U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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Classification Index
Explanation of Data web page.
(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 082
TURNING
Class Definition:
(1) This class includes inventions for producing articles of
predetermined section, usually circular, by means of cutters
brought into engagement with the exterior of a rotating
work-piece or by means of cutters revolving circumferentially
around and in engagement with that portion of the work-piece
to be shaped. It contains mainly metal-working machines, but
is not confined thereto, including all such mechanisms of the
above-named structure and function as are not specifically
classified elsewhere.
(2) This class is also the generic class for the subject
matter of the following subclass: Centerers (see References
to the Current Class, below)
(3) This class includes severing or cutting (off and/or out)
of work of predetermined section (and/or size) by cutting
movement(s) of tool and work including (1) relative rotation
of either or both about an axis passing through the work and
(2) relative translation of either or both substantially
normal or parallel to said axis during cutting. (see
References to the Current Class, below).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 see the (3) Note relating to (3) above.
170 for Centerers.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 2.1 for bias cutting or tubular
stock, subclass 20.1 for spiral cutting of flat stock.
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for severing implements
and hand tools.
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 21.1 for means to
scribe, score or scratch lines on curved surfaces.
69, Leather Manufactures, subclasses 9+ for skiving or
splitting of leather.
79, Button Making, subclasses 7+.
125, Stone Working.
142, Wood Turning.
157, Wheelwright Machines, subclass 13 for apparatus and
processes for treating the outer periphery of a rubber tire
casing by a slitting or machine operation which art (in the
absence of this subclass) would ordinarily be classified in
accord with the particular operation. (The treating of a
rubber casing by abrading is classified in Class 451,
Abrading.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, appropriate subclass for
subject matter directed to driving or impacting a tool, when
such subject matter includes combined features peculiar to
tool driving, but which does not include features limiting
the subject matter to a specific tool art, such as specific
shape of the work contacting portion of a tool, related
tools, or an opposed work support. Class 82 has not been
cleared as to subject matter in conflict with this line.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, for
cutting of that class type. The cutting of rotating work,
including boring and drilling, is to be found in this class
(Class 82). The cutting of a rod or tube by a tool turning
about an axis coextensive with the central axis of the rod or
tube wherein the tool also moves radially during operation
will also be found in this class.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, appropriate
subclasses for cutting to shape in general; subclasses 1+
for forming teeth on a circular gear; and subclass 64 for
milling a rotating workpiece, generally.
451, Abrading, for grinding, generally, including subdividing
a workpiece by abrading, especially search subclasses 435+
for an abrading device intended to be attached to a lathe.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclasses 8+ and 57+ for methods and
machines for the cutting of screw threads by a tool that
moves in a way other than rotatably and axially relative to a
workpiece during operation or by a tool acting on rotating
work.
483, Tool Changing, subclasses 17+ for a work turning
machine tool combined with a means to transfer a tool to or
from a tool support or storage means.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1.11
PROCESS OF TURNING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter drawn to a method.
Subclass:
1.12
TALKING MACHINE TABLET:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter for smoothing talking machine tablets preparatory to
impressing records thereon.
Subclass:
1.2
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus or process including a rotating assemblage which is
adapted to sever portions from the inside of a hole in
material by a cutting means which is moving radially relative
to the axis of rotation of the assemblage while
simultaneously turning about that axis.
Subclass:
1.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.2. Apparatus or
process for forming or finishing a noncircular (e.g.,
elliptical, square) hole.
Subclass:
1.4
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.2. Apparatus or
process wherein the cutting means, while cutting, moves in
the direction of the axis of rotation of the assemblage at
the same time as the rotary, radial movement.
Subclass:
1.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.4. Apparatus or
process wherein the cutting assemblage includes a
tool-carrier to which a cutting means is so connected that
the cutting means is adapted to turn about an axis relative
to the carrier while cutting.
Subclass:
11
Machines for producing articles of circular cross-section and
of varying axial section other than cylindrical or conical
forms.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
142, Wood Turning, subclasses 3+ for wood turning machines
producing a pattern section.
Subclass:
11.1
Having transverse tool and templet guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
wherein a machine having a transversely movable tool capable
of producing with means in the form of a templet guide
capable of following a model to control the movement of the
tool.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 14.8, and 81 for a "pattern" -
controlled metal deforming machine, e.g., for "spinning"
work.
404, Gear Cutting, Milling and Planing, subclasses 79+ for
pattern-controlled milling machines, and subclasses 288+ for
pattern-controlled planing machines.
451, Abrading, subclasses 1+ for a pattern controlled
abrading machine.
Subclass:
11.2
With workpiece gauge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.1. Subject matter
wherein the templet guide is provided with means for
measuring a dimension of an article.
Subclass:
11.3
Having electrical actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.1. Subject matter
having means in the form of an actuator capable of initiating
action or motion of the templet guide wherein the actuator is
powered by electricity.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
11.4 for actuators of the combined electrical and hydraulic
type.
Subclass:
11.4
And hydraulic actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.3. Subject matter
further having a second actuator wherein the second actuator
is operated by fluid pressure.
Subclass:
11.5
Having hydraulic actuator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 11.1. Subject matter
having means in the form of an actuator capable of initiating
action or motion of the templet guide wherein the actuator is
powered by fluid pressure.
Subclass:
12
Machines in which the axial outline is traced by a tool
rotating about an axis at right angles to the axis of work.
It mainly comprises lathes for turning spheres, though in
some cases the tool traces a curve convex toward the
work-axis.
Subclass:
13
Machines for producing articles the axial section of which is
predetermined by that of a formed cutter or series of
juxtaposed cutters.
Subclass:
15
Machines in which the axis of the rotating work is at a
slight angle to the line of feed, the tool or work having a
simple straight-line feed only.
Subclass:
16
Machines in which a conical surface is generated by giving
the cutting-tool a compound feed, one parallel to the axis of
the work and the other at right angles thereto, the latter
feed being governed by a gear-train.
Subclass:
17
Machines like the last preceding in which the transverse feed
of the cutter is governed by a fixed templet and connections
between said templet and cutter or cutter-support.
Subclass:
18
Machines for producing articles of predetermined noncircular
section, usually by giving the cutter a motion radial with
respect to the rotating work in addition to its usual feed
motion.
Subclass:
19
Machines in which the radially reciprocating motion of the
cutter is governed by a cam.
Subclass:
46
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus and processes.
(1) Note. At the time this and indented subclasses were
established (1959) the bulk of art, was drawn from Class 164
(now Class 83, Cutting) concurrently undergoing
reclassification. No attempt is now made, with respect to
art falling within the turning concept, to distinguish
between severing and lathe structure, except by schedule
superiority.
(2) Note. Devices for "scoring" or "grooving", either
disclosed as capable of use for severing or which score
rather than sever because of work charateristics
(distinguished from structural apparatus limitations), are
also here classified if such devices otherwise fall within
the class definition.
(3) Note. Included here are devices wherein the initial
engagement of tool and work, either implied or specifically
claimed, effects a piercing or incising of said work so that
claimed means for relative rotation subsequently effect the
severing operation.
(4) Note. Devices, otherwise falling within the above class
definition, which utilize toothed rotary cutters to impart a
shape or form, rather than length or size, to work are not
classified here but are considered to be milling devices for
Class 409, subclasses 64+.
(5) Note. The term "rotation", as used in conjunction with
severing apparatus, is taken to require at least 360 deg. of
unidirectional motion; which motion must be continuous. A
series of intermittent arcuate movements of work during
severing, which may add up to 360 deg. or more is not
considered to constitute "rotation". See Class 83 for
devices with such characteristics.
(6) Note. The relative movement of work and tool, or their
resepective holding means, may be (1) the result of direct
operator manipulation, (2) merely initiated by an operator,
(3) fully automatic, or (4) any combination of these.
(7) Note. Classification of patents in this and indented
subclasses requires that, in addition to disclosure
appropriate for turning, there be claimed disclosure of (1)
means for effecting relating rotation of tool and work as
recited above and/or (2) tool infeed means.
(8) Note. Devices disclosed as capable of use as either an
implement (or hand tool) for Class 30 or as a device for this
class (82) and claimed generically are to be classified here
(82) and cross referenced to Class 30.
Subclass:
47
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Processes.
Subclass:
48
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means for sensing a desired or undesired condition
with respect to either the work or tool and means which and
as a result of this sensing (and without external
intervention), bring about an alteration in the operation or
control of the device.
(1) Note. The alteration includes stopping or starting of
all or part of the mechanism so as to correct, avoid damage
from, or mitigate the effects of the sensed condition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 67+ for cutting devices including
means to monitor and control operation.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 116.5 for
power stop mechanisms and see the notes thereto for other
loci of machine control means responsive to means for sensing
work or tool conditions.
Subclass:
49
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to reshape the cutting edge or point of the
severing instrumentality.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
451, Abrading, subclasses 419+ for a machine knife
sharpening attachment and see other appropriate subclasses
for sharpening means, per se, of the abrading type.
Subclass:
50
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to provide a liquid to tool and/or work
during cutting.
(1) Note. Liquid is for cooling, heating, lubrication,
protective environment, etc.
Subclass:
51
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to raise or maintain the temperature of tool
and/or work.
Subclass:
52
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to hold, remove and/or convey the fragments
produced during the cutting operations.
(1) Note. The term fragments is not intended to include
portions which are handled in an article-like fashion, which
handling is considered to be work or product handling.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 152+ for lathe chip removal means.
Subclass:
53
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices provided
with means to further reduce the size of that portion of the
cut product indentified as waste and to be discarded.
Subclass:
53.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices wherein
the cutting instrumentality has a component of motion, during
cutting, in the direction of work movement along or parallel
to the axis of relative rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 280+ for severing devices when
cutting motion of tool has a component in the direction of
moving work and see search notes thereunder for other loci of
flying tool types.
Subclass:
54
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices wherein
the tool means includes at least two coacting elements
straddling the work and effecting a shearing of work between
said elements.
(1) Note. An anvil against which a cutter bears is a
coacting element for this subclass.
Subclass:
55
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Devices wherein
the cutting couple and the work are constrained to move with
respect to each other during severing by means of a template,
eccentric, interlocked linkage, etc., so as to produce an
oval or irregular shaped product.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 2.1 for bias cutting of tubular
stock, and subclass 20.1 for spiral cutting of flat stock.
Subclass:
56
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Devices
including at least one severing means other than a pair of
coacting cutting elements straddling the work.
(1) Note. Included here are mere duplications, at spaced
locations, of cutting couples straddling work as well as
additional single cutting means.
(2) Note. When the additional cutting means is identified
as serving to cut up scrap the patents are classified above
in subclass 53.
Subclass:
57
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Devices wherein
the coacting tool elements are both rotated or rotatable
cutting members, usually of disk-like configuration.
(1) Note. Included here are devices wherein the axes of the
tool element are substantially normal to the axis of work
rotation; e.g., as in the cutting out of flat disks or the
peripheral trimming of round work pieces.
Subclass:
58
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Devices wherein
the rotational axes of both tools and work are parallel to
each other.
(1) Note. Included here are devices to cut off cylindrical
portions of hollow tubular work.
Subclass:
59
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to move a tool(s) around work during severing
which means actuate, or are actuated by, means to move said
tool(s) further into work toward the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
60
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices wherein
the reaction of the work against tool infeed is required to
effect circumrotation.
Subclass:
61
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices wherein
the means to move a tool further into work includes a
rotatable plate having a groove, slot or surface formed
thereon of predetermined contour which contour imparts a
prescribed motion to the tool or tool holder slidably
following such groove or slot and said plate is caused to
rotate by a gear train linking said plate and the tool head.
Subclass:
62
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Devices wherein
the motion between cam and follower effecting infeed of the
tool are substantially parallel to the axis about which the
tool head is rotating.
Subclass:
63
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Devices
providing means to counteract the tendency of the
circumrotating tool to move radially outwardly which means
utilize forces effecting the initial tendency.
Subclass:
64
This subclass is indented under subclass 61. Devices wherein
the cam consists of one or more spiral grooves in the radial
face of the rotatable plate.
Subclass:
65
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices
including operator actuated means to hold the infeed cam
member against rotation while the tool head continues to
revolve which relative movement effects the tool infeed.
(1) Note. See subclass 61 for "cam" concept.
Subclass:
66
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices wherein
a pinion or toothed member, whose rotation about its axis
causes the tool to move radially, moving around the work is
incrementally rotated by periodically engaging a pawl-like
element positioned adjacent the path of said member.
Subclass:
67
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices wherein
the means to move a tool further into work and the means to
move the tool around the work are actuated by the same gear
train.
(1) Note. See subclass 61 for similar devices including a
cam actuated infeed means.
Subclass:
68
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Devices
including means to change the relative speed or movement of
one portion of the gear train with respect to another.
Subclass:
69
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Devices
including means to disable the gear train.
Subclass:
70
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Devices
including means to move work into or from position for
treatment.
Subclass:
70.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Devices
including means to move a tool(s) into work, or further into
work, toward the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
70.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including means to cause a tool to move around the work.
(1) Note. The means to move a tool around or about the work
must be more than a mere hand crank or lever, which means is
to be found in subclass 70.1.
Subclass:
71
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2. Devices
including gaseous or liquid means to cause tool movement.
Subclass:
72
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2. Devices
including a gear train to effect the tool infeed.
(1) Note. Included in the term "gear train" are chain and
sprocket means as well as belt and pulley means.
Subclass:
73
This subclass is indented under subclass 72. Devices
including cam means effective along a line generally parallel
to the axis of tool circumrotation.
Subclass:
74
This subclass is indented under subclass 73. Devices
including means which serve to show or evidence the relative
position of the parts.
Subclass:
75
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2. Devices
wherein the means to cause infeed movement of the tool
includes a lever arrangement of the first class with the
fulcrum pivot being intermediate two angularly disposed force
transmitting arms.
Subclass:
76
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2. Devices
wherein the tool is biased inwardly toward the axis of
rotation by yielding or springlike means.
Subclass:
77
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Devices
including lever, handle or crank means to move the tool
outwardly away from the axis of rotation.
Subclass:
78
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices which
effect infeed tool actuation by operator manipulation of a
gear train.
Subclass:
79
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
wherein a cam-like rotary element is caused to rotate about
an axis, the contacting surface of said element being
non-uniformly spaced from said axis, which element acutates
the infeed of the tool.
Subclass:
80
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Devices which
include hydraulic or pneumatic drive means.
Subclass:
81
This subclass is indented under subclass 79. Devices for
effecting the infeed of two or more severing
instrumentalities.
Subclass:
82
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
wherein the tool is operating internally of the work.
Subclass:
83
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including means to cause the tool(s) to revolve about an axis
passing through said tool.
(1) Note. The incremental shift of a tool about its axis to
present a new portion of the cutting edge to the work (either
between cutting strokes or during cutting strokes) is not
considered tool rotation for this subclass. See subclass 100
for tool adjustment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70.1 for devices wherein the tool is caused to rotate by
contact with the work.
Subclass:
84
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices
including a coacting cutter, either freely rotatable or
driven, straddling the work and serving to both sever and
support the work.
Subclass:
85
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices wherein
the work is internally supported by rotatable elements the
axis of which also move in an orbit.
Subclass:
86
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices wherein
the tool is mounted on a swingable holder for arcuate
movement during infeed.
Subclass:
87
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Devices
including means for selectively fixing the position of the
work.
Subclass:
88
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices
including a tool rotatable with respect to an axis passing
through said tool, the working edge of said tool having
portions at varying distances from said axis.
Subclass:
89
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices
including means to move work in a direction parallel to the
axis of relative work-tool rotation.
Subclass:
90
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices
including means to hold and move work transversely to the
axis of relative work-tool rotation.
Subclass:
91
This subclass is indented under subclass 83. Devices wherein
the elements upon which work rests during cutting includes a
recess or channel providing clearance for the tool edge as it
passes through the work.
Subclass:
92
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
wherein a tool(s) mounted so as to be able to rotate about an
axis passing through said tool is caused to rotate solely by
engagement with work.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 83+ for devices including drive means to rotate
the tool(s).
Subclass:
93
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Devices
including tool holding means capable of shift in a line
parallel to the axis of relative work-tool rotation.
Subclass:
94
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Devices wherein
the tool holding means are shifted solely by contact with the
work.
Subclass:
95
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Devices
including at least one additional tool incapable of
rotation.
Subclass:
96
This subclass is indented under subclass 93. Devices
including means responsive to operation of the infeed means
for initiating revolution of work.
Subclass:
97
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Devices wherein
the work, usually caused to revolve by resting on driven
rolls, is biased by yieldable means toward said rolls.
Subclass:
98
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including several cutters each of which is provided
individual means to effect its infeed action.
Subclass:
99.1
Spring urged:
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Subject matter
wherein the tool is provided with yieldable biasing means
capable of moving the tool center of relative work-tool
rotation.
Subclass:
99.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 99.1. Subject matter
wherein the tool is specifically structured for severing or
cutting work in the form of a device mountable to and capable
of covering or exposing a window.
Subclass:
100
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including means to vary the limits and/or path of tool
actuation.
Subclass:
101
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including means to hold, maintain and/or revolve work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the
residual locus for patents to a device for clamping,
supporting and/or holding an article (or articles) in positin
to be operated on or treated. See notes thereunder for other
related loci.
Subclass:
102
This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1. Devices
including means to move work parallel to the axis of
rotation.
Subclass:
103
Lathe for pulley:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
specially adapted for rotating and facing a structure in the
form of a wheel designed to drive or be driven by a belt or
rope.
(1) Note. A lathe of this subclass generally include
special driving means and means for crowning the
pulley-face.
Subclass:
104
Lathe for wheel or axle:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
specially adapted for operating on an article in the form of
either: (a) a solid disk or circular ring connected to a hub
and designed to turn around an axle, i.e., a wheel; or (b) a
supporting shaft or member upon which a wheel revolves, i.e.,
an axle.
(1) Note. This subclass typically provides for lathes used
in making railway or railroad wheels or axles.
Subclass:
105
In situ lathe for railroad wheel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter
wherein the article comprises a wheel movable over a railway
and further wherein the lathe is located in close proximity
to the vehicle upon which the wheel is mounted.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for portable lathes for turning articles of a general
nature.
Subclass:
106
LATHE FOR CRANK OR CRANK PIN:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
specially adapted for producing an engine component
structured to transmit rotary motion.
(1) Note. This subclass generally provides for lathes used
in turning various parts of an automative crankshaft or crank
disk, e.g., concentrically turning the main journal or
eccentrically turning the crank pin portions. This subclass
similarly provides for lathes having off-set revolving tools
allowing for the turning of stationary crank pins which are
eccentric to the lathe center line.
(2) Note. This subclass also includes only fully-organized
power-driven machines whereas portable crankshaft pin turners
are provided for in 107 below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 298 for twisting of
crankshaft.
Subclass:
107
Portable lathe for crank pin:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Lathe wherein a
lathe specially adapted for rotating and cutting that bearing
portion of a crankshaft designed to mount an engine
connecting rod, i.e., a crank pin that is readily
transportable or movable.
Subclass:
108
Having work oscillator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Lathe wherein
the lathe is provided with means capable of moving the
component back and forth.
Subclass:
109
Having work driver:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the lathe is provided with means for transmitting the
rotary motion of a spindle of the lathe to the component held
between centers of the lathe.
Subclass:
110
LATHE FOR SCREW CUTTING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
specially adapted for removing material from an externally
threaded fastener.
(1) Note. The lathes of this subclass are generally of the
"engine-lathe" type having allowing the cutting of screws of
various pitches.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclasses 27+ and 57 for combined
machines, adapted for thread chasing.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, for
cutting of screw threads by a cutter that turns about an axis
and moves along that axis toward a workpiece, with no
additional motion, during operation.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclass for
apparatus or processes for milling screw threads and
helices.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclasses 80+ for lathe machines for screw
threading except as provided for in Class 408.
Subclass:
111
Having swinging feed nut and tool bar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 110. Lathe provided
with: (a) a lead-screw integral with the lathe headstock
spindle or relatively mounted on a stud projecting from the
lathe bed wherein the lead screw is geared to said spindle in
such position as to be readily engaged by a sectional nut at
an end of a first lever whose opposite end is attached to a
rockable chaser-bar mechanism, usually located at the back of
the lathe bed, and (b) a second lever carried at another
point of the first lever upon which is mounted a
threading-tool.
Subclass:
112
PORTABLE LATHE FOR BRAKE, DRUM, DISC, OR SHOE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
which is readily transportable or movable and which is
specially adapted for rotating and cutting a component of an
automative braking system comprising either the metallic
cylindrical component which is engaged by and whose motion is
arrested by a braking mechanism, i.e., a brake drum or disc,
or the metallic curved component carrying a brake disc pad
which engages and arrests the motion of a brake drum, i.e., a
brake shoe.
Subclass:
113
PORTABLE LATHE FOR PIPE TURNING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
which readily transportable or movable and which is specially
designed for rotating and cutting hollow cylindrical work is
generally used for conveying fluids.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 46+ for similar apertures having severing or
cutting steps.
Subclass:
114
PORTABLE LATHE FOR PISTON GROOVING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
which is readily transportable or movable and which is
specially designed for rotating and cutting a channel in the
reciprocable solid cylinder tightly fit into and movable in
surrounding housing of a reciprocating engine, pump or
compressor.
Subclass:
115
BENCH LATHE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
which is readily light in weight, lacks legs, and is adapted
to be mounted on a bench.
Subclass:
116
WATCHMAKER'S LATHE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Lathe
specially adapted for rotating and cutting a component of a
timepiece.
Subclass:
117
LATHE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter drawn to either: (a) a structure for producing an
article of regular cross section, usually circular, wherein
the structure has a work support, a guided cutter, and a
component for effecting relative rotation between the cutter
and work, i.e., a lathe; or (b) to a detail of a component or
subcombination of a lathe, e.g., specific structure of a
headstock, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclasses 27+ for combined machines in
which one of the operations is rotating the work while
transversing a cutting tool therealong.
83, Cutting, appropriate subclasses for machines adapted only
to sever or cut off the work at predetermined lengths.
Cutting off or severing of a workpiece when included with
other turning devices or operations found here or in the
appropriate indented subclass.
Subclass:
118
With program control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
provided with additional means capable of regulating an
operation of a lathe according to a mechanism defining a
prescribed pattern or sequence of instructions.
Subclass:
119
And transmission:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter
further provided with means to change the speed or direction
of relative rotation of a component of the lathe.
Subclass:
120
And tool turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter
provided with a device comprising a rotatable cylinder
capable of housing and supporting plural guided cutters.
Subclass:
121
With tool turret:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
provided with additional means comprising a rotatable
cylinder capable of housing and supporting plural guided
cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
483, Tool Changing, subclasses 17+ for a work turning
machine combined with a means to transfer a tool to or from a
tool support or storage means.
Subclass:
122
Vertical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein the relative rotation of the lathe is about an axis
perpendicular to the horizon.
Subclass:
123
Having facing tool fed transverse to work:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
provided with means to remove material from an end face of
rotating work wherein the means is moved perpendicular to the
work axis of rotation.
Subclass:
124
With work feeder or remover:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
having a work feeder or remover in the form of means capable
of delivering or removing work to or from a position of
engagement with that portion of the lathe which supports work
during a turning operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for
conveying mechanisms, per se.
221, Article Dispensing, appropriate subclasses for article
dispensers (feeders) not otherwise provided for, and see the
class definition of Class 221 for a statement of the class
lines and for the disposition of related disclosures of
article and strip feeding processes and apparatus.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect the movement of the material.
Subclass:
125
Magazine type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter
having storage means in which a plurality of pieces of work
can be accumulated in an orderly arrangement and positioned
such that the pieces may be engaged by the work feeder or
remover.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
140, Wireworking, subclass 27 and 38, for wire fence-making
machines provided with hoppers that supply slats for the
manufacture of fences; and subclass 53 for machines having
magazines for the supply of clips, lock-plates, and the
like.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclasses 164+.
Subclass:
126
Bar feeder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter
wherein the work comprises an elongated article having a
generally rectangular cross-section and whose longitudinal
dimension is much greater than its lateral dimensions, i.e.,
a bar, and further wherein the bar is capable of being
sectioned into plural work products.
Subclass:
127
Bar feeder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Subject matter
wherein the work comprises an elongated article having a
generally rectangular cross-section whose longitudinal
dimension is much greater than its lateral dimension, i.e, a
bar, and further wherein the bar is capable of being
sectioned into plural work products.
Subclass:
128
Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein a lathe is readily transported and attached to an
article to be turned.
(1) Note. The lathes of this subclass are usually
hand-driven and are designed to be mounted on the article to
be turned, e.g., a commutator, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
104.011 for devices for cleaning deposits from cylinders,
pistons, and spark plugs.
451, Abrading, subclass 348 for a portable device for
grinding a wheel, in situ; and subclasses 415+ for an
abrading attachment for grinding the throws of a crankshaft,
in situ.
Subclass:
129
Multiple:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein a lathe is provided with means capable of operating
simultaneously on more than one piece of work.
(1) Note. The operations performed by the lathes of this
subclass are usually the same on each piece.
Subclass:
130
Having hollow cutter head:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
provided with a cutter head in the form of means for
supporting a rotatable or stationary guided cutter wherein
the supporting means is specially adapted to allow work to
pass longitudinally therethrough and further wherein the
supporting means is capable of radially mounting a guided
cutter such that its cutting edge faces toward the rotary
axis of the work.
(1) Note. The lathes of this subclass are typically used to
scalp bars, or similar articles, being continuously fed from
a manufacturing or forming machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 and 157.
Subclass:
131
Having revolvable cutter heads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
provided with rotatable plural guided cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1.2 for rotating and radially movable cutters adapted to
sever material from the inside of a hole in work material.
Subclass:
132
Carriage feed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
of paragraph (b) wherein significance to a carriage feeder in
the form of means capable of causing or limiting the guided
cutter to move longitudinally or transversely relative to
work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 62+ for drilling machines with work infeeding
means; subclasses 99+ and 129+ for drilling machines with
tool infeeding means.
Subclass:
133
Control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a device adapted to
regulate the operation of the feeder.
Subclass:
134
Electrical type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 133. Subject matter
wherein the devices use electricity to regulate the
operation.
Subclass:
135
Apron mechanism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to an apron mechanism in
the form of a protective shield means attached or covering
the feeder.
Subclass:
136
Feed-nut control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a device capable of
closing a feednut upon a feedscrew or releasing it therefrom
and for preventing the closing of the nut except in certain
positions to insure "catching the thread" correctly with the
tool in screw-threading.
Subclass:
137
Slide rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a slide rest on the
form of a device adapted to support a guided cutter.
(1) Note. The slide rest is usually mounted upon and
longitudinally movable with the lathe carriage thereby
allowing the tool an additional feed direction, ordinarily
one transverse to the axis of the work.
Subclass:
138
Multiple tool support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter
wherein the slide rest is capable of carrying a plurality of
cutting-tools, usually located on opposite sides of the axis
of the work.
Subclass:
139
Tool relief:
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to means capable of
physically disengaging the guided cutter with work.
Subclass:
140
Change gears:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a set of gears and
means for mounting and shifting them in order to change the
speed of rotation of a feedscrew or other carriage-driving
means, and consequently the rate of carriage-feed.
Subclass:
141
Feedscrews and rods:
This subclass is indented under subclass 132. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a plurality of rotating
screws or splined rods, for transmitting motion from a
head-stock or change-gears to a carriage to effect the
feeding of a guided cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
64 for drilling machines in which work infeed mechanism is
screw and nut actuated; subclasses 100+ and 129+ for drilling
machines in which tool infeed mechanism is screw and nut
actuated.
Subclass:
142
Headstock:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a headstock in the form
of means for supporting one end of work for rotation
thereof.
Subclass:
143
Speed changing gears:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a device for giving
rotation to a chuck or faceplate for a given rotation of a
cone-pulley.
(1) Note. This subclass includes only such devices as are
specifically designed for lathes, such as back-gears, and not
for general application.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 64.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses
indented under Gearing.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 124+ for machines for cutting in the manner of
that class, including multiple speed drive means.
Subclass:
144
Speed change gears for maintaining constant cutting speed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Subject matter
wherein the device is capable of controlling a work feed rate
and a guided cutter feed rate to thereby provide for a
constant rate of work material removal.
Subclass:
145
Spindle reverser:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a rotatable mechanism
capable of imparting motion to a headstock, i.e., a spindle,
and further wherein a device is provided to move the spindle
in an opposite direction.
Subclass:
146
Spindle or work angler:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a rotatable device
capable of imparting motion to a headstock, i.e., a spindle,
and further wherein a mechanism is provided to change the
relative angle between either the spindle or the rotary axis
of work and the lathe rotary axis to thereby ensure proper
angular orientation between the work and spindle.
Subclass:
147
Spindle and bearings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a rotatable mechanism
capable of imparting motion to a headstock, i.e., a spindle,
and a plurality of elements adapted to minimize friction
between contacting surfaces of a headstock, i.e., bearings.
Subclass:
148
Tailstock:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
paragraph (b) wherein significance is attributed to means for
securing and rotatably supporting an end of work remote from
the headstock or driving end of a lathe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 150+ for centers to be secured in the tail stock
to rotatably support the work.
Subclass:
149
Bed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
paragraph (b) wherein significance is attributed to a frame
and ways of a lathe.
Subclass:
150
Center:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
paragraph (b) wherein significance is attributed to two or
more centers in the form of devices securable in a headstock
or tailstock to rotatably support the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
142, Wood Turning, subclass 53 for centers in wood lathes.
Subclass:
151
Alignment adjusters:
This subclass is indented under subclass 150. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to a mechanism capable of
altering the angle between a center axis and a lathe rotary
axis.
Subclass:
152
Attachment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
paragraph (b) wherein significance is attributed to a device
or element securable to a lathe for enhancing its
operations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 65 for similar devices and see
the notes thereto for carriage stop devices.
Subclass:
153
Stop (e.g., carriage, tool, work, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter
wherein the device or element is capable of limiting the
movement of a part of a lathe.
Subclass:
154
Tool slide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
wherein the part is a guided cutter.
Subclass:
155
Collet or spindle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
wherein the part comprises either: (1) a split coned sleeve
designed to hold work or a guided cutter, i.e., a collet or
(2) the rotatable portion of the headstock capable of
imparting motion thereto, i.e., a spindle.
Subclass:
156
Indexible (e.g., roll type, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
where the part is also capable of limiting the part motion at
various locations of the part.
Subclass:
157
Tool and work rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to means capable of
simultaneously supporting both a guided cutter or for
clamping the cutter and effecting its rectilinear vertical
adjustment or angular adjustment in a vertical plane.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
130 for a hollow cutter head capable of simultaneously
supporting a cutter as work passes through the lathe.
Subclass:
158
Tool rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to means for supporting a
hand held guided cutter or for clamping the cutter and
effecting its rectilinear vertical adjustment or angular
adjustment in a vertical plane.
Subclass:
159
Turret type holder (e.g., multiple tools, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter
wherein the means comprises a rotatable cylinder capable of
housing plural guided cutters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
483, Tool Changing, subclasses 66+ for an indexable tool
storage means combined with a tool transfer means.
Subclass:
160
Quick release tool or holder clamp:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter
wherein the means comprising either: (1) a device provided
with means to allow the guided tool to be unsecured with
relative ease or, (2) a device capable of fastening, gripping
or supporting a guided cutter to a lathe.
Subclass:
161
Tool post:
This subclass is indented under subclass 158. Subject matter
wherein the means is the form of a clamping mechanism
directly contacting and securing the guided cutter of a
lathe.
(1) Note. The devices of this subclass include adjustment
is effecting by unclamping the cutter itself.
Subclass:
162
Work rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 117. Subject matter
wherein significance is attributed to means capable of
supporting work in a lathe.
(1) Note. The support devices of this and indented
subclasses may either support the free end of work or the
side opposite a guided cutter to thereby receive the thrust
of the guided cutter or it may support the work for other
purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the
residual locus for patents to a device for clamping,
supporting and/or holding an article (or articles) in
position to be operated on or treated. See notes thereunder
for other related loci.
Subclass:
163
With noise or vibration dampener:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter
including structure capable of reducing unexpected or
undesired sound or back and forth movement.
Subclass:
164
Center rest:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter
wherein the means is secured to a bed or way of a lathe end
provided with a bushing or with centering-jaws in axial
alinement with the work supported between the centers, to
prevent springing of the thrush of a guided cutter.
Subclass:
165
WORK DRIVER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein significance is attributed to means for
transmitting the rotary motion of a spindle of a lathe to
work held between centers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
142, Wood Turning, subclass 16 for mechanisms for guiding
work holding chucks in elliptical or oval paths.
279, Chucks or Sockets, generally for work driver, per se.
Subclass:
166
Lathe dog:
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter
wherein the means is provided with a spur or other connection
capable of loosely engaging a slot or other rotating portion
of a face-plate or spindle of lathe.
Subclass:
167
Cam grip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Subject matter
wherein the spur or other driving connection is further
provided with a cam-surface engageable with the work such to
increase its gripping force on the work.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
279, Chuck or Sockets, subclass 36, 37, 47-54 indented under
subclasses 46.1+, 56, 57, 58, and 60-75 indented under
Socket-type radially reciprocating jaws, Moving-cam actuator
for cam grip devices, per se.
Subclass:
168
Mandrel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Subject matter
wherein the means is provided with a device locatable between
the lathe centers and capable of engaging the exterior
surfaces of and thereby driving hollow work.
Subclass:
169
Expansible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 168. Subject matter
wherein the device is provided with a work engageable piece
capable of radial adjustment to thereby center the work and
secure driving contact therewith.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, subclasses 571+ for
an expandable mandrel for engaging an inner surface of a coil
or core used in winding or unwinding.
269, Work Holders, subclass 2 for expansible mandrel used as
a work holder.
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 2.01 for expanding chucks
adapted to hold hollow articles by being inserted into the
cavity thereof.
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles, subclass 105 for
expansible devices on land vehicles.
451, Abrading, subclasses 463+ for an expansible abrading
tool.
Subclass:
170
Centerer:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter wherein significance is attributed to means either
for, (a) determining the centers of axis of work preparatory
to or during the mounting thereof; or (b) bringing the axis
of work into coincidence with the line joining the
lathe-centers after work had been placed in a lathe.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclasses 547+ for gauges to
mark a center point.
279, Chucks or Sockets, appropriate subclass for centerers,
per se.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 72+ for machines including structure for guiding
a tool to operate in the center of circular workpiece.
451, Abrading, subclass 460 for a center in an abrading
machine.
Subclass:
171
DRILL PRESS ATTACHMENT FOR TURNING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter comprising means attachable to machines of this class
wherein the means is capable of holding or supporting work
for performing a drilling operation thereon.
Subclass:
172
ATTACHMENT FOR CUTTING A VALVE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter comprising means attachable to machines of this class
wherein the means is specially adapted for removing material
from an article used to control fluid flow through an
aperture or structure, i.e., for cutting a valve.
Subclass:
173
MISCELLANEOUS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject
matter provided for elsewhere.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
The following subclasses provide for concepts illogical to
the preceding schedule but which contain frequently searched
subject matter. As these subclasses contain only
discretionary cross-reference they are of limited search
value and the search should refer to preceding subclasses for
a complete search.
Subclass:
900
LATHE THERMAL REGULATION:
Cross-reference art collection relating to devices or
processes of regulating the temperature of a lathe.
Subclass:
901
CHIP REMOVAL:
Cross-reference art collection relating to devices or
processes of removing chips from machines of this class.
Subclass:
902
OIL GROOVING DEVICE:
Cross-reference art collection relating to devices for
producing an oil groove in an article, e.g., in a piston,
etc.
Subclass:
903
BALANCING AND CENTERING:
Cross-reference art collection relating to devices for
balancing and centering either workpieces or components of a
lathe.
Subclass:
904
VIBRATION METHOD OR TOOL:
Cross-reference art collection relating to processes or
devices for inducing or inhibiting vibrational motion in a
lathe.
Subclass:
905
TRANSMISSION ACCESSORY OR CONTROL:
Cross-reference art collection relating accessories or
controls for transmission for machines of this class.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000