere longitudinal separation of a web of
indefinite length into two or more ribbonlike products by
means of an undulant cut, or the mere transverse separation
of a product from a web of indefinite length by means of an
undulant cut, is not considered sufficient to bring the
patent within this subclass but will be found below in
subclasses 48 and 56.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 for process of transversely separating products from the
leading edge of the work by means of an undulant cut, and see
(1) Note above.
56 for process of separating the work longitudinally by
means of an undulant line of cut, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
33
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes the steps of effecting a cut upon the work and then
utilizing that cut (as by engaging the edges thereof) or
orient, locate, or feed the work with respect to a tool, for
a subsequent cut.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of shifting the tool intermediate successive
cutting steps to rearrange or readjust the tool with respect
to the work.
(1) Note. The mere movement of the tool toward and from the
work in its normal cutting cycle has not been considered
reorienting. The reorientation is superimposed upon the tool
stroke, resulting in such additional movements as a change
from the previously normal path of the tool during the tool
feeding cycle, and inversion of the tool, or an indexing of
the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for process which includes reorienting the work between
cuts.
215 for apparatus for imparting a plurality of motions to a
tool during its cutting cycle.
556 for tool positioning means synchronized with the cutting
stroke.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of shifting the work intermediate successive
cutting steps to rearrange or readjust the work with respect
to a tool or a cutting station.
(1) Note. The mere advancement of the work into the cutting
zone has been considered feeding rather than reorienting.
The reorientation is superimposed upon the work-feeding
motion, resulting in such additional movements as: a change
in the path of an established direction of feed, an inversion
of the work, or a turning end-for-end of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for process which includes reorienting the tool between
cuts.
219 for apparatus for feeding the work in a plurality of
directions.
249 for apparatus to facilitate a manual repositioning of
the work between cuts.
256 for apparatus for changing the direction of work-feed
between work stations.
404 for means to move work from one tool station to
another.
Subclass:
36
This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Process wherein
the reorientation is effected with respect to the tool which
has accomplished the earlier of the successive cutting
steps.
Subclass:
37
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of cutting while the work is moving through a
cutting zone, which step includes moving the tool, at the
time of cutting, in the direction the work is moving.
(1) Note. A method of slitting the work longitudinally of
the direction of work movement by means of a rotatable disc
tool has been excluded. Patents thereto will be found in
subclass 56 below; whereas patents for slitting apparatus
will be found in subclasses 426+.
(2) Note. Apparatus used to practice this process is
usually called a flying cutter, patents to which will be
found in subclasses 284+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for process of sequentially separating products from the
leading edge of the work.
56 and see (1) Note above.
284 for corresponding apparatus.
426 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Process which
includes a step of changing either the speed of the tool
during a portion of its cyclic travel, (i.e., toward, from,
or concurrent with, the moving work) or the speed of the work
as it traverses the cutting zone.
(1) Note. Oscillating and reciprocating tools of necessity
have a period of nonuniform rate of travel due to the
reversals of direction. Since such tools inherently operate
in this manner, patents for methods of operating them have
not been included in this subclass and will be found in other
subclasses indented under subclass 13. However, all patents
for methods of operating unidirectionally moving rotary tools
which start their cycle of movement from a position of rest
have been placed here because of the difficulty
distinguishing between rotary tools which stop and those
which merely slow down.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 for means to feed work unequally in recurring series.
313 for a flying cutter with means for cyclically varying
the work-feed speed.
324 for a flying cutter with means for cyclically varying
the tool speed of an orbitally moving tool.
617 for a tool having means to vary the force or speed of
the tool stroke.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes more than one cutting step as defined in (1) Note to
subclass 13.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 for process of reorienting a tool between cutting steps.
35 for process of reorienting the work between cutting
steps.
213 for plural tools successively actuated at the same
cutting station.
255 for plural tool stations of a subclass 202 type.
404 for means to move work between plural tool stations.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Process which
includes a step of blanking, as defined in (1) Note to
subclass 55, below; and further includes a step of making
some other kind of cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for process of making a progressive cut by a series of
blanking operations.
50 for process of repetitive blanking.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Process in
which a series of blanking steps is accompanied by a cutting
step which connects the blanked out areas.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Process which
includes the steps of feeding the work to and through a
cutting station and making serial cuts each of which
separates a product(s) from the advancing edge of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 for a process of repetitive transverse severing from the
leading edge of the work while the work is moving through the
cutting station.
202 for an apparatus for cutting the work during a dwell in
the work-feed.
284 for a flying cutter which may sever work transversely.
350 for a cutter synchronized with moving work, which may
sever work transversely.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Process in
which a product is separated from a portion only of the
transverse extent of such advancing edge of the work, and the
remaining portion of the transverse extent is subsequently
severed in the formation of one or more separate products.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Process which
includes a step of cutting the work along a line generally
parallel to the direction of work-feed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
408 for apparatus to accomplish the same purpose.
Subclass:
45
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Process in
which the longitudinal severing is accomplished by a series
of cutting steps.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Process in
which the longitudinal severing is along a side-to-side or
wavy line of separation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32 for process of cutting transversely of the work combined
with longitudinal severing along a zigzag or wavy line where
the cuts make interdigitating products.
45 for the combination of transverse and longitudinal
severing in which a zigzag or wavy line of longitudinal
separation is effected by plural cuts.
48 for process of nonrectilinear transverse cutting to sever
a product from the leading edge of the work.
56 for process of making a zigzag or wavy line of
separation.
333 for a rotatable tool having an undulant cutting edge.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 44. Process wherein
the step of longitudinal cutting is made before that of
transverse cutting in the severance of each product piece
from the advancing edge of the work.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Process wherein
the line of cutting produced by the serial cuts does not
define a straight line path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32 for process of cutting interdigitating products.
46 for process of making a nonrectilinear longitudinal cut
and a transverse cut.
56 for process of making a continuing line of cut which may
be undulant.
410 for a work carrier guided in a nonrectilinear path, thus
effecting a nonrectilinear cut.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Process which
includes making a continuing line of cut by a series of
cutting steps.
(1) Note. The successive cuts may be effected by a single
tool or by a plurality of tools mounted on a single carrier.
(2) Note. A cutting step is defined in (1) Note to subclass
13.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
52 for process of effecting a progressive cut in increments
during a single cutting step.
56 for process of making a continuing line of cut by a
single step.
332 for apparatus including a segmented disc slitting or
slotting tool effecting a progressive cut on moving work.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Process which
includes a plurality of blanking steps as defined in (1) Note
to the definition of subclass 55.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
32 for process of cutting interdigitating products by
repetitive blanking steps.
34 for process of repetitive blanking wherein the tool is
reoriented between cuts.
35 for process of repetitive blanking wherein the work is
reoriented between cuts.
40 for process of blanking and cutting.
41 for process of blanking out a plurality of holes in a
workpiece and cutting to join the holes.
45 for process of progressive slotting which comprises a
series of blanking operations.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process in
which plural cutting tools penetrate work disposed between
them and meet in cutting engagement interiorly of the work.
(1) Note. Included are patents for process of "nipping".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
566 600, and 623, for structure wherein each of two tools of
a tool pair moves toward the other
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of making in a single cutting step, either
(a) two or more cuts differing in kind (e.g., cut, slit,
punch) or (b) similar cuts effected serially and overlapping
in time.
(1) Note. See (1) Note to subclass 13 for the definition of
a cutting step.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for process of blanking and cutting in two or more
steps.
49 for process of making a single continuous cut
progressively through the work by a plurality of cutting
steps.
56 for process of making a continuous cut by a single
cutting step.
513 for plural tools with individually actuated tool
supports, and particularly subclass 519 for successively
acting tools, and subclass 518 for diverse tools.
554 for means driving a tool through plural steps in cutting
strokes.
688 for a punch having spaced, successively operating,
portions.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes the step of cutting solely by contacting the work
with a pressure medium which conforms to the configuration of
a passive supporting tool, on or against which the work is
supported.
(1) Note. The pressure medium may be liquid, gaseous or of
a readily yieldable material such as rubber.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 for corresponding apparatus.
431 for means (which may be fluent means) to force work
upon tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, 28 for a process of severing by abrading.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of severing a cup, tube or the like.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 for cutting apparatus which includes a tool within
hollow work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclass 47 for process of cutting hollow work
while effecting relative rotary movement about an axis
passing through the work, and subclass 82 for corresponding
apparatus.
137, Fluid Handling, subclass 15.14 for a process of tapping
a pipe or tank (e.g., gas main, water main, keg, etc.) having
an aperture forming cutter or cutting tool.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of blanking.
(1) Note. Blanking is defined as separating a product from
within the confines of the work so that not more than one of
the edges of the product is an edge of the workpiece, or so
that less than 1/2 of the circumference of a curved product
is a part of the circumference of initially curved work. Mere
serration does not in itself comprise more than "one edge" of
the workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for the combination of blanking and cutting steps.
49 for process of progressive slotting which comprises a
series of blanking operations.
50 for process of repetitive blanking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 577 for
metallic blanks not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Process which
includes a step of making a continuous cut which extends
through the work thickness wise and which proceeds in a
direction toward or from one edge of the work, which may be a
leading or trailing edge.
(1) Note. Included are processes of "drawcutting" and
"slitting".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for process of progressively cutting longitudinally of
the work combined with transverse severing from the leading
edge of the work.
49 for process of making a progressive cut by a plurality of
cutting steps.
52 for process of progressive cutting effected in increments
during a single cutting step.
341 for progressive transverse "flying" cutter.
425 for means to move work past a fixed-type slitting
cutter.
483 for means to carry a rotatable disc-type tool across
work.
611 for a progressively cutting oscillating cutter.
614 and 636, for a progressively cutting reciprocating
cutter.
642 for "draw-cut" mechanism.
689 for a progressively cutting punch.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, subclass 3 for process
of breaking or tearing longitudinally of the direction of
work-feed.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which comprises means, actuatable by force applied by and at
the will of an operative, to override the normal cyclic
functioning of a part(s) of the device, which part(s) returns
to normal functioning when the application of the intervening
force ceases.
(1) Note. The disturbance referred to is temporary and
exists only during the application of force by an operative.
(Example: A machine, set to cut products of a given size, is
controlled by a pushbutton to cut small pieces for sampling
purposes).
(2) Note. The disturbance herein contemplated does not
embrace stopping. For disclosures, of noncyclic stopping
means, see subclasses 58+; and, for cyclic stopping means,
see other appropriate subclasses whose titles include the
work "stopping" or equivalent term (e.g., subclasses 202+).
(3) Note. Adjustment of a device establishes a new
condition which persists indefinitely, and is thus
distinguishable from a "disturbance" which permits the
disturbed part to return to the previous condition upon
withdrawal of the intervening force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68 for manually caused stopping of a machine or a part
thereof.
232 for tool actuating means adapted to be struck by a
mechanical part, which means might be urged manually to cause
tool operation at will.
252 for supplemental manual work-feed means.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with means capable of bringing any or all of the
moving parts of the device to a halt, such means acting to
accomplish its halting effect in response to a signal or
impulse which cannot be predicted to occur during any
particular one of a number of recurring cycles of operation
(either of the machine as a whole, of the tool, or of any
part of the machine which has a cyclic law of operation).
(1) Note. Such means may comprise, for example, a device
effective to disrupt the flow of power to a part or all of
the machine, as by effecting the disconnection of the parts
of a clutch.
(2) Note. It is not a bar to original placement of a patent
in this subclass, that the claimed power train disrupting,
braking or other "stopping" means may be activated at a time
when the part to be halted is, purely adventitiously, at a
standstill due to its normal cyclic operation.
(3) Note. If, however, the normal and intended operation of
power disrupting, friction gripping, or other motion
preventing means, is to forestall the impending start of
movement or activation of a part of the device, then the
motion preventing means is regarded as an interlock and its
claimed combination with an instrumentality of a cutting
machine is found in subclasses 399+, below.
(4) Note. If the normal and intended operation of power
disrupting means is to forestall or prevent future movement
of a tool or tool support by disrupting its
power-transmitting connection to an uninterruptedly moving
tool-actuating mechanism, the claimed combination of the
power-disrupting means with the tool support and tool
actuating mechanism is found in subclasses 572+, indented
under subclass 571 in this schedule.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for manually caused disturbance (i.e., temporary change)
of cyclic operation.
69 for stopping means effective on completion of a
predetermined number of cutting cycles.
70 for delayed stopping after cessation of cyclic
operation.
571 for devices which disables a tool without bringing to a
halt any moving part other than the tool or its support; see
(4) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 1, for a stopping feature in a
metal-deforming machine.
100, Presses, subclasses 341-352 for a press having a safety
control.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, appropriate subclasses,
for stopping means in general; and subclass 134 for a device
applicable to a punch press which is peculiarly designed to
stop machine operation in response to detection of the
unauthorized presence of a part of an operative's body.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 30 for a selective
cutting device provided with randomly actuated stopping
means.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device provided
with means which may be actuated manually to thereby cause at
least a portion of the device to go through its normal cyclic
motions after the stopping has been effectuated.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device provided
with means whereby the signal or impulse also brings into
action means to bring the work into cutting engagement with
another cutter or to cause such other cutter to engage and
cut the work.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device wherein
the signal or impulse is generated by a detector* for either
(a) a product of the cutting operation, or (b) means to
accomplish direct, or otherwise affect movement of such
product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
73 for means to otherwise control a machine by monitoring a
product.
78 for a product handling feature in a cutting machine
environment.
358 for the control of an operation by means responsive to
product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
different types of conveyors or systems of plural conveyors
having operation control means responsive to a condition of a
conveyor or to a condition of the conveyed load.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device in which
the signal or impulse is generated by a detector* which
directly or indirectly senses a condition or location of the
tool or of the work-moving means.
(1) Note. The direct contact of the detector with the tool
or work-moving means may be that which occurs in the normal,
uninterrupted operation of the device, in which case the
signal for stopping is generated by failure of the detector
to make such direct contact.
Subclass:
62.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 62. Device in which
the detector* senses a condition or a location of the tool*.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are broken tool alarms
and safety devices.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device in which
the signal or impulse is generated by a detector* for the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 for product handling means initiated by means responsive
to work.
209 211+, 286+, for operation controlled by means responsive
to work in cyclically operated cutting machines.
360 for operation controlled by means responsive to work, in
cutting machines in general.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, subclass 43
for material responsive control means for stopping the
operation of feeding means.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Device in which
the detector contacts a portion of the work moving in a bent
or arcuate path.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 64. Device in which
a portion of the work normally moves in a predetermined bent
or arcuate path, or in any one of a number of possible bent
or arcuate paths in a zone whose limits are defined by two
such paths, and the signal is generated upon departure of the
work from the predetermined path or zone.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Device in which
the detector is under the influence of gravity or any other
force which tends to keep it constantly in contact with the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 for a device in which the detector is supported on or
urged into contact with buckled work.
360 for specific types of work responsive means; and see the
Notes thereto.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Device in which
the detector is elastically urged into contact with the
work.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Device wherein
the impulse or signal which brings about or initiates the
stoppage is entirely a product of the will of an operative.
(1) Note. This subclass excludes means for halting a
machine part solely by the application of braking force, or
the interposition of blocking means, in a yieldable drive
train. Examples of such excluded subject matter may be found
in the patents of subclass 593.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for manually actuated device which disturbs cyclic
operation, rather than starts of stop a cyclic cutting
operation.
571 for disconnecting means between tool and tool actuator,
as for changing a machine set-up, and subclasses 572+,
indented thereunder, for means capable of connecting or
disconnecting a tool, or tool and its support, to or from an
actuating element while the latter is in motion (i.e., "gag"
or "gag block"), and see (4) Note under subclass 58, above.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including means to bring one or more parts to a halt after a
tool has carried out a fixed (but not necessarily
unalterable) plurality of tool cycles*.
(1) Note. Where the part stopped is a cutter, the tool
cycle of reference is the cycle of such cutter itself, not
that of another cutter operating on a different cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61 for a device which includes means for stopping upon
completion of formation of a stack of products of
predetermined size.
203 for a cutting machine in which the operative
relationship between the work-feed means and tool actuating
means thereof is interrupted, once for every cutting cycle,
by the stoppage of a part or parts, so that the intervention
of human will is necessary to restore such interrelationship
and bring about another cutting cycle.
524 for unicyclic cutting machines (other than subclass-203
type).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 21 for
means to stop a selective cutting machine after a given
number of operations.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which includes means effective to bring a part or all of the
device to a halt upon the lapse of a certain limited period
of time subsequent to the termination of feeding and cutting
operations.
(1) Note. Examples are the tape "run-out" devices on
message-handling tape punches.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 59 for a
pattern-controlled selective cutting machine.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus, each of whose parts has a desired operating
condition according to a law of operation; such apparatus
being provided with a detector for sensing a deviation of a
part(s) (or all of the apparatus) from its or their desired
operating condition; and including means to modify - in
response to a signal or impulse transmitted by said detector
- (a) the cyclical operation of such part(s) (or the entire
apparatus) to correct the deviated operating condition;
and/or, (b) the normal cyclical operation of another part(s)
to compensate for the deviated condition; whereby, in either
event, the maintenance of a normal cyclical desired operating
condition of the apparatus as a whole is achieved.
(1) Note. The sensing or detecting may be direct; i.e., by
determining the operation of a component of the device (as,
for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2,175,828, wherein a driven
feed roller is coupled to a roller-speed detector); or may be
indirect, i.e., by determining the result of the operation of
a component of the device (as, for example, in U.S. Patent
No. 1,961,538, wherein work is moved by feed rollers, indicia
on the work are scanned stroboscopically to detect any
variations in work speed imparted by the feed rollers, and
such speed variations are eliminated by correcting the feed
roller speed).
(2) Note. Merely stopping or starting a cyclic component of
the device to effect the functioning thereof is not
considered to be modifying the operation of a component.
However, a regulating means, which accomplishes such
modification of a cyclic operation, may itself be started or
stopped (to effect the cyclic operation), in response to the
detection of a deviation in the desired condition. (See, for
example, U.S. Patent No. 2,023,243, wherein the leading edge
of the work initiates the actuation of a regulating means,
which means compares the position and speed of the entering
work relative to the angular position and speed of a flying
cutter and modifies the angular position of the cutter to
compensate for the entrance timing of the work).
(3) Note. The imposition of a change upon a component by an
operator (e.g., physical relocation of a component) is not
considered a deviation within the meaning of the definition
above. Thus, patents claiming means for detecting
operator-imposed changes, and means to vary the operation of
the device in response to detection of such changes, will be
found in other subclasses; e.g., subclasses 399+, below.
(4) Note. Detection of an irregularity in the work, which
irregularity is not the result of a deviation in the desired
operation, but is a part of the work, is not considered a
deviation detection within the meaning of the definition
above. Thus, devices claiming means to detect such
irregularities and means to vary the operation of a cutting
device in response to the detecting means, will be found in
other subclasses; e.g., subclasses 360+, below.
(5) Note. For Search Note relating to other Control
Functions, see the Notes in subclass 399, below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, 10 for
means to sense material and control the operation of material
feeding means.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Device in which
a deviation in the operating condition of the device is
indicated indirectly by the means to detect or sense the
product.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Device in which
the means to vary the cyclic operation effects a revision in
the operating condition of the component whose deviation is
detected or sensed.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Device in which
the means to vary the cyclic operation also effects a
revision in the operating condition of a component different
from the component whose deviation is detected or sensed.
Subclass:
75.5
Optimizing product from unique workpiece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Device
including means to compare the work, the desired product and
the stored data to better utilize that particular piece of
work to produce more or better product.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Device in which
the detecting means senses the speed or position of the work
and in which the means to vary the cyclic operation effects a
revision in the speed of a cutting tool in response to the
detected speed or position of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
different types of conveyors or systems of plural conveyors
having operation control means responsive to a condition of a
conveyor or to a condition of the conveyed load.
Subclass:
76.1
WITH CONTROL MEANS RESPONSIVE TO REPLACEABLE OR SELECTABLE
INFORMATION PROGRAM:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with memory means, i.e., a member in which digital
or analog data can be impressed for subsequent recall, and
including means to detect the data on the memory means and
accordingly regulate the operation of the device.
(1) Note. The "memory" means of this subclass may comprise
permanently installed structure of the device or it may
comprise a removable tape or card.
(2) Note. A templet, per se, is not considered to be a
replaceable information supply; however, a device including a
templet from which information is retrieved and stored in the
device is included in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
399 for a cutting machine with a portion thereof controlled
by a remote member and see the Search Notes thereunder for a
comprehensive listing of subclasses in this class including
"control" features.
565 for a cutting machine of this class type including means
to drive or guide the tool with a templet surface following
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 7 for analogous "pattern"
sensing means which controls a metal deforming device.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 59 for a pattern
controlled selective cutting machine.
Subclass:
76.2
For cutting component of animal; e.g., hair clipper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Device
particularly adapted to severing a portion of an animal,
either living or dead.
(1) Note. Included herein is a hair clipping (or wool
shearing) machine on which an animal is placed, having a
control means responsive to replaceable or selectable
information program which guides the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13 for the method of cutting hair, or for the method of
shearing a sheep.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 196 for randomly manipulated hair clippers,
generally.
Subclass:
76.3
Removable element carries program:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Device
wherein the member on which the replaceable data is impressed
is physically detachable from the device.
Subclass:
76.4
Indeterminate length, web or strand:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.3. Device
wherein the removable member on which replaceable data is
stored is generally elongated and wherein the device either
engages no end of the removable member or engages only the
leading or trailing end thereof.
(1) Note. The replaceable member may be endless, or it may
be wound on a spool.
Subclass:
76.5
Magnetic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.4. Device
wherein the magnetic characteristics of the removable member
are utilized in storing data thereon.
Subclass:
76.6
Arithmetically determined program:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1. Device
wherein the memory means can be impressed for subsequent
recall only by digital data.
Subclass:
76.7
With condition sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.6. Device
including means to detect a characteristic other than that of
the "memory".
(1) Note. The condition sensor of this subclass may respond
to work, product, a component of the device, or to the
environment.
Subclass:
76.8
Responsive to work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.7. Device
including means to detect the material to be cut before the
cutting action takes place.
Subclass:
76.9
With operator input means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76.6. Device also
having means to alter the operation thereof (without changing
the program) at the control of the person operating the
device.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means to determine the weight of a piece or portion of
the cut product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
177, Weighing Scales, appropriate subclasses for the
combination of a cutting machine and a weighing scale which
received material cut or to be cut by the cutting machine,
characterized by means for actuating, or modifying the
operation of, the cutting machine in response to
determination of the weight of material accumulated on the
weighing scale; and 60 for weigh chamber responsive material
control.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 504 for a conveyor having load
weighing means.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to move, guide, or otherwise affect
the motion of, the product of a cutting operation - other
than by the mere provision of a receptacle or support into or
onto which product may descend at random (i.e., without
necessarily assuming any regular arrangement).
(1) Note. A cutting machine including such receptacle or
support for receiving product in random arrangement
constitutes subject matter of subclass 167, below.
(2) Note. The handling given recognition by this and
indented subclasses is additional to that which inherently is
accomplished by the tool(s) in the cutting operation. A
tool, qua tool, is therefore not to be considered a product
handling means. But a specific element fixed to, or a
portion integral with, a tool will be recognized as a product
handling means if there is a clear teaching, in the
disclosure of the device, that the element or portion
performs a product handling function.
(3) Note. Inasmuch as many work moving means of the cutting
arts also function to carry away the product of the cutting
operation, a patent whose only claimed means capable of
product handling is a device for moving, guiding, supporting,
or stopping motion of, work will not be placed originally in
this subclass unless such work handling device is claimed in
terms of its specific product handling function. (Of course,
a patent claiming work handling means in combination with
additional means to give the work handling means a product
handling effect - such as means to tilt a work table to
effect product sliding - will be placed originally in this or
an indented subclass).
(4) Note. For the purpose of original placement in this
classification, a means to handle the product of one of a
claimed series of tool stations, while proceeding from such
one station to a succeeding station, will be considered a
work handling means for the succeeding station rather than a
product handling means for the earlier station. (Disclosures
of such means may be placed as cross-reference copies in this
or indented subclasses, where deemed pertinent).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
23 for method of cutting and subsequently handling the
product.
77 for a device under the class definition combined with
means to weigh the cut product.
167 for a device under the class definition combined with a
receptacle or support for the cut product; and see (1) Note,
above.
404 for a device including means to move work between
successive tool stations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 339.1 for a conveyor
arranged to facilitate working on the conveyed load at a work
station, and subclasses 373+ for a conveyor having means for
changing the attitude of the conveyed load relative to the
conveying direction.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 487.1 and particularly
subclasses 522+ and 911 for cutting a product which is
subsequently wound classified along this line: Patents which
claim a device for cutting material and for winding are
placed in Class 242 whereas patents which claim a device for
cutting material supplied from a wound source, or in which
disclosed structure for winding a cut product is not
significantly claimed are placed in Class 83 or related Class
225 (Severing by Tearing or Breaking).
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, 278 for a device for
removing individual sheets to some determined position (where
no means to treat the sheet is claimed specifically).
414, Material or Article Handling, appropriate subclasses,
for an instrument or mechanism for placing or displacing
articles in a particular manner, as in stacks or piles; also
for a carrier or forwarding mechanism of general type
combined with special means for placing the load on the
carrier or removing it therefrom (where no means to treat the
material is claimed specifically).
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device
including a detector* for sensing product or work, a
transmitter*, and means to effect or initiate product
handling or delivery as a direct or indirect result of the
receipt by said means of a detected and transmitted signal or
impulse.
(1) Note. As between Classes 83 and 209, patents claiming
significant assorting of the work for, or the product of, a
disclosed cutting device will be placed as an original copy
in Class 209 unless the cutting device also is claimed
significantly, in which latter case the original copy will be
placed in this class (class 83).
(2) Note. Included in this subclass are patents disclosing
the sensing of product and the initiation of product handling
responsive thereto, whereas subclass 80 (indented hereunder)
is the repository for patents disclosing product handling
responsive to work sensing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
360 for means to initiate an operation, other than product
handling, controlled by product sensing or work-sensing
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
different types of conveyors or systems of plural conveyors
having operation control means responsive to a condition of a
conveyor or to a condition of the conveyed load.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Device in which
the detector senses work.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device
including a detector* for sensing the presence of a moving
tool, or of an element partaking of all tool motions, at a
predetermined point in the path of motion of said tool or
element; and including a transmitter* and means to effect or
initiate product handling or delivery as a direct or indirect
result of the receipt by said means of a detected and
transmitted signal or impulse.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Device in which
the detector acts to sense the retraction of the tool from
the work.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device which
comprises, as part at least of the product handling means, or
is additionally provided with, means adapted to receive and
support the cut product with the ends of the product
depending downwardly on opposite sides of the support means.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device which
includes structure for placing or retaining product pieces in
some regular order relative to, and in contact with, one
another.
(1) Note. Included in this group of subclasses are patents
which disclose that elongated product pieces are arranged in
substantial parallelism or that flat product pieces are
arranged sequentially in face-to-face contact.
(2) Note. As indicated by the subclass definition, a patent
claiming a receptacle or support which is disclosed as
serving to receive and retain the product pieces in an
orderly arrangement will be included in this group of
subclasses. However, where there is no teaching that the
product pieces are placed or held in the receptacle or on the
support in some regular order the patent will be placed in
subclass 167, below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
414, Material or Article Handling, 6 for a device adapted to
arrange articles in special relation to each other in a pile
or stack.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Device which
has means to place together, or retain, a plurality of
similar nonplanar cut pieces in sequential interfitting
order, with at least a portion of one piece located within,
and in contact with, a mating hollow portion of the next
adjacent piece.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 84. Device which
has means to place together, or to receive and retain, a
multiplicity of substantially planar-faced cut pieces in
sequential face-contacting relation, supported one on another
or edgewise on a common base.
(1) Note. A stack or pack is formed by superposition or
juxtaposition of the pieces thicknesswise. Herein, and in
the indented subclasses, the term "stack" will be used to
designate the concepts generally included in both the terms
"stack" and "pack".
(2) Note. Such stack need not be static but may be in
motion, such as one which is continually diminished at one
end and replenished at the other end.
(3) Note. A patent disclosing a device which includes a
mere product-conforming cavity in a hollow tool or in the
tool and its support, though it inherently holds the pieces
in stack formation, is not included in this group of
subclasses (86+) but is placed on the basis of other
features. However, a stack holding means which communicates
with such tool or its support, or which is incorporated as an
added element within the tool or its support, its proper
subject matter for this group.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
164 for a hollow tool having a product diverting conduit
within it or extending therefrom which does not include a
stack holding means within the definition of subclass 86.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, 207 for a sheet delivery
device having means for receiving and retaining the sheets in
stacked or packed relation.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device
including means to support product pieces, individually or in
stacks, in spaced relationship in substantially parallel
planes so that an edge of one such piece or stack is above
the adjacent edge of the next or adjacent piece or stack, and
including stacking means which moves along the support means
for engaging the pieces or stacks sequentially and moving
them into superposed stacked relation with each other.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device
including means to arrange a series of cut pieces on a
product-moving support so that each piece of the series rests
partly in contact with the support and partly on an adjacent
piece.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents disclosing
apparatus as above defined and further including means to
place additional cut pieces on the overlapped series.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device
including means to move one or more product pieces from a
stack, or to cause product pieces to proceed, or be directed
to, a stack, and other product pieces to proceed or be guided
in another direction (as, for instance, but not necessarily,
to another stack).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for a device under the class definition which includes
means to divert one portion of product from another, but
without means to stack the product pieces.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device which is
effective in itself to move, or is provided with additional
means for moving, a formed stack of product pieces as a
unit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
89 for a device including means to move a portion of a stack
of product pieces from the stack.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Device in which
the bodily movement of the stack is accomplished by moving
the support on which the pieces are received to form the
stack.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Device in which
means is provided to move the support progressively broadside
away from the source of product pieces as product pieces are
added to the stack.
(1) Note. A typical device of this kind operates to keep
the product receiving end of the stack at all times in the
same position with respect to the source of pieces for the
stack.
Subclass:
92.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Device
including means to vary the progressive broadside movement of
the product, which means is operatively linked to the
mechanism which adjusts the extent that a work-feeding device
moves between each cutting cycle.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices having
means to vary the thickness of product pieces being cut,
which means effects the adjustment of the movement of the
product holder to compensate for such variance in thickness.
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device which
includes means to oppose broadside movement of the stick away
from the source of product pieces as product pieces are added
to the stack.
(1) Note. Devices including a receptacle telescoped over a
stack holder or guide in which the receptacle is moved by the
growing stack are typical of the art of this subclass.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device
including means to move or guide cut product pieces singly to
a means for supporting a plurality of the pieces in stacked
relation.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Device in which
the stack holder is provided with a rod-like projection which
is introduced into an aperture in each product piece so as to
hold the pieces in stacked relation, the aperture being
either preformed or formed by the projection upon placement
of the piece thereon.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
402, Binder Device Releasably Engaging Aperture or Notch of
Sheet, subclass 1, for a sheet binder device of that class
which includes in combination, an impaling type sheet
retainer and a discrete sheet aperture forming device, which
device perforates a sheet prior to placing the same on the
retainer; subclass 7 for such device including an impaling
type sheet retainer which penetrates and inserts a pliant
strand through a sheet surface, and subclass 25, for a sheet
binder device including an impaling type sheet retainer
including means to force a sheet upon the sheet retainer.
414, Material or Article Handling, 1 for a device having a
projection engaged in the apertures of a series of articles
for holding the articles in stacked relation.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Device which
functions to engage a piece of cut work on its surface of
greatest area and move it in a direction perpendicular to
that surface into face-contacting relation with a previously
cut piece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 for means to hold a stack of product pieces which may be
discharged broadside from within a hollow cutter but not by
means to deliver individual pieces.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, subclass 83 for
oscillatory fly means to deliver a sheet to a stack.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Device in which
the stack is formed by means which receives pieces, formed by
a tool having a cavity or aperture and a continuous cutting
edge bounding the open end of said cavity or aperture, after
the pieces have left the confines of the tool.
(1) Note. The stack former may be claimed in some general
term such as "a chute"; but if, as disclosed, it actually
forms a stack, a patent therefor is placed here regardless of
the breadth commonly assigned to the name applied to such
stack former.
(2) Note. For the distinction between this subclass and
subclass 164, below, see (3) Note under the definition of
subclass 86 above.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device which
effects movement of product directly by means of one or more
jets or streams of liquid or gaseous material.
(1) Note. The pressure of the fluid current may be
superatmospheric or subatmospheric.
(2) Note. Fluid pressure means (blast or vacuum) which
function merely to push or pull product into contact with a
mechanical product-moving or product-braking means do not
constitute subject matter for this subclass. Original
patents claiming such fluid blast devices will be placed in
the subclass based on the nature either of the mechanical
product-moving means or the mechanical product-braking
means.
(3) Note. The Notes under the definition of subclass 402,
below, include a comprehensive listing of subclasses in this
class and in other classes which deal with material handling
by fluid current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
152 for a product-moving means with suction means for
pressing product to the moving means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 428, 438, and 493 for
a power-driven conveyor combined with means for impinging
fluid on the conveyed load.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, 97.1 for
means to advance material by fluid current.
Subclass:
99
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Device
comprising a number of fluid jets each of which impinges upon
a separate, independent, unitary part of the product
resulting from the completion of one cutting cycle.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Device
including means to produce a zone of subatmospheric pressure
so related spatially to the cutting zone or product path that
the product will move under the influence of atmospheric
pressure toward or through said zone of subatmospheric
pressure.
(1) Note. See (2) Note and the search subclass note under
the definition of subclass 98 above.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device in which
movement of the product is effected by frictional engagement
with bristles mounted on a backing having relative motion
with respect to the product.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device
including means for accomplishing one of the following
functions:
causing contiguous (either touching or adjacent) products
which have been traveling along parallel paths to now travel
in diverging directions; or preventing their paths from
merging or overlapping;
(b) causing, or permitting, product pieces which have been
proceeding seriatim along a common path to now follow
respective discrete and individual paths;
(c) causing, or permitting, one or more product pieces to
follow a path away from the zone of separation while
restraining one or more pieces from proceeding away from the
zone of separation (i.e., holding one piece back while
another moves away);
(d) dividing a moving group of products into smaller groups
(or units) traveling in the same direction of general path as
that before division; or
(e) positively moving products from the zone of separation in
different directions.
(1) Note. Such separation must be additional to that
inherently accomplished by the tool(s) in the act of
cutting.
(2) Note. The removal (or facilitation of removal) of one
product portion from the as-cut position, while leaving the
portion from which it has been cut in the cutting zone to
serve as work for a succeeding cut by the same tool, is not
considered to be separation.
(3) Note. The separation signalized by this subclass is
distinct from that brought about by means for moving a
product from contacting engagement with a tool (such as
stripping or ejecting means). So, the movement of product
out of contact with a tool, even though it may involve a
motion away from another product portion, is not considered a
separation for the purpose of patent placement in this and
indented subclasses.
(4) Note. On the other hand, a product portion which has
been subjected to the action of a stripper- or ejector-type
means (as defined in subclass 111) is not considered (for the
purpose of this classification) to be closely adjacent to
other product portions from which the stripper or ejector has
moved it apart, so that a further movement of the portions in
different directions will not be deemed to be a separation.
(A positive teaching that a stripper or ejector places a
product portion in actual contact with another portion,
however, will not be ignored). For patents claiming means to
strip or eject a product portion and thereafter convey it
away, see subclass 112.
(5) Note. The combination with cutting, of separation
accomplished in response to a sensing of a physical
characteristic of the pieces to be separated (such as quality
separation), is provided for in subclass 79.
(6) Note. Merely allowing pieces to fall freely from a
common height or place of departure is not considered to
permit them to travel in substantially different directions.
But diverting guides which cause certain of the so dropped
pieces to travel in one path and others to follow a different
path constitute separating means.
(7) Note. Since this subclass is specific to that of
produce, (i.e., cut work) handling, which requires the
operation of motion-affecting means additional to the
work-feeding means, at least one of the separated product
portions must be directed to its destination by means other
than the work moving means.
(8) Note. Although separation inherent in a cutting
operation (e.g., the removal of certain product pieces
through a hollow cutter) is not sufficient to place here a
patent disclosing such, a patent directed to product
separating means carried by a cutter is proper for this and
indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 for a method of cutting including a step of product
separation.
79 for means to separate product portions responsive to
detection of a product characteristic; and see (5) Note
above.
89 for a cutter combined with means to divide a stack of
pieces resulting from the cutting operation.
98 for product separating means employing a fluid current.
101 for product separating means including a
product-engaging brush.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 348 for a system of plural
conveyors having selectable plural sources or destinations
for the conveyed load, subclasses 418+ for a system of plural
conveyors having means for establishing and moving a group of
items, and subclasses 434+ for a system of plural conveyors
having means for arranging or rearranging a stream, or
streams, of items.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,
appropriate subclasses, for a product separating means, per
se; and see (1) Note to subclass 79 above.
Subclass:
102.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device in
which a kerf* entering means engages the contiguous sides of
the work to prevent their paths from merging or overlapping.
Subclass:
103
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device wherein
means are provided to dislodge a severed product from the
surrounding material from which it has been cut but with
which it is still in contact; or to dislodge from such
material a severed product which has been cut, removed, and
reinserted into its original position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108 for means to reinsert product in base material after
severance therefrom.
Subclass:
104
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device in
which means are provided to permit the earth's gravitational
field to act selectively on a plurality of product portions;
with the result that one portion or piece will move along a
path have a downward component, under the gravitational
impetus, while another portion or piece will move along some
other path or will be restrained from moving away from the
zone of separation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
157 for means for tilting or withdrawing a product support
so that the product is left without support against gravity,
such means not having a product separating function.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 311, 359+, and 523+
for a power-driven conveyor combined with a gravity
conveyor.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,
appropriate subclasses, for a gravity type separator, per
se.
Subclass:
105
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device
provided with passive means for guiding a product into a path
diverging from that followed by another product.
(1) Note. The deflecting guide of this subclass is
effective to direct a moving product portion into a desired
path, not to hold it from further movement. Stationary means
(catchers) which prevent a product portion from moving, while
another portion continues in motion, will be found in
subclass 102 and in subclass 104 indented thereunder.
(2) Note. The divergence effected by a guide of this type
may be either simultaneous with the passage of another
product portion through the zone of separation or may be
temporarily spaced therefrom. That is, the guide may operate
on one or more product portions traveling along parallel
paths or moving seriatim along the same path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for means to hold back one product portion positively
while another portion proceeds to travel past the area of
such holding back, and indented subclass 104 for such means
wherein the product portion not held back escapes from the
zone of separation under the impetus of gravity; and see (1)
Note, above.
373 for a work guide whose positioning movement is
synchronized with tool actuation.
438 for a guide for directing the travel of moving work,
rather than product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 351, 367, 442, 525+, 599, and
633+ for passive means for guiding a load from one conveying
path to another conveying path diverging therefrom.
Subclass:
106
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Device,
provided with passive means for guiding a product portion
into any one of a number of different paths, which means may
be reoriented (either at will or cyclically) with respect to
oncoming product so as to effect such selective guidance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104 for a gravity type product separator, including a
tiltable or with drawable product support which functions to
separate product portions.
157 for a product deflecting means in the form of a tiltable
or with drawable support for the product, which means does
not have a separating function.
Subclass:
107
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Device which
includes plural dynamic product moving means which function
to effect separation by directly and positively moving one
product from the zone of separation in a direction or path
different from that in which another product is directly and
positively moved.
(1) Note. One of the product moving means may be a work
moving means, which may be claimed as such.
(2) Note. Means which move a product portion out of contact
with a tool (e.g., stripper or ejector) are not considered
product moving means for the purpose of this subclass, in
accordance with (3) Note to subclass 102.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 370.07-370.09,
370.1, 370.11 through 370.13, 426+, 432, 433, 434+, 597+, and
601 for power-driven conveyor means for moving a load from
one conveying path to another conveying path diverging
therefrom.
Subclass:
108
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device wherein
means is provided to re-engage the product piece with the
surrounding material, from which it was severed, by inserting
the piece into the aperture formed when the piece was
produced.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
25 for a corresponding method.
103 for means to remove such reinserted piece from the base
material.
Subclass:
109
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Device having
active means to propel the product or passive means in the
form of a guide* to define, limit or change (without
terminating) the path of moving product; or means which
allows or facilitates motion of unsupported product; or
means, other than the cutter or work-feed means, to cause
relative motion between the product and a member of the
cutting pair.
(1) Note. A mere support for product is not a guide.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for a brake or abutment stop for product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for a
power-driven conveyor or for such a conveyor combined with a
gravity conveyor.
Subclass:
110
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device
including means to move the product away from the cutting
zone at a speed which is greater or less than the speed of
the work as it moves toward the cutting zone.
(1) Note. For a device which includes a brake or abutment
for stopping the product completely, see subclass 78, above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 and see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 460.1 and 579 for a conveyor
feeding the conveyed load to another conveyor having a
greater conveying speed.
Subclass:
111
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device,
provided with means for causing or assuring relative motion
between a product piece or portion and a cutter which has
produced for penetrated it so as to remove from contact with
such cutter a product piece or portion which tends to cling
thereto.
(1) Note. A device of this type may be termed a "stripper"
or "ejector".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 257, 328, 344+, and 427 for a
press-type metal deforming device including a means to eject
or strip a product from a forming die.
Subclass:
112
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device in
which the means for removing the product from the cutter
delivers the product to means for thereafter transporting
such product away from the first product moving means, or to
means for supporting the cut product as it continues to move
under the influence of gravity.
Subclass:
113
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device which
cooperates with a tool having a cutting edge located on the
outer or arcuate periphery of a circular disc or cylinder
turning unidirectionally about an internal axis.
Subclass:
114
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Device which
encompasses a substantial portion of the rotary tool axis and
periphery.
Subclass:
115
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Device in
which the relative-motion-producing means is physically
attached to, or otherwise supported by, the stripped tool or
cooperating revolving tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
136 for a stripper mounted on a moving tool (other than
rotary) or tool support; and see the Notes thereto.
Subclass:
116
This subclass is indented under subclass 115. Device which
is effective to produce the relative motion in a radial
direction, from or towards the axis of rotation of the
rotating tool.
Subclass:
117
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Device
including elastic or springlike means deformable to urge or
move the relative-motion-producing means from one position to
another.
(1) Note. Springlike means may function to move a
"stripper" or "ejector" to its normal position after movement
to its operative position by a cam means, etc.
(2) Note. A typical device of this type is a coil spring,
which may directly contact the product or urge another device
which directly contacts the product.
Subclass:
118
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Device
including elastic or springlike means deformable to urge or
move the relative-motion-producing means from one position to
another.
(1) Note. The springlike means may be integral with the
stripping or ejecting means.
Subclass:
119
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Device
including relative-motion-producing means which is mounted to
permit limited oscillatory movement thereof about an axis
while it is exerting force on the product.
Subclass:
120
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Device
including means which functions to move product relative to
at least one of two cooperating tools which revolve about
spaced parallel axes.
Subclass:
121
This subclass is indented under subclass 113. Device
including a relative-motion-producing means located in a
fixed position relative to immovable parts of the machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 and 146, for a stationary stripper in combination with
an oscillating or reciprocating tool.
Subclass:
122
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Device
including means which functions to move product relative to
at least one of two cooperating tools which revolve about
spaced parallel axes.
Subclass:
123
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
the product lies within, and in contact with the walls of, a
cavity in a tool which has produced it, said tool having a
continuous cutting edge bounding said cavity, and in which
the relative-motion-producing means removes the product from
the cavity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 for means to form a pack or stack of cut pieces delivered
from a hollow cutter.
98 for means to accomplish ejection from a hollow cutter by
fluid blast or suction.
116 for a device of this type mounted on a rotary tool
support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 344 for means to eject a formed article
from a female die.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
68, for a hollow drill combined with means to eject the
product therefrom.
Subclass:
124
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
means is also provided to remove product from the outer
surface of either the hollow tool, a cooperating tool, or a
tool mounted on the hollow tool support.
Subclass:
125
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
the actuation of the product-moving means is synchronized
with movement of the hollow tool in its retraction from the
work and cooperating cutter after said tool has made its
cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for product-moving means initiated by means directly
responsive to return movement of the tool.
Subclass:
126
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
the product-moving means is carried by the other tool which
coacts with the hollow tool to form a tool pair*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
136 and see the Notes thereto.
Subclass:
127
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
the ejector slides back and forth within the tool cavity
under the influence of a smooth surface, irregularly shaped
member rotatable or slidable operating against the ejector or
against a motion-transmitting means between said member and
the ejector.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for a device of this type wherein the hollow cutter is
mounted on the periphery of a rotary member.
Subclass:
128
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Device wherein
the ejector slides back and forth within the tool cavity and
includes, or is provided with, compressible or extensible
elastic means for urging it in one of said directions when
compressed or extended.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for a device of this type wherein the hollow cutter is
mounted on the periphery of a rotary member.
Subclass:
129
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Means
including an instrumentality for moving the means (a
stripper) which causes relative motion between the cutter and
product, such instrumentality moving stripper in a definite
temporal relationship with respect to the cutter's movement
into and out of cutting engagement with the work.
(1) Note. This and indented subclasses do not include
patents for strippers or ejectors operating upon the product
of circumferentially edged revolving tools, for which see
subclasses 113+.
(2) Note. For a holddown clamp (or other form of clamp)
timed with tool stroke, see subclasses 375+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
113 for a stripper or ejector for removing a product from a
revolving cutter in timed relation with the tool's motion;
and see (1) Note, above.
123 for an ejector for removing a product from within a
hollow cutter, and moved in time relation to a tool stroke.
375 and see (2) Note, above.
Subclass:
130
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device in
which the stripper may be removed from or placed in
product-moving relation with the tool, to disable the
stripper or enable it to perform its function, either at the
will of the operator or by the machine itself during its
operation.
Subclass:
131
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device in
which means are provided to lock the stripper in product
contacting position, and the movement of the tool out of
cutting engagement with the work actuates a mechanism to
release the lock after the tool is withdrawn from the
product, so as to permit the stripper to withdraw.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for a similar device operative with a hollow cutter.
399 for other interlock means in a cutting machine.
Subclass:
132
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein
more than one stripper is provided to strip a multiplicity of
tools, and each stripper acts to remove the product from only
one tool.
Subclass:
133
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein
one stripper is provided which acts to remove the product
simultaneously from more than one tool.
Subclass:
134
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device in
which the part of the stripper which contacts the product
comprises, or is mounted on one end of, a thin flexible
resilient element; and the other end of the element is
fixedly attached to some part of the machine.
Subclass:
135
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device wherein
the stripper-moving instrumentality comprises one or more
levers which are pivoted to a part of the machine or to each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
127 for an ejector-actuating linkage which is actuated by a
cam.
131 for a linkage which latches a stripper in position and
which is released by the return movement of the tool.
Subclass:
136
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device in
which the stripper is mounted on a moving tool or its
support* and moves with respect to, and in timed relation
with, said tool and support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for a stripper or ejector mounted on a rotary tool.
126 for an ejector carried by a cutter which cooperates with
a hollow tool.
218 for a pilot or locating pin carried by a moving tool or
tool support.
294 319, and 382, for a work gripper or clamp mounted on a
moving tool or tool support.
395 for a work-stop abutment mounted on a moving tool or
tool support.
Subclass:
137
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Device in
which the stripper is actuated by means applying a force to a
gas or liquid, which gas or liquid applies a moving force
(directly or indirectly) to the stripper.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
390 and 461, for a cutting machine having a fluid pressure
actuated clamp.
639 for fluid pressure tool actuating means.
Subclass:
138
This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Device in
which (a) the stripper or its mounting includes an elastic,
resilient and/or flexible element, which element is
compressed or extended during the cycle of operation, and
whose tendency to return to its normal state urges the
product away from the tool; or in which (b) the stripper is
mounted on the tool or tool support by means of a lost-motion
connection (in which gravity acts on the stripper to urge the
stripper into contact with the product as the tool is
withdrawn).
(1) Note. An original patent for an elastic, rubberlike,
resilient mounting for a nonelastomeric stripper will be
found in this subclass (138).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for a resiliently biased stripper which ejects a product
from within a hollow cutter.
134 for a tool-synchronized stripper which is carried on an
end of a spring arm.
142 for a tool-synchronized stripper not carried by the
moving tool or its support and which is biased against the
product.
Subclass:
139
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device in
which that portion of the stripper which engages the product
is made of an elastic, rubberlike, resilient material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for an elastic, rubberlike mounting for a nonelastomeric
stripper.
Subclass:
140
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device in
which the compressed or extended element is an elongated or
coiled flexible and resilient metallic member (e.g., coil
spring).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for a spring-urged means to eject product from a hollow
cutter.
134 for a device in which a tool-synchronized stripper is
carried on an end of a spring arm.
143 for a similar device which is not carried by the moving
tool or its support.
Subclass:
141
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Device in
which the mounting of the stripper on the tool or tool
support* permits relative motion of the stripper with respect
to such tool or support, and in which the force of gravity
acts to urge the stripper against the product to separate the
product from the tool.
Subclass:
142
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Device in
which (a) the stripper or its mounting includes an elastic
resilient and/or flexible element, which element is
compressed or extended during the cycle of operation, and
whose tendency to return to its normal state urges the
product away from the tool; or in which (b) the stripper is
mounted on its support by means of a lost-motion connection
in which gravity acts on the stripper to urge the product
away from the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for a resiliently biased means which ejects a product
from within a hollow cutter.
134 for a tool-synchronized stripper which is carried on an
end of a spring arm.
138 for a stripper biased against the product, which
stripper is carried by the moving cutting element or its
support.
Subclass:
143
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Device in
which the compressed or extended element is an elongated or
coiled flexible and resilient metallic member (e.g., coil
spring).
Subclass:
144
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device wherein
movement of the means (stripper) for causing relative motion
between the cutter and product is effected by hand
manipulation of the stripper itself or of a device which
controls its movement.
Subclass:
145
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Device in
which the means (stripper) for causing relative motion
between the cutter and product is fixed with respect to
machine parts which do not have a cyclic motion.
Subclass:
146
This subclass is indented under subclass 145. Device wherein
the stationary stripper substantially surrounds a tool during
its cyclic motion.
Subclass:
147
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device which
includes a housing having a product delivery opening, which
opening is adapted to be selectively obstructed so as to
prevent egress of the product (thus also preventing entry of
undesired objects) therethrough.
(1) Note. The instrumentality which effects the blocking
may be a cutting tool.
Subclass:
148
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device in
which a flexible element is located between the tool and the
work such that, in cutting, the flexible member will take the
shape of the tool, transmit the cutting force of the tool to
the work, and then urge the product away from the tool which
has produced it.
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass is
distinguished from that of subclasses 111+, in that a tool
provided with a flexible element of the type of this subclass
does not directly engage the work or product.
Subclass:
149
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device
comprising a guideway, inclined to the horizontal and
vertical planes and so disposed as to receive cut pieces for
movement therealong, provided with means for engaging a cut
piece to urge it along the guideway, or to brake it, while it
is disposed on or within the confines of the guideway.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 534 for a
power-driven conveyor combined with a chute having means to
retard movement of the conveyed load.
Subclass:
150
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device
including means for positively moving the product, said means
being supported against gravity by a tool support*.
Subclass:
151
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device in
which the means for propelling the product includes means to
engage and firmly secure the product against movement
relative to the propelling means at least during movement of
the product away from the cutting zone.
(1) Note. Included within the scope of the term "gripper
means" are devices which engage and grasp two opposed
surfaces of the product as well as devices which engage one
surface and retain it against the propelling means (e.g., a
magnet, clamp jaw, perforating pin, suction gripper, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 468.2 and 470.1+ for a
conveyor having load gripping members, subclasses 679 and 690
for a conveyor having magnetic load holders, and subclasses
692+ for a conveyor having load impalers.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, 204 for sheet delivery
apparatus including means to grip the sheet.
Subclass:
152
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Device in
which the securing means includes a perforated surface and
means to draw air through the surface so as to cause the
product to adhere to said surface under the influence of
atmospheric pressure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 428, 438, 449+, and
689.1 for a conveyor having means for applying suction to the
conveyed load.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, 194 for sheet delivery
apparatus including pneumatic means.
Subclass:
153
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Device in
which the propelling means moves to and from the cutting zone
in a straight line.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 468.2 and 470.1+ for a
reciprocating conveyor having load-gripping members.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, subclass 85 for sheet
delivery apparatus including reciprocating sheet gripping
means.
Subclass:
154
This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Device in
which the propelling means moves in an arc of a circle,
either in the same direction or to and from the cutting
zone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 468.2 and 470.1+ for an
oscillating conveyor having load-gripping members.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, subclass 82 for rotary
sheet delivery apparatus having gripper means.
Subclass:
155
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device which
comprises a continuous web- or strand-like member (e.g., a
belt or chain) which moves the product while the product is
supported thereby.
(1) Note. In the case wherein the product conveyor also is
effective to move the work into cutting position, a patent
directed to such device will be placed originally in this
subclass only if the conveyor is claimed in terms of its
specific product handling function.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 and 91+, for a conveyor operative to move a stack of
product pieces.
94 for a conveyor which functions to deliver product pieces
to a stack holder.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 804 for an endless belt
conveyor.
271, Sheets Feeding or Delivering, subclass 67, 69 and 198+
for sheet delivery apparatus including endless conveyor
means.
Subclass:
155.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Device
including means to remove the product from the endless
conveyor.
(1) Note. In many of the devices in this subclass, the same
conveyor moves both work and product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
418 for a work conveyor means and additional means to engage
the work and orient it relative to a tool station.
732 for means to position work transversely on a moving
conveyor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 367, 370.07 through 370.09,
370.1, 370.11 through 370.13, 426+, 463.1+, 497, 597+, 599,
637, and others for means for moving an article or material
off a conveyor.
Subclass:
156
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device which
includes one or more cylindrical or spherical members, each
rotatable about an axis transverse to the path of the product
and supporting, guiding or moving the product in said path.
(1) Note. Patents disclosing either idling or powered
rollers, in train or in opposed pairs, are included in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
193, Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, 35 for
rollerways.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 385, 387, 501, 604, 608, 611+,
624, 779, and 780+ for rollers carrying a load, subclass 840
for rollers guiding a load supported on an endless belt
conveyor, and subclasses 359+ and 539 for a nonpowered roller
conveyor combined with a power-driven conveyor.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, subclass 71, 72 and 314+,
for sheet delivery apparatus including rotary conveyor
means.
Subclass:
157
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device which
permits downward movement of the product by either pivotal
movement of a means holding the product against gravity,
thereby to provide an inclined surface down which the product
may slide; or by complete removal of such means from beneath
the product, thereby to permit free fall.
(1) Note. The platform of this subclass must be moved
after, or simultaneously with, the cutting stroke which
produces the product to be handled by the platform. If a
platform is, for instance, tilted to an inclined position
prior to the cutting stroke (so that the product, instead of
being supported on a platform which may tilt to urge the
product to slide, is allowed to drop onto an inclined plane),
such platform is considered an adjustable or movable chute or
plane, the search for which is in subclass 165.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for a chute or inclined plane down which product may
slide; and see (1) Note, above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 535 for a chute swingable
between horizontal and inclined positions.
Subclass:
158
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device
provided with means to engage a product piece and move it
bodily in a straight line path in a direction which is
opposite or transverse to the direction in which (a) the
piece is moving as it leaves the tool or (b) the work is
moving as it enters the cutting zone.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 598 for an endless
belt conveyor that shifts a load laterally of another
conveyor.
Subclass:
159
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Device in
which the product moving means is pivoted and has a
to-and-fro motion about said pivot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 370.07-370.09,
370.1, 370.11 through 370.13, 426+, 468.1+, 598 and others
for a swingable conveyor that shifts a load laterally of
another conveyor.
Subclass:
160
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Device in
which the product engaging portion of the product moving
means has a translatory to-and-fro motion in a plane.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclasses 370.07-370.09,
370.1, 370.11 through 370.13, 429+, 597+, and others for a
linearly reciprocating conveyor that shifts a load laterally
of another conveyor.
Subclass:
161
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device in
which the propelling means moves the product otherwise than
in a straight line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for such means mounted on a tool support.
Subclass:
162
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Device
including passive means which is operative to define, limit,
or change the path of (without terminating), product movement
(i.e., to direct, wholly or partially, the course of moving
product).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for a guide which serves to separate moving product
portions.
438 for means to guide moving work; and see the Notes
thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 351, 367, 442, 525, 599, and
633+ for passive means for changing the direction of movement
of a conveyed load.
Subclass:
163
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Means in which
the product is moved by the work or by means that moves work
to the tool station, and in which the passive means is so
disposed as to present an obstacle or obstruction to the
unimpeded passage of product being so moved; the result being
initiation of, or a change in, relative directions of motion
of the product and the work or work moving means.
Subclass:
164
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Device in
which the guide is a tubular cavity within a hollow tool or
its support, or in a member rigid with the tool or its
support, said tool having an aperture and a continuous
cutting edge bounding the open end of said aperture and
together with said tubular cavity forming a path for the
product pieces, away from the cutting zone, which does not
follow only a single straight line.
(1) Note. A mere passage coextensive with the cutting edge
opening and extending rectilinearly within the hollow tool is
not considered a guide for this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
97 for a device including means to form or hold product
pieces in stacked relation upon emergence from a hollow
cutter.
Subclass:
165
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Means
including a supporting surface or tubular body, disclosed as
extending generally from an upper location at one end to a
lower at the other (but not extending solely straight up and
down vertically) and so positioned that product may travel
therealong or therethrough.
(1) Note. The traveling product on or in the chute, plane,
or conduit may be moving under the influence of gravity. If,
however, it is moved by claimed mechanical moving means, a
patent claiming such guide and moving means will be placed
originally in subclass 149 or another subclass devoted to
product moving means, and may be cross-referenced in this
subclass; if no product moving means is claimed, a patent
disclosing such combination (and claiming only the cutter and
guide) will be placed originally in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
149 for means which moves cut pieces along a chute or
inclined plane.
157 for a device having a tiltable product support down
which the product may slide.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
193, Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, appropriate
subclass for a gravity type conveyor.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 311, 359+, 523+, and
others for a chute or other gravity conveyor combined with a
power-driven conveyor.
Subclass:
166
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Means
comprising an obstacle so placed as to be struck by a product
piece as the latter travels through space while unsupported
against the force of gravity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for devices in which the abutment is an inclined chute,
plane or conduit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 599 for a guide that
deflects a load after it moves off a conveyor.
Subclass:
167
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a container or platform to receive and retain
the product piece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for a device having a receptacle or support provided with
a clamp to stop and hold the product in the receptacle or on
the support.
84 for a receptacle or support which is taught as holding a
pile (including stack) of product pieces; and see the Notes
thereto.
102 for means to direct product pieces selectively into any
one of a plurality of receptacle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
232, Deposit and Collection Receptacles, subclass 8 for a
fare box which receives a ticket and punches it as it is
introduced into the device.
Subclass:
168
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means are provided to remove undesired foreign matter
from the work or the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 22, and 24, for a method of handling work, or product,
including application of fluid to same.
98 for product handling device including fluid current
application means which means may also be utilized to remove
waste products of the cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, appropriate
subclasses, for cleaning means broadly; and see search Notes
thereto.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 197 for a tool driving or
impacting means having a work cleansing feature.
Subclass:
169
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
that includes means to direct upon or to the tool or work a
quantity of liquid, gaseous, or pulverulent material; which
material is not intended to form a permanent coating on, and
does not effect movement of, such tool or work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 17, 22, and 24, for method of handling work, or product,
including application of fluid to same.
53 and 177, for means and process, respectively, for cutting
by direct application of fluent pressure.
98 for product handling by fluid current means.
168 for means to clean work by fluid application.
407 for apparatus to move work by fluid current.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 123.3, for cutting implements having means to
direct a fluid upon the tool or a guide in contact
therewith.
118, Coating Apparatus, subclass 15 and 35+ for cutter
combined with means to apply a substantially permanent
coating.
Subclass:
170
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which includes means to maintain or alter the temperature of
the device or work.
(1) Note. Heating or cooling of the work to the extent of
changing its state (e.g., from solid to liquid), other than
for the purpose of effecting a cut by means of a solid tool,
has been considered a shaping or treating operation beyond
the scope of this class (83). Patents for such treating or
shaping means combined with cutting means have been placed
elsewhere; for example, on the basis of the type of material
so shaped or treated.
(2) Note. The patents of this and the indented subclass
primarily differ from related devices in Class 219, Electric
Heating, in that the tool herein disclosed maintains physical
contact with, and bodily penetrates the workpiece during the
cutting operation; even though melting of the workpiece is
achieved during such tool penetration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for corresponding process.
169 for apparatus for applying a transient, nonpropellant
fluid to the tool or work, which liquid may heat, cool, or
maintain the temperature of, the tool or work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
62, Refrigeration, appropriate subclasses, particularly 56
for methods and subclasses 320+ for apparatus, for cutting
combined with freezing or combined with cooling of the type
classified in that class (62).
219, Electric Heating, 68 for cutting including electrically
heating metallic work.
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating:
Processes, 138 for processes of molding and shaping within
the class definition, when combined with a cutting or
severing step and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
171
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Device in
which the temperature controlling means maintains or alters
the temperature of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 for corresponding method.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 140 for a heated cutter including
significant heating structure.
101, Printing, subclass 8, 9+, 21, 25, 27, and 31 for an
embossing or penetrating printer with heating means.
128, Surgery, 303.14 for a heated surgical cutter.
219, Electric Heating, subclass 241 for means to
electrically heat a cutter.
Subclass:
174
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to dress the tool.
(1) Note. The means to dress may operate on either the
active or passive cutting element.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, for a specifically recited tool of that class
with a means to sharpen same.
76, Metal Tools and Implements Making, for a specifically
recited tool of that class with a means to sharpen same.
451, Abrading, for sharpening by abrading, generally.
Subclass:
174.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 174. Device wherein
the dressing means acts on a tool which is (a) immovable, or
(b) rotatable or oscillatable in one plane about a single,
immovable axis.
(1) Note. A tool sharpener in combination with a tool which
is rotatable about a movable axis or about two or more axes.
(e.g., band saw) or movable into another plane, will be found
in this class, subclass 174.
Subclass:
175
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to subject the work within the
cutting zone to tensile forces to effect elongation of same
within its elastic limit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for a related process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
140, Wireworking, 139 for means to stretch and cut wire.
Subclass:
176
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including means to impart an impermanent change of
shape (i.e., within the elastic limit) to work material
located in the cutting zone - except apparatus in which such
means comprises a rotatable cylindrical anvil about which
work is trained and which cooperates with another cutter to
produce substantially the same cut that would be produced if
the work were presented rectilinearly to such other cutter.
(1) Note. This subclass includes (but is not limited to)
patents for devices which deform the work material, as above
defined, and in whose operation such deformation is
prerequisite to effect a predetermined line of cut; that is
to say, the desired cut could not be effected in the absence
of the deformation while operating the machine in the
intended manner.
(2) Note. Thus, a patent directed to means for compressing,
or stretching, a resilient workpiece and subsequently cutting
same to impart a dished product surface configuration upon
release of the deforming forces would be properly placed in
this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for a corresponding method.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, subclass 88
for means to deform material of indeterminate length to
facilitate feeding of the material.
Subclass:
177
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus wherein one tool comprises a fluent pressurized
medium which directly contacts the workpiece to effect a
predetermined line of cut by displacing the portion of work
so contacted past the cutting edge of a cooperating tool
element or by coaction with a controlled directly opposed
second fluent pressurized medium.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for a method of cutting by the direct application of
fluent pressure to the work.
402 for fluid current apparatus for moving work past a
stationary cutter in a continuing movement.
Subclass:
178
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means
in which a tool is disposed within a generally tubular
portion of a workpiece and, either alone or in cooperation
with another tool, operates on the internal surface of the
piece.
(1) Note. The "generally tubular portion" comprises a wall
which presents, in transverse cross-section, a substantially
closed perimeter.
(2) Note. The internal tool must be in position within the
hollow work at initiation of cutting.
(3) Note. Patents disclosing a tool oscillating about a
fixed center during the cutting stroke and its retraction
therefrom will be found in this subclass. Patents disclosing
other tool motions will be found in subclasses indented
hereunder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
196 for cutting work (which may be hollow) by the
misalignment of aligned apertures.
315 and 597+, for an oscillating tool which does not cut
from within a hollow workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
82, Turning, subclass 82 for a turning device of the
severing or cutoff type wherein the tool, or tools, lies
within the work.
166, Wells, 55 for apparatus for cutting a well conduit in
situ and subclasses 297+ for processes of cutting a well
conduit in situ.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, 2 for subject matter
relating to a device for firing a bullet or exploding a
shaped charge within an inaccessible bore to penetrate the
earth formation or perforate or cut a casing or other wall
member in the bore.
Subclass:
179
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
wherein a tool (or tools) is inserted within a workpiece,
prior to the introduction of the workpiece into the cutting
zone, in such manner that the tool derives substantially all
of its support either directly or indirectly from the
workpiece itself.
Subclass:
180
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
provided with a work support including means to enlarge a
cross-sectional portion thereof, so that such support will
frictionally engage the internal surface of the tubular
work.
(1) Note. The expanding mandrel may function to immobilize
for work and/or to position the internal tool for cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
623 for means to move a cooperating cutter member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, subclass 52 for an expanding mandrel
which is not a chuck or socket.
279, Chucks or Sockets, 2.01 for an expanding mandrel in the
form of a chuck or socket.
Subclass:
181
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
wherein means to move, or render active, means to maintain or
retain work, or means to move, or render active means
presenting an obstacle or bar to work movement; is identical
with or cooperates significantly with means to move the tool
in its cutting cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
374 for means as above defined but not related to a tool
inside hollow work; and see search Notes thereto.
Subclass:
182
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Means wherein
a work immobilizing element cooperates with a work support to
grip the work frictionally, to move the work into aligned
relation with the tool, and to hold it in such position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
206 and 465, for related clamp structure.
418 with additional means to engage and orient work.
Subclass:
183
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
including means to present work to the tool, which means
operates in timed relation with means to impart movement to
the tool during the cutting cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for tool engaging work during dwell of intermittent
work-feed.
284 for a tool whose cutting motion has component in
direction of moving work.
350 for a tool timed with moving work, in general.
Subclass:
184
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
provided with means to adjust and align tools relative to one
another in preparation for cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for means to position datum plane of tool.
549 for plural tool selectively engageable.
559 for tool pair adjustable as a unit.
561 for relatively adjustable tool with flat surfaced
cooperating member.
Subclass:
185
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
wherein a cutting tool moves in a path which is neither
solely rectilinear nor solely circular during the tool
stroke*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
523 for other forms of compound tool motion.
644 for reciprocating tool motion combined with tilting in
plane of tool stroke.
646 for uniplanar compound tool motion.
Subclass:
186
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Apparatus
wherein the cutting means comprises at least one tool pair
consisting of an internal edged tool and an external tool
provided with a peripheral cutting edge substantially
completely surrounding the work, each such tool having a
surface lying in a plane common to both tools and along which
surface the cutting edge is disposed, so that shearing of the
work occurs in the common plane, and in which the peripheral
cutting edge of the external tool substantially completely
surrounds the tubular work.
(1) Note. One or both of the tools may be active in the
cutting operation and the conformation of either tool to the
work surface may be modified; as, for instance, to provide
relieved sections resulting a tab portions of such surface,
or to result in a progressive cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 for related cutting means wherein the tubular work is
prepacked with an internal tool.
189 for an annulus and disc type tool pair having
rectilinear motion.
Subclass:
187
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
wherein a cutting tool follows a closed circular path, in one
direction only thereof, during the cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
331 for a rotary flying cutter.
469 for a rotatable disc tool and carrier therefor, or a
rotatable disc tool pair.
591 for revolving tool motion, generally.
Subclass:
188
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus
wherein the movement of a tool, during the tool stroke*, is
confined to one or more straight line paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
613 for a rectilinearly reciprocating tool, in general.
Subclass:
189
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Apparatus
wherein the cutting means comprises at least one tool pair
consisting of an internal edged tool and an external tool
provided with a peripheral cutting edge substantially
completely surrounding the work, each such tool having a
surface lying in a plane common to both tools and along which
surface the cutting edge is disposed, so that shearing of the
work occurs in the common plane, and in which the peripheral
cutting edge of the external tool substantially completely
surrounds the tubular work.
(1) Note. One or both of the tools may be active in the
cutting operation and the conformation of either element to
the work surface may be modified; as for instance, to provide
relieved sections resulting in table portions of such
surface, or to result in a progressive cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 for related cutting means wherein tubular work is
prepacked with an internal tool.
186 for annulus and disc type tool pair having compound
motion.
Subclass:
190
This subclass is indented under subclass 189. Means wherein
at least one member of the tool pair moves in a multiplicity
of straight line paths during the tool stroke*.
Subclass:
191
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Means, wherein
the tool inside the hollow work moves in effecting the cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
179 for means including internal tool(s) prepacked in work.
186 and 189+, for annulus and disc type tool pair, of which
the internal disc tool may be active.
Subclass:
192
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Means wherein
a plurality of tools is disposed around the outer periphery
of the tubular work and each moves, in coaction with one or
more internally disposed tools, to effect a cut.
(1) Note. The external tools may be supported on a common
carrier, as in a conventional multiple punch ram means; or on
separate carriers, including structurally independent
actuating means, and may each contribute to a single combined
cut line or function to effect separated cuts on the common
work piece.
Subclass:
193
This subclass is indented under subclass 192. Means wherein
the active external tools move relatively toward one another
during cutting and substantially normal to the axial extent
of the tubular work.
(1) Note. The tools may function either simultaneously or
sequentially to produce a cut or cuts lying in a
substantially common plane.
Subclass:
194
This subclass is indented under subclass 193. Apparatus,
wherein the means to move the tools to effect the cut
comprises a plurality of cams which are mounted on a single
carrier.
(1) Note. The common support for the multiple cams is
generally a rotary or oscillating member.
(2) Note. For definition of a cam, see the definition of
Class 74, subclasses 567+.
Subclass:
195
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Apparatus,
wherein means, responsive to an operative's volition, are
provided to move the work relative to a tool and preparatory
to initiation of the tool stroke*, or to cooperate with a
significant feature of the work structure to restrain the
moving piece from further movement.
(1) Note. This subclass includes patents for cutting
machines with means to accomplish the necessary locating of
work within a cutting zone, in order that the work may be in
proper alignment with the cutter operating thereon, as
distinguished from means to feed the work to such zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
401 for means to move work relative to a tool station.
451 for means to immobilize or stabilize work generally.
Subclass:
196
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Means,
in which two adjacent members are provided, each with an
opening, through both of which openings a workpiece extends
simultaneously, each adapted (as disclosed) to enclose a
sufficient portion of the periphery of the workpiece
extending therethrough to prevent sidewise escape of the
workpiece therefrom, which device includes means to move one
member relative to the other so that the workpiece caught
between the moving members is severed by virtue of its being
forced against the edge of an opening, or against the edge of
a member-carried tool extending into such opening, or against
both.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 particularly subclasses 179, 186, and 189+, for a device
wherein a tool is located inside hollow work and cooperates
with an outer, annular cutter.
Subclass:
197
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Means having,
in addition to the apertured tools, a cutting device of
another kind which itself constitutes subject matter for this
class (83).
Subclass:
198
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Means in which
one or both of the apertured members has a motion only in a
straight line path during its tool stroke*.
Subclass:
199
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Means in which
one or both of the apertured members has a motion which is
confined to rotation or oscillation about a single center.
Subclass:
200
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Means in which
one or both of the apertured members has more than one
cutting opening.
Subclass:
200.1
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the cutting member is substantially one-dimensional;
i.e., the dimensions of its cross-section are negligible
relative to its length, and which member surrounds a portion
of the work surface prior to cutting, thus defining a plane;
and which device includes means to apply or increase stress
in the cutting member so that the cutting member moves into
the work in the plane initially defined.
(1) Note. The cutting member may or may not completely
encircle the work. In the latter case, reaction to the
cutting force will be provided by a work-stop abutment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
651.1 for a wire-type tool or a wire-type tool and support
which does not function in a work-inclosing manner.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 292 for a device for deforming
a metal workpiece by tightening a flexible chain or band
around the work.
100, Presses, 1 for a process or apparatus for tightening a
binder about material to compress it.
Subclass:
202
This subclass is indented under the class definition. An
apparatus including means to sequentially stop and move, or
stop and permit movement of, the work at the tool zone; and
including tool actuating means which synchronously brings the
tool into cutting contact with the work while the latter is
at rest or simultaneously with the stopping of the work.
(1) Note. The work may be brought to a halt by a device
such as a clamp jaw or an abutment stop effective to halt
that portion of the work in the tool zone while work-feed
means continually urges another portion toward the tool with
consequent buckling or slippage, (see subclass 262 indented
hereunder).
(2) Note. The work may be moved simply by gravity, no work
advancing mechanism being provided, (see subclass 268
indented hereunder).
(3) Note. A portion of the work remote from the tool zone
may be continuously in motion as, for example, work unwinding
from a continuously rotating supply roll.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
350 for a device wherein the work is fed constantly to a
tool zone where it is intermittently acted on by an actuated
tool having no component of motion in the direction of
work-feed, and where no provision is made for halting the
work before it is engaged by the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
28, Textiles: Manufacture, 107 for needle felting machines
having cycle of intermittent work moving and needing.
112, Sewing, appropriate subclasses, for machines which
advance work to sewing station and hold it stationary while
it is being pierced by the needle.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 339.1 for a conveyor
that dwells at a work station, and subclasses 858+ for a
conveyor having indexed or intermittent drive means.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material, particularly 120 for
structure for advancing material intermittently.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), appropriate
subclasses, for a selective cutting device (usually termed a
card or tape punch) of the step-by-step type.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 70, for
means to cut in the manner of that class during the dwell of
intermittent workfeed.
Subclass:
203
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device in
which the synchronous relationship between work moving and
tool moving means is disrupted during or after each tool
cycle in such manner that the reestablishment of such
relationship and initiation or continuation of a succeeding
cycle requires the intervention of an external force or
stimulus.
(1) Note. Unicyclic operation is characterized by the
requirement of two inputs: one to supply actuating power and
the other to intervene and supply an unlocking force without
which the machine could not resume operation, as
distinguished from the usual machine which operates whenever
power is supplied to it. Some type of "nonrepeat" mechanism
is required as part of the invention.
(2) Note. Many patents disclosing machines capable of
unicyclic operation are to be found in following subclasses,
where the means which confers such capability is not claimed.
See particularly the stamp or ticket dispensers in
subclasses 208, 210, 224, 231+, 242+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for stopping means effective upon completion of
predetermined number of tool cycles.
252 for supplemental manual feed required to complete the
cutting cycle.
283 for one-revolution clutch in tool actuating means.
484 for unicyclically movable carrier for rotatable disc
tool.
524 for a device for moving a tool through one cutting
stroke only.
Subclass:
204
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Device which
comprises means for changing the type of operation from
unicyclic to continuous operation or from continuous to
unicyclic.
(1) Note. Device for changing from one type of operation to
another type for which separate subclasses are provided,
neither type being "unicyclic", will be found in subclasses
directed to the specific types of operations concerned.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for a device to alter the cyclic operation of a cutting
machine in some respect, but only as long as an intervening
force is maintained. (Example: a machine operator may hold a
pushbutton depressed to obtain short products for sampling or
testing purposes).
240 for adjustment of tool position or stroke, work
position, length of work-feed increment, etc.
Subclass:
205
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Machine
wherein the tool cycle is initiated and terminated solely by
mechanical elements (to the exclusion of electrical,
electronic, or chemical means).
(1) Note. The mere presence of an electric driving motor an
necessary manually or mechanically actuated switch does not
exclude the combination thereof, with the mechanical
initiating and terminating means, from this subclass.
(2) Note. Hydraulic or pneumatic devices are considered
"mechanical" for the purposes of this definition.
Subclass:
206
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
a portion of a frictional work-gripping device as claimed
exerts a centering, registering, or aligning effect on the
workpiece at a tool station.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
182 for a clamp which aligns hollow work with respect to a
tool.
262 for a clamp used to cause a dwell in the work motion by
clamping or blocking the moving work.
282 for a work clamp cyclically actuated in a cutting
machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 343.1 for a conveyor combined
with means for clamping the conveyed load in position for
working at a work station.
Subclass:
207
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
the only work-moving means is a work stop which is cyclically
moved against the work which has been presented thereto (by
means not claimed), to position or register the work prior to
the tool stroke.
(1) Note. The "stop" in this subclass serves only to give
the final location or positioning motion to work which has
been presented to the machine, manually or by unclaimed
work-moving means, and the stop is not claimed as a clamping
or gripping means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
206 282+, and 452+, for an actuated abutment or jaw which
cooperates with another abutment to frictionally grip the
work.
250 for such device combined with ordinary work-feed means.
268 and 391+, for abutment work stops which do not move the
work.
418 for work moving means and an additional work positioning
means.
Subclass:
208
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including a detector* which is moved by, and to an extent
proportional to movement of the work; further including means
to effect a signal or impulse only when the extent of
detector movement reaches a predetermined amount; and further
including a transmitter* connecting said detector means to a
means to effect or initiate work deceleration, work stoppage
and/or work cutting as a direct or indirect result of the
receipt by said effective means of such detected and
transmitted signal or impulse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
369 for similar structure in which only the work cutting is
claimed.
Subclass:
209
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including a detector* for work, a transmitter*, and means to
stop the movement of the work, either directly, (as by
engagement of said means with the work,) or indirectly, (as
by stoppage of a work-moving means) as a result of the
receipt by said means of such detected and transmitted signal
or impulse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 for means, responsive to work sensing means, to stop
operation of a part or all of the machine in a random
manner.
367 for similar structure for stopping work movement.
370 for similar structure to actuate tool feed.
399 for means, responsive to condition or location of a
machine part, for controlling operation of another part; and
see the Notes thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
different types of conveyors or systems of plural conveyors
having operation control means responsive to a condition of a
conveyor or to a condition of the conveyed load.
Subclass:
210
This subclass is indented under subclass 209. Device
including means to effect actuation of a cutter through a
tool cycle as a direct or indirect result of the receipt by
said means of the detected and transmitted signal or
impulse.
Subclass:
211
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including a detector* for work, a transmitter, and means to
effect actuation of a cutter through a tool cycle, as a
direct or indirect result of the receipt by said means of
such detected and transmitted signal or impulse.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 for similar structure to effect tool movement against
work in which work movement or stoppage is not recited.
Subclass:
212
This subclass is indented under subclass 211. Device in
which the detector includes a projection in the path of
movement of the moving work, which projection halts the work
by engagement of the work with said projection.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262 and 268+, for other means to effect work stoppage by an
abutment.
Subclass:
212.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
at least two tools act at a cutting zone, one of which tools
is stationary and is at all times disposed to engage the
work, and the other of which tools engages the work during
the workfeed dwell and which has a cutting plane
perpendicular to the direction of work movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
404.1 for a device having means to move work from one tool
station to another, which tool stations are disposed at right
angles to one another.
425 for a device which includes means to move the work
relative to a tool which engages the work in a continuous
manner (i.e., the cutting plane of the tool is perpendicular
to the direction of the work movement).
Subclass:
213
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus in
which more than one tool moves to operate on the work, in the
same general cutting zone and including means for actuating
one tool after another.
(1) Note. This subclass excludes patents claiming plural
tools at different tool stations (separated by a distance
equal to at least the length of work-feed increment) for
which see subclass 255.
(2) Note. This subclass includes patents for machines
wherein different tools are actuated in the same general
cutting zone in successive dwell periods of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255 for a succession of tools operating on the same
workpiece or same general area of a continuous workpiece,
during different dwell periods, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
214
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Apparatus in
which all of the plural tools operate on the stopped work
before the work again moves.
Subclass:
215
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device in
which the tool, in addition to its advance toward, and
retraction from, the work in each tool cycle*, undergoes
another motion (which may be for the purpose of relocating
the tool, feeding the work, etc.).
(1) Note. The tool may be in noncutting motion while work
is being fed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 for a tool which moves with the work during cutting
(e.g., a flying cutter).
Subclass:
216
This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Device,
wherein the tool is given its additional motion during the
period in which the work is stationary.
(1) Note. The tool may merely be shifted to a different
position during one dwell of the work; or may be repeatedly
actuated to make a plurality of cutting strokes each
effective on different positions of the work, patents
claiming the latter being found in indented subclass 217.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
215 for a device wherein some of the tool motions may occur
during movement of the work.
217 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
217
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Device
including means to cause the tool to perform a number of
cutting strokes while the work is at rest.
(1) Note. Such device is frequently used to make a number
of cuts across a wide strip of work, with only one tool or a
relatively small number of tools.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
219 for a device in which work is moved in different
directions between successive tool strokes, whereby a
plurality of cuts may be made across a strip of work during a
dwell in the forward advance of the work.
Subclass:
218
This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Device
including means to cause a tool to move the work through all
or a part of the work-feed increment, by engagement of tool
and work during the additional motion of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
226 where the tool itself does not engage work to feed it,
but a work-feed means is actuated by the tool support during
advancing or retracting movement of the latter.
284 for a device wherein the tool may feed the work while
cutting it (i.e., a flying cutter).
Subclass:
219
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including means to effect successive increments of work-feed
in different directions, (as when following a contour), in
presenting work for successive operations by the same tool.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include devices where work
can be manually shifted in position between cuts while a
machine-driven work-feed means merely continues to move work
in the same direction (as in an ordinary sewing machine); See
subclass 249 for disclosures of such devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for control of machine functions generally by means
responsive to indicia on tape or card (i.e., pattern
control).
249 for feed means modified to facilitate shifting of work
by external agency, and see (1) Note.
356 for periodic tool actuation timed with moving work, with
periodic lateral shift of work (or tool).
367 for movement of work responsive to work-sensing means.
Subclass:
220
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Device wherein
there are means to provide a limited number of predetermined
directions of work-feed and means to choose one of said
number of directions for each advance of the work.
(1) Note. This subclass includes devices having means for
effecting mere reversal of work-feed direction at intervals,
as well as machines with "zigzag" or "staggered" work-feeds.
Subclass:
221
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including means, additional to those means which establish
the cyclically timed relationship between the tool and work
movements, which additional means is effective to block or
otherwise prevent the normal cyclic operation of either tool
or work moving means, unless the latter two means are located
in a desired relationship.
(1) Note. The interlock is an additional feature provided
as a safety precaution rather than part of the work or tool
feed drive.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 for a device wherein completion of work-feed motion
serves to trip a tool actuating means into action, and
completion of tool stroke serves to restart the work-feed.
380 for an interlock which prevents a tool from starting
through its stroke unless a clamp is in actuated position.
399 for an interlock between a plurality of elements, in
general and see Notes to subclasses 399+ for other
"interlock" subclasses.
Subclass:
222
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device having
means so associated with tool and work moving means, that a
tool upon reaching a predetermined point in its travel causes
initiation of the work-feed means, which latter at a
predetermined point in its travel will initiate the next tool
stroke.
(1) Note. The definition of this subclass requires
successive interactions alternately between tool moving and
work moving means (a chain reaction), as distinguished from
subclass 221, which requires merely unilateral control of one
such means by the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for interlock between tool actuating means and work
moving means.
225 for work-feed controlled by means on tool or tool
support.
231 for tool actuation effected or initiated by work-feed
element.
399 for interlock between any two elements of a machine, and
see the Search Notes thereunder, for other pertinent
subclasses.
400 for interlock between two elements plus means to
initiate an operation upon release of interlock.
Subclass:
223
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device in
which a mechanism, driven by movement of either the tool or
the work-feed means, is caused to accumulate potential energy
which is later released to actuate the other of the two
means.
(1) Note. This arrangement is found in many small
hand-actuated machines, wherein, for example, a
tool-retracting spring is stressed during the tool cutting
stroke and part of its stored energy is utilized, during the
return of the tool, to advance the work into position for the
next cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
229 for work-feed means driven by tool or tool support on
return movement of tool.
582 for a constantly urged tool, especially subclasses 588+
for return-stroke-biased tools.
Subclass:
224
This subclass is indented under subclass 223. Device wherein
the motion of some portion of the work-feed means is used to
accumulate potential energy which is released later in the
cycle to actuate the tool.
(1) Note. The stored energy for the tool may be released by
further motion of the work-feed means or by some other
agency.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
232 (tool actuator struck by an element of a work-feed means,
during nonfeeding motion thereof) for some disclosures of
energy storage.
Subclass:
225
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including means mounted on the tool or its support and
effective to initiate the establishment of a driving
connection (a) from a power source to the work moving means,
or (b) from work moving means to the work, and/or the
disruption of said connection.
(1) Note. The tool-mounted means may serve to drive and/or
stop the work-feed means, or to control the transmission of
power to such means from another source.
(2) Note. This subclass is distinguished from subclass 262
(which see) by the fact that in the latter subclass, the work
is directly halted by clamping or blocking means (which may
be mounted on tool or tool support) but the work-feed
mechanism continues to move, ineffectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262 and see (2) Note.
Subclass:
226
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Device wherein
the tool-mounted means provides the motive power for
actuating the work-feed means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for an auxiliary work-feed means mounted on a tool or
tool support.
230 for a device wherein the motion of tool-carried means
merely effects the halting of work-feed means.
262 for work-feed dwell effected by clamping or blocking the
moving work, without stopping the motion of the feed means
proper, and see (2) Note to subclass 225.
Subclass:
227
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Device wherein
the work-feeding means is itself mounted on the tool or tool
support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for a device wherein a tool feeds the work while still
in contact therewith during a cutting stroke.
228 for supplemental work-feed means carried by a tool or
tool support.
Subclass:
228
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Device which
includes a plurality of work moving means acting in
succession, each such means being capable of moving the work
through a portion of the required feed increment, one of said
feed means itself mounted on or integral with the tool or
tool support.
(1) Note. Pilot pins which serve to correct the position of
slightly misplaced work are included, if carried by the tool
support.
(2) Note. The supplemental work-feed means may be provided
merely to correct slight misplacements of the work if an when
they should occur.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for a tool which has work-feeding motion (the tool feeds
the work after engaging it with a cutting stroke).
Subclass:
229
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Device wherein
the tool-mounted means is brought into operation during the
tool's motion away from the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223 for work advanced by release of potential energy
accumulated during and as a result of tool movement (such
work advance may occur during return movement of tool).
257 for the general case of work advance during return
stroke of tool.
Subclass:
230
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Device in
which the means mounted on tool or tool support is effective
at some point in its travel to cause stopping of the work
moving means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for interlock means to prevent movement of work-feed
means except in certain positions of tool.
262 for dwell caused by clamping or blocking the work, where
work-feed means is continuously driven.
268 for dwell caused by blocking the work by an abutment
(which may be carried on or moved by the tool support).
282 for (broadly) clamping work during dwell.
391 for interrelated actuation of tool and work-stopping
abutment.
Subclass:
231
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device in
which the work engaging and moving element, or a portion of
the work-feed means driving train which is not common to the
latter and to the tool driving train, and which moves without
producing any corresponding motion of the work, is itself, or
carries means which is, effective to drive, or to establish a
power connection for driving, the tool feeding mechanism.
(1) Note. Tool feed may be initiated substantially
simultaneously with arrival of the work-feed mechanism at the
end of its feed motion, where it appears that the tool is not
intended to engage moving work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for interlock between work-moving and tool-moving
mechanisms.
225 for work moving means controlled by means on tool or
tool support.
273 for intermittent drive type of gearing for work-feed
means.
399 for a device in which an element common to the control
or actuation of work moving and tool actuating means is
arranged to initiate or permit actuation of one means while
preventing actuation of the other means.
Subclass:
232
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Device in
which the feeding element or driving portion delivers an
impact to an element which causes a cutter to start its
cutting stroke.
(1) Note. Such organizations are common in machines for
delivering tape, which often are used to feed and cut only a
single length or strip of tape at each use, but may be used
to deliver as many lengths at a time as desired.
(2) Note. For machines having positive stop mechanisms
requiring reinitiation of the mechanism after each cutting
cycle, see subclass 203 supra.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
233
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Device in
which the nonfeed motion is in a direction opposite to that
in which the feeding element or driving portion moves when
bringing about a feeding movement of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
399 for interlocking relationship between work and tool
movers, some of these devices permit tool actuation only upon
reversal of position of a work-feed lever.
Subclass:
234
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device having
means to permit a change in the number of stops and starts of
the work-feed means between successive actuations of the tool
actuating means, without necessitating the replacement of any
machine part to bring about the change.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for manually actuated means to disturb cyclic operation.
209 for work-sensing means to control work-moving or
work-stopping means.
232 for a manually operated to feed more than one increment
of work for any one cutting cycle, at the discretion of the
operator.
238 for unequal work-feed increments in recurring series.
241 for means to vary magnitude of work-feed increment.
242 for multiple-length feed.
250 for means to produce a plurality of work-feed increments
per tool cycle.
Subclass:
235
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
means is provided to bring a portion of the work adjacent a
tool station alternately to a halt and to a condition of
forward motion by imparting to that portion of the work a
succession of alternate backward and forward movements while
the remainder of the work is undergoing continuous forward
movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 for uninterrupted advance of work from supply source.
259 for a device wherein constantly moving feed elements
(e.g., rotating feed rolls) are not always in effective
engagement with work.
262 for a device wherein work dwell is effected by clamping
or blocking the movement of a portion of the work without any
provision being made for halting the movement of other
portions thereof.
Subclass:
236
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
transport means moves work continuously into or toward the
machine, means being provided to cause or permit temporary
halting and/or storage of a portion of the work during the
cutting cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
205 for work-feed dwell caused by clamping or blocking the
work.
235 for work-feed dwell caused by imposing reverse motion on
portion of flexible moving work.
280 for means to transport work to work-feed means.
284 and 350+, for tool engaging moving work.
Subclass:
237
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
the tool or an array of tools which are actuated during one
dwell period has such extent in the direction of work-feed
that cuts made during successive dwell periods overlap or
intermingle.
(1) Note. Devices in this subclass are frequently used to
shred or cut small pieces from a web by serrated cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
213 for possible overlapping cuts made by successively
actuated tools.
249 for a machine modified to facilitate manual
reorientation of workpiece, as when cutting or punching along
a curved line.
255 for possible overlapping cuts made at plural tool
stations.
916 for a nibbling machine.
Subclass:
238
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Apparatus so
organized that the amount of work fed differs from one
feeding movement to another, the same amounts being fed in
later feed movements and in the same order.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
220 for means to feed work in certain different directions
between tool strokes.
250 for means to produce a plurality of work-feed increments
per tool cycle (certain of said increments may be of
different extent than others).
393 for work-stopping abutment made effective in different
positions between successive tool strokes.
Subclass:
239
This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Device
including a movable work support and an associated series of
detents, to be engaged by cooperating means to stop the
travel of the support in accordance with the location of such
detents.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for means to vary magnitude of work-feed increment
generally.
396 for interrelated tool actuation and means to release
work-mover stop.
414 for a device comprising indexing means to orient a work
carrier relative to a tool station.
Subclass:
240
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
means is provided for (a) adjusting the work-feed means to
alter the amount fed in each increment, or (b) changing the
position of the work relative to the work-feed means, or (c)
changing the position of tool or work-feed means relative to
the device as a whole, or (d) changing the location of one or
both of the limits of travel of a tool in its cutting or
retracting stroke, without necessitating replacement of any
machine part to bring about such variation.
(1) Note. This does not include pattern-controlled
adjustments of tool or work-feed, for which see subclass 71,
supra.
(2) Note. This does not include temporary disturbance of
cycle by manual intervention, for which see subclass 57,
supra.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 and see (2) Note, above.
71 and see (1) Note, above.
209 and 211+, for work-moving or work-stopping means
controlled by work-sensing means in a machine of subclass 202
type.
234 for means to vary number of work-feed increments between
cuts.
249 for means enabling the shift of work relative to a
work-feed means by an operator.
252 for means capable of producing an additional work-feed
increment by intervention of an operator.
268 for work-feed increment limited or determined by work
stop.
657 677, 696, 699.51+, for adjustable tool or tool support.
Subclass:
241
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Means to vary
the length or amount of work fed toward the tool at each one
of the series of stops and starts of the work which
characterize the operation of a device of the type of
subclass 202, without necessitating the replacement of any
machine part to bring about such variation.
(1) Note. This subclass includes adjustment of work-feed by
varying the effective length of a link or shape of a cam,
where such link or cam is not part of the actual drive to the
work-feed means, but is only a control element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for machine which stops after cutting a predetermined
number of products.
203 for unicyclic machine.
208 for work-length-determining means driven by the work
(e.g., measuring wheel).
233 for devices which inherently permit the selection of a
length of stock to be cut (within a limit) by feeding the
amount desired and then reversing the feed lever to cause
cutting to occur.
234 for means to vary the number of work-feed increments
between tool strokes.
268 for feed limited by work stop.
399 for a work-feed actuator or controller which can be
manipulated in a direction to lock the work-feed means and
permit or cause actuation of a tool.
Subclass:
242
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Device which
functions so to vary the work-feed increments that all such
increments are whole number multiples of a predetermined base
length.
(1) Note. Examples are ticket-issuing machines.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234 for feeding of variable multiple lengths in stepwise
manner between successive tool strokes.
250 for means to produce a plurality of work-feed increments
between tool strokes.
Subclass:
243
This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Device wherein
the actuation of a work-feed-length determining means serves
either to drive the cutting device through its cycle or to
establish a connection to power means which so drives the
cutting device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for a unicyclic machine of this type.
Subclass:
244
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Device wherein
the length of a work-feed increment may be varied by altering
the effective dimension of a crank, link, or lever arm in the
drive train of the work-feed mechanism.
(1) Note. Included here are adjustable lost-motion drive
linkages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for change of work-feed increment by change in length of
a member of a control (not feed driving) linkage.
Subclass:
245
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Device in
which the crank, link or lever arm has a motion of revolution
in one direction only.
(1) Note. An oscillatory driving link of this type will be
found in subclass 244.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
246
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Device wherein
the length of work-feed increment may be varied by altering
the contour of that portion of a moving member which
transmits or receives force to drive the work-feed
mechanism.
(1) Note. Typical examples of work-feed adjustments
included in this subclass are (a) changing the number of
teeth used in a mutilated drive gear, (b) removing part of
the tooth of a worm gear, (c) two cam segments in
juxtaposition on a shaft may be made angularly adjustable
relative to each other.
(2) Note. The adjustable cam or gear must be in the
work-feed drive train itself, not merely in a control
linkage, for which see subclass 241, supra.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for changing magnitude of work-feed increment by
altering the effective shape of a cam or the like in a timing
or control mechanism (not transmitting force to drive the
work-feed means), and see (2) Note, above.
Subclass:
247
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Device wherein
a change in amount of travel of the work-feed mechanism is
effected by altering the position or location of a normally
stationary abutment which cooperates with a movable member in
the work-feed mechanism.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include devices having an
adjustable positioned "stop" located on a moving element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for an adjustable "stop" carried by a moving element.
244 for work-feed adjustment by shifting the location of the
fulcrum point of a lever in the work-feed drive train.
Subclass:
248
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Device wherein
means is provided for varying the location (in the direction
of tool travel) of one or both of the limits of travel of the
tool in its cutting or retracting motion.
(1) Note. Examples are machines which turn out ticket
strips - a number of incompletely severed tickets in each
strip.
(2) Note. The variation may be cyclic or randomly
controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
74 for tool adjustment by a monitoring device.
215 for tool which has additional motion (e.g.,
repositioning motion) during cycle.
368 for tool adjustment by work-responsive means.
469 for adjustment of position or travel of carrier for
rotatable disc tool.
523 for tool stroke or positioning adjustments, in general.
Subclass:
249
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device which
has certain parts modified especially to enable an operator
to shift, reoriented or reposition the work relative to the
work-feed means.
(1) Note. Such machines may permit the angular
repositioning of the work about the tool cutting stroke as a
center, to enable for example a change in the direction of a
row of perforations without introducing an irregularity in
spacing where the change is made.
(2) Note. Means to facilitate loading work into the
work-feed means may be included (threading means) if it is
disclosed as also usable to readjust the position of work
while the machine is in operation.
(3) Note. Many nibbling machines are found in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
373 for interrelated tool actuating and work guide moving
means.
415 for work carrier having additional work-locating means
thereon, which may shift the work on the carrier.
455 for guide adapted to permit maneuvering of work at tool
zone.
916 for nibbling machines.
Subclass:
250
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device in
whose operation the work is caused to undergo more than one
advancement and stoppage for each stroke of tool, or is
advanced successively by different feed means during one tool
cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 for means to clear the freshly-cut edge of product (cut
work) from a tool, by moving it relative to the tool, prior
to the next work-feed increment, thereby in effect affording
a plurality of increments between successive tool strokes.
206 for a work-moving clamp, which follows and supplements
an approximate work-feed by hand or mechanical means.
207 for an actuated abutment which can move work to a final
position after a preliminary feed of work against the
abutment.
219 for a machine wherein the work may be caused to move in
different directions between successive tool strokes.
228 for supplemental work-feed means mounted on tool or tool
support.
234 for means to vary the number of work-feed increments
between strokes.
280 for means to move work into the effective range of
work-feed means proper, and see (4) Note under subclass 251
for the distinction between supplemental work-feed means and
work transport means.
Subclass:
251
This subclass is indented under subclass 250. Device so
constructed that work may be moved by more than one feed
means acting at different times.
(1) Note. This subclass includes lateral positioning means,
for instance.
(2) Note. This subclass includes work-feed means which may
not be effective in every cycle, such as manually actuated
means to correct the registry of the work, either by the
provision of additional work-feed means or by provision of
additional actuating means for the existing work-feed means.
(3) Note. The search notes under subclass 250 should be
reviewed in relation to this and indented subclasses.
(4) Note. Supplemental work-feed means, in this and
indented subclasses, is capable of and is normally utilized
for the purpose of presenting work in correct amount and
proper timed relation to the tool station, as distinguished
from work transport means which merely forwards work to a
work-feed means proper and which lacks the requisite timing
or range of stroke to position the work for operation thereon
by the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for supplemental work-feed means mounted on tool or tool
support.
Subclass:
252
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Device wherein
the supplemental feed means is actuated, or the conventional
work-feed means is driven through additional motion, by the
intervention of an operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for a unicyclic machine in which an operator must
intervene to pull the work through a certain distance in
order to initiate a cutting cycle.
249 for means to facilitate manual repositioning or
realignment of work.
Subclass:
253
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Device
including a supplemental work-feed means which functions to
move the work against a work-stop located for proper
placement of the work.
(1) Note. The supplemental feed increment may be in any
direction, but is limited by engagement of the work by a
stop.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for work brought into position by an actuated abutment.
239 for unequally spaced ratchet stops associates with a
work carrier to effect unequal work-feed increments in
recurring series.
268 for work-feed against a stop or guide for positioning
thereof.
Subclass:
254
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Device
provided with means to cause two or more stops to become
effective in serial relationship to position the work for
successive tool cycles.
(1) Note. The plurality of work stops are so disposed
and/or moved that not all of such stops are brought into
work-abutting and stopping position for any one tool cycle
and the identity of stops in such position varies
cyclically.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 for means to produce unequal work-feed increments in
recurring series.
278 for some disclosures of work-moving pusher elements
which are successively effective.
393 for work stopping abutment(s) with cyclic means to alter
work-stopping position between tool strokes.
Subclass:
255
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device having
two or more tools disposed along the path of feed movement of
work at such locations that each tool operates, in sequence
and during different dwell periods, upon the same piece of
work or the same feed-wise segments of indefinite length
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
213 for plural tools successively actuated in one general
cutting zone during the same or different dwell periods.
217 for a tool arranged to engage the work a number of times
during one dwell period.
237 for a machine whose work-feed increment is less than the
dimension of a tool array indirection of work-feed, to
produce overlapping, continuous, or intermingling cuts by the
same tool or array of tools.
272 for plural work-feed paths in a cutting machine.
404 for means to feed work from one tool station to
another.
620 for plural tools mounted on and actuated from same
support.
Subclass:
256
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Device in
which the work is fed in different directions to the various
tools in succession.
(1) Note. A "change in direction" may be a mere reversal of
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
219 for a machine capable of feeding work in different
directions between successive tool actuations.
Subclass:
257
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
the work-feeding motion is timed to take place while the tool
is being withdrawn from the work after its cutting function
has been performed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for a tool which has work-feeding motion in addition to
its cutting and retraction motion.
229 for work-feed means driven by tool or tool support
during return movement of the tool.
Subclass:
258
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
the work-feed means is driven from a constantly rotating
crankshaft through a Scotch yoke or connecting rod with no
provision for work dwell other than the momentary halts that
occur when the yoke or connecting rod passes through its
extreme positions.
(1) Note. The yoke or rod may drive work-feed rolls through
a double pawl-and-ratchet arrangement, whereby the feed is
driven at each forward and each return stroke of the pitman
(no half-revolution idle period as in a single-ratchet
drive).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
235 for work-feed dwell caused by imposing reverse motion on
a portion of flexible moving work, where all machine parts
may be in motion during the dwell.
Subclass:
259
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device which
functions to move work by gripping engagement between a
surface of the work and a surface of a continuously rotating
reciprocating or oscillating member, the dwell being caused
by separation of the frictionally engaged surfaces.
(1) Note. Subclass 260, indented hereunder, includes
patents disclosing mutilated feed rolls to cause the
intermittent feed.
(2) Note. This subclass includes feed grippers which during
their advancing motion, release the work to effect the dwell
as the grippers continue to reciprocate or oscillate between
advanced and retracted positions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
259 for dwell caused by directly clamping or blocking the
work.
260 and see (1) Note above.
269 for slippage of feed means on work, after work has
engaged a stop or abutment.
Subclass:
260
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the continuously driven feed member has a frictional
work-engaging surface which has been modified, as by cutting
away portions thereof, to cause intermittent drive of the
work by repeated engagement and disengagement of such surface
therewith.
(1) Note. The dwell is caused by interruption of frictional
driving engagement between feed element and work surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246 for work-feed adjustment by changing the effective shape
of a driving or driven element.
275 for a work-feed means whose dwell is produced by
intermittent engagement of mutilated gearing.
Subclass:
261
This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein
the frictional work engaging surface moves continuously in a
circular or closed oval path.
(1) Note. This subclass includes patents disclosing opposed
continuously moving feed rollers or feed belts which are
alternately moved toward and away from each other to advance
and to release the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
235 262, and 269, for other continuously rotating work-feed
means in a machine of the subclass 202 type.
284 for continuously driven work-feed means in a machine of
the flying cutter type.
350 for continuously driven work-feed means in a machine
wherein no provision is made to stop the work.
436.1 for a cutting device with a roller to convey work
wherein the cut is parallel to and during work movement.
436.3 for a cutting device with a roller to convey work,
generally.
Subclass:
262
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
feed means continuously advances the work toward a position
where it is acted on by a clamp or an abutment, which stops
the movement of the portion of the work in the region of the
cutting zone, or wherein the movement of such portion is
stopped by the tool itself in its cutting stroke.
(1) Note. The work usually buckles or compresses during the
time the clamp or abutment stop is effective and the tool is
actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for work-stopping abutment which also moves the work to
its correct position at the tool zone.
212 for a work-stopping abutment incorporated in a
work-sensing means.
230 for clamp or work stop on tool or tool support.
236 for work continuously advanced to an intermittent
work-feed means.
253 for work-stopping abutment cooperating with a
supplemental work-feed means.
268 for work driven against a locating stop, by work-feeding
mechanism or by the action of gravity alone, in a machine of
the subclass 202 type.
269 for a work-stopping abutment which is effective to halt
the work while it continues to be biased forwardly by feed
means.
350 for tool with stroke transversely of moving work and
timed therewith, no provision being made for stopping the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 343 for a conveyor a
portion of which dwells at a work station while the conveyor
continues to move along other portions of its conveying
path.
Subclass:
263
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device which
incorporates means to assure, in connection with each
starting or stopping of the work, the feeding or advancement
of a predetermined length of work or the confinement of the
rate of change of speed of the work to a desired range.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include adjustment of
work-feed increment, as such, for which see subclasses 241+,
supra.
(2) Note. A work-feed means as defined in this subclass is
commonly used, for example, to prevent undesired, accidental,
or unauthorized advance of the work during a dwell period, or
to assure the full extent of advance of the work at each
cycle, or to avoid damage to or inaccurate advance of the
work caused by sudden starts and stops of the work-feed
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
234 241+, 250+, for feed adjustments.
Subclass:
264
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device wherein
means is provided to prevent the overrunning of a work-feed
means or its motion during any part of the cycle other than
while it is being driven.
(1) Note. These devices may be utilized to prevent advance
of work by tampering or unauthorized use, as in
ticket-issuing machines, or may be used to handle certain
kinds of workpieces with greater precision, reduce wastage,
etc.
(2) Note. If overrunning is prevented by positive drive
trains (double-acting cams, etc.), search the pertinent types
of work-feeds.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 399+, for an interlock including control of work-feed
means.
242 for a machine characterized by multiple-unit work-feed
increments, which usually include means to prevent overrun or
unauthorized work-feed operation.
274 for positive stop during dwell.
416 for a work conveyor and means to stop same.
Subclass:
265
This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device
including means to prevent reversal of direction of work-feed
means before it has completed a predetermined travel.
(1) Note. The full stroke mechanism is frequently
interlocked with the tool actuating means to prevent
premature tool actuation; patents claiming the interlocking
feature are originally classified in subclass 221.
(2) Note. In addition to its primary function of preventing
underfeed of work, full stroke mechanism also prevents the
advance of an excessive amount of work by repeated actuation
of the work-feed means through partial strokes between
successive tool strokes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
209 211+, for specific operations similarly controlled in
machines of the subclass 202 type.
221 for interlock between work-feed and tool actuation, and
see (1) Note above.
222 for tool actuation tripped by completion of work-feed
and vice versa.
360 for operation controlled by means responsive to work.
416 for means to stop work-mover.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 17.5 for a full
stroke compelling mechanism in general.
81, Tools, subclass 313 for a full stroke compelling
mechanism in a plier-type tool.
Subclass:
266
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
an element of the means which moves the work to the tool zone
also supports a tool (i.e., functions as a tool support as
defined in the Definitions of terms for the class).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
218 for tool having work-feeding motion.
267 for some patents disclosing a tool mounted on a rotary
work carrier.
322 for work-feeder mounted on support for flying cutter.
566 for tool which moves work to and against cooperating
tool.
Subclass:
267
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
provided with means (e.g., an indexing member) to carry the
work through at least a portion of a circular path while in
engagement with holding means, the work being acted upon by a
tool while held on said means.
(1) Note. The presence of work-clamping means on the rotary
member distinguishes it from a feed roll.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
323 for work-feed means carried by orbitally moving tool
support, in a flying cutter.
325 for work gripper on endless belt work carrier in flying
cutter machine.
411 for work carrier guided about axis fixed relative to
tool station.
439 for means to guide work for pivotal motion about a fixed
axis in the vicinity of a tool.
Subclass:
268
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
provided with passive means which serve as an obstacle to
limit movement of work in a given direction.
(1) Note. This subclass includes machines wherein the feed
means moves the work to an inclined track, where it slides
down against a stop, or wherein the work merely drops against
such stop after being brought into the vicinity by feed
means, or wherein the feed means drives the work against the
stop.
(2) Note. In some cases, the work is caused or permitted to
move back against an abutment which positions it for
cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for actuated abutment which positions work prior to tool
stroke.
253 for work moved against a stop by a supplemental work
moving means.
391 for a work-stopping abutment actuated in timed relation
to tool stroke.
396 for work-mover stop actuated in timed relation to tool
stroke.
414 for means to stop work-mover, in general.
467 for a work-stopping abutment not claimed as functionally
related to a tool.
Subclass:
269
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Device wherein
the feed means continues to move (and slips on the work),
upon work contact with a stop element, the frictional driving
engagement of the feed means with the work being overcome
(interrupted) by the halting of the work in the feeding
area.
(1) Note. Devices found in this subclass provide for
slippage of the feed means on the blocked work rather than
slippage at some point in the drive train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262 for continuously driven feed means and work clamp or
stop, with no provision for slippage (work must buckle up or
distort).
350 for continuously fed work acted upon by a transversely
moving tool, with no provision for slippage (work must buckle
up or distort) and work movement is checked only momentarily
as an incidental effect of contact therewith of the tool.
Subclass:
270
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
a work guideway and feed means are located both at one side
of the work path, leaving the other side of the path
unobstructed.
(1) Note. Machines thus modified are capable of operating
on a very wide object or strip, also can operate at or near
the periphery of an irregularly shaped object, such as a shoe
sole.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
219 for variable direction of work-feed from cycle to
cycle.
249 for machine modified to facilitate manual shift or
repositioning of work.
373 for interrelated tool actuation and work guide
movement.
445 for work guide adapted to permit manual shift of work
relative to a tool station.
914 for flash trimmer.
Subclass:
271
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
provision is made in the work-feed mechanism to keep it from
interfering with or being touched by the moving tool.
(1) Note. Conveyor belts with openings registering with the
tool, belts with loop at the cutting station, etc., are
included in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
266 for tool supported on work-feed means.
Subclass:
272
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including separate feed means for advancing two or more lines
of web or stock material, or successions of workpieces along
different routes to the same tool or to different tools.
(1) Note. This does not include separate rolls or belts or
sectionalized rolls on common shafts, which feed work in the
same general plane or along converging or diverging paths.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
256 for work being fed in different directions to and
between a plurality of tools for sequential operations by
said tools on the same general areas of the work.
Subclass:
273
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
step-by-step work-feed motion is obtained by means of
modified rotary gearing which periodically interrupts the
flow of power to the feed means during continued rotation of
a portion of the gearing.
(1) Note. This subclass includes only those devices wherein
a rotary gear or element rigid therewith drives the work-feed
means intermittently.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for disclosures of work-feed adjustment by altering an
effective number of teeth in intermittent gearing which
controls, but does not drive, a work-feed device.
246 for an interrupted gear drive wherein the effective
number of driving gear teeth is adjustable to vary the
work-feed increment.
Subclass:
274
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Device in
which the gearing has portions which interrupt the motion of
a driven portion thereof and hold it at a standstill for
predetermined intervals during the rotation of the driving
gear.
(1) Note. Examples are Geneva stop mechanism, and the
"Drunken Worm".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 for means in general, to prevent random or excessive
feed movement.
Subclass:
275
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Device in
which the increments of work-feed correspond to toothed
portions of the periphery of a rotatable body which
cooperates with another toothed rotatable body in the driving
train for the work contacting feeding means, and the
intervals of time during which the feed means is not driven
correspond to untoothed portions of the first named rotatable
body.
(1) Note. In this subclass, the gearing merely periodically
interrupts the flows of power to work-feed means, but is not
designed to lock the latter in position during the dwell
intervals, for which see subclass 274.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for adjustable gearing which controls the timing of
work-feed drive means but which does not itself drive said
means.
246 for some disclosures of mutilated gearing in work-feed
drives.
274 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
276
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Means
including a member which engages and advances bodily with the
work towards the cutter.
(1) Note. The work-feed means may reciprocate; i.e., travel
along the same path on its return stroke as it traveled in
its feeding stroke; or it may return from its feeding stroke
along a different path (such as a "four motion" feed, or an
endless belt conveyor).
(2) Note. The work engaging member may undergo a return
movement after each feed increment, or after a succession of
work-feed increments.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 for means to move work step-by-step in an arcuate path
said means having no distinct (e.g., reverse) return
movement.
409 for other rectilinear work-mover means including a
work-constrainer.
435.11 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and tool adapted to cut parallel to the
direction of and during work movement.
437.1 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and a tool, generally.
730 for a cutting device including a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and including means to cause the cutting device
to make plural passes through a diminishing workpiece,
including means to effect incremental movement toward the
plane of cut.
Subclass:
277
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device
including opposed solid members arranged to hold frictionally
a portion of the work to draw the work with them and thus
present the work to the tool.
(1) Note. A gripper is a device comprising a plurality of
opposed jaws or surface elements relatively movable to engage
opposed surfaces of a workpiece and thereby apply sufficient
force to enable advancement of the workpiece by said jaws or
surfaces through their frictional engagement with said
workpiece, i.e., in a direction substantially parallel to the
surface elements or jaw faces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 for rotary work carrier comprising work grippers or
abutments.
276 for rectilinear or oscillatory feed device which holds
work by other than frictional gripping or positive abutting
engagement (e.g., suction or magnetic holders.
294 319, 323, 325, for work-feeding grippers in
flying-cutting machines.
409 for work-constraining means on workmover.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 468.2 and 470.1+ for a
conveyor having load-gripping members.
Subclass:
278
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device in
which the work-feed means comprises a member which engages in
an opening in the work or which positively pushes the work.
(1) Note. Impaling points or fingers which form their own
recesses or openings in the work are included here.
(2) Note. Push bars and the like which directly engage and
push the work are included here. The "abutment surface"
engaged by such pusher may be the rear edge of the work as
well as any other salient portion.
(3) Note. A feed member having a rough toothed, or
corrugated surface to engage work, if opposed by another
moving surface so as to clamp the work, would be classified
in subclass 277, but if opposed only by a stationary
work-supporting surface or work guide, or by the mere weight
of the work itself, would generally be regarded as imbedded
in the work or abutting it within the scope of the definition
of subclass 278.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
277 and see (1) Note above.
423 for projections on work mover (e.g., pinwheel).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, subclass 388 and 854+ for a
conveyor having a holder that contacts the interior of the
conveyed load, subclasses 692+ for a conveyor having load
impalers, and subclasses 717+ and others for a conveyor that
pushes a load supported on a separate platform.
Subclass:
279
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including active or passive means which move or exert control
on the work (other than by merely supporting it against
gravity) before it reaches the means-to-feed it to the
cutting zone.
(1) Note. The first named means (guiding, positioning, or
transport) is not adequate of itself to present the work
properly to the tool zone.
(2) Note. The first named means may merely orient or
"square up" the work being presented to the work-feed means,
or it may control the timing of work presentation to the
latter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 for means to effect uninterrupted advance of work from
supply source to work-feed means.
250 for means to produce a plurality of work-feed increments
per tool cycle.
255 for means to feed work successively to plural tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses
relating to plural conveyors which successively carry a
load.
Subclass:
280
This subclass is indented under subclass 279. Device which
comprises means to carry work from a source of supply and
transfer it to the means effective to present the work to the
cutter.
(1) Note. The transport means serves to advance work to the
work-feed means proper, but is not adequate in itself to move
the work in correct amount and proper timed relationship to
the tool station, and is thus distinguishable from a
work-feed means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 for continuous advance of work to a feeding and cutting
machine having work-feed dwell.
250 for means to produce a plurality of work-feed increments
in a tool cycle.
Subclass:
281
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Device which
includes mechanism to engage articles, usually one at a time,
withdraw them from position in a magazine or stack holder,
and present them successively to a work advancing means or to
the work-feed means proper.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
417 for such work-picking means associated with other types
of tool and work-feeding means.
Subclass:
282
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device
including opposed solid means to contact the halted work and
maintain or retain the work frictionally in a fixed
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
206 for a machine of the subclass 202 type which employs a
clamp to move the work into position.
259 264, 277, for a disclosure of a device having a work
clamping function in addition to its primary function of
feeding work or controlling the feed of work.
262 for a machine whose work-feed dwell is caused by
clamping the work.
294 319, 323, for a device to grip moving work in a flying
cutter type of machine.
375 for a work clamp actuated by or in timed relation to the
motion of a tool or the tool feeding means.
452 for a cutting device having a clamp associated
therewith, in general.
Subclass:
283
This subclass is indented under subclass 202. Device wherein
the tool is caused to start from rest in a retracted position
and travel through its cutting cycle returning to its initial
position and to stop there, by automatic clutching and
declutching means while other machine parts continue in
motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for randomly actuated stopping means, which includes many
disclosures of a clutch in a tool actuating drive train, some
of these disclosures including a clutch of the one-revolution
type.
203 for unicyclic operation of a cutting machine of the type
wherein a tool engages the work during the dwell period of an
intermittent work-feed.
210 211+, 369, 370+, for tool actuation controlled by
work-sensing means.
285 for an intermittently initiated flying cutter action.
359 for tool actuation controlled by means responsive to
product.
380 for sequencing control of interrelated clamp and tool
means.
484 and 524+, for unicyclic tool actuation.
Subclass:
284
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
which includes means to move one or more tools into cutting
engagement with the work while the work is being moved to and
through a cutting zone to produce (a) spatially unconnected,
or (b) undulant (e.g., zigzag) cuts, and in which the tool's
movement includes, as a necessary factor, motion in the
direction of such work movement.
(1) Note. These devices are commonly known as "flying
cutters".
(2) Note. See section IV, Glossary, of the Class 83
Definition for the definition of "flying".
(3) Note. The direction of movement of the work, to and
through the cutting zone; i.e., feed direction, is determined
by the law of operation of the disclosed machine, even though
the work-feed means is not claimed. Accordingly, this and
the indented subclasses do not require that means to feed the
work be claimed. Thus, patents for means to cut manually fed
work may be included here if the other requirements of the
definition are met.
(4) Note. This and the indented subclasses are limited to
devices which engage the work so that cuts made by the same
tool are spaced from each other or produce a nonrectilinear
slot or slit. Patents for cutters which continuously engage
the work, even though they have a component of motion in the
direction of work-feed which has no affect on the resultant
cut, such as band knives and rotary disc slitters, will be
found in other areas of the schedule. The test is whether
the "flying" motion has any affect on the desired shape of
cut.
(5) Note. Since indented subclasses 321+ is limited to
patents which disclose a tool having a cutting blade which
moves in an orbital path, this subclass, (284) has been
chosen as the residual repository for those patents which
disclose an orbiting anvil and a cooperating nonorbiting
bladed tool, and which do not disclose a feature set out in
the schedule above subclass 321.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 for corresponding methods of cutting.
201 for an endless flexible band knife; and see (4) Note
above.
350 for a device in which the tool has a stroke which is
timed with respect to moving work, which stroke does not have
a component in the direction of work-feed at the time of
cut.
469 for a rotary disc cutter; and see (4) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 70, 129+, 185+, and 203+ for a "flying
cutter" means in a moving work metal deforming apparatus.
82, Turning, subclass 53.1, for a cut-off means having a
motion component in the direction of work-feed.
101, Printing, appropriate subclasses, for similar apparatus
for treating moving work, as by printing or embossing rather
than by cutting.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 50, for a
selective cutting device having flying cutting tools.
Subclass:
285
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
there is provided a mechanism which periodically starts a
tool from a position of rest, moves the tool to and through
the work, and brings the tool to rest for a dwell period.
Subclass:
286
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device
provided with a detector* for work, a transmitter*, and means
to initiate or effect a tool action as a direct or indirect
result of the receipt by said means of a detected and
transmitted signal or impulse.
(1) Note. For convenience in terminology, in this and
indented subclasses, the compound movement of a flying tool
will be referred to in terms of two components, one being the
tool "flying movement" (defined in the Glossary for the
class), and the other being the tool "feed movement)"
(defined as that component of motion directed only toward the
work, i.e., toward the other tool of a tool pair). The
distinction between the named components is not an arbitrary
one; in the schedule, and in the placement of patents,
components are significant as to those patents which disclose
separate actuating means to give the tool its respective
flying and feed movements. Thus a patent to a rotary cutter
of the "lawnmower" type (such as is found, per se, in
subclasses 331+ below) and including work-responsive tool
actuating means, will be found in a generic subclass such as
290 rather than in a subclass characterized by the type of
feed or flying movement such as subclasses 291 or 292,
respectively.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass (286) are patents
disclosing tools revolving about a fixed axis (e.g.,
lawnmower type), which tools are actuated by a mechanically
operating detector and transmitter. For similar structure
wherein the detector is a photocell, see subclass 289; and
wherein it is otherwise part of an electrical circuit, see
subclasses 290+, indented hereunder.
(3) Note. For other subclasses providing for work-sensing
mechanism and control means responsive thereto, see
subclasses 399+ under the heading "Search This Class,
Subclass".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
308 for patents in which the flying component of the tool's
motion is derived entirely from the engagement of the tool
with the moving work.
Subclass:
287
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device
provided with means to alter the dimension of the product in
the direction of work movement.
(1) Note. For the purpose of this subclass, the length of a
product is that dimension defined above regardless of the
magnitude of that dimension relative to other dimensions;
thus, as to this subclass, the length of a product may be
smaller than the width thereof if short pieces are cut from
relatively wide work.
(2) Note. Examples of the means defined above are means to
effect (a) variation of the position of the work sensor
relative to the cutter and (b) variation of the time elapsed
between the sensing of work and the initiation of the tool
action in response to said sensing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
363 for other product length changing apparatus responsive
to work-sensing means.
Subclass:
288
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Device
provided with means to alter the longitudinal dimension of
the first product cut from a workpiece with respect to the
longitudinal dimension of the remaining products cut from the
same workpiece.
(1) Note. The work "crop" is an art term referring to that
end portion of a workpiece which is so irregular in contour
or composition as to be considered waste material. To
produce regular sheets from a rolled slab, for instance,
waste or "crop" may be trimmed from the leading and/or
trailing end of the slab, the intermediate cuts producing the
usable products which are usually of longer dimension than
the crop and of similar dimension as between successive
usable products.
(2) Note. Included herein are patents also disclosing means
to change the length of intermediate products so that a short
trailing "crop" end may be cut.
Subclass:
289
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device in
which the detector includes a means responsive to light to
energize an electrical circuit, and the detection of work is
effected by a change in the quantity or quality of the light
received by said means either directly (as by work's moving
between said means and the source of said light), or
indirectly (as by reflection from the work).
(1) Note. Examples of the means referred to above are
vacuum tubes and other light-sensitive detectors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for a photoelectric work sensor in a "self-regulating"
device.
365 for other apparatus responsive to photoelectric
work-sensing means and see Notes thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, 200, for photocell detector and
circuit.
Subclass:
290
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device in
which the transmitter includes an electrical circuit to
initiate cutter action, and in which the detector includes a
make-break portion in said circuit.
(1) Note. Contact of the work with the trip switch may be
either direct, or indirect, as by engagement of the work with
a lever or linkage connected to the trip switch.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass (290) are patents
disclosing rotary flying tools of the type classified in
subclasses 331+, which tools are actuated by a trip switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
372 for other operating means responsive to trip switch
work-sensing means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, 61.13, 61.19+,
61.41, and 61.42+, for a detector switch, per se.
Subclass:
291
This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device
including a cutter having a means for accomplishing its feed
movement, separate and distinct from a means for
accomplishing its flying movement, whose feed movement (at
least) is started by the work-responsive detector and
transmitter.
(1) Note. See (1) Note to subclass 286 for definition of
the terms "feed movement" and "flying movement".
Subclass:
292
This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Device in
which the actuation of both (a) the means for accomplishing
flying movements, and (b) the means for accomplishing feed
movement, is initiated by the same signal or impulse.
Subclass:
293
This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device
provided with a cutter having a means for accomplishing its
flying movement, separate and distinct from a means for
accomplishing its feed movement, whose flying movement (at
least) is started by a work responsive detector and
transmitter.
Subclass:
294
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device
provided with means, connected to and traveling with the
cutter and/or its support, to firmly secure the work to the
support for the period during which the work is moving and
the tool is cutting.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing devices
wherein a work-responsive flying gripper is actuated to
secure the flying support to the moving work, thus effecting
flying movement of the cutter. Also included herein are
patents disclosing work-responsive mechanism to actuate
concurrently a driving means for the flying movement of the
tool and a work gripping means.
Subclass:
295
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device
including means responsive to the speed of the work or of the
work-moving means for regulating the speed of the means for
accomplishing flying movement of the cutter.
Subclass:
296
This subclass is indented under subclass 285. Device
provided with means for changing the number of occurrences of
tool-action-starting with respect to either a given duration
of time or to the passage of a given amount of work past the
tool.
(1) Note. Patents disclosing the adjustment defined above
may disclose that this adjustment is for the purpose of
changing the length of product cut from the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
287 for work-responsive means to vary length of product of a
"flying" cutter.
369 for work-driven measuring means to cut different product
lengths, in general.
Subclass:
297
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Device in
which the means to vary the frequency of the
tool-action-starting mechanism includes at least two means,
one of said means comprising an element which, when
activated, effects the initiation of the tool action, the
other of said means comprising a plurality of pin members
moving in a closed path, one or more of which pin members
along the closed path may be selectively positioned so as to
describe a second closed path (parallel to the first named
path) which intersects the location of such element at the
selected position(s) along the first named path, whereby the
positioned pin member(s) will intermittently or periodically
engage and move, or otherwise activate, the element in the
desired frequency of occurrences.
(1) Note. The positionable pins may be mounted on a wheel
or endless chain for movement in the first named closed path,
and any selected pin may be shifted into the second closed
path either manually or by mechanical means.
Subclass:
298
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device in
which both the work-feed means and the means to move the tool
through a cutting action or cycle are provided with
independent power trains, each of which trains has a speed
changing means which is adjustable to vary the speed of its
driven element (tool or work respectively), and a common
mechanism is provided to interdependently regulate the
several speed changers so that an adjustment of one will be
accompanied by an adjustment of the other.
(1) Note. A mere common drive does not fall within the
meaning of this subclass, and will be found below; e.g., in
subclass 339.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
311 for a device to regulate the tool speed of flying
cutters.
312 for a device to regulate the work-feed of flying
cutters.
339 for interconnected work-feed and cutter drives, and see
(1) Note above.
Subclass:
299
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
means is provided to change the lapse of time between the
initiation of one tool cycle and the initiation of a
subsequent tool cycle and which at the same time maintains
the flying speed of the tool the same as it was before the
change was made.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
311 for a device which merely regulates the tool speed of a
flying cutter.
324 for means to vary the tool speed cyclically.
Subclass:
300
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
more than one flying cutter is provided, and one of the
cutters makes a cut in the work which is different from the
cut made on the same work by the other cutter or cutters.
(1) Note. The difference in tool structures is not merely
one dimensional extent.
(2) Note. Included herein, for example, are flying cutters
which sequentially punch and cut off the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
303 for plural separately mounted flying cutters which may
make similar cuts in the work.
Subclass:
301
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
there is provided both a cutter of the type defined in
subclass 284 and a cutter of this class not falling within
that definition.
Subclass:
302
This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Device wherein
the other cutter makes a continuous cut in the work through
its thickness in a direction which is substantially parallel
to the direction of movement of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
408 for means to move the work between a slitting station
and a transverse cutter station.
425 for a slitter, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 525 for longitudinal
slitting of material being wound.
Subclass:
303
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
more than one tool of the type defined in 284 is provided and
the tools are independently supported for separate operation
in the device.
(1) Note. Included, for example, are two rotary flying
cutters, each rotated at a different speed, and each
operating on a different portion of a web which has been slit
into two portions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 for plural diverse flying cutters.
Subclass:
304
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
the tool is cyclically operated, and wherein a means is
provided to permit or prohibit cutting during the cycle.
(1) Note. A tool pass (as applied in the title and
definition of this and indented subclass) refers to a sweep
of the tool along with the work and including both its flying
motion and whatever feed motion is present. A pass may be
rendered ineffective to cut the work by a change in tool
motion (either in its flying or feed movements), or by a
change of work-feed motion, or both.
(2) Note. Patents disclosing operator actuated means to
render a tool pass ineffective will be found here.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for a device in which the cyclic operation of the cutter
is stopped by an intervening force and is resumed upon
release of the force.
306 for a device in which the work is shifted laterally into
the path of the cutter to effect a cut.
Subclass:
305
This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Devices
wherein means is provided to cause a cutter to make a
plurality of passes at the work in the direction of
work-feed, and the said means causes the work to be cut in
certain of the passes and not to be cut in other passes
according to a predetermined pattern.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304 for a flying cutter having manually operated means to
render a cutter pass ineffective.
306 for a work shifter which deflects the work out of a
noncutting feed path into the path of the tool.
528 for a device having means to move a tool away from the
cutting plane while the tool continues to cycle.
Subclass:
306
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
is provided a means at or near the cutter which bodily moves
the work at an angle to the existing direction of work-feed,
into and out of the path of the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304 for a flying cutter combined with means which are
manually operated to render a cutter pass ineffective.
Subclass:
307
This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Device wherein
sensing means responsive to advancing work causes the
actuation of the work shifter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
286 for a device to initiate the tool action in response to
a sensing of the work.
399 and the Notes thereunder for the loci of other patents
disclosing a device actuated by a work sensor.
Subclass:
307.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
the flying cutter is an elongated member having a diameter
which is relatively insignificant as compared to its length,
which member enters the work in a direction perpendicular to
the axis of the member and produces a severance of the work
without any appreciable flow of material.
(1) Note. Because of the "planeless" nature of wire
cutters, devices embodying such cutters have structural and
operational features peculiar only to such devices. Such
features (e.g., wire guides, tool infeed means) will be found
in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200.1 for a cutting device which operates by increasing the
tension on a work-enclosing wire.
651.1 for a wire, cutting tool, per se.
Subclass:
307.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 307.1. Device
wherein the wire tool is mounted on a tool support, which
support moves back and forth in a direction parallel to the
direction of the moving work.
Subclass:
307.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 307.2. Device
wherein the tool support, in addition to its reciprocating
movement, also rotates the tool about an axis which is
parallel to the direction of movement of the work.
Subclass:
308
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
means is provided to move the tool or a member connected to
the tool into contact with or in the path of the moving work,
so that the tool or member is moved (e.g., dragged or pulled)
along by the work at the same speed as the work, and this
contact is the sole motive force which moves the tool in the
direction of work-feed at the time of cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
222 for a tool of the type there classified in which the
tool motion initiates work-feed and vice versa.
Subclass:
309
This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device wherein
the tool is resilient, and wherein the tool gives or bends in
the direction of work-feed when it contacts the work and
springs back to a ready position when disengaged from the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
542 for means to move or permit movement of tool through
cutting cycle by deforming a resilient tool or tool support.
Subclass:
310
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
there is provided adjacent the cutter a holding or confining
element for the work, and this element moves coincidentally
with the cutter in the direction of work-feed during the
cutting cycle to carry the weight of the work or steady it.
(1) Note. The flying supports classified in this subclass
are often used when delicate or fragile material such as
paper straw tubes are cut.
(2) Note. The devices in this subclass are distinguished
from the devices in subclasses 319, 322, and 325 below in
that the latter not only guide or support the work against
gravity, but also positively move the work in feed
direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
319 and see (2) Note above.
322 and see (2) Note above.
325 and see (2) Note above.
373 for other types of tools having interrelated tool feed
and work guide moving means.
Subclass:
311
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device
including means to vary the flying speed of the cutter.
(1) Note. Devices which increase the flying speed of rotary
cutters by increasing the effective radius of the cutters are
not here but in subclasses 331+ below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for a method of cyclically varying the tool feed.
295 for means controlling flying speed dependent on work
speed.
298 for interrelated control of work-feed and tool speed.
312 for a device having work-feed speed regulation.
331 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
312
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
means is provided to vary the rate at which the work is
advanced to the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
263 for means to control the magnitude or acceleration of
work-feed to the type of tool there classified.
298 for a device having interrelated controls for varying
both cutter and feed speed.
429 for means to effect difference between rate of work-feed
and speed of a nonflying tool in continuing contact
therewith.
Subclass:
313
This subclass is indented under subclass 312. Device wherein
means is provided to change the rate at which the work is
advanced during each cycle of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for a method of cyclically varying the work-feed.
324 for means to cyclically vary the tool speed of an
orbitally moving tool.
Subclass:
314
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device which
includes a resilient or elastic element connected to the tool
or its supporting structure to resist movement in a work-feed
direction, and which element urges the tool back to its
initial position after the work has been cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
582 for a constantly urged (e.g., spring biased) tool or
tool support.
Subclass:
315
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device in
which the tool or its support is mounted on a member which is
pivoted to swing back and forth, along the path of work
movement about such pivot as an axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
258 for the type of cutter there classified wherein the feed
means has an oscillatory motion.
491 for a rotatable disc cutter on an oscillating standard.
Subclass:
316
This subclass is indented under subclass 315. Device in
which two tools cooperate to produce a cut, and the tools are
mounted on the same pivoted flying member so as to oscillate
about the same point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
320 for plural tools mounted on the same rectilinearly
shuttling carrier.
Subclass:
317
This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Device in
which one of the cooperating tools is pivotally mounted to
move independently on the oscillating flying member on the
backward movement of such member so as not to engage the work
on the backward movement of the flying member.
Subclass:
318
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device which
includes a means on which the tool or its support is mounted,
and which means is caused to travel back and forth in a
straight line path adjacent the path of the work-feed, and
wherein the cutting tool is caused to move cyclically into
and out of engagement with the work during its forward travel
to cut the work.
Subclass:
319
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device in
which there is means other than the tool to temporarily
fasten the work to the carrier during the movement of the
carrier in the work-feed direction.
(1) Note. The clamping may be effected by a member which
serves as an anvil in the cutting operation or by a part of a
tool other than the cutting edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
186 for means to secure hollow work to a movable tool
support.
308 for a flying cutter in which the flying motion of the
tool is derived solely by its contact with the work.
310 for a flying work support or guide.
Subclass:
320
This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device in
which two tools cooperate to produce a cut and both are
mounted on the same carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316 for a device in which both tools are mounted upon an
oscillating standard.
Subclass:
321
This subclass is indented under subclass 284. Device wherein
the cutter blade travels in a closed loop.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
201 for an endless flexible band knife which travels in a
closed loop and continuously engages work.
331 for a cutter which travels in a circular path.
Subclass:
322
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein
the cutter support, or means mounted on the cutter support
advances the work through the cutting zone or holds the work
while it is being cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
225 for work-feed controlled by means mounted on the tool or
tool support where the tool engages the work during a dwell
on intermittent work-feed.
Subclass:
323
This subclass is indented under subclass 322. Device in
which thework-feeder includes means to grasp or hold the work
immobile with respect to the feeder.
Subclass:
324
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device
including means to change the peripheral speed of the cutter
during a portion (only) of the tool cycle.
(1) Note. This feature is ordinarily utilized to enable
changes in the length of the workpiece to be cut off, without
necessitating changes in speed of work-feed or other major
adjustments.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 for methods of varying the tool and/or work-feed
cyclically.
313 for means to vary the work speed cyclically.
Subclass:
325
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device in
which a continuous belt includes or has cooperating therewith
a means to grasp the work and advance it.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices having two
feed belts clamping the work between themselves in order to
advance the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
322 for a tool carried work-feeding clamp.
Subclass:
326
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device in
which the tool or its support is mounted on a flexible,
continuous, closed loop structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
661 for an endless band or belt-type tool, per se.
788 for an endless flexible band knife machine.
Subclass:
327
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein
there is provided a mechanism which moves the cutting tool in
a curved path immediately before, during and immediately
after its work cutting operation and, at all times during
this operation, maintains the tool in planes which are
parallel to each other.
Subclass:
328
This subclass is indented under subclass 327. Device wherein
a pair of tools coact with each other to cut the work.
Subclass:
329
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein
the tool is a relatively thin member of generally circular
cross section mounted to rotate about an axis extending
thickness-wise therethrough, and wherein means is provided to
move the axis in an orbital path.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are tools having
saw-toothed or serrated peripheral edges.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
425 for a rotary disc cutter in combination with means to
move work thereto, and whose axis does not itself have an
orbital motion.
469 for a rotatable disc tool pair (or tool and carrier)
whose axes (or axis) do not have an orbital motion during the
cutting operation.
Subclass:
330
This subclass is indented under subclass 329. Device wherein
the disc is journaled to rotate about its axis, but no power
means is provided to effect such rotation; any rotation which
does not take place is due solely to the engagement of the
cutter with the work.
Subclass:
331
This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device in
which the cutter blade tool is mounted on an axis of rotation
to travel in a circle about such axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
315 for a cutter which oscillates back and forth in an arc
of a circle.
321 for a cutter which travels in a closed loop which is not
a circle and see the Notes thereof for search references.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, particularly 205, 240, 276, 292, 307, and 319
for rotary cutters of the type there classified.
Subclass:
332
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device in
which the tool has an annular cutting edge which extends
around only a portion of the circumference of the tool
support, and which edge extends in a plane parallel to the
direction of work-feed.
(1) Note. Rotary punches; i.e., tools having a plurality of
punches mounted around the periphery of the tool support have
not been considered as slitters or slotters for this
subclass, but have been classified in other subclasses under
331 on the structure claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
425 for a rotatable disc tool in combination with means to
move work thereto, which tool cuts a continuous slit or slot
in the work as the work is fed past the cutter.
469 for a rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier.
676 for a rotatable disc tool, per se.
Subclass:
333
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device
provided with a cutter including a cutting edge on the
periphery of said cutter, in which a development (in the
sense of the term as used in descriptive geometry) of the
cutting edge from said periphery into a plane forms a zigzag
or sinuous line.
(1) Note. Included herein are rotatable circular cutters
known in the art as "pinkers", "pinking wheels" and "pinking
machines". The terms are so well known that the shape of the
edge as defined above is rarely recited precisely; hence mere
recitation in the claim (s) of such art terms or similar
terms is considered sufficient for classification herein.
(2) Note. Patents in which the cut is of the form known as
"scalloped" will also be found herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
428 for a device which produces an undulant cut by
reciprocating a slitting blade laterally of the direction of
work-feed.
918 for pinking digest.
Subclass:
334
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device in
which means is provided to cause a cutter to start from a
position of rest, rotate sufficiently to cause one cutting
operation to take place, and then assume a position of rest.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for a unicyclic operation where a tool engages work
during a dwell feed.
285 for a device to intermittently cause a tool action of a
flying cutter to be initiated.
484 for a unicyclic operation of a rotary disc slitter.
524 for a unicyclic cutting machine in general.
Subclass:
335
This subclass is indented under subclass 334. Device wherein
means is provided to cause the tool to rotate substantially
360 degrees during the single cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for a device for stopping a cutting tool after a
predetermined number of cutting cycles.
283 for a one revolution clutch drive mechanism in a device
in which the tool engages the work during a feed dwell.
Subclass:
336
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
means is provided to shift or flex the work in a direction
generally normal to the direction in which it is fed to the
cutter, said means acting on the work intermediate the supply
source of the work and the cutting zone of the machine; e.g.,
so as to vary the amount of work fed to the cutter without
changing the speed of the work-feed means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 for a loop former in the type of cutting apparatus there
classified.
350 for incidental buckling of work during cutting.
Subclass:
337
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device
including means to effect a supplemental movement of the
tool, other than that of rotation about its axis, during the
cutting cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
185 for a tool, inside hollow work, which tool or a second
tool coacting therewith has compound motion.
327 for a tool having compound motion, which motion keeps
the tool constantly oriented in a plane maintained by the
tool at all other times during the cutting operation.
557 for cooperating cutters having a cyclic movement into
and out of operating position in addition to their tool
stroke.
Subclass:
338
This subclass is indented under subclass 337. Device in
which means is provided to move the cutter, during its
rotation, back and forth in the direction of its axis of
rotation.
Subclass:
339
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
means is provided to feed the work to the cutting means, and
said two means are connected to each other by a power train
so that they both may be driven from a single power source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231 for a device in which the means to feed the tool during
a dwell in the work-feed is controlled by the work-feed
mechanism.
298 for interrelated control of tool and work-feed drives,
and see (1) Note to that subclass (298).
Subclass:
340
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device in
which the cutter is a spiral blade mounted on an axis of
rotation, which axis extends in the direction of work-feed,
so that the cut proceeds inwardly from the side of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
342 for a helically mounted cutter making a progressive
transverse cut in which the axis of the cutter is transverse
to the direction of work-feed.
672 for a helical cutter, per se.
Subclass:
341
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
means is provided to begin the cut at one edge or point of
the work and thereafter continues along the work in a
straight line, in a direction which is not parallel to the
direction of the work-feed, to a different edge or point.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
595 for means to effect a progressive cut of a revolving
tool moving through a recess in a work holder or in a
cooperating tool.
596 for means to effect a progressive cut of a revolving
tool.
Subclass:
342
This subclass is indented under subclass 341. Device in
which the cutter is mounted spirally around its axis of
revolution.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
340 for a helically bladed tool whose axis extends in the
direction of work-feed.
672 for a rotatable helical tool, per se.
Subclass:
343
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device which
includes a second edged cutting tool, or other coacting
surface (e.g., anvil), mounted on an axis of rotation to
travel in a circle, which axis is parallel to the axis of
rotation of the first tool, and wherein the first tool and
the second tool or other coacting surface together effect the
cutting action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 for a tool pair comprising a rotatable disc tool and a
cylindrical anvil.
509 for a tool pair comprising a rotatable anvil and a fixed
tool.
659 for a rotatable anvil tool, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
492, Roll or Roller, see section III, References to Other
Classes, of the Class 492 definition, for the loci of other
roll pairs with working surfaces.
Subclass:
344
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Device having
means to adjust, move or permit movement of the axes of
rotation of the cooperating tools toward or away from each
other in order to vary the distance between the tools.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
495 for a rotatable disc tool pair including means to adjust
there between.
663 particularly subclass 677 for a rotary tool adjustable
with respect to their supports.
Subclass:
345
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Device in
which cutting members mounted on each of the two axis of
rotation interdigitate with respect to each other.
Subclass:
346
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Device in
which the backup has a smooth faced surface that is engaged
by the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
659 for a rotatable anvil, per se.
Subclass:
347
This subclass is indented under subclass 346. Device in
which the facing of the backup is made of elastic or
yieldable material.
Subclass:
348
This subclass is indented under subclass 343. Device in
which means is provided to continually urge, as by a spring,
one of the tools which may be a coacting surface with respect
to its mounting, or to continually urge the mounting of such
tool with respect to another tool mounting to effect cutting
cooperation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
345 for cooperating rotary cutters which overlap each other
during the cutting operation.
506 for a disc blade and cylindrical anvil cutting couple
resiliently urged together.
Subclass:
349
This subclass is indented under subclass 331. Device wherein
the rotary cutter coacts with a cutter fixed in position to
cut the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
355 for similar art where the rotary tool does not have a
component of motion in the direction of work-feed during the
cutting operation.
509 for a tool pair comprising a rotary anvil and fixed type
cutter.
Subclass:
350
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a tool which is actuated in synchronism with
advancing work, to cut such work while the latter is passing
through the tool station; the tool, during its passage
through the work, following a path which is substantially
perpendicular to the direction in which the work is moving.
(1) Note. The portion of the work near the cutter may be
blocked thereby during and incidental to the cut, causing a
buckling or compression of the work. If, however, a patent
contains a definite teaching that a dwell is caused in the
work motion, such patent will be placed in subclasses 202+,
particularly subclasses 262+. Usually the tool stroke* is
rapid, and the work springs or falls back to its normal
condition between tool strokes.
(2) Note. For a patent to be placed as an original copy in
this and indented subclasses, it is not necessary that a
work-feed means be claimed if it is evident (from the claimed
subject matter) that work is in motion and that a definite
timed relationship exists between the work motion and the
tool actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for a device in which a tool engages work during the
dwell period between successive increments of work-feed, and
subclass 262, indented thereunder, for a device wherein
work-feed means is operated continuously, but the work is
halted during cutting by engagement therewith by a clamp,
abutment, or the tool itself, and see (1) Note, above.
284 for tool having motion component in direction of moving
work, and in particular subclass 349, indented thereunder for
rotary transverse cutter with axis offset from work-feed
path.
401 for a device to move work toward a tool station.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 49, for a
selective cutting device which operates on moving work; and
subclass 50 for such a device with flying cutters.
Subclass:
351
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device in
which a work-feed means acts during the tool stroke upon a
portion of the work spaced from the tool and in a direction
not intersecting the cutting zone, whereby the work is caused
to pivot about the portions thereof which are successively
engaged by the tool, to effect a generally curved or
irregular line of cut.
(1) Note. The action is similar to that of an operator
using a pair of scissors to cut a curved piece out of tin or
cardboard.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for a cutting machine controlled by a perforated record.
215 for a machine of intermittent work-feed type wherein a
tool has motions additional to its cutting stroke.
353 for a tool traveling laterally across a moving web.
411 for means to guide a work carrier about a fixed axis
relative to a tool station.
439 for a work guide which permits rotation of the work
about a fixed axis.
565 for tool motion (usually other than rectilinear)
controlled by a templet.
Subclass:
352
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device
provided with work-carrying structure which is drivingly
connected to tool-actuating means so that movement of the
work-carrying structure transmits power from itself to a tool
to cause the latter to cut the moving work.
(1) Note. One tool is sometimes fixed to the work support,
and a cooperating tool moved by linkage connected thereto.
(2) Note. The concept of this subclass is distinguished
from that of a "flying cutter" by the fact that here the work
may be at rest in the cutting zone at the start of the
operation. Thus the actuated tool of this subclass may have
a component of motion in the direction of the moving work.
(3) Note. The work-carrying structure constitutes or is
part of work-moving means, hence is distinguishable from a
"work-responsive" detector or sensing means, for which see
subclasses 360+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 for a tool which has a component of motion during
cutting in the direction in which the work enters the cutting
zone.
360 for operation controlled by means responsive to work.
409 for other work-carrying structure.
Subclass:
353
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device wherein
the tool is of small dimension relative to the dimension of
the work in the direction of the tool stroke, and the tool
progresses along the moving work in an edge-to-edge direction
thereof.
(1) Note. This type of movement usually produces a bevel or
bias cut.
(2) Note. The relatively narrow tool offers little
resistance to feeding movement of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
483 for a rotatable disc type of tool traveling from edge to
edge of work.
614 for a reciprocating tool which travels from edge to edge
of a sheet or web.
Subclass:
354
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device
provided with means to change the time interval between any
two successive cutting strokes with respect to the length of
work fed during such interval, without the necessity of
replacing any machine parts to effect such change.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
240 for adjustable tool or work-feed in machines of the
step-by-step intermittent feed type, and subclass 234 for
varying the number of work-feed increments per tool stroke.
287 296, 304, 305, and 313, for adjustment of work or tool
feeding flying-cutting machines.
Subclass:
355
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device
including means which constantly transmits power to actuate
the tool continuously through repeated strokes during
continued movement of the work.
(1) Note. A cam-driven tool would satisfy the limitations
of the definition of this subclass only if no dwell period
occurs during the camming cycle. (A dwell period implies
interruption in the flow of power to the tool).
(2) Note. Examples of tool actuation to be found in this
subclass are (a) simple rotation, (b) tools driven with
sample pendulum motion, (c) reciprocating tools driven in
substantially simple harmonic motion, as by a Scotch yoke, an
eccentric, or a conventional rotary crank and connecting
rod.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
315 318+, and 321+, for a tool which is actuated in an
oscillatory manner so as to operate on moving work while
periodically moving along with the work (flying cutter).
331 for a rotary cutter arranged to travel with moving work
during the cutting operation (flying cutter).
591 for a tool having simple rotary motion throughout its
stroke or cutting cycle.
Subclass:
356
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device in
which either the tool or the work is shifted between cutting
operations in a regularly recurring manner, and in a
direction transverse both to the tool stroke and the main
direction of work-feed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
215 for a machine wherein a tool has motion additional to
its tool stroke during a cutting cycle.
220 for a machine in which the work may be advanced in
different directions between successive operations of a
tool.
249 for a machine having work-feed means arranged so as to
facilitate manual shifting or reorientation of work between
successive tool strokes.
Subclass:
356.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device
including a plurality of tools, which tools act successively
upon the moving work, and wherein each tool has its own
support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356.3 for a similar device wherein a plurality of cutting
tools share the same common support.
404 for a cutting device which includes a plurality of tool
stations and means to move the work from one station to
another.
Subclass:
356.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device
including means to to rectilinearly move the tool toward the
work on one stroke and away from the work on the other
stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
613 for rectilinearly reciprocating tool driving means, per
se.
Subclass:
356.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device
including more than one individual tool on a tool support.
(1) Note. The individual tools on the tool support may act
simultaneously or successively or some simultaneously and
some successively, depending, for example, on their relative
positions on the tool support and the manner in which the
tool support moves them to the cutting zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356.1 for a similar device having a plurality of cutting
tools, each tool being mounted upon a separate support.
Subclass:
357
This subclass is indented under subclass 350. Device which
incorporates a plurality of actuated tools operable in
succession upon the moving work at locations spaced
longitudinally of the path of work-feed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for methods involving a plurality of cutting steps in
general.
255 for work fed intermittently to a succession of tools.
301 for a flying cutter combined with other type cutter.
404 for means to move work from one tool station to
another.
Subclass:
358
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a detector* for the product, a transmitter* and
means to effect the functioning of at least a part of the
device as direct or indirect result of the receipt by said
means of a detected and transmitted signal or impulse.
(1) Note. In this and the indented subclass, that part of
the device whose functioning is effected in response to the
signal or impulse will be referred to as a "controlled
apparatus".
(2) Note. For patents in which the functioning of a
controlled apparatus is affected (e.g., varying the speed of
the work or cutter, or changing the working conditions of the
device) in response to deviations of an operating condition
of the device or a component thereof, as distinguished from
response to product, see subclasses 72+.
(3) Note. For patents in which the controlled apparatus is
a means to handle the cut product, see subclass 79.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61 for stopping of device responsive to product sensing.
71 for control means responsive to indicia bearing tape or
card.
72 and see (2) Note above.
79 and see (3) Note above.
360 for similar structure responsive to work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
177, Weighing Scales, 60 for the combination of a cutting
machine and a weighing scale which receives material cut, or
to be cut, by the cutting machine, characterized by means to
actuate, or to modify the operation of, the cutting machine
in response to determination of the weight of material
accumulated on the weighting scale.
Subclass:
359
This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Device in
which the controlled apparatus includes a tool* and/or a tool
driving train and the function effected is the regulation of
movement of said tool.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices in which
the cutter moves through a cutting cycle, and devices in
which the cutter is shifted or positioned relative to the
work or product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
368 for a cutter shifted relative to the work in response to
work, and see (1) Note under subclass 368 for meaning of the
word "shifted".
369 and 370+, for a cutter actuated to cut responsive to the
work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 64, for a
punched card reproducer operable as a gang punch (each newly
punched card serves as a pattern to control selection of
tools to punch the following card).
Subclass:
360
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a detector* for the work, a transmitter*, and
means to effect the functioning of at least a part of the
device as a direct or indirect result of the receipt by said
means of a detected and transmitted signal or impulse.
(1) Note. In this and the indented subclasses, that part of
the device whose functioning is effected in response to the
signal or impulse will be referred to as a "controlled
apparatus".
(2) Note. For patents in which the functioning of a
controlled apparatus is affected (e.g., varying the speed of
the work or cutter, or changing the working conditions of the
device) in response to deviations of an operating condition
of the device or a component thereof, as distinguished from
response to work, see subclasses 72+.
(3) Note. For patents in which the controlled apparatus is
a means to handle the product, see subclass 80.
(4) Note. For patents in which the controlled apparatus is
a means to stop work movement and a means to initiate a
cutting cycle, see subclasses 208, 209+, and 211+.
(5) Note. For patents in which the controlled apparatus is
a "flying" cutter, see subclasses 286+ and 307.
(6) Note. The combination of means to produce a mark on
work and means to detect the mark, in response to which
detection, an operation is effected, will be found in the
appropriate mark-producing class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 and 63+, for stopping means responsive to work.
71 for control means responsive to indicia-bearing tape or
card.
72 and see (2) Note above.
80 and see (3) Note above.
208 209+, and 211+, and see (4) Note above.
286 and 307, and see (5) Note above.
358 for similar structure responsive to product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 2 for automatic control of a
power operated tool driving or impacting means.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 25, for
work-responsive means which controls an auxiliary operation
in a selective cutting machine; subclasses 63+ for control of
tool selection by such means.
Subclass:
361
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the detector* is provided with means to govern or
regulate or adjust the action or position of said detector*,
or the transmitter*, or the impulse receiving element.
Subclass:
362
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device in
which the control or regulating means regulates the duration
of time existing between the effectuation of the signal or
impulse and the effectuation of the functioning of the
apparatus.
Subclass:
363
This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device in
which the control means is effective to alter the extent of
the cut product.
(1) Note. The "extent" of a cut product is defined as that
dimension parallel to the direction of work movement
regardless of the size or extent of that dimension relative
to other dimensions, (i.e., for the purpose of this subclass
the length or extent of a product may be smaller than the
width thereof if short pieces are cut from relatively wide
work).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
241 for other means to vary the product length in a subclass
202 type of cutting device.
287 for other product-length changing apparatus using a
"flying" cutter.
354 for means to vary the timing of the tool relative to
moving work, responsive to a work characteristic.
Subclass:
364
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device
provided with more than one detector*.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents to device
provided with plural work-sensors usable one at a time
alternately or selectively; or provided with plural
work-sensors usable together, in either cooperation or
opposition, to control the same function or to control
different functions in predetermined sequence.
Subclass:
365
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the detector* includes a light-sensitive means
responsive to light impinging on said means to energize an
electrical circuit and the detection of work is effected by a
change in the quantity or quality of the light received by
said means either directly (as by work's moving between said
means and the source of said light), or indirectly (as by
reflection from the work).
(1) Note. Examples of the means referred to above are
vacuum tubes and light-sensitive detectors.
(2) Note. Included herein are patents in which a beam of
light is reflected from the work or an index mark thereon to
the light-sensitive-means, as well as patents in which the
work covers and uncovers the light-sensitive means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
72 for a photo-electric work-sensor in a "self-regulating"
device.
289 for a photo-electric work-sensor in a "flying" cutter
device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, 200 for photocell detector and
circuit.
Subclass:
366
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the controlled apparatus is a mechanism to prevent
movement of a part or element of the device or to prevent
movement of the work, said mechanism being provided with
means to disable the movement-preventing mechanism and in
which the function effected is activation of said disabling
means by the work-responsive means, whereby a subsequent
operation is permitted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
399 for interlock means controlled by other parts or
elements of the device, and see the "Search This Class,
Subclass" notes under subclasses 399+ for other interlock
subclasses.
Subclass:
367
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the controlled apparatus includes means to move, guide,
decelerate or stop the work, and the function effected is the
actuation or modification of the operation of said means.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents provided with means
to effect final registry of work with respect to its cutting
position after initial work movement but prior to cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
209 for means to control work movement in combination with
means to initiate cutting cycle, both in response to a
work-sensing mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, 10 for
means to sense material and means to control the operation of
material advancing means.
Subclass:
368
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the controlled apparatus is a cutter movable in a
direction other than in the work-cutting path and the
function effected is the movement of said cutter in said
other direction.
(1) Note. The inclusion of the term "other" in the above
definition is not intended to exclude patents having claimed
means to impart a work-cutting movement. Patents claiming
such means (per se, classifiable in other subclasses in this
schedule) and, in addition to such means, claiming means to
impart a supplemental movement (such as for locating the
cutter in, or shifting it to, a different position relative
to the work or the machine; e.g., to cut a different part of
the work, or place the cutter out of operative position)
responsive to the work-sensing means, will be placed in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
359 for similar structure responsive to product.
Subclass:
369
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device
including a detector* which is moved by, and to an extent
proportional to, movement of the work; further including
means to effect a signal or impulse only when the extent of
such detector* movement reaches a predetermined amount; and
in which the controlled apparatus is a cutter, the controlled
function effected being the initiation of movement of said
cutter through a cutter cycle.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents provided
with means for changing the extent of work movement or
detector movement required to initiate the cutting cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
208 for similar structure in which the work movement is
claimed as stopped prior to cutting.
Subclass:
370
This subclass is indented under subclass 360. Device in
which the controlled apparatus is a cutter and/or a cutter
driving train and function effected is the initiation of
movement of said cutter through a cutting cycle.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents in which
the work itself is uniformly electrically conductive, and the
work completes an electrical circuit in the detector*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
210 211+, 266+, and 369+, for other work-sensing means to
initiate the cutting cycle of a cutter.
359 for similar structure responsive to product.
Subclass:
371
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Device in
which the detector* is operative to sense the presence of an
index, or a protuberant or re-entrant portion, in or on the
work, to initiate the cutting cycle.
(1) Note. Included in the terms "index", "protuberant
portion" and "re-entrant portion" are such indicia as a hole
or notch in the work, a mark (e.g., printed) on the work
surface, an electrically conductive area on the work which
completes an electrical circuit in the detector and
transmitter system, and bumps or projections on the work.
Also included within the scope of such terminology are
articles, or spaces between articles, in work which comprises
spaced articles connected together by a connected medium
(e.g., tape, string, etc.), the connecting medium of which
work is to be severed between adjacent articles.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 for devices in which a mark on the work is interposed in
a light responsive (e.g., photocell) circuit.
Subclass:
372
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Device in
which the transmitter* includes an electrical circuit and the
detector* includes a make-break portion in said circuit for
completing or interrupting the circuit to initiate the
cutting cycle.
(1) Note. Contact of the work with the trip switch may be
direct, or indirect as by engagement of the work with a lever
or linkage connected to the trip switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
290 for other trip switch sensing means in a "flying"
cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, 61.13, 61.19+,
61.41, and 61.42+, for other detector switches.
Subclass:
373
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means to change the location or position of passive
means to orient the moving work cooperates significantly with
means to move a tool through a tool stroke* or a part of such
stroke.
(1) Note. The work guide functions merely in a passive
manner to orient or influence the direction of motion of work
which is moved by another means.
(2) Note. The generally lateral displacement of work which
may be incidentally caused by movement of work guide means is
not considered work-feeding (work moving) within the
definition of this term. A work guide is thus
distinguishable from work-feed means or supplemental
work-feed means.
(3) Note. The subject matter of this subclass includes a
work guide which is carried by or moved by the tool merely as
a matter of convenience or compactness in design even though
its movement has no effect on the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for means to guide a cut product.
241 270, 272, 276+, 279, and for many disclosures of a work
guide in a machine of subclass 202 type.
306 310, for interrelated work guide and flying cutter.
410 412+, 418+, for work guide or work-mover guide related to
the movement of work toward a tool.
438 for means to guide moving work, generally.
Subclass:
374
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
in which means to move or render active means to maintain or
retain work stationary, or means to move or render active
means presenting an obstacle or bar to work movement,
cooperates significantly with means to move a tool through a
tool stroke* or a part of such stroke.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a device in which the
immobilizer is merely mounted on the tool or tool support,
even though the motion of the immobilizer may have no useful
effect on the work; e.g., the immobilizer is movably mounted
merely as a convenience or to simplify the machine design.
(2) Note. This subclass includes work immobilizers which
restrain and hold work stationary by means of suction,
magnetic attraction, impaling pins, or locating pins, as well
as immobilizers which clamp work or provide stopping abutment
therefor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
181 for interrelated tool actuating means and means for
immobilizing hollow work.
202 for interrelated tool actuating and work moving means,
with incidental showings of work immobilizers in many
subclasses which relate to the stopping or holding of work.
367 for work movement controlled by means responsive to work
in a cutting machine.
373 for interrelated tool actuating and work guide moving
means.
451 for work immobilizer generally associated with a cutting
machine.
454 for a work clamp interrelated to or combined with a tool
guide.
Subclass:
375
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Device in
which the means cooperating with the tool moving means
comprises a plurality of opposed solid jaws or surface
elements which are made effective by movement of one or more
of said jaws or surface elements to grip the work
frictionally and hold it in desired position fixedly with
respect to a tool station.
(1) Note. Clamps which act to move the work, as well as
hold it in fixed position after movement ceases, are not
found in this subclass, but will be found in the appropriate
subclass relating to work moving (including those directed to
the work-moving, tool-moving relationship).
(2) Note. In this subclass are found disclosures of a clamp
driven in timed relationship to a tool as from a common drive
shaft or power train or from a separate power source and
related to the tool stroke only by timing control mechanism.
(3) Note. For device actuated in timed relationship to a
tool, and disclosed as being of utility as a "stripper" as
well as a clamp or holddown, see appropriate subclasses
indented under subclass 111.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
282 for work clamping means effective during the dwell of
intermittently effective work moving means which coincides
with a tool stroke.
452 for a cutting device including a separate, manually or
randomly controlled or actuated clamp.
453 for combined clamp and tool guide, wherein some clamps
are actuated by or incidental to movement of tool.
Subclass:
376
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device in
which the clamp is slidably mounted on the tool or tool
support by means including a guide which, after the clamp has
been halted by engagement with the work, causes a change of
direction of the tool movement from that in which both it and
the clamp have been moved by the tool driving force.
(1) Note. Examples are found in draw-cutting machines,
wherein inclined guide means between tool and clamp serve to
force the tool away from its initial vertical downward motion
after the clamp has settled firmly upon the work, thereby
effecting a slicing or "draw cut".
Subclass:
377
This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Device
including means which require that the clamp be urged against
the work with a predetermined force before the guide becomes
effective to deflect the tool.
Subclass:
378
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device
including means to deliver incremental clamping force in
proportion to incremental resistance exerted by the work
against the tool, so that the clamping force (additional to a
predetermined force; e.g., the weight of the clamp) is
proportional to the resistance which the tool meets in its
working stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
376 for many disclosures wherein the clamp takes some of the
reaction of the tool force, in order to deflect the tool into
an oblique, draw-cutting direction.
Subclass:
379
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device wherein
there are distinct phases of clamp drive, through different
drive means acting in succession or in varying combinations.
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass extends
beyond a mere variable force drive for a clamp.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
376 for the special case of a clamp driven through the
ultimate portion of its stroke by reaction of the tool as it
is deflected from its initial direction of motion by guide
means on the partially tightened clamp.
385 and 388+, for disclosure of a variable force clamp
drive.
Subclass:
380
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device wherein
proper timing of the tool stroke with respect to the clamp
actuation is assured by provision of means responsive to a
predetermined travel of a clamp jaw or to predetermined
developed clamping force, which means generates a signal or
impulse which causes or permits initiation of a tool stroke.
(1) Note. The sequencing means, as defined in this
subclass, is a specific application of an "interlock" (for
which in general see subclasses 399+).
(2) Note. Mere timed actuation of clamp and tool in
sequence, as by properly phased cranks or cams, does not meet
the definition of "sequencing means".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for interlock between work-feed and tool actuation in
machines of the subclass 202 type.
399 for sequencing features in general, and see (1) Note
above.
Subclass:
381
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device,
including means to permit voluntary manipulation or actuation
of the clamp, either in addition to or in place of the clamp
movement derived from or timed with the tool driving means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for a cutting device having means for manually overriding
a cyclic operation of a part (or parts) and means to bring
the device back to normal cyclic operation when the manual
impulse is removed.
452 for manually or randomly controlled or actuated clamp
associated with a cutting machine.
Subclass:
382
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device in
which a tool is rigidly mounted on or made integral with a
displaceable surface element of the work-gripping means.
(1) Note. Both tools of the cutting pair are movable. One
tool engages the work to clamp it against a work support
before the other tool engages the work in its cutting
stroke.
(2) Note. This subclass includes such devices as split die
blocks which move together to clamp the work before the
cutting tool engages it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
266 for a tool carried by work-feed means.
319 for means to secure work to rectilinearly movable tool
carrier, in a machine of the flying cutter type.
567 for a tool with work clamped thereto and movable against
another tool.
Subclass:
383
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device, in
which the actuated tool or its support, in some portion of
its movement approaches and drivingly engages a movable clamp
jaw or element rigid therewith, thus driving the clamp jaw in
one direction only.
(1) Note. The clamp is not mounted on the tool.
(2) Note. The clamp is usually moved, by engagement with
the tool, against the force of gravity or that of a
pre-loaded spring.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 for tool or tool support rigid with movable clamp jaw,
where tool stroke is not timed with or related to the clamp
stroke.
Subclass:
384
This subclass is indented under subclass 383. Device wherein
the clamp jaw is moved away from its applied or work-engaging
position by direct engagement with cutter or element secured
thereto.
(1) Note. The clamp jaw is moved against the work by other
means, such as gravity or preloaded spring, when the tool
withdraws from contact with the jaw.
Subclass:
385
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device, in
which a tool or an element rigid therewith, during the tool
stroke serves to impart motion to a cam, lever, linkage, or
other force-transmitting means which drives the clamp.
(1) Note. The force-transmitting means in the definition of
this subclass comprehends any mechanical or fluid pressure
mechanism operatively interposed between tool or tool support
and movable clamp jaw, including for example a simple pivoted
link connection, but excluding a direct driving abutment, for
which see subclasses 383+.
(2) Note. A clamp which is moved away from closed
(actuated) position by linkage driven by tool or tool
support, and which is biased or driven toward closed position
by other means will not be found here, but in subclass 375
(or subclasses 388+ for yieldable drive). Also see (2) Note,
under subclass 388.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 and 388+, and see (2) Note above.
383 for a clamp jaw driven in one of its two directions by
direct impact of tool or tool support, and see (1) Note
above.
Subclass:
386
This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Device in
which the force transmitting means between tool and clamp
comprises a resilient, deformable or slippable element.
(1) Note. See (1) Note under subclass 387.
(2) Note. The yieldable element may be included in the
drive as a mere safety feature to prevent excessive overload
strains, or it may yield during normal conditions of machine
operation, within the purview of the definition of this
subclass.
(3) Note. A frangible element, such as a shear pin,
constitutes a yieldable drive element for the purposes of
this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
388 for other examples of a clamp driven, in synchronism
with a tool, through a resilient or slipping drive train.
Subclass:
387
This subclass is indented under subclass 386. Device in
which the force-transmitting means comprises an elastic
element (solid or fluid) which exhibits the characteristics
of a spring throughout the expected range of forces applied
thereto during normal operation of the machine.
(1) Note. The definition of this subclass is restricted to
drive means which function in a springlike manner during
normal or expected conditions of operation of the machine.
Such means as a preloaded spring, interposed in a clamp drive
train for the purpose of yielding only to relieve excessive
strains during overload conditions, would not be classified
here but in subclasses 386 or 388 as a yieldable drive
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
386 and 388, and see (1) Note above.
389 for other examples of a clamp driven in timed relation
to a tool through a resilient drive train.
Subclass:
388
This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Device wherein
the clamp-actuating means comprises a force-responsive (i.e.,
resilient or slipping) element forming part of the
force-transmitting train which moves the clamp toward its
applied condition, such element serving to limit the force
which can be exerted on and by the movable clamp jaw.
(1) Note. The yieldable element may be a mere overload
responsive means, not effective during normal conditions of
operation. See (2) Note and (3) Note under subclass 386,
supra.
(2) Note. A clamp which is continually biased toward
closed position, but is raised cyclically by power-driven
linkage will be found in this subclass, even though the
linkage is moved by a tool or tool support. But see
subclasses 383 and 385+ for a clamp biased toward open
position and driven toward actuated position, directly or
through linkage, by the tool support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
383 and 385+, and see (2) Note above.
386 for a clamp yieldably driven from a tool or tool
support.
Subclass:
389
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Device wherein
the force-responsive element (solid or fluid) has the
characteristics of a spring or its equivalent throughout the
expected range of forces applied thereto during normal
operation of the machine.
(1) Note. The presence of a relief valve in a
fluid-pressure drive means indicates that the drive exhibits
the characteristic of yield ability under certain conditions,
hence is not wholly "resilient" (see (1) Note under subclass
390 and (1) Note under subclass 387).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
390 for fluid-pressure yieldable drive means for a clamp.
Subclass:
390
This subclass is indented under subclass 388. Device, in
which the clamp is moved by piston and cylinder or equivalent
device subjected to hydraulic or pneumatic force, and
provided with relief valve or other output limiting means.
(1) Note. The disclosure of a relief valve or other out-put
limiting device in the fluid pressure drive system is
evidence that the drive is "yieldable" rather than "positive"
or "resilient".
Subclass:
391
This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Device, in
which the means cooperating with the tool moving means is an
obstacle or bar to work movement across the path of the work
which functions by resisting or reacting to the work's
abutting it.
(1) Note. Most of these stops are adjustable, and most of
them are actuated to release or prevent interference with
cutting operation and/or delivery of the product.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
392 for actuated work stops located at front and rear of
work to "stabilize" it.
467 for a separate, manually controlled or actuated workstop
abutment.
Subclass:
392
This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein
a plurality of stop means are effective to block the work
against movement in two diametrically opposite directions.
(1) Note. These devices do not serve as clamps, nor do they
have any positioning function if the work is not correctly
placed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 and 228, for a work aligner including stops which are
capable of correcting small misplacements of the work.
Subclass:
393
This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device
including mechanical means for positioning the stop to
different positions or to cause another differently
positioned stop to be actuated or made effective between tool
strokes.
(1) Note. The general purpose of the combination of this
subclass is to effect different positions of work with
respect to the tool in different cutting cycles.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
238 for unequal work-feed increments in recurring series, in
a cutting machine of subclass 202 type.
241 for means in general to change length of work-feed
increment.
254 for plurality of work stops successively effective in
association with supplemental work-feed means.
268 for abutment to locate work at tool station, in a
machine of subclass 202 type.
Subclass:
394
This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device in
which the stop moves in unison with the tool or tool support
throughout at least a portion of the tool stroke.
(1) Note. In order to move in unison with the tool or tool
support, the stop must move in the same path as the tool (or
parallel thereto) and at the same speed and simultaneously
with the tool movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
383 for work clamp moved by direct impact of tool or tool
support.
Subclass:
395
This subclass is indented under subclass 394. Device wherein
the stop structure is fixed rigidly to the actuated tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
382 for clamp jaw fixed to or integral with tool or tool
support.
Subclass:
396
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein means to move a tool through all or part of a tool
stroke* cooperated significantly with means to make effective
a member which serves to limit the extent of motion of a work
pusher or work carriage.
(1) Note. This device is frequently employed to determine
the successive positions of a manually moved work pusher or
"back gage".
(2) Note. There may be a plurality of such members to
effect stoppage of work in different locations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
239 for unequally spaced stops on work carriage in machine
of subclass 202 type.
391 for interrelated tool moving means and means to actuate
work-stop abutment.
416 for means in general to stop a work conveyor.
Subclass:
397
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus wherein means are provided to change the location
or position of a protective obstruction for the operator tool
blade or work, which cooperates significantly with means to
move a tool through a tool stroke* or a part of such stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
544 for guard means which does not move in cooperation with
the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 613 for a similar device
for moving a guard into protective position by some part of
the machine.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
144 for a guard or housing for a belt and pulley drive
system.
Subclass:
397.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Device wherein
the protective obstruction protects the work.
Subclass:
398
This subclass is indented under subclass 397. Device
comprising means which is caused to cover the open guide slot
below the moving tool and adjacent the work supporting
table.
Subclass:
399
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
characterized by mechanism for detecting the presence or
absence or passage of a portion of the device, or for
detecting the characteristics of a pattern or templet, which
mechanism effects a signal or impulse as a result of such
detection and includes a component (disclosed or claimed) for
transmitting such signal or impulse; further characterized by
means to permit or effect the functioning of at least a
portion of said device in response, directly or indirectly,
to the receipt by said means of said signal or impulse; and
further distinguished in that the portion sensed is other
than said part or other than a part or sub-assembly in, or
driven by, a direct drive train moving said part.
(1) Note. In this and the indented subclasses, that part of
the device whose functioning is effected is termed the
"member" or "assembly" or "interlock" whose operation is
controlled; the portion sensed is termed an "object" or
"element"; and the meaning of the term "remote" (used in the
title) will be elaborated on in (3) Note below.
(2) Note. This and indented subclasses are the residual
subclasses for the placement of patents claiming means for
controlling the operation of a moving or movable member or
assembly or interlock in response to the sensing of an object
other than the controlled, moving member or assembly or
interlock itself. Subclasses 358+, 360+, and 71 to which
these subclasses (399+) are analogous, provide for patents in
which the sensed object is the product, the work, or
indicia-bearing control means, respectively.
(3) Note. Where the sensed object is an element integral
with, or driven by, a direct drive train, which train moves
the controlled assembly, with the result that movement of the
assembly is always accompanied by movement of the sensed
element, then the element is part of the controlled assembly
itself, and thus the element is not "remote" therefrom as
required by the title of subclasses 399+. Patents disclosing
and claiming such features will not be placed in these
subclasses, (399+), but will be found in other subclasses of
the schedule, often under the heading "unicyclic", or other
equivalent term.
(4) Note. This and indented subclasses do not include
patents disclosing structure provided merely with a
continuous train of mechanism inherently operative to perform
a plurality of operations, according to a regular or uniform
cycle. For such patents, see other subclasses appropriate to
the desired operations to be performed.
(5) Note. As a repository of patents this subclass (399)
includes patents disclosing and claiming structure in which
the member or assembly includes mechanism (i.e., an
interlock) to prevent movement of the member or assembly,
said mechanism or interlock being provided with means to
disable the movement preventing mechanism, and in which the
sensed object effects the activation of the disabling means,
whereby the mechanism or interlock is released and subsequent
movement of the member or assembly is permitted. For
interlock release means controlled by the presence of the
product, see subclasses 358+. For interlock release means
controlled by the presence of work, see subclass 366.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 and 60, for random stopping of part of the device
followed by a subsequent operation.
61 79+, and 358+, for sensing of product to effect: (a)
random stopping (61), (b) handling of the product (79+), and
(c) the operation of a part of the device (358+) (e.g., the
tool), respectively.
62 81+, 221, 222, 225+, and 380, for sensing of tool-feed to
effect: (a) random stopping (62), (b) handling of product
(81+), (c) release of work-feed interlock (221), (d)
initiation of work-feed (222), (e) control of work movement
in a device wherein the tool cuts during work stoppage
(225+), and (f) sequencing of tool and work clamp (380),
respectively.
62 221, 231+, and 352, for sensing of work-feed means to
effect: (a) random stopping (62), (b) release of tool-feed
interlock (221), (c) control of tool-feed in a device wherein
the tool cuts during work stoppage (231+), and (d)tool
actuation in a device wherein the tool is timed with respect
to moving work (352), respectively.
63 80, 209+, 211+, 286+, 307, and 360+, for sensing of work
to effect: (a) random stopping (63+), (b) handling of the
product (80), (c) control of work movement in a device
wherein the tool cuts during work stoppage (209+) (d)
initiation of tool feed in a device wherein the tool cuts
during work stoppage (211+) (e) movement of "flying" cutter
(286+), (f) shifting of work adjacent "flying"cutter (307),
and (g) the operation of a part of the device (360+),
respectively.
71 for a tape or card bearing indicia and means responsive
to such indicia to control operation of the device.
131 for interlock between product stripper and tool-return
means.
203 484, and 591, for unicyclic operation of (a) a device
wherein the tool cuts during work stoppage (203+), (b) a
carrier for a rotatable disc tool (484), and (c) a carrier
for a cyclically operating tool (591), respectively.
380 for sensing of work-clamping operation to effect
tool-feed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 6 for an analogous condition-responsive
means controlling a metal-deforming means.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 116.5 for
stop mechanism, particularly subclasses 129+, for safety
device or interlock.
Subclass:
400
This subclass is indented under subclass 399. Device
including mechanism to start the movement of that portion of
the assembly whose operation is controlled by the sensed
object.
(1) Note. The difference between patents in this subclass
(400) and patents in subclass 399 is that subclass 399
provides for structure wherein movement of the controlled
member or assembly is permitted (e.g., by effecting release
of an interlock), whereas this subclass (400) provides for
structure wherein movement of the controlled member or
assembly itself is started or accomplished as the direct
result of the detection of the sensed object (i.e., element,
pattern or other portion remote from the controlled member or
assembly itself).
Subclass:
401
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus including (a) dynamic means to effect movement of
the work with respect to the zone of the claimed cutter, or
(b) a device associated and moving with the work to hold or
support the work and facilitate movement thereof with respect
to such zone.
(0.5) Note. An extension of a plane from the outer surface
of a cutting edge of a cutter closest to the work will be
referred to as a "plane of cut" or "cutting plane".
(1) Note. This and indented subclasses are the residual
subclasses for the placement of a patent in which a
work-conveying means is claimed or clearly inferred from the
context of the claim and in which a cutter is claimed. A
patents in which work movement is effected by an operator
grasping the work itself and pushing or pulling such work
without correspondingly moving the work-associated device is
excluded from this and the indented subclasses (401+).
(2) Note. The work-moving means may comprise any structure
by which the work is moved relative to a cutting zone even
though the structure itself may be advanced manually.
Examples of such structure are a moving table, a pusher, a
belt, an air-blast nozzle, etc.
(3) Note. For the relationship of this group of subclasses
to other work-handling classes, see the Class Definition of
this class (83), section II, Lines With Other Classes,
subsection B, Relationship to Material Handling Classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for a cutting apparatus in which work is moved, stopped,
and cut during the dwell in work movement.
284 for a device which cuts moving work by a transverse
cutter moving with the work during cutting.
350 for a cutting apparatus including a tool which
approaches the work and recedes therefrom in a cutting stroke
which is otherwise timed or synchronized with respect to work
movement.
469 and 651+, as appropriate, for a patent in which a cutter
is claimed and no work-moving means is claimed, even though
it is apparent that the work must move to be cut.
471 for a cutting apparatus including a relatively immovable
work-supporting table, and a rotatable disc blade cutter.
648 for a cutting apparatus in which work movement is
effected by an operator grasping the work itself and pushing
or pulling such work relative to a work support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, for a power driven conveyor in
which no tool is claimed significantly, and see (3) Note
above. Search 343.1 and 375+ for a conveyor having means
for orienting the conveyed load relative to the conveyor.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, for means to
move work, generally, without recognition of both the leading
and trailing ends thereof.
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses and Section II,
Lines With Other Classes, paragraph B, of that class for the
line between this class and Class 269.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, for means to move a
relatively thin, flat workpiece of finite dimensions.
414, Material or Article Handling, for means to move an
individually recognized workpiece, generally.
Subclass:
402
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
provided with means to force a gas or a liquid against the
work itself, whereby the work is propelled by such gas or
liquid in a desired direction of work movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for method of cutting including fluid application and an
ancillary treatment.
24 for method of cutting including fluid application for
product handling.
53 for method of cutting including fluid application for
cutting.
98 for product handling by fluid current.
169 for means to apply transient, nonpropellant fluid to
work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass 205 for a fiber
preparing device including pneumatic means to carry fibers
from one location to another.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, may include
a nominal recitation of a supply or take-up coil (e.g., less
than a support for such a coil or a cooperative relationship
between a tension or exhaust detector* and reel driving or
reel stopping means, etc.), 97.1 for fluid current means to
advance the material.
Subclass:
403
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the work conveyor comprises a rotatable disc having a
work passageway starting at the center of one of its faces
and terminating in its periphery and in which the cutter has
a cutting plane substantially perpendicular to the disc
radius which defines the axis of the passageway at the moment
of cutting.
(1) Note. The patents included herein are commonly known as
Beria-type fiber cutters after the name of the inventor of
the device of U.S. Patent No. 1,723,998. In this and other
patents of this type, filamentary material is led axially
into the center of the disc wherein the material makes a
right angled turn into a work passage, usually radial, and
flows through the passage. The rotation of the disc effects
revolution of the radially extending portion of the filament
in the plane of the rotating disc, and the centrifugal force
imparted by the rotation simultaneously effects movement of
the filament outwardly of the axis.
Subclass:
403.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
including means to vary or adjust the rate at which the work
moving means advances the work toward the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
263 for means to vary the rate of speed of the moving work
during a dwell of the work-feed means.
298 for means to interrelate the tool and the work-feed
means.
312 for means to regulate the work speed relative to a
flying-cutter means.
429 for means to effect a different rate of speed between
the work and the tool.
Subclass:
404
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
provided with a plurality of separated cutting zones, at each
of which zones is located a cutter cutting in a plane acting
on a distinct portion of the same material, and including
means to effect movement of said material from a preceding
cutting zone to a succeeding cutting zone in sequence.
(0.5) Note. In this subclass, a plurality of punches or
dies which act simultaneously in a single stroke or cycle of
the tool actuator will be considered as a single cutting zone
or tool station: hence, means to feed to such zone will be
found elsewhere in this group of subclasses (401+). If two
punches or sets of punches are positioned at the same general
location, but do not act simultaneously, then the two punches
will be considered to define plural cutting zones and the
device will be found here (404).
(1) Note. The word "material" as used above is inclusive of
that work which is to be cut at a first cutting zone, and of
that product of the first cutting zone which is work to be
cut at a second cutting zone.
(2) Note. For further amplification of specific forms of
"cutting zone", see (1) Note of subclass 405, (1) Note of
subclass 406, and (2) Note of subclass 407.
(3) Note. This and indented subclasses differ from
subclasses 78+ in that these subclasses (404+) provide for
machines distinguished by a second cutter which acts upon the
product of a first cutter and, further, by structure for
moving the material (i.e., the product of the first cutter)
between the sequentially acting cutters; whereas subclasses
78+ provides for machines having means for removal of the
final product.
(4) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are
patents disclosing means for changing the direction of the
material movement, or the path of the material, between the
sequentially acting cutters or cutting zones.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for a method of severing including perforating and
cutting to join the holes so perforated.
78 for delivery means for the product of a cutter and see
(1) Note above.
213 and 255+, for plural tool stations of the type provided
for in subclass 202.
300 and 301+, for a "flying" cutter and another type cutter
operating sequentially.
357 for plural tool stations, in a device wherein a tool is
synchronized with moving work.
513 for plural, individually actuated tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, subclass 97 for plural
breaking tools.
Subclass:
404.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device wherein
a cutter in a preceding zone is positioned, or is capable of
being positioned, in such a manner as to have a cutting plane
that is not parallel to the cutting plane of a cutter in
succeeding cutting zone, and wherein each said cutters make a
cut that is parallel to the direction of work movement at the
time it is being cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.3 for a tool angularly adjustable relative to a work
support.
486.1 for means to adjust a tool angularly relative to its
previous position.
Subclass:
404.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 404.1. Device
wherein the work moving means, in transporting the work from
the preceding cutting zone to the succeeding one, shifts the
work so that a different lateral edge will be cut at the
succeeding zone than that which was cut at the preceding
zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
915.3 for an art collection including an ice cutting machine
which may include means to manipulate the work between
respective tool stations.
Subclass:
404.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 404.1. Device
wherein the cutting tool at one of the stations remains
passive during its cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431 for a stationary cutting tool, and means to press the
work to that tool during the cutting operation.
856 for a stationary cutter, per se.
Subclass:
404.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device wherein
the cutting zones are arranged in a spaced, overlapping
relationship such that their axis and their cutting planes
are parallel, and not coincident to one another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
425.2 for a device which includes a series of laterally
spaced, axially aligned cutting tool stations.
Subclass:
405
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device in
which at least one of the cutters comprises a tool for
perforating a hole in the material or a tool for cutting a
product from within the boundaries of the material or a tool
for cutting a product from within the boundaries of the
material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for method of blanking and cutting.
55 for method of blanking.
660 for pointed perforator, per se.
667 and 682, for punching plus nonpunching tool.
684 and 698.91+, for punching tool, per se.
Subclass:
406
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device in
which at least one of the cutters comprises a tool having a
nonlinear cutting edge acting upon the edge of the material
to remove one or more products therefrom and leave portions
of the original edge intact, or comprises a tool for severing
the material into two products by a nonlinear repetitive
pattern cut upon a portion of the material other than its
edge.
(1) Note. See (1) Note of subclass 405 except substitute
"notching or pinking tools" for "punches or sets of
punches".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 for rotating tool having an undulant cutting edge.
668 and 683, for notching plus nonnotching tool.
671 and 692, for notching tool, per se.
917 for notching "digest".
918 for pinking "digest".
Subclass:
406.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device wherein
one tool defines two cutting zones separated along the length
of the work-feed, which tool cooperates with a work-feed
means to cut a slice from the work at each of the two cutting
zones, as the work is moved first in one direction and then
in the opposite direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
707 for a rectilinearly reciprocating means which passes the
work through one cutting tool station.
Subclass:
407
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Device in
which at least one of the tools comprises one or more edged
cutters located in the path of moving material and whose
cutting plane (as disclosed) is substantially parallel to
said path for constant cutting contact with the material
thicknesswise thereof.
(1) Note. See the definition and notes to subclass 425 for
further amplification of what is considered to be a slitter.
(2) Note. A plurality of slitters transversely spaced at
the same longitudinal location, which slitters simultaneously
cut moving material, (i.e., two or more slitters spaced
across the material and perpendicular to the direction of
material movement), will be considered as a single cutting
zone or tool station, whereas slitters obliquely spaced
(i.e., one slitter to the side and forward of another
slitter) will be considered as plural cutting zones or tool
stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
469 for rotatable disc tool and carrier.
676 for disc-type tool, per se.
Subclass:
408
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Device in
which at least another of the cutting zones comprises a
cutter of the type which cuts from side edge to side edge of
the material across the direction of material movement at
said other cutting zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302 for "flying" cutter combined with "slitting" cutter.
Subclass:
409
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the work-moving means includes elements or mechanism
(mounted on or integral with, and moving with, said means)
for securing the work against both forward and rearward
shifting of the work relative to the motion of said
work-moving means, whereby the work partakes of all the
feeding movements of the work mover.
(1) Note. In this and indented subclasses, the combined
work-mover and work-constraining means will be referred to as
a "work carrier".
(2) Note. A feed drum with radial projections thereon
(commonly known as a "pinwheel") is not considered as a work
carrier as defined above if the work enters the pinwheel
chorally or tangentially, contacts only part of the periphery
of the pinwheel, and leaves the pinwheel chordally or
tangentially. For patents directed to such feed means, see
subclass 423.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for a cutting device including a reciprocating
work-mover, wherein the tool engages the work during dwell of
intermittent workfeed.
423 and see (2) Note above.
435.11 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and tool adapted to cut parallel to the
direction of and during work movement.
437.1 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and a tool, generally.
730 for a cutting device including a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and including means to cause the cutting device
to make plural passes through a diminishing workpiece,
including means to effect incremental movement toward the
plane of cut.
Subclass:
409.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Device
including means to hold two or more pieces individually on
the work conveyor for successive movement past a cutting
zone.
(1) Note. The work movement may be along a straight,
tortuous or a circuitous path.
Subclass:
409.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 409.1. Device in
which the work-moving means is provided with opening through
which a portion of the work protrudes for engagement with the
cutting means.
Subclass:
410
This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Device
provided with a means to restrict the work carrier to travel
in a predetermined tortuous or circuitous course.
(1) Note. See (1) Note of subclass 409 for definition of
"work carrier".
(2) Note. Included in this subclass are patents provided
with a pattern or templet, the pattern serving the dual
function of (a) guiding the work carrier, and (b) orienting
the work carrier, both with respect to the cutting zone. For
other patterns or templets which orient, but do not guide,
the work carrier, see subclass 413.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
413 and see (2) Note above.
443 for curved or deflecting means to guide the work
directly.
Subclass:
410.7
About axis fixed relative to tool station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410. Device in
which the work carrier is restricted to rotate or oscillate
around an axis, which axis is stationary with respect to the
cutting zone.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 for rotating work-feeder for a subclass 202 type of
cutter.
323 for work-feed for flying cutter, the work-feeder carried
by the tool support.
439 for pivotal work guide.
Subclass:
410.8
Infeed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410.7. Device
wherein the work carrier moves with the work through the
cutting zone to effect cutting.
Subclass:
410.9
About vertical axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410.8. Device that
is base mounted and wherein the work carrier is restricted to
turn about a line extending toward the center of the earth.
Subclass:
411.1
Cut normal to axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410.9. Device
wherein the plane of action of the cutting instrumentality is
such that that plane passes at a right angle through the line
about which the work carrier turns.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
703 for means to convey a workpiece to and fro through a
cutting zone to diminish the size of the workpiece.
Subclass:
411.2
Work guide tube:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411.1. Device
wherein the work is directed toward the cutting zone by
passing through hollow passage and the work is then advanced
through the cutting zone by movement of the hollow passage
laterally of the extent of the hollow passage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
409.1 for a cutting device including plural means on a
single conveyor to constrain plural workpieces.
Subclass:
411.3
Cut normal to axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410.8. Device
wherein the plane of action of the cutting instrumentality is
such that that plane passes at a right angle through the line
about which the work carrier turns.
Subclass:
411.4
Oscillating work carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411.3. Device
wherein the work carrier moves to and fro less than 360
degrees about the stationary line.
Subclass:
411.5
Multiple cutters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411.3. Device
including more than one instrumentality to effect a cutting
action of the class type.
Subclass:
411.6
Coaxial rotary cutters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 411.5. Device
including a first cutting instrumentality that cuts by
turning more than 360 degrees about its central axis and
including a second cutting instrumentality then cuts by
turning more than 360 degrees about its central axis, wherein
both central axes are coextensive.
Subclass:
411.7
Work stationary during cut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 410.7. Device
wherein the workpiece is guided into the cutting zone by a
work carrier restricted to move about a fixed line, and
wherein the workpiece is immobile during the cutting action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for means to intermittently (i.e., cyclically) cause
work to advance at a tool station with provision to effect
cutting during dwell of work advance; search especially
subclass 261 for a device wherein the work is advanced about
an axis and wherein advance is effected by an interrupted
fictional surface.
Subclass:
412
This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Device
provided with means to move the work carrier in a desired
place or posture with respect to the cutting zone.
(1) Note. See (1) Note of subclass 409 for definition of
"work carrier".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
396 for work-mover stop interrelated with tool-moving
means.
Subclass:
413
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Device in
which the orienting means comprises a model, prototype, or
design.
(1) Note. Included within the terms "pattern" or "templet",
are models which cause the path of movement of the work to be
exactly similar or proportional to the outline or form of the
model. Cams, eccentrics, and other objects which orient the
work carrier to cut a product to a form distorted with
respect to the object are not considered as pattern or
templet means. Such objects, if they effect guidance of the
work carrier, will be found in subclass 410.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
410 and see (1) Note above.
442 for a guide cooperating with a template or straightedge
secured to the work, but not serving to move the work.
565 for a tool which is guided by a pattern or template for
tool-positioning movement relative to the work.
Subclass:
414
This subclass is indented under subclass 412. Device in
which the orienting means includes at least two stop members,
one of which members is fixed to a stationary part of the
device and the other of which members is movable, its
movement being directly or proportionally related to the work
carrier movement, either or both stop members comprising a
plurality of successive stopping abutments, whereby the work
carrier means is halted successively by the interengagement
of one stop member with the successive abutments of the other
stop member.
(1) Note. A notch or depression and a detent cooperating
therewith is considered as indexing means for the purposes of
this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
239 for similar structure for producing work or work
carriage movements in unequal increments between tool
strokes.
Subclass:
415
This subclass is indented under subclass 409. Device
provided with means supplemental to the work securing means
and mounted on the work carrier, which supplemental means
contacts and establishes the position of the work with
respect to the work carrier.
(1) Note. See (1) Note of subclass 409 for definition of
"work carrier".
(2) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing means to
adjust the supplemental means with respect to the work
carrier.
(3) Note. As disclosed in the patents placed herein, work
is located relative to the carrier and thus the work is also
located relative to the tool. For other patents claiming
work conveying means and wherein, as disclosed, work is
located relative to the tool, see subclasses 418+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
391 for work-stop abutment interrelated with tool-moving
means.
418 and see (3) Note above.
467 for work-stop abutment.
Subclass:
416
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
provided with means to interrupt the movement of the
work-moving means.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing structure
in which work-mover stopping means regulates the extent of
work movement to the cutter. The extent of work movement may
be to that dimension which, when the work is cut through,
produces a product of desired dimension, or may be to that
distance which, when the work is perforated or notched,
produces a product having holes or notches spaced apart by
the desired distance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
396 for interrelated tool moving means and work-mover
stopping means.
Subclass:
417
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Devices
provided with means to collect temporarily a reserve supply
of discrete workpieces, from which supply said discrete
workpieces are to be separated and moved to a cutting zone.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing hoppers,
work-storage magazines, and gravity feed chutes, serving to
hold a reserve of work which is to be cut.
(2) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing means to
insure that only one workpiece at a time is moved from the
supply of workpieces.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
281 for means to pick an article from a pack or stack and
present such an article to a subclass 202 type of tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
221, Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for hoppers
and means to dispense articles therefrom.
271, Sheet Feeding or Delivering, appropriate subclasses, for
hoppers and means to feed sheets therefrom.
Subclass:
418
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
including means supplemental to the work-moving means, which
supplemental means contacts the work and positions said work
with respect to the cutting zone.
(1) Note. The supplemental means may include a passive
guide fixed or adjustable with respect to the cutter and a
roller inclined to the path of movement of the work-mover,
the roller urging the work against the guide. For an
adjustable guide, see subclass 421. The supplemental means
may include a pair of rollers inclined to the path of
movement to the work mover, the rollers being driven or
nondriven, but in either case urging the work laterally of
the direction of movement of the work.
(2) Note. Included herein is a patent disclosing two
members horizontally movable toward each other to clamp work
therebetween, wherein inherently one of the members will
engage a workpiece (the first-engaging member thus being a
workmover) and move that workpiece toward the other member
(the other member thus being the additional means); and in
which it is claimed or clearly inferred from the content of a
claim (e.g., by recitation of "centering" or similar term)
that the work is moved by one such member toward the other
member. See subclass 419 for structure wherein one of the
members is fixed relative to the cutting tool. See subclass
452 for work-clamp means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
409 for a work carrier including means to orient the work
carrier relative to the tool or to locate the work relative
to the work carrier, but in either case providing means to
orient the work relative to the tool.
419 and 452, and see (2) Note above.
421 and see (1) Note above.
443 for curved or deflecting work guide.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, 343.1 and 416+ and others for
a conveyor combined with means for contacting the conveyed
load to orient it relative to the conveyor or a tool
station.
Subclass:
419
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Device in
which the supplemental means comprises a member in the path
of movement of the work and fixed with respect to the cutting
zone to interrupt the work movement at least until the work
has been cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
163 and 166, for a material-stopping abutment associated
with product handling means.
207 253+, and 268+, for a work-stopping abutment in a
subclass 202 type of cutting device.
391 for work stopping abutment interrelated with a tool
moving means.
467 for work stopping abutment, per se.
Subclass:
420
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Device in
which the supplemental means comprises two members, one
member located on one side of the path of work movement and
the other member located on the other side of such path, both
members contacting the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448 for other plural guide elements.
Subclass:
421
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Device
including means to change the position of the supplemental
means with respect to the cutting zone.
(1) Note. Patents placed herein may disclose the function
of the adjustment as effecting a variance of the distance
between the uncut side edge of the work and the cut side edge
of the product. For other patents in which the same function
is achieved by shifting the tool means laterally, see
subclasses 433, 498+ and 504.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
433 498+ and 504, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
422
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
including means for urging the work toward the work-moving
means.
(1) Note. Where a patent discloses a pressing member
cooperating in a feeding function (as, e.g., an idler roll of
a feed couple), the patent (to be placed as an original
herein) must claim the pressing member in terms of its
pressing function (as by naming it "a presser roll") or claim
additional structure effective to urge or permit urging of
the presser toward the feeding means.
(2) Note. Included in this subclass are patents in which
the pressure between the presser assembly and the work-moving
means is adjustable. Thus patents claiming a feed couple, or
equivalent term, (characterized by structure including two
rolls between which, and in tangential contact with, the work
is moved by the rolls) and also claiming means to adjust the
pressure between the rolls, will be included in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
475 for similar structure in which a member presses work to
a movable work-support, which work-support is not claimed as
the work-mover.
Subclass:
423
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the work-moving means includes projecting and
re-entering portions (i.e., lugs or pins), mounted on or
integral with said means.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents disclosing a pusher
on a work-moving belt or table, said pusher engaging the
trailing end of a work article. Also included herein are
patents disclosing a wheel having radial pins or projections
engaging in perforations in the work wherein the work enters
the pinwheel chordally or tangentially, contacts only a part
of the periphery of the pinwheel, and leaves the pinwheel
chordally or tangentially, such that the work does not
partake of all the feeding movements of the work-mover.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
278 for other work-moving means for 202 type of tool.
409 for other work-moving means including work-constraining
projections, but in which the work partakes of all the
feeding movement of the work-mover.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, 52 for pin
feeders, per se.
Subclass:
424
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
provided with at least two means to move the work, said means
being separate in the direction of movement of the work, and
in which the cutter is located interjacent said means.
(1) Note. If the means located beyond the cutter
facilitates pulling the work through the cutting zone, it is
considered to be a work-moving means for this subclass. For
patents in which the means located beyond the cutter
facilitates movement of the product away from the cutting
zone, see subclasses 102+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 and see (1) Note above.
110 and 112+, for product-handling conveyor beyond the
cutter.
155 for endless conveyor handling product.
Subclass:
425
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which a cutter is located at a cutting zone in the path of
moving work and whose cutting plane (as disclosed) is
substantially parallel to said path and to the direction of
movement of the work for constant cutting contact with said
work, and including claimed means for moving the work to and
through said cutting zone for constant cutting of said work.
(1) Note. This subclass includes tools known generally in
the art as "slitters" as well as saws.
(2) Note. The word "constant" as used above does not
preclude the operation of means to reposition the cutter out
of (and thus, also, back into) the cutting zone in the
absence of work thereat. The cutting is constant so long as
(a) the cutter remains in its cutting position and (b) the
work is moved toward and past it. The following conclusions
flow from consideration of this qualification:
(i) The cutter does not have a cycle of operation known as
"tool feed"), in that it does not move to and through the
work during cutting. If the cutter has a movement, its
movement is limited to: (1) a bodily movement of the cutter
into a position wherein it will cut the work, or out of such
cutting position, but in either such case while the work is
absent from the cutting zone; or (2) an internal movement
such as will present a fresh cutting edge to the work; for
example, as by rotation of a rotatable circular blade or by
reciprocation of a blade, but in either case while the
cutting edge remains in contact with the work. If the cutter
is moved into the work while the work is at the cutting zone,
such movement is part of a cutting cycle, and a patent
claiming such structure is not found herein. For such patent
see subclasses 202+, 284+, and 350+.
(ii) The work may be, for instance, a succession of
relatively closely-spaced articles, each of which articles is
to be cut or slit longitudinally of the direction of article
movement from the leading end to the trailing end of each
article regardless of the orientation of the article. It
also may be a web of indeterminate length, for instance,
which is to be slit longitudinally of its length.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 284+, and 350+, see (2) Note above.
469 for a feature relating to a rotatable disc-blade cutter,
alone or cooperating with a mating cutter.
651 for a feature relating to fixed blade type of cutter,
per se.
788 for an endless band-knife cutter positioned for
continuous engagement with moving work.
Subclass:
425.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device
including an additional cutter which cuts through the work
before or after (in time or space) the cutter having constant
contact with the work.
Subclass:
425.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device
provided with at least two distinct tools separated one from
the other laterally across the path of moving work.
(1) Note. The tools of this particular subclass are
distinguished from tools of subclasses indented hereunder by
the fact that each tool is separately mounted on its own
independent shaft or carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356.3 for a cutting device having a single tool support for
plural tools, wherein the support moves with uniformly timed
strokes relative to the moving work.
Subclass:
425.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 425.2. Device
wherein the tools are laterally spaced on a carrier or shaft
which is common to all the tools.
Subclass:
425.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 425.3. Device
wherein at least one of the tools is movable or adjustable
along the axes of the shaft or the length of the carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 for a rotatable disc tool pair wherein one of the discs
of the tool pair is axially adjustable.
Subclass:
426
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device
including means to move the edged cutter, and common
mechanism to drive both the cutter-moving means and the
work-moving means.
(1) Note. The cutter movement referred to above is limited
to a movement as restricted in paragraph A of (2) Note to
subclass 425. Exemplary forms of such cutter movement are a
reciprocation of the cutter (such as is produced in a
"jigsaw" type of cutter) and a rotation of a disc blade type
of cutter.
Subclass:
427
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Device in
which the movement of the cutter is to-and-fro (either
rectilinear or oscillating) in the direction of
work-thickness.
Subclass:
428
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Device in
which the cutter movement is in a direction which is
simultaneously transverse to the path of the work, and
substantially perpendicular to the cutting plane of said
cutter, (i.e., parallel to a surface of the work), and occurs
while the work is moving through the cutting zone.
(1) Note. Patents placed herein produce an undulant or
zigzag line of separation of cutting. For other patents
producing a zigzag line, but without lateral movement of the
tool, see subclass 333.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 and see (1) Note above.
353 for cutter traveling (e.g., laterally) with respect to
moving work.
356 for cutter having periodic lateral feed with respect to
moving work.
498 and 504, for other means to move a tool pair or tool
laterally of the direction of movement of the work.
Subclass:
429
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Device in
which the cutter-moving means imparts to the cutter a
component of velocity in the direction of movement of the
work, and including means to cause the velocity of the cutter
to be different in magnitude than the velocity of the work.
(1) Note. Since a reciprocating cutter whose cutting edge
is at an oblique angle to the direction of work movement
inherently has a varying component of velocity in the
direction of work movement as it accelerates and decelerates
in its to-and-fro movement, this of itself is not considered
a means to bring about a difference between the speed of the
tool and the speed of the work. However, if a means is
provided to vary the speed of the motion converting mechanism
(which effects the reciprocation of such a cutter) with
relation to the speed of the work, such patents have been
placed in this subclass (429).
(2) Note. A patent claiming means to rotate the cutter in a
negative direction; e.g., a direction opposed to the movement
of the work, will be found herein.
Subclass:
430
This subclass is indented under subclass 426. Device in
which the means to move work turns about an axis of rotation
and engages work to move the work tangentially of said means,
and in which the cutter is a circular disc-blade turning
about the same axis of rotation.
(1) Note. To be placed herein, a patent must include an
edged cutter and a work-moving roller or disc coaxial with
each other. A tool which is recited in the claim as both a
cutting means and a work-moving means is considered to be a
coaxial cutter and work-mover if it otherwise fits the
limitations of the definition.
(2) Note. A roller serving both as work-moving means and as
the backup anvil for an edged cutter not revolving about such
axis is not itself considered to be an edged cutter. For
such structure, see subclass 434. For similar structure
wherein the roller does not function as a work-moving means,
see subclasses 505+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
434 and 505+, and see (1) Note above.
500 for a roller having a cutting edge at the end thereof,
the periphery of which roller could function as a work-moving
means.
Subclass:
431
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device
including means additional to the work-mover or a cutter
located adjacent the edged cutter and acting in a direction
which is simultaneously parallel to the plane of said edged
cutter and perpendicular to the direction of work movement to
urge the work upon the edged cutter.
Subclass:
432
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device in
which, as disclosed, the work mover acts to move planar work
in a path parallel to the work-plane, and the cutting plane
of the cutter is simultaneously parallel to the direction of
said path and inclined to said work-plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 and 4, for edge-trimming and skiving cutters.
Subclass:
433
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device in
which the cutter is mounted for movement with relation to the
means for moving the work.
(1) Note. Included herein are cutter mountings providing
for adjustment of the cutter in cutting position as well as
mountings providing for movement of the cutters into and out
of a position wherein it will cut work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for means to adjust a tool in a subclass 202 type of
device.
482 for rotatable disc-blades movable into or out of cutting
position.
498 and 504, for rotatable disc-blade cutters adjustable
axially.
699.51 for adjustable mounting for fixed-type cutters.
Subclass:
434
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device in
which the means for moving work includes a work-contacting
face area, and in which the cutting edge of the cutter
engages said face area during cutting.
(1) Note. The structure of patents placed in this subclass
is similar to that of subclasses 505+ and 509+ in that
patents in this subclass may include a rotatable disc-blade
(in subclasses 505+) or a fixed cutter (in subclasses 509+)
engaging the periphery of a cylindrical anvil. The
difference is that in this subclass the cylindrical anvil is
rotated by drive means and is claimed as a work-feed (or
equivalent term) means, whereas the anvil of subclasses 505+
and 509+ is not claimed as moving the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
176 for devices wherein the work is claimed as deformed
around an anvil for cutting the work.
505 and 509+, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
435
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device in
which the means for moving work includes at least two such
means cooperating to move the same work, but separated one
from the other in a direction transverse to the direction of
work movement, and the cutter is located interjacent said two
means.
(1) Note. Included herein are grooved feed rolls and
cutters located at the grooves.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
430 for similar structure wherein the cutter is coaxial with
and moved by means common to the work-moving drive means.
Subclass:
435.11
By rectilinearly moving work carriage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device wherein
the work moving means is of rigid construction and is adapted
to support the work against gravity and which support moves
relative to the tool station along a fixed straight path.
(1) Note. A miter gage having a portion that rides in a
slot in a cutter table is considered to be a work carriage,
under the definition of this and the indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for reciprocating work-mover, wherein the tool engages
the work during dwell of intermittent workfeed.
409 for other rectilinear work-mover means including a
work-constrainer.
437.1 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and a tool, generally.
730 for a cutting device including a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and including means to cause the cutting device
to make plural passes through a diminishing workpiece,
including means to effect incremental movement toward the
plane of cut.
Subclass:
435.12
Angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.11. Device
including provision to allow the device to be repositioned
about an axis.
Subclass:
435.13
Having positive adjustment stop; e.g., link:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.12. Device
including a preset adjustment limiting abutment.
Subclass:
435.14
Having position indicating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.12. Device
including digital provision to designate the location of the
work.
(1) Note. An indicator showing the position of a work
support also shows the position of the work thereon, and is
included herein.
Subclass:
435.15
Pusher engaging rear surface of work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.11. Device
comprising a member acting to engage a backward facing
surface of the workpiece and shove it toward the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431 for similar structure including means additional to the
work-mover or a cutter located adjacent the edged cutter and
acting in a direction which is simultaneously parallel to the
plane of said edged cutter and perpendicular to the direction
of work movement to urge the work upon the edged cutter.
437.2 for a tool opposing pusher that forces the work toward
a cutter; wherein the cut is other than parallel to the
direction of movement of the work.
Subclass:
435.16
Having means to actuate pusher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.15. Device
including a component intended to engage the shoving member
to effect movement thereof.
Subclass:
435.17
Hydraulically or pneumatically means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.16. Device
wherein the component is adapted to utilize gas or liquid
under pressure to effect movement.
Subclass:
435.18
Gear or pulley actuated pusher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.16. Device
wherein the movement is effected by the action the peripheral
surface of a rotary, cylindrical member which may include
teeth that interfit with cooperating teeth on the pusher or
may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages the
pusher.
(1) Note. A gear that drives chain, or a pulley that drives
a belt, which in turn, drives a pusher is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435.16 for similar structure including a worm or screw
actuated pusher.
Subclass:
435.19
Lever, cam, or link actuated pusher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.16. Device
wherein the movement is effected by the action of a swinging
arm, a sliding wedge-like member which may be rotary, or by a
pivotal member attached at its end to the pusher.
Subclass:
435.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device which
comprises a continuous web, strand, or series of articulated
links which move the work while the work is supported
thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435 for a work moving means comprising two endless
conveyors, laterally spaced, and wherein the cutting tool is
disposed therebetween.
Subclass:
435.21
Having means to actuate carriage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.11. Device
including a component intended to engage the work moving
means to effect movement thereof.
Subclass:
435.22
Hydraulic or pneumatic means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.21. Device
wherein the component is adapted to utilize gas or liquid
under pressure to effect movement.
Subclass:
435.23
Gear or pulley:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.21. Device
wherein the movement is effected by action of the peripheral
surface of a rotary, cylindrical member which may include
teeth that interfit with cooperating teeth on the work
carriage or may include a smooth surface that frictionally
engages the work carriage.
(1) Note. a gear that drives chain, or a pulley that drives
a belt, which in turn, drives a pusher is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
435.21 for similar structure including a worm or screw
actuated pusher.
Subclass:
435.24
Adapted to place tension on flaccid member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.23. Device
wherein the cylindrical member effects tensile force on a
flexible strand capable of transmitting only tensile force
along its axis, to effect movement of the work carriage to
which the strand is connected.
Subclass:
435.25
Lever, cam, or link means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.21. Device
wherein the movement of the work carriage is effected by the
action of a swinging arm, a sliding wedge-like member which
may be rotary, or by a pivotal member attached at its end to
the carriage.
Subclass:
435.26
On or attached to vehicle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.11. Device
supported for movement over substantial distances, or adapted
to be secured to a carriage which, in turn is movable over
substantial distances.
(1) Note. Casters under the frame of a cutting machine is
not deemed to support the machine for movement over a
substantial distance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
928 a cross-reference art collection, for a vehicle mounted
cutting tool, generally.
Subclass:
435.27
Supported for movement at one side of tool only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 435.11. Device
wherein the movable carriage is sustained against gravity
entirely on one side of a line extending through the path of
the cutter.
(1) Note. A "Shingle cutter" including a horizontally
cutting blade and a work carriage there-above wherein all
guide structure for the work carriage is above the blade is
included herein.
Subclass:
436.1
By feed roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device in
which the work-moving means itself moves in the arc of a
circle in peripheral engagement with the work, thereby moving
the work in a straight path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261 for a cutting device that engages a workpiece during
dwell of intermittent workfeed with a rotary feed means.
436.3 for a cutting device with a roller to convey work,
generally.
Subclass:
436.15
Pinch rollers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.1. Device
including another work engaging means of similar
configuration to the work-moving means adapted to engage a
diametrically opposite surface of the work from the
work-moving means to grip the work and enhance the frictional
contact of the work-moving means with the work.
Subclass:
436.2
Unattached manual work pusher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 425. Device
comprising an implement intended to be grasped directly by
and randomly manipulated by an operative and used to shove
work toward a cutter.
Subclass:
436.3
Roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the work-moving means itself moves in the arc of a
circle in peripheral engagement with the work, thereby moving
the work in a straight path.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261 for a cutting device that engages a workpiece during
dwell of intermittent workfeed with a rotary feed means.
436.1 for a cutting device with a roller to convey work
wherein the cut is parallel to and during work movement.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power Driven, 780 for a live roll used in a
conveyor, generally.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se.
Subclass:
436.4
Plural independent rollers for feed of plural distinct work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
including of a first roller for advancing a first workpiece
and a second roller for advancing a second workpiece.
Subclass:
436.45
Shaped to conform to work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
comprising a roller having a shape other than smooth such
that it interfits with the intended material intended to be
conveyed thereby.
Subclass:
436.5
With work-supplying reel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
combined with a work supply including a storage spool.
Subclass:
436.55
And provision for selecting feed length:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.5. Device
including provision to predetermine the extent of material to
be advanced.
Subclass:
436.6
Continuous conveying during cutting; e.g., straw cutting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
intended to continue conveying the work into the tool station
as the cutter functions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
262 for a cutter and feeder wherein the feeder continues
during cutting, but the work is clamped or blocked during
cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, for a
process or apparatus directed to the cutting or severing of
solid material into a number of smaller solid masses, which
smaller masses do not have imparted to them any desired or
significant shape. As between Classes 83 and 241, the
provision of means for (or steps of) retaining an original
dimension of the work in the cut up product will exclude a
patent for the apparatus (or process) from Class 241.
Subclass:
436.7
Supporting work at cutting station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
wherein the roller sustains the work during cutting.
(1) Note. Since the roller of this subclass supports the
work during cutting, the work must be sufficiently rigid to
span the distance from the roller to the tool station.
Subclass:
436.75
Comprising part of cutting station:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.7. Device
wherein the roller is so close to the tool that it sustains
the work against the action of the tool.
Subclass:
436.8
Tool and feed roller actuated by common handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
including a manually grasped portion intended to reposition
the cutter and also intended to reposition the feed roller.
Subclass:
436.9
Tool and roller on common movable support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 436.3. Device
including a repositionable member for support of the cutter
during its operation and including a feed roller also on that
same repositionable member.
Subclass:
437.1
Rectilinear movement only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the work-moving means itself moves in a straight line
while engaged with the work.
(1) Note. Included herein is a feeder that moves in an
orbital path, a part of such path being rectilinear and lying
in the plane of the work whereby the feeder engages and moves
with the work in such rectilinear path, and a part of the
feeder path being out of the work plane whereby the feeder
retracts for a re-engagement with a different part of the
same work. Also included herein is a pusher member maintained
in continuous engagement with the work throughout the feed
stroke, and the pusher retracts to engage another workpiece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for a cutting device including a reciprocating
work-mover, wherein the tool engages the work during dwell of
intermittent workfeed.
409 for other rectilinear work-mover means including a
work-constrainer.
435.11 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and tool adapted to cut parallel to the
direction of and during work movement.
Subclass:
437.2
Tool opposing pusher:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.1. Device
comprising a member acting to engage a workpiece and shove it
toward the cutter.
(1) Note. A "back gage" which pushes a stack of sheets of
paper into final position for cutting is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431 for similar structure including means additional to the
work-mover or a cutter located adjacent the edged cutter and
acting in a direction which is simultaneously parallel to the
plane of said edged cutter and perpendicular to the direction
of work movement to urge the work upon the edged cutter.
435.15 for a tool opposing pusher that forces the work
toward a cutter; wherein the cut is parallel to the direction
of movement of the work.
Subclass:
437.3
Hydraulically or pneumatically actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.2. Device
including a motor powered by gas or liquid under pressure to
effect movement of the conveyor.
Subclass:
437.4
Screw actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.2. Device
wherein the movement is effected by action of the peripheral
surface of a rotary, cylindrical member which includes a
helical ridge or groove that interfits with a mating portion
of the conveyor to effect movement thereof.
Subclass:
437.5
Gear or pulley actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.2. Device
wherein the movement is effected by action of the peripheral
surface of a rotary, cylindrical member which may include
teeth that interfit with cooperating teeth on the conveyor or
may include a smooth surface that frictionally engages the
conveyor to effect movement thereof.
(1) Note. a gear that drives chain, or a pulley that drives
a belt, which in turn, drives a pusher is included herein.
Subclass:
437.6
Lever, cam or link actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.2. Device
wherein the movement is effected by the action of a swinging
arm, a sliding wedge-like member which may be rotary, or by a
pivotal member attached at its end to the conveyor.
Subclass:
437.7
Spring or gravity urged:
This subclass is indented under subclass 437.2. Device
wherein pressure is applied to the conveyor by a resilient
member or by the action of gravity.
(1) Note. Included here is a tool opposing pusher
positioned vertically above the work so that gravity would
advance the pusher, even though there is no specific
disclosure of such.
Subclass:
438
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus provided with passive means which is operative to
define or limit the path of movement (i.e., to direct, wholly
or partially, the course) or moving work, or to orient such
work.
(1) Note. The mere support or prevention of downward
movement of work under the influence of gravity is not
significant as a guiding function. An inclined plane or the
like, (which is utilized not for mere support of the work,
but to conduct it or facilitate its deflection to a different
level) has guiding function.
(2) Note. The "passive means", in this and indented
subclasses, performs its function without the application of
power thereto; it directs, deflects, orients, etc., the
moving work without furnishing any propelling force in the
general direction of work movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for passive means to guide the product of a cutting
operation.
270 for a machine of subclass 202 type with work guideway
unobstructed on one side to admit large workpieces.
279 for machine of subclass 202 type with means to guide,
position, or present work-to-work-feed means.
310 for flying support or guide for work in a cutter of the
flying type.
373 for work guide moving means synchronized with tool
stroke.
418 for a work guide associated with a work-mover.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
193, Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, appropriate
subclasses, for a material guide of general utility.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, may include
a nominal recitation of a supply or take-up coil (e.g., less
than a support for such a coil or a cooperative relationship
between a tension or exhaust detector* and reel driving or
reel stopping means, etc.), subclass 196.1 for a passive
guide* combined with a material feeder.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 157 for a residual
guide that directs a strand, subclasses 346+ for a particular
guide or guard for an unwinding and rewinding coil to coil
machine convertible information carrier (e.g., magnetic tape
or photos:graphic film, etc.) cartridge system, subclass 377
for a reeling device with a spring motor having a particular
guide structure, subclass 548 for particular guide or guard
for convolute winding of material; subclass 566 for an
unwinding apparatus having a particular guide or guard, or
subclasses 615+ for a residual guide or guard that directs
elongated flexible material that may be combined with more
than nominal winding structure.
Subclass:
439
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
means is provided to constrain the work to movement about a
fixed axis.
(1) Note. For original placement in this subclass, a patent
must claim structure which limits motion of the work to a
pivotal or arcuate path by reaction directly on the work
itself instead of on a work carrier. The latter type of
device will be found in patents placed in subclass 411.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
267 for means to advance work step-by-step in an arcuate
path in a cutting machine.
351 for work constrained to swing about a progressively
cutting tool during tool stroke.
410 for means to guide a work carrier in a nonrectilinear
path.
411 and see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses, for a guide of the
type found in this subclass and claimed, per se (i.e., not in
combination with significant tool structure).
Subclass:
440
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device in
which the work guide is constructed as a portion of a tool
which does not move through a cutting stroke, or is rigidly
attached thereto.
(1) Note. Although the tool member referred to here does
not have a cutting stroke, it may be adjustable or
positionable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
373 for guide means movable in timed relation to a tool
stroke, as by being fixed to a moving tool.
Subclass:
440.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 440. Device wherein
the stationary tool element is a member of a tool pair*.
Subclass:
440.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Apparatus
wherein the passive means either (a) additionally serves, or
(b) has additional means associated therewith, to protect the
operator or the tool from harm.
(1) Note. Included herein is a guard which performs the
dual function of guiding and guarding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
860 for guard means attached to a machine frame, and see
search notes thereto for additional guard devices.
Subclass:
441
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
a work guide structure is fixed to, or connected so as to
move upon movement of, an element which supports a tool for
rotation or motion through a cutting stroke but which does
not itself undergo such rotation or cutting stroke motion.
(1) Note. The work guide is stationary throughout cutting
operations.
(2) Note. A common type of tool carrier is a support and
bearing structure for mounting a rotary-disc cutter
assembly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
373 for interrelated tool actuating and work guide moving
means.
Subclass:
441.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
a work guide structure is fixed or linked to a tool guiding
element, said element being operative, without application of
power thereto, to engage the tool or tool support so as to
define or limit the path of movement thereof.
Subclass:
442
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device which
is arranged to exert a guiding function upon one or more
faces or edges of a structure which is disclosed as being
temporarily attached to and supported by the work.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include a guided work
carrier or other work-holder, for which see subclasses 401+.
Here, the work holds the template or straightedge. That is
to say, the template is not a work holder or support; but is
merely attached to the work to provide one or more edges for
cooperation with guide means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
401 especially subclasses 410+ and 412+, for means to guide
or orient a work carrier relative to a tool station, and see
(1) Note above.
565 for a tool which follows the surface of a template.
Subclass:
443
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device which
facilitates or causes constraint of work movement to a curved
path, or which changes the direction of work movement from
one rectilinear direction to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
410 for means to guide a work carrier in a nonrectilinear
path.
439 for means to guide work in an arcuate path.
445 for a guide means which permits (but does not cause)
angling or reorientation of work adjacent a cutting zone.
Subclass:
444
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
sufficient guide structure is provided to prevent movement of
the work out of a definite path.
(1) Note. Three guide rails spaced apart may be sufficient
to confine a rigid workpiece such as a rod or bar, whereas a
soft material, such as cloth or fiber may require to be
entirely enclosed, to meet the definition.
Subclass:
445
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device so
constructed and arranged as to present a guiding element of
limited extent at or adjacent to a tool zone, and disclosed
as (a) enabling an operator to shift or rotate the work at
will about the guide element as a fulcrum or instantaneous
axis or (b) permitting a control mechanism to do so.
(1) Note. Examples are hand-fed machines for cutting along
curved or irregular contours, or for punching decorative
designs at a fixed distance from the edges of shoe uppers or
other irregular shapes.
Subclass:
446
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device which
incorporates either (a) an idler roller (or roller-carried
band) engageable with passing work, or (b) a guide element
which is biased toward a predetermined location by a
counterweight or springlike means (either solid or fluid), so
that the element may be pushed back by random lateral
displacements of passing work but tends to return toward its
initial position.
(1) Note. There is usually, but not necessarily, another
element, such as a guide or a work-supporting surface,
opposed to the movable or yieldable guide element. Such
other element may, but need not, be movable or yieldable.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
422 for yieldable means to press work to a work-mover.
Subclass:
447
This subclass is indented under subclass 446. Device in
which the movable or yieldable guide element tends to hold
moving work in contact with a work-table or other supporting
element or assemblage.
(1) Note. The devices found here and in subclass 450 are
frequently called "holddowns". They differ from clamps in
that they are not actuated manually or by power means, and in
that they do not immobilize the work.
(2) Note. A holddown which is claimed as of utility in
freeing a tool from work after a cutting operation (i.e.,
from product) will be found in subclass 145.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 for means to move product out of contact with a tool;
and see (2) Note, above.
450 for a nonyieldable holddown.
452 for work clamping means associated with a cutter.
Subclass:
448
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
the guide structure presents two or more elements which as
disclosed are effective to restrain movement of the work in
different directions.
(1) Note. Example: An angle-iron may be disclosed as
arranged to prevent deflection of the work in two directions;
e.g., upward and to the right (or left).
(2) Note. A U-shaped trough may be used to confine the work
in all directions except one.
(3) Note. The original copy of a patent directed to a
cutter and a plurality of guide elements which are effective
to restrain movement in the same direction will be placed in
subclass 438.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
438 and see (3) Note above.
Subclass:
449
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Device wherein
at least two of the guide elements are effective in contrary
directions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
420 for opposed guide means additional to work-moving
means.
Subclass:
450
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Device wherein
a guide element is upwardly spaced from and cooperates with a
work table or equivalent work support to prevent movement of
the work upwardly off the support.
(1) Note. Such devices are commonly called holddowns. They
may be adjusted to accommodate different thicknesses of work,
but are not actuated so as to clamp the work and prevent its
movement along the work support. See (1) Note under subclass
447, above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 and particularly 145, for means to move product of
contact with a tool.
447 for yieldable or movable holddown.
452 for a work clamp associated with a tool station.
Subclass:
451
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus provided with a device to maintain or retain the
work in fixed position relative to immovable parts of the
apparatus.
(1) Note. This subclass (451) includes original patents for
cutting devices characterized by such immobilizers as holding
pins, magnets, suction means, and similar devices which do
not hold work by frictional force developed between opposed
movable jaws.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
374 for a work immobilizer which is interrelated with tool
actuating means.
409 for a work carrier, which may be provided with a gripper
or other work-immobilizing means.
446 and 447, for guide comprising jaws with work-engaging
rollers which permit movement of the work.
Subclass:
452
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Device which
comprises a plurality of opposed solid jaws or surface
elements which are made effective, by movement of one or more
of said jaws or surface elements, to grip the work
frictionally and hold it in a desired position fixedly with
respect to a tool station.
(1) Note. To be classified in this subclass, a moving
cutting tool must be claimed. If only a work holder is
claimed, or a work holder and stationary cutter in
combination, the patent will be classified in Class 269, Work
Holders.
(2) Note. A clamp must be actuatable by the application of
energy either to open it or to close it. (It is not a
passive yielding guide or snubbing device).
(3) Note. A device which is described as serving as a
"stripper" as well as a clamp or hold down, will be found in
subclasses 111+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 and see (3) Note above.
277 for a feed gripper associated with a machine which cuts
work during dwell of work-feed.
375 for a work clamp which is interrelated with tool
actuating means.
435.11 for a cutting device with means to convey work and
with a work gripper, wherein the cut is made parallel to and
during work movement.
437.1 for a cutting device with means to convey work and
with a work gripper, generally.
447 and 450, for a "holddown" opposed to a work-supporting
table but not actuated positively to clamp the work.
567 for means to bind work against a work-moving tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses particularly 86
for a work holder provided with a clamp or clamps; and see
(1) Note, above.
Subclass:
453
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device which
(a) is actuated in timed relationship with another portion of
the machine which has other than cutting or work-clamping
function, or (b) affords to or receives from such other
portion direct support (either vertical or lateral,
continuous or transitory), or (c) is structurally related to
such other portion, as by having parts in common therewith.
(1) Note. A clamp combined with (i.e., synchronized with)
an actuated tool would be found in subclasses 375+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
264 for means to bind work against a moving tool while the
latter moves the work against a cooperating tool.
375 for interrelationship between clamp and a tool during
its cutting stroke, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
454
This subclass is indented under subclass 453. Device wherein
the other element constitutes passive means which engages a
movable tool or tool support or bearing means mounted on
either the tool or tool support, to direct, wholly or
partially, the course of movement of such tool or tool
support in its cutting stroke.
Subclass:
455
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Device wherein
the other element functions as a guide for a tool which moves
substantially parallel to the length or width of the work and
engages the entire thickness thereof simultaneously during at
least the major portion of its cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
353 and 614, for a traveling cutter, generally.
483 for traveling cutter of the rotary-disc type.
Subclass:
456
This subclass is indented under subclass 453. Device in
which a movable clamp jaw, while in actuated or work-clamping
position, serves also as a fixed tool* or tool support*.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
383 for a clamp jaw of the type of this subclass but claimed
as timed with the movement of a tool in its cutting stroke.
Subclass:
457
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device
including means which necessarily results in, or whose
disclosed purpose is to permit, successive applications of
force, including gravitational, to the clamp in its clamping
stroke.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are disclosures of
clamps which are provided with separate actuating linkages or
power trains, one of which is intended to be utilized
initially for rapidly moving a clamp jaw to approximate
position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379 for interrelated tool actuating means and means to
provide plural steps in clamping stroke.
Subclass:
458
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device
comprising, in addition to the actuating means, structure
which either tends to promote and maintain parallelism or
other definite angular relationship of the jaws, or which
permits at least one jaw to adjust itself in position as it
engages the work.
(1) Note. The equalizer means must be distinct from the
actuating means. Example: A torsion rod with rack-and-pinion
connections to both ends of the clamp bar.
(2) Note. A mere pivotal mounting of a clamp jaw, if it is
intended to permit self-alignment, is included.
Subclass:
459
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device wherein
means is provided which tends to (a) maintain the jaws in, or
to return them to, a definite position; or (b) enable the
jaws to remain in their last position if not subjected to
operating force or resistance of work.
(1) Note. Includes a clamp with cantilever spring jaws or
jaw-carrying arm.
(2) Note. A biased or counterbalanced clamp, if actuated
manually by direct hand pressure or through linkage, or by
conventional power means, will be classified here rather than
in "manual" or "power" actuation subclasses.
Subclass:
460
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Devices
including clamp-actuating means which comprises a
force-responsive (i.e., resilient or slipping) portion
forming part of the force-transmitting train which moves the
clamp toward its applied condition, such portion serving to
limit the force which can be exerted on and by the movable
clamp jaw.
(1) Note. This subclass includes disclosures of fluid
actuated clamps which have yieldable drives. Example:
compressed air drive, or hydraulic with relief valve). There
must be force-limiting structure present.
Subclass:
461
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device wherein
the clamp is driven by fluid pressure means, without specific
provision for yieldability or force-limiting in the drive
train, the fluid not being resilient or yieldable, per se.
(1) Note. A plain hydraulic drive is included here. A
compressed air drive is inherently yieldable and so comprises
subject matter of subclass 460.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
460 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
462
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device
provided with structure (additional to that of the clamp's
driving train) for the purpose of holding the clamp in a
given location (usually, that in which it is closed on the
work) when the actuating force is not present.
(1) Note. A device of the type found in this subclass may
comprise (for instance) pawl-and-ratchet means, a friction
brake, or a chock, effective to retain the clamp jaw in an
actuated position but not to move it there.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
459 for clamp with biasing or counterbalancing means.
463 for clamp with self-binding drive (worm or wedge).
Subclass:
463
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device wherein
the actuating transmission becomes frictionally held in
position upon cessation of the actuating power, by the
characteristics of the transmission proper.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents to clamps
with worm gearing or screw-and-nut drives (sometimes called
"irreversible" drives), and drives comprising an actuating
cam or wedge if of comparably high mechanical advantage.
(2) Note. A manually-operated wedge drive for a clamp would
be classified here rather than in "manual actuation" if it is
evident from the disclosure that it is intended to be
self-binding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
462 for a brake, latch or lock provided to hold a clamp in
position.
Subclass:
464
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device whose
clamp is actuated by human power, applied to a
force-transmitting linkage from a handle, crank, or pedal.
(1) Note. This subclass includes manually actuated
eccentric cams, toggles, wedges, etc., in clamp drives,
wherein it is not taught to be a self-binding drive.
Manually actuated clamps also appear in most of the
subclasses (of this group) collateral with and superior to
this one.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
452 for a clamp actuated by direct hand pressure.
459 for some conventional manually-actuated clamps which are
characterized by being biased or counterbalanced.
Subclass:
465
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device
including claimed particular conformation of work-engaging
portion.
(1) Note. A clamp comprising a jaw with spaced segments,
removable or adjustable segments, curved, inclined or
cushioned face, etc., and with no specific actuating means is
classified here.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 418 for particular conformation of plier-jaw
faces.
269, Work Holders, 257, for patents to a jaw feature and/or a
jaw attachment for a work holder.
Subclass:
466
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Device which
is associated with structure, or which comprises structure,
enabling change or variation of the jaw motion or of the
location of the clamp as a whole.
Subclass:
466.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Device which
comprises means to restrain the work against movement in at
least two directions, one of which is vertical, and wherein
said means has at least one elongated opening in the surface
thereof disclosed as being for the reception of a cutting
instrumentality.
(1) Note. The opening may merely serve as a guide for the
cutter or it may cooperate with the cutter to produce a
shearing* cut.
Subclass:
467.1
Work-stop abutment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 451. Device
comprising a firm obstacle to block work movement and thereby
position the work for cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
163 for a cutting machine with a product handling means
comprising an abutment in the path of the product being moved
by a work-feeding means.
166 for a cutting machine with a product handling means
comprising an abutment interposed in the path of free fall or
flight of the product.
212 for a cutting machine wherein the tool engages the work
during dwell of intermittent work-feed, having a work sensing
means to initiate tool feed including a work-stop abutment.
253 for a cutting machine wherein the tool engages the work
during dwell of intermittent work-feed including means to
produce a plurality of work-feed increments per tool cycle
and including supplemental work-feed means comprising an
abutment adapted to be engaged by a surface on the work.
268 for a cutting machine wherein the tool engages the work
during dwell of intermittent work-feed including an abutment
used to position the work being fed with respect to the
cutter.
391 for a cutting machine including a work-stop abutment
actuated in timed relation to the tool stroke.
419 for a cutting machine including means to convey work
relative to the tool station with a work-stop abutment to
engage and orient the work relative to the tool station.
Subclass:
468
This subclass is indented under subclass 467. Device wherein
means are included to determine accurately the work
positioning by means of indentations, numerals, rule
markings, etc.
(1) Note. Normally said means are on or near the work
support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
522 for cutting device with signal, scale or indicator, in
general.
Subclass:
468.1
Normal to plane of cut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467.1. Device
wherein the cutting instrumentality cuts the workpiece to
form a prescribed flat surface and the firm obstacle
functions by engagement with a workpiece on a surface at a
right angle to the flat surface, wherein the formed flat
surface extends normally to the surface at right angles
thereto.
(1) Note. The "obstacle" of this subclass may extend along
a line normal to the flat surface, or it may be of limited
extent but engage a portion of the workpiece that extends
along a line normal to the flat surface.
(2) Note. Neither a hole punch nor a button hole cutter
(that cuts a short slit) is included herein because the line
of cut does not extend to the edge of the work being engaged
by the work-stop abutment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468.8 and 468.93+, for a cutting device having a work-stop
abutment extending normally (a) to a tangent of a curved
cutting edge, or (b) to one of the edges of a punch having a
plurality of cutting edges.
Subclass:
468.2
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.1. Device
including provision to change the position of the plane of
cut with respect to the normal work-stop abutment, or with
respect to another work-stop abutment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468.8 for a work-stop abutment that is adjustable with
respect to a cutting tool, wherein the tool cuts an arcuate
path through the work such that a tangent of that path is
normal to the work-stop abutment.
468.93 for a work-stop abutment combined with a cutting
tool, wherein the tool cuts an arcuate path through the work,
such that a tangent of that path is normal to the work-stop
abutment.
Subclass:
468.3
Angularly relative to plane of cut; e.g., miter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.2. Device
including provision to change the angle of intersection of
the plane of cut with respect to a work-stop abutment to
something other than normal.
(1) Note. In the device of this subclass, at least one
work-stop abutment is normal to the plane of cut in at least
one angular adjustment.
Subclass:
468.4
With traversing cutter guide; e.g., cut-off saw:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.1. Device
provided with means to provide for transport of a cutting
instrumentality and its driving means across the workpiece to
effect the cutting action.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468.3 for a traversing rotary cutter that is adjustable
relative to the plane of cut.
Subclass:
468.5
Collapsible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467.1. Device
wherein the work-stop abutment is constructed to disable
under certain conditions of the device.
(1) Note. The work-stop abutment may be disabled when a
press descends to allow movement of the press against the
workpiece, or it may be disabled by excessive force on the
abutment, in order to prevent damage to the abutment or to
the workpiece.
Subclass:
468.6
Retractable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467.1. Device
wherein the work-stop abutment is constructed to be
temporarily moved out of operative position at the will of
the operative.
(1) Note. The abutment of this subclass may comprise
retractable indexing device.
Subclass:
468.7
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467.1. Device
wherein the work-stop abutment is constructed to be
repositioned with respect to the plane of cut.
Subclass:
468.8
Having curved cutting edge to make arcuate cut, plural
nonaligned intersecting cutting edges, or spaced punches:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.7. Device
including on a single tool holder (a) a cutting edge that
extends along an arcuate cutting plane when viewed normally
to the work surface, (b) a first and a second cutting edge
positioned on the same tool holder such that they cut the
work along a continuous, but not straight path, or (c)
spaced, generally aligned cutting edges that do not extend to
the edge of the work.
(1) Note. A device having a curved cutting edge extending
in part normal to the work-stop abutment is included in this
and the indented subclass, as is a device having a first and
a second cutting edge that serve together to cut a notch in
the workpiece, wherein one of the edges extends normal to the
work-stop abutment.
Subclass:
468.9
Spaced edges:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.8. Device
including a first cutting edge that engages the workpiece to
effect a first cut and including a second cutting edge that
engages the workpiece to effect a second cut, wherein the
first cut and the second cut are not connected.
Subclass:
468.93
Having curved cutting edge to make arcuate cut, plural
nonaligned intersecting cutting edges, or spaced punches:
This subclass is indented under subclass 467.1. Device
including on a single tool holder, (a) a cutting edge that
extends along an arcuate cutting plane when viewed normally
to the work surface, (b) a first and a second cutting edge
positioned on the same tool holder such that they cut the
work along a continuous, but not straight path, or (c)
spaced, generally aligned cutting edges that do not extend to
the edge of the work.
(1) Note. A device having a curved cutting edge extending
in part normal to the work-stop abutment is included in this
and the indented subclass, as is a device having a first and
a second cutting edge that serve together to cut a notch in
the workpiece, wherein one of the edges extends normal to the
work-stop abutment.
Subclass:
468.94
Spaced edges:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468.93. Device
including a first cutting edge that engages the workpiece to
effect a first cut and including a second cutting edge that
engages the workpiece to effect a second cut, wherein the
first cut and the second cut are not connected.
Subclass:
469
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with a cutter comprising a circular member mounted
for rotation (unidirectional or oscillatory) about its
central axis of rotation, having a work-cutting edge on or
adjacent the periphery of said member, which edge cuts in a
plane which is both substantially co-extensive with a radial
face (or a radial plane) of said member and perpendicular to
the axis of rotation of said member, and, as disclosed, cuts
in a continuous line during the cutting operation of the
cutter, and including (a) a holder for mounting or supporting
said cutter for rotation, which holder does not partake of
said rotation, or (b) a second cutter in close proximity to
and in cooperative cutting relation with said circular cutter
whereby work passed between the cutters in contact with the
edge of the circular cutter and a mating edge or surface of
the second cutter will be cut through thicknesswise in the
plane of cutting.
(1) Note. The individual patents directed to devices of the
type described in part (A) of the above definition are
collected or filed in this generic subclass (469).
(2) Note. With respect to part (a) of the above definition,
patents placed herein differ from the patents in Tools,
subclasses 651+, especially disc type, subclass 676, in that
the claims of the patents herein placed include the means
about which the tool rotates, whereas tools in subclass 676
include only the tool and parts partaking of all the tool
movements. For example, if the claimed disclosure includes a
shaft fixed against rotation, about which shaft a disc cutter
rotates, the patent would be placed herein; but if the
claimed disclosure includes a shaft, to which shaft a disc
cutter is secured, whereby both elements may rotate, but no
fixed or bearing support for the shaft is claimed, the
patents would be placed in subclasses 651+, especially
subclass 676.
(3) Note. With respect to part (a) of the above definition,
a holder for so mounting or supporting a rotatable circular
member as defined in the main definition will, in the further
description of this and indented subclasses, henceforth be
termed a "Tool carrier".
(4) Note. With respect to part (b) of the above definition
two cooperating cutters forming one line of cutting, at least
one of which cutters is a rotatable circular member as
defined will, in the further description of this and indented
subclasses, henceforth be termed a "Tool pair".
(5) Note. With respect to part (b) of the above definition,
the second cutter may be a disc-blade similar to the circular
cutter defined, or may be a section of a circular cylinder
(the disc-blade cooperating with the peripheral surface of
the cylinder, see subclass 505 for example) or may be a flat
anvil surface or ledger blade edge across which the
disc-blade moves, (see subclasses 485+ for example), or may
partake of nonrotary movements or no movement (see subclass
508 for example), or may be any other part with which the
disc-blade as defined cooperates to cut work thicknesswise.
(6) Note. With respect to part (b) of the above definition,
(i.e., Tool pair), the definitions of the subclasses indented
hereunder are written in terms of one tool pair, that is, one
disc-blade cutter cooperating with one backup element (anvil,
cylinder, other-disc-blade, etc.) whereas as disclosed and
claimed there may be a plurality of disc blades on a common
axis (or, in the case of a cylindrical anvil of subclass 505,
a single anvil having a peripheral surface common to plural
discs against which surface all of the disc-blades are in
cooperative relationship).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 for a "flying" cutter and see (4) Note in subclass 284.
425 for a device having a disc-blade tool combined with
means to feed work to the tool.
523 for a cutter having axially extending edges.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
407, Cutters, for Shaping, for a milling cutter.
Subclass:
471
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
including means adjacent the defined cutter for sustaining
the work against the force of gravity in the vicinity of the
cutter or against a radial force exerted by the cutter action
on the work.
(1) Note. For a patent to be placed herein, the
work-supporting function of a table or other element must be
recited in the claim or be clearly inferred from the context
of the claim. For patents in which a table is claimed as
supporting a guide for a tool carrier, see subclasses 485+.
(2) Note. For other devices including a cutter and a
related work table or work-support, see the subclasses
indented under subclass 425.
(3) Note. Included in the indented subclasses are patents
in which the cutter comprises a radial face and a
frusto-conical or cylindrical surface, in which the surface
is claimed as a work-supporting surface. A disc-blade and
cylindrical backup anvil, combination, wherein the
cylindrical surface is, in effect, a cutting element as well
as a work-supporting surface, is not proper for this
subclass; see subclasses 505+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
425 for other work-supports and see (1) Note above.
484 and see (1) Note above.
505 for tools including a cylindrical work-supporting
surface; and see (2) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses, for work holders,
per se.
Subclass:
471.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device
provided with a plurality of cutters which are movably
mounted in such a manner that each cutter moves into a
cutting zone with respect to the work-support after another
cutter has moved away from the same cutting zone.
Subclass:
471.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device in
which the tool and tool carrier are movable relative to the
work-support means during the cutting.
Subclass:
471.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 471.2. Device
provided with means for adjusting the tool angularly relative
to the work-support means.
(1) Note. This subclass includes a device in which the tool
and/or work-support means are angularly adjusted. It is not
necessary for the adjustment to result in the tool axis
intersecting the work-support means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
473 for a device in which the tool may be angularly adjusted
relative to a previous position.
477 for a rotary disc tool which is adjustable relative to
the work support.
486.1 for a device in which the rotary tool carrier
reciprocates rectilinearly and which the path of
reciprocation can be adjusted angularly, relative to its
previous path.
Subclass:
472
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device in
which the relative positions of the cutter and the
work-support means are fixed in a position, or capable of
adjustment to a position, and that the axis of the cutter
intersects the work-support means.
Subclass:
473
This subclass is indented under subclass 472. Device
provided with means to change the angle between the
work-support means and the axis of the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.3 for a device in which a rotary disc tool may be
angularly adjusted relative to a previous position.
477 for a support otherwise adjustable with respect to its
cooperating tool.
486.1 for a device in which the rotary tool carrier
reciprocates rectilinearly and in which the path of
reciprocation can be adjusted angularly, relative to its
previous path.
Subclass:
474
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device in
which the means for sustaining the work is mounted for
movement in a single direction only.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
411 for rotatable work-holder associated with cutter.
434 for structure in which an anvil is driven to move work
in contact with the anvil, and having a disc-blade in contact
with the anvil to cut work.
Subclass:
475
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Device
provided with means other than the cutter to urge the work
toward the work-support means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
422 for means to press work to work-mover.
431 for means to press work to cutter.
Subclass:
476
This subclass is indented under subclass 475. Device in
which the means to urge the work toward the work-support
means is mounted on an axis coincident with the cutter axis.
Subclass:
477
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device
provided with means to change the positional relationship of
the work-support means and the cutter, for example, either by
varying the space between the work-sustaining means and the
cutter axis, or by oscillating the table about an axis
parallel to the cutter axis, or both.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.3 for a device wherein the tool moves relative to the
work-support during cutting and may be angularly adjusted
relative to the work-support.
473 for adjustable angularity of support and tool.
486.1 for a device in which the tool may be angularly
adjusted relative to a previous position.
Subclass:
477.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 477. Device
provided with means for adjusting the tool relative to the
work-support means.
Subclass:
477.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Device in
which the work-support means is provided with a slot or
groove for the tool.
Subclass:
478
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
provided with a hood or casing or other protective member in
close spaced association with a rotatable cutter to prevent
harm to the tool operator or to prevent damage to the
cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
398 and 544+, for other guards.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 609 for other
guards for rotatable members.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
144 for a guard or housing for a belt and pulley drive
system.
Subclass:
479
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
provided with a plurality of tool pairs, and including (a)
means to move one tool pair as a unit into cutting position
with respect to work and simultaneously remove one other tool
pair from cutting position; or (b) means to move at least one
of the cutters of a tool pair, along its individual path,
into cooperative cutting relation with respect to its
coacting cutter and into cutting position with respect to
work, and to remove simultaneously at least one cutter of
another tool pair from cooperative cutting relation and
cutting position.
(1) Note. See (4) Note of subclass 469 for definition of
"Tool pair".
Subclass:
480
This subclass is indented under subclass 479. Devices
(especially part (b) of the definition) in which the movable
cutter of each of plural tool pairs cooperates to cut with
the same coacting cutter (e.g., anvil).
Subclass:
481
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device in
which a carrier means, for mounting a cutter, is provided
with structure claimed as capable of disassembly or removal,
whereby the cutter may be inspected, removed, replaced or
substituted.
(1) Note. For a patent to be placed herein, the cutter
removal function of the carrier must be recited in the claim
or be clearly inferred from the content of the claim and
supported by the disclosure.
(2) Note. Since it is inherent in a device wherein the
cutters of a tool pair are separable, as exemplified by the
patents of subclass 482, that one cutter may be replaced
while separated from the other cutter, further search should
include subclass 482.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 and see (2) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
483, Tool Changing, 31 for a rotary spindle machine tool
combined with means to transfer a tool having specific
mounting features.
Subclass:
482
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
provided with means to move at least one of the cutters of a
tool pair into and out of cooperative cutting relation with
respect to the other cutter of said tool pair.
(1) Note. See (4) Note of subclass 469 for definition of
"Tool pair".
(2) Note. To be classified herein, a patent must include
disclosure of a movement of one cutter away from and out of
cutting relation with respect to the other cutter of the tool
pair (this movement usually being for the purpose of
permitting the work to be threaded through a cutting zone).
A mere adjustment of one cutter relative to another cutter
while they remain in contact with or in cooperative cutting
relationship with each other will not suffice for placement
in this subclass, but will be found in subclasses 503, 504
and 507 below.
(3) Note. The separation of the cutters one from the other
may also be for the purpose of inspecting, removing,
replacing or substituting one or both of the cutters. For
other such devices, see subclass 481.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
481 and see (2) Note above.
503 504 and 507, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
483
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
(especially part (a) of the definition) provided with means
to permit movement of the tool carrier and the cutter mounted
thereon while the cut is being made.
(1) Note. See (3) Note of subclass 469 for the definition
of "Tool carrier".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.2 for a device provided with means to support work and
means to permit movement of the tool carrier and cutter while
the cut is being made.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclass 525.1 and
525.2 for a material slitter positionally related to a
surface of a coil being wound and increasing in diameter as
material is collected.
Subclass:
484
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Device
provided with means to prevent more than one cutting stroke
of the cutter and requiring an external means to initiate
another cutting stroke.
(1) Note. Included within the meaning of the term "cutting
stroke" is the retraction of the tool carrier through its
noncutting movement to a position from which a subsequent
cutting stroke is to be initiated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for a cutting device of the subclass 202 type wherein
the drive is unicyclic.
524 for unicyclic tool moving means.
Subclass:
485
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Device in
which the tool carrier is movable in a straight-line
to-and-fro course of movement.
(1) Note. Included herein is a tool carrier which is moved
by being grasped by the tool operator directly.
(2) Note. To fall into this subclass, the carrier must have
a guide associated therewith for restricting its movement.
For tools of similar nature, but capable of random,
unrestricted movement over a work-table, see Class 30,
subclass 263.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 263 and see (2) Note above.
Subclass:
486
This subclass is indented under subclass 485. Device
provided with means to change the course of movement of the
tool carrier.
Subclass:
486.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Device in
which the course of movement can be changed to a position
angularly related to the previous course of movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.3 for a rotary-disc tool which may be angularly adjusted
relative to a previous position.
473 for a rotary-disc tool in which the tool axis and the
work supporting surface are angularly adjustable relative to
each other.
477 for a rotary-disc tool which is adjustable relative to
the work support.
Subclass:
487
This subclass is indented under subclass 485. Device
provided with means to cause the tool carrier to move
to-and-fro in a straight line.
(1) Note. A linkage for converting a motion of a limb of
the tool operator into a rectilinear movement of the carrier
would be classified here.
(2) Note. This subclass is inclusive of patents in which a
cutter (or a plurality of cutters) moves in the direction of
the thickness of the work, as well as patents in which a
cutter moves broadside of the work, parallel to the surface
of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
428 for means to move tool carrier during cutting.
523 for other means to move a tool carrier during or for
cutting.
Subclass:
488
This subclass is indented under subclass 487. Device also
including means to effect rotation of the cutter in its tool
carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
489 for tool rotating means in which the carrier is moved
manually, and see (2) Note under subclass 491.
Subclass:
489
This subclass is indented under subclass 485. Device
provided with means to effect rotation of the cutter in its
tool carrier.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents in which a limb of
the tool operator directly effects carrier reciprocation, and
that reciprocation effects cutter rotation through rack and
pinion or other equivalent linkage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
488 for tool rotating means where the carrier is
mechanically moved, and see (2) Note under subclass 491.
Subclass:
490
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Device in
which the cutter holder moves (or is moved) in a path of
movement which path is in the arc of a circle, either
to-and-fro, or in the same direction through 360 deg..
Subclass:
491
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
provided with means to effect rotational movement of the
cutter (either unidirectional or to-and-fro in the arc of a
circle).
(1) Note. This subclass excludes patents in which one
cutter is frictionally rotated by mere contact of the cutting
edge of the cutter with the cutting edge of another cutter.
For examples of this type of patent see subclasses 485+, 486+
and 487+.
(2) Note. Other patents which include means to rotate the
cutter are to be found in subclasses 426+ in which the cutter
is driven by or with the work moving means, and in subclasses
488 and 489 in which the cutter is rotated by or with the
carrier moving means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
426 488 and 489, and see (2) Note above.
485 486+ and 487+, and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
492
This subclass is indented under subclass 491. Device
provided with a tool pair, and including means to effect
rotation of both cutters of the tool pair.
(1) Note. See (4) Note of subclass 469 for the definition
of a "Tool pair".
Subclass:
493
This subclass is indented under subclass 492. Device
provided with means to effect a rate of rotation of one of
the cutters unequal to the rate of rotation of the other
cutter.
Subclass:
494
This subclass is indented under subclass 492. Device
provided with means to alter the rate of rotation of one or
both of the cutters.
Subclass:
495
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device
(especially part (b) of the definition) in which each cutter
of a tool pair is mounted for rotation about its axis.
(1) Note. See (4) Note of subclass 469 for the definition
of a "Tool pair".
(2) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are
patents reciting carrier means for holding or mounting the
cutters, for example, a separate carrier for each cutter or a
carrier common to both cutters.
Subclass:
496
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device in
which the axes of the cutters are not parallel.
(1) Note. In the patents placed herein the angular
relationship is rarely recited precisely as exemplified
below, but this relationship usually falls into one or more
of the following categories or types:
(a) the cutter axes lie in a common plane, but the axes are
not parallel to each other, hence the axes converge to a
common point;
(b) the cutter axes lie in planes which are separate, not in
a common plane, but are in planes which are parallel to each
other;
(c) the cutter axes lie in planes which are separate, not in
a common plane and not parallel to each other. A
distinguishing feature of all the patents placed herein, or
in the indented subclass, lies in the fact that the cutter
axes, if projected (in the sense of the term as used in
descriptive geometry) on to a common plane, will intersect.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
472 for structure in which the cutter axis is oblique
relative to a work support.
Subclass:
497
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Device
provided with means to vary the angle between the axis of one
cutter and the axis of the other cutter.
Subclass:
498
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device in
which both cutters of a tool pair are adjustable along the
axes of the cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 for means to adjust one cutter axially relative to the
other cutter of a tool pair.
Subclass:
499
This subclass is indented under subclass 498. Device
provided with mechanism to effect the adjustment of both of
the cutters of a tool pair simultaneously, or provided with
mechanism to effect the adjustment of one of the cutters of a
tool pair and with structure which permits the axial movement
of the other cutter of the same tool pair.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
428 for means moving tool carrier during cutting.
Subclass:
500
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device
provided with two cutters, in which each of the cutters has a
peripheral cutting edge defined by the junction of a radial
plane and a circular cylinder, both the plane and the
cylinder being generated about the axis of said cutter, in
which the axes of said cutters are spaced apart a distance
less than the sum of the radii of the respective cutting
edges, and the radial planes of said cutters substantially
coincide.
(1) Note. A drum is equivalent to a disc if only the
cutting edge at the end thereof is claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
430 for structure otherwise similar but in which the
periphery of a driven circular cylinder moves the work.
Subclass:
501
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Device
provided with means to urge one of the cutters towards the
other cutter in a direction parallel to the axis of the
cutters.
Subclass:
502
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Device
including means to adjust the urging means whereby the force
between the cutters is varied.
Subclass:
503
This subclass is indented under subclass 500. Device
provided with means to adjust the space between the axes of
the cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 for other means to move the cutter axes apart or
together.
Subclass:
504
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device in
which one cutter of tool pair is movable or adjustable
relative to the other along the axis of said adjustable
cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 for means to separate the cutters axially.
498 for means to adjust both cutters of a tool pair.
501 for means to urge the cutter axially.
Subclass:
505
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device in
which one of the tools is a rotatable disc-blade cutter as
defined in the definition of subclass 469 and the cooperating
tool is a rotatable circular cylinder, the peripheral surface
of which cylinder is smooth.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents involving structure
to urge the disc and the anvil toward one another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
434 for structure in which an anvil is driven to move work
in contact with the anvil, and having a disc-blade in contact
with the anvil to cut work.
509 for similar structure including a smooth or peripherally
grooved anvil roll and an edged, nonrotatable, noncyclic
blade, and see (2) Note to subclass 509.
Subclass:
506
This subclass is indented under subclass 505. Device
provided with means tending to force the disc and the anvil
one toward the other, and including means to change the force
exerted between the disc and anvil.
Subclass:
507
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Device
provided with means to effect a change in the spacing between
the cutters, particularly between the axis of the cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 for means to separate the cutters; e.g., to permit
threading of the work therebetween, and see (1) Note in
subclass 482.
503 for means to adjust the spacing between cutter axes
which cutters comprise contacting, overlapped discs. Where
the cutters of a tool pair do not contact each other, even
though they overlap, the patents will be found in this
subclass (507).
Subclass:
508
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device in
which a rotatable disc-blade cutter as defined therein
cooperates with a stationary or movable backup tool.
(1) Note. The backup tool may be a planar or grooved
platen, or a straight or curved ledger-blade, either fixed or
movable, so long as the movement of the tool is not in an
arc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
485 for rotatable disc-blade cutter on a reciprocable tool
carrier, the cutter cooperating with a fixed ledger blade.
Subclass:
508.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device wherein
the cutter is mounted or supported in said holder in such
manner that said cutter may be moved into or out of a cutting
relationship or zone with respect to the path normally
traversed by a work piece during cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471.1 for a rotatable disc cutter-type machine in which a
plurality of cutters is mounted in such a manner that each
cutter moves into a cutting zone after another one of said
cutters has moved away from the same zone.
Subclass:
508.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 469. Device wherein
means are provided to effect a change in the position of the
tool relative to its tool holder, or means to effect a change
in the position of the tool carrier.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 for means to separate the elements of a disc tool pair.
498 for a rotatable tool pair which is axially shiftable.
507 for elements of a tool pair which are adjustably
spaced.
Subclass:
508.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 508.2. Device
wherein tools are spaced axially of one another along a
common holder or axis, and means are provided to change the
position of one or more tools relative to one another along
said holder or axis.
Subclass:
509
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
provided with two cutter members in close proximity to, and
in cooperative cutting relation with, each other, in which
one member comprises a surface mounted for rotation about an
axis and, as disclosed, forming a contacting or backup means
positioned on one face of work and the other member comprises
a blade having a work cutting edge positioned on the opposite
face of work, which edge contacts said surface to cut work
thickness-wise from face-to-face of work.
(1) Note. This subclass is similar to subclasses 505+
above, in that both subclasses provide for patents including
a rotatable anvil and a fixed-type cutter. In subclasses
505+ the anvil is a smooth cylinder and the cutter is a
rotatable disc blade. In this subclass (509) the anvil is a
cylinder with either a smooth or a peripherally grooved
surface, and the cutter is an edged, nonrotatable, noncyclic
blade, the blade either contacting the periphery of a smooth
cylinder or in close proximity to the grooves of a grooved
cylinder.
(2) Note. For similar structure wherein the anvil is
claimed as a means to feed the work, see subclass 434.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
434 and see (2) Note above.
505 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
510
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Device
including means to move the axis of the rotatable surface.
(1) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are
patents disclosing cigar wrapper cutters, in which a leaf of
tobacco is placed upon a contoured blade having an upstanding
edge and an anvil travels across the work, the anvil rotating
about its axis as its axis moves in a plane parallel to the
edge of the blade, thus forming the work upon the edge to cut
the work.
(2) Note. For patents in which the operation is reversed,
that is, the anvil rotates about a fixed axis, and the work,
held on a movable, contoured, edged blade, is moved with the
blade past the rotatable anvil, see subclass 284.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 and see (2) Note above.
Subclass:
511
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Device in
which the axis moves in the arc of a circle.
Subclass:
512
This subclass is indented under subclass 510. Device
provided with at least two rotatable surfaces, each rotatable
about a separate (i.e., noncoextensive) axis.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are patents disclosing
structure in which one anvil cooperates with substantially
one-half of a contoured blade, and the other anvil cooperates
with substantially the other half of the contoured blade.
Subclass:
513
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus having at least two tool pairs wherein for one tool
of each pair there is an actuating mechanism or member which
has a portion thereof in contact with or mechanically
connected to that tool or its support and which may be caused
to move with respect to that tool to cause motion of the tool
with respect to its guide, the arrangement being such that
the actuating mechanism for one tool is movable with respect
to the actuating mechanism for another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
598 for plural tools having the same drive means and an
oscillating motion.
618 for plural tools having the same drive means and a
rectilinear motion.
Subclass:
514
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Apparatus
wherein one tool of one cutting pair is moved by contact or
connection with a relatively movable tool support of one tool
of another pair.
Subclass:
515
This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Apparatus
wherein at least one cutter is a closed aperture forming
means and at least one other cutter is a blade or knife.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
667 and 682, for a tool (per se) which performs both a
punching and a nonpunching operation.
Subclass:
516
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Apparatus
wherein the tool supports of one pair of tools are mounted
for movement relative to those of a second tool pair so that
the distance between the pairs of tools may be adjusted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
664 for spacers interposed between shaft mounted rotary
tools.
Subclass:
517
This subclass is indented under subclass 516. Apparatus
wherein means are provided, between the members of an
adjacent pair of tool supports, to hold up the work piece in
cutting position or simultaneously hold it up and guide or
clamp it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
404 for means to move work between tool stations.
Subclass:
518
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Apparatus
wherein at least one cutter is a closed aperture forming
means and at least one other cutter is a blade or knife.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
515 for a punch and shear arrangement in which the tool
support of one acts as driver for the others and see the
Notes thereto.
Subclass:
519
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Apparatus
wherein the plurality of tools are so driven that in the
cutting stroke one or more of the tools comes into cutting
engagement with the work before another one or more tools.
Subclass:
520
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including means to illuminate or to cast a shadow on a part
(or all) of the device or of the work; or means to form a
light image of a part (or all) of the device or of the work,
whether by reflection or refraction.
(1) Note. Generally speaking, a patent to the combination
of a cutting machine and means for projecting an image of the
work to be cut (e.g., a motion picture film) will be placed
originally in this or indented subclass; while a patent to
the combination of means to take a picture (as by exposure of
photo-sensitive material to light) and a cutting machine will
be placed originally in the proper class relating to the
s:graphic art involved (e.g., photography).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 628, for a geometrical
instrument including a cutting or punching instrumentality
and optical viewing means.
Subclass:
521
This subclass is indented under subclass 520. Device in
which an image is formed by reflection or refraction.
Subclass:
522.11
WITH SIGNAL, SCALE, OR INDICATOR:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including means to produce a perceptible (e.g., audible or
visual) manifestation, of a condition of a part (or all) of
the machine, or of a position or characteristic of the work
or product.
(1) Note. The means defined above may be calibrated
quantitatively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
360 for a cutting machine controlled by means responsive to
the work.
468 for a cutting machine having a claimed work stop
abutment provided with a scale or indicator.
520 for a cutting machine combined with means to illuminate
at least part of the machine and/or at least part of the
work, or with means to form an optical image of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 125, for a gauge, generally,
which may be used in cutting.
116, Signals and Indicators, appropriate subclasses, for a
nonelectrical signal or indicator.
340, Communications: Electrical, 500, for an electrical
automatic condition responsive indicating system, generally.
Subclass:
522.12
Signal; e.g., alarm:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
comprising means to produce a dynamic manifestation upon the
occurrence of a predetermined desired or undesired
condition.
(1) Note. A "dynamic manifestation" is considered to be a
discernible change, e.g., a lamp is illuminated, a bell
sounds, or a flag swings from one position to another.
Subclass:
522.13
Indicator comprising work or product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
wherein a change is made in the workpiece to display that a
condition has been met.
(1) Note. Means to cut an admission ticket to show that
adult fare or child fare has been paid is included herein.
Subclass:
522.14
Responsive to force:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
wherein a perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to a
physical load being applied to the device, or to a portion
thereof.
Subclass:
522.15
Indicates tool position:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
wherein a perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to
the location of an instrumentality intended to effect a
cutting action.
Subclass:
522.16
Relative to another element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.15. Device
wherein a perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to
the location of the cutting instrumentality with respect to
another member of the device.
Subclass:
522.17
To work-engaging member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.16. Device
wherein a perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to
the location of the cutting instrumentality with respect to a
member intended to engage a specific portion of the material
to be cut.
Subclass:
522.18
Calibrated scale or indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.17. Device
wherein the perceptible manifestation is digital.
Subclass:
522.19
Indicates dimension of work being cut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.18. Device
intended to subdivide a portion of the work wherein the
perceptible manifestation shows the resultant length of the
portion to be subdivided.
Subclass:
522.21
Dynamic indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.19. Device
wherein the means to produce a perceptible manifestation is
physically relocated to make such manifestation.
(1) Note. A repositionable indicator is not necessarily
"dynamic".
Subclass:
522.22
To another tool assembly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.16. Device
including a grouping of components intended to effect a
cutting action and including a second grouping of components
intended to effect a second cutting action, wherein a
perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to the location
of the first cutting grouping with respect to the second
grouping.
Subclass:
522.23
To cooperating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.16. Device
including a grouping of components intended to effect a
cutting action, wherein the perceptible manifestation is made
in reaction to the location of a cutting edge with respect to
a second cutting edge reacting therewith.
Subclass:
522.24
To another component of tool assembly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.16. Device
including a cutting group having a cutting edge on a member
movable relative to other portions of the group wherein the
perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to the relative
position of the cutting edge and another portion.
Subclass:
522.25
Adjustable guide for traversing tool; e.g., radial saw guide
or miter saw guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.16. Device with
means to provide a transport of a cutting instrumentality and
its driving means across a workpiece to effect the cutting
action, which means is repositionable with respect the
material being cut, wherein the perceptible manifestation is
made in reaction to the relative position of the transport
means and the material being cut.
Subclass:
522.26
Indicates work characteristic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
wherein the perceptible manifestation is made in reaction to
a condition of the material being subjected to a cutting
action.
(1) Note. The material condition of this subclass may
comprise a physical position or dimension.
Subclass:
522.27
Indicates wear:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
intended to give a manifestation of the gradual deterioration
of the device.
Subclass:
522.28
Bubble level:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.11. Device
wherein the means to manifest comprises a member filled with
a fluids of distinct specific gravity such that the position
of the device with respect to the earth is perceptible by
observation of the member.
Subclass:
522.29
Counter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 522.21. Device
wherein the means to manifest comprises a member digitally
recording the number of actions of the device.
Subclass:
523
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including either a tool or tool pair and means to apply a
force to either or both tools to effect at least a part of a
cutting stroke or cycle or means to constrain a tool for
motion in a path defining a cutting stroke or cycle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
651 for cutting tool claimed, per se, that is, without means
to drive or constrain a tool to move in a cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, 28.3, for a pencil-sharpening machine
(i.e., one including a cutter and a pointing-facilitating
work holder or work guide) including means to drive or guide
the cutter.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for a
means to drive or impact a tool or the like.
Subclass:
524
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus in
which means are effective to disrupt the tool moving means to
stop the tool during or after each tool cycle in such manner
that the initiation or continuation of a succeeding cutting
cycle requires the intervention of a randomly operating
agency or stimulus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for apparatus of the unicyclic type where the tool
engages the work during a dwell in the intermittent feed of
the work.
484 for a rotatable disc tool carrier movable
unicyclically.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 19 for a tool
driving or impacting means moved through a self acting
advance and retraction cycle.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 51 for a
nonrepeat means in the tool drive of a selective cutting
device.
Subclass:
525
This subclass is indented under subclass 524. Device,
wherein means are provided to vary the position along the
cutting path at which the tool is stopped.
(1) Note. This construction permits stopping the tool
closely adjacent the work in its movement toward the work to
permit aligning the work and tool in a plane perpendicular to
the tool path.
Subclass:
526
This subclass is indented under subclass 524. Device wherein
tool motion is stopped, with or without interruption of power
to the tool, by imposing frictional or positive retarding
force on the tool or its drive train.
Subclass:
527
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein means is provided for varying the location of one or
both of the limits of travel of the tool or a planar
tool-moving member (e.g., the presser of a clicker die press)
in its cutting or retraction motion.
(1) Note. Where an adjustable drive has the disclosed
purpose of varying the mechanical advantage, such device is
classified in subclasses 606 and 634 even though, in changing
the mechanical advantage, the datum plane of the tool may
also be varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
248 for means to change datum plane of tool in apparatus
having a tool which engages work during dwell of intermittent
work-feed.
606 see (1) Note above.
634 see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
528
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Apparatus
wherein the means to change the datum plane is effective
during continued, uninterrupted cyclic operation of the
cutter and results in moving the tool support into or out of
work engaging range.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
305 for a miscut device for flying a cutter.
563 for apparatus wherein a tool may be displaced to an
inactive position (e.g., for work loading).
572 for a device wherein a gag is provided for operatively
engaging a cutter member with a continuously actuated driving
means.
Subclass:
529
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Apparatus
wherein the limit of the tool travel is changed by the use of
adjustably positionable obstacles.
Subclass:
530
This subclass is indented under subclass 527. Apparatus
wherein the limit of the tool travel is varied by changing
the length of travel of the tool in its cutting stroke.
Subclass:
531
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device which
comprises a bed (usually horizontal) and an overlying or
opposed presser head, one of these being movable toward and
away from the other, for the disclosed purpose of applying a
force to a free tool (i.e., a tool not secured to either the
bed or presser head) which as taught by the disclosure has
its cutting edge in contact with the surface of the work, the
tool and work (again as disclosed) being disposed between the
bed and head to thereby cause the tool to cut the work
because of the applied force.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561 for a device wherein a tool and a flat surfaced
cooperating member are relatively positionable.
566 for a device wherein a tool is secured to a moving part
and is actuated to carry work in contact therewith through
space against a cooperating tool.
652 for a tool, per se, of this free tool type.
Subclass:
532
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Apparatus
including a carrier or holder for the free tool.
Subclass:
533
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Device wherein
the presser head, in the force-applying stroke, has only
rectilinear motion toward and from the bed.
(1) Note. In addition, a lateral swinging or positioning
motion of the presser head may be provided, usually to center
the presser over the die in various positions of the latter
on the work.
Subclass:
534
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Clicker die
press wherein the presser head is capable of movement
transversely of its rectilinear path so as to permit the head
to be located over any desired area of the bed.
(1) Note. The presser head may also be moved to an inactive
position out of registry with the bed, but where the head has
only one operative position and may be moved only to an
inactive position the patent is placed in subclass 533.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
533 and see (1) Note.
561 for apparatus providing for relative movement between
tool and anvil.
563 for apparatus wherein a tool may be displaced to an
inactive position (e.g., for work bonding).
Subclass:
535
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Device wherein
the transverse motion of the presser is limited to swinging
about a fixed axis.
Subclass:
536
This subclass is indented under subclass 535. Apparatus
including power means to swing the presser member laterally
over the bed block; or including means to confine the
swinging movement of the presser to a desired extent or to
otherwise govern such movement.
Subclass:
537
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Apparatus
wherein the power applying means, or the limiting or
controlling means, is coordinated or synchronized with the
means to impart rectilinear movement to the presser head.
Subclass:
538
This subclass is indented under subclass 535. Apparatus
wherein the presser member is turnably secured to a
stationary or nonrotating post.
(1) Note. The post is usually perpendicular to the bed and
may or may not be connected to the head for driving it in
rectilinear motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
533 for a device wherein the post rotates.
Subclass:
539
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Apparatus
including means for positioning or relocating the normally
stationary cooperating anvil or work holder.
(1) Note. "Normally stationary" means that the bed block
has no cyclic movement.
Subclass:
540
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Apparatus
wherein some provision is made to prevent, allow for, or
overcome the bending or tilting of the presser member which
is usually of cantilever construction.
Subclass:
541
This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Means
including a device manipulable by the operator and having
motion relative to the head for maneuvering the presser head
into operative position over the bed and/or governing
reciprocating movement of the head.
Subclass:
542
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
including means to cause a normally stationary cutter mounted
near the work to be deformed to cut the work.
(1) Note. An example of the apparatus of this subclass
might be a roller running along a taut wire, forcing
successive portions of the wire through the work.
(2) Note. This subclass does not include single use cutters
such as package or box opening tear strips found in Class
229, Envelopes, Wrappers, and Paperboard Boxes, subclasses
200+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
229, Envelopes, Wrappers, and Paperboard Boxes, 200, and see
(2) Note above.
Subclass:
543
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device wherein
there is interposed in the drive train (between power source
and tool) an element which is adapted to break, compress,
slip or distort upon occurrence of excessive force.
(1) Note. The term "yieldable transmission" does not
include lost motion or impact means, for which see subclass
616.
(2) Note. The device of this subclass is to be
distinguished from a yieldable power source, such as a
driving spring, for which see subclasses 582+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
582 and see (2) Note above.
616 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
544
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
provided with a protective obstruction to prevent contact of
an extraneous object (such as the hand of an operator) with a
part of the machine (such as the cutting tool or blade, per
se).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
397 for guard means which moves in coordination or
synchronism with the movement of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 612 for guards for machine
elements.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, 129 for stop
mechanisms.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
144 for a guard or housing for a belt and pulley drive
system.
Subclass:
545
This subclass is indented under subclass 544. Apparatus
wherein the protective obstruction is secured to the machine
frame in such a manner that it has no law of motion but
serves only as a fixed obstruction.
Subclass:
546
This subclass is indented under subclass 545. Apparatus
wherein the normally static guard may be repositioned.
Subclass:
547
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a length or roll of protective material (such as
paper) is so mounted for passage between a tool and its anvil
that it is in position during the cutting stroke to prevent
direct contact of the tool edge and the anvil.
Subclass:
548
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
including a plurality of claimed means for actuating the tool
support, which means may be used selectively or alternatively
at the will of the operator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
549 for apparatus having a single drive for selectively
driving one of a plurality of tools.
Subclass:
549
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a series or group of tools or tool pairs, on one
hand, and a common means for transmitting power from a common
source to the respective tools or tool supports, on the other
hand, are movable with respect to each other in a noncutting
direction so that different tools or tool pairs of the series
or group are driven individually by the common transmission
as desired.
(1) Note. The common actuating train need not be
immediately preceding or adjacent any of the tools but may be
further back in the drive train of any or all thereof, so
long as there is a common power train between the tools and
the power source with respect to which the tools or tool
pairs are relatively movable.
(2) Note. The unselected tool(s) or tool pair(s) remains
inactive in the machine and available for selection.
(3) Note. For machine having plural cutting tools, each
with its own drive train (or with a common drive train),
which tools are always available for actuation in any number
and in any cycle of machine operation, see Class 234,
Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), and see the class
definition of this class (83), section II, Lines With Other
Classes, subsection A, Relationship to Other Classes
Including, per se, Cutting, Severing, or Incising.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561 for a device where a tool may be positioned over
different areas of a single flat surfaced cooperating tool.
571 for a device for connecting or disconnecting a tool and
its drive.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 50 for power paths to plural
tools from a single drive.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), (and see (3) Note
above).
Subclass:
550
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Apparatus so
constructed that the tools (or tool pairs) must be relatively
associated in driving relationship with the common power
means in a fixed order of succession.
Subclass:
551
This subclass is indented under subclass 550. Apparatus
wherein the tools are tool pairs.
Subclass:
552
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Apparatus
wherein the series or group of spaced tools (or tool pairs)
are mounted for bodily simultaneous movement upon a
revolvable drum or disk.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 39 for turret mounted tools for
performing plural diverse metal shaping operations.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 99 and 113, for a
turret of interposers (i.e., gag blocks to control the
selection of a combination of tools for actuation in a given
cycle).
483, Tool Changing, 16 for a machine tool combined with a
significantly recited tool changer. Note that a tool changer
of Class 483 bodily removes a tool from the turret.
Subclass:
553
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein one or more cutters are positionable to coact, always
through the agency of a single drive train, with different
ones of a group or series of cooperating cutters.
Subclass:
554
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device with
means which necessarily results in, or whose disclosed
purpose is to permit, successive applications of force,
including gravitational, to the tool in its cutting motion
(as contrasted with its return motion) in two or more
distinct pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting, (e.g., Punching), 76 for similar
tool actuating means in a pattern-controlled card or tape
punch.
Subclass:
555
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein the tool, in its approach to and contact with the
work, follows two or more successive diverse type paths or
types of motion; e.g., rectilinear and pivotal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
376 and 377, for a tool which moves in a vertical path with
a clamp, then in a second path oblique to the first after the
clamp has tightened on the work.
644 for tool motion involving two or more simple components
simultaneously present.
Subclass:
556
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device with
means for giving one of the members of a cutting pair a
noncutting motion with respect to the work as a result of, or
otherwise in timed relation with, either the advancing or
retracting portion of the cutting stroke.
Subclass:
557
This subclass is indented under subclass 556. Apparatus
wherein a cutting anvil is transported, during each cutting
cycle, from a retracted noncutting position to an effective
position and is again returned to the retracted position.
Subclass:
558
This subclass is indented under subclass 556. Apparatus
wherein the noncutting motion is along a rectilinear path.
Subclass:
559
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein both members of a cutting couple are movable (in a
noncutting motion) simultaneously to various selected
locations with respect to a work holder or to the base or
supporting frame of the apparatus.
Subclass:
560
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Apparatus
wherein the tool pair is positionable along a rectilinear
path.
Subclass:
561
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a cutting member performs its cutting operation
against a substantially imperforate work holder member and
wherein either member may be positioned with respect to the
other so as to bring different areas of the work holder into
opposed or cutting relationship with the cutting member.
(1) Note. If the positioning movement is synchronized with
the cutting or retraction stroke, the patent would be
classified in subclasses 556+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for a clicker die press to actuate a loose tool which
may be positioned at will upon different areas of the work
carried by a flat surfaced work holder.
556 and see (1) Note.
Subclass:
562
This subclass is indented under subclass 561. Apparatus
wherein the members may be relatively positioned along a
rectilinear path.
Subclass:
563
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus with
means for moving or permitting movement of a cutting member
from an effective cutting position to a retracted or
noncutting position, and back to cutting position again.
(1) Note. The cutting member must remain attached to the
apparatus; this subclass does not take patents where the
cutting member is detached and laid aside to be again mounted
at a subsequent time.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
483, Tool Changing, 16 for a machine tool combined with a
significantly recited tool changer. The tool changer of
Class 483 is intended to detach and transfer the tool away
from the machine tool.
Subclass:
564
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Apparatus
wherein the cutting member may be swung or oscillated to and
from inactive position.
Subclass:
565
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device
including means to constrain a cutting tool to follow a path,
with respect to the work, which is determined (at least in
part) by a mutually engaging and relatively movable contoured
guide or pattern and a follower associated with the tool
positioning means, so that the tool follows a line of cut
which is similar (in at least part of its extent) to the
guiding surface of the guide or pattern or produces spaced
cuts lying along such a similar line.
(1) Note. Search Class 33, subclasses 18.1+ and 501+ for
the guide or pattern and the follower subcombinations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 18.1 and 501+, and see (1) Note
above.
Subclass:
566
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device whose
operation, in the manner taught by the disclosure,
accomplishes the bodily movement of the work, under the
impetus of one tool, through space and into contact with the
other or opposing tool of a cutting pair, which other tool is
not moving toward or away from the work-moving tool (i.e.,
not moving in the path of work movement) during the cutting
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431 for means to press work on to a fixed-type cutter.
531 for a clicker die press wherein a loose tool; i.e.,
unattached to a driven tool holder or machine part, may
support the work and be moved into contact with the presser
head.
Subclass:
567
This subclass is indented under subclass 566. Device
including means which acts to grip the work between itself
and the tool providing the impetus, during at least part of
the work's movement toward the cooperating tool.
(1) Note. Such binding or pressing means may also serve as
a product handling instrumentality of the type usually termed
"ejector" or "stripper". Patents directed to such means are
placed originally in subclasses 111+; a few samples of such
patents have been cross-referenced into this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 for a product-handling means which also may serve to
bind work to a moving tool; and see (1) Note, above.
382 for a machine in which work is clamped against a tool
(or its support); but in which the work is held fixed or
immobile during cutting.
Subclass:
568
This subclass is indented under subclass 566. Apparatus
including elastic or springlike means (either solid or fluid)
supporting one or both tools against the pull of gravity, or
urging one or both tools in a particular direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
582 for a device including a tool which is
resiliently-supported or biased; the reason for, or mode of,
applying the resilient force varying from subclass to
subclass.
Subclass:
569
This subclass is indented under subclass 566. Device in
which the cooperating or opposed tool is a hollow cutter into
the cavity of which the work is forced by the tool providing
the impetus; or in which there are a plurality of cooperating
or opposed tools into the interstices between which the work
is forced by the tool providing the impetus.
Subclass:
570
This subclass is indented under subclass 566. Means in which
the motive power, for the tool providing the work-moving
impetus, is supplied by the operator or operative.
Subclass:
571
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
including means for establishing or disrupting a positive
connection between the tool or tool support directly and a
power transmitting mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for randomly actuated device which brings a tool or other
part to a halt at any point in the tool cycle by disrupting
the power train thereto.
549 for apparatus wherein a plurality of tools and a single
power transmission means are relatively positionable to
selectively drive a single one of the tools.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching).
Subclass:
572
This subclass is indented under subclass 571. Apparatus
wherein that part of the power transmitting mechanism to or
from which the tool is connected or disconnected is in a
state of uninterrupted motion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), appropriate
subclasses, particularly subclass 119, for similar tool
control in a selective cutting machine.
Subclass:
573
This subclass is indented under subclass 572. Apparatus
wherein the force required for connecting or disconnecting
the tool is supplied solely by a human operator.
(1) Note. The operator may act upon the gag through a
linkage or other mechanical force modifier which introduces
no other source of power. If, however, the claimed subject
matter requires that the operator merely actuates a switch or
clutch to connect some other source of power with the
gag-moving means, the patent is not placed in this subclass,
but in subclass 572.
Subclass:
574
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
provided with means to change the law of operation of the
device, selectively or at will, to require the tool to follow
one of a plurality of courses of travel in its cutting
stroke; or with means to adapt a cutting implement (a claim
to which alone would be proper for Class 30) to operation as
a device of this class (83).
Subclass:
575
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device wherein
the means to move the tool includes an electromechanical
transducer in which reciprocatory or oscillatory motion
between a coiled conductor carrying electric current and a
ferrous or ironlike armature is effected by varying the
instantaneous value of current in the conductor.
(1) Note. The definition of this subclass excludes an
electric motor of the usual rotary-shaft type, unless it is
so connected in the tool drive that its shaft can only
oscillate, without undergoing a full rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), subclass 108, for
individually electrically driven tools in a selective cutting
machine.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, 119, for
reciprocating or oscillating motors, generally, and subclass
135, for linear-movement motors, generally.
Subclass:
576
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Apparatus
wherein the tool or its support, in its cutting cycle,
actuates a switch or other current-controlling element which
is so connected in a circuit that actuation of the switch or
element causes a change in the value of current in the coiled
conductor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for stopping means actuated in response to tool- or
work-feed means detector.
524 for unicyclic tool actuation, generally.
Subclass:
577
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Device wherein
the tool or an element rigidly secured thereto also
constitutes the armature or movable portion of the
electromechanical transducer.
(1) Note. The coil, rather than the core or armature, may
be the tool-actuating element.
Subclass:
578
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein the tool comprises two effective edges or blades and
may be reciprocated or oscillated so that one edge or blade
may cut during movement of the tool in one direction and the
other edge or blade may cut during movement of the tool in
the other direction.
Subclass:
579
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein the tool is guided, cammed, or positioned during at
least a portion of the cutting cycle by the opposition or
inertia of the work.
(1) Note. This influence does not include a mere
deceleration of the tool upon engagement with the work, but
is intended to cover generally any change in direction of
tool movement which occurs because of tool engagement with
the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
378 for tool motion affected by clamping pressure.
Subclass:
580
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device having
a pair of cutting tools, the cutting edge of one tool being a
hollow closed figure so arranged that the work to be severed
is embraced with a portion of the work protruding axially
therefrom, and the cutting edge of the other tool being
arranged for relative movement thereof in a plane usually
perpendicular to the axis of the hollow tool edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200.1 for a work-enclosing, wire cutting tool, which tool
cuts the work by increased tension being applied to the end
of the wire.
Subclass:
581
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device having
a work support which holds the work in relation to the
surface described by movement of the cutting edge so that the
tool cuts the work to provide a surface at an oblique angle
to some other surface of the work.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents for means to cut
rods, tubes, and similar elongated work to provide a cut
surface at an oblique angle to the longitudinal axis of such
work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
559 for device for positioning a tool pair relative to a
workpiece to make a bias cut.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 28.2, for a pencil-sharpening
machine including an elongated work holder or work guide so
related to the cutter as to produce a bevelled edge, an
elongated piece of attributable marking material.
Subclass:
581.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device wherein
the tool is subjected to two balancing forces causing or
tending to cause extension of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
752 for a reciprocable-type tool (e.g., jigsaw) wherein
stored energy (e.g., spring means) furnishes drive power in
one direction.
Subclass:
582
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a tool blade is continuously subjected to a force
tending to move it.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
568 for a constantly urged tool that is embodied in a device
whose operation is such that, through the impetus of a tool,
the workpiece is moved through space into contact with a
cooperating tool.
Subclass:
583
This subclass is indented under subclass 582. Apparatus
wherein the tool blade which is subjected to the force
tending to move it is the normally stationary member of a
cutting pair.
Subclass:
584
This subclass is indented under subclass 582. Apparatus
wherein the tool blade upon which the urging force acts is a
pivoted blade and the force tends to move the blade along the
pivotal axis.
Subclass:
585
This subclass is indented under subclass 584. Apparatus
wherein the tool blade is also subjected to a force tending
to oscillate it.
Subclass:
586
This subclass is indented under subclass 582. Apparatus
wherein the force tends to move the tool in a cutting stroke
and there is provided releasable means to restrain the tool
against moving.
Subclass:
587
This subclass is indented under subclass 586. Apparatus
wherein an additional means (other than the restraining
means) is provided for returning the tool to its restrained
retracted position.
Subclass:
588
This subclass is indented under subclass 582. Apparatus
wherein the tool blade is constantly subjected to a force
tending to move it in the direction away from the work or a
cooperating cutter member.
Subclass:
589
This subclass is indented under subclass 588. Apparatus
wherein the tool subjected to the force tending to move it is
a pivoted blade.
Subclass:
590
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device in
which means other than that which drives the cutter into the
work is provided specifically for the purpose of withdrawing
the cutter from the work.
Subclass:
591
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a tool is mounted for movement in one direction only
about a fixed axis, the cutting blade being arranged thereon
so that is will cyclically approach and recede from work
presented thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
469 for rotatable disc cutter and carrier therefor, and
especially subclasses 491+ for means to rotate or oscillate
such a cutter.
Subclass:
592
This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Device whose
cutting blade derives substantially all its support (either
directly or indirectly) from its attachment to the external
surface substantially normal to the axis of a rotating disk
or disklike member.
Subclass:
593
This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Device
provided with means to change the speed of revolution of the
tool during each revolution.
(1) Note. The speed change may involve, for instance, an
acceleration of the tool in the cutting zone and deceleration
elsewhere; or, by way of further example, the stopping and
restarting of the tool at least once during each revolution.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 for a cutting machine having means to stop at least part
of the machine after a predetermined number of tool cycles.
298 313, 311+, for a "flying" cutting machine having means to
vary the speed of a cutting tool.
617 for a machine of the simple rectilinear type having
means to vary the speed of a cutting tool.
Subclass:
594
This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Means in which
the moving tool passes through a cut-away or a re-entrant
portion in a cooperating tool while making contact with a
cutting edge of such other tool to effect a cut, or passes
through the gap produced by spaced portions of a work-holding
means and effects a cut while so passing.
Subclass:
595
This subclass is indented under subclass 594. Apparatus in
which the moving tool and its cooperating tool are so related
to each other, or in which the moving tool working through a
recess in a work holder is so shaped or configurated, that
the work is cut with a continuing or slicing action, rather
than substantially simultaneously, as the locus of cutting
contact with the work shifts along the tool edge(s).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
596 for other progressively cutting rotary cutters.
611 for a progressively cutting oscillating cutter of the
axially extending cutting-edge type.
636 for a progressively cutting rectilinear reciprocating
cutter.
Subclass:
596
This subclass is indented under subclass 591. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade is so formed that the work is cut
with a continuing or slicing action such that the locus of
cutting contact with the work shifts along the blade edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
595 for other progressively cutting rotary cutters.
611 for progressively cutting oscillating cutters of the
axially extending cutting edge type.
636 for progressively cutting rectilinear reciprocating
cutters.
Subclass:
597
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a tool is rotatably reciprocated about a fixed axis
toward and away from work support by a work holder or ledger
blade to cut and then retract.
(1) Note. For patents wherein the cutting member moves
continuously in one direction about a fixed axis see
subclasses 591+.
Subclass:
598
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Apparatus
wherein there is more than one set of cooperating cutting
pairs.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
513 for plural cutters each having a separate driving
mechanism one of which moves relative to another.
Subclass:
599
This subclass is indented under subclass 598. Apparatus
wherein a single pivoted member carries more than one tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
620 for a device having plural tools carried by a single
rectilinearly reciprocating support.
Subclass:
600
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Apparatus
wherein both members of a cutting pair are moved in the
cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
623 for a rectilinearly reciprocating device wherein both
members of the cutting pair are moved in a cutting stroke.
Subclass:
601
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means for the oscillating tool or tool
holder comprises a member which has a different path of
motion than that of the tool or tool holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
627 for tool driver movable relative to rectilinearly
reciprocating tool support.
Subclass:
602
This subclass is indented under subclass 601. Apparatus
wherein the member which actuates the tool or tool holder
oscillates or rotates about a center and carries a surface of
fixed points of varying distance from the center, which
surface imparts motion to a follower in contact therewith
which motion varies in accordance with the varying distances
of the fixed points on the surface from the center of the
member.
(1) Note. The follower may be the tool or tool support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
628 for cam or eccentric driver for rectilinearly
reciprocating cutter.
Subclass:
603
This subclass is indented under subclass 601. Apparatus
wherein the member which actuates the tool or tool holder is
provided with one or more protuberances or grooves which
inter-engage and cooperate with mating protuberances on, or
grooves in, the tool holder to form therewith a positive
force transmitting means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
629 for gear driver for rectilinearly reciprocating cutter.
Subclass:
604
This subclass is indented under subclass 601. Apparatus
wherein the tool or tool holder is actuated by two bars
pivotally joined together at their ends, the other end of one
bar being pivotally attached to the tool holder and the other
end of the second bar being pivotally mounted to an element
which is fixed with respect to the path of the tool holder
motion, the bars being so oriented that movement of the bars
so as to put the centers of the three pivots in line will
actuate the tool or tool holder in a cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
630 for a toggle link driver for a rectilinearly
reciprocating cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 367 for a toggle-link actuator means for a
plier-type tool.
Subclass:
605
This subclass is indented under subclass 601. Apparatus
wherein the tool or tool holder is actuated by one or more
members at least one of which oscillates about a center,
which center is always in a fixed position with respect to
the axis of the tool or tool holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
633 for fixed axis lever drive for rectilinearly
reciprocating cutter.
Subclass:
606
This subclass is indented under subclass 605. Apparatus
having two or more actuating levers wherein the point of
connection between two or more levers may be varied.
(1) Note. For line between this subclass and subclass 527
see (1) Note under subclass 527.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
634 for adjustable drive for varying the mechanical
advantage for rectilinearly reciprocating cutter.
Subclass:
607
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Apparatus
wherein the cutting edge is so disposed that in its cutting
motion it generates a surface perpendicular to the fixed
axis.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
592 for radially mounted revolving tool.
Subclass:
608
This subclass is indented under subclass 607. Apparatus
wherein the moving tool support on the one hand, or the work
holder or ledger blade on the other hand, may be positioned
as desired relative to each other.
(1) Note. Patents for devices wherein the adjustment of the
tool blade results in the changing of the datum plane of the
tool stroke are placed in subclasses 527+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
609
This subclass is indented under subclass 607. Apparatus
wherein a means additional to an axial bearing or guide
structure is provided to engage the movable cutting blade and
maintain it in its proper cutting path.
Subclass:
610
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Apparatus
wherein the cutting edge is so disposed that in the cutting
motion it generates a right cylinder or segment thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
591 for a cutting blade moving continuously in one direction
about a fixed axis.
Subclass:
611
This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Apparatus
wherein the cutting edge is so shaped that it coacts with the
work holder or ledger blade so that the point or area of
severance of the work advances along the axis of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
596 for progressively cutting rotary cutter.
636 for progressively cutting rectilinear reciprocating
cutter.
Subclass:
612
This subclass is indented under subclass 610. Apparatus
wherein either the moving tool support or the ledger blade or
work holder maybe positioned as desired.
(1) Note. Patents for devices wherein the adjustment of the
tool blade results in the changing of the datum plane in the
tool stroke are placed in subclasses 527+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 and see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
613
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a tool or tool holder is moved in alternate
directions in a straight line, for example, toward and away
from a co-operating ledger blade or work holder to cut and to
retract from the work placed therebetween.
Subclass:
614
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein the movable tool engages the entire thickness of a
flat workpiece and moves in a direction to traverse the
workpiece from one side boundary thereof to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
455 for a traveling cutter whose guide serves as a clamp for
work.
469 for a traveling cutter of the rotary disc type, and
especially subclasses 485+ for reciprocable tool carrier.
Subclass:
615
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein counter-balancing means is provided to negate or
neutralize the kinetic effect of the weight of the punching
mechanism.
Subclass:
616
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Devices
wherein a driving element moves idly through a portion of its
travel before contacting another element which transmits
motion to the cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for a tool of the clicker die type.
Subclass:
617
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein means are provided to accelerate or decelerate the
tool and/or change the impetus of the actuating means on the
tool during a stroke.
(1) Note. To be placed in this subclass, a patent must have
the disclosed purpose of changing the force or speed of the
tool. Those devices having mechanical drives which would
inherently change the force or speed of a tool in its stroke,
but which are silent as to such change of force or speed, are
placed in the respective structural subclasses. See
subclasses 624+ and 627+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
624 and see (1) Note above.
627 and see (1) Note above.
628 for cam or eccentric actuator.
Subclass:
618
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein there is more than one cutting tool, each of which is
driven by the same power transmission means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
513 for plural cutters each having a separate driving
mechanism one of which moves relative to another.
598 for plural cutters of the oscillating type.
Subclass:
619
This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Device
including two or more tools located in position by means of a
plate element provided with holes or other means which are
engageable with dowels or the like as associated with the
tools or their holders, so that a number of tools may be
readily brought into a predetermined relationship.
(1) Note. The template may or may not serve as a structural
part of the machine framing, but it should remain in place as
a machine element as distinguished from a setting-up
appliance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
565 for a template which controls the path of movement of a
tool in its cutting stroke.
Subclass:
620
This subclass is indented under subclass 618. Apparatus
wherein there is more than one tool on one of the tool
supports.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
599 for plural tools on a single oscillating arm or tool
holder.
Subclass:
621
This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Apparatus
wherein the plural tools are telescopically arranged one
within another (e.g., nut and washer cutting and punching
machines).
Subclass:
622
This subclass is indented under subclass 620. Apparatus
wherein the plurality of tools are so arranged on the tool
support that in the cutting stroke one of the tools comes
into cutting engagement with the work ahead of another.
Subclass:
623
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein during the cutting cycle, both the tool or tool
holder, on the one hand, and the cooperating ledger blade or
work holder, on the other hand, are given simple rectilinear
motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
600 for a device wherein both members of a cutting pair have
motion in a cutting stroke, at least one of which is an
oscillating motion.
Subclass:
624
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein alternate-motion-creating force is applied to both
extremities of an elongated tool carrying member which is
restrained by guides at each extremity to travel in a
rectilinear path, the extremities being located in the areas
closest to the respective cross-head guides.
Subclass:
625
This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Apparatus
wherein the force is applied by means of pivoted oscillating
arms which have different paths of motion than that of the
tool or tool support, and which are pivoted on centers which
are always in a fixed position with respect to the path of
the tool or tool support.
Subclass:
626
This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Apparatus
wherein the means for applying force to the extremities of
the tool carrying member is a lever having a bearing at each
end, one bearing connecting the lever to the extremity of the
tool carrying member, for transmitting motion to the
extremity by a push and pull movement, the other bearing
being connected to some force transmitting mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
632 for single connecting rod articulated with tool
support.
Subclass:
627
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means for the reciprocating tool or
tool holder comprises a member which has a different path of
motion than that of the tool or tool holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
601 for tool drivers movable relative to oscillating tool
supports.
Subclass:
628
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the member which actuates the tool or tool holder
oscillates or rotates about a center and carries a surface of
fixed points of varying distance from the center which
surface imparts motion to a follower in contact therewith
which motion varies in accordance with the varying distances
of the fixed points on the surface from the center of the
member.
(1) Note. The follower maybe the tool or tool support.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
602 for cam or eccentric drivers for oscillating tool
supports.
Subclass:
629
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the member which actuates the tool or tool holder is
provided with one or more protuberances or grooves which
inter-engage and cooperate with mating protuberances on, or
grooves in, the tool holder to form therewith a positive
force transmitting means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
603 for gear drivers for oscillating tools.
Subclass:
630
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the tool or tool holder is actuated by two bars
pivotally joined together at their ends, the other end of one
bar being pivotally attached to the tool holder and the other
end of the second bar being pivotally mounted to an element
which is fixed with respect to the path of the tool holder
motion, the bars being so oriented that movement of the bars
so as to put the centers of the three pivots in line will
actuate the tool or tool holder in a cutting stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
604 for a toggle link driver for an oscillating tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 367 for toggle-link actuator means for plier-type
tool.
Subclass:
631
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the tool or tool holder is either internally or
externally threaded and is driven by a mating threaded
driver.
Subclass:
632
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the actuating means for the tool or tool holder is an
intermediate connector having a bearing at each end, one
bearing connecting it to the tool or tool holder, for
transmitting motion to the tool by a push and pull movement,
the other bearing being connected to some force transmitting
mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
626 for connecting rod articulated to opposite ends of a
tool-supporting cross-head.
Subclass:
633
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein the tool or tool holder actuating member oscillates
about a center, which center is always in a fixed position
with respect to any point on the straight line path of tool
movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
605 for fixed axis lever driver for an oscillating tool.
Subclass:
634
This subclass is indented under subclass 633. Apparatus
wherein the point of connection between two or more of the
actuating levers may be varied.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 for means to change the datum plane of a tool or
tool-presser stroke and see (1) Note thereunder for the
line.
606 for adjustable driver for varying the mechanical
advantage for an oscillating cutter.
Subclass:
635
This subclass is indented under subclass 627. Apparatus
wherein a passive means is provided to engage with and
thereby direct the course of movement of, a moving cutting
member or cutting member holder.
Subclass:
636
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein the direction of motion of the cutting member is in a
plane normal to the broad side of the work and the member is
so shaped that it coacts with the ledger blade or work holder
so as to shear the work in a gradually advancing manner.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
595 and 596, for progressively cutting rotary cutters.
611 for progressively cutting oscillating cutters of the
axially extending cutting edge type.
Subclass:
637
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein two or more guide members are provided to align a
punch and die.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
384, Bearings, 7 for linear bearings.
Subclass:
638
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Rectilinearly
reciprocating tool which is guided by slots, ways, etc.,
which are disposed at an oblique angle to ledger blade or
work holder in the plane of movement of the tool.
(1) Note. The inclination of the tool guide-means generally
serves to impart a slicing or draw-cutting action to the
tool, as distinguished from the bevel-cutting referred to in
subclass 581.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
581 for a tool which is guided in a plane oblique to the
work table for bevel-cutting.
Subclass:
639.1
Fluid pressure actuated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade is caused to move in a cutting
stroke by an expansible chamber motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 for apparatus wherein the cutting tool itself is a fluid
blast or suction, that cooperates with a fixed reaction tool
or with a directly opposing second fluid blast.
Subclass:
639.2
Utilizing fluid amplifier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 639.1. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade is caused to move in a cutting
stroke by an expansible chamber motor that utilizes the
inertia of moving fluid impinging upon a portion thereof as a
source of pressure.
Subclass:
639.3
Diaphragm:
This subclass is indented under subclass 639.1. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade is caused to move in a cutting
stroke by an expansible chamber motor having a flexible
portion that moves to carry the cutting blade.
Subclass:
639.4
Explosive fluid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 639.1. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade is caused to move in a cutting
stroke by an expansible chamber motor by the action of fluid
therein, that has been caused to burn and thereby expand and
drive the movable portion of the motor to carry the blade.
Subclass:
639.5
Plural cylinders:
This subclass is indented under subclass 639.1. Apparatus
wherein the cutting blade(s) is caused to move by more than
one expansible chamber motor.
(1) Note. A single blade driven by plural cylinders is
included herein, as is a device including a blade driven by a
first cylinder and a second blade driven by a second
cylinder.
Subclass:
639.7
Offset cutter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 639.1. Apparatus
wherein the force of the expansible chamber device extends
along a first line and wherein the resultant force on the
cutting tool extends along a second, distinct line.
Subclass:
640
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Apparatus
wherein a tool may be positioned with respect to its tool
holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 for a device wherein the means to vary the position of
the tool on its holder serves to vary the limits of travel of
the tool.
556 for a device wherein the tool is positioned in
synchronization with the cutting stroke.
560 for a device wherein a tool pair is positioned as a
unit.
561 for a device wherein a tool and a flat surfaced
cooperating member are relatively positionable.
Subclass:
641
This subclass is indented under subclass 640. Apparatus
wherein means are provided for positioning the ledger blade
or work holder.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
583 for a spring-biased ledger blade.
Subclass:
642
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Means whose
tool motion is a nonlinear combination of work-approaching
and lateral components of motion in a plane, during which
motion the tool remains parallel to its initial position
throughout its stroke.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
638 for a rectilinearly moving tool operating in inclined
guides and which may effect a draw-cut.
Subclass:
643
This subclass is indented under subclass 642. Device in
which the tool is suspended, guided and/or restrained in its
motion by a plurality of parallel links of equal length.
(1) Note. The links may, of course, comprise portions of
levers, bell-cranks, or other elements having additional
functions.
Subclass:
644
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device whose
cutter has a component of rotation of less than 360 deg.
about a pivot, which pivot reciprocates rectilinearly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
647.5 for a similar device wherein the pivot moves in a
circular path.
Subclass:
646
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Apparatus
wherein a plurality of motions are given to the cutting
member simultaneously, all of the motions being in the same
plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
644 for rectilinear motion combined with rotary tilting
motion.
Subclass:
647
This subclass is indented under subclass 646. Apparatus
wherein one of the motions is a to-and-fro motion while
another motion is toward the work, thus giving the tool a
sawing type action.
Subclass:
647.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 646. Device whose
cutter has a component of rotation about a pivot, which pivot
moves about a fixed center.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
644 for a similar device wherein the pivot moves in a
straight line.
Subclass:
648
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a tool and means to support the work during cutting
or to support a reserve stock of the work.
(1) Note. For the distinctions between this subclass and
Class 269 and subclasses 523+ and 651+ of this class, see (3)
Note under subclasses 651+ of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, 28.1, for a pencil-sharpening machine;
i.e., including movably related cutter and
pointing-facilitating work-holder parts.
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, appropriate subclasses,
for similar work supply means combined with a tool of the
type classified in that class.
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses for a work holder,
per se, or a work holder with a tool couple element, and see
(1) Note above.
Subclass:
649
This subclass is indented under subclass 648. Device in
which the work supply is in the form of a web or strand
wrapped upon itself and the supply is supported for rotation
upon an axis.
(1) Note. This subclass is the locus of all patents
including a cutting tool and means to support a reserve
supply of work in which the work supply is in the form of a
web or strand wrapped upon itself and the supply is supported
for rotation upon an axis. Hence, the usual lines between
this class (83) and Class 30, Cutlery, do not apply in this
situation (see section II, Lines With Other Classes,
subsection A, Relationship to Other Classes Including, per
se, Cutting, Severing, or Incising, paragraph 1, The class of
cutting implements, Class 30). Class 225, Severing by Tearing
or Breaking, includes patents reciting a tearing edge or a
breaking device and means to support a reserve supply of
work.
Subclass:
650
This subclass is indented under subclass 649. Device in
which two or more work supplies are associated with the tool
so as to permit selective severing from one or more of the
supplies.
Subclass:
651
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
comprising a tool, or a tool and its support, or a plurality
of tools with a common support, ("tool" and "tool support"
being defined in the Glossary ).
(1) Note. A patent drawn to a tool having a portion
specifically provided for in a subclass higher in this
schedule will be found in such subclass. For example, a
patent claiming a tool having a portion which has the
specific purpose of guiding the product will be found in
subclasses 78+. As another example, a patent drawn to a tool
having a portion thereon whose purpose is to act as a
work-stop abutment will be found in subclasses 391+ or
subclasses 467+.
(2) Note. This and indented subclasses include a tool pair
as defined in the Glossary if the means for moving, guiding
or permitting movement of either of the tools in the pair is
not claimed. However, this subclass does not include a tool
pair of the type provided for in subclasses 284+
(particularly subclasses 343+), subclasses 469+ or subclasses
509+.
(3) Note. For distinction between a tool for this and
indented subclasses and a work holder or work support for
Class 269, see section II, Lines With Other Classes,
subsection, Work Holder in Combination With Treating Means,
paragraph B, 1, under the Class Definition of Class 269. A
patent disclosing a work holder or work support of the type
classified in Class 269 and a tool movable with respect to
the work support or work holder to effect cutting, will be
found in subclasses 648+ of this class if the tool is claimed
in combination with the work holder or work support, but no
means to move or permit movement of the tool is claimed.
(The inclusion of such named means will result in the
placement of the patent in subclasses 523+, above).
(4) Note. This and indented subclasses provide for patents
claiming a joint or connection between a tool and a tool
support. However, where the claimed joint or connection is
specifically provided for in an existing body of art and only
that portion of the tool is claimed which is necessary to
modify the joint or connection, the patent will be found in
such body of art. Such bodies of art include, Class 279,
Class 285, Class 403.
(5) Note. A tool defined in terms of its composition
without the claiming of significant structure enabling the
composition to operate as a tool is placed originally in the
class providing for the composition, rather than in this
class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 and see (2) Note, above.
469 and see (2) Note, above.
509 and see (2) Note, above.
523 and see (3) Note, above.
648 and see (3) Note, above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses and see (3) Note,
above.
279, Chucks or Sockets, appropriate subclasses and see (4)
Note, above.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, appropriate subclasses and see
(4) Note, above.
403, Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses and see
(4) Note. above.
407, Cutters, for Shaping, for a cutter intended to give
shape other than subdividing the work; e.g., the cutter to be
used in a milling machine or the cutter to be used in a
lathe.
Subclass:
651.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the tool comprises at least one wire (elongated member having
a diameter which is relatively insignificant compared to its
length).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
200.1 for a wire-tool type cutting device which functions by
having an increased tensional stress applied to said tool
after it is placed in position to encircle or surround at
least a portion of the work.
307.1 for a "flying" wire cutting tool.
Subclass:
652
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device which
is disclosed as being supported against gravity solely by
resting on the work, and which is caused to cut the work by
being forced into the work by a force applying member that is
not connected thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for a clicker die press utilizing a work supported
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 314 for a work supported cutting implement.
Subclass:
653
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device having
a special provided portion which enables (that is, permits)
another element to remove the product from the tool.
(1) Note. The facilitator may be simply a channel for an
operator's finger.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for a tool having means for moving or guiding the
product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, subclass 13 for a product discharge
facilitator on a work holder.
Subclass:
654
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device
provided with a special part or element which is intended to
be grasped to facilitate placing the tool on or removing it
from the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
532 for a clicker die press with a die handling attachment.
Subclass:
655
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device having
a portion thereon whose function is to engage a particular
portion of the work so as to enable the tool to be placed on
top of a desired part of the work.
Subclass:
656
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device which,
in its intended use, cuts out a discrete product from the
work and in addition makes a cut within the confines of the
product that does not intersect any edge of the product.
Subclass:
657
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Device having
means to change, or permit the changing of, the relative
positions of two work contacting cutting portions, of the
tool to thereby change the size and/or shape to the cut made
in the work by the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
696 for a tool having tool contour adjusting means.
Subclass:
658
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the tool is an anvil as defined in the Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, 289 and section V(B) 2 of the class
definition (269) for the line.
Subclass:
659
This subclass is indented under subclass 658. Device wherein
the anvil, during the cutting operation, swings in a single
direction about an axis that is fixed with respect to the
anvil.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
663 for a rotatable type tool that is not an anvil.
Subclass:
660
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the portion of the tool contacting the work has a pointed end
which, in operation, penetrates the work and, without
removing any material from the work, makes a hole having
substantially the same dimension as the dimension of the
portion of the tool that penetrates the work.
Subclass:
661
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the tool in use forms a closed loop of flexible material
wrapped about or traveling about a plurality of pulleys or
drums.
Subclass:
662
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the tool has an elongated cutting edge and is connected at or
near each of the ends of its cutting edge to a tool support,
with the tool being unsecured to the support for at least a
portion of its length between said connections.
(1) Note. The tool may have an additional backing member
bearing against it between the connections to the spaced
arms.
Subclass:
663
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Means which is
intended (during cutting) to swing in a single direction
about an axis that is fixed with respect to the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
343 for a rotatable tool pair of the flying pair.
469 for a rotatable disc tool pair or tool and carrier,
especially subclasses 495+, for a rotatable tool combined
with means to cause or permit such rotation.
591 for a means to cause or permit simple revolving motion
of a tool.
659 for a rotatable type anvil.
698.41 for a rotary cutter joint or connection, or for a
nominally recited rotary cutter in combination with a joint
or connection therefor.
Subclass:
664
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device wherein
a plurality of tools are mounted on an elongated rotatable
member extending through the centers of the tools or tool
supports, so that the tools rotate with such member; with at
least two tools being axially spaced along the elongated
member by means of an element positioned between facing sides
of such two tools or their supports.
Subclass:
665
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device
including a tool or tool support fixedly secured to and
circumferentially encompassing an elongated member having a
length substantially greater than the dimension of the tool
or tool support along the axis of the member; and means for
securing the member to the tool or tool support.
(1) Note. For the placement of a patent as an original in
this subclass, the securing means must be claimed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
698.11 for a connection between a tool and a tool support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
403, Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses, for
means for securing a collar or like member to a shaft and see
(4) Note under subclass 651 of this class for the line.
Subclass:
666
This subclass is indented under subclass 665. Device wherein
the tool or tool support is secured to the shaft at or near
one extremity thereof.
Subclass:
667
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
is constructed to perform a punching operation on the work as
defined in the Definition or Terms and also make a cut in the
work which is not a punching cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
682 for another punching plus nonpunching tool.
Subclass:
668
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
is constructed to perform a notching operation on the work as
defined in the Glossary and also make a cut in the work which
is not a notching cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
683 for another notching plus nonnotching tool.
Subclass:
669
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
is constructed to perform a punching operation on the work as
defined in the Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
684 for another punching tool.
Subclass:
670
This subclass is indented under subclass 669. Device which
is constructed to cut the work by a shearing operation as
defined in the Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
686 and 690, for another shearing type tool.
Subclass:
671
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
is constructed to perform a notching operation on the work as
defined in the Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
692 for another notching tool.
Subclass:
672
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device wherein
at least a portion of the work-contacting (cutting) part of
the tool follows the mathematical space curve commonly known
as a helix.
Subclass:
673
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
is constructed to make a shearing cut as defined in the
Glossary.
Subclass:
674
This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Device wherein
all of the work-contacting (cutting) portion of the tool lies
along a straight line, all points of which are equidistant
from the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
675
This subclass is indented under subclass 673. Device wherein
all of the work-contacting (cutting) portion of the tool lies
in a plane that is at a right angle with respect to the axis
of rotation of the tool.
Subclass:
676
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device which
consists of a relatively thin, generally flat, member having
work-contacting (cutting) portion or portions along its
periphery, such portion or portions being symmetrically
arranged with respect to the geometric center.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are a disc-type tool
having a circular periphery, a tool having a serrated or saw
toothed periphery, and a tool having a plurality of
equiangularly spaced cutting lobes.
Subclass:
677
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Device wherein
the work-contacting (cutting) portion of the tool is spaced
from the axis of rotation and the tool is so mounted on the
tool support that the distance from said portion of the tool
to the axis of rotation may be varied.
Subclass:
678
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Means wherein
the device is comprised of a plurality of cutting elements,
each adapted to make a separate cut in the work, with the
cuts being unconnected to each other, so that the resultant
product has an uncut portion between cut portions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
695 for another spaced cut forming tool.
Subclass:
679
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Means wherein
the device is intended to be initially on one side of the
work and to cause the work to be cut by the relative movement
of such device with respect to another tool located on the
opposite side of the work.
Subclass:
680
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to make a cut in the shape of a series of
convolutions of ever increasing radius.
Subclass:
681
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to perform a punching operation as defined in the
Glossary and to make a cut in the punched-out portion
produced by the punching operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
656 for a work supported tool that cuts out an article and
cuts within the article.
682 for a tool that makes both a punching and nonpunching
cut, the nonpunching cut not being within the punched out
article.
Subclass:
682
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to perform a punching operation as defined in the
Glossary and also to make a cut in the work which is not a
punching cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
667 for a punching plus nonpunching tool of the rotatable
type.
681 for a punching tool which also makes a cut within the
punched out article.
Subclass:
683
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to perform a notching operation as defined in the
Glossary and also to make a cut in the work which is not a
notching cut.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
668 for a notching plus nonnotching tool of the rotatable
type.
Subclass:
684
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to perform a punching operation as defined in the
Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
669 for a punching tool of the rotatable type.
Subclass:
685
This subclass is indented under subclass 684. Device which,
as claimed, includes both tools of the tool pair as defined
in the Glossary.
Subclass:
686
This subclass is indented under subclass 684. Device whose
claimed tool is constructed to cut the work by a shearing
operation, as defined in the Glossary, by penetrating a
complemental female tool.
Subclass:
687
This subclass is indented under subclass 686. Means wherein
the device comprises a plurality of cutting elements mounted
on a common support, each of the elements being intended to
cut out a discrete product unconnected with a product cut-out
by another element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
691 for another punching tool that produces multiple
punchings.
Subclass:
688
This subclass is indented under subclass 686. Device,
wherein the tool has at least two portions thereon effective
to cut the work by a shearing action, as defined in the
Glossary, said portions being connected by a portion of the
tool which is not effective to cut the work, one of said work
cutting portions engaging the work before the other portion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
407, Cutters, for Shaping, 13 for a broaching tool having a
series of teeth that successively cut to enlarge an existing
hole.
Subclass:
689
This subclass is indented under subclass 686. Device wherein
the cutting edge of the male tool that coacts with the female
tool to effect cutting is so constructed that in its intended
operation the work will initially be engaged by a portion
only of the edge, with other edge portions then successively
engaging the work until the punching operation is completed.
Subclass:
690
This subclass is indented under subclass 684. Device whose
claimed tool is constructed to cut the work by a shearing
operation, as defined in the Glossary, by being penetrated by
a complemental male tool.
Subclass:
691
This subclass is indented under subclass 684. Means wherein
the device comprises a plurality of cutting elements mounted
on a common support, each of the elements being intended to
cut out a discrete product unconnected with a product cut out
by another element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
687 for a shear-type male punching tool that produces
multiple punchings.
Subclass:
692
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to perform a notching operation, as defined in
the Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
671 for a notching tool of the rotatable type.
Subclass:
693
This subclass is indented under subclass 692. Device
constructed to cut the work by a shearing operation, as
defined in the Glossary.
Subclass:
694
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device
constructed to cut the work by a shearing operation as
defined in Glossary.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
670 and 673+, for a shearing tool of the rotatable type.
686 and 690, for a shear-type punching tool.
693 for a shear-type notching tool.
Subclass:
695
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Means wherein
the device comprises a plurality of cutting elements each
adapted to make a separate cut in the work, with the cuts
being unconnected to each other, so that the resultant
product has an uncut portion between cut portions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
678 for a spaced cut forming tool of the rotatable type.
Subclass:
696
This subclass is indented under subclass 679. Device having
means to change, or permit the changing of, the relative
positions of two work contacting cutting portions of the tool
to thereby change the size and/or shape of the cut made in
the work by the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
657 for a work supported tool having tool contour adjusting
means.
Subclass:
697
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Means which is
intended in operation to be moved toward and away from the
work along the same path so as to effect cutting during this
movement.
(1) Note. A tool that oscillates in operation or moves
to-and-fro in a sinuous path is considered to be of the
reciprocable type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
679 for a reciprocable tool of the cutting couple type.
698.71 for a reciprocable cutter joint or connection, or for
a nominally recited reciprocable cutter in combination with a
joint or connection therefor.
Subclass:
698.11
Joint or connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
means are provided for (a) securing a cutting tool to its
support, (b) securing one cutting element of a tool to
another cutting element, or (c) securing one portion of a
cutting tool support to another portion of a tool support.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents to connections for
strippers and guide assemblies for moving tools and tool
supports.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 through 146, for a stripper to which a joint or
connection of this subclass pertains.
651 see the (4) Note for the line with existing classes
providing for joints and connections.
Subclass:
698.21
Magnetic connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.11. Joint or
connection including means to secure a tool or tool support
in position by utilizing the force of a magnet to a
ferromagnetic member.
Subclass:
698.31
Resiliently biased connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.11. Joint or
connection including means to secure a tool or tool support
in position by utilizing the force of a component thereof
stressed within its elastic limit.
Subclass:
698.41
For rotary tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.11. Joint or
connection wherein the tool is one carried to turn at least
360 degrees about an axis passing therethrough comprising
means for (a) securing that tool to its support or (b) for
securing that tool to another tool.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include securing one
portion of a tool support to another portion of a tool
support.
Subclass:
698.42
Flexible sleevelike tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.41. Joint or
connection wherein the tool comprises a pliable cylindrical
collar substantially encompassing a generally cylindrical
roller.
Subclass:
698.51
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.41. Joint or
connection wherein means are provided which enable the
cutting element of the tool to be positioned on its support,
or in the case of a tool having multiple cutting elements, to
be positioned relative to another cutting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
699.51 and see the search notes thereunder for other
adjustable joints or connections under the class definition.
Subclass:
698.61
Rectilinearly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.51. Joint or
connection wherein the position of the cutting element is
adjustable along a straight line.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents to a device which
move, allow to move, or cause to move a rotary cutting tool
axially with respect to a supporting arbor, or for axially
moving an arbor for a rotary cutting tool along its bearing
support.
(2) Note. This subclass is not intended to provide for a
connection to allow a rotary cutter carriage to slide along a
rail.
Subclass:
698.71
For rectilinearly reciprocating tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.11. Joint or
connection wherein the tool is one intended to move to and
fro along a straight line comprising means for (a) securing
that tool to its support, or (b) for securing that tool to
another tool, or (c) for securing a tool support that
reciprocates with the tool to another reciprocating support.
(1) Note. Included herein are patents to a stationary
cutting tool, as distinguished from an anvil, that cooperates
with a reciprocating tool to form a tool pair.
Subclass:
698.91
Tool is single element with continuous cutting edge (e.g.,
punch, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.71. Joint or
connection wherein the tool includes a sharp edge intended to
penetrate the workpiece, which sharp edge extends such that
it curves back on itself without interruption.
(1) Note. This subclass is limited to patents to a
connection for directly attaching a tool to a support.
Subclass:
699.11
Tool is single element reciprocable generally perpendicularly
to elongate cutting edge (e.g., shear, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.71. Joint or
connection wherein the tool includes a sharp edge that
extends a limited distance, and said edge extends
substantially perpendicularly to the line of travel of the
tool.
(1) Note. This subclass is limited to patents to a
connection for directly attaching a tool to a support.
Subclass:
699.21
Tool is single element reciprocable along elongate cutting
edge (e.g., saw blade, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.71. Joint or
connection where in the tool is a long, thin blade having a
cutting edge extending along the longitudinal axis thereof
and parallel to the to-and-fro movement.
(1) Note. This subclass is limited to patents to a
connection for directly attaching a tool to a support.
Subclass:
699.31
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.71. Joint or
connection wherein means are provided which enable the
cutting element of the tool to be positioned on its support,
or in the case of a tool having multiple cutting elements, to
be positioned relative to another cutting element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
699.51 and see the search notes thereunder for other
adjustable joints or connections under the class definition.
Subclass:
699.41
Rectilinearly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 699.31. Joint or
connection wherein the cutting element is positionable along
a straight line.
Subclass:
699.51
Adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 698.11. Joint or
connection wherein means are provided which enable the
cutting element of the tool to be positioned on its
support, or in the case of a tool having multiple cutting
elements, to be positioned relative to another cutting
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
527 for a device wherein the means to vary the position of
the tool on its holder serves to vary the limits of travel of
the tool.
640 for a device of the type found in this subclass which,
as claimed, is embodied in a machine having means to drive or
guide the tool in a rectilinearly reciprocatory path.
698.51 for a rotary cutting tool or tool support
including a joint or connection.
699.31 for a reciprocating cutting tool or tool
support including a joint or connection.
Subclass:
699.61
Rectilinearly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 699.51. Joint or
connection wherein the cutting element is positionable along
a straight line.
Subclass:
701
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus or method which is not in conformance with the
definition of any prior subclass in this schedule.
(1) Note. A special exception to the limitations expressed
in these definitions (i.e., the limitations which require a
moving tool and/or edge backup member) exists in the case of
a machine wherein sound waves (e.g., supersonic sound) cause
work to be cut through its thickness. Such a machine will be
proper for this class and this subclass as apparatus for such
cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13 for the corresponding process.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 104 for apparatus or process for
testing a cutting edge.
Subclass:
703
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
including means for sequentially moving the work in two
distinct directions, namely (a) work infeed motion along a
path parallel to the plane of cut, and (b) transverse work
motion in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of
cut; and wherein movements (a) and (b) are repeated.
(1) Note. For the purpose of this definition, the means
which permits movement of the work transverse to the plane of
cut must have structure which at least facilitates such
movement, e.g., work pusher, or a guide-like groove or
track.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
284 for a cutting tool which moves in two directions, namely
(a) perpendicularly toward the work, and (b) parallel to the
direction of movement of the work ("flying cutter").
Subclass:
704
This subclass is indented under subclass 703. Device
including means to facilitate or cause alternating
clockwise-counterwise rotational movement of the work about
an axis parallel to the cutting plane when the work is out of
contact with the cutting tool.
(1) Note. This device is usually a "shingle-cutting"
machine wherein the work supported by the feed carriage is
given alternate outward cants (of each of the lead corners of
the workpiece) into the plane of cut such that the work is
tilted or slanted in a step-by-step fashion with respect to
the feed carriage base or platform.
(2) Note. A device having an alternately tilting or
slanting gauge (thickness) plate, against which the lead edge
of the work contacts as the work is being fed to the cutting
zone, is found in this subclass (704).
Subclass:
705
This subclass is indented under subclass 704. Device wherein
the means to facilitate the clockwise-counterclockwise
rotational movement of the work is a member supplemental to
the work moving means, which supplemental means contacts the
work and positions it with respect to the cutting zone
between successive cuts, but does not move with the
work-moving means.
Subclass:
706
This subclass is indented under subclass 704. Device wherein
the means to cause the clockwise-counterclockwise rotational
movement of the work is a series of elements which hold or
support the work, each element having a peripheral surface,
any point of which moves in an arc-like path.
Subclass:
707
This subclass is indented under subclass 703. Device wherein
the infeed means moves the work back and forth in a straight
line path past a cutting zone, said back and forth movement
constituting a cycle of work movement, wherein one complete
cut is produced during each such cycle, and including a
cutting tool at said zone having a cutting plane which is
parallel to the direction of said work movement.
(1) Note. These devices are generally known in the art as
"slicers".
(2) Note. The infeed means is usually referred to as a
"work-support" or a "work-carriage".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
717 for a "slicer" wherein the work is moved perpendicularly
toward the plane of cut solely by the force of gravity upon
the work.
Subclass:
708
This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Device
including means for turning the work through a partial
rotation about a centerline which is parallel to the straight
line path, such turning occurring only when the work is out
of contact with the tool, or including means to facilitate
such a rotation of the work.
(1) Note. The work turning means may be used to rotate the
work while it is resting on the work support (carriage) or it
may be used to transfer the work from a supply means directly
to and onto the work carrier.
Subclass:
709
This subclass is indented under subclass 708. Device wherein
the work turning means comprises a closed loop of flexible
material, and wherein said means includes a plurality of
pointed, work engaging projections spaced along the outside
edge of said loop.
(1) Note. This device usually is in the form of either a
wheel or endless chain having a plurality of work engaging
teeth spaced around the periphery thereof.
Subclass:
710
This subclass is indented under subclass 708. Device wherein
the work turning means comprises a substantially rectangular
reciprocating means which includes at least one pointed, work
engaging projection located on the periphery closest to the
work.
(1) Note. For the purposes of this definition, the pointed
work, engaging projection can include a pin, cog, tooth,
hook, etc.
(2) Note. A work engaging hook attached to a driving or
pulling chain (nonendless) will be considered a device for
this subclass.
Subclass:
711
This subclass is indented under subclass 710. Device wherein
the rectangular means includes two or more work engaging
projections.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
709 for a similar device wherein the plurality of teeth are
attached to a rotating or revolving endless member.
Subclass:
712
This subclass is indented under subclass 711. Device wherein
the work turning means is actuated by pneumatic or hydraulic
power means.
Subclass:
713
This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Device
including means for positively moving the work in a direction
toward and substantially perpendicular to the cutting plane,
such means being effective during the interval when the work
is out of engagement with the cutter.
(1) Note. The means which moves the work transversely may
be advanced manually. However, if the transverse movement is
caused by the operator grasping the work itself and pushing
or pulling such work, the device will be found in subclass
707.
(2) Note. The means for shifting the work transversely may
be the force of gravity, per se, (see subclass 717 indented
hereunder).
Subclass:
714
This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Device wherein
the means for moving the work perpendicularly toward the
cutting plane retracts the work from said plane after the
cutting operation has been performed.
(1) Note. The alternate to-and-fro shifting of the work is
for the purpose of aligning the work with the cutting plane
prior to each cut and then clearing the work from the plane
as it is reciprocated back to prepare for a subsequent pass
or cut.
(2) Note. The means to move the work toward and away from
the cutting plane must be structural. For devices wherein
the transverse work-advancing means is moved manually, see
subclass 713.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
724 for a similar device wherein a work retraction means is
provided in addition to the means to move the work toward the
cutting plane.
Subclass:
715
This subclass is indented under subclass 714. Device wherein
actuation of the means to move the work perpendicularly is
effected by an element which is a movable part of the infeed
means.
(1) Note. The movable element is usually affixed to the
wheel or axle of the work supporting carriage (infeed means)
and rotates therewith, thus transmitting power to the
transverse work-mover.
Subclass:
716
This subclass is indented under subclass 714. Device wherein
actuation of the means to move the work perpendicularly is
effected by an integral part of the work infeed means
contacting a relative stationary means situated in the path
of travel of the infeed means.
Subclass:
717
This subclass is indented under subclass 713. Device,
including means to regulate or limit the distance that the
work is moved perpendicularly toward the cutting plane.
(1) Note. Such means can comprise (a) baffle structure on
the side of the cutting plane opposite the transverse work
moving means so as to provide a work-stop abutment, (b)
mechanical means (e.g., ratchet, screw) associated with the
work moving means so as to regulate the distance the work is
moved toward the cutting plane for each cutting cycle.
(2) Note. Devices relying on gravity as being the sole
means for moving the work perpendicularly toward the cutting
plane are found in this subclass (717).
Subclass:
718
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Device wherein
actuation of the means to move the work perpendicularly to
the cutting plane is effected by or associated with means to
cause or permit the work infeed motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
725 for a similar device having plural, work-pushing
elements, which elements are actuated to move perpendicularly
toward the cutting plane by the work infeed means.
Subclass:
719
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Device wherein
the movement of the work perpendicular to the cutting plane
is effected by means which engages the work along a plane
farthest removed from the plane of cut, and forces the work
toward the plane of cut.
(1) Note. The pusher mechanism may be manually forced
toward the cutting plane by grasping a handle associated with
the pusher; see subclass 729 indented hereunder.
Subclass:
720
This subclass is indented under subclass 719. Device
including means to either (a) secure the work against
relative movement with respect to the pusher element, or (b)
adjust the work relative to the pusher element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
409 for a device wherein the work is moved through the
cutting tool station (infeed) by a conveyor means, said means
including a work constrainer (e.g., clamp, hook).
451 for a work immobilizer or constrainer of general
utility.
Subclass:
721
This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Device wherein
the means to secure the work against movement includes means
to adjust or move said securing means into or out of
engagement with the work.
Subclass:
722
This subclass is indented under subclass 719. Device wherein
two or more spaced, work engaging means are interconnected so
as to concurrently produce a shifting of the work toward the
cutting plane.
Subclass:
723
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device
including means for varying the position of one pusher
element relative to another.
(1) Note. These devices are generally intended to
accommodate a tapered work piece in such a manner that the
side presented to the cutting plane will be parallel
thereto.
Subclass:
724
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device
including means to effect movement of the pusher elements
away from the cutting plane.
(1) Note. The retraction of the pusher elements away from
the cutting plane is generally for the purpose of preparing
the devices for the receipt of a new work piece.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
714 for a similar device wherein the means which advances
the work toward the cutting plane (e.g., pusher element)
physically retracts the work from the cutting plane as well.
Subclass:
725
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device wherein
at least one work engaging means is actuated by an
intermediate means which utilizes energy transferred thereto
by the movement of the infeed means.
Subclass:
726
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device wherein
at least one work engaging means is actuated by pneumatic or
hydraulic means.
Subclass:
727
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device wherein
a work engaging means includes a threaded follower which is
engaged by a threaded, rotatable shaft, the work engaging
means being urged toward the cutting plane when the shaft is
rotated.
Subclass:
728
This subclass is indented under subclass 722. Device wherein
a work engaging means includes a rectilinear, toothed member
attached to or integral with the underside thereof, and
wherein said means is advanced toward the cutting plane by
either (a) a driven, toothed gear means which engages said
rectilinear member by intermeshing teeth therewith, or (b) a
driven, reciprocating finger which engages a tooth of the
rectilinear member on one stroke, and slides over that tooth
on the return stroke.
Subclass:
729
This subclass is indented under subclass 719. Device wherein
the pusher mechanism has associated therewith means adapted
to be grasped by the hand of the user so as to impart
movement thereto.
Subclass:
730
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Device wherein
the means to move the work transversely toward the cutting
plane is a member which supports the work against gravity,
which member includes means to limit the increments of said
work movement.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
276 for a cutting device including a reciprocating
work-mover, wherein the tool engages the work during dwell of
intermittent workfeed.
409 for other rectilinear work-mover means including a
work-constrainer.
425 for a work supporting carriage which moves the work
along a path which is parallel to the cutting plane.
435.11 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and tool adapted to cut parallel to the
direction of and during work movement.
437.1 for a cutting device having a rectilinearly moving
work carriage and a tool, generally.
Subclass:
731
This subclass is indented under subclass 707. Device wherein
the means for moving the work back and forth in a straight
line (infeed) is a driven, flexible member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
713 for a device having such a driven, flexible member, and
including means to positively move the work toward the
cutting plane.
Subclass:
732
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device having
active means, distinct from the work conveyor, for moving a
work piece laterally of the direction of motion of the
work-moving means.
Subclass:
733
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device in
which the means to convey the work is restricted to rotate or
oscillate around an axis which is stationary with respect to
the zone of the cutter.
Subclass:
734
This subclass is indented under subclass 401. Device
including a common mechanism to drive both the cutter-moving
means and the work moving means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for a tool engaging work during a dwell.
284 for a flying tool movement.
350 for a timed stroke synchronized with the tool.
Subclass:
743
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having means which engages a tool or tool support so as to
define or limit the path (usually rectilinear) of movement of
the tool, and means for attaching an element of the apparatus
to the work to support or give additional support to the
apparatus while the tool engages the work.
(1) Note. For a listing of the subclasses in this class
which include a clamping device, see section III, Subclass
References to the Current Class, of the Class Definition and
search notes for subclass 452, this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
454 for a tool guide means combined with, or peculiarly
related to, a work clamp.
761 and 821+, respectively, for a passive tool guide which
directly engages the tool or tool support, or a tool guide,
per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses and particularly 371, for
a cutting device with a work engaging member which remains
stationary with respect to the work and which provides
support for, or movement to, the cutter, but does not guide,
or assist in guiding, the cutter.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 31, for a tool driving device
with means to engage the work to bear the weight of the drive
means or resist the reactive force caused by the movement of
the tool.
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses, particularly 86,
for a work holder provided with a clamp.
Subclass:
744
This subclass is indented under subclass 743. Device in
which the attaching means includes an elongated deformable
member (e.g., cable, strap, series of articulated links)
which conforms to a portion of the periphery of the work to
affix it thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, appropriate subclasses and in particular
subclass 212, for means for compressing material by rendering
a flexible member taut around the material.
269, Work Holders, 287, for a holder which surrounds at least
a portion of the work and substantially conforms to the outer
periphery of the work.
Subclass:
745
This subclass is indented under subclass 743. Device in
which the attaching means is so arranged that the tool
engaging means, and any member utilized to support said
engaging means are entirely supported against gravity by the
work.
Subclass:
746
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
having a cutting tool comprising a member of substantial
length having a work cutting edge extending along its length,
said member being adapted to move such that each point along
the elongated cutting edge has a component of motion
to-and-fro and generally parallel to said work cutting edge,
and including a means for supporting a means for supporting
or guiding said cutter to move to and fro.
(1) Note. In the definitions of the subclasses indented
hereunder, the phrase "cutting span" will be used to
designate that portion of the moving cutting edge which is
transiently in engagement with the work.
(2) Note. A device having means to guide a
reciprocable-along-elongated-edge type tool while it moves
toward and/or through the work (i.e., infeed) and which
relates to a reciprocable type tool, is placed in subclasses
746+ rather than subclasses 821+, since these devices
function to guide the tool during its basic movement (i.e.,
to-and-fro reciprocations) and in addition, function to
determine the direction of tool infeed movement and/or
provide support for the tool.
Subclass:
747
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
provided with means which allows the tool to be oriented
about an axis which is generally coextensive with the
work-cutting edge, wherein the cutting edge can be oriented
while the device is in operation.
Subclass:
748
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
provided with, (a) counterbalancing means to negate or
neutralize the kinetic effect of the tool or (b) means to
dissipate, or render less harmful, the vibrations or "jars"
caused by the to-and-fro movements of the tool.
Subclass:
749
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
combined with one or more tools of the class type which are
not of the reciprocable-along-elongated-edge type.
Subclass:
750
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device having
means by which an addition, removal, or re-assembly of one or
more of the parts of the device causes the device to become a
cutting apparatus of the class type other than a
"reciprocable-along-elongated-edge type".
Subclass:
751
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
including two or more cutting tools capable of to-and-fro
movement.
(1) Note. The cutting tools can be mounted on a single tool
support (e.g., "gang saws") or upon separate tool supports
and can be simultaneously usable or separately usable.
Subclass:
752
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device having
means which absorbs part of the energy to move or assist in
moving the tool in the opposite direction of said movement.
Subclass:
753
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device in
which the tool has relative motion with respect to the device
during (or between) the to-and-fro cutting movements in a
direction having a component which is perpendicular to the
cutting edge, and toward and through the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 for a cutting device with means to bring the tool into
cutting contact with the work during dwell of an intermittent
workfeed.
284 for a cutting device which includes means to move one or
more tools into cutting engagement with the work while the
work is moving through a cutting zone.
483 for a movably mounted tool carrier for a rotatable
disc-type tool.
794 for a cutting device in which an endless flexible
band-type tool is arranged to infeed.
Subclass:
754
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device
provided with means ancillary to the tool or tool support for
urging the tool to move toward and through the work or for
checking or limiting the velocity with which the tool moves
toward or through the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
202 284+, (See "SEARCH THIS CLASS SUBCLASS" of subclass
753).
487 for a rotatable disc tool carrier with means to move
said carrier during cutting.
523 for means to apply a force to a tool to effect a cutting
movement.
800 for a cutting device having an endless, flexible band
type tool and means for promoting or regulating tool infeed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 141, for means for causing
movement of a tool into or along the length of the work.
Subclass:
755
This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Device in
which the ancillary means includes or comprises an
elastically deformable member which exerts a force on the
tool or tool support.
(1) Note. This subclass is not the locus for a tool guide
element that is resilient and constantly urged into contact
with the tool or tool support, unless such contact is
specifically for the purpose of retarding or promoting
infeed. Constantly-urged tool-contacting type guide
structure may be found in subclasses 762+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
223 for stored energy means for moving work or tool, which
means is loaded by tool or work.
314 for a device having a resilient element which urged the
tool toward a noncutting position.
348 for a device in which a first rotary tool cooperates
with a second resiliently urged rotary tool.
Subclass:
756
This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Device in
which the ancillary means has associated therewith means
capable of modification or adjustment for effecting an
increase or decrease in the velocity of infeed movement.
(1) Note. The associated means may consist of means for
varying the impetus of the auxiliary means on the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
324 for means to change the peripheral speed of a cutter
blade which travels in a closed loop during a portion of the
tool cycle.
403.1 for means to convey work relative to a tool station,
combined with means to regulate work speed.
617 for means to vary force on or speed of tool during
cutting stroke.
800 (See "SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS" of subclass 754).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, 141, for means for
controlling the movement of a tool into or along work.
Subclass:
757
This subclass is indented under subclass 754. Device
provided with means to cause to-and-fro tool motion in which
the ancillary means is to be synchronized or interdependent
with said to-and-fro motion causing means.
Subclass:
758
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device in
which the tool has a to-and-fro movement along a straight
line in addition to the infeed motion.
Subclass:
759
This subclass is indented under subclass 758. Device in
which the tool infeed is effected by swinging the tool about
a fixed point.
Subclass:
760
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device
provided with means capable of stopping the motion of the
tool toward or through the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
563 for means for moving or permitting movement of a tool,
to a retracted or noncutting position.
583 for a device wherein stored energy furnishes the force
for the return stroke.
587 for a device wherein stored energy furnishes only the
cutting force.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 156, for lock or
brake means to inhibit or prevent a tool from infeeding.
Subclass:
761
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device
provided with means operative, without application of power
thereto, to engage the tool or tool support to define or
limit the path of movement (i.e., to direct, wholly or
partially the path) of the tool during infeed motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441.1 for passive tool guide means attached or operatively
connected to means to guide moving work.
454 for tool guide means combined with or peculiarly related
to work clamp.
820 for a device having an endless, flexible band type tool
means to move said tool and special guide means for said
tool.
821 for a passive tool guide and various perfecting features
for such guide.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 286, for a cutting tool provided with a guide.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, 406 and 409+, for elevator guiding devices.
384, Bearings, 7 linear bearing; e.g., slide type, per se.
Subclass:
762
This subclass is indented under subclass 761. Device wherein
the passive means comprises two or more elements which, have
faces spaced apart for passage of a tool therebetween.
Subclass:
763
This subclass is indented under subclass 762. Device wherein
the passive means is capable of permitting at least one guide
element to be moved toward and away from the other to vary
the spacing between the guide elements or the effective space
for passage of the tool.
(1) Note. This subclass is not the locus for cutting
devices having tool guide elements which are resilient and
constantly urged toward one another. Such guide structure may
be found in subclass 762.
Subclass:
764
This subclass is indented under subclass 762. Device
provided with means permitting the tool guide element to be
relocated or re-oriented with respect to the work or a work
support means.
Subclass:
765
This subclass is indented under subclass 764. Device
provided with two or more work support portions in which at
least one portion thereof is capable of relative movement
with respect to the other portion.
(1) Note. The adjustment may result from the movement of
the guide elements relative to the work support portions, or
from the movement of one portion relative to the elements and
other portion.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, 9, for plural, selectively used work
holders, and subclasses 37+, for plural holders for holding
workpieces relative to one another.
Subclass:
766
This subclass is indented under subclass 764. Device
provided with a work support surface, in which the relocating
means permits the tool guide elements or work means to be
turned about a line which extends generally parallel to the
plane of the work support surface.
Subclass:
767
This subclass is indented under subclass 764. Device
provided with a work support surface, in which the relocating
means permits the tool guide elements or work support means
to be turned about a line which extends generally
perpendicular to the plane of the work support surface.
Subclass:
768
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device having
means to cause the tool to follow a curved path.
Subclass:
769
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device in
which the to-and-fro motion of the tool is effected about a
point.
Subclass:
771
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Device wherein
the tool or tool support is supported by a to-and-fro moving
carrying member including a shaft or pinlike device connected
to the tool or tool support in a manner which permits the
tool or tool support to turn freely there about.
(1) Note. The tool or tool support is not supported by
other machine structure during cutting but can be and
normally is supported in part by the work or by the
operator.
(2) Note. The devices found herein are often referred to as
"drag saws".
(3) Note. The tool infeed motion is usually produced by the
movement of the tool around the pivot as the cut progresses.
Subclass:
772
This subclass is indented under subclass 771. Device in
which the tool carrying member moves the pivot through an
orbital path during cutting.
Subclass:
773
This subclass is indented under subclass 771. Device in
which the tool carrying member oscillates about a line.
Subclass:
774
This subclass is indented under subclass 773. Device in
which the line about which the tool carrying member is
oscillated also moves during cutting.
Subclass:
775
This subclass is indented under subclass 771. Device in
which the tool carrying member reciprocates in a straight
line.
Subclass:
776
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device wherein
means are provided which give the cutting tool a continuous
or discontinuous reciprocating or oscillating motion in
addition to the to-and-fro motion along its cutting edge,
both the additional motion and the to-and-fro motion being in
a plane common to all the motions and to the cutting span.
(1) Note. The "additional motion" referred to above must be
distinguished from the tool infeed motion of subclasses 753+.
The "reciprocating motion" normally causes the tool to
backfeed to separate the cutting edge from the work during a
portion of the to-and-fro motion, and the "oscillating
motion" normally causes the tool to rock during or between
cutting strokes (for the purpose of removing waste material
from the kerf, etc.).
Subclass:
777
This subclass is indented under subclass 776. Device in
which the cutting tool is supported by two or more
independent holding members, each of which members move
to-and-fro about separate, spaced axes.
Subclass:
778
This subclass is indented under subclass 776. Device wherein
the tool moves in a closed loop path in such a manner that
the cutting edge is constantly maintained in parallel
planes.
Subclass:
779
This subclass is indented under subclass 776. Device in
which the reciprocating or oscillating motion includes
movement of the tool about a line perpendicular to said plane
while the tool is in cutting engagement with the work.
Subclass:
780
This subclass is indented under subclass 779. Device wherein
the tool has a bearing portion adjacent one extremity thereof
and said device is provided with elongated guide means
supported so as to remain stationary during cutting, said
guide means extending along the path of movement of said
extremity of the tool and wherein said bearing portion
engages said guide means to constrain said extremity to said
path of movement.
Subclass:
781
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
including means to sustain the work against gravity, and
means to permit re-orientation of the tool relative to said
support means.
Subclass:
782
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device in
which the tool is supported in such a manner that every point
along the cutting edge reciprocates arcuately about a single
stationary axis.
Subclass:
783
This subclass is indented under subclass 746. Device
provided with means engaging the tool at each of its
longitudinal extremities which means serve to sustain the
tool against gravity.
Subclass:
784
This subclass is indented under subclass 783. Device in
which energy to move the tool to-and-fro along its cutting
edge is furnished at each of its longitudinal extremities
either (a) simultaneously at each extremity or (b)
alternately, first at one extremity and then the other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
752 for stored energy drive in one direction of movement
only (e.g., spring return type).
Subclass:
785
This subclass is indented under subclass 784. Device in
which saidtool-moving energy is furnished by wrapping,
slipping, or passing a longitudinal extremity of the tool (or
a flexible member attached to said extremity) over a
wheel-like or circular member in such a manner that said
extremity or flexible member is temporarily deformed (under
the elastic limit) during tool movement.
Subclass:
786
This subclass is indented under subclass 784. Device in
which each of the longitudinal extremities of the tool is
connected to opposite ends of a substantially inflexible
unitary frame, which frame is moved to-and-fro in a direction
generally parallel to the cutting edge of the tool.
Subclass:
788
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
wherein the tool member comprises either a plurality of
cutter elements pivotally interconnected one with another
forming a closed loop, or a continuous strip of material
forming a closed loop and having a substantially continuous
cutting edge on at least one edge thereof, and wherein said
cutting loop is supported so as to be adapted to move around
the closed path defined by said loop during the cutting
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
871 for splitting by use of an endless band or chain knife.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 380 and 381+, respectively, for
hand-manipulable band saw and chain saw devices.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly 202 for a positive drive belt; and subclasses
237+ for a friction drive belt.
Subclass:
789
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
including means to cause the tool member to carry out a
predetermined sequence of operations or to cut a
predetermined configuration, in response to an indicia
carrying element, which element can be modified or
substituted prior to beginning operation of the machine.
(1) Note. Simple pattern-following devices are included
herein.
Subclass:
790
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
including a cutter of the class type that is not of the
endlessly orbiting type.
Subclass:
792
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
comprising two "cutting spans" in mutual contact over a
substantial extent of the closed loop path of a single tool
or of the paths of two adjacent tools, the spans moving in
directions counter to each other.
Subclass:
793
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device having
means by which an addition, removal or reassembly of one or
more of the parts of the device causes the device to become a
cutting apparatus of the class other than an endlessly
orbiting type cutter.
Subclass:
794
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
provided with means for moving or permitting movement of the
"cutting edge" in a plane in which the cutting span lies and
in a direction having a component perpendicular to the
"cutting edge" and toward and through the work.
(1) Note. The term "plane" as used in this definition, is a
generalized one, inasmuch as devices are in this and the
indented subclasses in which the cutting span moves in a
"plane" which is the surface of an imaginary cylinder.
Subclass:
795
This subclass is indented under subclass 794. Device in
which the cutter is mounted on a ground-traversing carriage
having wheels, skids, or crawler tracks for supporting the
weight of the apparatus for rendering its movement bodily
from one place to another expeditiously.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
928 for a cutting device of general utility mounted on a
ground traversing vehicle.
Subclass:
796
This subclass is indented under subclass 794. Device in
which the line representing the cutting span is moved or is
permitted to move in a manner such that all points on the
cutting span remain a fixed distance from a point.
Subclass:
797
This subclass is indented under subclass 796. Device wherein
means are provided to change the plane in which the cutting
span moves.
Subclass:
798
This subclass is indented under subclass 797. Device wherein
the plane in which the cutting span moves is changed by
rotating or swinging the cutter about a line lying in said
original plane.
Subclass:
799
This subclass is indented under subclass 794. Device
provided with means to permit the tool to be urged through
the work only by gravitational attraction.
Subclass:
800
This subclass is indented under subclass 799. Device
provided with means resisting the gravitational movement of
the tool through the work, the resisting means being
controlled by the valve-like effect of the flow of liquid or
gaseous material, which flow is caused by the movement of the
tool through the work.
Subclass:
801
This subclass is indented under subclass 794. Device wherein
the moving means is actuated by a device that converts energy
into motion.
Subclass:
802
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
including means to produce a perceptible visual manifestation
of a condition of a part of the machine, or of a position or
characteristic of the work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
522 for a device having a scale or indicator.
Subclass:
803
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device wherein
the cutting of work is accomplished by two or more cutting
spans.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
792 for two contiguous cutting spans moving in directions
counter to each other.
Subclass:
804
This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Device
including means associated with the tool at each cutting span
for varying the spacing between spans.
Subclass:
805
This subclass is indented under subclass 804. Device wherein
the space varying means is a member pivoted about a fulcrum.
Subclass:
806
This subclass is indented under subclass 804. Device wherein
the space varying means is a member having a helical rib
thereon that is mated with a second member so that relative
rotation between the members varies the spacing between
cutting spans.
Subclass:
807
This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Device in
which a projection of the path defined by the closed loop, on
a plane perpendicular to the axes of the pulleys (about which
the loop is wrapped), has the appearance of a closed loop
which crosses itself.
Subclass:
808
This subclass is indented under subclass 803. Device wherein
there are two or more band-knives having cutting spans.
Subclass:
809
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
including a work support surface and means to change the
positional relationship of the band knife or band knife
carrier relative to said surface.
Subclass:
810
This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Device
provided with means to permit angular re-orientation of the
cutting span plane relative to the work supporting surface
plane.
Subclass:
811
This subclass is indented under subclass 810. Device in
which the angular re-orientation of the cutting span is
changed by rotating the band carrier relative to the work
support surface.
Subclass:
812
This subclass is indented under subclass 811. Devices in
which the band carrier is rotated about the line of crossing
of the band-knife and the work support surface.
Subclass:
813
This subclass is indented under subclass 809. Device in
which positional relationship between the plane of the
cutting span and the plane of the work support surface is
changed such that the distance between the cutting span and
the work support surface is varied while maintaining the
spatial orientation between the cutting span and the support
surface.
Subclass:
814
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
provided with (a) means to adjust or increase the tension
stress to which the closed loop tool is subjected or (b)
means to prevent harm to the tool operator by undesired
contact with the tool or to prevent damage to the tool by
undesired contact with another machine part or work piece.
(1) Note. This subclass is the locus for devices with means
to intercept the band when it departs from its normal course
of travel to prevent the band from making undesired contact
with some other element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
544 for tool drive or guide means provided with guard
means.
581.1 for means to subject a tool to a force tending to
cause extension of the tool.
860 for a cutting machine frame provided with guard means.
Subclass:
815
This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Device
provided with a nondriving, tool-engaging, wheellike member,
drum, or toothed wheel and means to impede the normal
rotation of the member, drum, or wheel.
Subclass:
816
This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Device
provided with two or more tool-engaging, wheel-like members
and including means to adjust the relative spacing between
the axes of said members.
Subclass:
817
This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Device
including means to adjust the relative angle between said
axes.
Subclass:
818
This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Device wherein
a wheel-like member is continuously subjected to a force
tending to move its axis.
(1) Note. A weight acted on by gravity is considered to be
a biasing force.
Subclass:
819
This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Device wherein
the force tending to move the wheel-like member is a fluid or
gaseous means.
Subclass:
820
This subclass is indented under subclass 788. Device
provided with means to constrain the tool for motion in a
path defining a cutting stroke or cycle.
Subclass:
821
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Device having
means to constrain the motion of a tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
820 for a tool and guide means.
Subclass:
823
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Device in
which at least one of the tool constraining elements which
contacts the tool or tool support is mounted in such a manner
so as to be free to move with respect to another element or
with respect to the machine frame during the cutting
operation.
Subclass:
824
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Device in
which the tool-constraining means includes at least one
rotatable element (e.g., ball, roller, disc, etc.) which
contacts the tool or tool support to reduce the resistance to
motion of the tool, or in which at least a portion of the
surface of the tool-constraining means is made of a material
having friction-reducing characteristic (e.g., Teflon).
Subclass:
825
This subclass is indented under subclass 824. Device in
which the rotatable element is a wheel-like member and
includes, in addition to its cylindrical surface, at least
one additional cylindrical planar or conical, circumferential
surface which also contacts the tool so as to render said
element capable of limiting tool movement in more than one
direction.
Subclass:
826
This subclass is indented under subclass 824. Device in
which the rotatable element is a wheel-like member having at
least one planar or conical surface which contacts the tool
or tool support, which element has an axis of rotation
perpendicular to the planar surface or coextensive with the
axis of the conical surface.
Subclass:
827
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Device in
which the tool constraining means includes two or more
elements spaced apart for passage of the tool or tool support
therebetween, wherein means are provided for permitting at
least one of said elements to be moved in a direction
substantially toward or away from the opposed element.
Subclass:
828
This subclass is indented under subclass 827. Device wherein
the movement of one of said elements is along a straight
line.
Subclass:
829
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Device in
which all tool contacting elements of the tool-constraining
means may be moved (or relocated) in unison with respect to a
discrete portion of the apparatus designed to remain
stationary during cutting, e.g. machine frame.
Subclass:
830
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
comprising (a) a plurality of serially-connected cutting
elements joined in a manner which permits each element to
have movement relative to all other of said elements or (b) a
cutting element for use in (a).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
788 for a cutting device which employs an endless band or
chain knife.
Subclass:
831
This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Device wherein
means are provided to permit the individual cutting elements
to be nondestructively disconnected from the assemblage.
Subclass:
832
This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Device
comprising a plurality of cutting elements of differing size
or configuration.
(1) Note. "Diverse cutter elements" does not include
allochiral cutting teeth, unless combined with a tooth or
element of another type.
(2) Note. "Raker teeth" are considered to be cutting
elements.
Subclass:
833
This subclass is indented under subclass 832. Device
including means to limit the penetration of the cutting
elements into the work.
Subclass:
834
This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Device
including means to limit the penetration of the cutting
elements into the work.
Subclass:
835
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device
comprising (a) a member having a pair of relatively closely
spaced, generally oppositely facing surfaces joined by a
relatively narrow marginal surface and a cutter assemblage
mounted or formed on said marginal surface throughout a
substantial portion of its longitudinal extent, said cutter
assemblage comprising a plurality of seriately arranged
cutter elements each having a cutter edge; said device being
used to produce a line of cut by movement along the
longitudinal extent of said marginal surface, or (b) a cutter
element or cutter assemblage disclosed for use in (a).
Subclass:
836
Device under 835 provided with means permitting the location
of a cutter element to be changed relative to the member.
Subclass:
837
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device
provided with means, in addition to the seriately arranged
cutter elements, which means performs another operation of
the class type upon the work.
(1) Note. In determining whether the cutting means is
additional to, or part of the seriately arranged elements;
the test is whether the cutting means extends to the margin
of the blade; if it does it is not an additional element, but
a part of the seriately arranged elements.
Subclass:
838
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device
comprising two or more parts adapted to be nondestructively
disconnected from each other.
Subclass:
839
This subclass is indented under subclass 838. Device in
which an individual cutter element is adapted to be
disconnected from the marginal surface.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
838 for a device wherein the entire cutting edge is
removable from the blade in a unitary piece, or a device
wherein the tool is formed from a plurality of multi-toothed
sections.
Subclass:
840
This subclass is indented under subclass 839. Device having
securing means which engages both said cutter element and
said member, serving to fasten them together, and is
separable from both the cutter element and the member to
which the cutter element is attached.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
698.11 for joints and connections of general utility in
cutting devices.
845 for teeth which have a spring formed from the same
material as the tooth itself.
Subclass:
841
This subclass is indented under subclass 840. Device in
which the securing means is moved in a plane perpendicular to
the generally oppositely facing surfaces to connect or
disconnect the cutter element from the marginal surfaces.
Subclass:
842
This subclass is indented under subclass 840. Device in
which the securing means is rotatively moved to connect or
disconnect the cutting element from the marginal surface.
Subclass:
843
This subclass is indented under subclass 842. Device in
which separate means is provided to positively engage the
securing means and prevent undesired movement thereof.
Subclass:
844
This subclass is indented under subclass 840. Device in
which the securing means is moved in a straight line to
connect or disconnect the cutting element from the marginal
surface.
Subclass:
845
This subclass is indented under subclass 839. Device wherein
the cutter element is connected or disconnected by changing
its shape or shape of the member to which it is connected.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
839 for a device in which the tooth is connected to the
blade by an independent spring element.
Subclass:
846
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device in
which; (a) the configuration or size of the individual cutter
elements, or (b) the distance between adjacent cutter
elements, changes gradually and constantly throughout a
substantial portion of the longitudinal extent of the cutter
assemblage.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
847 for a series of teeth positioned in a wave-form
pattern.
851 for a series of teeth of nonuniform variation.
Subclass:
847
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device wherein
the cutter elements are positioned or sized such that a
projection of the points of the cutter elements most remote
from the marginal face onto a plane parallel to one of the
oppositely facing surfaces of the device produces a series of
points lying in a curvilinear, wavelike path.
Subclass:
848
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device in
which a cutter assemblage comprises two or more sets of
cutter elements, each set consisting of a plurality of
equally-spaced cutter elements identical in size and
configuration to one another.
(1) Note. Cutting elements which are alike in all
particulars, but are mirror images of one another are
considered as being of "identical size and configuration".
Subclass:
849
This subclass is indented under subclass 848. Device wherein
at least one of the sets consists of cutter elements having
cutting edges inclined relative to the oppositely facing
surfaces and lying in a plane which is perpendicular to the
oppositely facing surfaces and parallel to the intended
direction of movement.
Subclass:
850
This subclass is indented under subclass 848. Device wherein
at least some of the sets are separated by a cutter element
whose cutting edge is inclined relatively to the oppositely
facing surfaces and lies in a plane which is perpendicular to
the oppositely facing surfaces and parallel to the direction
of intended movement.
Subclass:
851
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device wherein
each cutter element of the cutter assemblage is of a size or
configuration different than the next adjacent cutter
element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
846 for similar devices wherein the variation of the teeth
varies uniformly.
Subclass:
852
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device wherein
each cutter element of the assemblage is reversely congruent
(i.e., mirror-image-like) relative to the next adjacent
cutter element.
Subclass:
853
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device in
which a projection upon a plane perpendicular to the
oppositely facing surfaces of a substantial extent of the
cutting edge of a tooth is a continuous line.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
830 for a chain saw teeth having a similar occurrence of
transversely curved cutting edge.
Subclass:
854
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device in
which the cutter elements have a substantial length of
cutting edge lying in a plane, all points of which are
equidistant from one of the oppositely facing surfaces of the
blade.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
837 for a device in which a side-mounted cutter element has
a cutting edge extending parallel to the blade, e.g., "planar
cutters".
Subclass:
855
This subclass is indented under subclass 835. Device wherein
the cutter element has a cutting edge, a substantial portion
of which lies in a straight line which intersects the
oppositely facing surface at an angle of 90 deg..
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
849 for a device having a plurality of such teeth positioned
in groups of two or more.
Subclass:
856
This subclass is indented under subclass 651. Device wherein
the tool has no motion of its own during its cutting
operation.
Subclass:
857
This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Device having
one cutting edge in each of two intersecting planes or
coplanar edges which intersect; e.g., scissors-type cutting
edges, or co-planar edges with tangents which intersect.
Subclass:
858
This subclass is indented under subclass 856. Device having
two or more cutting edges which extend in nonintersecting
planes.
Subclass:
859
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device
including a structural unit or housing which provides an
environment for a cutting tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 455 for similar machine frames for
metal deforming machines.
248, Supports, appropriate subclass for other machine frame
structures.
Subclass:
860
This subclass is indented under subclass 859. Device wherein
a portion of the housing serves to prevent harm to the
machine operator or damage to the cutting tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
397 for interrelated tool actuating means and guard moving
means.
440.2 for guards functioning as a work guide.
478 for a rotatable disc tool or tool and carrier having a
guard associated therewith.
544 for a driven tool and guard therefore.
Subclass:
861
OTHER THAN COMPLETELY THROUGH WORK THICKNESS OR THROUGH WORK
PRESENTED:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Method
or apparatus utilizing a tool which: (a) is disclosed as
limited to engage operatively only one of the nonthickness
work surfaces (and which may or may not engage operatively a
thickness work surface), or (b) has operative (i.e., cutting)
engagement with only a thickness face and which is
constrained to an operative path lying between the
nonthickness faces, or (c) has a tool stroke* in a single
rectilinear path, which stroke fails to completely cut all
the work lying before it in the direction of its cutting path
(even though the resulting line of cut may extend entirely
through the thickness of the work).
(1) Note. A thickness surface is one along which the "work
thickness" may be measured. See the illustration below.
[figure] [caption]"Nonthickness Surface"; "Thickness
Surface"; "Work Thickness Dimension"
(2) Note. For a patent to be placed originally in this or
indented subclasses, it is not required that the contemplated
type of cutting be distinctly claimed. It is sufficient that
the claimed means be disclosed as functioning within the
limitations above defined.
(3) Note. Where the tool operates to produce a mere
indentation or distortion of surface material (i.e., without
severing the work surface fibers), as for instance, by
creasing, forging, or metal rolling, or combines cutting with
a significant material flow, as for instance in sheet forming
and in plastic working, then the patent for such defined
subject matter is excluded from this class and will be
classified in other classes according to material worked on,
type of operation performed, or machine disclosed.
(4) Note. Where the disclosed apparatus is directed to
subject matter as above defined but the claimed recitation is
limited to a cutter, per se, then the patent for such is
originally placed in a subclass of tools, per se (651+).
(5) Note. Where a tool element penetrates partially through
the thickness of a workpiece and thereafter continues to
coact with an opposed tool element, which opposed tool
element completes the severance of the workpiece in the
cutting plane extended of the first tool, then the combined
cut through the work is considered the same as the product of
a single coacting tool pair and the patent directed to such
subject matter is excluded from this subclass and those
indented thereunder and will be found elsewhere in the
schedule. However, if the first said tool is withdrawn from
the workpiece before the complete severance occurs (i.e., no
coaction occurs between said elements) then the first tool
element is considered to be a scorer means and the opposed
tool element a through cutter, and a patent disclosing same
is placed as an original copy in this or indented
subclasses.
(6) Note. The main body of the class (subclasses 13+)
always should be included in the search for a particular
process, or apparatus, for cutting partially through the
thickness of the work, which process or apparatus
additionally may be applied to cutting entirely through the
work thickness.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, appropriate subclasses for combined
operations in making footwear including cutting other than
through the thickness of the material; Class 101, Printing, 3
for related art in specific manufactures.
69, Leather Manufactures, for cutting and/or scoring method
or means relating to specific manufactures, particularly 9
and 21.5 the generic loci of patents directed to apparatus
and process, respectively, for splitting or skiving of
leather.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate die-pressing subclasses;
e.g., 343 for channeling, grooving, or partially penetrating
with a punchlike tool
101, Printing, 3.1 for related art in printing.
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other
Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, appropriate subclasses for
combined operations in making a product from a sheet or web
including cutting other than through the thickness of the
material.
Subclass:
862
Combined types of cutting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus including a first cutting action combined with a
second cutting action under the class definition wherein the
first cutting action is separately classified from the second
cutting action.
Subclass:
863
Including use of rotary scoring blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 862. Method or
apparatus including use of a tool turning about an axis to
incise work (without removing material) by either (a)
penetration of a nonthickness surface, but to a depth
insufficient to reach an opposite nonthickness surface, or
(b) penetration of a thickness surface only to a depth
insufficient to produce a lamina.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
886 for scoring, per se, by a rotary blade.
Subclass:
864
Plural independent rotary scoring blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 863. Method or
apparatus comprising use of a first cutting tool that is
generally planar and circular in shape, adapted to rotate
about an axis normal to the planar surface of the tool during
cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally about
the circular perimeter; and use of a second cutting tool that
is also generally planar and circular in shape, adapted to
rotate about an axis normal to the planar surface thereof
during cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally
about the circular perimeter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
884 for apparatus including plural rotary scoring tools not
in combination with additional cutting means.
Subclass:
865
With infeeding of work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 862. Method or
apparatus including the step of or means for causing the
workpiece to move toward a tool to effect cutting of the
workpiece.
Subclass:
866
Pricking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus wherein the tool utilized is pointed and functions
to pierce (without removing material) a single work surface
only, thus, forming a crater which generally conforms to the
shape of the tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 17 and 42 for a sole or
heel pricking device in a shoe making machine.
Subclass:
867
Including use of orbiting tool carrier:
This subclass is indented under subclass 866. Method or
apparatus including use of structure to support the cutting
tool against gravity and carry that tool in a fixed path that
describes an endless loop.
Subclass:
868
With infeeding of tool:
This subclass is indented under subclass 866. Method or
apparatus including the step of or means for causing the tool
to move toward a workpiece to effect the cutting of the
workpiece.
Subclass:
869
Edge trimming (e.g., chamfering, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus wherein the tool utilized functions to remove a
portion of work defined by the junction areas of a thickness
and a nonthickness face.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass is a patent for a
process or apparatus for merely slitting such a junction
area, as the operation of slitting itself is not considered
to entail removal of a work portion. However, a patent may
properly be placed herein where a plurality of slitters coact
to remove a portion of edge material.
(2) Note. In general, the patent of this subclass discloses
removal of a work portion planarly by a single tool. However,
a patent directed to the formation of an edge furrow or
channel, by either a single tool or multiple tools, would be
admitted to this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
875 for a groover, broadly.
879 for a slitter, broadly.
Subclass:
870
Splitting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus wherein the tool utilized functions to penetrate a
thickness work surface only and is constrained in its cutting
stroke, or in its movement relative to the work to a path
lying between the nonthickness work surfaces so as to define
product laminae.
(1) Note. It is not required that the tool proceed
completely through the work, i.e., width and/or longitudinal
extent. The requirement that laminae be produced is
significant.
(2) Note. The definition of the term "splitting" may be
different in other arts; see, for instance, that relied on in
Class 69, Leather Manufactures, subclass 9 wherein a cutting
path parallel to the work surfaces is required.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
879 for a cutting tool which enters a thickness face but
fails to produce a lamina, as by merely cutting a groove.
Subclass:
871
By use of endless band or chain knife:
This subclass is indented under subclass 870. Process or
apparatus comprising use of (a) a cutting tool that is made
of a continuous strip of material forming a closed loop and
having a substantially continuous cutting edge on at least
one edge thereof wherein said continuous strip cutting tool
is supported to move along a closed path defined by said loop
during cutting to present a different portion of the cutting
edge to the workpiece without affecting the overall
relationship of the cutting tool and the workpiece; or (b) a
series of pivotally interconnected, sequentially acting
cutting tools, each including a cutting edge arranged in a
closed loop so that each of the tools follows a preceding
cutting tool to cut in the manner of a continuous strip
cutting tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
788 for means for cutting, generally, by an endless or chain
knife.
872 for similar cutting by a circular blade having a
continuous cutting edge.
Subclass:
872
By use of rotary blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 870. Method or
apparatus comprising use of a cutting tool that is generally
planar and circular in shape, adapted to rotate about an axis
normal to the planar surface of the cutting tool during
cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally about
the circular perimeter.
Subclass:
873
Plural independent rotary blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 872. Method or
apparatus comprising use of a first cutting tool that is
generally planar and circular in shape, adapted to rotate
about an axis normal to the planar surface of the tool during
cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally about
the circular perimeter; and use of a second cutting tool that
is also generally planar and circular in shape, adapted to
rotate about an axis normal to the planar surface thereof
during cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally
about the circular perimeter.
Subclass:
874
With infeeding of work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 870. Method or
apparatus including the step of or means for causing the
workpiece to move toward a tool to effect cutting of the
workpiece.
Subclass:
875
Grooving:
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus including use of a tool comprising: (a) a unitary
member which includes a gouge element, the member adapted to
remove a section of the workpiece to define a furrow or
channel; or (b) coacting slitter elements (with or without a
cooperating gouge means) which coact to remove material and
leave a channel as above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
869 for grooving to trim an edge of a workpiece.
917 for a notching device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 288 for a grooving
device and see the note in this class (83) under the class
definition, section II, Lines With Other Classes, subsection
A, paragraph 9, f.
Subclass:
876
This subclass is indented under subclass 875. By use of
plural independent rotary blades: Method or apparatus
comprising use of a first cutting tool that is generally
planar and circular in shape, adapted to rotate about an axis
normal to the planar surface of the tool during cutting,
including a cutting edge extending generally about the
circular perimeter; and use of a second cutting tool that is
also generally planar and circular in shape, adapted to
rotate about an axis normal to the planar surface thereof
during cutting, including a cutting edge extending generally
about the circular perimeter.
Subclass:
877
Forming common groove:
This subclass is indented under subclass 876. Method or
apparatus wherein the first cutting tool serves to form a
portion of the groove, the second cutting tool serves to form
a portion of the same groove, either simultaneously or
sequentially.
Subclass:
878
Blades turning about perpendicular axes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 876. Method or
apparatus wherein the axes about which the cutting tools turn
are normal to each other when viewed along the direction of
relative infeed of the cutting tool and the workpiece.
Subclass:
879
Scoring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 861. Method or
apparatus including use of a tool to incise work (without
removing material) by either (a) penetration of a
nonthickness surface, but to a depth insufficient to reach an
opposite nonthickness surface, or (b) penetration of a
thickness surface only to a depth insufficient to produce a
lamina.
(1) Note. Annually scoring of a workpiece preparatory to
breaking a hole therethrough is included in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 164.9 for a hand tool or a work supported tool
for scoring (or marking) material.
33, Geometrical Instruments, 18.1 for mechanically guided
relatively travelling means to mark work in a predetermined
pattern, including scratching or scoring, said subclasses
have not been screened for patents fitting the definition of
this subclass.
125, Stone Working, appropriate subclass for a scoring device
disclosed as being adapted to mark natural material in or
removed from the ground.
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, 96 for an implement or
machine for preliminarily weakening (as by scoring) and
subsequently breaking a workpiece.
451, Abrading, for a scoring device wherein marking is done
by the abrasive action of a natural cutting media (e.g., by
the action of a nonartificially formed diamond tipped tool).
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other
Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, 396 for "scoring" of a
sheet or web by deforming rather than by cutting.
Subclass:
880
Processes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 879. Method of
scoring.
Subclass:
881
Active means to control depth of score:
This subclass is indented under subclass 879. Apparatus
wherein means are actuated to coact with such tool to limit
the extend of penetration thereof.
(1) Note. The term "actuated means", contemplates and
requires more than a merely adjustable and otherwise fixed
member.
Subclass:
882
Serially:
This subclass is indented under subclass 879. Apparatus
wherein means are provided to score sequentially, a single
workpiece, by either the same or multiple tools.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
881 for repetitive and alternative cutting and scoring by
the same tool.
Subclass:
883
Plural independent scoring blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 879. Apparatus
including a first incising tool and a second, separately
supported, incising tool.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
869 and 875+, for grooving by coacting plural tools.
882 for plural scorers operated sequentially.
Subclass:
884
Rotary scoring blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 883. Apparatus
comprising a first cutting tool that is generally planar and
circular in shape, adapted to rotate about an axis normal to
the planar surface of the tool during cutting, including a
cutting edge extending generally about the circular
perimeter; and a second cutting tool that is also generally
planar and circular in shape, adapted to rotate about an axis
normal to the planar surface thereof during cutting,
including a cutting edge extending generally about the
circular perimeter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
864 for the method or apparatus for cutting by plural rotary
cutting tools combined with additional cutting of a different
type.
Subclass:
885
On opposite sides of work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 884. Apparatus
wherein the first cutting tool serves to incise a first
surface of the workpiece and the second cutting tool serves
to incise the workpiece from the surface thereof that is
directly across the workpiece from the first surface, so that
the cutting action of the first tool approaches the second
tool and the cutting action of the second tool approaches the
first tool.
Subclass:
886
Rotary scoring blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 879. Apparatus
wherein the incising tool is adapted to turn about an axis
during the cutting operation.
Subclass:
887
With means to rotate blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 886. Apparatus
including means other than the workpiece to engage the
cutting tool and cause the tool to rotate.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses are collections of published
disclosures pertaining to various specified aspects of the
cutting art which aspects do not form appropriate bases for
subclasses in the foregoing classification (i.e., subclasses
superior hereto in the schedule), wherein original copies of
patents are placed on the basis of proximate function of the
apparatus. These subclasses assist a search based on remote
function of the apparatus and may be of further assistance to
the searcher, either as a starting point in searching this
class or as an indication of further related fields of search
inside or outside the class. Thus, there is here provided a
second access for retrieval of a limited number of types of
disclosures.
(1) Note. Disclosures are placed in these subclasses for
their value as references and as leads to appropriate main or
secondary fields of search, without regard to their original
classification or their claimed subject matter.
(2) Note. The disclosures found in the following subclasses
are examples, only, of the indicated subject matter, and in
no instance do they represent the entire extent of the prior
art.
Subclass:
901
Cutting blanks from web material for use as collars.
Subclass:
902
A cutting device mounted on and driven by or in timed
relation to a machine which is not of the cutting type.
(1) Note. A disclosure of an attachment for cutting up
waste product from a cutting machine is found in subclass
923. The attachments disclosed in publications of this
subclass (902) serve other purposes, such as performing a
cutting operation on work before, during, or subsequent to
its processing in the principal machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
923 for waste product cutting; and see (1) Note, above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
112, Sewing, 122, for a trimmer combined with a sewing
machine; and subclasses 285-301, for a thread cutter combined
with a sewing machine.
Subclass:
903
Severing excess material (flash, etc.) from a cast grid for a
storage battery, usually in one operation by appropriately
formed shearing dies.
(1) Note. Battery grid trimming is usually a typical
die-cutting operation, characterized by special facilities
for handling the work and product rapidly and efficiently by
making use of projecting lugs on the double-grid castings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
268 for disclosures of machine in which work slides by
gravity against a gauge or stop in the tool zone.
914 for flash trimming in general.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 2, for battery grid making.
Subclass:
904
Cutting a thumb index notch or overlapping cutout portions of
different extents in the edges of book pages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
917 for notching in general.
Subclass:
905
Cutting a closed-end slit or slot in flexible material for
use as a button hole.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
112, Sewing, 65 for buttonhole making in general.
Subclass:
906
Cutting solid material into shreds, flakes, pellets, or dice
of fairly uniform shape and size.
(1) Note. This process is often termed "pelletizing".
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 4.51 for shredding metal; e.g., metal
wool making.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,
appropriate subclasses, for comminution in general.
Subclass:
907
Severing wire while it is in the form of a substantially
helical coil; e.g., cutting coil springs to length.
(1) Note. The peculiar problems involved in feeding,
gauging, holding, and cutting the wire in coiled form tend to
impart special characteristics to these machines not found in
straight wire cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
140, Wireworking, appropriate subclasses, for cutting coiled
wire combined with other article-manufacturing step(s).
Subclass:
908
Producing an article having salient portions, by cutting away
the waste portions therebetween.
(1) Note. The articles are often produced in pairs, the
waste from one article being left intact to constitute the
salient portions of the other article.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses, for manufacture of
toothed metallic articles.
76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making, appropriate
subclasses, for saw blade making.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 1 for gear cutting,
generally.
Subclass:
909
Severing a filament (thread, wire, etc.) which projects from
or is attached to an article.
(1) Note. Device disclosed as cutting thread to strip a
bobbin is found in Class 28, Textiles: Manufacturing
subclass 295.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses, for a thread or string
cutter.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 487.1 for a disclosure
of cutting a strand following the operation of winding it on
a holder.
445, Electric Lamp or Space Discharge Component or Device
Manufacturing, 23 for a disclosure of severing surplus lead
wire from the base of a lamp bulb or discharge tube, combined
with other operation(s).
Subclass:
910
Severing surplus base fabric extending beyond the limits or
contour of an embroidered design.
(1) Note. This operation is analogous to flash trimming,
for which search subclass 914, but is often accomplished by
incidental distortion of the material, a feature not found in
trimming solid objects such as rubber heels.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
914 for flash trimming, generally.
Subclass:
911
Performing die cutting, or a succession of cutting and
notching operations, to produce a flat piece of paper of
suitable contour for later folding and gluing into envelope
form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 and 303, for an envelope blank cutter of the flying
type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other
Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, 186 for an envelope
machine in general.
Subclass:
912
Cutting through an envelope adjacent one edge thereof so as
to gain access to its contents without damaging them.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
418 for an envelope opener provided with a work locator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses, for an envelope opening
device with movable cutting blade.
Subclass:
913
Cutting a continuous filament or rope of filaments into
predetermined short lengths (preparatory to spinning into
yarn, or other textile operation).
(1) Note. The staple length may be constant; or the machine
may be designed to produce periodically fluctuating lengths,
or graduated lengths within a predetermined range.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
403 for a Beria-type cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, .3 for continuous
"tow-to-top" stabilizing method or means; or for staple fiber
producing method or means combined with a mechanical textile
process or apparatus.
Subclass:
914
Severing the flash, fin, sprue or other excess material from
a cast, forged or molded article.
(1) Note. The flash trimming operation may be carried out
by "recutting" the article in a finishing die; or the article
may be manipulated or moved in proximity to a relatively
small cutting tool equipped with a work guide to protect the
finished edge of the work (for which, see subclass 445).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making, subclass 29 for
means for trimming flash from a chain link.
Subclass:
915
Severing animal pelts.
(1) Note. Fur cutters often are characterized by the
provision of special work-holding means, such as impaling or
gripping pins, and devices to hold the hair out of the path
of the moving tool. Frequently, the cut is made along a
zigzag line (see subclass 918, pinking).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 for a pinking wheel.
374 and 451+, for work-immobilizer other than a clamp (e.g.,
impaling pin(s), or suction gripper).
918 for pinking in general, and see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
69, Leather Manufactures, appropriate subclasses, for a fur
working method or apparatus, in general.
Subclass:
915.3
Machines for cutting larger masses of ice into smaller blocks
or cubes.
Subclass:
915.5
Cutting thin sections, usually of organic tissue, for
microscopic examination.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
170 for a device having means to modify the temperature of a
part of the device or the work.
401 for a device having means to move the work to and/or
against the tool.
409 for a device having means to hold the work on a work
carrier which moves the work to and/or against the tool.
699.51 for a device having means to adjustably hold the
tool.
Subclass:
916
Severing work along a desired line of cut by means of
successive overlapping notches with relative movement between
the work and tool between each notching cut.
(1) Note. Work may be severed along a desired line of cut
by means of overlapping slitting cuts, without removal of
material. Disclosures of machines for doing work of this
slitting type may be found, together with nibbling machines,
in subclass 237.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
237 and 249, for nibbling machine of the subclass 202 type.
556 for tool positioning means synchronized with cutting
stroke (such tool may make overlapping cuts on stationary
workpiece).
565 for template-surface-following tool.
917 and associated search notes, for notching.
Subclass:
917
Cutting one or more products from one edge of a workpiece,
leaving portions of the original edge intact.
(1) Note. A notch is a nonlinear cut through the thickness
of a workpiece, extending inwardly from one edge of the
workpiece and returning to the same edge.
(2) Note. The notch may be cut in an exterior or an
interior edge of work.
(3) Note. The severing of work along a desired line of cut
by a succession of overlapping notches is called "nibbling",
for which see subclass 916 of this class; or, if done in the
form of a nonlinear repetitive pattern which leaves none of
the original edge intact, is called "pinking" or
"scalloping", for which see subclass 918.
(4) Note. Key cutters (notchers) are found here, rather
than in subclass 908.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
651 for a notching tool, per se.
904 908, 916, 918, for other disclosures of notching or
similar operations.
911 for notching associated with envelope blank forming.
926 for fringing or slashing (no product removed), or corner
cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, for a notching implement.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), 47, for a selective
card-notching device.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 1 for gear cutting,
generally.
Subclass:
918
Severing work into two products by a nonlinear, generally
zigzag, repetitive pattern cut upon a portion of the work
other than its edge.
(1) Note. This subclass includes scalloping, and is not
restricted to cutting any particular work (such as textile
fabric).
(2) Note. See (3) Note, in subclass 917, supra. Pinking
does not include the severance, from an edge of the work, of
one or more generally triangular pieces so as to leave a
recognizable part of the original edge.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 for a pinking wheel.
904 915, 917, for a notching operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, for a pinking implement (shears).
Subclass:
919
Cutting a small piece, or sample, from a workpiece which may
be stationary, in motion, or undergoing treatment in some
stage of a manufacturing process.
(1) Note. Some cutting machines are capable of taking
samples by modification of their normal cutting cycle, when
desired, by intervention of the operator. (See subclass
57).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for cyclic operation disturbed by manually actuated
means; and see (1) Note, above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 421 for a sampler or toller in
general.
Subclass:
920
Cutting roofing shingles from a web of composition material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 and 303, for flying-type shingle cutter.
704 for a wood-shingle cutting device wherein the work is
moved in two directions along a path parallel in to the plane
of cut and in a direction transverse to the plane of cut.
Subclass:
921
Means for cutting continuous slide fastener stock to desired
length and/or gapping the product, i.e., cutting away the
lugs or stringer scoops in certain areas.
(1) Note. Gapping is the removal of lugs or fastener
elements from the tape throughout a desired area, to
facilitate subsequent sewing of the tape to fabric or
articles of clothing. It is usually accomplished by shearing
through the lugs and brushing the remnants loose from the
tape.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 33.2 and 408+, for slide
fastener manufacturing.
Subclass:
922
Cutting of sticky or tacky material, usually in tape form.
(1) Note. The web-contacting parts of a tacky web handling
machine are usually of special design to facilitate passage
of the web through the machine, without sticking or jamming
or the accumulation of adhesive on the machine parts.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for method of handling a tacky product after cutting.
276 for a work-feed element which contacts and moves with
work (which work may comprise tacky tape).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, appropriate subclasses,
particularly subclass 24, 25 and 57, for a device for
severing a tacky tape by tearing or breaking.
Subclass:
923
Cutting up the scrap or undesired portion of the product of a
cutting or other treating machine as to facilitate its
storage or disposal.
(1) Note. The scrap cutter may consist of a more or less
complete cutting machine attached to and driven with or by
the principal machine, or it may be merely one or more
cutting elements added to an actuated tool of the machine, to
cut up the scrap simultaneously with formation of the desired
product.
(2) Note. The term "waste product" refers to a by-product
in process of being turned out by a treating machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
906 for a disclosure relating to chip or particle making.
Subclass:
924
Cutting work presented in the form of a coil, coating, or
layer surrounding a central element which is to be left
uncut.
(1) Note. Examples: wire insulation stripper, cable sheath
cutter, means to cut wire hood holder on milk bottle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
909 for cutting a strand extending from a package or
support.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
28, Textiles: Manufacturing, 292 for bobbin strippers, in
general.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, appropriate subclasses,
for winding and cutting the so wound material.
Subclass:
927
Device for cutting, scoring, or grooving a printer's rule in
the manufacture thereof.
Subclass:
928
A cutting tool carrier which is supported on a conveyance
which is driven or traversed over the ground or other
horizontal surface to the location where the tool is to be
used.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 379 for a vehicle mounted saw wherein
the saw support and vehicle are moved together randomly with
respect to work during cutting; and subclass 379.5 for a
vehicle mounted saw wherein the saw support structure moves
relatively to the vehicle and randomly relatively to the work
during cutting.
144, Woodworking, 34.1 for cutting structure that is vehicle
mounted and is combined with means such as a tree pusher to
assist the cutter operation in tree felling.
Subclass:
929
PARTICULAR NATURE OF WORK OR PRODUCT:
Performing a cutting operation (1) on work which possesses
unusual or unique characteristic, or (2) producing a product
having an unusual or unique characteristic.
(1) Note. A disclosure may be placed in this subclass
because of: (a) an unusual feature of the machine adapting
it to handle a particular kind of work, or (b) unusual or
particular work, per se, (e.g., a germanium wafer for
transistor manufacture, or a banknote voided by a cutting
action).
Subclass:
929.1
Printed circuit board:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. A collection
of art relating to cutting or punching of a generally planar
sheet on which an integral electrical conductor has been, or
is intended to be, provided.
Subclass:
929.2
Electrical component lead trimming:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. A collection
of art relating to cutting an external conductor of an
electrical circuit element (e.g., a resistor, a capacitor, a
transistor, etc.).
Subclass:
930
Radioactive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work or product radiates alpha
or beta particles.
(1) Note. The material of this subclass commonly comprises
spent nuclear fuel rods.
Subclass:
931
Tobacco:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work or product is tobacco or
tobaccolike material.
Subclass:
932
Edible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work or product is suitable
for consumption by a man or an animal.
(1) Note. Chewing gum is considered to be "edible".
Subclass:
933
Book, being destroyed; e.g., cover being cut away:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work is an assembly of sheets
of paper and is reduced by the cutting operation to a
different form.
Subclass:
934
Book, being made; e.g., trimming a signature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work comprises sheets of paper
being cut, as part of assembling or otherwise forming an
assembly of the sheets for subsequent viewing.
(1) Note. Cutting performed during rebinding a book is
included herein.
Subclass:
935
Endless band:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation, wherein the work or product is doubled
back on itself so that it has no beginning and no end.
(1) Note. The work may comprise a tube which is cut
perpendicularly to its axial extent to form an endless band.
Subclass:
936
Cloth or leather:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work or product is woven from
strands or is made of cured animal skin.
(1) Note. Cutting a shoe heel, sole or upper is included in
this art collection and those indented hereunder, even if the
heel, sole or upper is made of material other than cloth or
leather.
Subclass:
937
From continuous or wound supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 936. Performing a
cutting operation including means to supply work such that
there is no recognized terminal end of the work; or including
means to advance the lead end of a coil of work.
Subclass:
938
Moving cloth or leather:
This subclass is indented under subclass 936. Performing a
cutting operation including provision to allow movement of
the work during the cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
952 for similar structure, wherein the work is not
restricted to cloth or leather.
Subclass:
939
With work support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 936. Performing a
cutting operation including means to hold the work against
the force of gravity during the cutting operation.
(1) Note. Cutting a shoe heel, sole or upper is included in
this art collection and those indented hereunder, even if the
heel, sole or upper is made of material other than cloth or
leather.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
953 for similar art collection wherein the work is not
limited to cloth or leather.
Subclass:
940
Cutter moves along bar, bar moves perpendicularly:
This subclass is indented under subclass 939. Performing a
cutting operation including an elongated member to support
the cutting tool with provision to allow movement of the
cutting tool there along, and including means to support the
elongated member with provision to allow movement of the
elongated member at a right angle with respect to its
elongated extent.
Subclass:
941
Work support comprising penetratable bed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 940. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the means to hold the work against
the force of gravity is made of material that can be readily
entered by the cutting tool, without damage to that
material.
Subclass:
942
Contact pin of electrical component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the material being cut comprises an
assembly for transmission and utilization of electrical
energy which assembly has an elongated connection terminal
which is trimmed.
Subclass:
943
Pallet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the material being cut comprises an
assembly made for support of material above a subordinate
supporting surface, the cutting operation comprising severing
one component of the assembly from another.
Subclass:
944
Syringe needle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work comprises a tubular rod
previously intended for penetration of skin to transmit fluid
there beneath.
Subclass:
945
Separating connected articles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work comprises a web carrying a
series of distinct elements (usually similar elements)
comprising cutting the web to allow one of the elements to be
moved away from another.
Subclass:
946
Container:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work or product includes a
chamber intended for storage of material.
(1) Note. A land or water vessel, or building is not
considered to be a container for placement herein.
Subclass:
947
Insulation about wire:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work comprises a nonconductive
sheath encasing a conductive strand comprising cutting the
sheath without cutting the strand.
Subclass:
948
Having "memory"; e.g., photos:graphic or magnetic film:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work or product is intended to
be coated or otherwise modified to store information
thereon.
Subclass:
949
Continuous or wound supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation including means to supply work such that
there is no recognized terminal end of the work, or including
means to advance the lead end of a coil of work.
Subclass:
950
Strandlike:
This subclass is indented under subclass 949. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work or product is generally
elongated and round in cross-section.
Subclass:
951
Rubber tire:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation wherein the work comprises an annular
polymeric member for fitting about a wheel and carrying a
load.
Subclass:
952
Moving work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation including provision to allow movement of
the material being cut during the cutting operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
938 for a similar collection wherein the material is cloth
or leather.
Subclass:
953
With work support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 929. Performing a
cutting operation including means to hold the material being
cut against the force of gravity during the cutting
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
939 for similar art collection wherein the work material is
cloth or leather.
Subclass:
954
KNIFE CHANGING:
Performing a cutting operation including provision to allow
replacement of the component having a sharp cutting edge.
Subclass:
955
CUTTER EDGE SHIFTABLE TO PRESENT DIFFERENT PORTION OF EDGE:
Performing a cutting operation including provision to allow
repositioning of the component having a sharp cutting edge to
utilize a previously unused portion thereof.
Subclass:
956
ULTRASONIC:
A collection of art relating to cutting by use of high
frequency energy.
(1) Note. These frequencies are generally considered to be
greater than the highest frequency discernible to the human
ear.
FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS
The definitions for FOR 100 - FOR 102 below correspond to the
definitions of the abolished subclasses under Class 83 from
which these collections were formed. See the Foreign Art
Collection schedule for specific correspondences. {Note: the
titles and definitions for indented art collections include
all the details of the one(s) that are hierarchically
superior.}
Subclass: FOR 100
Foreign art collection wherein the work moving means is of
rigid construction and is adapted to support the work against
gravity and which support moves relative to the tool station
in a fixed rectilinear path.
Subclass: FOR 101
Foreign art collection in which the work-moving means itself
moves in the arc of a circle in peripheral engagement with
the work, thereby moving the work in a straight path.
Subclass: FOR 102
Foreign art collection in which the work-moving means itself
moves in a straight line while in engagement with the work.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000