U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 069
LEATHER MANUFACTURES
Class Definition:
This class includes: (1) leather working apparatus and
processes, (2) apparatus and processes for production of
leather from hides, skins, etc., (3) apparatus and processes
for treating fur.
The class does not include boots, shoes, gloves, trunks,
baggage, pocket-books, or other leather receptacles or their
manufacture, except such apparatus as is clearly general in
its capability of operation.
It does not include leather cutting (except skiving or
splitting), punching, or sewing. The apparatus for the
manufacture of harness is here included; but the articles of
harness are elsewhere classifierd.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 94.1 for
methods of treating hides and skins with fluids including
tanning processes, and subclass 112 for carroting of fur.
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass 2 for mechanical
processes of removing the hair or fur from hides and skins
for the purpose of recovering the fibers for subsequent use
in a textile process.
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 15+ for the
finishing of fur by shearing.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, for apparatus for
smoothing and ironing textiles.
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, appropriate
subclasses, for apparatus for making paper of leather fibers
and see especially subclass 2, 144 and 151 for processes for
producing paper from leather and the products produced
thereby.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, for
processes and apparatus for comminuting leather. See section
12 of the class definition of that class (241) for the line.
451, Abrading, for abrading of a hide, skin, or leather,
generally.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
Miscellaneous leather-working machines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, appropriate subclasses for presses not
elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
1.5
Various machines for putting leather, canvas, or other
belting under tension to take out the initial stretch or to
bring the belting to uniform shape.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
19.1 for a skin or hide stretcher.
Subclass:
2
Machines for cutting or trimming leather and at the same time
creasing or otherwise impressing it for ornamental purposes
or which simply crease or impress without cutting.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclasses 94+ for presses which additionally
treat the material by cutting, breaking, piercing or
comminuting, not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
3
Apparatus upon which horse-collars are shaped or given proper
contour.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for apparatus for molding leather articles.
Subclass:
4
Apparatus for stuffing the padding material into
horse-collars.
Subclass:
6
Machines which by drawing or passing a string or strip
therethrough will cut or roll the same to circular or
semicircular shape, usually for harness-reins, fillings, or
whip-lashes.
Subclass:
6.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Machines for
treating leather or leather articles by cutting or rasping to
produce an uneven surface for cementing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 76.1 for filing devices
generally.
157, Wheelwright Machines, subclass 13 for apparatus and
processes for treating the outer periphery of a rubber tire
casing by a slitting or machine operation which art (in the
absence of this subclass) would ordinarily be classified in
accord with the particular operation. (The treating of a
rubber casing by abrading is classified in Class 451,
Abrading).
451, Abrading, for roughening leather with natural abrasive
material (e.g., sandpaper, emery cloth, etc.).
Subclass:
7
Machines for pressing, rubbing, or rolling down leather
seams.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 57.1 for combined upper
turning and seam pressing.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, for ironing and smoothing
fabrics in general.
100, Presses, appropriate subclasses for presses not
elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
7.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Machines for
treating leather or leather articles to compress them by a
hammering action.
Subclass:
7.5
Machines for searing leather.
(1) Note. This subclass includes machines which sear leather
for the purpose of causing the edge of the leather to shrink
and curl to produce a finished edge.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, for electric heaters.
263, Heating, for miscellaneous heating apparatus and methods
in general.
Subclass:
7.7
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Machines for
working upon the perimeter of leather stock or articles by
burnishing, molding, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 for belt finishing machines.
Subclass:
8
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Machines for
forming and shaping leather articles by molding, clamping
and/or compressing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 for horse collar shaping machines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, appropriate subclasses for presses not
elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
9
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Machines for
beveling leather or leather articles, or cutting them
parallel to their upper and lower edges.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclass 16.5 for devices for
splitting a flap portion of nonuniform thickness from a shoe
sole to form a breast flap covering, 31.5, for devices for
forming the heel seat portion of a sole by a splitting or
skiving operation, 46, for devices for forming a seat portion
on a heel, 46.5, for devices for cutting a sloping surface on
the front edge of a spring heel, 58, for devices for skiving
the edges of uppers, and 62, for devices for skiving or
beveling the edges of toe or heel stiffener blanks.
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for hand cutting tools
adapted for use in leather manufacture but of more general
application.
Subclass:
9.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines provided
with means to determine the smallest thickness of the leather
being treated and then shaving the leather to this
thickness.
Subclass:
9.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines for (1)
a skiving and/or splitting together with another operation,
or (2) a plurality of different skiving and/or splitting
operations on the leather part being treated.
Subclass:
9.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines which
are provided with a revolving pipe-like cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
79, Button Making, subclass 16.
83, Cutting, subclasses 861+ for edge trimming, skiving, or
scoring devices generally subclasses 425+ for a cutting
device including means to move the work against a fixedly
located tool, and subclasses 663+ for a rotatable type of
cutting tool.
Subclass:
10
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines which
are provided with a traveling band cutter.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclass 201 for cutting devices having endless
flexible band knives, and subclass 661 for band knives, per
se.
Subclass:
11
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines which
are provided with a stationary cutter against which the work
is drawn or fed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 425+ for cutting devices wherein
work is moved against a fixed tool.
Subclass:
12
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Machines which
are provided with means which engage the work to move it
against the fixed knife and then return to a normal work
feeding position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 259+, 276+, 294, 319, 352, and 401+
for cutting machines with reciprocating or oscillating work
pushers or grippers.
144, Woodworking, subclass 175.
Subclass:
13
This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Machines which
are provided with positively driven rollers which engage and
move the work to the fixed knife.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
83, Cutting, subclasses 861+ for edge trimming, skiving,
grooving or scoring devices generally, and subclasses 401+,
particularly subclasses 425+ for cutting devices wherein work
is advanced against a tool.
144, Woodworking, subclass 175.
Subclass:
15
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines in which
the knife is translated back and forth.
(1) Note. The work may either be stationary or movable.
Subclass:
16
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Machines in which
the knife is in the form of generally flat planar member of
circular configuration which is sharpened upon its periphery
and which rotates about the axis perpendicular to the plane.
Subclass:
17
Machines for rubbing, blacking, polishing, creasing,
burnishing, and otherwise finishing leather straps.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
7.7 for other machines for working the edges of leather
pieces.
Subclass:
19
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Apparatus for (1) applying tension to hide, skin or leather
or (2) holding or supporting such work during the treatment
or manufacture of the same or (3) maintaining such work taut
during relaxation or drying of the same.
(1) Note. In this and indented subclasses are placed, e.g.,
a "setting out" board for supporting leather while it dries a
leather or skin stretching device and a "stitching horse" for
saddlers or harness makers.
(2) Note. Work supports which are parts of a leather working
machine are classified with the complete machines of which
they are parts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the
residual locus for patents to a device for clamping,
supporting and/or holding an article (or articles) in
position to be operated on or treated. See notes thereunder
for other related loci.
Subclass:
19.1
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Device including
means for applying or maintaining tension in one or more
directions to or within the hide, skin or leather.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1.5 for a belt stretching machine.
33 for treating a hide, skin or leather by folding, flexing,
crumpling, suppling or similar action for stretching,
softening and rendering the same more flexible.
46 for a machine which stretches leather by rubbing action
of a member over the surface thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclass 5 for a combined carpet
fastener and stretcher.
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 51+ for a cloth
stretching apparatus involving a cloth finishing operation;
and subclasses 71+ for the apparatus, per se, for expanding
(e.g., stretching, spreading) a running length cloth web.
28, Textiles: Manufacturing, subclasses 149+ for a frame
upon which threads are to be stretched and held while being
fabricated into a structure by some textile operation.
29, Metal Working, subclass 91.5 for an upholstery making
apparatus for drawing or pressing an outer fabric layer into
or about a stuffed or padded furniture component.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 102.1 for a
cloth stretcher frame (e.g., curtain stretcher frame).
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 222 for a
building panel having a tensioned or flexed sheet facing.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclasses 371+ for a fabric filled or covered frame or a
frame for such use; especially subclasses 372+ for a device
wherein the fabric may be stretched by adjusting the frame
size and subclass 378 for a frame type device including means
for applying tension to the fabric therein.
223, Apparel Apparatus, subclasses 61+ for a device for
stretching apparel on forms.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, subclasses 200+ for a tensioner for use in forcing a
carpet or like covering into place in laying it, when
including means for affording mechanical advantage.
294, Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements, subclass 8.6
for a stretcher for use in forcing a carpet or like covering
into place in laying it, when not including means for
affording mechanical advantage.
Subclass:
19.2
This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Device for
stretching hides or skins that are taken whole from an animal
in the form of a sleeve, said device being of such geometry
and/or structure as to be fitted into such sleeve.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
12, Boot and Shoe Making, subclasses 114+ for a device for
interiorly stretching assembled shoes.
223, Apparel Apparatus, subclass 63 for a frame or the like
to be placed inside the sleeve or leg of an item of wearing
apparel and expanded to stretch and/or crease the same, and
subclass 65 for a similar device for stretching a tie.
Subclass:
19.3
This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Device
including means to selectively vary the tension applied to
the hide, skin or leather.
Subclass:
20
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices
comprising hand manipulable devices for use by leather
workers in the working or manufacturing of leather or leather
articles.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass
236.01 for scrapers of general cleaning utility, and see the
Notes thereto for miscellaneous scrapers of more specialized
application.
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses, for hand awls.
83, Cutting, appropriate subclasses for cutting, scoring,
punching or pricking devices in general.
Subclass:
21
Processes of treating hides, skins or leather not otherwise
provided for, and combinations of such processes with the
fluid treatment of hides, skins, or leather.
(1) Note. Products of leather or fur will be found in
appropriate subclasses in Class 112, Sewing, if sewn only,
and in appropriate subclasses in Class 428, Stock Material or
Miscellaneous Articles, if not provided for elsewhere.
(2) Note. This subclass includes processes involivng
laminating leather where the process also includes steps not
ancillary to the laminating process. For processes of
laminating leather including steps ancillary to the
laminating process, see Class 156, Adhesive Bonding and
Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 94.1 and the
notes thereto, for a process of treating a hide, skin or
leather with chemicals and fluids, particularly see
subclasses 94.16+ for a method of removing hair from a hide
by the use of a chemical.
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.01 for processes for
condensing, compacting, smoothing or polishing the surface of
metallic or nonmetallic articles.
100, Presses, subclasses 35+ for methods of pressing not
elsewhere provided for.
112, Sewing, appropriate subclasses for sewn leather or fur
stock material.
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
and see (2) Note above.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and
Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclass 692 for
electrolytic treatment of hides or skins.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, apporpriate
subclasses, particularly subclasses 102+ for stock material
which may be of leather and which includes stitching and a
discrete fastener, coating or adhesive bond, subclass 473 for
a plural layer product including a layer of animal membrane
(e.g., leather), and subclass 904 (a cross-reference art
collection) for artificial leather product or stock
material.
Subclass:
21.5
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Processes which
are directed to, or include, a step of beveling or splitting
the hide skin or leather article as defined in subclass 9
above.
Subclass:
22
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Processes
directed to the specialized treatment of skins provided with
hair, because of the presence of the hair.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
2, Apparel, subclass 65 and 66 for fur garments.
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 94.14 and 404,
for the dyeing of fur and the treatment of a fur with a
fluid.
112, Sewing, subclass 401 for a patent for a plurality of
fur sections joined in edge-to-edge relation by sewing, and
subclasses 475.01+ for a method of sewing fur.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses 85+
for stock material comprising animal skin with the fur
attached, and including structure other than or in addition
to stitching.
Subclass:
23
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Apparatus for the
specialized treatment of skins provided with hair, because of
the presence of the hair.
(1) Note. For apparatus for the treatment of hides or skins
having hair thereon but not modified to particularly treat
them because of the presence of the hair thereon, see other
appropriate subclasses of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclass 2 for the removal
of fur fibers from the hide in which the said fibers are
recovered in a condition suitable for use in textile
processes.
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 15+ for the
finishing of fur by shearing the fur fibers to a uniform
length or to produce a decorative effect.
112, Sewing, subclasses 16+ for sewing machines specialized
for use on furs.
Subclass:
24
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus for
removal of the coarse or "water" hairs from a skin.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, subclasses 227+.
Subclass:
25
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus for
removing the coarse or "water" hairs from a skin by clipping
the hairs.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
26, Textiles: Cloth Finishing, subclasses 15+.
28, Textiles: Manufacturing, subclasses 222+ for methods
and apparatus for clearing threads of unwanted fibrils or
other protruding matter.
30, Cutlery.
Subclass:
26
This subclass is indented under subclass 24. Apparatus for
removing the coarse or "water" hairs from a skin by plucking
them therefrom.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
452, Butchering, subclasses 82+ for gripping-type epidermal
outgrowth removers.
Subclass:
27
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus for
the smoothing, combing, carding, or otherwise orienting the
hairs on the skin.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, for brushing
machines, brushes, wipers, et cetera of general utility.
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation, subclasses 98+ and
subclasses 115+ for combing and carding machines used in
preparing fibrous materials for use in textile processes.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, appropriate subclass, for
apparatus for smoothing or ironing textile fabrics.
132, Toilet, subclasses 219+ for combs designed to be used
by inserting the teeth into the hair of a person.
Subclass:
28
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Apparatus, for
the treatment of the skin with a fluid.
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass are directed
to apparatus for dyeing or carroting of the hair while on the
skin.
(2) Note. The tanning or other fluid treatment of hides,
skins, or leather even though provided with hairs, are not
included in this subclass, for which see this class,
subclasses 29+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 29+ (see note 2).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclasses 404+ for
processes of coloring fur or hair, subclass 94.14, for the
fluid treatment of fur not otherwise provided for and
subclass 112 for processes of carroting furs.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclasses, for processes and apparatus within that class
definition; this subclass including such subject matter when
combined with other treatments of fur not provided for in
Class 34.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, appropriate subclass,
for apparatus, for treating textiles with fluid.
118, Coating Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for apparatus
for coating hides, skins or leather, and see section V of the
class definition of Class 118 for the line between Class 69
and Class 118.
Subclass:
29
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins and leather with
a fluid not more specifically provided for elsewhere.
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass and indented
subclasses, are directed to apparatus for tanning hides or
skins.
(2) Note. This subclass includes the fluid treatment, of
hides, skins or leather even though the hair remains thereon,
unless there is also some treatment of the hair; for the
latter, see this class, subclass 23, or indented subclasses,
especially subclass 28.
(3) Note. This and the indented subclasses take patents
defining more than mere vat or tank structure. Such
structures, per se, are in the appropriate structure class,
particularly Class 52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),
Class 217, Wooden Receptacles, and Class 220, Receptacles,
noted below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical
Modification of Textiles and Fibers, subclass 94.1 for
processes of treating hides, skins or leather with a fluid.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, appropriate
subclass, for processes and apparatus within the definition
of that class: this subclass and indented subclasses
including such subject matter when combined with other
treatments of hides, skins or leather not provided for in
class 34.
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), particularly
subclasses 192+ and 264+.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, for apparatus, for
the fluid treatment of textiles.
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, and see the
notes thereto for other apparatus for treating solid
materials other than hides, skins, and leather with liquids.
217, Wooden Receptacles, particularly subclass 4.
220, Receptacles, appropriate subclasses.
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology, subclass
265 for apparatus for treating hides, skins, et cetera, by
processes which involve fermentation.
Subclass:
30
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Apparatus, in
which the hides are enclosed in a rotating drum during the
fluid treatment.
(1) Note. The drum may be perforate, or imperforate; and the
hides may be attached to the drum, the hides, skins, or
leather must be at least partially enclosed in the drum.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass
108, 109, 126-142, and see the notes to subclass 108.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclasses 139+.
Subclass:
31
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Apparatus
including means to agitate the fluid with which the hides,
skins, or leather is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
366, Agitating, for agitators of general application, but
agitators especially designed for use in the fluid treating
of hides, skins, or leather are here.
Subclass:
32
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Apparatus,
including means, for moving the hide, skin, or leather
through the fluid with which the same is treated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
30 for rotating drums containing the hide, skin, or leather;
however, rotating drums or frames with hides, skins, or
leather attached to the outside thereof are in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclasses 148-170
for textile fluid treating apparatus in which the textiles
are moved through the treating fluid.
Subclass:
33
Apparatus for treating hides, skins, or leather by folding,
flexing, crumpling, suppling, or similar action for
stretching, softening and rendering the same more flexible.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
46 for machines which stretch leather by rubbing action of a
member over the surface of the hide or leather.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 127+ for working successive
portions of a metal workpiece by deflecting it from a path of
movement with respect to a deforming tool.
Subclass:
34
This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Apparatus in
which the hide, skin or leather is passed over a sharp edge
so that the hide, skin or leather is flexed or folded over
the sharp edge.
Subclass:
35
This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Apparatus in
which the hide, skin or leather is folded upon itself, grain
side inward, the fold is then passed over the hide, skin or
leather.
(1) Note. In most of the patents, pressure is applied to the
leather at the fold, the purpose being to alter the
appearance of the grain side of the leather commonly known as
"boarding".
(2) Note. The distinction between the subject matter of this
subclass and that of subclass 34 is that the apparatus of
subclass 34 includes a sharp edge over which the hide, skin
or leather is folded, whereas in this subclass the hide, skin
or leather is folded upon itself.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
33 for "fulling" mills in which a hide, skin or leather is
wound upon a mandrel within a cage like member, the direction
of rotation of the mandrel being reversed so as to cause the
leather to double back upon itself.
Subclass:
36
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins, or leather with
a band type knife, and not more specifically provided for
elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for band type knife machines for skiving or splitting
leather.
Subclass:
37
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins or leather by the
use of a tool which is positively rotated about its own axis
during contact with the hide, skin or leather worked upon.
(1) Note. The tool may be of any configuration such as a
scraper, roll, brush roll, smooth roll, et cetera.
(2) Note. Machines having tools which are rotated solely by
contact with the hide, skin, or leather being worked upon are
not in this subclass, or indented subclasses, for which see
the appropriate subclass below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 90.01 for machines or processes
for condensing, compacting, smoothing, or polishing the
surface of metallic or nonmetallic articles, usually by
rubbing with a smooth surface of greater hardness than that
of the article being operated upon.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, particularly subclasses
44+, and subclasses 100 and 101 for ironing and smoothing
apparatus for use on textiles.
Subclass:
38
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus which
includes means for grinding or cleaning the rotary tool
during the operation of the machine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclasses
246+ for cleaning devices within that class which are
attached to the article or machine upon which they are to
operate, and combinations of such articles or machines with
the attachments when the article or machine is set forth in
only insufficient detail to provide a setting for the
attached cleaning device.
451, Abrading, subclasses 415+, particularly subclasses 419+
for an attachment for grinding part of a machine to which it
is attached, and to the combination of a machine with such
attachment when the structure of the machine to which it is
attached is not significantly claimed.
Subclass:
39
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the tool rotates about a vertical axis and the hide,
skin or leather is placed on a horizontal work support, the
working surface of the tool being the radial surface
thereof.
Subclass:
40
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the rotating tool has additional motion other than
rotation, during its operation upon a hide, skin or leather.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 and 46, for tools which have nonrotary motion, and also
rotation about the axis of the tool, the rotation being due
solely to contact with the hide, skin or leather worked
upon.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
appropriate subclasses, for drilling machines which feed the
work or tool or both relative to one another along the axis
of relative rotation of tool and work; and, see the Notes
thereto for other machines with means to feed a rotating tool
relative to work.
Subclass:
41
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the hide, skin or leather, during treatment with the
rotating tool, is supported by a flexible belt or apron.
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass are drawn to
machines having an endless belt work support which carries
the hide, skin or leather past the tool. Also the belt may
itself be supported at a point opposite the tool by a roll or
other means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclass 153 for concurrent conveying and
pressing presses of the endless conveyor type, not elsewhere
provided for, and having a roll element co-acting with the
endless conveyor to effect the compressing.
Subclass:
42
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the hide, skin or leather, during treatment with the
rotating tool, is supported by a cylindrical roll.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclasses 155+ for roller type concurrent
pressing and conveying presses, not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
43
This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Apparatus in
which the only rotating tool is a roll which does not have
blades theron or any other irregular surface configuration.
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass are for
leather wringers and for roller presses for leather.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 44+ for
similar apparatus for ironing or smoothing of textiles.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating, Apparatus, subclasses 244+
for similar apparatus for wringing textiles.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere
provided for, and see the notes thereunder.
Subclass:
44
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Apparatus in
which the hide, skin or leather is placed on a work support
which is in motion during the treatment of the hide, skin or
leather.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for machines having moving belt type work supports.
42 and 43, for machines having cylindrical work supports.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclass 156 for roller type concurrent
conveying and pressing presses, not elsewhere provided for,
in which the roller co-acts with a nonrotary surface.
Subclass:
45
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins or leather by the
use of a tool which is pivoted about a point external from
the tool and the tool turns about the pivot during treatment
of the hide, skin or leather.
(1) Note. The tool may be of any configuratin such as a
scraper brush, burnishing tool, free turning roll, et
cetera.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclass 210 for roll and platen presses, not
elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
46
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins or leather having
a tool which has a translatory motion while in contact with
the hide, skin or leather.
(1) Note. The tool may be of any configuration such as a
scraper brush, burnishing tool, free turning roll, et
cetera.
Subclass:
47
Apparatus for the treatment of hides, skins or leather in
which the hide, skin or leather is placed on a support which
is in motion during the treatment of the hide, skin or
leather.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 through 44, for machines having rotating tools and work
supports which are in motion during the treatment of the
hide, skin or leather.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
100, Presses, subclasses 144+ for concurrent type pressing
and conveying presses not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
48
Apparatus for treating leather in which opposing forces are
brought to bear upon the leather which tend to compress the
leather, not otherwise provided for.
(1) Note. Machines which exert a pressing action on leather
in which a member moves over the surface of the leather are
classified above on the basis of the structure of the
machine, see particularly subclass 43 for opposing roller
type press.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for roller presses. (See note 1).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclasses 25-43, 71 and
72 for presses having two press platens for use in smoothing
or ironing-textiles.
68, Textiles: Fluid Treating Apparatus, subclass 241 and 242
for platen presses used in expressing liquid from textiles.
100, Presses, subclasses 214+ for reciprocating platen
presses not elsewhere provided for.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000