This class provides for means for determining the characteristics and the mutual relation of points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids, considered as having no properties but those arising from extension and difference of situation. It includes mechanically guided means for describing lines. Processes or methods are classified in the appropriate subclasses with instruments unless specifically provided for by a process subclass. For the most part specific subclasses are not provided for compound instruments; but an invention comprising matter classifiable in more than one specific subclass is placed in the subclass having the lowest number and cross-referenced into the subclass or subclasses having the higher number or numbers.
(1) Note. This class includes the combination of recording means with significant measuring structures of the type provided for in this class.
(2) Note. The following matter is excluded: The measurement of fluent material. Instruments falling in this class in
combination with check-controlled means or in combination with a series of signals exceeding two. Observation instruments in which the principle of operation depends upon diverting light. Means for guiding or stopping tools other than scribers. Means for automatically assorting objects. Means connected with a device classifiable elsewhere to automatically indicate the relative position of movable parts of said device. (This does not refer to means connected with a device classifiable elsewhere to indicate the position of said device with relation to other things not a part of the device).

REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

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7, Compound Tools, subclass 150 for hand saws combined with straight edges, levels, etc., to be used as gauges, try squares, etc.
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 89.2 for the combination of a straightedge with a blotter.
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclass for combinations of geometrical instruments with other characters of measuring and testing devices.
84, Music, 461 for devices for recording the movement of keys of a keyboard.
194, Check-Actuated Control Mechanisms, appropriate subclasses for instruments of the type found in this class in combination with check-controlled means for restricting their use.
338, Electrical Resistors, 13 for electrical resistors whose resistance value is responsive to a condition or with a condition sensing actuator, no structure being claimed such as a meter for indicating the resistance value. See also section XVI of the class definitions of Class 338.
340, Communications: Electrical, 870.01 for telemetric means per se comprising electrical transmitting means in combination with means designed to be located at a distance having a movable indicator electrically controlled by the transmitter but not limited to any particular instrument. The combinations of telemetric signaling means with measuring means of the type provided for in Class 33 are in Class 33.
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for recorders, per se.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, for optical angle, distance, alignment, or configuration determining or measuring instruments, or other mensuration or fiducial instruments. See sections III and V of the Class 356 definitions for the particular measuring instruments found in
Classes 33 and 356.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, 6 for determining a distance or position by measuring a related thermal quantity.

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Inventions falling not provided for in the following subclasses.

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for ascertaining the size and shape of clothing for the human body and for laying out the work from the data obtained.

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18 for devices which may be used in scribing the outlines of patterns.
175 for devices adapted to be adjusted to conform to a portion of the body and retain the form of that portion of the body when removed therefrom.
178 when the dimension desired is one of circular size only.
572 and 662, for devices for marking the position of buttons and buttonholes.

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223, Apparel Apparatus, 66 for forms upon which garments may be fitted.

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter relating to footwear.

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36, Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 8.4, for fitting shoes.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Means employed in laying out footwear.

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650 for gauges for marking the location of buttons and buttonholes for shoes.

This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Means having shapes corresponding to the desired shape of the portion of the footwear being laid out.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Methods employed in taking measurements for or in laying out footwear.

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17 for methods employed in taking measurements for or in laying out apparel other than footwear.

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Instruments for ascertaining garment dimensions having level or plumb attachments.

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365 for level or plumb structure, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Instruments having a portion adapted to rest on a support other than the body being fitted.

This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Stand-supported instruments for ascertaining the dimensions of skirts. Usually gauges for marking the bottom of the skirt.

This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Devices having platforms upon which the person being fitted stands.

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Means employed in laying out the garment on the cloth. Tailors' squares, unless especially designed for taking measurements from the body are considered laying out instruments and are classifiable here.

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403 for square and bevel and ruler structure generally.

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Means having shapes or outlines corresponding to the desired shape of the portion of the garment being designed. Also includes fabrics having pattern lines placed thereon.

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11 and 16, for curves and rules of various shapes which conform in part to the portion of the garment being laid out, but which are intended to be moved about from one side to another and not intended to correspond in shape to the entire portion under consideration.

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices having perforated outlines through which the garment may be marked on the fabric.

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices having relatively adjustable parts.

This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Devices adjustable by being placed upon the person and caused to conform thereto.

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512 for gauges which will retain a shape corresponding to the shape of the object when removed therefrom.

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Means adapted for laying out the garment, which have relatively adjustable parts.

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14 for adjustable patterns and charts.

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter comprising methods employed in taking measurements for and laying out apparel.

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6 for analogous methods involving footwear.

SCRIBER:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising mechanically guided relatively traveling means for describing a line.
(1) Note. The "means for describing a line" generally includes a scribing member.
(2) Note. The scribing member may scratch, score, engrave, ink, pencil or mark by other means.

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574 and 666+, for devices having marking points, but in which no special means is provided for permitting travel of the point or in which both points are not designed for drawing lines.

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30, Cutlery, 164.9 for hand manipulable devices for marking by means of cutting and subclass 310 for sweep cutters.
65, Glass Manufacturing, 174 for a glassworking apparatus combined with a mechanical cutter, scorer or scriber; see the "Search Notes" thereunder.
83, Cutting, 861 for devices for cutting other than completely through work thicknesswise.
84, Music, 461 for devices for recording the movement of keys of a keyboard.
144, Woodworking, subclass 42 for a woodworking machine which scores a board and slices it, and subclasses 136.1+ for a machine for longitudinally scoring and corrugating a wood surface.
172, Earth Working, 126 for a means for making a guide line
in the earth combined with some other earth working means and see other appropriate subclasses for means for making a furrow in the earth.
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, 48 for devices for cutting metal by means of a blow torch.
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for machine responsive recorders.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling and Planing, 288 for devices in which a cutting tool is rigidly set, so that it may not yield to the inequalities of the work surface, or in which the tool is given a relative travel in close-lying consecutive lines over the work and caused to produce solid effects by cutting during a portion of its travel only.
413, Sheet-Metal Ware, Making, subclass 55 for devices for making weakened lines in cans.
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, 59 for machines which cut and score box blanks and machines which either cut or score such blanks and are especially designed for use in the manufacture of paper boxes.

Writing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line produces script.

Perspective drawing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line generates an oblique three-dimensional drawing from plan and elevational drafting views.

Graduating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter for scribing scale divisions on dials, rules and the like.

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409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 221 for an indexing device for a milling machine.

Straightline:
This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks along a linear path.

Circular:
This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks along a round path.

Sight-line controlled:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the movement of a scribing member is controlled by sighting means between the eyes of an observer and distant point.

Course tracking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein an observer, moving to a fixed distant point, establishes at various points in his movement a line of sight through the sighting means to the distant point to note with the scribing member points in the path of the observer to the distant point.

Perspective view tracing;
This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein the sighting means moving about a distant
scene causes movement of the scribing member to duplicate the distant scene.

Stereoscopic mapping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein the sighting means views two stereoscopic images to control the scribing member.

Curved surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks a surface that is not planar.

Spherical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface marked is a three-dimensional round surface or a portion of such a round surface.

Pipe junction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface is a first tube marked to show the intersection outline of a second tube on the surface of the first tube.

Tumbler engraving:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface marked is a drinking glass.

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Devices employing a pantos:graphic movement.

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23 for other pantos:graphic scribers.

Pantos:graphic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter which includes a tracing member designed to be grasped by hand and moved as desired and a scribing member so connected with the tracing member that movement of the tracing member causes a similar movement to be transmitted to the scribing member.

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22 for pantos:graphic scribers for curved surfaces.
41.1 for parallel line hand scribing gages comprising merely a bar having a guiding or tracing member at one end and a scribing member at the other where the entire instrument moves bodily.

Single beam:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member are supported by the same elongated lever.

Superposed carriages:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes plural movable supports each movable on a different transverse direction in a different plane.

Sliding pivot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a guideway and a pin that frictionally contacts and follows the guideway.

Opposite replica:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the scribing member produces an opposite curve to the curve traced by the tracing member.
(1) Note. A symmetrical pattern may be traced by tracing one half of the pattern to produce an opposite half and the remaining half of the pattern is traced to produce the other negative half.

Plural reproduction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes plural scribing members connected at the same time to the tracing member.
(1) Note. Devices that duplicate a hand written signature are here.

Pattern grading:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the scribing member produces a copy of an outline traced by the tracing member which is one of a group of copies which differ from each other not in configuration but the width of the outline.

Pattern follower:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes an outline and the tracing member contacts and moves around the outline to cause the scribing member to reproduce the outline.

Human form:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member contacts the surface of a person and causes the scribing member to copy the same surface.

Telautograph:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member are each connected to a separate means for describing a line remote from each other.

Template and stylus details:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes a (A) pattern, (B) a tracer member or (C) a scribing member when claimed in more than name only.

Multiplane:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member move over different planes.

Pendulum:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Subject matter wherein the tracing or the scribing member is mounted on a member pivoted at one end to move in an arc.

Coaxial styli:
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member have a common axis.

Parallelogram type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter in which the connection between the tracing and the scribing members comprises four bars pivoted together in substantially the form of a parallelogram.

Simple parallelogram:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein the connection between the tracing and the scribing members is only four pivoted bars forming the parallelogram linkage.

Universally parallel bar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein a parallel bar of the linkage, the tracer member or the scribing member has movement in addition to the motion caused by the parallelogram pentos:graphic linkage.

Progressive lettering:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter which includes structure to serially contact the tracing member with plurality of symbol patterns used in printing or writing.

Tandem pantographs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein there are serial parallelogram linkage forming
the connection between the tracing member and the scribing member.

This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices having means designed for producing curved lines and also means designed for producing straight lines.
(1) Note. Patents are not crossed referenced from this subclass to subclass 27 or 32.

Curved line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line is designed for producing a line which is not straight.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 for a device describing both straight and curved lines.
558.01 for pivoted opposed contact distance measurers including dividers.
810 for beam-trammal type distance measurers.

Compass:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a pivot member and a scribing member rotating about the pivot member with a constant radius.

Beam type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.02. Subject matter wherein a bar connects the pivot member to the scribing member.

With scoring means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.02. Subject matter wherein the marking point is a member that scratches a surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 164.9 for hand manipulatable device for working by means of cutting.

Including scale:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.031. Subject matter wherein the compass has a member with indicia for setting the compass to a desired measurement.

With screw adjustment means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.031. Subject matter having a rotatable threaded member for moving the pivoted member.

Circle forming frame support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes structure to support a circle scribing device at its pivot point.

Circle forming roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes two circular members having different diameters joined by a connecting member to have their centers on a common axis and a scribing member supported by the connecting member.

Circle forming pin and jointed arm:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes two movably connected members having a point at the intersection of the two members used to mark a point on a circle when each member at the same time touches a point on the circle.

Circle forming rotating table:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a movable support turning about an axis coacting with the means for describing a line to form a circle.

Conic section:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter wherein the curved line is produced by the intersection of a plane with a right circular cone and is not provided for elsewhere.

Spiral:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a scribing member continuously circling about a point always increasing in size in a plane.

Sine curve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a scribing member moving in a path wherein each point in the path has a "y" coordinate equal to the sine of the angle corresponding to the same point.

Rose engine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a device to cause a scribing member to move in the shape of a rosette.

Pattern follower:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes an outline and a tracing member which contacts and moves around the outline to cause a scribing member to produce a curved line.

This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Devices designed for describing the outlines of lenses.

This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Devices designed for laying out stair curves.

Ellipsograph:
This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter wherein the curve has a major and a minor axis with two foci on the major axis so that the sum of the distances from each focus to a point on the curve is equal to the length of the major axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27.01 for nonelliptical curve scribers in which the scribing member is guided around a curved pattern which may or may not be elliptical in form.

Pivoted circular pattern:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.01. Subject matter which includes a round outline turnable to fixed positions about its diameter and a tracing member which contacts and moves about the outline at a fixed position to cause a scriber member to move in the shape of an ellipse.

Pattern follower:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter which includes a shaped outline and a tracing member which contacts and moves about the outline to cause a scriber member to move in the shape of an ellipse.

Harmonic component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter which includes two transverse motion devices connected to the scribing member wherein at least one of the devices is adjustable to vary the length of the minor axis of the ellipse being scribed.

Flexible cord type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a string having each string end held to a different focus point on the ellipse to be drawn and scribing member contacts the cord when taut at various positions to form points on the ellipse.

Sliding leg:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes an axis and a member movable in the direction of the axis and simultaneously movable about the axis.

Planetary scriber arm:
This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a scribing member on a radius that moves about a first circle while simultaneously moving about a second circle so that the scribing member forms an elliptical motion.

This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Devices comprising two guides at right angles to each other and a scribing member having means to engage the guides.

Straight-line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter designed for producing (a) a line wherein any two points on the line have the same slope or (b) a figure composed entirely of straight lines.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
26 for straight and curved lines.
403 for a straight edge.

Portable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line or a figure composed of straight lines is constructed to be carried from place to place.

Moving scriber:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.1. Subject matter which includes a scribing member that is mounted for movement.

And sheet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.3. Subject matter which includes means to move a sheet into contact with the moving scribing member.

Stationary scriber and moving support or sheet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.1. Subject matter which includes a motionless scribing member and (a) a moving surface to move a sheet into contact with the scribing member or (b) a moving flat surface which moves into contact with the scribing member.

Moving sheet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.5. Subject matter which includes the moving flat surface.

Sheet support and handling details:
This subclass is indented under subclass 32.1. Subject matter which includes a scribing member and structure to (a) hold a sheet against the force of gravity or (b) manipulate a sheet before, during or after contact with the scribing member.

This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Devices designed for marking clapboards preparatory to sawing.

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411 for straight edges designed for marking clapboards.

This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Devices having members adapted to mark with ink.

This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Devices in which the marking member travels.

This subclass is indented under subclass 35. Devices which rotate.

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37 for other rotary straight line markers.

This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Devices having a rotary marking member.

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36 for traveling rotary markers.

This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Devices having means whereby the marking is interrupted during a predetermined interval of travel.

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39 for other blank space straight line markers.

Blank space:
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter having means whereby the marking is interrupted during a predetermined interval of travel.

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38 for rotary blank space straight line markers.

Hand pen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39.1. Subject matter wherein the marking member is manually operated.

This subclass is indented under subclass 32. Devices designed for ruling parallel lines having a positive gauge to limit the transfer of the ruling member from line to line.

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450 for straight edges employed as guides in like work.

Parallel line:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing lines produces lines at any unvarying distance from each other throughout their length, or at an unvarying distance from a guiding edge or the like.
(1) Note. While this group of instruments is almost always employed in producing straight lines, still they are not necessarily limited to that use and are therefore not classifiable under the "Straightline" group.

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15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, subclass 435 for a pen point or a pen holder.
101, Printing, 328 for rolling contact printing implements for making parallel lines having no provision for mechanically guiding the implement.
104, Railways, subclass 244.1 for a vehicle guided for travel parallel to a furrow.
172, Earth Working, 126 for an earth working means producing a marking line parallel to a furrow.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, 34 for plural exposed tools each with individual supply, subclasses 49+ for a pencil or chalk holder and subclasses 258+ for a stylus with coating material supply.

Lettering guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.1. Subject matter which includes a pattern, per se, to be used with a straight edge for guiding a scribing member to produce lines which determine the height of symbols to be printed.

Rotary marker:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.1. Subject matter which includes a scribing member which turns about a pivot point.

Multi-marking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.1. Subject matter which includes a plurality of scribing members.

Profile tracing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.1. Subject matter which includes a contact member to touch point by point a surface shape to be duplicated and a scribing member
to duplicate each position point of the contact member.

Single marker with spacing guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 41.1. Subject matter which includes a scribing member and a guide connected to the member contacting a scribing surface to steady the member while in use.

This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Devices designed to be guided by the edge of the material upon which the line or lines are being produced.

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Devices in which the edge contacting member is pivotally adjustable with respect to the gauge bar.

This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Devices having more than one scribing point.

This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Devices designed to be used on machines, as distinguished from hand instruments.

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34 for machines for ruling straight lines by the application of ink and which usually carry devices of the type found in this subclass.

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising integrating means for determining superficial extent directly.

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1 for planimeter type calculators for determining geometrical properties other than area, such as mean radius, mean square foot radius, and moment of inertia of area.

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356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, 379 for optical area or volume integrators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Area integrators having a tracing member designed to travel around the outline of the area to be determined, and frequently specially designed to determine effective pressure and horsepower from engine indicator diagrams.

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Area integrators having electrically operated mechanism.

This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Area integrators employing one or more rolling contact distance measurers as a part of the structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 and 141+, for rolling contact distance measurers.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed to determine the form of axles.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed for fitting doors and windows or their surrounding parts.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
197 for gauges designed for laying out mortises for hinges or locks.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed for determining the shape of hoofs in preparing shoes for the same.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed for determining the trueness of millstone faces.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed for laying out mortise work.

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18 for scribers designed for this purpose.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed to determine characteristics of screw thread structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for special contact members used with "opposed contact" instruments for taking the diameter of the threaded bar.
501.7 for gauges having means to determine the lead angle or spur gearing.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed to be employed in fitting spectacles.

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351, Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting, 200 for eye examining and testing instruments.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed to determine the form of tools.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
626 for gauges for collocating tools.

This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Devices designed to determine the form of saws.

This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Devices designed for determining the form or trueness of wheels.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Devices specially constructed for gauging watch wheels.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, subclass 6 for watchmakers' tools.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Devices for determining the shape or contour of a wheel tread.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Devices provided with means for supporting the wheels undergoing test.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.12. Devices in which the supports are rollers or drums.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.12. Devices in which the supports are pivoted or sliding scuff boards.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Devices which contact the axle or wheel and are supported on a base, usually a floor.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.15. Subject matter for determining the radius of the wheel, or its variation from a plane.

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203.19 for axle vehicle or wheel supported devices.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.15. Subject matter in which contacting members are slidingly mounted on a beam.

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203.2 203.21 and 810+, for other trammel type devices.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Wheel gauges which are supported by the axle, vehicle or wheel.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.18. Subject matter having wheel contacting members for determining the radius of a wheel or its variation from a plane.

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203.16 for floor supported devices.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203.18. Subject matter in which contacting members are slidingly mounted on a beam.

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203.17 203.21 and 810+, for other trammel type devices.

This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Wheel gages having wheel contacting members slidingly mounted on a beam.

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203.17 203.2 and 810+, for other trammel type devices.

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Devices or method utilizing nonrefracted light rays and direct sighting for determining the characteristics and the mutual relations of points, lines, angles, surfaces and solids considered as having no properties other than those arising from extension and/or relationship of position or location.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
20 for a sight line controlled scriber.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for a geometric instrument combined with measuring and testing.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for an optical geometrical instrument which includes significant optical structure; and see the class definition, section V for the relationship to Class 33.
362, Illumination, appropriate subclasses for means for throwing a beam of artificial light in a straight line, including devices in which size of the beam may be varied.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices, 163 for apparatus for measuring a dimension and/or locating the position by measuring means of an object combined with an X-ray device.
396, Photography, 373 for light deflecting camera viewfinders.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Method.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including means for sighting an object upon which it is desired to drop a bomb or other air dropped projectile and which includes means for determining or compensating for one or more of the following factors; air or ground speed of an aircraft, speed of a moving target, altitude of the craft, angular relation between the course of the aircraft and target, the moment of releasing the bomb, and other fixed or variable factors.

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89, Ordnance, 1.51 for devices for holding and releasing bombs, flares and signals from aircraft.
102, Ammunition and Explosives 382 for explosive devices designed to be dropped, usually from air or water craft, upon an objective below.
434, Education and Demonstration, subclass 15 and 19+ for training in the use of gun or bomb sights.

This subclass is indented under subclass 299. Device including gyroscopic means maintaining the equilibrium of the device with respect to a given reference plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
236 for an ordnance type gun sight including a gyroscope.
318 for a gyroscopically controlled or stabilized direction indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 5 for a gyroscope combined with other structure.

This subclass is indented under subclass 229. Device including means for measuring and indicating the velocity of the moving craft with respect to the ground.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 488 for a device there provided responsive to a speed condition.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device for use with an aerial or marine craft for measuring and indicating the velocity of the moving craft with respect to the ground or a fixed object.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
231 for an aircraft ground speed indicator combined with an aerial bomb sight.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 488 for a device there provided responsive to a speed condition.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device comprising (1) attachments for guns whereby a line of sight
may be established parallel to the longitudinal axis of the gun barrel or at an angle relative thereto, or (2) means for supporting the device on or attaching it to a gun.
(1) Note. This and the indented subclasses take gun and sight combinations where only so much of the gun is included or modified as is necessary to accommodate the sight.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
42, Firearms, appropriate subclasses for gun and sight combinations involving more gun structure than is necessary for the mere accommodation of the sight.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, 247 for similar subject matter including significant optical structure.
434, Education and Demonstration 19 for a device for instructing or training in the use of a gunsight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device so structured or shaped as to permit its installation within the bore of a gun.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device for use with mounted or heavier caliber guns, e.g., howitzer, cannon, mortar, anti-aircraft gun, etc.

This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Device including gyroscopic means for maintaining the equilibrium of the device with respect to a given reference plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
230 for an aerial bomb sight including a gyroscope.
318 for a gyroscopically controlled or stabilized direction indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 5 for a gyroscope, per se, and especially subclass 5.22 for a gyroscope combined with other structure.
235, Registers, subclass 407 for gyroscopic means which provides electrical signals or mechanical movements to a computing device to compensate for weapon movement (e.g., tilt, roll, etc.).

This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Device including means for establishing or maintaining a desired angular relation between the line of sight and the barrel axis of a moving gun, without manual adjustment of the sighting member.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5.22 as the generic place for gyroscopes combined with other structures.
89, Ordnance, subclass 41 for the combinations, of a sight and gun with gun moving means responsive to angular movement at the sight.
235, Registers, 404 for ordnance control calculators wherein the azimuth and elevation angles of the gun are determined in order to strike a given target.

This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Device including means to correct for or offset the effect of a target having movement relative to the gun.

This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Device including means to correct for or offset the effects of relative movement of the firing craft (e.g., aircraft or gun carrier).

This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Device including means to correct for or offset the effects of nonlevel condition of the gun trunnion or uneveness of the ground upon which the gun carriage rests.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
235, Registers, subclass 407 for means providing electrical signals or mechanical movements to a computing device to compensate for trunnion tilt.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device including an incandescent component or a component made of self-illuminating material, e.g., fluorescent, phosphorescent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, 458.1 for radiant energy devices in which fluorescent or phosphorescent properties utilized.
362, Illumination, appropriate subclasses for an illuminating device combined with other structure.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device including a component having a particular color or being constructed of a specific material and wherein the performance of its intended function is materially enhanced by the use of such color or material.

This subclass is indented under subclass 242. Device having a particular color.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device including covering means to protect the device from damage or to prevent glare from the device being reflected into the eye of the user.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device wherein the sight comprises a tubular optical instrument or a mount for such instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Device including a system of lines, dots, cross hairs, wires or the like in the focal plane of the device and provided with means to displace or selectively move the lines, cross hairs, etc. relative to each other.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
297 for a sight line device of more general utility having an adjustable reticule.

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Device wherein the sight or its support may be moved with respect to the gun barrel or stock upon which it is mounted.

This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Device wherein the sight or its support is movable both in a direction transverse to the line of sight and in an up or down
direction.

This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Device wherein the sight or its support may be readily installed on or moved from an operative position to an out of the way nonuse position.

This subclass is indented under subclass 245. Device wherein the sight or its support may be readily installed on or removed from a gun barrel or stock without the necessity of removing bolts, screws, fasteners or the like or without the use of tools.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245 for sight mounts.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device provided with means permitting adjustment of the size of the sight opening.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device wherein the sight may be moved with respect to the gun barrel or stock upon which it is mounted.
(1) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are patents to sights which are movable to compensate for range, windage or the velocity of a moving target.

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device comprising a series of sights mounted upon a common pivot wherein either (1) the entire series may be rotated to bring a desired sight into use position or (2) a single sight of the series may be individually and selectively rotated to bring it into use position.

This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Device wherein the sight may be moved upwardly or downwardly relative to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Device wherein the sight may also be folded to an inoperative position.

This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Device wherein the sight may also be moved in a direction transverse to the line of sight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Device wherein the sight may also be moved in a direction transverse to the line of sight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Device wherein the vertical movement is effected by displacement of the sight other than in a straight line.

This subclass is indented under subclass 254. Device wherein vertical adjustment is effected by displacement of the sight other than in a straight line.

This subclass is indented under subclass 259. Device wherein displacement of the sight is about an axis which is normal to the longitudinal axis of the barrel.

This subclass is indented under subclass 233. Device comprising a single sighting device having a plurality of sight directing elements spaced at a predetermined distance or angle with respect to each other, which elements may be selectively used without adjustment of parts.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
253 for plural sights in which selective use of a single sight is effected by manual adjustment of parts.
276 for a multisight line device of more general application.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device which is supported from or related to some part of a user's body.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device
installed in or mounted upon a device performing a function external to the subject matter of this class, the installation being made in such a manner as not to interfere with the normal operation of the device.

This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device installed in or mounted upon a vehicle.

This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device installed or mounted upon a archer's bow.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, for an archery bow and a sighting means therefor.

This subclass is indented under subclass 263. Device installed or mounted upon a camera.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
396, Photography, 373 for light deflecting camera viewfinders.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including means for transmitting the determination to a distant indicator or recorder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 870.01 for telemetric means, per se, comprising electrical transmitting means in combination with means designed to be located at a distance
having a movable indicator electrically controlled by the transmitter but not limited to any particular instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including means for locating the position of a heavenly body or means by which an observer may determine his own geos:graphic location by direct observation of the heavenly body.

This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Device including means whereby the time of day may be determined.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, appropriate subclasses for time measuring instruments, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Device including an element which by the position or length of its shadow cast upon a dial or surface indicates the time of day.

This subclass is indented under subclass 270. Device including means responsive to an external magnetic field, usually that of the earth, for indicating direction.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device
including means responsive to an external magnetic field, usually that of the earth, for indicating direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
300 for a direction indicator, per se, responsive to an external magnetic field.

This subclass is indented under subclass 272. Device including means responsive to terrestrial gravitation for indicating deviation from a horizontal or vertical plane.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 for a level or plumb, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device having a marker, rule, protractor, square or the like adapted to be used in plotting or in forming geometrical figures on a map or chart, the sides and angles of which correspond to various positions and angles taken by the sighting instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 75 for a straight edge type geometric instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device comprising a device in addition to or combined with the straight line light ray type instrument (1) having functions other than determining the characteristics or mutual relations of points, lines, angles, surfaces and solids or (2) serving to perfect the instrument for its intended function.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including a plurality of means for directing the eye of an observer along different lines of sight without adjustment of parts.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
261 for similar type gunsight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device in which the different lines of sight are taken from the same sight directing means.

This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Device wherein at least one of the sight directing means may be moved or adjusted with respect to another.

This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Device wherein the sight directing means are movable both about an axis and in a straight line relative to each other.

This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Device wherein each sight directing means may be moved or adjusted independently of another.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device for measuring both an angle which is in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the horizon and an angle which is in the plane of or parallel to the horizon.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device for measuring an angle which is in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the horizon.

This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Device wherein the magnitude of the angle is measured by means of a gravity actuated or pendulous indicating means.

This subclass is indented under subclass 282. Device including means for determining the distance from the instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device for measuring an angle in the plane of or parallel to the horizon.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including means for positioning, or determining the position of, one object with respect to another; e.g., tool and work piece or a part of an object with respect to another part, e.g., shaft.

This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device comprising means for aligning railway track.

This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device for positioning or determining the position of automotive wheels, headlamps or frame parts with respect to each other.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for methods for positioning or determining the position of automotive components.

This subclass is indented under subclass 286. Device comprising means for locating a ball longitudinally of a playing field with reference to a previous location of the ball on the field.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device comprising a sighting instrument including means; e.g., bubble in a liquid, or pendulum, to indicate and/or effect adjustment to the horizontal of the line of sight of the device.
(1) Note. Included in this and indented subclass are devices for determining the difference in altitude between two points but provided with no angle measuring scales.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
282 for a vertical angle measurer.
365 for a level, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein adjustment to the horizontal is effected by means requiring no manual handling of the device; e.g., means responsive to terrestrial gravitation.

This subclass is indented under subclass 290. Device wherein the sighting means comprises an elongated tubular housing which may be provided with a lens.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245 for a telescopic type gun sight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device comprising (1) a graduated rod useable in conjunction with a surveyor's instrument located at a point remote from the rod for measuring the vertical distance between a point on the ground and the line of sight of the instrument or (2) other devices; e.g., target, usable in conjunction with the instrument to distinguish the terminal end of the line of sight.

This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device wherein the rod includes means permitting the difference in elevation between the two points to be read directly from the rod without computation.

This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device including means responsive to terrestrial gravity for use in aligning the rod vertically or horizontally with respect to a defined reference point.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 for a level or plumb, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Device wherein the rod comprises a plurality of slideably or telescopically connected sections which may be longitudinally adjusted relative to each other.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device including a system of lines, dots, cross hairs or the like in the focal plane of the device.

This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Device wherein the lines, cross hairs or the like may be displaced or selectively moved relative to each other.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246 for a telescopic gun sight having an adjustable reticle.

This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Device comprising means for mounting the device upon a supporting structure for supporting the device against the pull of gravity.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
245 for means for mounting or supporting a telescopic type gun sight upon a gun.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, appropriate subclasses for supports of more general application, especially 163.1 for a plural leg support, e.g., tripod and subclasses 176+ for means for supporting an article on a stand.

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device or method for indicating a direction related to that of some force (e.g., magnetic field, gravity etc.), of the type which will pass through a natural media (e.g., air, earth, water), the media apparently being passive to such passage, and not elsewhere classified.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
355 for an instrument there provided for having, as a perfecting feature, an indicator of direction of force traversing natural media.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 178, for navigating instruments in general, and subclasses 170.01+ for indicators of directions of fluid flow.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5.22 as the generic place for gyroscopes combined with other structures.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 244 for devices for determining magnetic field strength and for devices generic to the determination of, or the determination of both, magnetic field strength and direction.
434, Education and Demonstration subclass 111, 186, and 239+ for devices for instructing or training in the use of direction indicators, including devices for simulating compasses and for simulating their performance under conditions encountered in actual use.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Process.

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Process involving the study of the interior of a borehole or tube.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 152.01 for borehole testing, per se, and subclass 152.57 for a borehole casing study, per se, wherein the test is not purely electrical or purely magnetic.
166, Wells, 250.01 for processes there provided for including indicating testing, measuring, or locating.

This subclass is indented under subclass 301. Device for coordinating a plurality of variables in a directional indicator system by a mathematical process, e.g., computing, or by matching one variable against another; such as found in gyroscopically controlled directional indicators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device comprising means for determining the bearing, or deviation from the vertical, of a deep hole in the earth, such as well bores.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
302 for processes used in determining the direction or inclination of boreholes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 152.01 for means for measuring or testing other physical conditions of well bores.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth, subclass 44 for a process or means for determining the orientation of a core sample, while in situ, combined with a step or means for cutting the core and subclass 45 for a process or means to
determine the direction or inclination of an earth boring tool located in a bore hole combined with more than a nominally recited boring step or nominally recited boring apparatus.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 853.8 for a wellbore telemetering system having orientation sensing of the subsurface equipment.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device wherein said determining means includes a liquid which reacts with or makes an impression on a cylinder or platen to record the deviation of the borehole.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device wherein the borehole direction or inclination indicator reacts to or is controlled by the presence or motion of a fluid within the borehole.

This subclass is indented under subclass 306. Device wherein the inclination of the borehole is interpreted from pressure changes in the drilling fluid at the borehole outlet or from generated pressure surges in the drilling fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 37 for measuring and testing means utilizing fluid pressure.
367, Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices, 81 for wellbore acoustic wave telemetering, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device including a pendulum for determining inclination and further including means for marking a surface to give a permanent record of the inclination, and wherein said marking means is carried by or guided by the pendulum.

This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device wherein the marking means includes (1) wave energy transmitted through a natural media and guided through the pendulum to the record surface or (2) an electrically conducting point on the pendulum which produces a marking spark between the pendulum and record surface or marks the record surface by electrolysis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
314 for other radiant energy produced marking.

This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device provided with means influenced by a magnetic field to determine the bearing of the well bore.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
313 for other borehole inclination and directional indicators.
355 for magnetic indicators in general.

This subclass is indented under subclass 308. Device wherein the record surface is normally spaced from the pendulum marker and wherein means is provided for imparting movement to the record surface to move the record surface into engagement with the pendulum marker.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device including an electrical telemetering circuit for transmitting an indication of the direction or inclination of the borehole to a receiver.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
363 for electrical telemetering circuits utilized in magnetic field responsive devices and see the search notes thereto for the loci of other electrical telemetering circuits in this class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 853.1 for borehole electrical telemetric means, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device including means for determining both the bearing of the borehole and the deviation of the borehole from the vertical.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310 for a borehole pendulum inclinator and magnetic heading indicator.
351 for other plural directional indicators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 304. Device provided with a record member (film) which reacts to light to produce an optical counterpart of the direction or inclination indicator, or an optical impression of the orientation of the indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
309 for a pendulum directed radiant energy marker.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device including means responsive to a change in temperature, the responser influencing the indication.
(1) Note: Provision for the accommodation of change in size, due to change in temperature, has not been placed in this subclass unless it effects the indication. For instance, a bubble level including means to accommodate a change in liquid volume with change in temperature, so that the bubble may remain substantially constant in size, is in this subclass while a liquid buoyed magnetic needle type compass with similar liquid expansion provision will be found in subclass 364.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device wherein a magnetic field sensitive device (compass, flux valve) is utilized to monitor a directional gyroscope by orienting the gyroscope in the direction of the magnetic meridian.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
318 for a gyroscopically controlled or stabilized directional indicator, especially subclass 319 for a magnetic compass which is controlled or stabilized by a gyroscope.

This subclass is indented under subclass 316. Device including an electrical telemetering circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
363 for electrical telemetering circuits there provided for.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device including a gyroscope utilized to (1) indicate direction or (2) maintain the equilibrium of a directional indicator or datum structure with respect to a reference plane (plurality
of coordinates).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 504.02 for a gyroscope combined with a speed responsive device.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 5 for special features of gyroscope, per se, and especially subclass 5.22 as the generic place for gyroscopes combined with other structure.
114, Ships, subclass 21.1 and 24 for gyroscopically controlled torpedo steering mechanism, subclass 122 for gyroscopic antirolling stabilizers combined with ships, and subclass 144 for gyroscopic controlled steering.
244, Aeronautics, subclass 79 for gyroscope actuated automatic aircraft control.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems, 18 for gyroscope actuated follow-up systems of electric motor control and subclass 489 for automatic motor control in response to direction.

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device wherein a directional indicator influenced by an external magnetic field is additionally controlled or stabilized by the gyroscope.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
316 for a directional gyroscope con- trolled by a magnetic compass.
355 for a magnetic compasses, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device wherein the gyroscopic means is used to indicate the latitude or longitude of the point on the earth's surface occupied by the gyroscope.

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device comprising two or more gyroscopes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5.34 for special features of plural gyroscopes, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device including means for indicating two or more different directions (e.g., heading and attitude).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
328 for a single gyroscope combined with plural attitude indications.
351 for other diverse directional indicators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 321. Device wherein one of said gyroscopes is utilized to indicate direction and another of said gyroscopes is utilized to apply a correcting or controlling force to a component of said first gyroscope or said first gyroscope system to maintain the equilibrium thereof.

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device in which one or more gyroscopic rotors are arranged to seek a known direction relative to the meridian as by precession induced by couples applied directly as indirectly through the action of gravity.

This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Device including means to transmit the direction indication from the gyroscope to an indicator separated from the gyroscope, usually a repeater compass.

This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Device provided with means to compensate for forces or disturbances causing deflection in the meridian seeking action of the gyroscope by presetting the compensating means to a desired position. Included in this subclass are adjustable means for correcting the readings of such compasses for errors due to the speed, course or latitude of the craft on which they are carried.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
356 for correcting devices for magnetic field responsive indicators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 324. Device including fluid means for (1) wholly or partially supporting the gyroscope components or (2) applying a force to the gyroscope, as in the air jet controlled type or the liquid ballistic type of gyroscope.

This subclass is indented under subclass 318. Device wherein the gyroscopic means is used to indicate, with respect to a horizontal plane, the extent of right or left tilt of a craft or upward or downward tilt of a craft on which the gyroscope is mounted.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 488 for attitude indicators combined with speed responsive devices.

This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Device including an indicator comprising a pivotally mounted rigid arm, and a background member for the indicator, and wherein both said rigid arm indicator and background member are connected to components of the gyroscope.

This subclass is indented under subclass 328. Device wherein the gyroscopic indicator is in the form of a sphere or a segment thereof.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having means for making a discrete record of the sensed direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304 for borehole direction or inclination indicators, many of which include a recorder.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device combined with means for making a visible sign, impression or tracing on a surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
305 for a liquid used in marking borehole direction.
308 for a pendulum mounted or directed marker used with borehole indicators.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device including means relating it to a peculiarity of a device serving some function other than that of indicating direction.

This subclass is indented under subclass 333. Device related to a portable implement designed to be held by a person while it performs its intended function.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device particularly adapted for cooperation with the running gear, or with the headlights, of a vehicle for determining a deviation (e.g., caster and/or camber angle, headlight alignment) thereof from the horizontal or vertical.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for other vehicle wheel alignment gauges.
288 for a vehicle chassis, running gear, or head lamp, alignment device utilizing a straight line light ray instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Device supported entirely by a wheel, or wheels, of the vehicle.

This subclass is indented under subclass 335. Device supported entirely by an axle, or axles, of the vehicle.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device provided with means for determining the gauge and level of a railway track.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having combined therewith a cord, or a cord holder, adapted, when stretched tight, to form a straight line guide member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
353 for the combination of a bubble level and a plumb line, both of which fall within the class definition, wherein the plumb line may also serve as a vertical straight line guide.
392 for a plumb line which may also serve as a vertical straight line guide.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having combined therewith means for simultaneously measuring an extent in two or more directions or measuring a nonlinear shape.

This subclass is indented under subclass 340. Device including means for measuring an angle.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
343 for a direction indicator combined with angle or shape determination.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having
combined therewith means for making a linear determination, this means being independent of the determination of direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 for a level or plumb having relatively moveable reference surface sections wherein the relative position is related to the direction being determined. Linear indicia may be utilized to indicate the relative position of the sections.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device combined with means for determining an angle or a non- linear shape.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 for a direction indicator combined with both an angle indicator and plural distance measurers.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having means whose function is to dampen, or otherwise control the rate of motion of, the direction sensing and/or indicating portion thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
355 for a magnetic compass having means to latch the magnetic needle in a fixed position.
368 for a level or plumb having means to latch the direction indicator in a fixed position.

This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device wherein the damping means includes a generator of a magnetic field.

This subclass is indented under subclass 344. Device wherein the damping means includes a fluid and means on, or actuated by, the direction sensing and/or indicating portion coacting with the fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
327 for fluid supported, gyroscopic compass components, the fluid producing a damping effect.
364 for a magnetic compass including a liquid buoyed magnetic needle, the liquid producing a damping effect.
396 for a liquid buoyed pendulum, the liquid producing a damping effect.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device provided with means for mounting a directional indicator on an object or supporting member by (1) glue or other viscous substance, (2) the force of magnetism, or (3) atmospheric pressure acting on the indicator by reason of a reduced pressure beneath the indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 for other means for attaching a level or plumb to the work.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, 205.5 and 309.3 for vacuum mounted brackets and 206.5 and 309.4 for magnetic mounted bracket.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having means to assist the person viewing the indicating portion of the device, said means including either an illuminator, (e.g., lamp, fluorescent paint, etc.), an illumination director (e.g., mirror) or an optical viewer (e.g., magnifying lens, microscope, etc.).
(1) Note. An illuminator, illumination director, or optical
viewer used as a part of a telemetering system (e.g., electric eye system) or as the indicator (e.g., oscilloscope) will be found in the appropriate subclasses below.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, appropriate subclasses for the combination of an illuminator and some other device wherein no novelty of the other device is indicated.

This subclass is indented under subclass 348. Subject matter wherein the illuminator is electrically powered and the device is a spirit level.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having means, in addition to the force responsive direction indicator, which is selectively positioned to indicate the desired orientation of some structure with respect to the indicated direction of the force.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device having added thereto means to shelter all or part thereof, to cushion the device as a whole, or to otherwise protect the device from physical damage.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are such things as storage casings and covers and shock absorbing work attaching means. Shock absorbing features within the device, such as fluid supported direction sensors (see subclasses 327, 346+, 364, and 396), have not been placed here since they affect the device in its use and are thus an essential part thereof rather than being combined therewith.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device provided with (1) two different types of directional indicators, or (2) two different kinds of the same type, e.g., bubble and float.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
313 for means for indicating the inclination and direction of boreholes.
322 for diverse indicators controlled by plural gyroscopes.

This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Device wherein one of the directional indicators is influenced by an external magnetic field (e.g., combined magnetic compasses and inclinometers).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310 for a pendulum inclinator and a magnetic heading indicator for boreholes.
313 for inclination and direction indicators for boreholes.
355 for magnetic compasses, per se.

This subclass is indented under subclass 351. Device wherein one of the directional indicators is a pendulum weight suspended by a flexible line and another directional indicator is a bubble formed in a closed receptacle, nearly filled with liquid.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device, (1) combined with subject matter of another class or (2) united with a second device, said second device having a function serving to perfect the class device for its intended function.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device comprising means influenced by an external magnetic field, usually that of the earth, and either (1) indicating a direction or deviation from a direction, related to that of the field or (2) controlling a telemetering system to an indicator of such direction or deviation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
310 for a magnetic compass supported on a pendulum for use in a borehole.
313 for means indicating inclination and direction, usually magnetic, of a borehole.
316 for a gyromagnetic compass.
319 for a gyroscopically stabilized magnetic compass.
352 for a magnetic compass combined with a different directional indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 259 for testing a magnetic field by using a permanent magnet (e.g., compass needle).
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets, 302 for permanent magnets of a particular structure or material.

This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device including means for indicating the amount of, preventing the effect of, or compensating for the effect of some force other than that of the magnetic field under investigation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344 for a direction sensing indicator having means to dampen, or otherwise govern, motion of the sensor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices, subclass 293 for somewhat similar structures employed on watches and
the like.

This subclass is indented under subclass 356. Device wherein the means prevents the extraneous force from affecting the magnetically influenced means by either absorbing said extraneous force or providing an opposing force of an equal amount.

This subclass is indented under subclass 357. Device wherein a permanent magnet is utilized to produce the opposing force.

This subclass is indented under subclass 358. Device wherein the permanent magnet is supported for pivotal or swinging movement.

This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device wherein either the means influenced by the magnetic field, the telemetering system, or the indicator includes a cathode-ray tube projecting a deflectable electron beam, the deflection being related to the direction or deviation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing subclass 250 for testing a magnetic field by a cathode ray beam.

This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device wherein the means influenced by the external magnetic field is either an electromagnet (e.g., electromagnetic compass needle) or an inductor (e.g., armature, flux valve, flux gate, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
363 for a magnetic compass utilizing an electromagnet or an inductor in a telemetering circuit.

This subclass is indented under subclass 361. Device including an inductor, i.e., armature and means to rotate it, or to vibrate it, through the magnetic field under investigation.

This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device including an electrical telemetering circuit.
(1) Note. The combinations of telemetric signaling means with measuring means of the type provided for, are in this class (33).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, 870.01 for telemetric means, per se, comprising electrical transmitting means in combination with means designed to be located at a distance having a movable indicator electrically controlled by the transmitter but not limited to any particular instrument.

This subclass is indented under subclass 355. Device wherein the means influenced by the external magnetic field is a magnetic element (i.e., compass needle) partially or wholly supported by a liquid.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
346 for a liquid buoyed compass needle having means secured thereto, or operated thereby, for the sole purpose of
cooperating with the liquid to produce a damping effect.

This subclass is indented under subclass 300. Device responsive to terrestrial gravitation and establishing either a horizontal or a vertical direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
401 for a magnetic output coupling for a nonelectrical pendulum type level.

Electrically actuated signal or indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Subject matter including means producing a humanly perceptive signal to a flow of electron, an element responsive to terrestrial gravitation, and wherein the terrestrial gravitation responsive element controls the humanly perceptive signal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312 for a borehole direction or inclination device including electrical telemetering of the sensed condition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications, Electrical, subclass 853.8 for an arrangement for borehole condition telemetering combined with telemetering equipment orientation sensing.

Plural nonparallel axes or plural orientation sensors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter which (1) is responsive to relative rotation or inclination about plural nonparallel axes or (2) has multiple distinct circuit controlling gravity responsive elements (i.e., orientation sensors).

With compensation of sensed quantity (e.g., acceleration):
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter combined with an arrangement (1) for sensing an undesirable physical quantity which would otherwise produce an error in the electrical signal or indicator, and (2) for modifying an electrical angle or level signal so as to nullify variation in the electrical signal and indicator caused by the sensed quantity.
(1) Note. The term "arrangement" as used in this and its indented subclasses refers to either a device or a subcombination of a device for performing the claimed function.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
315 for this subject matter with temperature compensation.

With pulse or digital processing circuit component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter including circuitry having means for controlling the indicator in order to process a portion of a signal in the form of abrupt variations of an electrical signal level.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, 1 for a digital code generating pattern reader of general utility.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, subclass 559 for determination of orientation using specific data processing.

Fluent sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter wherein the gravity responsive element is a volume of flowable material.
(1) Note. The presence of fluid solely for a perfecting mechanical function of an otherwise operable solid sensor, e.g., damping of a pendulum, will be classified in the appropriate subclass containing such a sensor and not in this or its indented subclasses.

Having light or radiant energy detecting circuit control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.15. Subject matter including a circuit control element and wherein the control element is responsive to radiation incident thereon after passage through some portion of the fluent material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366.23 for this subject matter wherein the control element is not located in a fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
356, Optics, Measuring and Testing, subclass 139.1 for producing a quantitative indication of angle of inclination from level or vertical by optical photodetection.

Having buoyant circuit control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.15. Subject matter wherein the fluent sensor having a solid element supported by the fluent material.

Having fluent material reactive circuit control element (e.g., inductive):
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.15. Subject matter in which the fluent material forms a portion of a reactive circuit component.

Capacitive sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.18. Subject matter in which the fluent material reactive circuit component is capacitive.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 280 for a condition responsive capacitor sensor.

Having resistive or contact circuit control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.15. Subject matter wherein the fluid material (1) forms a resistive component of, or (2) completes the indicator controlling electric circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity, Circuit Makers and Breakers.
338, Electrical Resistors, 80 for a mechanically variable resistor having a liquid resistance element.

By multiple circuit paths through conductive fluid:
Subject matter under 366.21 having plural current paths between conductors through a conductive field.
(1) Note. Such plural paths may be either alternative or simultaneous and require three or more contact conductors.

Having light or radiant energy detecting circuit control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter including a circuit control element and wherein the control element is responsive to radiation incident thereon after passage through some portion of the fluent material.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
366.16 for this subject matter wherein the control element is, or is located in a fluid.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
356, Optics, Measuring and Testing, subclass 139.1 for producing a quantitative indication of angle of inclination from level or vertical by optical photodetection.

Having pendulum sensor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter wherein the element executes gravity responsive motion about an axis and is supported so as to be free to swing to a position wherein (1) its center of gravity, or (2) its center of bouyancy is utilized to determine the vertical.
(1) Note. The gravity responsive motion is generally oscillatory or rotary.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
391 for a nonelectrical pendulum controlled indicator.

Having reactive circuit control element (e.g., inductive, capacitive):
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter wherein the control element forms a gravity responsive reactive impedance.

Having reactive or contact circuit control element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter wherein the control element (1) forms a resistive component of, (2) completes the indicator controlling electric circuit.

Indicator details:
This subclass is indented under subclass 366.11. Subject matter where significance is attributed to the indicator.
(1) Note. This subclass includes specific circuitry to provide desired effects (e.g., pulsed or steady indication, bright or dim) as well as structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications, Electrical, 815.4 for a specified visual indicator and circuitry or general utility; subclasses 384.1+ for a specified audible indicator and circuitry of general utility.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including separable, independently movable liquid containers interconnected by a liquid conductor, the upper surfaces of the liquid in the containers establishing a horizontal direction.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
377 for other liquid levels utilizing the upper surface of the liquid.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including means for securing the direction indicator in a fixed position.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
344 for means including a portion whose function is to resist, or otherwise govern, motion of the direction sensor.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including, or adapted to cooperate with, a line in such a manner as to indicate when the line is horizontal.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
373 for a level or plumb provided with a clamp, loop or strap for encircling attachment to a workpiece.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including means adapted for attachment to a workpiece or to a person handling a workpiece.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
333 for a force responsive direction indicator installed in a device performing some disparate function, the relationship of the indicator to the device going beyond a mere supporting relationship.

This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Device adapted for attachment to the workpiece without any modification thereof.
(1) Note. Nails and screws modify the workpiece.

This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein the attaching means includes an elastic member exerting a yieldable clamping force upon the workpiece or workman.

This subclass is indented under subclass 371. Device wherein the attaching means includes a part encompassing the workpiece.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including a plurality or relatively moveable members, each having a surface adapted for simultaneous contact with a workpiece, and which surfaces together determine that direction of the workpiece which is to be related to the level or plumb.

This subclass is indented under subclass 374. Device wherein the members are moveable in such a manner, that an imaginary line between the workpiece contact surfaces thereof will be shifted in its relationship to the level or plumb during such movement.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including a surface for cooperation with a workpiece to determine a direction thereof, the surface involving several separable parts which cooperate to enlarge or diminish the effective surface by adding on, taking away, or substituting parts.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device including a body of liquid having an upper surface indicative of terrestrial gravitational direction, this upper surface either serving to indicate or to control an indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
304 for congealing or solidifying substance used to determine borehole inclination.
367 for a level of the plural, interconnected, separable, liquid columns type.
396 for a pendulum type of level or plumb wherein liquid is utilized for its buoyant effect in supporting the pendulum.

This subclass is indented under subclass 377. Device wherein an element is supported by the liquid, the element serving to indicate or to control an indicator.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
396 for a level or plumb indicator of the pendulum type wherein the pendulum is wholly or partially supported by liquid.

This subclass is indented under subclass 377. Device wherein the liquid is within, and nearly filling, a closed receptacle, sufficient space being left superjacent the upper surface of the liquid to simulate a bubble.

This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device provided with means for quantitatively changing the bubble simulating space.

This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device including a plurality of said nearly filled receptacles.

This subclass is indented under subclass 381. Device wherein the two nearly filled receptacles are so related that they function simultaneously and at an angle to each other, thus determining two horizontal lines which in turn determine a horizontal plane.

This subclass is indented under subclass 381. Device wherein the receptacles are adjustable in their relationship to each other.

This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device wherein the nearly filled receptacle is supported by a member having a surface of reference, usually adapted to be placed against a workpiece, the support being such as to provide for adjustment of the receptacle with respect to said surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
374 for a level of plumb having relatively movable, coacting reference surface sections.

This subclass is indented under subclass 384. Device including a cam (e.g., screw thread, gear, wedge, etc.) for controlling the amount of adjustment.

This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Device including a resilient member exerting its force in opposition to one direction of motion of the cam.

This subclass is indented under subclass 385. Device provided with means on the receptacle and the member for indicating the relative position of adjustment.

This subclass is indented under subclass 384. Device provided with means on the receptacle and the member for indicating the relative position of adjustment.

This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device wherein the nearly filled receptacle is supported by a member having a surface of reference, usually adapted to be placed against a work piece, the member having thereon indicia for cooperating with the bubble to indicate the position thereof with respect to the reference surface.

This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Device wherein the receptacle is so shaped as to either (1) define a level plane as distinguished from a level (horizontal) line or (2) have two separate and distinct sections for cooperation with the bubble, usually one section to indicate level and the other to indicate plumb.

This subclass is indented under subclass 365. Device wherein the responsive portion is a body, so supported as to be free to swing to a position wherein (1) its center of gravity, or (2) its center of buoyancy, is utilized to determine the vertical.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
308 for a pendulum controlled indicator of borehole inclination.
366.24 for this subject matter controlling an electrical level indicator.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein the body is a plumb bob suspended by a flexible line.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
16, Miscellaneous Hardware, subclass 403 for a paper weight and subclass 404 for other generic, weighting means.

This subclass is indented under subclass 392. Device including means about which the flexible line is wound for storage or for adjusting effective line length.

This subclass is indented under subclass 393. Device provided with resilient means for urging the line to a retracted position.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein two bodies are so related that they function simultaneously and in planes at an angle to each other.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein the body is supported, partially or wholly, by a liquid.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
378 for a level of plumb indicator including a float or piston related to the upper surface of a body of liquid.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein the pendulum is so suspended as to incline freely in any direction (e.g., universal joint, ball and socket, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
308 for gimbal supported borehole direction indicators with a recorder.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein the body includes means for adjusting it quantitatively or for adjusting its center of gravity.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device including an indicium for indicating a relationship of some other part to the suspended body, the indicium being adjustably fixed to either the body or to the carrier from which the body is suspended.

This subclass is indented under subclass 399. Device wherein the adjustably fixed relationship is controlled by an operating cam, e.g., screw, gear, wedge, etc.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device including means for transmitting motion from the suspended body to the indicating means, such as links, gearings, nonrigid coupling means, (e.g., magnetic, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 for a magnetic output coupling for a nonelectrical level other than of a pendulum.

This subclass is indented under subclass 391. Device wherein the supporting structure for the suspended body is such as to prevent complete freedom of swing about said axis.

STRAIGHTEDGE TYPE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means having a straight edge, slot, or the like for testing, measuring, fixing, or drawing straight lines.
(1) Note. Straightedges may differ only in their indicia or scales, which differences, however, make some of them more useful for one purpose than any other. Thus, in order to classify such straightedges with those limited by structure to the same purposes, some specific or "ultimate" functions of straightedges have been designated as the bases for classification in some of the subclasses indented under this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for various other plotters and for protractors not provided with a straightedge designed to be set at various angles.
32 for similar devices having scriber attachments.
196 for devices for truing millstone faces that sometimes include straightedge features.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 89.2 for the combination of a straightedge with a blotter.
225, Severing by Tearing or Breaking, subclass 91 for a straightedge disclosed for use as a tearing edge for web or sheet.
235, Registers, appropriate subclasses for mechanical calculating devices.
434, Education and Demonstration subclass 111, 186, and 239+ for devices for instructing or teaching navigation.

Wall guide and plumb (e.g., building construction):
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter wherein the device, as disclosed, is to be used in the construction of buildings, especially where the upright portion of the building may form an outside wall or inner
partition.

Batter board type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter comprising upright board type devices erected at the corners of a building foundation or lot over which horizontal lines are stretched to define the shape of the building, positions of walls, and the like.

Adjustable vertically:
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter wherein the devices can be moved in an up or down direction along the building or wall portion.

Building is the vertical support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 404. Subject matter wherein the building or a wall portion is the support for the guide.

Connected to brick:
This subclass is indented under subclass 407. Subject matter wherein the wall is a brick wall and the wall guide is directly connected to a brick in the wall.

By line tension only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter wherein the wall guide is a line which is stretched by a spring-type mechanism from one end of a brick wall portion to another.

Having adjustable clamp:
This subclass is indented under subclass 408. Subject matter comprising a device connected to a brick or wall portion which is adapted to be varied in its position along the brick or wall portion.

Clapboard marking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising devices supported or positioned for marking building materials prior to sawing.

Shaft aligning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a device utilized as a straight line guide for positioning rodlike machine elements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
339 for a cord type straight line guide including a level or plumb.

Cord type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is a flexible line connected at one end to a support.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
404 for other flexible lines guides which are used in building construction.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 370 for a reeling device for holding a cord when no specific chalking feature is defined.

With chalking feature:
This subclass is indented under subclass 413. Subject matter having means for applying a marking medium onto the flexible line.

Multiplane angularly adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a plurality of connected straightedges for varying the relative position of the straightedges in more than one plane.

Roofing framing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 415. Subject matter comprising a multiplane straightedge type device specifically designed for measuring and laying out the length and bevels of roof rafters.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
481 for other multiplane straightedges which are fixed at various angles.

Having rafter cut indicia (e.g., pitch, rise, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 416. Subject matter wherein the straightedge device comprises various markings or numerical tables specifically designed for use in solving roof cutting problems.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
423 476 and 494, for other types of straightedges having special types of tables or indicia.

Square and pivoted straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising means establishing at least one right angle and one or more straightedge members angularly adjustable on the right angle means.
(1) Note. A square is a device having two straightedges at a 90 deg. angle to each other, the straightedges being of substantial length. A rule is comprised of a single straightedge member of determinate length and does not function as a square of this subclass type.

And sliding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the straightedge member is arranged to have both pivotal and sliding adjustment.

Straightedge as a hypotenuse of the square:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter comprising two straightedges connected to each other at an angle of 90 deg. and one or more straightedges or other means to determine a straight line arranged to slide over the first-named straightedges, so as to be connected to each of them at selectable distances from the right angle.

Having angle or slope indicating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 420. Subject matter having indicia on the straightedges for indicating a degree of incline or divergence.

Having circumferential pivot, only:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the straightedge can be rotated from its connected point in a circular manner.

With indicia for rafter cuts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter wherein the device includes various markings or numerical tables specifically designed for use in solving roof cutting problems.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
417 for similar types of straightedge devices having roof cutting tables or indicia.

With protractor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 418. Subject matter including a device having a circular pattern of indicia for indicating angles in degrees.

And sliding straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter wherein a straightedge or a portion thereof can have a circular type of sweeping motion on the protractor.

Located on straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 424. Subject matter wherein the protractor is attached to the straightedge.

Square and sliding nonpivotal straightedge(s):
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter wherein the straightedge can be adjusted along a straight line on the square.

Straightedge bisects right angle of square (i.e., centering
square):
This subclass is indented under subclass 427. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is situated such that as it slides on the square, an edge of the straightedge indicates two equal angles of 45 deg..

Square and fixed straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising two straightedges connected to each other at angle of 90 deg. and at least one other straightedge is immovably attached to the other two straightedges.

Base attached:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a support upon which the straightedge device is attached.
(1) Note. If the straightedge and the base are both specially modified to engage with each other, the device is classified here, even though the straightedge may be easily removed from the base.

Navigation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a device specially designed for plotting or computing a given course through the air or on land and water.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
235, Registers, subclass 61 comprising calculating machines for mechanically performing the various mathematical functions.

Perspective drawing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter
comprising a device specially designed to help depict from a plan or elevation a view as it would appear to the eye.

With T-square straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter comprising a headpiece or stock having at least one straightedge and another straightedge connected to the headpiece at substantially its median point at a 90 deg. angle and designed to project beyond the head on its straightedge side.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 and 479, for similar T-square type devices but not base attached.

With parallel straightedge arrangement (i.e., drafting machine):
This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter comprising a straightedge device which may be moved over the supporting base or surface with the ruling edge of the straightedge at all times in line with a vanishing point as relates to drawing perspectives.

Rotary base:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter wherein the support base can be moved in a circular motion while the straightedge device maintains a constant position.

Linear counter rule:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter comprising a straightedge on the supporting base with special indicia markings for determining various lengths or widths of work placed on the support.

With guide or catch for T-square type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter comprising means for maintaining the straightedge in positive rectilinear path relative to the base as it is moved along the edge of the supporting base.

Universal parallelism arrangement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter wherein the straightedge device is so attached to the base for movement that it may be set for movement in any one direction relative to the base and moved over all portions of the surface of the base in that direction.

Wheel and band:
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Subject matter comprising a rotatable cylindrical guide and a flexible belt or cord traveling over the cylindrical guide and attached to the straightedge to assist in guiding the movement of the straightedge device.

With counterbalance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 439. Subject matter including a weight device connected to the band to oppose or offset the weight of or forces acting on the straightedge device.

Double linkage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 438. Subject matter comprising a pantos:graphic-type connection to the straightedge device and adapted to move freely over the support work surface at all time in a predetermined angular relationship to the support surface.

With counterbalance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 441. Subject matter including a weight device connected to the pantos:graphic device to oppose or offset the weight of or force acting on the straightedge device.

Both ends connected:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is attached to the supporting base at each extremity by some means to guide the straightedge on the support base.

By cord and roller:
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Subject matter comprising a rotatable cylindrical guide and flexible means traveling over the guide so as to assist in the mechanical movement of the straightedge device.

By rack and pinion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Subject matter comprising a bar with teeth on one face for gearing with a pinion or worm gear to assist in a positive manner the mechanical movement of the straightedge device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
447 and 450, for other straightedge devices which have means for positive movement.

One end moveable along straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Subject matter comprising means on one extremity of the straightedge for accurately guiding the straightedge on one edge of the
support base.

Set shift, positively:
This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter comprising means for moving the straightedge device a predetermined increment along the surface of the support base.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and 450, for devices for accurately advancing the straightedge over the work.

With means for moving straightedge over a surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising means incorporated into the straightedge device for facilitating the movement over the work supported on the base.

By rollers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter wherein the means for moving the straightedge includes rotatable cylindrical supports.

Set shift:
This subclass is indented under subclass 448. Subject matter comprising means for moving the straightedge device in predetermined increments along the surface of the work.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and 447, for devices for accurately advancing the straightedge over the work.

Combined with level:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter having means to assist in the alignment of the straightedge with respect to the direction of the force of gravity comprising gravity indicating means.
(1) Note. Level of plumb structure per se can be found in other sections of this class under subclasses 300+, "Indicator of Direction of Force Traversing Natural Media". The primary difference is that the intended function of the device is that of indicating direction rather than it being utilized as a straightedge device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
365 for levels including those similar to those found in this subclass, although a straightedge-type device may be disclosed.

Plural straightedges, relatively moveable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising two or more straightedges which can be adjusted in relation to each other for the purpose of positioning either straightedge on the work as needed.

Triangulation (e.g., solving trigonometric functions):
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter including means for the measurement of triangles on the earth's surface (e.g., surveying) or broadly for performing any similar trigonometric operation for finding a position or location by means of bearings from two fixed points a known distance apart.

Parallel type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter comprising at least two straightedges linked together so as to permit one of the straightedges to assume positions of varying distances from the other while maintaining parallelism with the stationary straightedge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
427 for devices having a bar slidingly mounted on another bar and which may be used for drawing parallel lines.
430 for base attached parallel type straightedge.

Intercontrolled bevel blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter comprising a plurality of straightedges connected and pivoted to each other so that one of the straightedges cannot be adjusted to a new position without a proportional movement of the other straightedge(s).
(1) Note. The subject matter of this subclass generally relates to an angle determinator and bisector for use by skilled carpenters, mechanics, and other craftsmen in the measuring of angles and for determining the bisector of any angle measured.

Multipivoted straightedges:
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter comprising a plurality of straightedges each having more than one pivot point to permit the pivoted adjustment of one straight edge relative to another.

Navigational:
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter comprising a device specially designed for plotting or computing a given course through the air or on land or water.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
431 for similar type of navigation devices having a base.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
235, Registers, subclass 61 for calculating machines for mechanically performing the various mathematical functions.

Folding rule type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter comprising a plurality of straightedges pivotally connected at their extremities and particularly designed to be used as measuring devices when all the sections are laid out in a straight line.
(1) Note. When the device has more than one pivot which are adjusted to positions other than a straight line or other measuring purposes, the patents are placed elsewhere in the schedule.
(2) Note. The patents in this subclass relate to devices which are folded for the purpose of storage.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 for multipivoted straightedges which are designed for the purpose of making a geometrical relationship.

Two straightedges pivoted at the ends of a central straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter comprising one straightedge having another straightedge adjustable at each of the extremities of the one straightedge.
(1) Note. The middle straightedge is generally the longest of the other two straightedges, while the outer straightedges are generally work contact edges.

At least one pivot is sliding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein one or both of the outer straightedges can traverse the pivot.

Central straightedge longitudinally adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 460. Subject matter
wherein the middle straightedge is constructed in sections that can be varied in length by telescoping one section relative to the other.

Central straightedge longitudinally adjustable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the middle straightedge is constructed in sections that can be varied in length by telescoping one section relative to the other.

Three straightedges forming a triangle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 459. Subject matter wherein the various straightedges are adjustable to construct a three-sided geometrical figure.

Sliding:
Subject matter under 452 wherein the straightedges can be adjusted by traversing one relative to the others.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
423 and 470, for other sliding straightedges.

Single pivot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter wherein the various straightedges are connected together so as to be rotatable relative to one another about a single axis.

Handsaw attachment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter comprising a disclosed manually usable carpenter's saw having
a straightedge-type device for guiding the tool or indicating some type of measurement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
7, Compound Tools, subclass 150 for details of a handsaw combined with a straightedge, level, etc.

Lettering guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter comprising a device utilized for steadying or directing the motion of a tool for writing or printing alpha or numeric characters.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
477 for similar type lettering devices having a single pivotal movement.

T-Head with pivoted straightedge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter comprising a headpiece or stock having at least one straightedge and another straightedge connected to the headpiece about an axis at substantially its median point at a 90 deg. angle and designed to project beyond the headpiece on its straightedge side.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
433 and 474, for similar type T-head construction.

Locking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter having means for holding the position of the pivoted straightedge with respect to the head or stock at one or more definite points.

Sliding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is arranged for transverse adjustment through the pivot point.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
464 and 473, for other sliding straightedges.

With angle indicating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter having indicia on the straightedge for indicating a degree of incline or divergence.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
Appropriate subclass for angle indicating means bearing particular types of indicia.

Pivot straightedge and sliding nonpivoted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter comprising a straightedge having a pivotal adjustment which may slide relative to a base straightedge and another straightedge having a sliding but nonpivotal motion on the base straightedge.

Sliding pivotal adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 465. Subject matter wherein one of the straightedges can traverse its connection at the axis in addition to its rotary movement.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are devices best known in the art as bevels.

Plural straightedges nonadjustably fixed at right angles (e.g., T-square, triangles, squares):
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter
comprising various straightedges which are conjointly secured at an angle of 90 deg..

With right angle truing adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter provided with means to accurately position the straightedges at a 90 deg. angle relative to each other.

With special scale markings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter provided with indicia pertaining to a specific type of a measurement desired.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
494 for other similar type for scale indicia on single straightedge devices.

Lettering guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter comprising a device utilized for establishing boundaries for writing or printing alpha or numeric characters.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
467 for similar type lettering guides.

Folding or separable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter wherein the straightedges are adjustable from a storage position to a 90 deg. angle or one of the straightedges can be removed from the device.
(1) Note. The devices are generally intended to be used only at fixed right angles and folded merely for storage purposes.

T-square:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter comprising a headpiece and a straightedge secured to the headpiece at substantially its median point at an angle of 90 deg., the straightedge being designed to project beyond the headpiece.

Try square:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter comprising two straightedges conjointly secured at a 90 deg. angle for the purpose of ascertaining whether a piece of work is at a true 90 deg. angle.

Multiplane:
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter wherein the straightedge device is constructed to ascertain a desired measurement in more than one plane.

Plural nonadjustable straightedges forming nonright angles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a closed straightedge geometrical figure having other than angles at 90 deg..
(1) Note. The patents included in this subclass are known in the art as polygons.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
418 427+, and 429, for devices which include closed geometrical figures having right angles.

Rules:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising a single nonattached straight bar of rigid enough material to guide a tool for drawing straight lines and having some type of indicia on the straightedge for making some type of measurement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 89.2 for a ruler combined with a blotter.

With attachment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Subject matter comprising some additional device to facilitate the use of the straightedge for drawing straight line.

For performing diverse function:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter wherein the attachment comprises additional means to permit the use of the straightedge for some other purpose than drawing straight lines.

Index:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter including an indicator or marker which may be adjusted on the straightedge to point out sequentially desired indicia.

For subdividing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Subject matter comprising means on the straightedge for indicating equal increments.

Optical (e.g., magnifying):
This subclass is indented under subclass 486. Subject matter provided with means on the straightedge to enlarge or emphasize the indicia on the straightedge.

For supporting above work surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter provided with means on the straightedge to space it relative to the surface upon which the straightedge is positioned.

Located on end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter wherein a device is positioned at the extremities of the straightedge for the purpose of facilitating the drawing of a straight line.

Selectable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is constructed to provide a choice of ruling edges.

Edge details:
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is constructed to provide a ruling edge having one or more designs on said edge for drawing other than straight lines.

Particular material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Subject matter wherein the straightedge is constructed of some specified type of material.
(1) Note. Included in these minerals are plastics, wood, and metals.

Special scale markings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 483. Subject matter provided with indicia pertaining to a specific type of a measurement desired.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
476 for other or similar type of scale indicia on single straightedge devices.

Pivot joints:
This subclass is indented under subclass 403. Subject matter comprising structure wherein straightedges are connected about a common axis to provide limited rotary movement only.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 for T-head and pivoted straightedge.

180 degree limit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the rotary movement is limited to extend the straightedges into a straight line position (i.e., 180 deg.).

Locking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 496. Subject matter having means for positively securing the movement or position of the straightedges at one or more definite points.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
469 for pivoted straightedge having means for securing the straightedge to a definite position.

90 degree limit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter wherein the rotary movement of the straightedges is to a right angle maximum.

Locking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 498. Subject matter having means for positively securing the movement or position of the straightedges at one or more definite points.

Locking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter having means for positively securing the movement or position of the straightedges at one or more definite points.

GAUGE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which includes a contact member ("Probe") to touch an animate or inanimate object (a) to determine a geometrical characteristic of the object, or (b) to support and position a workpiece for gauging.
(1) Note. Probes which physically contact an object with or without a transducer are in this group of subclasses.
(2) Note. Gauging subcombinations are classifiable in this group of subclasses.
(3) Note. Tolerance gauges are in this group of subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for an apparel gauge.
18 for a scriber.
121 for an area integrator.
227 for a straight line light ray gauge.
300 for an indicator of direction of force traversing natural media.
463 for a straight edge type gauge.
700 for a distance gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 104 for surface and cutting edge testing including roughness, subclass 147 for a dynamic wing area or propeller study in a wind tunnel and subclass 149 for volume content measuring.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, 531 for sorting bottles, ampoules, jars, drinking vessels or ceramic and glass containers by means of a contact gauge and subclasses 601+ for sorting items by a contact gauge.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 200 for testing a magnet. An electromagnetic field, material, stress in material, displacement, eddy current and flaw testing by means of a magnetic field, subclasses 600+ for determining a nonelectric property by means of an impedance, admittance or a related quantity, and subclass 457 for electrostatic field testing.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 678 for a geometrical gauge responsive indicating system.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 450 for a light interference type gauge, subclasses 138 + for an angle measurement or axial alignment gauge, and subclasses 372+ for a mensuration or contour comparison gauge.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 50 for an analyzer, structured indicator, or manipulative laboratory device.
451, Abrading, subclass 46 for a process of grinding a gauge.
483, Tool Changing, subclass 19 and 31 for apparatus for supporting a particular tool, such as a probe, combined with tool transfer means.

Leather grading or size:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein the contact member determines the size of weight of a piece of leather.

Continuous gauging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member engages a moving material or article to determine the grade or size of the material or article.
(1) Note. An indicator that measures plus or minus zero setting or markings, that do not give an actual measure are here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.01 for continuous grading of leather.

Including electric means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.02. Subject matter having an electric circuit and/or electric indicator.

Pivoted probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.03. Subject matter wherein the contact member is movable about a point.

Comparator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter having means for comparing an article or material with a given size or measurement.
(1) Note. These gauges have set probes, a zero dial with plus or minus mark, etc., but do not give a variable measurement as classified in subclasses 700.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
700 for distance measurement.

Beam type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.05. Subject matter having mounted on a bar or rod, at least two contact members of which at least one is movable.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
545 for comparison with a standard.
795 for a beam type measuring means.

Three contact probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.06. Subject matter wherein the beam has three contact members mounted on it.

Hand held:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.05. Subject matter wherein the gauge is supported by a human hand.

Plural contact probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.08. Subject matter having more than one contact member.

Only three probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.09. Subject matter wherein the comparator has only three contact members.

Implement type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the gauge is held by a person's hand when in use.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.13 for gauging pairs of gears.

Internal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the teeth are on the inside surface of a passageway, cavity or hole.

By pair of engaged gears:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the contact member is a gear which is rotated while in contact with another gear.
(1) Note. All gears in this subclass are production gears whereas in subclass 501.19 one of the gears is a master which is used for test only.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.19 for test by using a rotating master gear.

By probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the contact member has a slender elongated shape which contacts a tooth during a test.

Teeth spacing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.14. Subject
matter wherein the probe is used to determine the distance between adjacent teeth.

Including a master:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.14. Subject matter wherein the probe compares a gear to a standard reference gear.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.19 for gear testing by a master, per se.

Plural probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.14. Subject matter having more than one contact member.

Only two:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.17. Subject matter wherein exactly two probes are used for measuring.

By rotary master:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the contact member is a standard reference gear that turns about an axis through its center.

With rotary indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.1. Subject matter having a movable readout member which turns about an axis so as to indicate measurement.

Only four probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.09. Subject matter wherein the comparator has only four contact members.

With rotary indicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.09. Subject matter having a movable readout member which turns about an axis so as to indicate measurement.

Fixed size:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.09. Subject matter having two different single size contact members and only one member at a time contacts an article to determine if the size is over, under or just right.

With pivot means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.08. Subject matter having a member which includes a contact member that moves about a point.

Electric type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.05. Subject matter having an indicator controlled by an electric circuit or an electric indicator.

Tooth testing (e.g., gear, rack):
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member engages a gear type element for determining the form, shape, etc., of a tooth or teeth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 162 for processes and apparatus for determining other physical characteristics of gears such as tooth strength, noise produced by meshing, etc.

By electrical comparison:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.7. Subject matter wherein the gear type element is examined by using an electrical reference pattern to observe similarities or differences.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communication: Electrical, subclass 825.3 for intelligence comparison.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 527 for measuring or testing using specific data processing.

Including a probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501.8. Subject matter having a contact member which has a slender elongated shape.

With calibration device or gauge for nuclear reactor element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter (a) which includes structure to check and adjust the response of the gauge or (b) wherein the contact member gauges a nuclear fuel element, control element or element container.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
545 for comparison of a tested article with a standard.
567 for a gauge block, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 1.75 for proving or calibration of an angle, direction, or inclination measuring apparatus; and subclasses 1.79+ for proving or calibration of a displacement, motion, distance, or position measuring apparatus.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 252.1 for calibration or standardization methods and subclasses 336.1+ for testing particle or wave nuclear radiation.
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements, subclass 450 for fuel component structure with condition sensing or indicating means.

Coordinate movable probe or machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is (a) part of a device to determine a position or change in position in at least two perpendicular direction with respect to a common origin or (b) movable in at least two perpendicular direction with respect to a common origin.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for a two-coordinate motion device.
18 for a scriber controlled by coordinate motion probe support.
505 for a gauge having a computer control or an analogue-to-digital device.
520 for a center locator or center line location.
551 for a profile test with a support for tested article.
556 for a profile gauge having a movable contact probe.
558 for a movable contact probe which has movement in a least two perpendicular direction where no linear movement in the perpendicular directions is involve.
568 for a work support adjustment in at least two perpendicular directions.

With computer responsive to contact probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein the contact member is movable and includes a calculator, responsive to the movable member, to perform some mathematical function.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
700, Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications, subclass 303 for dimensional responsive control system.

Having program control or an analogue to digital device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a device (a) to control the logical order of events in a gauging operation or (b) convert analogue information into digital information or digital information into analogue information.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 for a gauge with a computer.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, 126 for analog to or from digital conversion, per se.
700, Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications, subclass 303 for dimensional control.
702, Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing, subclass 97 for calibration of length, distance, or thickness, and subclasses 155+ for dimensional determination.

Target, weapon or weapon projectile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts (a) a target to locate a projectile hit, (b) weapon part to determine the size or shape of the weapon part or some other geometrical characteristic of the part, or (c) a projectile of a weapon to determine some geometrical characteristic of the projectile.
(1) Note. Archery bow and gun gauges are here.
(2) Note. Arrow and cartridges gauges are here.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
42, Firearms, 55, for breech loading weapons, subclasses 59+ for revolvers, subclasses 71+ for stocks and subclasses 76+ for gun barrels.
102, Ammunition and Explosives, 430 for cartridges particularly subclasses 464+ for a cartridge case.
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, 16 for spring type guns and projectors, subclasses 23.1+ for an archery bow and subclass 56 for fluid pressure guns and projectors.
273, Amusement Devices: Games, subclass 408 for a target penetrated by a projectile.
473, Games Using Tangible Projectile, 578 for an arrow.

Lens:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a lens.
(1) Note. A lens includes a lens blank.
(2) Note. Gauging (a) curvature, or length and width, or locating (b) a point, (c) the mechanical axis or (d) the optical axis of a lens, is classifiable here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
28 for lens scribers.
520 for center, point between centers or center line location.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing subclass 127 for optical center cylinder axis or prism measuring or determining.
451, Abrading, 42 for a method of grinding a lens and subclasses 246+ for an abrading machine having a rotary, cylindrical abrading tool adapted to engage a rotating workpiece, such as a lens.

Golf stance, swing or club analysis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter
wherein the contact member touches the feet, ball, hands or club to check a golfers posture, swing, club face angle with respect to the hole or a geometrical condition of the golf club.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for angular measurement.
533 for straightness or alignment.
534 for an angle measurement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
434, Education and Demonstration subclass 252 for golf instruction.
473, Amusement Devices: Games, 198, 201+, 207+, 218, 219+ and 266+ for indicators associated with golfing equipment or with golf practice devices used in playing or practicing the game.

Bowling ball:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member determines the position of the holes to be made in an undrilled bowling ball so that the undrilled bowling ball can be marked and drilled to custom fit the ball to individuals.
(1) Note. Here are contact type gauges to show the angle that the bowling fingers makes with the surface of a bowling ball.
(2) Note. "Pitch" is the angle the finger hole center line makes with the surface of a ball.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
391 for a pendulum type indicator of direction of fare caused by the attraction of the mass of an article to the mass of the earth.
534 for an angle gauge generally.
542 for an internal gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by the Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 1 for a method of drilling a bowling ball.
434, Education and Demonstration subclass 249 for teaching bowling.
473, Amusement Devices: Games, 54 for a bowling game, particularly subclasses 55+ for a bowling practice or assist device, subclasses 67+ for an indicator for a bowling pin handling device, and subclasses 125+ for a bowling ball with means to change finger hole location or size.

Grip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter which includes a simulated bowling ball and the contact member has variable thumb and finger holes spaced from each other on the ball and means to determine the spacing between the thumb and the fingers used to grip a bowling ball.
(1) Note. "Grip" is the distance between the bowlers thumb and bowling fingers when gripping a bowling ball.

Anatomical:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a contact member which touches an animal, a human being or a dental prosthesis part to be used by a human being.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
195 for a hoof gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
54, Harness, 19.1 for collars.
119, Animal Husbandry, 856 for a collar or other body- or appendage-encircling device.

Human:
This subclass is indented under subclass 511. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a human body or prosthesis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for an apparel or apparel layout gauge.
23 for a scriber pantograph of human form.
508 for a golf stance, swing or club analysis gauge.
509 for a bowling ball gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
600, Surgery, 587 for measuring an anatomical characteristic.

Dental:
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter wherein the contact member is restricted to dental use.
(1) Note. The gauge may be used on the head, supported by the head, contacts the head as at the chin or the forehead or the gauge may be used with the gauging of artificial teeth or a tooth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
433, Dentistry, 72 for dental apparatus having a gauge or guide.

With mouth or teeth contact:
This subclass is indented under subclass 513. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts the mouth or the teeth of a person.

Ring type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a finger of a person for determining ring size.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
544.3 for a gauge to measure the size of a ring.
555.1 for a gauge for determining circular size.

Conformator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter, wherein the contact member is constructed such that when pressed against a human body it will conform to the same and when removed it will retain a shape corresponding to the shape of the body or the contact member can be formed to a shape of a human body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561.1 for conformator used on objects.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
223, Apparel Apparatus, 12 and 24+ for combined conformator and stretcher.

Having support or foot locator for body:
This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject of matter with a support for the human body or a foot locator which is part of the contact member apparatus.

Point reproducer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a point on a three dimensional object to (a) duplicate the point on a three dimensional copy of the object or (b) check or transfer a point on the three dimensional object to or from another object.

Bearing or bearing part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a device to gauge a bearing or bearing part.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 898 for a process for making bearing or component thereof, and subclass 724 for means to assemble or disassemble a roller or ball bearing.
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 9 for a frictional resistance test.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 682 for testing a bearing condition responsive indicating system.
451, Abrading, 49 for grinding of a roll, roller, shaft, ball, or piston.

Masonry construction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member gauges structure constructed of brick, stone or block.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
562 for a template.

Cam profile or keyway:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts (a) the working face of a cam or (b) a groove, in a part, designed to be used with a key.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
546 for a profile test involving a comparison with a standard.
551 for a profile test including a support for the article tested.
556 for a profile test using a movable contact probe.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 567 for a cam.

Center, point, distance between centers or center line location:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter for a single object wherein the contact member locates or checks (a) the center of a hole, (b) a point on a surface, (c) the center of an arc, (d) the distance between hole centers or (e) the location of a center line.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
644 for the relative location of the center of two or more objects.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass 75 for a centering means adapted to be replaced by a cutting tool, subclasses 115+ for an adjustable tool guiding bushing with a cutting tool and subclass 241 for a drill bushing.

Earth profile or road grade or shrub or tree trim guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein there is (a) a contact member or members forming a plurality of points contacting the earth or a road bed to establish or check the elevation at each of the points or (b) wherein the contact member serves as a profile or trim guide for a shrub or a tree.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
37, Excavating, subclass 381 for a road grader.
404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus, subclass 27 for a pavement with a road bed.

Container:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member inspects some geometrical characteristic of a receptacle.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 37 for testing sealed or unsealed objects including a receptacle with fluid pressure, particularly subclasses 40+ for a leakage test with or without discard of defective objects and subclass 52 for
testing a sealed receptacle.
177, Weighing Scales, subclass 1 for processing of weighing and subclasses 52+ for a conveyor means handling successive receivers relative to filling and weighing means.
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, 522 for sorting a ceramic or glass container.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 223 for testing a bottle by a photoelectrical optical or preoptical system.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 613 for a condition responsive to weight in a container.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 427 for testing container content by rotation or agitation and subclass 428 for testing a container by rotation or agitation.

With conveying wheel support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a wheeled support for the contact member for moving the member along the surface tested.
(1) Note. Classified here are gauges to examine a road or railroad track.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
556 for movably supported contact probe gauge.
572 for a gauge contact member support.
651 for railway track gauge.

For railway track:
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts rails for aligning or checking purpose.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
651.1 for a track gauge of general use.

With recording means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 523.1. Subject matter including means to make a record of track condition.

Food portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member determines geometrically (a) the amount of food to make a portion of a meal, (b) a a portion of a constituent material making a food item, or which consists of or includes a pattern to form portions of a food item, or a marker to form a design on the food item.
(1) Note. The food may be cooked or uncooked.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for a distance measurement.
534 for an angle gauges.
555.1 for a circular gauge.
562 for a template.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 426 for a measuring vessel.

Pie, cake, cheese, pizza or sandwich portion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 524. Subject matter wherein the member determines a portion of pie, cake, cheese, pizza or sandwich.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 289 for a knife with a cutting guide.
83, Cutting, 821 for a cutter with means to guide the cutter.
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus, subclass 450.3 for a pie making machine and subclass 450.4 for a sandwich making machine.

Flooring, floor or wall covering, or molding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact gauge member contacts flooring room molding or floor or wall covering material for the purpose of marking or cutting the material.
(1) Note. The marking or the cutting member is not claimed with this gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for a scriber.
103 for a straight edge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, subclass 289 for material guide to cause a cutting tool to move in a predetermined manner to the material.
83, Cutting, 13 for cutting methods and subclass 651 for a cutting tool or a cutting tool with a support.

Floor covering:
This subclass is indented under subclass 526. Subject matter wherein the material gauged is a floor tile, linoleum carpet or rug.

Wall panel outline marker for utility:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is used to note the location and the outline of a utility cutout to be made in a wall of a building.
(1) Note. The utility includes electrical power, lighting, heating, cooling and water.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
562 for a template.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
52, Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), 220.1 for a service duct within a barrier.

Pipe layout or fitting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is (a) a pattern to lay out the shape of sheet metal to form a pipe, (b) a fitting gauge to determine the length, size or angle of a pipe section to be formed or (c) a gauge to determine how to cut an existing pipe.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for a layout instrument and an angular measurement.
18 for a scriber.
534 for an angle gauge.
562 for a template.
700 for a distance instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, 199 for metal deforming by use of a roller or roller-like tool element, subclass 253.1 for metal deforming by extruding through an orifice and subclasses 362+ or a process of metal deforming.
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, subclass 155 for joined sections and subclass 156 for a longitudinally seamed pipe.

Pitchometer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a propeller blade to determine or check a relationship between a surface of the blade with a fluid to be contacted by the blade surface.
(1) Note. Marine and aircraft propellers are tested here.
(2) Note. The contact member may test a contour, angle or a distance related to the pitch of the blade.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
534 for an angle measurement.
551 for a profile test gauge having a support for the tested article.
556 for movable contact probe testing an article for profile or some other characteristic.
572 for a gauge contact probe support.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 149 for a aerodynamic propeller study and subclasses 455+ for a propeller rotor unbalance test.

Taper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member gauges an object surface which is symmetrical about an axis and decreases gradually in size in a dimension perpendicular to the axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
199 for a screw thread gauge.
452 for plural straight edges, relatively movable to measure taper.
542 for an internal gauge.
734 for an angle gauge.

External:
This subclass is indented under subclass 531. Subject matter wherein the taper is outside of the object.

Straightness, flatness or alignment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member (a) gauges an object that has an axis to determine whether the axis is a straight line, (b)
gauges an object to determine if the surface has every point in the same flat plane, or (c) gauges an object at certain points to determine that the points are at the proper location.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
180 for positioning a plurality of objects relative to each other.
286 for a straightline light ray alignment device.
290 for a straightline light ray level device.
412 for a straightedge type shift alignment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 104 for surface testing.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, subclass 371 for flatness testing, subclass 153 for alignment of axes nominally coaxial, and subclass 399 for alignment in a lateral direct.

Angle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member sets up an angular relationship or the gauge includes an angle determining device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for an angular measurement and an angular position transducer.
281 for vertical and horizontal angle measurements by straight line light rays.
282 for a vertical angle measurement by straight line light rays.
285 for a horizontal angle measurement by straight line light rays.
424 for a straightedge type instrument having a square pivoted straightedge and a protractor.
508 for an angular measurement used in golf stance, swing or club analysis.
511 for an angle measurement used in an anatomical gauge.
530 for a pitchometer which measures the pitch or angle of a propeller or turbine blade.
569 for adjustable work supports which position a workpiece support at known angles.

Squareness:
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter wherein the contact member checks for a ninety degree angle formed by one side of an article and an adjacent side of the same article.

Sine, cosine or tangent bar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter wherein the contact member forms a plane which makes an angle with a known plane, the angle being defined in terms of a sine, cosine or tangent trignometric function.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
531 for an internal or external taper gauge using a bar.
537 for an adjustable article support to position an article by a sine, cosine or tangent bar.
567 for a gauge block, per se.

Article support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter wherein the contact member is an article support.

Fixed pivot at one end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter wherein there is a fixed pivot point for the contact member close to one of its ends.

Lock or key:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a contact member to (a) contact a lock, pin or lever position on a key or (b) contact a pin or lever of a cylinder lock.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, 336 for a key.

Cylinder lock tumbler decoder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 539. Subject matter wherein the contact each pin or lever of the lock to determine the shape of a key which will unlock the lock.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
70, Locks, 266 for a dock operating mechanism and subclass 394 for key picking.

Postage stamp or mechanical coupling gauge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member (a) checks the edge serrations of a postage stamp or (b) touches a mechanical coupling part.
(1) Note. A mechanical coupling part includes hose, tube and railway car couplings.

Internal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts the inside of a passageway or cavity within an object or the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 for an internal circular size gauge.
509 for bowling ball gauges to determine where to drill the
finger hole positions in a ball.
531 for an internal taper gauge.

Telescoping caliper or stem gauge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Subject matter wherein the gauge has contact members which are movable so as to conform to an inside dimension of a workpiece.
(1) Note. If the caliper has indication for giving an indication of the distance between the contacts, see subclasses 33-783.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.09 for hand held comparator.
783 for telescoping calipers with a distance indicator.

Concentricity or eccentricity:
Subject matter under 542 wherein the passageway or cavity has an axis and the contact member determines if points of the passageway or cavity are or are not at the same distance from the axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
550 for an external concentricity gauge having a support for a gauged article.
556 for a movable contact probe to test external concentricity.

Fluid type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Subject matter, wherein a fluid pressure moves a probe into contact with an object being gauged or is used for gauging.

Earth cavity or tube:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Subject matter wherein the passageway or cavity is a pipe, casing, or hole in the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 for internal or external size of circular objects including bore hole size.
304 for a borehole direction or inclination indication of force traversing natural media.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 152.01 for a borehole and drilling study.
250, Radiant Energy, 256 for well testing apparatus and methods.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 323 for subsurface testing including a borehole and subclass 220 for magnetic sensor testing within a pipe or borehole.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, 241.1 for bore inspection.
367, Communication, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices, 81 for wellbore telemetering.
600, Surgery, 101 for an endoscope.

Including means to rotate probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 544. Subject matter having means to turn the contact member about a longitudinal axis of the earth cavity or tube.

Having means to actuate probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 544. Subject matter including means to move the contact member into contact with an object to be gauged.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
543 for concentricity or eccentricity gauge.

Biased probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 544.2. Subject matter having resilient means to urge the contact member into contact with the passageway or cavity.

Tapered probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Subject matter wherein the contact member has a contact surface which is symmetrical about an axis and decreases gradually in size in a dimension perpendicular to the axis.

Having more than two probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 542. Subject matter having at least three contact members that contact an object.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
542.1 for telescoping caliper or stem gauge with two probes.

Only three probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 544.4. Subject matter wherein exactly three probes are used for gauging.

Comparison with a standard:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a standard to compare the sensing of an article by the contact member with a corresponding distance of the standard.
(1) Note. The standard includes a master article, a template or a curve.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.06 for a beam terminal comparator.

Profile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 545. Subject matter wherein the purpose of the test is for comparing the shape of the tested article with the shape of a standard.
(1) Note. The comparison may involve tolerance between the tested article and the standard.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
519 for a cam profile test.
521 for an earth surface profile or a road grade profile test.
551 for an external profile test which includes a tested object support.
556 for an external profile test using a movable contact probe.

Optical comparison:
This subclass is indented under subclass 546. Subject matter which includes a projection screen having a curve to compare a point on the article contacted by the contact member by projecting the point unto the corresponding point on the curve on the screen.

Plural tests:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes more than one contact member to measure more than one geometrical characteristic of an object.
(1) Note. This subclass is not restricted to an integral mount for all of the testing devices.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
552 for plural contact members to indicate the profile of an object when it is supported during the test.
577 for plural contact members used in a single test.
560 for plural contact members with or without a transducer responsive to a contact members.

With support for gauged article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes structure to hold an article while being gauged by the contact member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
515 for a gauge having a support for human being.
568 for linear or angular change of workpiece position.
573 for an article support, per se, used in a gauge of subclasses 501+.

Concentricity:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter wherein the article has an external surface having an axis of symmetry and the contact member contacts points on the external surface to determine whether the points are at the same distance from the axis or not.
(1) Note. Eccentricity testing is here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
543 for an internal concentricity or eccentricity gauge.
556 for an external concentricity or eccentricity gauge.

Profile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter
wherein the contact member examines the held article for the shape of the gauged article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
519 for a cam profile.
521 for an earth or road profile.
530 for a profile of a propeller
546 for an external profile test by comparison with a standard profile which may be a curve of a standard profile.
556 for an external profile test having a movable contact probe.

Having plural contact members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein the shape of the article is examined by plural contact members.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
546 for a profile test which involves comparison with a standard.
557 for a profile test using plural movable probes.

Member contacts successive points on the article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 551. Subject matter wherein the contact member is movable to contact successive points on the held article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
546 for a profile test where a standard profile is compared with the profile of tested article.
552 for a profile test using plural contact members where a member contacts successive points on an article.
554 for contact member which successively contacts a plurality of points on an object and a recording is made of each contact.

With recording of contact member position at each point on the article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 553. Subject matter wherein a recording means is responsive to the position of the movable contact member contacting the article at each point to show the profile of the article.

Having indicator of probe position or movement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter wherein the contact member is movable when gauging the supported article and there is an indicator responsive to the movement or position of the contact member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for a distance gauge determining one dimension.
503 for a coordinate machine.
531 for an internal or external taper gauge.
534 for an angle measurement.
542 for an internal gauge.
545 for a gauge including comparison with a standard.
548 for plural tests.

Circular size:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member contacts a point on the external surface of a circular article to determine the size of the article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501.05 for comparing the size of a circle.
542 for internal circular size.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
194, Check-Controlled Apparatus, 344 for analogous structure in check testers.
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 111, for chucks provided with means to indicate the size of opening of the jaws.

Aperture type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 555.1. Subject matter wherein the contact member has a series of holes or a single adjustable hole to determine the size of the circular article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
514.1 for hole type ring gauge.

"V" type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 555.1. Subject matter having two angularly related contact members and the article contacts the surface of the members to determine its size.

Flexible band type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 555.1. Subject matter wherein the contact member is wrapped around the circular object.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561.2 for a flexible band used for determining the shape of an object.

Having a movable contact probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is movable when in use as a gauge and includes an indicator responsive to the contact member.
(1) Note. Adjustment of a contact member and the fixed in position when a gauging step is performed is in subclass 501.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
555 for an indicator responsive to a movable contact probe with a support for probe sensed article.
572 for a support, per se, for a contact probe.

Plural probes;
This subclass is indented under subclass 556. Subject matter wherein there is more than one member and the indicator may be responsive to more than one member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
548 for plural gauges involving plural contact probes.
552 for a supported article gauged for profile by plural probes.
560 for plural contact probes with or without a transducer responsive to a probe.

Electrical switch or transducer responsive to probe or probe is part of electrical circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 556. Subject matter wherein (a) an electric switch or an electrical transducer is responsive to the probe or (b) the contact member is part of the electrical circuit and the indicator is responsive to the switch transducer or the contact member.

Pivoted probes (e.g., divider, caliper, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein there is more than one contact member and they are movable about a point.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
27.02 for a compass.
797 for a pivoted type implement with measuring means.

Proportional:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter having two pairs of contact members so interconnected that a movement of one pair produces a proportional movement of the other.
(1) Note. These implements are used in laying out distances proportional to other distances.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
663 for proportional line segmenter.

Point parallelizing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter having means for maintaining the extremities at the contacting members in parallel relation at all points of adjustment.

Having adjustable legs:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter including means to move or hold legs of the gauge in a desired position.

By screw means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.04. Subject matter wherein the legs are moved by a rotatable threaded member.

Tangent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.05. Subject matter wherein the screw is arranged to tangentially engage with an arc structure having a joint as its center.

Median:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.05. Subject matter wherein the screw adjustment means is arranged in a median line with relation to the legs.

Quick adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.05. Subject matter including means to initially position the legs.

Having opposed threads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.05. Subject matter including a threaded member having left and right helices so that rotation of said member causes relative movement in opposite direction between the legs.

Rotatable nut:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.05. Subject matter wherein an internally threaded member is rotated to cause the legs to move.

Plural legs or contact probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter wherein there are more than one leg or contact member.

Removable probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter wherein at least one contact member can be removed from an element holding it.

Pivoted probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter wherein the contact member is movable about a point with respect to an element holding it.

Median handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 558.01. Subject matter including a handle arranged to project from the pivot in a line median to the legs and extended through the pivot.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
558.07 for a median handle where the handle is part of the screw adjustment means.

Movable contact probe, per se:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes only the contact member with or without a transducer responsive to the contact member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
549 for supported article gauged by movable contact probe.
556 for an indicator responsive to a movable contact probe.

Plural probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter wherein there is more than one probe.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
552 for a supported article gauged for its profile by plural contact members.
557 for plural movable contact probes with at least one indicator responsive to a probe.

With electrical switch or transducer responsive to probe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 559. Subject matter wherein there is an (a) electric switch or (b) electric transducer responsive to the contact member or the contact member forms part of an electric closure device.
(1) Note. The term "electric" includes a magnetic, piezoelectric or electrostatic transducer.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
558 for an indicator responsive to a probe actuated electrical switch or electrical transducer, or probe part of an electrical circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 61.62 for a special application circuit maker responsive to a feeler moving into contact with an object.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 754 for an electrical probe.

Conformator or adjustable curve template:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is so constructed that when pressed against an object it will conform to the same and when removed it will retain a shape corresponding to the shape of the object or the contact member can be formed to a desired shape.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
514.2 for a conformator used on human.
562 for fixed type template.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
223, Apparel Apparatus, 12 and 24+ for combined conformator and stretcher.

Flexible type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 561.1. Subject matter wherein the contact member is able to bend or change shape without breaking.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
555.4 for a flexible band used for determining the size of an object.
562 for a template.

Including plural adjustment means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 561.2. Subject matter having means for moving different areas of the flexible contact member to a desired shape.

Template:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member is a pattern used to (a) gauge an article, (b) guide a tool (c) form symbols used in writing, (d) form lines or (e) figures used in layout work or drafting.
(1) Note. A "template" is a guide or a pattern for manufacturing, layout, or repair of articles, a pattern for gauging, or a guide for making alphabetical, numerical or other type symbols or representations of three dimensional objects as two dimensional objects on plans.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
144, Woodworking, subclass 372 for a process of mechanical routing or grooving by using a template or pattern and subclass 144.51 for a templet used in shaping of woodwork.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass
115 for an axially moving tool with a work clamp with an adjustable tool guiding jig and subclass 241 for a drill guide.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing, subclass 130 for a template to be used with a milling cutter.

Single sheet type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 562. Subject matter wherein the pattern is a solitary member having two parallel side surfaces having the sides separated by a minimal thickness.

Alphabetical or numerical symbol type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter wherein the member has a partial or complete outline for a character which is representation of an alphabetical or arithmetical character.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
434, Education and Demonstration, subclass 159 for alphabet letter formation and subclasses 163+ for writing or printing by hand by tracing with or without the use of a slotted path.

Geometrical figure, three dimensional to two dimensional figure or curve:
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter wherein the pattern is a plane geometrical figure or a representation of a three dimensional object in two dimensional form or a curve not provided for elsewhere.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 for a curve ruler type gauge.

Line or guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter wherein the pattern includes an outline of various types of lines or a guide for a margin or a border.
(1) Note. The lines include solid, dotted, center-lines, break lines and hatch lines.

Surface plate or gauge block:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes (a) a precision surface to support an article for gauging or layout purposes or (b) a precision gauge having surfaces parallel or at an angle to each other wherein the distance between or the angle between the surfaces is accurately known.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for a table layout.
534 for angle measurement.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, 346.01 for supporting bases.
269, Work Holders, subclass 8 for a magnetic work holder and subclass 289 for a work underlying support.
451, Abrading, subclass 46 for a process of gauge grinding.

Adjustable gauge block:
This subclass is indented under subclass 567. Subject matter wherein the gauge block is made of several parts and has means to move or hold the parts in a desired position.

Work support adjustment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the contact member supports a workpiece and includes means to vary the position of the member in precise manner.
(1) Note. Linear or angular adjustments are in this group of
subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
537 for an adjustable angular work support of the sine, cosine or tangent bar type.
549 for a gauge with an article support.
573 for a work support, per se.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
108, Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, 1 for a tiltable surface, subclasses 20+ for a power driven surface, subclasses 137+ for a horizontally adjustable surface and subclasses 144.11+ for a vertically adjustable surface.
248, Supports, 127 for a stand and subclasses 200+ for a bracket.
269, Work Holders, 55 for a holder mounted for movement, particularly subclasses 63+ for a holder with indexing steps.

Rotary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568. Subject matter wherein the contact member has a center of rotation and the means to vary the position of the member has structure to change the angular position of the member.
(1) Note. Indexing and dividing heads are here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for an angle measurement.
534 for an angle gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 35.5 for plural diverse manufacturing apparatus with turret mechanism including a tool turret.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 813 for a rotary member or shaft indexing.
269, Work Holders, 58 for a movable holder including means to shift the holder position and subclasses 63+ for a movable work holder with indexing steps.
279, Chucks or Sockets, subclass 5 for angularly adjustable or indexing chucks or sockets.
451, Abrading, 364 for a work holder for use in abrading.

Pin and slot type:
This subclass is indented under subclass 569. Subject matter wherein the structure to change the angular position of the member includes slots or holes about a center of rotation and a peg inserted into a selected slot or hole.

With scale:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a graduated indicator.

Probe support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a support, per se, for a contact member not provided for elsewhere.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
537 for a movably supported sine, cosine or tangent bar.
549 for a movably supported contact member gauge with or without an indicator responsive to the member and an article support with the gauge.
556 for movably supported contact member with or without an indicator responsive to the member.
562 for a template and its support.
568 for a movably supported contact member work support to accurately position the member angularly or linearly.

Work support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter which includes a work support, per se, for supporting an article when gauged by a contact member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
515 for a gauge having a support for a human being.
537 for a sine, cosine or tangent bar with an article support.
549 for a gauge having a support for an article gauged by a contact member.
568 for an article support which can change, in a precise way, the linear or rotary position of a point on the support.

POINT MARKER GUIDE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which comprises means to direct the path of a point marker towards a predetermined point.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 366 for a pointed perforating or indenting implement which may be used as a point marker.
234, Selective Cutting (e.g., Punching), appropriate subclasses, for selective punching devices which may be used as point markers.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, subclass 72 for an axially moving cutter with work engaging structure including a bushing guide for the cutter and subclasses 241 for a drill guide including a drill bushing.

Button or buttonhole marker guide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Subject matter wherein the means to direct the path of a point marker guides the marker to mark the location of a button or a slit in some material to accommodate a button.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
662 for a button or button location or size gauge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
24, Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., 572 for a button and subclasses 659+ for a button hole.

With workpiece support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter which includes a structure to hold an article against the force of gravity so that the means to direct the point marker can guide the marker to mark the article.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, for supports of general utility, especially 127 for stand-type supports.

With support for workpiece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Subject matter which includes a structure to hold an article against the force of gravity so that the means to direct the point marker can guide the marker to mark the article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
576 for a support to hold a workpiece with a button or button hole marker or guide.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
248, Supports, for supports of general utility, especially 127 for stand-type supports.

For plural markers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Subject matter which includes means to direct the paths of a plurality of markers.

For marker movement in direction of marker axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 574. Subject matter wherein a point marker has an axis and the means to direct the path of the marker allows movement in the direction of the marker axis.

Automotive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a self-powered road vehicle or a vehicle part.

Mechanical engine timing by piston contact in engine cylinder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a piston within an engine cylinder of an internal combustion engine to note the piston position axially in the cylinder.
(1) Note. This subclass includes gauges for timing the exhaust or intake valve with respect to the piston position in the cylinder.
(2) Note. This subclass includes gauges for timing ignition by checking the position of the piston in a cylinder.

Distributor point setting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts (a) a distributor cam and the movable electrical contact of the distributor associated with the cam, (2) the fixed and the movable electrical contacts of a distributor to set the contact separation or (c) dual ignition contacts, to set the angular separation of the contacts.

Connecting rod:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts (a) an internal combustion engine
connecting rod or (b) a connecting rod pin in the bore of the rod to test some geometrical relationship with respect to the rod or rod pin.
(1) Note. Gauges of this subclass type may test for the straightness of the connecting rod, the parallelism of the crankshaft bore and the piston pin bore, or the offset portions of the connecting rod.

With piston:
This subclass is indented under subclass 603. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts the piston attached to the connecting rod.

Piston, piston ring, or crankshaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts (a) a piston or a piston bushing in a piston pin opening, (b) a piston ring or (c) a main shaft of an internal combustion engine, to gauge some characteristic of the part contacted.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
604 for gauges for pistons with connecting rods.

Power train:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a part which controls or transmits mechanical motion from the engine to the wheels of a vehicle.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this subclass, the term "power train" encompasses clutches, manual or automatic transmissions, drive shafts and differentials.
(2) Note. The gauges of this subclass type generally contact a second power train part associated with the first part to check some relationship between the two parts.

Fuel pump, injection nozzle or valve, or carburator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts at least a part of a (a) fuel pump, (b) injection nozzle, (c) nozzle seat or (d) carburetor.
(1) Note. Gauges of this subclass type generally contact a second fuel system part associated with the first part to check or determine a geometrical measurement.

Frame alignment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a vehicle frame to set known distances or to check known distances to points on the vehicle from points external to the vehicle or from other points on the vehicle.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes the contact member with or without scales or other parts of complete alignment gauges.

Brake:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a vehicle brake element.
(1) Note. Gauges of this subclass type generally contact another part of the vehicle to check or determine a geometrical measurement.

Drum or shoe:
This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter wherein the element is a wheel brake drum or a brake shoe.

Engine valve, valve stem, or tappet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter
wherein the gauge contacts an intake or exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine, or a part of the valve actuating mechanism, to determine some geometrical distance with respect to the part being contacted or to some other part of the engine.
(1) Note. This subclass includes gauges for (a) measuring the length of an intake or exhaust valve, (b) the distance between the intake or exhaust valve stem end and the motor block or (c) the length of a valve stem by gaging the distance between a valve seat on a motor block and a valve tappet.

Torsion bar:
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a torsion bar of a vehicle to check the height of the suspension on each side of the vehicle.

Collocating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 501. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a first part and a second part to (a) verity the alignment or proper mutual arrangement of the two parts, or to (b) check or (c) set the distance or spacing between the two parts. Note. The two parts may be two different objects. Under "SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS", cancel the 144+ note.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 for devices designed both for positioning track rails with relation to each other and for testing the distances between those already in use.
179.5 for gauges used to determine the proper relationship of axes of spur gears to produce proper meshing.
666 for gauges used in marking points regardless of whether objects are to be located at the marked points.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 700 for a gauge combined with means for assembling.

Printing member registration:
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a printing element and (a) a support for the printing element, (b) a second printing element or (c) a sheet to be printed by the printing element.
(1) Note. The term "printing element" includes (a) a photos:graphic negative or positive, (b) printing type, or (c) a printing plate.

Photos:graphic member or holder with respect to surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Subject matter which includes (a) a support and (b) a photos:graphic element or element holder, and (c) positioning means including a contact member to position the photos:graphic element or element holder with respect to the support.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes a positive or negative exposed, developed and fixed film, plate or sheet material positioning device.

Transparent registration sheet to align printing on member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Subject matter wherein the gauge is a see-through sheet having printing thereon for superpositioning on a printing member whereby the alignment of printing on the member may be compared with the printing on the sheet.
(1) Note. For purposes of classification in this subclass, "translucent" is considered to be included within the meaning of the term "transparent".

Printing type or plate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts (a) a printing element having a raised symbol which may be grouped with other similar elements to from the printing to be printed, or (b) a composited element having plural symbols forming the printing
to be printed.

Curved printing member with respect to its support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter wherein the printing element is nonlinear and a cylinder supports the element and the gauge contacts both the element and the cylinder to align the printing element with respect to the cylinder support.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes collocating attachments to the support cylinder.
(2) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes alignment markings or the outline the elements with respect to the shape and dimension of the support cylinder.

Page form registration with respect to its support or to another form on same support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter having one or more printing elements, each forming a page of material to be printed, and a support for the elements, wherein the gauge contacts one or more of the elements to (a) check the alignment of the elements with respect to each other, or (b) check the alignment of an element with respect to its support.

Plate registration with respect to second plate or printing sheet:
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter having (a) two supported plates having points on each plate in common, or (b) a supported printing plate and a printed sheet having points in common, wherein the gauge contacts the points in common to check the alignment of the two plates or the plate and printed sheet.

Plate registration with respect to plate support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 617. Subject matter
which includes a flat, sheet-like printing element and its support wherein the contact member contacts the printing element or its support to align or check the alignment of the printing element with respect to its support.

Hand stamp registration with respect to printing location on sheet to be printed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 614. Subject matter comprising a member forming (a) a straight edge or (b) a radius to locate a hand stamp on a surface at each point at which it is desired to sequentially hand print a symbol by stamping the symbol on the surface.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may or may not be claimed in combination with a hand stamp.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
101, Printing, 368 for a printing member, including subclass 405 for a stamp handle and subclass 371 for a mail cancelling stamp.

Sheet registering device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter wherein the gauge is (a) mating member attached to a sheet or (b) attached to a mating member attached to a surface or to another sheet for the purpose of positioning a sheet in a predetermined location on a surface or with respect to an additional sheet.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes either mating member of the registering device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
483 for straight rules.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
269, Work Holders, 53 for a pin type holder.
283, Printed Matter, 36 for indexes printed matter.

Earth contacting or working:
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a tool which touches the earth or performs some type of work on the earth or a support for such a tool.
(1) Note. Earth working of this subclass type includes excavating or scraping the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 for earth-contacting gauges for determining the local profile of the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
172, Earth Working, subclass 430 for earth working apparatus with sighting means.

Trenching tool depth:
This subclass is indented under subclass 624. Subject matter wherein the tool is a ditch digger and having means to gauge the depth of the digging tool in the earth.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
624 for collocating gauges for earth moving equipment used in construction or in agriculture.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
37, Excavating, 350, 353+, and 366+ for ditchers of the screw, endless bucket or plow type.

Tool or surrogate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 613. Subject matter wherein the first part is an instrument which does some type of work, or is a substitute for such an instrument.
(1) Note. In the subject matter of this subclass type, the gauge contact member typically locates a tool with respect to (a) its tool holder, (b) and object to be worked on by the tool, or (c) the object support.

Die:
This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter wherein the instrument shapes material by force imparted to the material.
(1) Note. The force of this subclass type may, for example, be applied to the material by punching or stamping means.

Cutter or shaper:
This subclass is indented under subclass 626. Subject matter wherein the instrument severs material from a workpiece.
(1) Note. Cutter or shaping tools of this subclass type include, for example, saws, grinders, files, drills and punches.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
30, Cutlery, 268 for gauges which form a guide for a knife either by engagement with the material or a work table.

Screw thread:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the cutter or shaper forms the spiral of a screw thread.
(1) Note. The threads of this subclass type include, for example, tapered, straight and ACME-type threads.

Cutter with respect to workpiece end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a cutter or a cutter support and an end of material in order to determine the length of material to be cut off.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type may include, for example, a chain saw with a distance gauge to show the length of material to be cut off.

Shears:
This subclass is indented under subclass 630. Subject matter wherein the cutter is a hand held manipulable cutter having two opposed cutting edges.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
7, Compound Tools, subclass 163 for a gauge or other measuring means in combination with a cutter.
30, Cutlery, subclass 233 for a shears in combination with a gauge.

Axis of rotary cutter with respect to axis of cylindrical workpiece:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a rotary cutter and a cylindrical workpiece or a support for such a workpiece to locate the axis of the cutter with respect to the axis of the workpiece.
(1) Note. The member contacting the workpiece typically contacts it at two points on its surface lying in a plane perpendicular to its axis and is connected to the member contacting the cutter in such a way that the axis of the cutter bisects the arc between the workpiece-contacting points and, by extension, intersects the axis of the workpiece.

Planar blade with respect to its holder or another part:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the instrument is a flat knife and the gauge contacts an adjustable support for the knife or another part of a machine containing the knife and its support.

With respect to its rotary holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 633. Subject matter
wherein the knife support permits movement of the knife about a center.

Plural blade holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 634. Subject matter wherein there is more than one knife supported by the knife support.

Bit with respect to its holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the instrument is a cutter bit and the gauge contacts a machine tool cutter bit holder.

Boring bar holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 636. Subject matter wherein the tool holder is a boring bar for the bit.

Bit with respect to workpiece or workpiece holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the instrument is a machine tool bit and the gauge contacts a workpiece or workpiece support having an axis, the gauge thus serving to assist in positioning the bit on the axis.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes levels claimed in combination with the gauge to assist in determining the axis of the workpiece or workpiece support.

Drill or bit with respect to chuck or spindle holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts a drill or a machine tool bit and a socket or a spindle for the drill or the tool bit or the
holder or support for such socket or spindle.
(1) Note. In this subclass, the cutter or shaper is collocated with respect to its chuck or spindle holder either directly or indirectly by being collocated with respect to the chuck or spindle itself.

Circular cutter with respect to workpiece or workpiece support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the cutting edge of the cutter revolves in a circular path and the gauge contacts the cutter and the workpiece or the workpiece support to locate the cutter with respect to the workpiece or workpiece support.
(1) Note. Typically, but not necessarily, the cutting edges of the cutters of this subclass type are so oriented on the cutter with respect to the cutter's axis of rotation as to generate a cylinder when the cutter is rotated.

With respect to support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 628. Subject matter wherein the gauge contacts the cutter or shaper and the support for the cutter or chapter to locate the cutter or shaper with respect to its support.