U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
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Class 059
CHAIN, STAPLE, AND HORSESHOE MAKING
Class Definition:
This class includes generally chain, staple, horseshoe, and
ox-shoe making, swivel making being included under Chain
making.
Also the article subclasses of Chains, including general
purpose and ornamental chains and swivels.
For further explanation in regard to what may be included in
the above art and article subclasses, see the definitions,
particularly those given under the head of each of the arts.
Chain Making. Relates to the broad art of chain making and
includes all patents for machines, apparatus, blanks and
processes relating to the manufacture of chains or links,
except such as shall be referred to hereinafter. Includes
patents relating to the manufacture of swivels (see
References to This Class, below).
(1) Note. The manufacture of simple links for car-couplings
will be found in appropriate subclasses under this head.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
Rolling machines or rolls designed especially for the
manufacture of chains, chain-links, horseshoes, horseshoe
bars or calks, and staples in which there is invention in the
construction or operation of the means or parts which give
the form to the blank or article produced are included in
this class; otherwise in Class 72, Metal Deforming.
If the invention resides simply in the manner of attaching
the dies to the rolls, the patents will be found in Class 72,
Metal Deforming.
This class is closely related to Classes 29, Metal Working;
72, Metal Deforming; 83, Cutting; and 140, Wireworking, which
classes should be kept in mind in completing a search in this
class.
Machines which coil the wire or rod into a helix or which
coil the helix and cut-off coils or sections to form links
are found in Class 72, Metal Deforming. If the machine, in
addition to coiling and cutting, gives link form to the part
cut off or assembles such parts into a chain, it will be
classified in this class.
Electric heating and welding machines and processes
comprising any invention in the means of applying or process
of application are classified elsewhere. If however, the use
of electricity is incidental and the claims embrace no novel
features relating thereto, the patents will be classified
herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 for patents relating to the manufacture of swivels.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 135+ for machines which
coil the wire or rod into a helix or which coil the helix and
cut-off coils or sections to form links.
100, Presses, appropriate subclasses for presses not
elsewhere provided for.
291, Electric Heating for electric heating and welding
machines and processes comprising any invention in the means
of applying or process of application.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
Miscellaneous inventions in chain making not included in the
subclasses under this head.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
249, Static Molds, subclass 57 for molds for forming chain
and other ring-like products.
Subclass:
2
Devices for forming metallic bead chains, said chains usually
consisting of hollow balls or beads joined to one another by
connecting links.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclasses 343+ for disclosure of
hollow ball making by push-drawing.
Subclass:
3
Apparatus for making chains formed or oval or elongated links
bent into substantially U shape, the link being passed
through the previously-formed link or links before being
bent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
13 and 15.
Subclass:
4
Devices for forming or uniting the parts or units of a
roller-chain.
Subclass:
5
Miscellaneous machines and devices employed in the
manufacture of sprocket chains.
Subclass:
6
Machines for forming sprocket chains or links out of sheet
metal.
Subclass:
7
Machines for assembling or disassembling the finished
sprocket-links to form a chain.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclasses 700+ for means for assembling
or disassembling in general.
Subclass:
8
Blanks and processes used in making sprocket-chains.
Subclass:
9
Apparatus employed in the manufacture of swivels used as
connecting means between chains, cables, or similar
articles.
Subclass:
10
Machines for forming chains with solid links from a
continuous bar or blank by rolling, swaging, or cutting and
without bending, winding, or welding. This type of machine
usually forms the chain from a bar cruciform in
cross-section.
(1) Note. To distinguish between rolling- machines and
machines for making weldless chains by rolling, see note
under general class definition.
Subclass:
11
Machines which separate or cut apart links formed in the
manufacture of weldless chains from a continuous bar or rod.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10
Subclass:
12
Blanks and processes used in the manufacture of weldless
chains.
Subclass:
13
Miscellaneous machines and apparatus for making links or
chains from sheet metal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for machines for
crimping, corrugating, beading, bending and embossing sheet
metal.
Subclass:
14
Apparatus for making chains from sheet metal having links
formed from sheet metal with prongs or projections and
corresponding apertures or notches, whereby the links may be
connected with one another. Chains of this character are
usually designed for ornamental purposes.
Subclass:
15
Machines which stamp or cut the link from sheet metal, thread
it through the previously formed link, and bend it back upon
itself.
Subclass:
16
Miscellaneous combined machines not otherwise classifiable.
(1) Note. Search this class, combined machine subclasses
under Horseshoe-Making and Staple-Making.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, for residual metal working machines, and
Class 29, Metal Working, subclasses 33+ for the same
additionally involving assembly and see the notes
thereunder.
100, Presses, subclass 102 for presses combined with other
features and not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
17
Machines for forming wire-curb-chains by coiling the wire
into a helix, cutting it into sections, bending it into link
form, the links being assembled to form the chains, and
giving to the links a curbed or twisted form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for chain-curbing machines.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 66 and 129+ for a coiling and
cutting machine.
Subclass:
18
Machines for performing the above operations in chain making.
Specific feeding means are not shown and described in every
case.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 13+ for corresponding
apparatus not limited to chain making.
Subclass:
19
Machines which feed a continuous wire or rod to a cutting
mechanism, passing it through the previously formed link, and
then bend it into link form, wrapping or twisting the ends of
the wire around other portions of the link in order to
securely fasten said ends, and so dispense with welding. In
some cases no specific feeding or cutting means are shown.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
140, Wireworking, subclass 72, 88, 102, and 104.
Subclass:
20
Machines for forming chains from a continuous rod or wire by
coiling such rod or wire into a helix, cutting off sections
to form links, and assembling and uniting the links to form a
completed chain.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 66 and 129+ for a coiling and
cutting machine.
140, Wireworking, subclasses indented under Article Making or
Forming.
Subclass:
21
Machines for bending link-blanks into U- shaped links and
forming eyes at the ends of the links, the blank generally
being thrust through the eyes of the previously formed link
before being bent.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 3.
Subclass:
22
Combined machines and devices for bending the links into form
and welding the ends together. In some of the machines of
this type the links are automatically assembled before
welding. These machines may also include means for
completing the act of welding by shaping the links.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 and 31.
Subclass:
23
Combined machines for cutting from a bar, rod, or wire
sufficient for a link and then bending it into the general or
completed form of a link.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27 for bending devices for chain-links.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 5.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate "with cutting" subclasses.
140, Wireworking, subclass 88.
Subclass:
24
Combined machines for cutting and bending having automatic
means for feeding the rod or wire to the cutting mechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 18, 19, 37, 38+, 49+, 66, and 71+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material or Indeterminate Length, appropriate
subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding
material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to
effect movement of the material.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,
subclasses 62+ for means for cutting in the manner of that
class, combined with work-infeed means.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, appropriate subclasses, except as provided for
in Class 408.
Subclass:
25
Combined machines for cutting and bending having an automatic
feed and in which the links are assembled into a completed
chain.
Subclass:
26
Combined machines for making chains by winding several
convolutions of the stock or wire into link form and welding
the same into an integral link. These machines are usually
constructed so that the convolutions of the link being wound
shall pass through the previously formed link. Also machines
which simply perform the operation of winding without
welding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 15+ for similar
apparatus not limited to chain making.
Subclass:
27
Machines and devices for bending links into complete form in
the finished chain or preparatory to the operation of
welding.
(1) Note. Search the subclasses indented under Combined
machines which include the operation of bending; also in the
appropriate subclasses under Horseshoe-making and
Staple-making.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses under 33+ and 700+
for assembly apparatus, and subclasses 428+ for an assembly
method, particularly subclasses 432+ for piercing of one
workpiece by another, e.g., a staple, and subclasses 505+ for
deforming one element about another, e.g., clenching a clip.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses.
140, Wireworking, appropriate subclasses.
Subclass:
28
Devices for imparting a curb form to chains.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 and 17.
Subclass:
29
Machines and apparatus for trimming, straightening,
stretching, or otherwise imparting uniform dimensions to
chain-links after they have received their general form.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 30, 31, and 33.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 8.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses "with cutting".
Subclass:
30
Machines or devices for giving form to the link by swaging or
the like.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 22 and 29, for machines for trimming the links to give
them equal dimensions after they have received their general
form, and 33.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 9 and 34.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses.
101, Printing, subclasses 4+ for impressing ornamental
forms into a link.
Subclass:
31
Apparatus particularly adapted for use in welding
chain-links. All machines in which there is invention in the
form of die are included in this group. Includes machines
having, in addition to the welding means, means for
completing the weld by sizing or shaping the link.
(1) Note. Welding-machines in which the invention resides
entirely in the means for operating the power hammer or press
are included in Class 228, Metal Fusion Bonding, as are also
those machines adapted for general welding and having no
construction peculiar to chain welding machines. For
distinction between Class 59 and Class 219, Electric Heating,
see note under definition of Chain making.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 and appropriate subclasses indented thereunder; also
subclass 35 for processes.
Subclass:
32
Machines which rotate the links during the act of welding.
In some cases the act of rotation threads the link to be
welded into the previously welded link.
Subclass:
33
Inventions in the welding dies, per se. It includes also
such patents as show or claim finishing or sizing dies in
addition to the welding dies.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22
Subclass:
34
Devices for holding a link or previously formed part of a
chain in a convenient position or for manipulating it during
the operation of welding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses. Class 269 is the
residual locus for patents to a device for clamping,
supporting and/or holding an article (or articles) in
position to be operated on or treated. See notes thereunder
for other related loci.
Subclass:
35.1
Blanks and processes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Blanks for use in
chain making or processes thereunder employed in chain making
or link formation.
(1) Note. Patents having claims both to the chain or link
as an article and also to the blank or process will be found
in the appropriate subclasses (59/78) under the head of
CHAINS.
(2) Note. Blanks and processes relating to the manufacture
of sprocket chains are classified in subclass 8, and those
relating to the manufacture of weldless chains in subclass 12
of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclasses 592+ for miscellaneous
processes of mechanical manufacture not elsewhere provided
for, and including assembly by mechanical jointure.
72, Metal Deforming, any appropriate subclass preceding
subclass 362 for a process there provided for, and
subclasses 362+ for a residual process.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, subclasses 101+ for
metallurgical bonding in general and subclass 192 for bonding
in the manufacture of a chain link.
Subclass:
36
Miscellaneous horseshoe making inventions not included in the
subclasses indented hereunder.
Subclass:
37
Machines performing two or more functions or operations in
the manufacture of horseshoes which are not classified in the
more specific subclasses.
(1) Note. This subclass is largely made up of machines
which form calks or clips in addition to the other operations
of bending, swaging, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, for plastic metal working processes or
apparatus, with or without cutting.
100, Presses, subclass 102 for presses combined with other
features and not elsewhere provided for.
Subclass:
38
Miscellaneous combined machines for performing the above
operations. Machines of this type may or may not have means
for feeding forward the blank for operation upon by the
machine.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 56, 57, and 58.
Subclass:
39
Machines which in addition to cutting, bending, shaping,
punching, and creasing perform one or more operations
relating to the bending or forming of calks or clips.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 and 65.
Subclass:
40
Machines in which a reciprocating motion is imparted to the
die-block around which the blank is bent or to the jaws which
bend the blank around the die-block.
Subclass:
41
Machines of this type which have in addition to the
reciprocating jaw or die-block a reciprocating means for
punching and creasing the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
42 for reciprocating punches and creasers.
Subclass:
42
Machines having a rotary die-block or former around which the
blank is bent.
Subclass:
43
Machines having in addition to the rotary die-block or former
around which the blank is bent a rotary means for punching
and creasing the blank or shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
40 for rotary punches and creasers.
Subclass:
44
Miscellaneous combined machines for performing the operations
above enumerated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 57 and 58.
Subclass:
45
Machines in which reciprocating motion is communicated to the
die-block around which the blank is bent or to jaws which
bend the blank around the die-block.
Subclass:
46
Combined machines which have reciprocating means for punching
and creasing the shoe in addition to the reciprocating jaws
or die- block for bending and shaping the blank.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for reciprocating punches and creasers.
Subclass:
47
Combined machines performing the above operations which have
a rotary die-block around which the blank is bent.
Subclass:
48
Combined bending, shaping, punching, and creasing, rotary
die-block machines having in addition to the rotary die-block
rotary means for punching and creasing the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 for rotary punches and creasers.
Subclass:
49
Miscellaneous combined machines performing the above
operations. Machines of this type may or may not have means
for feeding forward the blanks to the cutting apparatus.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
38 56 and 58.
Subclass:
50
Combined cutting, bending, and shaping horseshoe-making
machines having a reciprocating die-block or former around
which the blank is bent.
Subclass:
51
Combined cutting, bending and shaping horseshoe-making
machines characterized by a rotary die-block or former around
which the blank is bent in the formation of the shoe.
Subclass:
52
Miscellaneous machines for bending the blank into the form of
a horseshoe and at the same time or subsequently giving shape
to the shoe by swaging or other means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 and 58.
Subclass:
53
Machines having a reciprocating die-block or former around
which the blank is bent.
Subclass:
54
Machines having a rotary die-block or former around which the
blank is bent.
Subclass:
55
Combined machines for shaping the shoe and also punching or
creasing, or both.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 for shaping and punching and creasing before the blank is
bent; 57, and 58.
Subclass:
56
Machines or devices particularly designed for bending the bar
or blank into the general form or shape of a shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 52+ for machines which thicken the heels in
addition to bending; and appropriate subclasses under the
heads of Chain-Making and Staple-Making.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses.
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses.
Subclass:
57
Machines and apparatus for performing either one or both the
above operations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
subclasses 37+ 60 and 63.
Subclass:
58
Machines and devices for swaging, rolling, or in any manner
shaping or giving form to the shoe. May include means for
thickening up heels or ends of shoes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 and appropriate subclasses indented thereunder; 60 and
63.
Subclass:
59
Machines and devices for trimming horseshoe or for removing
the burs raised in the operations of punching and creasing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, appropriate subclasses.
Subclass:
60
Dies designed to be used in forming or making horseshoes;
also tools for use in making or shaping calks and horseshoes
and not adapted for general purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61 and 65, also subclass 66 for dies for forming calks.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
168, Farriery, for such tools as operate on the shoe when it
is on the horse's foot.
Subclass:
61
The title indicates the contents of this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 for processes for rolling blanks or bars.
68 for processes for making calks.
Subclass:
62
Blanks and bars designed especially for use in the
manufacture of horseshoes; also machines and apparatus for
producing blanks and bars which are not classified in the
subclasses under this head.
(1) Note. Patents having claims both to the blank or bar
and to the shoe are classified in Class 168, Farriery.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
168, Farriery, subclass 4 and 24.
Subclass:
63
Rolling-machines and rolls for forming blanks or bars
particularly designed for horseshoes. One or more of the
operations of beveling, punching, and creasing or
calk-forming may be performed during the rolling of the
blank. Does not include machines which bend the blank into
the general form of horseshoe or which operate on the blank
after it has been so bent.
(1) Note. To distinguish between the machines of this group
and those found in Class 72, Metal Deforming, see Lines with
Other Classes under the general definition of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 for machines with rolls which simply punch and crease the
blank;
66 67, 68 for rolling-machines for forming calks.
Subclass:
64
Processes or methods for producing blanks and bars for
horseshoes by rolling.
Subclass:
65
Machines and devices which perform one or more of the above
operations such as show means for forming the calk or clip
from the horseshoe-blank or operating upon the calk in
connection with the shoe.
(1) Note. The thickening of the heels may be included in
the operation of shaping in subclass 58 or in any of the
subclasses under Combined machines which include shaping.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
37 39 and 66+, for machines which form the calks apart from
the shoe.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 460 for metal shaping anvil
vises.
168, Farriery, for machines for sharpening calks when the
shoe is on the horse's foot.
269, Work Holders, appropriate subclasses, for workholders
residually.
Subclass:
66
Apparatus for making horseshoe-calks.
(1) Note. For distinction between this subclass and
subclass 65, see Note under the definition of that subclass.
Subclass:
67
Blanks and bars designed for use in the manufacture of
horseshoe-calks or from which the calks are cut.
Subclass:
68
Processes or methods for making or treating calks or the
blanks or bars from which the calks are made.
Subclass:
69
Includes calks which are not removable and in which there is
invention in the means for attaching them to the shoes.
(1) Note. For calks not included in the subclass, see Class
168, Farriery.
Subclass:
70
Miscellaneous machines, apparatus, blanks, and processes
particularly designed for use in the manufacture of
ox-shoes.
(1) Note. This art is analogous to that of
horseshoe-making, and in most cases the search should be
completed by reference to the appropriate subclasses under
Horseshoe-Making.
Subclass:
71
Machines, apparatus, blanks, and processes for making or
forming staples of general U-shape having legs substantially
equal in length and adapted to be driven into wood or other
material, including staples for general purposes and such as
are made by machines which cannot be classified in the
specific art classes and subclasses.
(1) Note. For the distinctions between this class and Class
72, Metal Deforming, see Lines with Other Classes under the
general definition of this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 3 and 5.
29, Metal Working, subclass 4 for machines for forming
staples for fastening buttons to shoes.
29, Metal Working, subclass 13 for machines for making
staples for paper-fasteners.
81, Tools, for tools for bending wire into U-shape.
72, Metal Deforming, search appropriate subclasses for
bending devices, also in this class in the subclasses of
Bending under Chain-Making and Horseshoe-making.
140, Wireworking, for forming clips from wire.
227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus, subclasses 82+ for
combined apparatus for forming a member, e.g., staple, and
driving it into work.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclass 134 and 160 for pointing devices for
nail making machines.
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process
and Apparatus, subclass 195 for wire nail barb and pointing
machines.
Subclass:
72
Machines for making staples from sheet- metal strips or
plates.
Subclass:
73
Combined machines which perform the operations of cutting,
bending, and barbing or corrugating. This type of machine
may or may not have an automatic feeding mechanism for
feeding the wire to the cutting apparatus.
(1) Note. See Notes under general head of Staple Making.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, appropriate subclass.
140, Wireworking, subclass 105.
Subclass:
74
Machines which perform the above operations, the
point-forming operation being distinct and separate from the
operation of cutting the wire or rod into lengths.
(1) Note. See Notes under general head of Staple Making.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for machines, apparatus, blanks, and processes for making
or forming staples of general U-shape.
Subclass:
75
Machines for cutting the wire into lengths and bending into
staple form. These machines may or may not have an automatic
feeding mechanism, and the cutting mechanism may also operate
to point the staples.
(1) Note. See appropriate subclasses under Chain Making and
Horseshoe-Making.
Subclass:
76
Machines for cutting and bending having a rotary former or
die-block around which the staple is bent or rotary jaws or
lugs for bending it around a stationary die-block.
Subclass:
77
Processes of manufacture and blanks or bars designed to be
used in staple making.
(1) Note. The line between this class (59) and Class 206,
Special Receptacle or Package, and Class 411, Expanded,
Threaded, Driven, Headed, Tool-Deformed, or Lock-Threaded
Fastener, is as follows: In this class (59), this subclass
(77), the blank may have the appearance of a mass of
partially-shaped, nonsevered, staple-like elements; however,
significant additional shaping, plus severing, is required to
convert the blank into a plurality of staples. In Class 206,
subclasses 340+, the package may be one of
severably-connected staples. In Class 411, subclasses 442+,
a plurality of fasteners of the class are secured one to
another (e.g., a strip of staples).
(2) Note. A claim, even though stated to be a "blank",
which is readable upon a completed article for Class 411,
Expanded, Threaded, Driven, Headed, Tool-Deformed,
Locked-Threaded Fastener, subclasses 442 and 457 is
classified therein, for such a claim is generic to both the
blank and the article, and therefore is considered to be best
classified with the article.
(3) Note. Patents having claims to both the article and
process or method are found in Class 411, Expanded, Threaded,
Driven, Headed, Tool-Deformed, or Locked-Threaded Fastener,
subclasses 457+.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 206 for a
fastener package including an ancillary content contacting
medium and subclasses 338+ for a fastener package. See (1)
Note, above.
411, Expanded, Threaded, Driven, Headed, Tool-Deformed, or
Locked-Threaded Fastener, subclasses 442+ and 457+, and see
Notes (1) to (3) above.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclasses
571+ for metallic stock having a weakened portion for
severing, and subclass 587 for a metallic workpiece mimicking
the cross section of finished stock.
Subclass:
78
This is the generic locus of concatenated elements known as
"chains" and includes both general-purpose and ornamental
chains and swivel link mechanisms.
(1) Note. Patents showing bars, beads, links or rings
strung upon or attached to parallel flexible elements; or
lugs or projections attached to continuous flexible elements
as belts or cables; will be found in 474, Endless Belt Power
Transmission Systems or Components, or in Class 63, Jewelry,
depending upon whether they are designed as machine elements
or for jewelry or personal wear.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, subclasses 9+ for a motor vehicle
adapted to travel upon at least one track carried by the
vehicle, which track ordinarily comprises an assembly of
concatenated elements.
211, Supports: Racks, subclass 119.14 for isolated supports
with flexible linked supporting means joining the supports.
305, Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles, subclass 185 for
endless flexible tracks for land vehicles.
63, Jewelry, and see (1) Note, above.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
particularly subclasses 202+ for a positive drive power
transmission belt; and subclasses 237+ for a friction drive
power transmission belt.
D8, Tools and Hardware, subclass 499 for ornamental forms of
chain.
Subclass:
78.1
Chains, generally used for supporting chandeliers or the
like, in which the links are provided with grooves, openings,
or passageways for receiving electric conductors or for
providing a conduit for gas or other fluid. The chain may be
provided with end fittings such as nipples, hooks, eyes,
etc., for attaching the chain to a fixed object or for
attaching an article to the chain. The mere recital,
broadly, in the claims of electric conductors does not
operate to exclude a patent which would otherwise be
classified herein.
(1) Note. For sectional conduits made up of sections which
do not constitute "chain" links, see Class 138, Pipes and
Tubular Conduits, subclass 120 for a pipe made up of jointed
sections which do not constitute "chain" links.
(2) Note. For chandelier supports in general, see Class
248, Supports, subclasses 317+ and Notes thereto.
Subclass:
79.1
Elastic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 78. Chains which
upon the application of tension will be extended and will
automatically resume their normal length when the tension is
removed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
114, Ships, subclasses 213+ for extensible springs used to
prevent tension or strain from rupturing yielding parts of a
ship.
267, Spring Devices, subclasses 69+ for elastic extension
devices which are extensible upon application of tension and
recover when the tension is removed; and subclasses 80+ for a
panel of interlinked extensible/recoverable spring-influenced
members (e.g., bed spring panel).
Subclass:
79.2
Coil spring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.1. Chains
comprising expansible chain linkages which are biased to
retract by a continuous coil spring passing through a
plurality of links.
Subclass:
79.3
Sliding link:
This subclass is indented under subclass 79.1. Chains
comprising expansible chain linkages in which links are
slidable upon each other to expanded and contracted
positions.
Subclass:
80
Chains ornamental in appearance designed for jewelry or
personal wear, and includes chains having alternate or
different links composed of different materials, or the links
joined in a manner to render the chain ornamental in
appearance, or the individual links composed of different
metals or materials which render them ornamental in
appearance, or having parts or features rendering the chains
ornamental in appearance, but which parts or features would
possess no particular utility in a general purpose chain.
Metallic bead chains are included in this subclass.
(1) Note. Where the invention resides in the structure of
an ornamental fabric, per se, and does not include features
characteristic of chains, it will be classified in Class 63,
Jewelry, appropriate subclasses or Class 245, Wire Fabrics
and Structure, appropriate subclasses.
(2) Note. This subclass does not include wire curb-chains
or chains made up of twisted-wire links. Such chains are
found in this class, subclass 83.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
D11, Jewelry, Symbolic Insignia, and Ornaments, subclass 13
for ornamental chain designs.
Subclass:
81
Chains composed of two or more parallel rows or strands or
roller links or beads having means extending transversely of
the chain for connecting them.
Subclass:
82
Inventions limited to the construction of the link.
Subclass:
83
Chains composed of wire links or elements. If the invention
be limited to the link structure, the patents will be
classified in the appropriate subclass under the head of
Links.
(1) Note. As to what wire chains should be included under
ornamental chains, see definition of subclass 80, herein.
Elastic wire chains will be found in subclass 79 herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
245, Wire Fabrics and Structure, subclass 4.
Subclass:
84
Miscellaneous inventions in the construction of the link.
This subclass includes links made up of two or more parts or
composed of different materials.
(1) Note. Plain oval or elongated car- coupling links will
be found in this subclass and also in subclass 90.
(2) Note. For links intended for use for anti-skid
purposes, see Class 152, Resilient Tires and Wheels,
subclasses 243-245.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for ornamental Links.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, subclass 184
and 207 for insulator terminals in the form of links or
clevises.
Subclass:
85
Links or coupling devices of the general form of a chain-link
which are designed to replace broken links or connect chains
or parts of chains without heating or welding. These links
should be capable of receiving two chain-links and furnishing
bearings for the same, one at each end of the detachable
link.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include hooks or coupling
members or devices which are especially designed for other
purposes and are classifiable elsewhere, as
whiffletree-connectors, clevises, etc. Lap links or rings
designed for general use and which answer the above
requirements will be included in this subclass. For links
for connecting sprocket-chains, see Class 474, Endless Belt
Power Transmission Systems or Components, particularly
subclasses 202+ for positive drive power transmission belts
and links used in such belts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclass 598.2 for a
ring shaped projection member of a separable-fastener,
subclasses 598.4+ for a hook with a gate for closing its
access throat, and subclasses 698.1+ for a hook shaped
projection member of a separable-fastener.
54, Harness, subclass 30 and 53.
70, Locks, subclass 456.
114, Ships, subclass 113 and 114.
278, Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, subclasses
90+.
403, Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for
connections in general.
Subclass:
86
Couplings for chains or parts of chains comprising U or link
shaped members pivoted together by a removable pin and having
means for normally retaining the pin in position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
85
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses 573+ for a
three part separable-fastener.
70, Locks, subclass 18 for shackles embodying lock
mechanism.
114, Ships, subclass 114.
278, Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, subclasses
96+.
Subclass:
87
Links comprising two main members, usually constituting the
sides of the links, which members overlap each other at and
for some distance adjacent their extremities. The members
may or may not have interlocking lugs and recesses.
Subclass:
88
Double-lap links which are pivoted together or have means for
maintaining them in pivotal relation.
Subclass:
89
Links having pivoted closures which may or may not have
locking means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclasses, subclass
598.2 for a ring shaped projection member of a
separable-fastener.
70, Locks, subclass 456.
Subclass:
90
Such links as are formed of a single piece of metal or other
material.
(1) Note. Composite links made up of different metals will
be found in this class, subclass 84.
Subclass:
91
The title is self-explanatory.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 and 82.
Subclass:
92
Links usually formed from wire having their ends wrapped or
twisted about other portions of the links, thereby securely
fastening said ends and dispensing with welding.
Subclass:
93
Various devices not otherwise classifiable, such as hooks,
bars, and rings to be attached at or intermediate the ends of
the chain and becoming a part of and being used in connection
with the chain.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, for hand grips or handles applied
to chain ends.
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclass 114.5, 116 and
123.
54, Harness, subclass 30 and 53.
63, Jewelry, subclass 9.
278, Land Vehicles: Animal Draft Appliances, subclasses
90+.
Subclass:
95
Includes all devices in which the invention resides in the
swivel, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., subclass 905 for
swiveling devices shown with snap hooks for attaching a watch
to a chain.
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclass 43.1
and see the reference to this class (59) in the definition of
subclass 43.1.
285, Pipe Joints or Couplings, subclasses 272+ for a
swivelled pipe coupling.
403, Joints and Connections, subclasses 164+ for a swivel
connection in general.
482, Exercise Devices, particularly subclasses 87+ for a
multidirectionally movable bag or pad which may be supported
by a swivel.
CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS
Subclass:
900
PLASTIC:
Links which are made of plastic or contain significant
plastic portions.
Subclass:
901
CROSS PIN:
Links characterized by some particular significance in the
cross pin use at the pivot point with another link.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000