U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
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2000 ARCHIVE COPY
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
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Class 318
ELECTRICITY: MOTIVE POWER SYSTEMS
Class Definition:
BASIC SUBJECT MATTER OF THE CLASS:
This is the generic class for system of electrical supply
and/or of control for one or more electric motors where the
electric motor is claimed in combination with such systems of
supply and/or control and the electric motor as claimed
constitutes the ultimate and sole electrical load device
supplied by the system or constitutes the ultimate and sole
electrical device being controlled.
LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
GENERIC OR NORMALLY RECITED ELECTRIC MOTOR.
1. Generic Motor System With Disclosed But Not Claimed
Electric Motor.
Motor systems where the disclosure states that any one of a
plurality of motors may be used in the system, one of which
is an electric motor and another is a non-electric motor, and
there is no claim limiting the system to having a
non-electric motor, are classified in this class (318).
Where the system includes two or more motors, see Electric
Motor Combined With Other Driving Means.
2. Motor Recited By Name Only
The mere inclusion of the electric motor by name only (e.g.,
an "electric motor") as an element of the combination is
sufficient basis for classification in this Class. That is,
no details of structure of the motor or no details of
relationship between the motor and the system of supply
and/or control--other than merely being connected so as to be
supplied and/or controlled by the system--are necessary.
Where, however, the electric motor is not specifically
claimed as such, but is claimed only broadly as "a load
device", an "electric translating device", "a power consuming
device", or any other general load device expression which
does not necessitate that the load device be an electric
motor, classification is not in this class, but in some other
appropriate class which provides for the electric system, per
se. This is true even if the only disclosed load or
controlled device is an electric motor. However, where the
load or controlled device is disclosed as an electric motor
but is claimed in general terms and an operating
characteristic is significantly ascribed to such device which
characteristic (e.g., speed, revolutions, limit-of-travel),
is substantially only associated with electric motor,
classification will be in this class on the assumption that
an electric motor is in fact claimed. Likewise, where
characteristic parts of an electric motor are recited
classification is herein even though the expression "electric
motor" or its equivalent is not literally present in the
claims.
MOTOR AS ULTIMATE LOAD DEVICE (FOLLOW-UP SYSTEMS)
The fact that the electric motor is the ultimate load device
of the system or that it is the ultimate device being
controlled may not always be apparent from the language of
the claims. For example, an arrangement wherein means
responsive to a condition (such as motor speed) of the motor
is provided to actuate motor control or supply means to
control the motor is a motor system.
Applying this to a "follow-up" type of motor control wherein
a motor is started, stopped and reversed in response to a
condition of unbalance of an electrical network and wherein
the operation of the motor also rebalances the network, the
arrangement is a motor system since the network and its
rebalance constitutes the control for the motor.
However, if the above motor drives a specific load device
provided for in another class then the patent is excluded
from this class. For example, if the above motor drives an
indicator for indicating the voltage of a system to which the
network is connected, the overall arrangement is a voltage
measuring system classified in Class 324. Similarly if the
above motor drives a rheostat which regulates the voltage of
a generator, the combination is a generation system
classified in Class 322.
LOAD DEVICE DRIVEN BY THE MOTOR (INCLUDING POWER, MOTION,
FORCE, OR TORQUE TRANSMITTING DEVICES)
1. This class provides for systems of electric supply and/or
control for electric motors in combination with load devices
driven by the motor when such combination is not provided for
in other classes. The definition of, and/or the patents in,
the several art classes which provide for the combination of
particular load devices and the motive power means therefor
will determine the lines that exist between the several
classes and this class. Consequently, the lines as thus
determined may be different for different classes.
2. Motor Driven Device Not Significantly Claimed.
In general, however, this class provides for electric systems
of supply and/or control for electric motors in combination
with the load device driven thereby where the load device is
claimed so broadly that it has no particular significance in
the system as claimed other than a mere load device. Thus
the combination of an electric motor system and a load device
driven by the motor wherein the load device is recited in
general terms only (such as, for example, "a load device", a
"Variable load", a "highly fluctuating load", "means actuated
by the motor", a "Gradually increasing load", etc.) or in
specific terms, but by name only (such for example, as a
"vehicle", an "airplane", a "rolling mill", "grinding rolls",
"gearing". etc.) and wherein no details of the structure of
the specific load device or no details of relationship
between the motor system and the specific load device, other
than that merely necessary broadly to locate the motor or to
constitute a support for the motor or to merely connect the
motor to the load device, are set forth, is classified in
this class.
3. Motor Driven Device Significantly Claimed
This class, also provides for the combination of an electric
motor system in combination with specific load devices
wherein details of structure of the specific load device or
details of relationship between the motor system and the
specific load device are set forth only when no provision is
made for such combination in any other class.
4. Plural Motor Driven Devices
Where two or more motor driven load devices are claimed,
classification will be in some other class. For example
only, in electric welding apparatus, the combination of
electric motor actuating welding electrodes and a fan
directed to cause air to circulate around the electrodes,
which fan is actuated by another electric motor,
classification is in the art which provides for such
combinations; namely, Class 219. If no other class provides
for the combination of the specific plural motor driven load
devices, classification will be in an appropriate subclass in
Class 318 depending on whether or not one or more of the load
devices are significantly claimed. See Classification of
Motor Driven Load Devices in this class, below. However,
note that subclass 39 of Class 318 provides for work and feed
or indexing combinations, that is, motor systems having two
motors, one motor driving the work and tool with respect to
each other, and the other motor driving the means for
positioning or feeding the tool with respect to the work.
5. Classification Of Motor Driven Load Devices In This Class
The combination of a motor system and a load device driven
thereby where the load device is claimed broadly (by name
only) is classified in this class on the basis of the motor
system and not on the basis of the combination of the motor
system and the load device.
The combination of a motor system and a specific load device
which is classified in this class (see Motor Driven Device
Significantly Claimed above), is classified in this class on
the basis of the combination in subclasses 3+. See the
reference to Motor Driven Power, Force or Torque Transmitting
Devices below.
6. Motor Systems And Power, Motion, Force Or Torque
Transmitting Devices Driven Thereby.
The applications of Load Device Driven by the Motor above,
with respect to a motor system where the motor drives a
clutch or gearing is as follows:
(a) Clutches. An electric motor system where the motor
drives or actuates a clutch is not classified in this class
(318) when (a) details of structure of the clutch, (b)
details of relationship between the motor (or the electrical
system therefor) and the clutch (or its control means) other
than a mere driving or connecting relationship, or (c)
operating or control means for the clutch are set forth.
Where, however, the clutch is so broadly claimed (such as by
name only) as to merely constitute a load device actuated by
the electric motor, classification is in this class. The
motor driven clutches excluded from this class (318) are
differently classified. Electric or magnetic clutches of the
type in which the transmission of force is solely through the
agency or medium of a magnetic field of force are classified
in Class 310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,
subclass 92; fluid clutches or fluid drives in which the
transmission of force is solely through the agency of a fluid
are classifiable in Class 60, subclasses 52+; and mechanical
clutches for the main part are classified in Class 192.
(b) The combination of an electric motor system of the type
classifiable, per se, in this class (318) with gearing of the
type classifiable, per se, in Class 74 (Machine Element or
Mechanism) is as follows: Where a gearing arrangement is set
forth with or without an electric motor drive means therefor
and with control means for the gearing other than the drive
means, classification is in Class 74, even though the control
means includes an electric motor actuator. Where a
significant electric motor system is set forth as the driving
means for significant gearing, classification is in this
class (318), subclasses 3+, provided no means for controlling
the operation of the gearing is claimed. Where a significant
electric motor system is set forth as driving means for
gearing recited by name only, the gearing is considered to be
"load" and classification is in this class (318), the
subclass depending on the significant electric motor control
or supply set forth.
(c) The combination of an electric motor system of the type
classifiable, per se, in this class (318) with a positive
stop mechanism of the type classifiable, per se, in Class 192
(Clutches and Power-Stop Control) is as follows: Where an
electric motor driven device is combined with a mechanical
stop mechanism, and the mechanism stops the drive
independently of any motor control or deenergization, even
though the stopping of the drive incidentally causes control
or deenergization of the motor, classification is in Class
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control. Where the stopping
operation requires control of the motor as well as operation
of the stop mechanism classification is in this class (318).
(d) Class 477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls,
Including Engine Control, was formed in 1993 from patents in
Classes 74 and 192 relating to interrelated controls between
an engine and a transmission, brake, or clutch. Therefore
the line between Class 318 and Class 477 is the same as
exists between Class 318 and Classes 74 and 192 as set forth
in Motor Systems and Power above.
7. Electric Motor Control And/Or Supply System As A Control
Means In A More Comprehensive System
Where an electric motor drives or actuates specific means for
controlling a specific device, classification will, in
general, be in the art relating to the specific controlled
device or in the art relating to the specific controlling
means. For example, an electric motor control system
automatically responsive to the speed of an internal
combustion engine combined with means actuated by the
electric motor for moving the throttle of the internal
combustion engine to maintain the speed of the engine
constant would not be classifiable in this Class (318), but
would be classifiable in the art relating to throttle control
of internal combustion engines.
Where, however, the same motor control system is claimed, per
se, (i.e., without being limited to actuating the throttle)
classification would be in this class. And this is true even
if the motor were controlled in response to the speed of the
internal combustion engine, if the motor is not limited to
controlling the engine.
8. One Electric Motor Control System Connected To Operate The
Controls Or The Supply For Another Electric Motor.
Where one electric motor is disclosed for the purpose of
operating some useful load device and has means for
controlling the motor, the controlling means including a
second electric motor system whose sole purpose is to control
the load motor, classification of such combination is in this
class (318) on the basis of the control of the (single) load
motor and not on the basis of plural motors.
ELECTRIC MOTOR SYSTEMS COMBINED WITH OTHER ELECTRICAL
SYSTEMS
1. Combined With Adjunctive Or Ancillary Systems.
The combination of an electrical system of supply and/or
control for an electric motor of the type classifiable, per
se, in this Class with electrical systems for producing some
useful effect or result other than supplying and/or
controlling the electric motor, which latter systems are
subordinate to and operate in conjunction with the motor, the
devices driven thereby, and/or the system of supply and/or
control for the motor, to perform some effect or result
thereupon or to indicate, test, measure, record, calibrate,
etc. conditions in (or of) the motor, the devices actuated
thereby and/or the system of supply and/or control for the
motor, is classified in this class (318).
For example: A system of current, voltage and power-factor
measurements connected to measure electrical conditions in
various parts of an operative electric motor speed control
system is classified in this class (318).
For example: A system for periodically recalibrating a bridge
network to cause it to be maintained at some standard
operating condition in combination with that bridge network
connected to an electric motor so as to control the electric
motor, is classified in this class (318).
2. Combined With Coordinate Electrical Systems
The combination of an electrical system of supply and/or
control of the type classifiable, per se, in this Class with
one or more other electrical systems the function of which
other system is to produce or effect a result which is
distinct from the motor control or supply system but which
may, however, be related to the operation of the motor system
so as to cooperate therewith or which may have some portion
thereof constituting a portion in common with both systems,
is classified in some other appropriate class. See References
to Other Classes referencing this section.
For example: A system of supply and control for an electric
motor in combination with a communication system for sending
signals and messages not restricted to the control and
operation of the electric transmission circuit, would not be
classifiable in this class (318).
ELECTRIC MOTOR COMBINED WITH OTHER DRIVING MEANS
This class provides for the combination of one or more
electric motors operating as driving means with one or more
driving means which are not electric motors only when such
combination is not elsewhere provide for.
In general, however, plural driving means when all or one
more thereof are other than electric motors, are provided for
elsewhere.
However, typical of the art not provided for elsewhere and
which is included herein, are the combinations of one or more
electric motor (operating as driving means) with
axle-operated driving means or manually-operated driving
means.
ELECTRIC MOTORS NOT USED TO CONVERT ELECTRICAL ENERGY TO
MECHANICAL ENERGY
Electric machines although designated as "electric motors"
but which are so connected and used to function as means not
for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy but
for some other purpose, are not classified herein. Electric
motors to be classifiable herein must be connected or
controlled so as to function as electric motors.
ELECTRIC MOTOR STRUCTURE
The structure of electric motors (as distinguished from the
systems of supply and control) is excluded from this class.
See References to Other Classes, below,
SYSTEMS GENERIC TO MOTORS OR GENERATORS
Where the system includes a dynamo-electric machine, and the
machine is disclosed but not claimed as either an electric
motor or an electric generator, the patent is excluded from
this class. See References to Other Classes, below, for the
appropriate class.
MOTOR SYSTEMS OTHER THAN ELECTRIC MOTOR SYSTEMS
See References to Other Classes, below, for a reference to a
compilation of all types of motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 include the motor systems where automatically controlled
means control the starting and/or stopping.
543 include the motor systems where the system includes a
three or more position motor controller to control the
starting and/or stopping.
REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
4, Baths, Closets, Sinks, and Spittoons, subclass 213 for
ventilating devices for railway-car closets where an air pump
is operated by an electric motor.
30, Cutlery, appropriate subclasses for electric motor driven
cutlery tools.
38, Textiles: Ironing or Smoothing, subclass 38 for platen
presser smoothing, (ironing) machines having two press
platens with a pivotedally electric motor operated movable
head or bed.
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting, 470 for electric
motor operated changeable exhibitors.
57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining, subclass 100
for electrically driven textile apparatus for spinning,
twisting or twining.
60, Power Plants, subclass 6 for the combination of plural
diverse motors (including electric motors combined with
nonelectric motors), and subclass 97 for plural nonelectric
motors. See Clutches in this definition.
60, Power Plants - notably 698. For examples, plural,
diverse types of motors which are nonelectric motors. See
"Electric Motor Combined With Other Driving Means" in Lines
With Other Classes, above.
60, Power Plants, in the class definition for a compilation
of all types of motors. See "Motor Systems Other Than
Electric Motor Systems" above.
70, Locks, subclass 271 for predetermined elapsed time
interval controlled electric locks operated by an electric
motor, 277 for electric motor operated lock operating
mechanism, 434 for electric motor operated recorders for
recording the condition of a lock operating mechanism.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, see Motor Systems and
Power, Motion, Force or Torque Transmitting Devices Driven
Thereby in the class definition.
84, Music, subclass 3, 9, 11, 19, 107, 113, 405, and 407 for
electric motor operated musical devices, subclass 123 for
electric motor operated note selector sheet winding and
rewinding mechanisms.
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 35 and 49+ for electric
motor driven locomotives.
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclass 3 for
electromagnetic guns and projectors for projecting missiles
through the air.
132, Toilet, subclass 75.8 for electric motor driven
manicuring.
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,
subclass 310 for electric motor operated roll type flexible
panel or fabric (roller blinds or shades) devices, and
subclass 331 for motor operated arrangements having drape
type flexible panel or fabric type devices.
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 220 for electric powered two
wheel vehicles; subclass 65 for miscellaneous electric
powered vehicles, subclass 443 for electric powered steering
for vehicles.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, is the
generic class of motors.
187, Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for
Vehicle, 247 for computer control of an elevator, subclasses
277+ for an electric control for the power source of the
drive means of an elevator, and subclass 280 for a door
actuated electric control for the power source of the drive
means of an elevator.
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous braking
systems and devices see subclass 157 and 158+ for electric
motor operated brakes. The general line between electric
motor braking in Class 318 and the braking art in Class 188
and 303 is as follows. The nominal combination of an
"electric motor" and a particular brake or braking system for
braking the electric motor, in which combination no details
of structure of the electric motor or no electric motor
circuit relationships are set forth in the claim, is
classified in Classes 188 and 303. Where any particulars of
structure characteristic of an electric motor or any electric
motor circuits relationships are set forth, classification is
in Class 318. However, see "Note 1" appended to the search
reference to Class 192, immediately following, for further
information regarding the line between Class 318 and other
classes for "motor control and brake" combinations. Whenever
the braking means are connected or arranged or operated to
brake a device actuated by the motor and thus only indirectly
brake the motor, classification is in Class 318 provided that
the motor is always braked whenever the brake is made
effective and provided also that the load device to which the
motor is connected does not determine classification
elsewhere. However, if the braking means as claimed are
effective at any time to brake the load device without
simultaneously braking the motor or if the braking means is
effective at any time to brake any device not actuated by the
motor, classification is not in Class 318.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass .02 for
electric motor control and clutch; subclasses 1.1+ for
electric motor control and brake. See "Motor Systems and
Power, Motion, Force, or Torque Transmitting Devices" in
Lines With Other Classes, above, for the line between Classes
192 and 318 with respect to motor control and clutch control.
The line between Class 192, subclasses 1.1+, motor control
and brake control, and Class 318 is as follows: Where there
is any control of the electric motor combined with additional
means for braking the motor wherein the motor is always
braked whenever the braking means is rendered effective,
classification is in Class 318. Where the braking means is
applied to some device not actuated or driven by the electric
motor, or where the braking means is applied to a device
which is actuated or driven by the electric motor, but
wherein means are provided for discontinuing the driving
relationship between the motor and its driven device so that
braking can be applied to the driven device without
simultaneously braking the motor, classification is in Class
192.
198, Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses, for
electric motor driven conveyors.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 80
for electric motor driven centrifugal switches.
212, Traversing Hoists, subclass 226 for electric motor
driven overhead cranes, subclasses 331+ for electric motor
operated self propelled hoists.
219, Electric Heating, appropriate subclasses for electric
motor actuated and controlled electric heating systems, see
subclass 4 for electric welding apparatus having electric
motors for moving the welding electrodes.
222, Dispensing, 52 for electric motor controlled dispensing
apparatus.
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, for
temperature and humidity regulating systems which include an
electric motor, particularly subclass 74 for electric motor
actuated systems.
244, Aeronautics, 175 is the generic subclass for systems
and apparatus for automatically controlling the steering of a
mobile device in two or three dimensions by electrical means.
See the Search Notes to subclasses 175+ for the other
classes which provide for systems and apparatus for the
control of the steering or motion of mobile craft by means of
electric motors and for a statement as to the line between
the classes. Also see Load Device Driven By The Motor in
the class definition of Class 318.
246, Railway Switches and Signals, subclass 221 for electric
motor actuated signal systems.
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 129.01 for
electric motor actuated valves.
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, 9 for prime mover dynamo
plants involving electric traction motors; subclasses 10+,
22+, 30, 31+, 36+, 38, 46, 47, and 48 for electric motor
starters for prime mover dynamo plants.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System, for
fluid-pressure brake systems, per se, of general application.
The line between Class 303 and Class 318 parallels the line
between Class 188 and Class 318, and is stated in the remarks
under the search reference to Class 188, above.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 11
for plural load circuit systems, and see Combined With
Coordinate Electrical Systems in Lines With OTher Classes,
above.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for structure of electrical motors, and see
Clutches and Electrical Motor Structure in Lines With Other
Classes, above.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for the structure of electric motors (as
distinguished from the systems of supply and control). See
"Electric Motor Structure" above.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, subclass 62 for control systems for controlling
the operation of a consumable electrode type discharge device
(arc lamp) where the system is controlled in response to the
speed of an electric motor, subclasses 68+ and the subclasses
specified in the Notes to the definition of those subclasses
for electric motor driven feeding mechanism for feeding an
electrode in a consumable electrode type discharge device
(arc lamp), see indented subclasses 69+ where the motor is a
rotary electric motor, and subclasses 105+ and 113+
consumable electrode discharge devices having electromagnetic
motor means for separating the electrodes from each other.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses for a generator source
for a battery or capacitor charging or discharging system.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, electric motor
systems are found throughout the class both as driving means
for the generator and as a control therefor. Although the
following subclasses have many motor systems, the list is
neither complete nor exhaustive. See subclass 16 for
electric motor driven generator systems having simultaneous
control of motor and generator; subclass 39 for electric
motor driven generator systems having electric motor control;
subclasses 70, 71, 80, and 84 for generator control systems
employing electric motor systems therein. See Systems
Generic to Motors or Generators in the class definition of
Class 322.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, where the system
includes a dynamo-electric machine, and the machine is
disclosed but not claimed as either an electric motor or an
electric generator, the patent is included in this class if
the claimed system is otherwise within the definition of
Class 322, and provided that no structure or circuit is
claimed that limits the system to being a motor system (in
case the machine is disclosed as being a motor). Where the
machine is claimed as being either a motor or generator, the
patent is classified in Class 322. See "Systems Generic To
Motors Or Generators" above.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for dynamoelectric systems; and
subclasses 220-354 for regulators which may include motors.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclass for electrical measuring systems which include
electric motor systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 2 for electromagnetically
actuated switches, especially subclasses 68+ for motor
operated switches, subclasses 209+ for magnets and
electromagnets with or without armatures.
337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated
Switches, 15 for thermal current thermostatically operated
switches.
340, Communications: Electrical, for electric signaling
systems which include electric motor systems, particularly
subclass 870.43 for telemetric systems which include
electric motor systems, such as, for example, follow-up
systems.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and
Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 61 and 73+ for
control where reflected or otherwise returned radio wave
energy (e.g., radar) is utilized. See the search notes in
the class definition of Class 342 for the other subclasses
and classes which provide for radiant energy systems for
controlling devices and apparatus.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 139 for
relay and electromagnet circuits.
362, Illumination, subclass 272 for projectors having
electromagnetic motor operated tiltable or rotatable
reflector and bulb unit and subclass 286 for projectors
having electromagnetic motor operated adjustable light
source.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, appropriate
subclasses for systems for rectification, derectification,
phase conversion, frequency conversion, or combinations
thereof. See 102 for dynamoelectric current converter
systems; subclass 150 for dynamoelectric phase converter
systems; and subclasses 174+ for dynamoelectric frequency
converter systems.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 130
for generic data processing control systems. This subclass
will accept the following claimed subject matter: (1)
Electric control systems where the end load or device is not
an electric motor. (2) Control systems which may include a
positional servo system but the ultimated claimed load is not
a positional servo control. (3) Control systems where a
positional servo means is not the sole load. (4) Control
systems where a specific stored programmable digital computer
is used in a positional control system. This is generally
indicted by the presence of a flow chart for data processing;
subclass 400 for control systems which are limited by the
claims to a particular process or have a specific utility.
368, Horology, subclass 66, 76, 218, and 321 for electric
motor driven clocks and the electric systems therefore, and
subclasses 250 and 250-254 for electrically operated alarms
for clocks.
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 132 for an
electric motor (piezoelectric or electromagnetic) driven
recording stylus and driving circuitry.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 354 for synchronizing
systems for digital communication in general.
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
control systems where the ultimate load is a robot arm or arm
segment.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), for electric
motor driven impellers (propellers).
417, Pumps, 410.1 for electric motor driven pumps and
subclass 416 for pumps driven by a reciprocating electric
motor.
440, Marine Propulsion, for significant boat and ship
structure combined with electric motor propulsion means.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys, 144, 483, 484+ for toy
electrically driven machinery.
483, Tool Changing, generally for a process or apparatus
including a tool transfer means combined with a tool support
or storage means.
505, Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material,
Process, 150 for high temperature (T[subscrpt]c[end
subscrpt] > 30 K) superconducting devices, and particularly
subclasses 166+ for motors or generators.
601, Surgery: Kinesitherapy, 70, 87+, 93+, and 101+ for
electric motor operated kinesitherapy (message) devices.
901, Robots, subcollection 2+ for robot arm motion
controllers.
GLOSSARY:
ACCELERATION CONTROL
Controlling the change of speed of an electric motor from
zero speed to some running speed value and vice versa, or
from one running speed value to another running speed value.
Mere starting of the motor is not considered to be
acceleration control unless the acceleration of the motor is
controlled after the starting operation. Acceleration
control includes deceleration control. Deceleration control
differs from motor braking in that in deceleration control no
means are utilized for applying an opposing torque or output
force to the driving member of the motor. In deceleration
control, for example, the power input to the motor is varied
to decelerate the motor. See the definition of braking
below. Mere stopping of the motor by opening the supply
circuit is not deceleration control in the absence of any
means to control the rate of stopping, but is mere stopping.
For the distinction between acceleration control and running
speed control, see the definition of Running Speed Control.
ALTERNATING-CURRENT COMMUTATING MOTOR
A motor having a commutator electrically connected to a
winding of the motor, the motor being designed to operate on
alternating current. Such motors are sometimes referred to
as "series A-C motors", "universal motors". See the
definition of Repulsion motor above, and the definition of
self-commutated impulse or reluctance motors below.
AUTOMATIC STARTING AND STOPPING
Starting, stopping, or the combination of these two
operations is treated in this class as a single motor
operation. Automatic starting and stopping (i.e., starting
or stopping which is initiated in response to a condition) is
classified for the most part in subclass 445 or in the
subclasses specified in the notes to the definition of those
subclasses. If the stopping control involves motor braking,
then the patent is classified in the braking control
subclasses. If the stopping control involves motor
deceleration control, but not motor braking, then the patent
is classified in the motor acceleration control subclasses.
If the starting control involves motor acceleration control,
then the patent is classified in the motor acceleration
subclasses. See diverse motor operations for the
classification where the system has means for automatic
starting or stopping of the motor and also means for
performing another control operation. Where the motor is
stopped and then started in the reverse direction of motion,
the patent is classified in the motor reversing control
subclasses. See below, for a definition of Reversing
Control. Where the motor armature or primary current is
controlled during the starting and/or stopping period other
than for acceleration, deceleration, or braking control, see
definition of Motor Load Control.
CIRCUIT MAKING AND/OR BREAKING DEVICE
A device for fully establishing and/or fully interrupting the
electrical conductivity of an electrical path or circuit
between two or more points in an electrical circuit by
relative movement of electrically conductive elements into
and/or out of physical contact with each other.
DIVERSE MOTOR OPERATIONS
For the purpose of classification in the subclasses entitled
"plural, diverse motor operations control" the following
limitations are applied relative to the nature of the several
operations:
(I). Starting, stopping, or the combination of these two
operations is treated as a single motor operation control.
However, since mere starting or stopping is an incident to
many other motor operations (such, for example, as
acceleration, reversing, braking to a stop, etc. in which
actual starting or stopping may take place) such mere
starting and/or stopping will not be considered a motor
operation control which is included in this subclass as
combinable with other motor operations, unless means are
provided for effecting an automatic starting and/or stopping
in response to a predetermined condition. Thus, ordinary
(e.g., manual) starting or stopping combined with
running-speed control is not included in the plural diverse
motor operations control subclasses, whereas automatic
starting and stopping in response to thermal changes combined
with means for causing the motor to run in either direction
(reversing) is included as plural diverse motor operations
control. For example; automatic opening of motor circuit at
limit of travel plus simultaneously shorting the armature for
dynamic braking is classified as combined braking and
automatic starting and/or stopping. Likewise, automatically
opening the circuit of the motor while running at an
appreciable speed coupled with a braking operation
simultaneously with or shortly thereafter is considered a
plural operational control. The following motor operations
controls are included in the plural diverse motor operations
control subclasses: (a) Reversing control; (b) Acceleration
control; (c) Running-speed control; (d) Braking control; (e)
Motor load control, and (f) Automatic starting and/or
stopping. For definitions of the various individual controls
listed above see the other sections under Definitions of
Motor Operation Control of this class which pertain to the
several individual motor controls. The following are not
included herein as combinable motor controls: (a) Phase or
Power Factor Control; (b) Temperature control of the motor,
including heating or cooling thereof; (c) Signalling,
testing, indicating or measuring of conditions in or about
the motor; (d) Ordinary or mere starting and/or stopping of
the motor; (e) Phase splitting or phase conversion to adapt a
motor for operation from a source of electrical supply having
a different number of phases than that for which the motor is
wound; and (f) Means for lubricating the motor.
ELECTRIC MOTOR:
A machine which transforms electric energy into mechanical
energy.
IMPEDANCE OR IMPEDANCE DEVICE
A means having inductance, capacity, resistance or any
combination thereof and excluding any source of electric
energy.
HOMOPOLAR OR UNIFORM-FIELD MOTORS
A noncommutating motor having a magnetic field producing
means combined with one or more electric conductors mounted
to move relative to and in proximity to the field producing
means, the field producing means being so constructed or
energized that the magnetic field produced thereby is, at any
instant of time, of the same polarity or direction throughout
its extent with reference to the path of travel of the
movable electric conductor or conductors.
IMPACT, MECHANICAL SHOCK, OR VIBRATION-PRODUCING MOTOR
An electric motor having means for moving one of the motor
parts into impact or percussive contact with one or more
other parts of either the motor structure or a part which is
structurally combined with the motor structure, or a motor
whose prime or essential function is to transmit mechanical
shock or vibrations to a device or mechanism secured to the
motor or upon which the motor may be mounted, (e.g., rotary
motor with the rotor unbalanced to produce vibrations which
are transmitted to its support.
INDUCTION MOTORS
An asynchronous alternating current motor which operates
during running speed conditions as a result of
electromagnetic induction and which has at least two
electrical conductors which are mounted or positioned in
electromagnetic relationship with each other and for movement
relative to each other, and in which alternating current
energy delivered to one of the conductors ("primary" or
"inducing" member) induces in the other of said conductors
("secondary" or "induced" member) an alternating current and
the mechanical energy is obtained as a result of the
electromagnetic inductive action between the magnetic field
generated by the alternating current in the one conductor and
the magnetic field generated by the induced current in the
other conductor. The secondary or induced winding is usually
short circuited or shunted by means of an impedance. An
example of an induction motor is the squirrel cage motor,
that is, a motor where the secondary winding consists of a
plurality of short-circuited bars. See the definition of a
"repulsion motor".
LINEAR MOVEMENT MOTORS
A motor having means for causing the working element to move
in a substantially linear or uni-directional path. The path
may be straight, curved, tortuous, or even closed upon
itself, provided the movable element is not pivoted for
rotation about an axis. The motor may have means for
reversing the direction of movement of the movable element.
Where the reversing means includes means for periodically or
repeatedly reversing the motor at predetermined intervals,
the motor system is considered to be an oscillating or
reciprocating motor system. See the Glossary definition of
Oscillating Or Reciprocating Motor.
MAGNETOSTRICTIVE MOTOR
A motor having a magnetizable member or which has its
dimensions changed as a result of changing currents in the
electromagnetic field producing means which effects the
magnetizable member, the physical distortion or change in
dimensions producing the mechanical energy.
MOTOR BRAKING CONTROL
Includes any device or means for applying a torque or force
to the power output element of the electric motor in a
direction which is in opposition to the motor torque or force
(resulting from electrical energization of, or the kinetic or
potential energy stored in, the motor) and tending to retard,
stop or prevent movement of the motor--excepting, of course,
mere useful load devices actuated by the motor, or such
forces that are normally inherent in the motor structure, per
se, such as bearing friction, windage, eddy current reaction,
etc. However, means providing for substantially increased or
accentuated eddy currents in the motor structure to increase
the retarding or braking effect, are classified herein.
Examples of braking means included herein, include, auxiliary
eddy-current disks, electric generators, fans, pumps,
propellers and other motor shaft loading devices when such
devices are limited in the claims to the function of braking
the motor. When such shaft loading devices are not limited
as claimed to the function of braking, classification is not
herein, but in some other appropriate place. For the
distinction between braking control and deceleration control
see the definition of Acceleration Control in the Glossary.
Braking of the motor to control the running speed of the
motor (e.g., to maintain the speed constant) is classified in
the running speed control subclasses. For the distinction
between motor braking and motor reversing, see reversing
control below.
MOTOR DECELERATION CONTROL
See the definition of motor acceleration control in the
definition of motor deceleration control.
MOTOR LOAD CONTROL
Controlling the mechanical load actuated by the motor or
controlling the motor armature or primary current during the
starting and/or stopping period of the motor. Where the
current is controlled to control the acceleration or
deceleration of the motor, the system is classified as motor
acceleration or deceleration control, see section IB4a of the
class definition. Where the current is controlled to effect
motor braking the system is classified as braking control see
the definition acceleration control.
MOTOR OPERATION CONTROL
See the Glossary terms Acceleration Control; Automatic
Starting and Stopping ; Motor Braking Control, Motor
Deceleration Control; Motor Load Control, Reversing Control,
Running Speed Control; Starting And/Or Stopping; Diverse
Motor Operations.
NONMAGNETIC MOTOR
A motor having means other than a magnetic field producing
means for producing a mechanical force. Example of
nonmagnetic motors are piezo-electric crystals,
thermo-electric motors.
RECIPROCATING OR OSCILLATING MOTOR
A motor which is structurally arranged or constructed so as
to have a limited degree of movement, and which is provided
with means for moving the movable (working element) of the
motor to-and-fro repeatedly over substantially the same path
or arc of movement (including rotations about an axis
co-incident with the geometrical or center-or-gravity axis of
the movable element of the motor). Compare this definition
and the definition of "LINEAR MOVEMENT MOTORS".
SPECIAL TYPES OF MOTORS:
The several designations applied to distinguish the several
types of motors such as series motors, induction motors,
synchronous motors, etc., shall apply to those motors whose
normal running characteristics are so described. Thus a
synchronous motor is one which runs as a synchronous motor
under normal running or load conditions. This is true even
though the motor may be driven by some other device either
(mechanical or electrical) during the starting and/or
accelerating period or may operate on some other motor
principle during the starting or accelerating period. Such
an instance may be illustrated by a synchronous motor which
is provided with means to cause it to start as an induction
motor and subsequently and normally run at synchronous speed.
Such a motor is considered to be a synchronous motor, since
under normal running conditions, it exhibits all the
characteristics of a synchronous motor.
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR
An alternating-current or a pulsating current motor which,
under running-speed conditions, operates at an average speed
which is always exactly proportional to the frequency or
periodicity of the source which supplies electric energy to
the armature or primary circuit of the motor and which speed
is independent of the voltage of the source, the magnitude of
the field excitation, or the load on the motor.
REPULSION MOTOR
An induction motor (defined in INDUCTION MOTORS above) in
which the secondary or induced member is provided with a
commutator, the commutator being engaged with a pair of
circumferencially spaced short-circuited brushes, and in
which either means (e.g., an auxiliary winding) is provided
in inductive relation to the secondary to produce a magnetic
field in time phase with, and displaced in relation to, the
field produced by the primary or inducing member, or the
brushes are displaced from the mid-position between adjacent
primary (winding) pole positions whereby the motor may
operate continuously under running-speed conditions. See the
definition of self-commutated impulse or reluctance motors.
SERIES MOTOR
A motor having at least one field producing winding and at
least one armature winding, all of the field-producing
windings which are connected to be energized being
electrically connected in series-circuit relationship with
all of the armature windings which are connected to be
energized.
SELF-COMMUTATED IMPULSE OR RELUCTANCE MOTORS
A rotary motor of the type in which the rotor element tends
to assume a predetermined angular position when the motor is
continuously energized and is provided with a commutator or
circuit making and breaking device which is actuated by the
motor to determine the instants of time at which the field
producing windings thereof are energized and de-energized
relative to the angular position of the rotary element. See
the definition of a Repulsion Motor above.
REVERSING CONTROL
Motor systems in which means are provided for operating the
motor in one direction at one time and in the opposite
direction at another time, or for causing the motor to
operate in a direction opposite to that in which it has
previously been operating. In reversing motor systems, means
must be provided for causing the motor to produce a torque in
both directions of operations. Where the motor current is
controlled only to bring the motor to a stop or to brake the
motor, there being no operation in the reverse direction, the
system is classified as motor braking or as motor
deceleration control, depending upon whether the motor is
merely braked or whether the rate of deceleration is
controlled. See the class definition for a definition of
deceleration control and motor braking control in the class
definition for a definition of braking control.
RUNNING SPEED CONTROL
Motor systems in which means are provided for regulating or
controlling the speed of an electric motor after it has been
accelerated to some operating speed at which it is designed
to run until the work or useful load device driven by the
motor has performed its duty at that speed.
(1) Note. Means for controlling the speed of the motor
during the starting or accelerating period of operation
(i.e., means for controlling the rate of change of speed) are
not classified herein even though the claims may term such
control as "speed" control, but are classified under
"acceleration". For a definition of acceleration control,
see section IB4a, of the class definition. Since it is
common practice to use the acceleration means for also
controlling the running-speed of the motor, patents in which
both acceleration and running-speed are claimed and in which
both controls are effected by precisely the same means in
whole or in part, classification will be on the basis of
acceleration control only. Under these circumstances of
control when some claims refer only to "running-speed"
control and/or some other claims refer only to acceleration
control, classification will only be on the basis of the
acceleration control. When, however, acceleration and
running-speed control means are claimed in combination and
any means not a part of the acceleration means are used to
control the running-speed, classification will be on the
basis of combined motor-operation controls including
acceleration and running-speed control. Where means are
employed to affect the magnitude of the running-speed of an
electric motor and the magnitude of the means (e.g.,
resistance, reactance, voltage, etc.), or the position (e.g.,
angle of brush position), of the running-speed control means
is not varied or changed, either inherently or otherwise, at
any time during the period of acceleration, classification
will be on the basis of running-speed control and not on the
basis of acceleration control even though there may be some
effect on the rate of acceleration. For example, a motor
speed control system comprising a fixed resistor connected in
the armature circuit, the magnitude of the resistance of
which resistor does not vary appreciably under the conditions
of use and which resistor is not varied or removed from the
circuit during the acceleration period is classifiable under
running speed control and not under acceleration control.
Since some running-speed control means may be similar or even
identical with some acceleration control means, searches for
motor acceleration control should be, in appropriate
instances, extended to include the running-speed control
art.
STARTING AND/OR STOPPING
Generally, the only motor systems classified as starting and
stopping are those where the supply circuit to the motor is
merely closed in the case of starting, or the supply circuit
is opened in the case of stopping, there being no control of
the rate of starting or stopping, or no auxiliary means to
brake the motor. See the definition of acceleration control
of the class definition for the starting and/or stopping
systems which include motor acceleration and/or deceleration
control means. See the definition of motor braking control
of the class definition for the stopping systems which
include motor braking. See the definition of motor braking
control for the class definition for motor systems where the
armature or primary circuit is controlled during the starting
and/or stopping period for purposes other than motor
acceleration, deceleration or braking control. Motor systems
having only starting and/or stopping control are classified
in the miscellaneous subclasses of this class. See Subclass
References to the Current Class for motor systems where
automatically controlled means control the starting and/or
stopping and for the motor systems where the system includes
a three or more position motor controller to control the
starting and/or stopping.
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
1
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which one or more electric motors are
combined with one or more means (other than a motor) for
driving or actuating one or more load devices, e.g., axle
drives.
(1) Note. See Electric Motor Combined With Other Driving
Means in the Class Definition for the line between this class
and other classes which provide for the combination of an
electric motor and a nonelectric motor.
(2) Note. Where the electric motor or motors and other
driving means drive or are part of an art device,
classification is with the art device and not in this class.
See Load Device Driven By The Motor in the Class Definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 for plural electric motor drives for plural particular
load devices.
8 for plural electric motor drives for single particular
load devices.
34 for plural electric motor drives arranged to drive one or
more general load devices.
150 and 161, for motors combined with flywheels for
actuating load devices.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 698 for the combination of plural
diverse motors, including electrical motor combined with
nonelectrical motors.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 165 and 508+ for
plural expansible chamber motors.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, is the
generic class of motors.
Subclass:
2
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This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
in which one or more electric motors are combined with
manually actuated means for driving or actuating one or more
load devices.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 479.01 for plural
controlling or actuating elements for levers and linkages in
general and subclasses 625+ for alternate hand or power
operators, where no electric motor control is claimed.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 9 for
systems wherein a generator is actuated by plural driving
means, one of them being manual.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, 1
for inputs from independent power sources to a planetary gear
transmission.
Subclass:
3
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which one or more electric motors are
connected or arranged to be connected to actuate one or more
particular or specific load devices which load devices must
constitute a significant part of the combination; and in
which means are also provided for controlling or supplying
electric energy to the electric motor or motors.
(1) Note. See Load Device Driven By The Motor, in the Class
Definition for a statement in regard to the combination of
electric motors and load devices driven thereby included to
this class.
(2) Note. Significant power, torque, force or motion
transmitting mechanism is considered to be a particular or
specific load device for classification in this or the
indented subclasses. See Motor Systems and Power, Motion,
Force or Torque Transmitting Devices Driven Thereby, in the
Class Definition for the combinations of motor supply and/or
control and the power, torque, force or motion transmitting
mechanism driven thereby which are included in this class.
(3) Note. Where the particular load device is a flywheel
merely, classification is not herein but in appropriate
subclasses below. See the Search notes below.
(4) Note. See the classes listed under the class
definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for electric motor systems of the work and feed or
indexing type of motor combination where there are a
plurality of motors.
161 for an electric motor driving a flywheel, see (2) Note
above.
Subclass:
4
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This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
in which there are two or more particular load devices driven
by one or more electric motors and in which one or more of
the load devices are structurally different from or are
operated or controlled differently (e.g., with respect to
time, mode or degree of operation or control, particular
means employed to effect the operation or control) than one
or more of the other of the load devices.
(1) Note. Where the plural driven devices operate as a
unit, all receiving the same kind and degree of control so
that they function as a single (although sometimes variable)
unit, classification will be in this class along with the
single driven devices.
(2) Note. Where two or more load devices are claimed and at
least one of the load devices is significantly claimed,
classification will be in this subclass or a subclass
indented hereunder.
(3) Note. This and the indented subclass include the
combination of an electric motor driving a particular or
specific load device and a power, force or motion
transmitting mechanism, the latter mechanism having means for
driving a load device other than the first mentioned
particular or specific load device.
Subclass:
5
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This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Subject matter
in which two or more electric motors are provided to drive
the driven devices and in which one of the motors is arranged
to drive one of the driven devices and another of the motors
is arranged to drive another of the driven devices; or, in
which one of the motors is supplied with electrical energy
differently or is controlled differently with respect to
time, load, speed, etc., from another of the motors, or in
which one of the motors is substantially different
structurally from another motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for subject matter within the class definition having an
electric motor driving means and a nonmotor driving means.
8 for plural electric motors driving single particular load
devices.
34 for miscellaneous plural electric motor systems within
the class definition.
39 for electric motor systems of the work and feed or
indexing type of motor combination where there are a
plurality of motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 165 and 508+ for
plural expansible chamber motors.
Subclass:
6
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This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling one or more
electric motors so as to control the tension or tautness in a
material being driven, conveyed, or otherwise moved by the
motor at some predetermined value or within some
predetermined limits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
362 for patents relating to braking of load devices driven
by electric motors.
432 for patents relating to constant motor current or load
or torque control.
436 for patents relating to motor systems for producing
torque while the motor is not running but is still
energized.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
72, Metal Deforming, subclass 6 for a metal-shaping
apparatus combined with a condition responsive device for
automatically controlling the operation of the apparatus and
subclass 183 for a metal deforming apparatus for deflecting
successively presented portions of work by tension applied
thereto.
112, Sewing, subclass 254 for tensioning devices for sewing
machines.
114, Ships, 213 for tension relieving devices on ships.
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, subclass 10
for a feeder controlled by the tension in a strand or web.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 410 and 147+ for a
device for controlling tension in a running length of
elongated material.
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling
Force, 274 for apparatus for hauling or hoisting a load,
including a cable-pulling drum having a mechanism linked to
the drum, or a rotating element of the drive for the drum,
for generating a control impulse to the drive motor of the
drum when the torque on the drum varies.
440, Marine Propulsion, subclass 34 for ship towing by
cables, wherein means may be provided for controlling the
cable tension or tautness.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
101 for means for adjusting belt tension in a power
transmission.
Subclass:
7
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This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Subject matter
in which two or more motors are controlled and in which one
or more of the motors are controlled differently from one or
more other of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
34 and the subclasses specified in the notes to the
definitions of those subclasses, for plural electric motor
systems in general.
Subclass:
8
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This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
in which two or more electric motors are employed to drive a
particular load device and in which one or more of the motors
(1) are substantially different, structurally, or (2) are
controlled or operated differently with respect to time,
load, speed, etc., from one or more other of the motors.
(1) Note. This subclass includes subject matter within the
class definition where plural diverse or diversely controlled
electric motors drive differential gearing.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for subject matter within the class definition having an
electric motor driving means and a nonmotor driving means.
5 for plural electric motors driving plural diverse, or
diversely controlled particular load devices.
7 for this subject matter where the plural motors control
the tension or tautness of a material being driven, conveyed
or moved by the motor.
34 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definitions of those subclasses for other plural electric
motor systems within the class definition.
39 for electric motor systems of the work and feed or
indexing type of motor combination where there are a
plurality of motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 716 a system of plural motors
having a common output and not provided for elsewhere. See
the search note in the definition of subclass 698 of Class
60.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 165 and 508+ for
plural expansible chamber motors.
Subclass:
9
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This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter
in which the particular motor driven device comprises means
for receiving and transmitting mechanical power, torque,
force, or motion from the electric motor to some load device
adapted to be actuated thereby.
(1) Note. Motor Systems and Power, Motion, Force or Torque
Transmitting Devices Driven Thereby in the class definition
for the combinations of an electric motor and a power,
torque, force or motion transmitting mechanism included in
this class.
(2) Note. This subclass excludes motor driven clutches and
motor driven magnetic field type of transmitting device. See
Search Class below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
4 for such transmitting mechanisms in combination with other
particular load devices, all actuated by electric motors, the
transmitting mechanism having means for driving a load device
other than the particular load device.
8 for such a transmitting mechanism driven by two or more
electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 75 for
electric motors having drive mechanism therefor, and
subclasses 92+ for the combination of an electric motor and a
magnetic field type of transmitting mechanism. See (1) Note
above.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated control between a motor and a
transmission, clutch, or brake. See (1) Note above.
Subclass:
10
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This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
in which the means driven by the motor is adapted to drive a
load shaft or device in a forward and in a reverse direction
without reversing the direction of operation of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 202, 355, 361,
376+, 404, and other appropriate subclasses for reversing
gearing, and also "Mechanical movement" subclasses involving
oscillating or reciprocating motions.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 21 for the
combination of a clutch and a reversing gear.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems and Components,
1 for control for forward and reverse in an endless belt
power transmission.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for reversing gearing in planetary
transmissions.
476, Friction Gear Transmission Systems or Components, 15
for friction gear transmissions having a forward and reverse
feature.
Subclass:
11
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This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
in which the transmitting mechanism is adapted to drive a
load device at two or more speeds for a given single speed of
the electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for variable speed power or motion transmitting mechanism
(differential gearing) driven by plural diverse or diversely
controlled electric motors, as by driving two input shafts,
to obtain a variable speed of the output shaft of the
gearing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, appropriate subclasses for
the particular mechanical variable speed transmission device,
per se.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 92 for
variable speed magnetic-field type clutch driven by electric
or other motors.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for a variable speed endless belt
power transmission.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for variable speed gearing in
planetary transmission.
Subclass:
12
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This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Subject matter
in which the variable speed transmission is mechanical
gearing provided with means for producing two or more output
speeds when the input or receiving element thereof is being
driven at a single speed.
(1) Note. For a definition of "mechanical gearing", see (1)
Note under subclass 15, hereinafter.
(2) Note. See the combination of an electric motor system
of the type classifiable in the class definition, for a
reference to the electric motor driven gearing in this
class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
15 for miscellaneous electric motor driven mechanical
gearing within the class definition. See Note 1 above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 640 for the structure of
the variable speed gearing, per se.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 83
for gear drives for electrical generators or motors.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for variable speed planetary gearing.
Subclass:
13
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This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Subject matter
in which the variable speed gearing is a differential gearing
with means for varying the output speed of the gearing when
the speed of the driving electric motor is at a predetermined
single value.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for this subject matter where the differential gearing is
driven by plural, diverse, or diversely controlled electric
motors.
Subclass:
14
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This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
in which the power transmitting mechanism is a device which
receives a force or motion from an electric motor having one
type or kind of motion (i.e., rotary, linear, etc.) and
delivers the force or motion by an element of the device
which moves with a different type or kind of motion (i.e.,
linear, reciprocating, rotary, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclasses under
"Mechanical Movements" beginning with subclass 20 for
details of the motion converting mechanism, per se.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 80 for motion
converting drive mechanism for an electric motor and
subclasses 92+ for magnetically energized motion converting
means.
Subclass:
15
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter
in which the power transmitting mechanism is a mechanical
gearing or gear.
(1) Note. For purposes of this class, "Mechanical Gearing"
is described as a device comprising two or more relatively
rotatable solid bodies each provided with interengaging
elements or frictional contact surfaces whereby one or more
of the relatively rotating bodies, operating in rolling
contact with another of said bodies, will transmit to or
receive force or motion from said other body by virtue of
such rolling contact. This includes belt gearing. Also a
"gear" is described as one of the relatively rotating bodies
in the preceding paragraph.
(2) Note. See the combination of an electric motor system
of the type classifiable, for a reference to the electric
motor driven gearing in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for mechanical gearing driven by plural diverse or
diversely controlled electric motors.
10 for electric motor driven reversible gearing.
12 for electric motor driven variable speed gearing.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, for gearing, per se.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 83
for gear drives for electric motors.
474, Endless Belt Power Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for an endless belt power
transmission.
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components, for
planetary gearing, per se.
Subclass:
16
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the electric motor is supplied with
and/or controlled by electric space-transmitted
electromagnetic or electrostatic energy. (e.g., radio
energy).
(1) Note. Unitary or structurally organized devices
commonly known as electromagnets, electric motors,
electrostatic motors, etc., in which an air gap or a
displaceable dielectric or nonmagnetic substance is present
and across which electromagnetic or electrostatic lines of
force extend to an armature thereof, are not included in the
above recited means.
(2) Note. The magnitude of the distance between the
transmitter of energy or signals and the receiver is not
critical since they may be separated merely by a thin
membrane, a wall between rooms, or miles between stations.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
480 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for motor systems within the
class definition which are controlled by radiant energy,
other than electromagnetic or electrostatic energy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
191, Electricity: Transmission to Vehicles, subclass 10 for
electrical transmission to vehicles by magnetic induction.
244, Aeronautics, 175 is the generic subclass for systems
and apparatus for automatically controlling the steering of a
mobile device in two or three dimensions by electrical means,
including such control systems which utilize radiant energy.
See the Notes to the definition of that subclass for the
other classes which provide for systems and apparatus for the
control of the steering or motion of mobile devices and for a
statement as to the lines between the classes.
334, Tuners, subclass 9 for a remote controlled variable
tuner having an electromagnetic operator.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
are the generic subclasses for systems for the control of
apparatus and devices at a distance by means of radio wave
energy.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 61 for radio wave signal
control if reflected or otherwise returned (e.g., radar)
energy is utilized; subclasses 422+ provides for direction
finding receivers having movable antennas which are
orientated in the direction of the received signal by means
of an electric motor system. See the search notes in Class
342 for other subclasses and classes which provide for
radiant energy systems for controlling apparatus and
devices.
Subclass:
17
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for portably
supporting an electric motor or the electrical system of
supply and/or control therefor, the supporting means being
particularly adapted for moving the motor or the system from
one place to a different place.
(1) Note. By way of example only, the following means are
illustrative of portably-supporting means included in this
subclass: runners or skids, wheels or rollers, drags or
"stone-boats", floating devices or boats, vehicle, airplane,
lighter-than-aircraft, etc.
(2) Note. Where the motor is limited to actuating means
which propel the supporting means therefor, classification is
not in this class but in motor vehicles or in some other
appropriate class except in those instances where the
combination is nominal and is classified on basis of
subcombination elsewhere in this class.
(3) Note. Handles, hooks, eyes, etc., connected to,
attached, or built-in a motor are not considered as portably
mounting means.
(4) Note. Electric motors with means for adjustable
positioning the motor on an otherwise fixed support for the
purpose of alignment, levelling, belt-tightening, etc., are
not included herein.
(5) Note. See the classes listed under "Search Class" in the
class definition for other classes which provide for portably
mounted electric motors or portable systems for electric
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 47
for portable or hand held rotary magnetic motors and subclass
50 for portable rotary electric motors.
Subclass:
34
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which there are two or more electric motors
forming the ultimate load on the system of which one or more
thereof are: (1) Substantially structurally different than,
or (2) Supplied by substantially different sources of
electrical supply than, or (3) Controlled substantially
differently than one or more others of the motors.
(1) Note. For example only, it is interpreted that: (1)
Motors differ structurally when they are different in size,
capacity, structural details, etc.; (2) Motors are supplied
by different sources of supply when the sources differ (a) in
kind or type (e.g., AC and DC, generators and electrical
converters, different types of electrical converters,
different types of generators, etc.) or (b) when the sources
differ in size or capacity, or in magnitude of an electrical
characteristic thereof, such for example as frequency,
voltage; (3) Motors are controlled differently when they are
controlled at different times, in different degrees or
magnitude, by different control means, by control means in
different motor circuits, etc.
(2) Note. When the system of supply and control is not
limited as above, that is, when the motors are controlled as
a unit, classification will be in the subclasses with single
motors.
(3) Note. The several motors must have a useful output
severally and individually (i.e., they must be "work"
motors). When a motor merely actuates a control element for
controlling another motor, such motor is not a useful output
or work motor such as is classified herein.
(4) Note. Plural motors implies the existence of two
distinct motors. Two distinct motors may be encased in a
common housing, be intricately interfitting, or mounted on a
common base. However, each must have its distinct field
structure and its distinct primary or armature structure, and
each must be magnetically distinct, from the other. A motor
element having a common field structure, a common field flux
or a common path for the field flux, even though excited by
separate windings fed from each armature and two separate
armature structures, is not considered a plural motor device.
Likewise, a common armature with separate windings supplied
by different sources, but in which the fluxes traverse common
parts or paths is not a plural motor device.
(5) Note. Motor systems having a plurality of motors, one
or more of which run at a constant speed or are not provided
with any significant motor control means, and only one of the
motors being provided with significant control means, are not
classified in subclasses 34+, but will be found in the
subclasses below which provide for the control system for the
single motor which is controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 for this subject matter where two or more motors drive
plural particular load devices.
7 for this subject matter where the plural motors control
the tension or tautness of a material being driven or moved
by the motors.
8 for this subject matter where two or more motors drive a
particular load device.
19 for this subject matter where the system has two or more
follow-up motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, 698 for plural motors in general,
including the combination of an electrical motor and a
nonelectrical motor. See the search notes in the definition
of subclass 698 of Class 60 for a listing of plural motor
subclasses.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 165 and 508+ for
plural expansible chamber motors.
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, subclass 4 for electric
generation systems having two or more prime movers, at least
one of which is a nonelectric prime mover, for actuating a
generator or generators.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 112 for plural
rotary dynamo-electric units electrically distinct but
structurally united; subclasses 114+ for rotary electric
motors or generators having plural rotors; subclasses 127+
for electric motors having two or more commutator and/or sets
of slip rings.
Subclass:
35
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which there are one or more motors having one kind of
driving or output motion (e.g., rotary motion) and one or
more other motors having another king of output or driving
motion (e.g., linear motion) and wherein the motors are each
adapted to drive or actuate a useful load device separately
or in common.
Subclass:
37
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which two or more of the diverse or diversely controlled
motors are reciprocating or oscillating motors.
(1) Note. See Reciprocating or Oscillating Motor, for the
definition of a "reciprocating or oscillating" motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for miscellaneous reciprocating or oscillating motor
systems in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 15 for
reciprocating motors and subclass 36 for oscillating motors.
Subclass:
38
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which two or more of the diverse or diversely controlled
motors are linear-movement motors.
(1) Note. For the definition of "linear-movement motors",
see Linear Movement Motors. of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 for miscellaneous linear-movement motors in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 12 for linear
motors.
Subclass:
39
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which one or more electric motors, hereinafter referred to
as "work" motors, are arranged to actuate means for producing
relative motion between: (1) a thing to be treated, traversed
or operated on, hereinafter referred to as the "work", and
(2), a tool, or traversing or operating mechanism,
hereinafter referred to as the "tool", the tool being adapted
to perform some work or operation on or with respect to the
work, combined with one or more other electric motors,
hereinafter referred to as the "feed" or "indexing" motors,
arranged to control; (3) the rate of feed of the "work" to
the "tool" or vice versa, or (4) the position of the "tool",
spacially or angularly, relative to the path of movement of
the work or the tool whichever is driven by the work motor.
(1) Note. In accordance with the class definition, when the
work and feed motor combination is limited to actuating
particular driven devices, classification will not be in this
subclass (39) but will be classified in some other class.
See Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class.
Inclusion of the devices operated by the motors by name only,
such as a "reciprocating table", or "a carriage", a "movable
tool holder" where no significant structure of the machine
operated by the motors, will not be sufficient to exclude the
patent from this subclass. When, however, the motors are
claimed as being related as work and feed or indexing motors
with respect to each other and their operations are related
to each other, classification will be in this subclass.
Designation of the motors as "work" and "feed" or "indexing"
motors is sufficient basis for classification herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
3 for motor systems having particular load devices, see
subclass 4 where the motors drive a plurality of load
devices, and subclass 8 for plural motor drives for a single
particular load device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, work and feed motor arrangements are found
throughout the class, particularly note 33 for combined
machines employing work and feed motor combinations.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 5, 8+
and 14+ for the combination of a drilling machine of that
class type with a control means actuated by an external
stimulus.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, especially 10, 50+,
75+, 79+, 183+, 185+, 332, and 339+ for a work feed motor
arrangement in combination with a gear cutting machine.
451, Abrading, cork and feed motor arrangements are found
throughout the class, most being found in 1, 294, and 331+.
Subclass:
40
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means, other than an electric motor, are provided
for causing the rotary work-element of one or more of the
electric motors to tend to return to a previously occupied
position when moved therefrom as a result of energization of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for motor systems having reciprocating or oscillating
motors which are biassed to cause the movable element of the
motor to move in one direction of the reciprocating
movement.
159 for miscellaneous motor systems having a motor which is
biassed against rotation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 470 for
resiliently connected levers and linkage systems.
267, Spring Devices, for structure of spring devices, per
se.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 15 for the
structure of reciprocating motors having biasing means for
causing the movable element to move in one direction of the
reciprocating movement.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 131 for
electric meters having biased pointers or indicators.
Subclass:
41
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This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for electrically interconnecting
the winding of an electric motor to the winding of another
electric motor, or for electrically interconnecting a winding
on an auxiliary dynamo-electric machine connected to the
rotor of an electric motor to the winding of an auxiliary
dynamo-electric machine connected to the rotor of another
electric motor; said interconnections being so arranged that
when the two electric motors operate at predetermined
relative speeds and/or phase relationships substantially no
current flows in said interconnections, but that when said
relative speeds or phase relationship depart from said
relationships current flow occurs in the interconnection in a
direction which tends to restore the said speed and/or phase
relationships between the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24 and 30, for follow-up electric motor systems of the
synchronous type in which the transmitter (a dynamo-electric
machine) is electrically interconnected with the receiver (an
electric motor) and in which movement of one machine tends to
cause intercirculating currents to flow resulting in a
tendency toward synchronous movement therewith of the other
dynamo-electric machine.
45 for mechanically interconnected electric motors.
68 for miscellaneous plural motor systems having means for
controlling the relative speeds of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 702 for synchronizing
arrangements for nonelectric motors.
348, Television, 500 for television systems having
synchronizing systems for synchronizing motors at the
transmitting and receiving stations with respect to each
other.
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing, 409 for
facsimile systems having synchronizing systems for
synchronizing motors at the transmitting and receiving
stations with respect to each other.
370, Multiplex Communications, 303 for a multiplexing system
having a rotary distributing switch at the transmitting and
receiving stations.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 354 for synchronizing
systems for digital communications in general.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclass 34
for plural impellers having synchronizing means.
Subclass:
42
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
in which an auxiliary dynamo-electric machine is connected to
the rotors of each of two or more electric motors, and the
synchronizing interconnections are connected between the
windings on the auxiliary dynamo-electric machines.
(1) Note. These dynamo-electric machines normally operate
as generators when the motors are operated at a predetermined
speed and/or phase relationship and develop voltages that are
substantially equal and in opposition to each other. When,
the predetermined speed and/or phase relationships do not
exist the magnitude or the phase of the opposing voltages is
such as to cause one of the dynamo-electric machines to
supply electric energy to the other, the delivering
dynamo-electric machine thereby tending to load and hence
reduce the speed of the motor to which it is connected and
the receiving dynamo-electric machine tending to aid the
electric motor to which it is connected and, hence, to tend
to increase the speed thereof whereby the two motors are
subjected to forces tending to restore the predetermined
speed and/or phase relationship therebetween.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
71 for two or more motors each driving a tachometer
generator the armature circuits of which are connected in
series opposition with each other and also in series with
some electric current responsive device to detect current
flow in the circuits of the interconnected generators and as
a result initiate changes in the relative speeds of the
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission of Interconnection Systems,
subclass 32 for electrical systems in which two or more load
circuits have control means for proportioning or dividing the
total load therebetween; subclass 84 for parallel generators
which supply energy to a useful load.
Subclass:
43
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This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
in which each of the interconnected motors is either a
direct-current motor or an alternating current motor having
both a commutator and one or more slip rings, the
synchronizing interconnections being connected to the slip
rings.
(1) Note. See Alternating-Current Commutating Motor, for a
definition of an "alternating current commutator" motor.
Subclass:
44
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 41. Subject matter
in which two or more of the motors are induction motors, the
interconnections being made between the secondaries (induced
windings).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
818 for controlling induction motors by controlling the
secondary circuit thereof.
Subclass:
45
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for coupling, mechanically, the
driving or output members of two or more motors in a fixed or
predetermined ratio of movement.
(1) Note. Where one motor is connected to actuate an
element of a second motor which element is not the working or
output member of the second motor, classification is not in
this subclass or subclasses indented hereunder but in some
other appropriate subclass.
(2) Note. The following coupled motors are included in this
subclass: (1) two motors rigidly and directly connected to a
common load shaft whether in a common or separate housing so
long as each of the motor units is a distinct unit capable of
operating by itself; (2) two or more motors coupled together
through a variable speed gearing which is adjustable to
effect different coupling or speed ratios between the motors
but when adjusted to any particular ratio, does not permit
the motors to operate at any other ratio of speeds; (3) two
or more motors positively but resiliently, connected to a
common load shaft so that each motor is capable of slight
movement relative to its shaft but further movement in the
same direction is inhibited; (4) Two or more motors geared to
a common load.
(3) Note. The following motors are not included in this
subclass: (1) Two or more motors connected to a common load
by any means where slippage or racing of one motor may occur
relative to another; such, for example, as two motors driving
separate wheels of a vehicle which wheels are not positively
geared or linked together by a means other than the common
smooth rail or roadbed. See subclass 52 for this subject
matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
52 see Note 3 above.
137 for motor systems which include an auxiliary motor for
producing mechanical torque on the principal during starting
or acceleration periods only.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, 49 for multiple motored electric
locomotives the several wheels or axles of which may be
mechanically interconnected by means of parallel or side
rods.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass .02 for two
motors coupled through a clutch.
Subclass:
46
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
in which one or more of the motors have electrical or
mechanical characteristics which are different than the
corresponding characteristic of one or more others of the
motors.
(1) Note. For example, two motors having materially
different speed-torque characteristics are included herein.
Subclass:
47
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter
in which one or more of the motors is a synchronous motor and
one or more others of the motors is a non-synchronous motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of a synchronous motor, see
Synchronous Motor, of the class definition.
Subclass:
48
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 45. Subject matter
in which one or more of the motors are connected to a rotary
member so as to exert a torque therein in one direction and
one or more others of the motors are connected to the same
rotary member so as to exert torque therein in the opposite
direction (either simultaneously or otherwise).
(1) Note. Usually, where the torque is applied
simultaneously, the shaft is turned in one direction by the
motor generating the largest torque.
Subclass:
49
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which there are one or more motors adapted to be connected
to one or more sources of electric energy to convert part of
the energy into mechanical energy and part into electrical
energy and in which there are one or more other motors
combined with means for supplying the last named motors with
the converted electrical energy.
(1) Note. Arrangements within the definition of this
subclass include: (1) a wound-secondary induction motor in
the secondary circuit of which is connected the primary or
armature windings of another AC motor, both motors, being
adapted to perform useful work; (2) A direct current motor
adapted to perform useful work and in addition thereto
driving a d-c generator the output of which is supplied to
another electric motor.
(2) Note. Means may be provided for also connecting the
same motors in other relations with each other. For example
the circuit may be arranged so that the motors may be
connected in cascade, or in series or in parallel.
(3) Note. For cascade arrangements the armatures of the
several motors may not be connected conductively in series;
that is, the same current may not pass through one motor and
then be conducted on to another motor electrically in series
with said one motor. Usually, the armature of one motor is
connected to the secondary of another (induction) motor. The
s:graphic in this Note may be considered to depict plural
motors with separate sources of supply, also they may be
considered to be electrically in series. [figure]
(4) Note. When electric energy is led to one machine which
may be referred to as a "motor" but which serves only to
convert electrical energy and to supply the converted energy
to a motor which has a mechanical energy output, the first
machine is merely considered a converter and not a motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 for this subject matter where two or more cascade
connected motors are mechanically coupled together in a fixed
or predetermined ratio of movement.
731 for doubly fed induction motor systems e.g., where both
the primary and secondary windings of the motor are connected
to sources of electric energy.
Subclass:
50
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 49. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the motors in
electrical relationship with each other in other than cascade
or tandem relation.
(1) Note. For example, the system may be arranged so that
the motors may be connected in cascade or tandem, or in
series, or in parallel.
Subclass:
51
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling one or more
motors to effect one operational control thereof and for
controlling one or more other motors to effect a different
operational control thereof.
(1) Note. This subclass is designed to include systems in
which the controls for different motors (which may be of the
same type) differ from each other; i.e., substantially the
same operational control is not exercised over all motors.
The same kind or type of control applied to different motors
merely at different times is not included herein. For
example, see subclass 67 for plural motor systems where means
are provided for running one motor at a different speed from
another, and subclass 91 for plural motor systems having
means to accelerate or decelerate the motors in succession or
selectively.
(2) Note. For example, means may be provided for
controlling the running speed only of one motor and for
controlling the rate of acceleration only of another motor
whether at the same or different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for plural motor systems where one motor has a different
type of motion from the motion of another motor (rotary motor
and reciprocating motor).
39 for work and feed or indexing motor combinations
involving different controls for different motors.
53 for plural motor systems where the system includes means
for effecting two or more diverse operations of the motors
(reversing, running speed control, braking, acceleration,
deceleration, automatic stopping or starting) the control
operations being effected upon all the motors, either
simultaneously or in sequence.
67 see Note 1 above.
91 see Note 1 above.
Subclass:
52
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reducing the speed of, or
reducing the electrical power input to, one or more electric
motors when one or more of the electric motors is slipping or
racing while operating as a motor.
(1) Note. This subclass includes means which sense: (1) A
sudden increase in speed (that is, a high rate of change of
speed) of one or more electric motors, or (2) A speed of one
or more electric motors the speed of which is considerably in
excess of normal or rated speed thereof, or(3) A substantial
change in the relative speeds of two or more motors connected
to operate a common load device or physically interconnected
load devices so that the motors normally tend to operate at a
predetermined ratio of speeds and effects a reduction in
speed of one or more of the motors when the above speed
conditions exist.
(2) Note. "Slipping" usually occurs when the motor fails to
drive its load, through failure of the mechanical connection
between the motor and load, and thereby increases its speed
due to a lack of load on the motor. An example of slipping
is the case of a traction motor driving a wheel, the wheel
may fail to grip the rail or road bed and "spin", thereby
reducing the load on the motor.
(3) Note. Where the control means affects the operation at
all speeds loads such as maintaining the speed of or load on
the motor or motors constant, or maintaining a predetermined
load division between several motors, classification is not
in this subclass, but is classified herein below in the
appropriate subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68 for plural motor systems having relative running speed
control of plural motors.
98 for plural motor systems having loads or currents
division between two or more motors.
Subclass:
53
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for effecting two or more diverse
operations of two or more motors.
(1) Note. Combinations of the following single operations
are included in this subclass: (a) Reversing control, (b)
Acceleration control; (c) Running-speed control; (d) Braking
control; (e) Motor Load control; (f) Automatic stopping
and/or starting. The following are not considered to be a
single operation such as when combined with only one of the
operations in (a) to (f) or with each other form plural
diverse motor-operation control for classification in these
subclasses: (1) Phase or Power Factor control; (2)
Temperature control of the motor; (3) Signalling, Testing,
Indicating or measuring conditions in the motor or its
system; (4) Ordinary (manual) stopping and/or starting; (5)
Phase splitting or phase conversion to supply the motor; (6)
Lubricating the motor. For example, operation (a) with any
one or more of operations (1) to (6) are not classified in
these subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for this subject matter where the system includes plural
motors in which one or more of the motors is controlled
differently than one or more of the others.
67 for plural motor systems where the system includes means
for running one of the motors at a different speed from the
speed of another motor.
255 for motor systems having plural, diverse motor
operations control the single electric motors.
Subclass:
54
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
in which one of the control means is a means for reversing
the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
reversing of the motors.
256 for single motor systems having control means for
reversing the motor.
Subclass:
55
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
running-speed of the motors.
(1) Note. When the means which is used for controlling the
acceleration and/or deceleration of the motors is also used
for controlling the running speed of the motors, no other
running-speed control means being claimed, classification
will be in an appropriate subclass which includes
acceleration control. See subclasses 58, 61, 64 below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 and the subclasses specified in the search Notes thereto
for other plural motor systems having means for running-speed
control of plural motors, and another means for a different
motor control operation.
64 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for other plural motor systems
having means for controlling the acceleration of the motor
and means for performing a different type of motor control
operation. See Note (1) above.
257 for single motor systems having the combination of
reversing and running-speed controls.
Subclass:
56
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 55. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for controlling the motors
by braking the same.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 and the subclasses specified in the search Notes thereto,
for other plural motor systems having controls of plural
motors including braking thereof and another diverse type of
operation.
258 for single motor systems having means for the combined
reversing, running-speed control and braking.
Subclass:
57
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for controlling the motors
by braking.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for reversing and braking with running-speed control of the
plural motors.
63 and the subclasses specified in the search Notes thereto,
for other plural motor systems having means for controlling
the braking and another different type of operation of the
motor.
258 and 261+, for the single motor systems having control
means for reversing and braking the motor.
Subclass:
58
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the rate of
the motors acceleration and or deceleration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having means for controlling the
acceleration and/or deceleration of the motors and means for
performing a different motor control operation.
259 and 260, for single motor systems having means for the
reversing and acceleration and/or deceleration of the motor.
Subclass:
59
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the running speed
of the motors in addition to one or more other motor
operations.
(1) Note. Where the same means which is used for
controlling the acceleration and/or deceleration of the
motors is also used to control the running speed of the
motors, no other running speed control being claimed,
classification will not be herein but in the appropriate
acceleration subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 and the subclasses specified in the definition of that
subclass for plural motor systems having means for
controlling the acceleration of the motor and for performing
another motor control operation.
66 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
running speeds of the motors.
101 for this subject matter where the system includes
running-speed control and reversing control.
268 for single motor systems which have means for
controlling the running speed of the motor and having means
for performing another control operation.
Subclass:
60
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for braking the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the running-speed, the braking and reversing.
63 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
plural motor systems having means for controlling the braking
of the motors and for performing another control operation.
269 and the subclasses specified in the search Notes thereto
for single motor systems having combined running speed
control and braking control.
Subclass:
61
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
acceleration and/or deceleration of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the running speed, acceleration and/or
deceleration and reversing and with or without braking
control of plural motors.
58 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the acceleration and/or deceleration and
reversing.
64 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for other plural motor systems
having means to control the acceleration and/or deceleration
and to perform a different motor control operation.
271 and the subclasses specified in the search Notes
thereto, for combined running speed and acceleration and/or
deceleration controls of single motors.
Subclass:
62
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 59. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for automatically starting
and/or stopping the motors in response to one or more
predetermined conditions and/or with means to effect a
predetermined time delay in one or more operational controls
of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for plural motor systems having means for controlling
the starting and/or stopping of the motor.
272 for single motor systems having combined running speed
control and automatic starting and/or stopping for single
motors.
Subclass:
63
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
in which means are provided for braking the motors in
addition to one or more other operational controls of the
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for braking, controlling the running speed and reversing.
57 for this subject matter where the motor system includes
means for braking and reversing.
60 for this subject matter where the motor system includes
means for braking and controlling the running speed.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes thereto
for single motor systems having braking control combined with
other motor-operation-controls.
Subclass:
64
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 53. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the rate of
acceleration and/or deceleration of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the acceleration and/or deceleration, the running
speed and reversing.
58 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the acceleration and/or deceleration and
reversing.
61 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to control the acceleration and/or deceleration and the
running speed.
63 for this subject matter where the system also includes
means to control the braking.
90 for plural motor systems provided with means for
controlling the acceleration and/or deceleration of the
motors.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for single motor systems having acceleration and
deceleration control combined with other motor operational
controls.
Subclass:
65
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for causing two or more electric
motors to operate in one direction at one time and in a
reverse direction at another time.
(1) Note. Reversing the motor connections or reversing the
application of power to the motors while running, and
terminating the application of power to the motors prior to
or substantially at the time when the speed of the motors
approach zero speed is not included herein but is classified
under braking. See subclasses 86+, for braking control for
plural motors. There must be a substantial operation of the
motors in a reverse direction to be classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for this subject matter where the system has means for
reversing and performing a different control of plural
motors.
86 see Note (1) above.
280 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition for single motor systems with reversing control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission of Interconnection Systems,
subclass 127 for switching systems which respond to a
reverse polarity.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses, especially Digest 15,
for polarity control in a battery or capacitor charging or
discharging system.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 5 for generator
polarity control.
Subclass:
66
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the running speed
of two or more electric motors.
(1) Note. Where the same means which is used to control the
acceleration and/or deceleration of the motor is also used to
control the running speed of the motors, no other running
control means being claimed, classification will not be
herein but in the more appropriate acceleration subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for this subject matter where
the system includes means for running speed control and
another different type of motor control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 53
for load current division among a plurality of generators,
frequently by control of their running speed.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 800 and 825+ for
single motor running-speed control systems with, and without,
feedback, respectively.
Subclass:
67
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Subject matter
in which means are provided for running one or more motors at
one speed and one or more other motors at another speed
simultaneously.
(1) Note. At times, all the motors may be run at the same
speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for work and feed or indexing motor control systems in
which the work and feed motor may operate at different
speeds.
Subclass:
68
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling or regulating the
speed of one or more electric motors relative to the speed of
one or more other electric motors.
(1) Note. This or the indented subclasses do not include
systems where the running speed of all the motors is
controlled as a group.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for this subject matter where there are electrical
synchronizing connections between a plurality of motors so
that when the speed of one motor changes with respect to
another motor, one of the motors will act either as a prime
mover for a generator or as a generator to supply electric
energy to the other motor.
45 for plural motor systems where the motors have the
driving members coupled mechanically together.
52 for this subject matter where means are provided for
reducing the speed of or reducing the electric energy
supplied to a motor when such motor is "slipping" or racing.
90 for plural motor systems where the acceleration and/or
deceleration of one motor may be related to the acceleration
and/or deceleration of another motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 700 for plural motors of other
types in which the speed of one or more motors may be
controlled with reference to the speed of one or more other
motors.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, 511 for controlling
one expansible chamber motor in response to a condition of
another.
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, subclass 4 for plural prime
movers one of which is nonelectric, driving electric
generators in which the speed of one or more prime movers may
be controlled relative to speed of one or more other prime
movers.
Subclass:
69
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
in which means are provided for detecting or sensing a
difference in speed between two or more of the motors and for
initiating the operation of the means for controlling the
relative speeds of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 507 for a device
responsive to the difference in speed between two bodies.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 36 for
systems wherein the speed of a generator is compared with the
speed of a reference device (which might be an electric
motor) and means are provided for regulating the speed of the
generator relative to the reference device.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 800 for single
motor running-speed control systems with feedback.
Subclass:
70
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter
in which the speed difference detecting or sensing means
comprises an electrical device which, per se, generates,
converts or controls electrical energy, or is activated
thereby.
(1) Note. The detecting or sensing means itself must be an
electrical device an not merely a nonelectrical device
constituting an actuator for an electrical device. For
example, an electromagnet having two windings and an armature
actuated thereby wherein one winding is energized by current
varying with the speed of one motor, the other winding
energized by current varying with the speed of another motor
and the armature, responsive to the resulting energization of
the electromagnet, constitutes an electrical type detector;
namely, an electromagnet. However, a differential gearing
device, one gear of which is moved at a rate which varies
with the speed of one motor, another gear which is moved at a
rate varying with the speed of another motor and the output
element of the gearing connected to actuate an electric
switch is not an example of an electrical detector; but is a
mechanical type detector (namely, a differential gear)
functioning as an operator for an electrical device; namely,
the switch.
Subclass:
71
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
in which each of two or more of the motors is provided with
means for generating electrical voltages and/or currents or
is provided with means for controlling a separate voltage or
current, the detecting or sensing means being operated by the
difference in magnitude between the two separately generated
or controlled voltages or currents.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for plural motor systems where there are electrical
synchronizing connections between a plurality or the motors.
Subclass:
72
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
in which a dynamoelectric machine is provided for sensing or
detecting the difference in speed between two or more
motors.
(1) Note. A common arrangement of a dynamoelectric machines
as a detector comprises connecting the armature structure
thereof to one motor and the field structure thereof to
another motor with the result that when the motors run at the
same speed both parts of the dynamoelectric machine will
operate at the same speed and, no e.m.f. will be generated in
the machine. When the motors operate at different speeds,
the parts of the dynamoelectric machine will have relative
motion with respect to each other and will generate an e.m.f.
which will have a magnitude which is proportional to the
magnitude of the difference in speeds of the two parts of the
dynamoelectric machine.
Subclass:
73
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
in which the detector comprises an impedance device having
one or more parts driven synchronously with one or more
motors and one or more other parts of the impedance driven
synchronously with one or more other motors; or one or more
parts of an impedance is actuated synchronously with one or
more motors and one or more parts of another impedance device
is actuated synchronously with one or more other motors.
Subclass:
74
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 70. Subject matter
in which the detector comprises one or more electric switches
one or more parts of which switches are operated
synchronously with one or more motors and one or more other
parts of the switches are operated synchronously with one or
more other motors.
Subclass:
75
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 74. Subject matter
in which the detector comprises two or more electric switches
connected electrically in series with each other.
Subclass:
76
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 69. Subject matter
in which the detector comprises a differential gearing device
in which an input element of the gearing is driven by one or
more motors another input element is driven by one or more
other motors so that the differential or output element of
the gearing operates in response to the relative speeds of
the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
8 for motor systems in this class having a plurality of
motors driving a differential gearing as the load device for
the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
475, Planetary Gear Transmission Systems or Components,
appropriate subclasses for control of plural power sources
and for differential planetary gearing, per se.
Subclass:
77
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the speed of a
motor in response to changes in speed of another motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for plural motor systems having synchronizing
interconnections between the motors so that one motor may
supply energy to another motor when the speed ratio varies.
Subclass:
78
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 77. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the speed of said
other motor by controlling the frequency of alternating
current supplied to said motor or by controlling the rate at
which electrical impulses are supplied to said other motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
723 for synchronous motor systems having frequency control
of the supply current for the motors.
807 for induction motor systems having frequency control of
the supply of AC to the motor.
Subclass:
79
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the armature (or
primary) circuit of one or more of the motors in combination
with means for also controlling the field (or secondary)
circuit of one or more motors, simultaneously or separately.
(1) Note. The armature and field which are controlled may
be of the same or different motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
group speed of plural motors by controlling the armature
circuit of the motors.
84 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
group speed of plural motors by controlling the field circuit
of the motors.
92 for plural motors systems having acceleration and/or
deceleration control by the combined control of the armature
and the field circuits.
493 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for miscellaneous motor systems with combined control of the
armature and the field circuits.
Subclass:
80
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the armature or
primary circuit of one or more of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for plural motor systems having synchronizing
interconnections between the motors so that the armature of
one motor may be supplied with energy from the other motor
when the speed ratio varies.
79 for this subject matter where the system includes
armature circuit control combined with field circuit
control.
82 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
(group) speed of the plurality of electric motors by
controlling the armature or primary circuits.
94 for plural motor systems having armature circuit control
means for controlling the acceleration and/or deceleration of
a plurality of electric motors.
494 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for motor systems having means for controlling the
armature circuits.
Subclass:
81
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 68. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field or
secondary circuit of one or more of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79 for this subject matter where the system includes field
or secondary circuit control in combination with armature or
primary circuit control.
84 for plural motor systems having field or secondary
circuit control for controlling the (group) speed of a
plurality of electric motors.
97 for plural motor systems having field circuit control for
acceleration and/or deceleration control of the motors.
521 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for motor systems having field circuit control
means.
Subclass:
82
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the armature or
primary circuits of a plurality of motors to control the
(group) speed of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
80 for this subject matter where the armature or primary
circuit control is for controlling the relative speed of one
motor with respect to another motor.
94 for plural motor systems having armature circuit control
for controlling plural motors during the acceleration and/or
deceleration of the motors.
494 and the subclasses listed under the search notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor systems having armature
circuit control.
Subclass:
83
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature
conductors or windings of one or more motors in series
relationship with the armature conductors or windings of one
or more other motors at one time and in parallel relationship
therewith at another time; or for connecting the armature
conductors or windings of one or more motors in series with
the armature conductors or windings of one or more other
motors and simultaneously connecting the armature conductors
or windings of one or more third motors in parallel with the
armature conductors or windings of one or more other motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 for plural motor systems having series parallel
connection of the armature circuits of plural motors during
the acceleration thereof.
111 and the subclasses listed in the search notes thereto,
for other plural motor systems having series parallel
connections of the armature windings.
497 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for single motor systems having parallel connections
of two or more armature or primary windings.
Subclass:
84
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 66. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field circuit
or the secondary circuit of two or more motors for
controlling the (group) speed of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79 for plural motor systems having combined armature and
field circuit control for controlling the relative speed
between two or more motors.
81 for plural motor systems having fields or secondary
circuit control for controlling relative speed between two or
more of the motors.
97 for plural motor systems having field or secondary
circuit control of two or more motors during the acceleration
period thereof.
521 and the subclasses listed in the search notes thereto,
for single motor systems having field circuit control for the
motor.
Subclass:
85
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for causing a movable motive
element of one or more electric motors to occupy or assume a
predetermined relative position or phase with respect to a
movable motive element of one or more other electric motors
either while stationary or while in motion.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
41 for plural motor systems having electrical synchronizing
interconnections between a plurality of motors for
maintaining the motors in substantially constant speed and
phase interrelationship.
45 plural motor systems having a plurality of motors
mechanically coupled (e.g., as by a common shaft) in a fixed
or predetermined ratio of movement.
52 for plural motor systems having means for controlling
"slipping" or racing of one or more electric motors.
68 for plural motor systems having speed control systems for
controlling the running speed on one or more electric motors
relative to the speed of one or more other electric motors
including means for maintaining equal speeds and/or the same
angular or phase relationships.
437 for single motor systems having means for phasing, or
angular or linear positional control, of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, 698 for means for synchronizing plural
motors in general.
178, Telegraphy. See the classes referred to in the search
notes of subclass 53 for other classes which provide for
electrical systems for synchronization of rotary shafts.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 85
for systems for connecting or disconnecting a plurality of
previously synchronized generators.
370, Multiplex Communications, 304 for synchronization of
rotary switches in a multiplex system.
375, Pulse or Digital Communications, 354 for synchronizing
systems for pulse communications in general.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclass 34
for plural impellers having synchronizing means.
Subclass:
86
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for braking the motors.
(1) Note. See Motor Braking Control, of the class
definition for a definition of braking control.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for plural motor systems having means for braking one or
more motors and means for performing some other operational
control to one or more other motors.
63 and the subclasses listed in the search notes thereto,
for plural motor systems having means for braking plural
motors combined with some other motor operation control for
the motors.
362 and the subclasses listed in the search notes thereto,
for single motor systems having means for braking the
motors.
Subclass:
87
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 86. Subject matter
in which braking is effected by means which cause one or more
of the motors to operate as a generator thus retarding the
motor and load devices operated thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 and the classes and subclasses listed in the Search
Notes thereto, for single motor systems having dynamic
braking of the motor.
Subclass:
88
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the magnitude of
the current delivered by one or more of the motors being
braked relative to the magnitude of the current delivered by
one or more others of the motors being braked.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
51 for plural motor systems having means for braking one of
the motors and means for performing a different control
operation upon another motor.
98 for plural motor systems having means for load or current
division between plural motors during motor operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, appropriate subclasses for
load division between nonelectric motor driven generators in
general.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 53 for systems of load current division among a
plurality of generators or sources.
Subclass:
89
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 87. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the generating or
armature circuit of one or more of the motors to the field or
exciting circuit of one or more others of the motors during
the braking period to supply the exciting or field current to
said other motors.
Subclass:
90
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the acceleration
and/or deceleration of two or more electric motors.
(1) Note. See the class definition, Glossary for a
definition of "Acceleration Control".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes thereto,
for plural motor systems having means for acceleration and/or
deceleration control of two or more motors combined with
another motor-operation control for the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 842 and 848+ for
single motor acceleration control systems with, and without,
feedback, respectively.
Subclass:
91
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter
in which means are provided for accelerating and/or
deceleration of one or more electric motors and subsequently
accelerating and/or decelerating one or more other electric
motors; or in which means are provided for accelerating
and/or decelerating two or more electric motors and with
which means one or more of the motors can be accelerated
and/or decelerated without accelerating one or more others of
the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for plural motor systems having means for sequential or
successive starting and/or stopping of two or more motors.
103 for plural motor systems having means for selectively
starting and/or stopping one or more electric motors without
starting and/or stopping one or more others of the motors.
Subclass:
92
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling both the armature
(or primary) circuits and the field or (secondary) circuits
of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
79 and 82, for plural motor systems having combined armature
(or primary) and field (or secondary) circuit control for
running speed control of plural motors.
493 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor systems having combined
armature (or primary) and field (or secondary) circuits
control.
Subclass:
93
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 92. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature or
primary circuits of two or more electric motors in series
circuit relationship with respect to each other at one time
and in parallel circuit relationship with respect to each
other at another time; or for connecting two or more electric
motors in parallel circuit relationship with respect to each
other and simultaneously two or more motors in series circuit
relationship with respect to each other.
(1) Note. One of more of the motors in the parallel
connected group referred to in the latter part of the above
definition may constitute one or more of the motors in the
series connected group. For example, a single motor may be
connected in series with a group of three motors which three
motors are all connected in parallel relationship with
respect to one another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
95 for plural motor systems having means for connecting the
motor armatures in series-parallel connections for
acceleration and/or deceleration control.
111 and the subclasses listed under the Search Notes
thereto, for other plural motor systems having
series-parallel arrangements of the plural motors.
497 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for single motor systems having series-parallel
connections of two or more armature or primary windings.
Subclass:
94
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the armature or
primary circuits of the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of the subclass, for armature or primary circuit
control of plural motors during the running speed operation
thereof.
92 for this subject matter where the system has armature
circuit control combined with field circuit control for
acceleration and/or deceleration control.
104 for plural motor systems having armature or primary
circuit control of the motors during starting and/or stopping
of the motor.
494 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for single motor systems having armature or primary
circuit control of single motors.
Subclass:
95
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 94. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature or
primary circuits of two or more electric motors in series
circuit relationship with respect to each other at one time
and in parallel circuit relationship with respect to each
other at another time; or for connecting the armature or
primary circuits of two or more electric motors in series
circuit relationship with respect to one another and
simultaneously connecting the armature or primary circuits of
two or more motors in parallel circuit relationship with
respect to one another.
(1) Note. One or more of the motors in the parallel
connected group, referred to in the latter part of the above
definition, may constitute one or more of the motors in the
series connected group. For example, a single motor may be
connected in series with a group of three motors which three
motors are all connected in parallel relationship with
respect to one another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 for this subject matter where means are provided for
series parallel connection of the motor armatures combined
with motor field control.
111 and the subclasses listed under the Search Notes in the
definition of that subclass, for plural motor systems having
series parallel arrangements of the motors.
495 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for miscellaneous motor systems
having series parallel armature connecting means.
Subclass:
96
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 95. Subject matter
in which means are provided for providing impedance in the
armature or primary circuits of the motors.
(1) Note. See Impedance or Impedance Device of the class
definition for a definition of "impedance".
Subclass:
97
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 90. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field or
secondary circuits of the electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
84 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for plural motor systems having
field circuit control for controlling the running speed of
the motors.
100 for plural motor systems having field control for load
control of the motors.
521 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor systems having field or
secondary circuit control.
Subclass:
98
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the magnitude of
the load which is driven or actuated by the motors, or for
otherwise controlling the magnitude or amount of work done by
the motors; or for controlling the division of load or
current between the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
5 and 8, for plural motor systems having plural motors
employed to drive particular load devices, the system
including motor load control means particularly in subclass 8
where plural motors drive an ultimate load device through a
differential gearing whereby a predetermined ratio of load
may be effected on the motors.
7 for plural motor systems where the relative torque on the
motors may be controlled to effect a predetermined tension in
a material driven or conveyed by the motors.
39 for plural motor systems of the work-and-feed-motor
combination type where control of feed-motor may affect load
on the work-motor.
41 for plural motor systems where the motors have electrical
synchronizing interconnections in which the interconnection
may affect the relative loads on the several motors.
45 for plural motor systems where the armature or work
output members of the motors are mechanically
interconnected.
52 for plural motor systems having racing or slipping
control which may affect the load on or between the several
motors.
68 for plural motor systems having the relative speed
control between motors which may affect the load on or
between the motors.
88 for plural motor systems having control of the load or
current division between several motors during dynamic
braking of motors.
101 for mere starting and/or stopping of the motors,
430 for single motor systems having motor load control
during the starting or stopping.
432 for single motor systems having means for maintaining a
substantially constant load upon the motor.
434 for single motor systems having means for maintaining
the load upon the motor from exceeding predetermined limits
or going below a predetermined limit.
474 for single motor systems having automatic control of the
motor in response to load conditions.
Subclass:
99
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the division of
load current so that the ratio of division is or can be
maintained at some fixed or predetermined ratio.
(1) Note. The means may be adjustable so that the ratio can
be varied from one fixed or predetermined value to another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 for plural motor systems having load or current division
between motors when acting as generators during dynamic
braking.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 32 for systems for proportioning the electrical
energy supply to a plurality of load circuits and subclass 53
for systems of load division among a plurality of generators
or sources.
Subclass:
100
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 99. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field or
secondary circuits of the electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor circuits having field
circuit control means.
Subclass:
101
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for starting and/or stopping one
or more of a group of two or more electric motors.
(1) Note. This subclass is a residual subclass for patents
relating primarily to starting and/or stopping of electric
motors. Starting and/or stopping of electric motors is an
incident of, or is combined with many other motor operations
controls. For example, when accelerating a motor from rest
to its normal running speed the motor is started as a
necessary incident; likewise in decelerating, or braking to a
condition of inaction, a motor is stopped. Also in
reversing, a motor is usually stopped and started in the
reverse direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for follow-up systems of electric motor control wherein
the motor is started as a result of the movement of the
transmitter and stopped as a result of the stoppage of the
transmitter.
53 for plural motor systems having automatic starting and/or
stopping of plural motors in combination with other motor
operations control.
90 for plural motor systems having starting and/or stopping
as a part of the acceleration and/or deceleration control of
plural electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, 116.5 for means for
terminating the transmission of power to various driven
devices.
Subclass:
102
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter
in which means are provided for starting or stopping two or
more electric motors one after another.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 for plural motor systems having means for selectively
accelerating and/or decelerating two or more motors one after
another.
Subclass:
103
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter
in which means are provided for starting or stopping one or
more electric motors without starting and/or stopping one or
more other electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 for plural motor systems having means for accelerating
and/or decelerating plural motors, the system being arranged
so that one or more motors can be accelerated and/or
decelerated without accelerating and/or decelerating another
motor.
Subclass:
104
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter
in which means are provided in the armature (or primary)
circuit for starting and/or stopping the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
494 particularly 519+, for single motor systems having
starting and/or stopping control by means of armature circuit
control.
Subclass:
105
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which two or more sources of electrical supply are
provided to supply energy to the armature or primary circuits
of the motors, one or more of which sources of supply are
different in kind, type, degree or magnitude or are
differently controlled, with respect to one or more others of
the sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for other systems which comprise
plural sources of supply for the armature circuits of
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 18
for systems including a plurality of sources of supply for a
plurality of loads, and subclasses 43+ for systems having a
plurality of supply circuits or sources.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 86 for
generators having a field circuit energized from plural
sources of supply.
Subclass:
106
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 105. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources are substantially
different in respect to (1) structure of the sources or (2)
the nature or magnitude of an electrical characteristic of
the sources, than one or more others of the sources.
(1) Note. For example, an internal combustion engine driven
dynamo and an electric converter, or a secondary battery and
a thermocouple are examples of diverse or unlike sources by
virtue of their different structures; while two sources may
differ from one another in their nature in that one may be AC
and the other DC, or in the magnitude of electrical
characteristics such as having different voltages or
different frequencies, or different capacities.
Subclass:
107
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
in which the sources comprise one or more AC sources and one
or more DC sources.
(1) Note. A "pulsating" source is a DC source for purposes
of this class. Where, however, a DC source and an AC source
are connected to a circuit to produce a pulsating current or
voltage in the circuit, classification will be on the basis
of plural Sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441 for motor systems having the combination of AC and DC
sources for a single motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 72
for systems having a plurality of supply circuits or sources
having unlike electrical characteristics.
Subclass:
108
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources of supply, supply
electric energy at one voltage magnitude and one or more
others of the sources supply energy at another magnitude of
voltage.
(1) Note. Two voltages are of different magnitudes if, at
any time during normal operation, one of them has a magnitude
substantially different in effective value than the other.
Hence, if the magnitude of one of the sources is varied
relative to the magnitude of the other so as not to be the
same, the two sources are considered to be of different
voltages.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
109 for plural motor systems having similar types of sources
(e.g., all ac sources or all DC. sources) for the motors in
which one or more of the sources differ in voltage magnitude
from one or more others of the sources.
442 for motor systems having plural sources of supply for a
single motor in which the voltages of the sources differ in
magnitude from one another.
Subclass:
109
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources differs in magnitude from
one or more others of the sources.
(1) Note. Two voltages differ in magnitude when at any time
one of them has a magnitude which differs in effective value
from the magnitude of the other. Hence, if the magnitude of
the voltage of one of the sources is varied relative to the
magnitude of the voltage of another source, in order to make
them different the two sources are considered to be of
different magnitudes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108 for this subject matter where one of the voltage sources
is an ac source and another is a DC source.
442 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to that
subclass for motor systems having plural sources of supply
for single motor.
Subclass:
110
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources have a different
frequency than one or more others of the sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having plural sources of supply for a single
motor which sources may differ in frequency.
Subclass:
111
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature or
primary windings of one or more electric motors in series
circuit relationship with the armature or primary windings of
one or more other electric motors at one time and in parallel
circuit relationship at another time; or for connecting the
armature or primary windings of one or more electric motors
in series circuit relationship with the armature or primary
windings of one or more other electric motors, and
simultaneously connecting the armature or primary circuit of
one or more electric motors in parallel circuit relationship
with the armature of primary circuit of one or more other
electric motors.
(1) Note. In the simultaneous series parallel relationship
set forth in the latter half of the above definition, one or
more of the motors connected in the series circuit
relationship may constitute one or more of the motors which
are connected in the parallel relationship.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
83 for this subject matter where the series parallel
connection of armature of primary circuits of the motors is
for running speed control.
84 and 97, for series parallel connections of field windings
of plural motors for running speed control and acceleration
control, respectively.
93 and 95+, for this subject matter where the series
parallel connection of the armature or primary circuits is
for acceleration control.
95 see subclass 93 above.
97 see subclass 84 above.
497 and the subclasses specific in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having series parallel connections of plural
armature or primary windings of a single electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 37 for plural load circuit systems in which the
load circuits may be connected either in a series or parallel
relationship, and subclass 71 for systems of plural
electrical sources in which the sources may be connected
either in a series or parallel relationship.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
192 and the Search Notes thereto for series parallel
connected lamps and space discharge devices.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses for series or parallel
connection of batteries in a system for charging or
discharging a battery, especially 116.
Subclass:
112
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature or
primary circuits of one or more electric motors in parallel
circuit relationship with the armature or primary circuits of
one or more other electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
88 for this subject matter where the armature or primary
circuits are connected in parallel for load or current
division during braking.
98 for this subject matter where the armature or primary
circuits are connected in parallel for load control.
111 for this subject matter where the armature circuits are
connected in series at one time and in parallel at another,
or where there are parallel connected armature circuits of
plural motors and series connected armature circuits of
plural motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 11
for systems in which a plurality of loads or load circuits
may be connected in parallel, and subclasses 43+ for systems
in which a plurality of sources or supply circuits may be
connected in parallel.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, 312 and
the Search Notes thereto for parallel connected lamps and
space discharge devices.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses for series or parallel
connection of batteries in a system for charging or
discharging a battery, especially 116.
Subclass:
113
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 34. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the armature or
primary circuits of one or more electric motors in series
circuit relationship with the armature or primary circuits of
one or more other electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for motor systems having plural motors electrically
connected in cascade or in tandem (that is, where the
electrical output of one constitutes the electrical input to
another).
111 for plural motor systems in which the armature or
primary circuits of a plurality of motors are connected both
in series and in parallel.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, 185 and
the Search Notes thereto, for plural
series-connected-electric lamp and space discharge devices.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses for series or parallel
connection of batteries in a system for charging or
discharging a battery, especially 116.
Subclass:
114
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which (1) means are provided for actuating
one or more parts of an electric motor relative to and into
impact or percussive contact with one or more other parts
which are either parts of the motor structure or are
structurally combined with the motor (i.e., not merely other
parts which constitute a device or work piece to be operated
on by the motor and to which the motor may be attached or
relatively positioned temporarily); or (2) the motor is a
shock or vibration producing type of motor the prime or
essential function of which motor is to transmit mechanical
shock or vibrations to a mechanism or device upon which the
motor may be supported or to which the motor may be clamped
or otherwise secured.
(1) Note. A motor system having electric motor which is
limited to having any useful output member other than that
for producing impact shock or vibration as defined in parts
(1) and (2) above, is not classified herein, but is
classified in one of the other appropriate subclasses and
cross-referenced to this subclass for the impact, shock or
vibration producing feature.
(2) Note. The shock or vibration producing motor may be a
rotary electric motor in which the rotary element is
decidedly unbalanced dynamically so that upon rotation it
will produce pronounced reactive forces to cause the motor
frame to transmit forces to the support or body with which it
may be in contact and, hence, cause shock or vibration in
said support or body. For example, mere reciprocating or
oscillating motors which may or may not produce impact by the
movable motor element, depending on the proximity of the
motor having the movable element to the work or device to be
operated upon or to be actuated by the motor are not included
herein but will be found in subclass 119.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 see Note 2 above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
81, Tools, 463 and see Notes thereto.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting, subclass 117 for an
impacting device having a hammer head driven by an electric
motor.
Subclass:
115
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for giving the
working or output member of the motor two or more types of
motion either simultaneously or not.
(1) Note. For example only, an electric motor which is
adapted to rotate and simultaneously reciprocate is included
herein. Likewise, a motor designed to rotate while DC is
applied to its terminals and reciprocate when pulsating or AC
is applied to its terminals is classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
35 for plural motors systems in which one or more motors has
one type of motion another motor has a different type of
motion.
Subclass:
116
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter which the electric motor converts electric to
mechanical energy by means other than magnetic induction.
(1) Note. Examples of nonmagnetic motors are piezoelectric
crystals, thermal-electric motors, electrostatic motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
36 for this subject matter where the system includes a
plurality of non-magnetic motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 300 for
nondynamoelectric motors, per se.
Subclass:
117
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 116. Subject matter
in which the motor comprises a member which undergoes
substantial changes in shape, position and/or dimensions when
heated, and means for electrical heating, the member.
(1) Note. When electric current is conducted through the
above mentioned member thereby causing the member to become
heated, separate heating means are not necessary.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, subclass 523 for a motor in which a
confined unit of mass of gas is heated electrically to
produce expansion; subclass 528 for a motor operated by the
expansion of a solid mass heated by its resistance to flow of
an electrical current; and subclass 513 for a motor operated
by the expansion of fluid in an expansible chamber containing
an electric heating means.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 306
for thermal or pyromagnetic electric motors.
Subclass:
118
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is of the magneto-striction
type.
(1) Note. See the class definition for a definition of a
magneto-strictive motor. Commonly, the magnetizable member
is (1) restrained from moving at a point along a dimension
thereof but is free to move at other points along and in the
direction of such dimension, and is (2) combined with a
solenoid or winding which surrounds the magnetizable member
and the axis of which winding is concentric or parallel with
such dimension; as a result of which the magnetizable member
will change in dimension when, the magnetic field is changed
the mechanical motion of the member being available for power
output purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for other motor systems having magnetic motors of the
reciprocating or oscillating type.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 300
for magneto-strictive motors, per se.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 215 for magnetostrictive
magnets, per se.
Subclass:
119
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is a reciprocating or
oscillating type of electric motor.
(1) Note. See the class definition for a definition of
reciprocating or oscillating type motor.
(2) Note. Either of the terms "reciprocating" or
"oscillating" when used separately in the titles and
definitions in this class will be construed to include the
other, unless clearly indicated otherwise.
(3) Note. For motor systems having the conventional rotary
electric motor constructed for unlimited degree of movement
in a given direction combined with means for periodically
reversing the motor (e.g., reversed (1) in response to a
"limit of travel" in either direction of rotation, (2) under
control of some time-measuring mechanism, (3) after a
predetermined number of revolutions, (4) etc.), see
appropriate subclasses hereinafter under "Reversing, periodic
or repetitious", subclass 281. Where the "motor" has means
for actuating in one direction only (including arrangements
whereby electric means or gravity and electric means can
effect actuation in the one direction only) and consequently,
the return movement must be effected manually or by some
nonmotor means; classification is not herein. For example, a
motor system having a motor having a vertically disposed and
freely movable element and electrical means for effecting an
upward motion only and wherein gravity can effect the return
or downward motion; classification is herein. However, where
the movable member of the motor is horizontally disposed and
no energy storing means, such as a spring or compressible gas
chamber, is provided to return the member after actuated by
electric means (which are effective in one direction only),
classification is not herein, but is classified as "linear
motor" system or as an electromagnet with armature.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14 for reciprocating or oscillating motors combined with
motion-converting mechanisms. (For example, the combination
of a reciprocating electric motor supply and/or control
system combined with means for converting the reciprocatory
motion of the motor to a rotary motion will be found in
subclass 14).
21 for this subject matter where the motor system is a
follow-up system having a reciprocating or oscillating
motor.
35 for this subject matter where the motor system has the
combination of an oscillating or reciprocating motor and
another motor having a different type of motor (e.g.,
combination of a reciprocating and a rotary motor).
37 for this subject matter where the system includes a
plurality of reciprocating or oscillating motors.
116 for this subject matter where the motor is a
magneto-striction type of motor in which periodic
magnetization of the core part effects periodic dimensional
changes in the core part thus resulting in reciprocating
motion of the core part.
135 for motor systems having a linear-movement motor.
159 for motor system which has the rotor element biased
against rotation by virtue of which the rotor element is
returned when the motor is deenergized or the energization is
reduced. 281+, see (3) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses
for reciprocating and oscillating type expansible chamber
motors.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, subclasses 1-3 and 18+
and 198+ for internal combustion engines of the reciprocating
type.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 15
for reciprocating electric motor structure, per se, and
subclass 36 for oscillating electric motor structure, per
se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 3 for
reciprocating and/or oscillating generator systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 220 for electromagnets with
armatures.
416, Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers), subclass 64
for impellers of the reciprocating type and subclass 79 for
impellers of the oscillating type.
Subclass:
120
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter
in which means are provided for stopping the motor after it
has made a predetermined number of reciprocations or cycles.
(1) Note. For example, a reciprocating motor which when
started operates to make one reciprocation, stroke or cycle
and stops, is classified herein.
(2) Note. Where the stopping is effected by mechanical
stopping means, such as brake, stop means, classification is
not in this class but in some other appropriate class. Note
Class 192, subclasses 116.5+.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
463 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having automatic stopping of rotary motors
after a predetermined degree of movement of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 116, see (2)
Note above.
Subclass:
121
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter
in which means are provided for producing a magnetic field of
force in the motor, which field (or the resultant of the
component elements thereof) is caused to occupy a succession
of positions in the path or direction of travel of the
reciprocable member of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 for motor systems having linear-movement motors with
means for producing progressing or travelling field.
148 for induction and synchronous motors supplied by
controlled generators.
195 for motor systems having an induction motor with means
for producing a travelling magnetic field.
700 for motor systems having a synchronous motor with means
for producing a travelling magnetic field.
Subclass:
122
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter
in which the motor is provided with two or more energizing
windings one or more of which are different structurally, or
energized or controlled differently than one or more others
of the windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for this subject matter where the system includes two or
more windings for producing a travelling or progressive
magnetic motor field flux.
495 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for other motor control systems in which the motor has two or
more energizing windings.
Subclass:
123
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter
in which there is either a polyphase alternating current
supply, or two or more sources of supply, one or more of
which are different or differently controlled than one or
more others of the sources, connected to supply energy to the
two or more of the motor windings.
(1) Note. All the phases or sources of supply may be
connected to each of the several windings, or one or more of
the sources or phases may be connected to one or more of the
windings and one or more others of the sources or phases may
be connected to one or more others of the windings. The
several sources or phases may be connected simultaneously or
at different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
495 and the Search Notes thereto, for plural motor systems
having winding motors with plural sources therefor.
500 and the Search Notes thereto, for motor systems having
plural sources of supply for a single motor having a single
armature or primary winding.
Subclass:
124
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter
in which at least one of the sources is a unidirectional
current source (including pulsating DC current) and at least
one other of the sources is an alternating (i.e., reversing
polarity) current source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
441 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for other motor systems having AC, and DC sources of supply
for the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 22 for plural load circuit systems supplied either
from an AC of DC source, and subclasses 43+ for systems
having a plurality of supply circuits or sources which may be
AC or DC.
Subclass:
125
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This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter
in which one or more unidirectionally conductive devices are
connected in the energizing circuit of one or more of the
windings.
(1) Note. Systems where the unidirectionally conductive
devices are connected in series with or in shunt to the
windings are included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 and the Search Notes thereto for other motor systems
having space-discharge devices in the circuits thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, subclass 111 and
125+ for rectifying systems including unidirectionally
conductive devices.
Subclass:
126
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This subclass is indented under subclass 119. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the electric
circuit which supplies the electric energy to the energizing
winding of the motor.
(1) Note. The control of the electric circuit includes (1)
control of the immediate circuit to the windings (as, for
example, opening and closing the circuit, controlling a
space-discharge device or an impedance connected in series
with the circuit and the motor winding, or introducing an
aiding or opposing source of e.m.f. in the circuit in
addition to the main or prime source of e.m.f.) and also (2)
control of the source of energy which supplies the energizing
current to the motor (as, for example, controlling the energy
input to the source, as by controlling a prime mover which
drives a generator, or by controlling the electrical input to
an electrical converter).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for generator fed motor systems wherein the motor is
controlled by controlling the generator.
494 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems wherein the armature or primary
circuit thereto is provided with control means.
521 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems where in the field or secondary
circuit thereto is provided with control means.
Subclass:
127
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This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
wherein automatic means are provided so that the energizing
winding is controlled in response to the position, movement,
limit of travel, amplitude or rate of change of movement of
the motor or the device actuated thereby; or in response to
the noise, sound or mechanical vibrations produced by the
motor parts or by the motor actuated device; magnitude of
energizing current or occurrences of pulses in the energizing
circuit.
(1) Note. This is a limited automatic subclass and does not
include sensing means responsive to any but the above
specified conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems having automatic control responsive to
predetermined conditions in general.
Subclass:
128
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This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to noise, sound, or
mechanical vibrations of or emanating from the motor being
controlled or the device actuated by the motor, or responds
to the amplitude or magnitude or the rate of movement of, or
the limit-of-travel or other position of the motor being
controlled or the device actuated by the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
For other motor systems having automatic control in
response to the particular conditions enumerated in the
definition above, search the following subclasses and the
pertinent subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto.
452 for plural diverse conditions.
456 for rate-of-change of a condition.
460 for noise, sound, or mechanical vibrations.
461 for speed or rate of movement of motor or other body.
466 for movement, position, or limit-of-travel of motor or
other device or body.
Subclass:
129
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This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
in which means are provided for producing a succession of
electrical pulses in the energizing circuit of the winding,
the periodicity of the pulses being such that the motor to
which the pulses are supplied is maintained in substantially
continuous motion by the succession of pulses.
(1) Note. A mere means for producing electric pulses (i.e.,
there being no details of structure of the means or any
details of relationship between the means and the motor to
which the pulses are supplied--other than the mere connection
thereto) is insufficient basis for classification herein.
For example, recitation by name only of the means for
producing periodic pulses such as "an a-c source", a "source
of pulsations", an "oscillator", etc., does not constitute a
means for producing periodic pulses which is classifiable
herein.
(2) Note. Where the means for producing the pulses may or
may not produce the succession of pulses, classification is
not herein. For example, a manually operated circuit
interrupter in the supply circuit to the motor may be
operated to produce a single pulse or a succession of pulses
depending on the will of the operator and is not classifiable
herein. Likewise, a circuit interrupter which closes the
circuit in response to a condition (such as temperature or
pressure) which condition may sometimes vary to cause the
circuit to be periodically interrupted, is not classified
herein. However, in the latter case, if the condition
response means causes electrical pulses from a source of
pulsating current to be supplied to the winding, such a
system would be classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 for systems under subclass 119 which include means for
periodically energizing one or more windings of a plural
winding motor.
127 for this subject matter where the system includes means
responsive to predetermined conditions in or of the motor for
controlling the motor, including controlling the application
or the periodicity of pulses to the motor.
503 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for other motor control systems in which periodic pulses are
supplied to the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 96
for circuit interrupting systems for regulating the average
value of current flowing through an electrical circuit, and
subclass 132 for intermittent circuit interruption systems,
such as "flashing systems", of general application.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 69 for systems
wherein a generator field circuit is interrupted to regulate
the field current.
Subclass:
130
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This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Subject matter
in which the means for producing the periodic pulses comprise
either an electrical self-oscillating circuit or a condenser
changing and/or discharging circuit.
(1) Note. Where the condenser changing and/or discharging
is merely an adjunct to the system of supply such as a filter
means, for example; and does not operate to have a
substantial effect in determining the rate which the pulses
are supplied to the motor, classification is not herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 108 for systems wherein a condenser is charged and
discharged to produce a series of pulses.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, 166 for a system for charging or discharging a
capacitor.
331, Oscillators, appropriate subclasses, for self-sustained
electric wave generators, per se, particularly 111, 129+ and
143+ for relaxation oscillators utilizing an RC time constant
network to determine the period of oscillation.
Subclass:
131
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This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Subject matter
in which the means for producing the periodic pulses includes
a device of means which is actuated or controlled by a motor,
or escapement device to control the periodicity of the
pulses.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 1.5 for
escapements, per se, of general application.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, subclass 5,
31, and 38 for escapement controlled spring and weight
motors.
Subclass:
132
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This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
in which the means for controlling the energizing circuit of
the motor includes a space-discharge device or an
unidirectionally-conductive device connected in series with
or in shunt to the energizing winding of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
125 for this subject matter where the motor has plural
windings.
505 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for other motor control systems having
space-discharge devices in the armature or primary circuit of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 518 for miscellaneous electron
discharge device control circuits.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, subclass 111 and
125+ for rectifying systems including space discharge devices
and other unidirectionally conductive devices.
Subclass:
133
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This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
in which the control means comprises one or more impedance
devices in series and/or in shunt to the motor windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 for this subject matter where the impedance device is a
space-discharge or unidirectionally conductive device.
508 and subclasses specified in the search notes appended
thereto, for other motor control systems wherein impedance
devices are employed in the energizing circuit of an electric
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 364-370 for miscellaneous impedance systems.
Subclass:
134
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This subclass is indented under subclass 126. Subject matter
in which the control means comprise circuit making and/or
breaking devices in series with the energizing circuit of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
129 for this subject matter where the system includes
circuit making and/or breaking devices combined with means
for periodically actuating them.
519 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
appended thereto, for other motor control systems having
circuit making and/or breaking means in the armature or
primary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electric Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 112
for searching systems.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 1 for
safety systems using circuit breakers, and subclass 139+ for
relay and electromagnetic switch circuits.
Subclass:
135
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is linear movement type of
electric motor.
(1) Note. See Linear Movement Motors, of the class
definition for a definition of a linear movement motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
22 for linear-movement motors in follow-up systems.
35 for linear-movement motor combined with another electric
motor having a different type (e.g., rotary) of movement.
38 for plural linear-movement motor systems.
115 for motor systems which have single motors having
diverse types of motion, including linear movement.
119 for reciprocating or oscillating type motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
104, Railways, subclass 282 and 290+ for a railway vehicle
and track claimed in combination with a linear propulsion
motor and control system therefor.
124, Mechanical Guns and Projectors, subclass 3 for
electromagnetic guns and projectors.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 12
for structural details of linear motors, per se.
Subclass:
136
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means, other than the motor being
controlled and its electrical circuits, are provided for
producing a mechanical turning effort to the rotor element of
the motor during the starting and/or the accelerating period
of operation of the motor, and which means is deenergized,
disconnected, or otherwise incapacitated to assist in
actuating the motor under running-speed conditions.
(1) Note. This subclass is designed to include those
devices which are employed to start an electric motor which
is inherently not-self-starting and also to include those
which assist the motor in attaining running speed conditions
in order to reduce the heavy demand of electric current
required to bring a motor up to running speed when operating
without starting assistance. The device must be distinct from
the motor and produce a turning effort independently of the
magnetic turning effort produced by the motor itself. The
device can be structurally united with motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for motor systems which have an electric motor combined
with a nonmotor driving means.
45 for electric motor systems having plural motor
mechanically connected or coupled in a fixed predetermined
ratio of movement during normal running periods.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 6 for mechanical devices,
per se, for starting engines in general.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 53 for
expansible chamber motors of the engine rotating or starting
type.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 179.1, for starting devices
for internal combustion engines.
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, 10, 18+, 22+, 27, 28, 30,
31+, 36+, 38, 46, 47, and 48 for dynamo-electric machines
used as starting motors for prime-mover dynamo plants.
Subclass:
137
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This subclass is indented under subclass 136. Subject matter
in which the auxiliary means comprises a motor.
(1) Note. See Search Notes for subclass 136 above.
Subclass:
138
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which space discharge devices are connected
in the armature or primary circuit of the motor and are
connected so as to effect the commutation of the motor.
(1) Note. The interposition of an induction transformer or
other electric converter between the space discharge devices
and the armature of the motor does not prevent classification
herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
323 and subclasses specified in the notes for sequentially
operated gas or vapor filled space discharge devices
systems.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 518 for miscellaneous electron
discharge device control circuits.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 166 for electronic
tube frequency converter systems.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, art collections
913+ for other motor control systems utilizing space
discharge devices in the control circuitry.
Subclass:
139
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the armature or primary circuit of an
electric motor is supplied by electric energy from one or
more primary or secondary electric batteries which constitute
the only source of supply for the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 for motor systems where there are plural sources of
electric energy for the armature or primary circuit which
include nonbattery sources.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for charging or discharging
a battery.
Subclass:
140
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which an electric generator is provided for
supplying electric energy to the armature or primary circuit
of an electric motor and in which means are also provided for
controlling the generator to thereby control the operation of
the electric motor.
(1) Note. An "electric generator" includes any means for
converting nonelectrical energy into electrical energy. Thus
it includes photo-electric and thermoelectric generators,
primary or secondary batteries, etc.
(2) Note. Where more than one generator is provided to
supply the energy, means must be provided for controlling
each generator. See subclasses 440+ where no means are
provided for controlling one of the generators.
(3) Note. Where the only generator control means comprises
means connected in the circuit between the generator
terminals and the motor terminals, classification is not in
this or its indented subclasses but in some other appropriate
subclass in the class.
(4) Note. Mere inherent regulation of the generator (i.e.,
regulation of the output of the generator resulting merely
from structural features of the generator) is not sufficient
basis for classification herein except in those instances
where the regulation functions to substantially vary the
operation of the motor. Thus a flat-compounded generator
operates to produce a substantially constant output voltage
with varying load and, hence, performs or produces no
regulating function on the motor other than would any
constant voltage source. Likewise, the proportion of parts
and airgaps, degree of excitation, resistance of the several
conductive elements of the generator, etc., are instrumental
in determining the operating characteristics of the generator
and generally tend toward generator operating characteristics
which have no particular effect on the operation of the motor
supplied thereby other than to supply a source of energy, the
voltage variation of which is not substantially
disadvantageous. However, a series-generator, or a decidedly
over-compounded or a decidedly under-compounded generator, or
one with a differentially wound series field exciting winding
may have operating characteristics which very materially
varies the operation of the motor with changes in motor load.
This type of regulation is considered sufficient basis for
classification herein. Any control or regulating means for
maintaining constant current or power output from the
generator with a varying motor load, by generator control, is
sufficient basis for classification herein.
(5) Note. Means for "controlling the generator" include
means for varying the speed of the generator by controlling
the driving means therefor, or for adjusting the structure of
the generator.
(6) Note. Means for controlling excitation of AC generator
(supplying energy to primary circuit of synchronous motor) in
response to motor primary circuit current to control pullout
torque or to "stiffen the coupling between the generator and
motor" is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 for this subject matter for motor systems having
electric batteries for supplying electric energy to the
motor.
440 see Note 2 above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, for generator
control of general application. The appropriate subclass or
subclasses would depend on the particular generator control
involved.
Subclass:
141
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which means are provided for automatically controlling the
generator in response to a predetermined condition, or in
which time-delay means are provided for retarding or delaying
the operation of the generator control means, whether
initiated manually or otherwise.
(1) Note. The condition need not be one that exists in,
about or pertaining to the motor or generator of the system.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other automatic control systems for electric motors, and for
other motor control systems which include a time-delay means
for the control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, subclasses 1-44 for
prime-mover generator plants in which the generator may be
automatically controlled in response to some predetermined
condition.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for a battery charging
system supplied by a generator source.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 17 for
automatic control of generators in general.
Subclass:
142
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This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
in which means are provided for automatically controlling the
generator in response to two or more diverse conditions, or
for automatically controlling the generator in response to
one condition and with means for introducing a time-delay in
the operation of the generator control.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are systems in which
the only time delay means operates to delay the operation of
the means responsive to the condition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
452 and the classes specified in the Search Notes thereto,
for other motor control systems having the motor controlled
in response to plural conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 18 for
automatic generator control with time delay; subclasses 22+
for automatic generator control in response to plural
conditions.
Subclass:
143
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This subclass is indented under subclass 142. Subject matter
in which two or more of the conditions comprise electrical
conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
454 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for other motor control systems having the motor
controlled in response to plural electrical conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 24 for
automatic generator control in response to plural electrical
conditions.
Subclass:
144
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This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the generator in
response to the magnitude or rate of change of magnitude of
the current in the armature or primary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
458 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to the rate
of change of an electrical condition.
474 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to the
current in the armature or primary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 27 for
automatic generator control in response to generator armature
current.
Subclass:
145
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This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the generator in
response to the magnitude or the rate of change of magnitude
of the terminal voltage or the counter electromotive force of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
458 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to the
rate-of-change of an electrical condition.
459 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to the
terminal or counter electromotive force of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 19 for
generator control systems responsive to rate-of-change of an
electrical condition; subclass 29 for automatic generator
control in response to generator voltage.
Subclass:
146
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This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the generator in
response to the speed of the motor or a device driven
thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 for this subject matter where the generator control is
responsive to the terminal voltage or c.e.m.f. of the motor,
which may vary with the speed of the motor.
461 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to the speed
of the motor or of other devices.
Subclass:
147
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This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the generator in
response to the speed of the generator or the frequency of
the voltage or current generated thereby, or in response to
the speed of the generator driving means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 for motor control systems which are responsive to the
terminal voltage or the c.e.m.f. of the motor which may
correspond with the armature circuit voltage of the generator
and hence to the speed of the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 29 for
automatic generator control in response to the speed or
frequency of the generator.
Subclass:
148
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which the motor is an alternating current motor (i.e., a
motor which operates when the armature or primary circuit is
supplied with alternating current) and in which the generator
supplies an alternating current to the armature or primary
circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 for other alternating current commutating motor
systems.
700 for other synchronous motor systems. 725+ for other
repulsion motor systems. 727+ for other induction motor
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 159
for structural details of alternating current motors, per
se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for alternating current generator control systems.
In Class 322 classification is not determined by whether the
generator output is AC or DC and the appropriate subclass
would depend on the particular control or response of the
generator.
Subclass:
149
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which there are two or more generators which supply the
armature or primary circuits of the electric motor, in which
one or more of the generators are structurally different or
are controlled differently (e.g., with respect to time,
degree or magnitude, etc.) than one or more others of the
generators, and in which means are provided for controlling a
plurality of generators.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto; for
motor systems having plural sources of supply for the
armature or primary circuit of electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 72
for plural generators or sources, having unlike electrical
characteristics, which supply a common load circuit.
Subclass:
150
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which a flywheel or other massive body is mounted for
rotation with the rotor of either the generator or the
motor.
(1) Note. Where the rotor, per se, of the generator or of
the motor is specifically limited to being massive,
classification is herein. Also where the flywheel or other
massive body is mounted other than directly on the shaft of
the rotor of the generator or motor but is mechanically
connected in driving relation to the rotor, classification is
herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems wherein the motor has a flywheel or other
massive rotary member.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 572 for details of
structure of flywheels and rotors, per se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 4 for
generator systems where the generator is provided with
flywheels or massive moving parts.
Subclass:
151
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the electric
circuit which extends from the generator armature to the
motor armature and additional means are provided for
controlling the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 for this subject matter where the system is a
battery-fed motor systems having control of the battery and
the circuit therefrom to the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
appropriate subclasses for control of electrical transmission
lines either with or without control of the supply or load
connected thereto.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for battery charging or
discharging from a regulated source.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 7 for combined
control of generator and load circuit.
Subclass:
152
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This subclass is indented under subclass 151. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for controlling the motor,
which means is in addition to the control of the supply
circuit extending to the primary circuit of the motor and the
control of the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
491 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having combined motor circuit and
motor structure control.
493 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having combined armature or
primary circuit and field or secondary circuit controls.
Subclass:
153
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the generator and
additional means are provided for controlling the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
139 for the subject matter where the system includes a
battery-fed motor and both the battery and the motor are
controlled.
152 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for the combined control of the generator, the transmission
circuit to the motor, and of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, for combined control of
nonelectric prime-mover and the generator driven thereby,
which generators may supply electric motors.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 14 for combined
control of the generator and the driving means therefor.
Subclass:
154
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter
in which the control means effect control of the field or
secondary circuit of both the generator and of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
motor field or secondary circuit control in motor control
systems in general.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 59 for
generator field circuit control.
Subclass:
156
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which two or more distinct means are provided for
controlling the generator, one or more of which control means
are different structurally or are controlled differently
(e.g., at different times, different degree or magnitude of
control, etc.) than one or more others of the control means.
(1) Note. Means for controlling the generator driving means
so as to vary the generator speed is considered a "generator
control means."
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 45 for
combined diverse generator controls.
Subclass:
157
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This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the speed of the
generator by controlling the driving means therefor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
700 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for controlling the speed of the generator combined with
other control means for the generator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, for variable speed
nonelectric prime movers which drive generators.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 14 for combined
control of generator and driving means; subclasses 29+ for
automatic control of generator or driving means control in
response to speed or frequency of the generator; subclasses
38+ for generator driving means control; subclasses 40+ for
power transmitting mechanism control.
Subclass:
158
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field circuit
of the generator.
(1) Note. Providing the generator with plural, diverse or
diversely arranged, field windings, or providing means for
varying the active length (such as by tapping) of the field
winding are included in field circuit control, when such are
such as to substantially modify the operation of the electric
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
154 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for the combined control of the generator field and the motor
field.
156 for motor circuits under subclass 140 having field
circuit control combined with other control means for the
generator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, 59 for
generator field circuit control in general.
Subclass:
159
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor comprises a rotatable power
output element (rotor) combined with means for exerting a
torque in opposition to and simultaneously with the motor
torque.
(1) Note. Examples of means for producing the opposing
torque which are included in this subclass: elastic or
spring devices interconnecting the rotor and stationary part
of the motor; a pulley or drum mounted on the rotor with a
weighted flexible member attached thereto and adapted to
rotate the rotor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for motor systems having nonelectric means for actuating a
load device in addition to an electric motor as an actuator.
45 see Note 2 above.
119 for reciprocating motor systems in which the
reciprocating element may be biassed by gravity or by
force-producing means in one direction of actuating and
electrically in the other direction of actuation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
251, Valves and Valve Actuation, subclass 129.01 for valves
with electrical actuators.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 15 for
reciprocating electrical motors having a biassing means
present.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 131 for
electrically driven or actuated meter movements having
biassed indicating means.
Subclass:
160
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter
in which the biassing means comprises a spring or other means
which when flexed or distorted inherently tends to reassure
its previous shape or dimension.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
267, Spring Devices, for structural details of springs, per
se.
Subclass:
161
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which a flywheel or other massive rotatable
mounted body is mounted in driving relationship with the
motor rotor or other working member in such manner that
energy transfer can take place from the motor to the flywheel
or other massive rotary member and vice versa.
(1) Note. Systems in which the rotary or other working
element, per se, of the motor is limited to being massive are
included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
45 for motor systems in which the movable working element of
one motor is mechanically interconnected with the movable
working element of another motor which may have a flywheel
effect.
150 for generator-fed motor systems which have flywheels or
other massive bodies on the rotary elements of either the
generator or the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 572 for flywheel
and rotor structures, per se.
123, Internal-Combustion Engines, 179.1 for inertia starters
for internal combustion engines in which an electric motor
may store energy in a rapidly revolving flywheel which is
then connected to the engine to start it.
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclasses .02-.098
and 116.5 for flywheels in combination with clutching means
for connecting and disconnecting the flywheel through the
clutch to the load or driven device, particularly to permit
or to cause immediate stoppage of the load or driven device
in cases of necessity.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 4 for
generators system which have generators with flywheels or
massive moving parts.
Subclass:
162
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the operation of an electric motor in accordance with a
predetermined schedule, said means comprising patterns,
templates, perforated sheets, or other shaped or treated
control devices having a configuration or design varying in
accordance with a predetermined schedule of control to which
it is desired to subject the motor. The systems included
herein are "open-loop" controls and thus are not
servomechanisms.
(1) Note. The operations of the motor may comprise plural,
diverse motor operations or variations in a single operation
such as operating the motor at a plurality of running
speeds.
(2) Note. For example merely, speed control means which are
actuated by a perforated sheet running at constant speed in
which a sensing or detecting means contacting the sheet
senses the presence of the perforations and initiates the
operation of speed control means to cause the motor to
operate at one speed when sensing device contacts unperformed
portion of the sheet and at other speeds when contacting the
perforated portions of the sheet, would be included herein.
(3) Note. For plural cams on a common shaft, each effecting
a single change in electric motor control, classification is
elsewhere in this class.
(4) Note. Where the system is a closed loop position
servomechanism, the classification is not herein,.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
543 for plural cams on a common shaft, each effecting a
single change in electric motor control,
567 for where the system is a closed loop position
servomechanism,
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 64 wherein the speed of metal
working machines is controlled by pattern, templates, etc.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 567 for cam means, per
se.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 46
for pattern sheet controlled electric switches.
901, Robots, subcollection 3 for the programming of a robot
arm.
Subclass:
163
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter
in which means are provided for automatically varying the
running speed of a motor in accordance with a predetermined
schedule means.
(1) Note. For example merely, speed control means which are
actuated by a constant speed perforated sheet or by a
constant speed cam and follower arrangement so as to cause
the motor to run at different speeds as different portions of
the perforated sheet or cam surface past a control position,
are included in this group.
Subclass:
164
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 163. Subject matter
in which means are provided for repeating a predetermined
speed schedule as a result of which the same speed-control
cycle is traversed two or more times.
Subclass:
244
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is an alternating-current
commutation motor.
(1) Note. See Alternating-Current Commutating Motor, of the
class definition for a definition of alternating current
commutator motor. Such motors are commonly referred to as a
"series a-c motors", a "universal motor", and an "a-c
commutator motor".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
43 for plural motor systems having alternating-current
commutating motors with electrical synchronizing
interconnections between the windings of the motors.
135 for linear-movement motor systems with commutating means
for progressively energizing an a-c supplied field winding of
the motor.
138 for a-c supplied motors having space-discharge devices
operating as commutating devices for the several windings of
the motor.
700 for synchronous (AC motor systems where the motor is
provided with commutators.
725 for repulsion motor systems where the motor is provided
with commutated windings.
737 and 738, for induction motor systems where the motor is
provided with a commutated winding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 173
for AC commutator motors, per se.
Subclass:
245
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 244. Subject matter
in which the motor is designed and constructed to run when
connected directly and solely to either a direct-current or
an alternating-current source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
246 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for series motor systems
having series motor provided with commutators.
Subclass:
246
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is provided with means for
causing it to operate only as a series motor for at least an
appreciable portion of its operation as a motor.
(1) Note. See Series Motor, of the class definition for a
definition of a series motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 for AC series commutated motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 158
for universal (AC or DC) motors, and subclass 177 for DC
motors.
Subclass:
247
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which means are provided for operating the motor as a
series motor, and also operating the motor as a nonseries
motor.
(1) Note. As an example, an elevator motor may be provided
with means for causing it to operate as a series motor during
the lift period, and as a shunt motor during the return
period.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 for motor systems having means for operating a motor as
a generator during dynamic braking of the motor.
Subclass:
248
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which two or more immediate sources of e.m.f. are provided
to supply electric energy to the conducting elements of a
series motor.
(1) Note. Two sources of e. m. f. connected in series
opposition in the circuit of a motor winding are included
herein. Two circuits from a single voltage divider or from
spaced sets of brushes on a single generator commutator, are
examples of sources of electro-motive-force included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
500 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for miscellaneous motor systems having plural sources of
armature circuit supply for the motor.
530 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for motor systems having plural sources of supply
for the field or secondary circuit of the electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 43
for systems having plural sources of supply of electrical
energy for a single load circuit.
Subclass:
249
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which impedance means are provided for controlling the
series motor circuits.
(1) Note. Space-discharge devices (including grid
controlled vacuum tubes and gas-filled or vapor-filled tubes)
are considered impedance devices when used to regulate the
magnitude of current flow in a circuit having a source of
electric voltage connected therein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
493 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for other motor systems controlled by means of
impedance devices in the armature and field circuits of the
motors.
508 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems controlled by means of an impedance in the
armature circuit.
533 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
motor systems controlled by means of an impedance in the
field circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 364-370 for miscellaneous impedance systems.
Subclass:
250
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This subclass is indented under subclass 249. Subject matter
in which the impedance means is connected in series with all,
or a part, of the series field winding and simultaneously
connected in parallel with part, or all of the armature
winding of the motor.
Subclass:
251
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the circuit of
the field-producing winding.
(1) Note. The mere provision of a plurality of diverse or
diversely controlled field coils is sufficient basis for
classification herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
249 for field-control of a series motor by means of
impedance devices in the field circuit.
521 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for motor systems having field circuit control means
for the motors.
Subclass:
252
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 251. Subject matter
in which the motor is provided with two or more field
windings, one or more of which are structurally different, or
connected in the motor circuit differently, or controlled
differently (e.g., with respect to time, degree or magnitude
of control, etc.) from one or more others of the windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
523 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor control systems wherein the motors have
plural field windings.
Subclass:
253
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the motor is a noncommutating
electric motor and comprises a magnetic-field producing means
combined with one or more electric conductors mounted to move
relative to and in proximity to the field-producing means,
said field-producing means being so constructed and/or
energized that the magnetic field produced thereby is, at any
instant of time, of the same polarity or direction throughout
its extent with reference to the path of travel of the
movable electric conductor or conductors.
(1) Note. The motors in this subclass are known as
"homopolar motors".
(2) Note. This subclass includes alternating current and
direct current motors.
(3) Note. In the case of direct current field energization,
the direction of the generated c.e.m.f. in the armature
conductors is always unidirectional when the conductors move
in a continuous direction.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 178
for homopolar dynamoelectric machines.
Subclass:
254
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which a rotary electric motor, of the type
in which the rotary element tends to assume a predetermined
angular position when the motor is continuously energized, is
provided with a commutator or circuit making and breaking
means which is actuated by the motor to determine the
instants of time at which the field producing winding or
windings thereof are energized and de-energized relative to
the angular position of the rotary element of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for motors systems having space-discharge devices for
commutating the current to the motor.
244 for alternating current commutating motor systems.
246 for series motor systems where the motor has
commutators.
519 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having circuit making and
breaking means in the armature or primary circuit of the
motor.
700 for synchronous motor systems where the motor has
commutators.
737 and 738, for induction motor systems where the motor has
commutators.
Subclass:
255
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for effecting or
causing two or more diverse operations of an electric motor.
(1) Note. See Definition of Motor Operation Control, of the
class definition for the various motor operations which are
included in or excluded from the list of operations
comprehended by this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 for plural motor systems having means for effecting
plural, diverse motor-operations for the motors.
201 for induction motor systems having means for effecting
plural diverse operations.
280 for motor reversing systems.
301 for motor running-speed control systems.
362 for motor braking systems.
384 for motor acceleration control systems.
432 for motor load control systems.
445 for automatic motor starting and/or stopping systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 800 and 825+ for
single motor running-speed control systems with, and without,
feedback respectively; and subclasses 842+ and 848+ for
single motor acceleration control systems with, and without,
feedback respectively.
Subclass:
256
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
in which means are included for causing an electric motor to
reverse its direction of operation.
(1) Note. For a definition of "motor-reversing", see
Reversing Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
54 for plural motor systems provided with means for
effecting plural, diverse motor-operations control, including
reversing.
280 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for motor-reversing in single
motor systems.
Subclass:
257
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
running-speed of an electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "running-speed control" see
the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for plural motor systems having means for effecting
plural motor operations including reversing and running speed
control.
268 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for effecting running speed
control and another control operation.
Subclass:
258
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also effecting braking of the
electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "braking" as applied to
electric motors, see Motor Load Control, of the class
definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for plural motor systems having means for effecting
reversing, running speed and braking operations for the
motors.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor systems having means for
effecting motor braking control and another motor operation
control.
362 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for miscellaneous motor
braking systems.
Subclass:
259
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 258. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling acceleration
of an electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
56 for plural motor systems having means for effecting
reversing, running-speed control, braking and acceleration of
the motors.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having means for effecting
acceleration control and another control operation.
Subclass:
260
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 257. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
acceleration of an electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
55 for plural motor systems having reversing, running-speed
control and acceleration control for a plurality of electric
motors.
259 for motor systems having acceleration control with
braking, running speed control and reversing of the motor.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having motor acceleration control and another
motor control.
Subclass:
261
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for effecting braking
control of the electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "braking", see Motor Load
Control, of the class definition.
(2) Note. Where braking is effected by phase reversal
(i.e., by "plugging") while the motor is running and the
application of power is terminated when motor substantially
comes to a stop, braking only is effected. If power is left
on and motor runs in reverse direction, classification is
under combined reversing and braking controls in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for plural motor systems having
braking and reversing control for the motors.
258 for motor systems having braking control and reversing
control.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having braking control and another control.
362 for miscellaneous motor systems having braking control.
Subclass:
262
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 261. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for acceleration control of
the electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
57 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having acceleration with braking and
reversing of the motors.
259 for this subject matter where the system is also
provided with means for running-speed control.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having acceleration control and another motor
operation control.
Subclass:
263
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
acceleration of the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
58 for plural motor systems having acceleration control and
reversing control.
259 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running-speed control and braking control.
260 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running-speed control.
262 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for braking control.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having acceleration control and
another motor-operation control.
384 for miscellaneous motor systems having acceleration
control.
Subclass:
264
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 256. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for automatically starting
and/or stopping the motor in response to predetermined
conditions.
(1) Note. See Automatic Starting and Stopping, of the class
definition for limitations on starting and/or stopping
controls included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for follow-up motor systems in which reversible motors
are started in one direction or the other either manually or
automatically and stops automatically after the motor runs an
amount proportional to (1) the change in position of a
transmitter or (2) the change in some condition.
54 for automatic starting and/or stopping combined with
reversing in plural motor systems.
272 for motor systems having running-speed control and
automatic starting and/or stopping control.
275 for motor systems having motor braking control and
automatic starting and/or stopping control.
277 for motor systems having acceleration control and
automatic starting and/or stopping control.
445 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having automatic starting and/or
stopping of the motor.
Subclass:
265
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 264. Subject matter
in which means are provided for effecting stopping of the
motor after it or the load device driven thereby has moved a
predetermined amount or has reached or attained a
predetermined position.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for follow-up control systems for electric motors in
which the motors are generally reversible and automatically
stop when they reach a position (angular or linear) which
corresponds to the degree of change of a transmitter.
54 for plural motor systems having reversing with automatic
starting and/or stopping including stopping upon
predetermined movement or position of a motor.
466 for miscellaneous motor systems having automatic
starting and/or stopping in response to predetermined
movement or position.
Subclass:
266
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 265. Subject matter
in which means are provided for stopping the electric motor
when it, or a load device driven thereby, substantially
reaches its limit of travel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
468 for miscellaneous motor system having limit-of-travel
stopping control
Subclass:
267
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 266. Subject matter
in which the control means for reversing and starting and/or
stopping comprise two circuits the energization of one of
which controls the starting in one direction and the
energization of the other of which effects starting in the
opposite direction and in which the arrangements are such
that, with one of the circuits energized for operation in one
direction, when the motor is automatically stopped at its
limit of travel, it cannot be started until the other circuit
is energized.
(1) Note. In the systems in this subclass, each time the
motor is stopped at the limit of travel it can only be
restarted in the reverse direction by another circuit, i.e.,
it cannot be restarted in the same direction of operation.
Subclass:
268
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for controlling the
running-speed of the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "running-speed control", see
the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
59 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having running-speed control means and
another diverse motor control means.
257 for this subject matter where the system includes motor
reversing control means.
Subclass:
269
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also effecting braking of the
electric motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "braking", see the Glossary
in the Class Definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
plural motor systems having braking control and running-speed
control.
258 for this subject matter where the system includes
running-speed control means and motor reversing control.
261 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having braking control and another motor
operation control.
362 for miscellaneous motor systems having braking control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 76
and 77 for structured combinations of an electrical motor and
a brake.
Subclass:
270
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 269. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
acceleration of the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
60 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
plural motor systems having running-speed control, braking
control and acceleration.
259 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having motor acceleration control and another
motor-operation control.
Subclass:
271
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for controlling the
acceleration of the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration", see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
61 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having running speed control and
acceleration control.
259 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control and braking control.
260 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
270 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor braking control.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having acceleration control and another motor
operation control.
Subclass:
272
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 268. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also automatically starting
and/or stopping the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "Automatic Starting and/or
Stopping" see the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 for plural motor systems having running-speed control and
automatic starting and stopping.
445 for miscellaneous motor systems having automatic
starting and/or stopping control.
Subclass:
273
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also braking the electric
motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "braking" see Motor Load
Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes thereto,
for plural motor systems having means for motor braking
control and means for effecting another motor operation.
258 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running-speed control and motor reversing control.
261 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
269 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running speed control.
362 for miscellaneous motor systems having braking control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, for braking means, per se, for general
purposes.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 76
and 77 for structured combinations of an electrical motor and
a brake.
Subclass:
274
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling acceleration
of the motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "acceleration" see
Acceleration Control, of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
63 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having braking control and acceleration
control.
259 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing and for running-speed control.
262 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
270 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running-speed control.
276 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having acceleration control and another motor
operation control.
Subclass:
275
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 273. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also automatically starting
and/or stopping the electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 for miscellaneous motor systems having automatic
starting and/or stopping control.
Subclass:
276
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 255. Subject matter
in which means are provided for also controlling the
acceleration of the motor.
(1) Note. See the Glossary of the class Definition for
"Acceleration Control".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having means for effecting acceleration
control and another motor control operation.
259 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control, running-speed control and
braking control.
260 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control and running-speed control.
262 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control and braking control.
263 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor reversing control.
270 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running speed control and braking control.
271 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for running-speed control.
274 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for motor braking control.
Subclass:
277
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 276. Subject matter
in which means are also provided for automatically effecting
the starting and/or stopping of the motor in response to one
or more predetermined conditions.
(1) Note. For limitations on the starting and/or stopping
controls included in this subclass, see the Class Definition,
Glossary, "Automatic Starting and Stopping."
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
64 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having acceleration control means and
means for effecting another control operation, such as
automatic starting and/or stopping.
445 and the miscellaneous motor systems having automatic
starting and/or stopping control.
Subclass:
278
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 277. Subject matter
in which means are provided for starting and/or stopping the
electric motor in response to one or more conditions of which
at least one is an electrical condition.
Subclass:
279
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 278. Subject matter
in which the automatic control means comprises means
responsive to an electrical condition for stopping the motor
which means, however, has been rendered inoperative or is
otherwise less responsive to the electrical condition during
the acceleration period of the motor.
(1) Note. Characteristic of the subject matter of this
subclass are those acceleration systems in which overload or
excessive-current cut-outs are provided for automatically
stopping the motor by opening the armature or primary circuit
thereof when the armature or primary current exceeds a
predetermined value during the full-speed operation of the
motor but wherein means are provided for preventing or
reducing the tendency of such cut-out to operate during the
acceleration period of such motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
447 for miscellaneous automatic electric motor control
systems in which the condition sensing means is rendered
inoperative or less responsive during particular limited
periods of operation of the motor.
Subclass:
280
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for causing an
electric motor to operate in one direction at one time and in
the opposite direction at another time, or for causing an
electric motor to operate in a direction opposite to that in
which it has previously been operating.
(1) Note. In reversing motor systems, means must be
provided for establishing an electrically produced torque in
both directions of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
10 for the combination of an electric motor and reversible
power or motion transmitting means actuated thereby.
48 for plural motor systems having the motors mechanically
coupled in torque opposition.
65 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
reversing control in plural motor systems.
119 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems in which
periodic reversal is an inherent function during normal
operation of the motor.
159 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
biassed motor systems, in which the biassing means will cause
the motor to move to a prior position when the energization
of the motor is reduced.
256 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
motor systems having reversing control means and means for
effecting another control operation.
739 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
reversal of induction motors.
Subclass:
281
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
in which means are provided for repeatedly reversing the
direction of operation of the motor in accordance with the
schedule of operation of a continuously operating
controller.
(1) Note. Means which operate to cause a motor to operate
in one direction or another depending on a change in a
condition, and in which the change may or may not occur, are
not included herein. However, reversing means actuated
repeatedly by a continuously running motor or a timing
mechanism are included. The periodicity of reversal need not
be regular, i.e., not as uniformly spaced periods of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems having
motors which periodically reverse their directions of
operation.
443 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems having periodically actuated motor
control means.
Subclass:
282
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 281. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reversing the motor in
response to a predetermined number of revolutions of or other
movement or position of the electric motor or of the load
device actuated thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
286 for means for effecting a periodic reversals of electric
motors automatically in response to the movement or position
of the motor or the device driven thereby.
461 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having the motor automatically
controlled in response to the speed or rate of movement of
the motor or device driven thereby.
466 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having the motor automatically
controlled in response to the movement, position or limit of
travel of the motor or other body or device.
Subclass:
283
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
wherein means responsive to a predetermined condition are
provided for controlling the motor reversing means or where
time delay means are provided for controlling the motor
reversing means after operation thereof has been initiated.
(1) Note. Where time delay means are provided, the control
operation may be initiated manually.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for other automatic control systems for electric
motors having the motor automatically controlled in response
to predetermined conditions and/or having time delay means
for the motor control means.
Subclass:
284
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
in which means are provided for delaying the application of
electric energy to the motor in the reverse direction for
reversing the motor until the motor has substantially stopped
or has substantially come to rest from a previous operation
in the opposite direction.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
285 for motor systems with means for initiating the reversal
of an electric motor at a particular instant of time or after
the lapse or a predetermined interval of time, or to effect
reversal thereof a predetermined time after the initiation of
the reversing control of the motor.
374 for motor braking systems wherein braking is produced by
"plugging" and the flow of energy is interrupted when the
motor speed drops to zero.
Subclass:
285
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
in which means are provided for initiating the reversal of a
motor at a particular instant of time (e.g., 8:30 A.M., 5:00
P.M.) or after the lapse or passage of a predetermined
interval of time (e.g., 4 seconds, 4 hours) or for delaying
or retarding the application of reverse power to a motor for
a predetermined interval of time after the reversing control
operation has been initiated.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
281 for this subject matter where there are periodic or
intermittent reversals in response to passage or lapse of
time.
284 for motor systems having means for delaying reversing of
the electric motor until it has substantially stopped from a
previous operation.
484 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems having time-delay means for controlling
the motor control means after operation of the control means
has been initiated.
Subclass:
286
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 283. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reversing the motor in
response to a predetermined number of revolutions or other
movement of, or to a predetermined position of, the motor or
a load device actuated thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems in which
reversal of the motor is automatically effected as the motor
approaches the end or limit of its movement in each direction
of movement.
282 for this subject matter where there is periodic or
repetitious reversal of the motor controlled in response to
movement or position of the motor or the device driven
thereby.
461 and 466, and the subclasses specified in the Notes
thereto, for other motor systems having automatic control of
the motor in response to the movement or the position of the
motor or a device driven thereby. See subclass 887 where the
control is in response to the speed or rate-of-movement of
the motor or driven device.
466 see the reference to subclass 461.
Subclass:
287
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
in which means are provided for effecting reversal of the
motor by means in the armature or primary circuit of the
motor.
(1) Note. This subclass includes armature or primary
circuit control combined with the field circuit control
and/or with motor structure control means for reversing the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
126 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems with
armature or primary circuit control of the motor.
494 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
miscellaneous motor systems having armature or primary
circuit control.
Subclass:
288
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
in which the reversal is effected by means of two or more
armature or primary winding, one or more of which are
structurally different or controlled differently from one or
more others of the windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
297 for reversing motor systems where the motor has plural,
diverse or diversely controlled, field windings.
495 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems where the motor has plural armature or
primary windings.
Subclass:
289
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
in which the motor is an alternating current motor having two
or more phase windings and in which means are provided for
reversing the time phase sequence of the currents supplied to
two or more of the phase windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems with
means for reversing the motor by phase reversal.
207 for induction motor systems with means for reversing the
motor by phase reversal.
373 for motor systems having means for braking the motors by
"plugging" which may be effected by phase reversal.
496 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems where the motor has polyphase
windings.
Subclass:
290
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 288. Subject matter
in which means are provided for selectively energizing one or
more of the armature windings without energizing one or more
others thereof to effect reversal of operation of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 for energizing two or more windings in sequence or
alternation in reciprocating or alternating motor systems.
297 for motor reversing systems where the motor is reversed
by selectively energized field windings.
495 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems where the motor has a plurality
of diversely controlled armature windings.
750 for motor systems having means for reversing the motor
by shading coils wherein one coil may be selectively operated
(closed) for one direction or operation and another operated
for a reverse direction of operation.
Subclass:
291
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 287. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reversing the direction of
current flow in the armature or primary circuit conductors of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
151 for generator-fed motor systems having means for
reversing the motor.
300 for motor systems having means reversing a motor by
reversing the field circuit current.
373 for motor systems having means for braking the motor by
"plugging" or by reversing the power applied to the motor
which includes reversing the armature current.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 127 for switching systems responsive to polarity or
reverse current flow.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 5 for
generator systems having means to control the polarity of the
generated voltage.
Subclass:
292
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter
in which means are provided for shifting the commutator
brushes to which the armature circuit is connected, or in
which means are provided for selectively using one set of
brushes at one time and using another set at another time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
541 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for miscellaneous motor control systems having motor
brush adjustment or control means.
Subclass:
293
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 291. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reversing polarity of the
current supplied to the armature or primary circuit of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for the subject matter in generator-fed motor systems.
300 for motor reversing systems where the polarity of the
field circuit current is reversed.
373 for motor braking by "plugging" wherein the armature
current polarity is reversed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 138 for polarity reversing systems for electrical
switch contacts.
Subclass:
294
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter
in which a plurality of electrical devices are provided and
connected in a Whetstone bridge arrangement, the output
circuit of which arrangement is connected to the armature
circuit of the motor.
(1) Note. For definition of Wheatstone-bridge arrangement"
see (1) Note to the definition of subclass 29.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
29 for follow-up motor systems having a Wheatstone bridge
arrangement for causing the motor to run in one direction or
the other by controlling the polarity of the motor current.
509 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
miscellaneous motor systems having a Wheatstone bridge in the
armature circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 365 for miscellaneous Wheatstone bridge
arrangements.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 169 for
wave filters of the Wheatstone bridge or lattice type.
Subclass:
295
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 293. Subject matter
in which means for providing current of reversible polarity
comprise an impedance device having one or more conductors
positionable in energy transfer relationship to the impedance
and movable therealong.
(1) Note. Typical of polarity-reversing potentiometers is a
resistor having DC input leads connected to the ends of the
resistor and two output conductors connected to the motor
armature each output conductor slidably engaging the resistor
intermediate the ends thereof, so that by sliding one of the
output conductors past the other, the polarity of the DC
current supplied to the armature circuit is reversed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 15 for voltage divider systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation, subclass 364
for miscellaneous resistance systems.
338, Electrical Resistors, subclass 68 for mechanically
variable electrical resistors, per se, such as rheostats and
potentiometers.
Subclass:
296
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 280. Subject matter
in which means are provided for effecting reversal of the
motor by means in the field circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having motor field circuit
control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 104 for systems containing electromagnets or other
highly inductive devices.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 180
for structure of the field windings.
Subclass:
297
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
in which the motor is provided with two or more
field-producing windings one or more of which is structurally
different, differently connected, or controlled differently
than one or more others of the windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
523 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems in which a motor has two or more
field windings.
Subclass:
298
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 297. Subject matter
in which means are provided for energizing all of the field
windings at the same time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 particularly 524 to 527 and the subclasses specified in
the Notes thereto, for miscellaneous control systems for
motors having two or more field windings which are
simultaneously energized.
Subclass:
299
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 298. Subject matter
in which means are provided for establishing an electrical
path of negligible impedance across the terminals of one of
the field producing windings so that said winding becomes
substantially de-energized when the electrical path is
closed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
528 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems wherein one or more windings of a
plural field windings motor are short circuited.
Subclass:
300
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 296. Subject matter
in which means are provided for reversing the flow of current
in the motor field producing winding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
293 for motor systems having means for reversing the motor
by reversing the current in the armature or primary circuit
thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 127 for switching systems responsive to polarity or
reverse current.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 6 for
generator systems having means to control the polarity by
controlling the generator excitation.
Subclass:
362
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for braking the
motor.
(1) Note. For definition of motor braking control, see
Class Definition, Glossary, "Motor Load Control"
(2) Note. Whenever the motor is braked by "plugging" (i.e.,
by power reversal while motor is running) and energization is
continued so that motor operates in the reverse direction,
classification is in combination reversing and braking. See
subclass 261.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
86 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
plural motor systems having braking control.
159 for motor systems where the motor has means (e.g.,
springs) for biassing the motor against rotation.
161 for motor systems where the motor has a fly-wheel or
other massive rotary member for retarding an increase in
speed of the motor.
273 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having braking control and another
motor-operation control.
703 for braking means in synchronous motor systems.
757 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
braking means in induction motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous braking
devices in general. See the class definition of Class 318
for the line between Class 188 and 318.
303, Fluid-Pressure and Analogous Brake System, for
miscellaneous fluid pressure brake systems. See the
reference to Class 303 in the Notes to the class definition
of Class 318 for the line between Class 303 and Class 318.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 76
and 77 for structured combinations of an electrical motor and
a brake.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, art collection 932
for other single motor running-speed control systems wherein
means are provided for braking the motor while still
electrically energized for operation in the same direction in
which the motor operated prior to the braking.
477, Interrelated Power Delivery Controls, Including Engine
Control, for interrelated control between a motor and a
transmission, clutch, or brake. See the notes in Motor
Systems and Power, Motion, for the line.
Subclass:
363
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the back voltage
or counter-electro-motive-force of the motor while the motor
is in motion and its armature or primary circuit is
disconnected from its power source so that if or when the
motor is reconnected to its source of power, a surge of
current flow from the motor to the source will not take
place, thus avoiding excessive or undesirable braking action
at the time of reconnection to the source.
Subclass:
364
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which means are provided for sensing the existence of a
predetermined condition which sensing means in turn initiates
the operation of means for controlling the braking of the
motor, or where time delay means are provided for controlling
the motor braking means after the operation has been
initiated.
(1) Note. Where time delay means are provided, the control
operation may be initiated manually.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor control systems which operate in response
to predetermined conditions and/or with time delay means.
Subclass:
365
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter
in which sensing means are provided which respond to two or
more conditions which are diverse in kind (e.g., temperature,
voltage, current, etc.), or which respond to different
characteristics (e.g., magnitude and rate-of-change of a
condition) of a single condition, or which respond to one or
more conditions in combination with means for effecting a
predetermined time delay in the functioning of the braking
means after the operation thereof has been initiated manually
or otherwise.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
452 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems which are responsive to plural
diverse conditions and/or to a single condition and which are
also provided with time delay means for the control
operation.
Subclass:
366
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 364. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to a condition in
or of the motor being braked or a device actuated by the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
449 through 477, inclusive, and the subclasses specified in
the Notes thereto, for other motor control systems responsive
to conditions in or of the motor being controlled or in or of
the device actuated thereby.
Subclass:
367
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 366. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the magnitude or
the rate-of-change of the magnitude of the electric current
in the armature or primary circuit of the motor being
braked.
(1) Note. Where the sensing means comprises a relay which
is responsive to the terminal voltage of the electric motor
(i.e., connected to shunt to the motor armature circuit) such
sensing means is treated as being responsive to the terminal
or c.e.m.f. voltage of the motor and not to the armature
current thereof, and is classified in subclass 368.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
368 see (1) Note above.
474 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems responsive to the armature or
primary current of the motor being controlled.
Subclass:
368
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 366. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to the magnitude
of, or the rate-of-change of the magnitude of the terminal
voltage or the counter-electromotive-force of the motor being
braked.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
459 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for other motor control systems which are responsive
to the terminal voltage or counter-electromotive-force of the
motor being controlled.
Subclass:
369
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 366. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to the speed (or
rate-of-change thereof) degree or amount of movement, or the
position (angular or linear) of the motor or device driven
thereby.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
456 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having automatic control means
responsive to the rate-of-change of a condition.
460 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems having automatic control means
responsive to sound, supersonic vibration or mechanical
vibration.
461 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems with automatic control means
responsive to the speed or rate-of-movement of a body.
466 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
miscellaneous motor systems with automatic control means
responsive to the movement, position or limit of travel of
the motor or a device driven by the motor.
Subclass:
370
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which two or more braking means are provided, one or more
of which braking means are structurally different, or are
differently controlled or are controlled by structurally
different means than one or more others of the braking
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188 Brakes, appropriate subclasses, particularly noting
subclasses 4, 35, 64, 65.3, 68, 79, 105, 143, 156, and 204
for plural brake systems of general applications.
Subclass:
371
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 370. Subject matter
in which the plural braking means includes friction braking
means combined with "plugging" and/or with dynamic braking.
(1) Note. For definition of "friction", "plugging", and
"dynamic" braking, see definitions of subclasses 372, 373 and
375, respectively.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
372 for motor braking systems of the friction brake type.
373 for motor braking systems of the "plugging" or
application of reverse power to the motor type.
375 for dynamic motor braking systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses, for the combination of
diverse types of braking devices in general. Particularly
note subclass 159 wherein one form of braking means is
actuated by current from a motor (acting as a generator)
which also brakes by virtue of its dynamic action.
Subclass:
372
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which the braking means comprises a frictional contact
surface adapted to engage a cooperating frictional surface
which is connected to or is a part of the movable output
element of the motor being braked.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
370 for this subject matter where the system includes
frictional braking means and another type of braking means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, appropriate subclasses, for the structure of
friction braking means, per se.
Subclass:
373
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which means are provided for applying electric energy to
an electric motor in such a direction or manner that a torque
or force is developed in the motor as a result of such
energization which torque or force opposes the tendency of
the motor to continue in motion if in motion, or to move if
not in motion.
(1) Note. This subclass includes those motor control
systems in which the flow of energy to the motor is reversed
while the motor is still in motion, or in which the motor is
energized in a direction to hold the motor stationary or
motionless when the motor is urged to move, while not
energized.
(2) Note. Where the application of reverse power is
continued after the forward motion of the motor has been
reduced to zero so that the motor operates a substantial
amount in the reverse direction, classification is not
herein, but under combined reversing and braking controls in
preceding subclasses. Note particularly subclass 261.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
210 for braking of induction motors by phase-reversal (i.e.,
by plugging).
261 and the subclass specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having braking by application of reverse power
combined with continued reverse energization with consequent
reverse operation of the motor. See (2) Note above.
280 and the Search Notes thereto, for motor systems having
means for reversing the application of power to a motor for
effecting a substantial operation of the motor in the reverse
direction (Motor-reversing control).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 61 for electric
controls for electric-motor driven locomotives that may
involve "plugging" or application of reverse power for
braking purposes.
Subclass:
374
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 373. Subject matter
in which means are provided for interrupting the flow of
energy to the motor substantially at the time that the motor
speed is reduced to zero.
(1) Note. The termination of the flow of electric energy to
an electric motor as the motor speed substantially reaches
zero is considered part of the operation of braking and not
another motor control operation, such as automatic stopping
of the motor; and hence, such systems are not considered
combined braking and automatic stopping systems but rather
merely a braking system, per se.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
461 for motor systems having automatic control means for
merely stopping the motor when the speed of the motor falls
below a predetermined value.
519 for motor systems having an armature or primary circuit
making and/or braking device for stopping the motor.
Subclass:
375
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which the motor to be controlled is braked as a result of
the motor being converted into an electric generator, which
supplies electric energy to an electric circuit.
(1) Note. An electric motor to be controlled can be
converted into an electric generator (1) merely as a result
of change in the operating conditions (such as mere change in
speed of the motor so that its c.e.m.f. exceeds the applied
voltage), (2) by appropriately changing the electric circuits
of the motor, or (3) by properly changing the circuit
constants in existing motor circuits so that the c.e.m.f.
generated by the motor exceeds any value of voltage applied
to the motor. An electric motor is converted to a braking
generator whenever the generated e.m.f. within the motor
exceeds in magnitude the opposing potentials, if any, that
are applied to the motor and whenever the generating circuit
is simultaneously connected to a closed electric circuit.
The "closed electric circuit" may comprise a low resistance
(dead) short circuit, a useful-load circuit (including the
circuit which supplies the electric energy to the motor
during motoring operation) or a purely resistive
(dissipating) circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
87 for dynamic braking of two or more electric motors.
373 for miscellaneous systems for "plugging" (application of
reverse power) an electric motor.
759 for dynamic braking of an induction motor.
763 for "plugging" (application of reverse power) of an
induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
105, Railway Rolling Stock, subclass 49 (particularly noting
subclass 61) for dynamic braking of electric locomotives.
180, Motor Vehicles, subclass 65 for vehicles having
electric motors to supply the motive power and wherein
dynamic braking may be effected to retard the vehicle.
188, Brakes, subclass 159 for electric operators for braking
devices in which the operator therefor is energized by motors
operating as generators.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 93
for dynamoelectric brakes.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, for generation
systems, per se, and the controls therefor.
Subclass:
376
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This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
in which means are provided for returning or delivering the
electrical energy generated in the motor while operating as a
generator to the circuit which supplies the electric energy
to the motor when operating as a motor.
(1) Note. This type of braking is commonly referred to as
"regenerative" to "recuperative" braking.
Subclass:
377
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This subclass is indented under subclass 376. Subject matter
in which means are provided for producing a voltage
comprising means other than that which constitutes the source
of armature or primary circuit voltage for the motor when
operating as a motor and other than the motor itself when
operating as a generator during braking.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
89 for braking in plural motor systems wherein one or more
motors are converted into generators for supplying exciting
current to other motors operating as generators.
Subclass:
378
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This subclass is indented under subclass 377. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the additional
source of e.m.f. in series with the armature or primary
circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
440 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems in which two or more diverse
sources of supply are used for electric motors.
500 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems in which two or more electrical
sources of supply are connected electrically in series with
each other and in series with the armature or primary winding
of the motor.
Subclass:
379
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This subclass is indented under subclass 375. Subject matter
in which means are provided for immediately connecting the
terminals of the generating circuit of the motor through an
electrical circuit, with or without additional control or
dissipative devices in the last named circuit.
(1) Note. Where the motor is connected to supply energy to
a distribution circuit adapted to supply various and sundry
electrical devices and appliances at remote or indefinite
points, classification is not herein. See Class 307,
Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclass
11.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 11, see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
380
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This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter
in which impedance devices or other current-controlling
devices are connected in the locally closed circuit.
(1) Note. Where the "other current-controlling device" is a
useful electric load device for performing some useful
purpose other than as a mere current-controlling device,
classification is not herein. For example, where the load
device is a light generating device used for illumination
purposes or is a secondary battery in which energy is stored
indefinitely for any purpose, classification is not herein.
See Class 307, electrical Transmission or Interconnection
Systems, subclass 11.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
508 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems wherein impedance devices are
connected in the armature or primary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 11, see (1) Note above.
Subclass:
381
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This subclass is indented under subclass 379. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the field or
secondary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
493 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor control systems having both armature circuit
control and field circuit control.
521 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for other motor control systems having field or
secondary circuit control.
Subclass:
382
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This subclass is indented under subclass 362. Subject matter
in which the braking means comprise (1) an electric generator
connected to be driven by the motor for the purpose of
braking the motor or (2) Magnetic-Flux-producing means which
operate directly through the agency of the flux, per se, to
oppose, by magnetic repulsion or by magnetic attraction, the
tendency of the motor to continue in motion, if in motion, or
to move if not in motion.
(1) Note. Magnetic operators for other types of brakes
(e.g., friction, fluid, etc.) are not included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 for systems wherein the motor itself is converted into
an electric generator to operate as a braking means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 104 for means for braking devices in
general by means of generators or other magnetic devices.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 39 and
the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for generator
systems having a motor driven generator.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, art collection 931
for single motor running-speed control systems wherein a
generator is driven by the motor, while the motor is
electrically energized, which generator acts as a retarding
or braking means to affect the running-speed of the motor.
Subclass:
383
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for preventing
braking of an electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
362 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
means for merely applying or removing the brakes (brake
operators) from electric motors, and see indented
subclasses.
364 and 365, for motor braking systems having means for
merely delaying the application of braking to an electric
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclasses 105-189 for brake operators, per
se.
Subclass:
430
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the mechanical load actuated by the motor or for controlling
the motor armature or primary current, torque or force during
the starting and/or the stopping period of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
255 for this subject matter where there is motor load
control combined with automatic starting and/or stopping of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 842 and 848+ for
single motor acceleration control systems with, and without,
feedback, respectively.
Subclass:
431
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This subclass is indented under subclass 430. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the motor torque
at the instant of starting in order to insure that the motor
torque is great enough to overcome the starting-from-rest or
static friction opposition to motor movement.
Subclass:
432
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for maintaining
substantially constant the magnitude of the motor armature or
primary current, the watts supplied to the motor, the
mechanical load connected or applied to the motor, or the
torque or force exerted by the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
434 for motor systems in which means are provided for
preventing the load driven by the motor, the motor current,
or the watts supplied to the motor, or the torque exerted by
the motor from exceeding a predetermined maximum or a minimum
value. Where the system includes means to prevent the motor
load, motor current, watts or torque from exceeding both a
maximum and minimum value, the patent is classified in this
subclass 432.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for constant current systems in
general.
Subclass:
433
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This subclass is indented under subclass 432. Subject matter
in which means are provided for maintaining a constant motor
current, load, and/or torque control by controlling the
physical load device actuated by the motor.
Subclass:
434
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for preventing the
load connected or applied to the motor, the armature or
primary current of the motor, the watts supplied to the
motor, or the torque or force exerted by the motor from
merely exceeding a predetermined maximum or predetermined
minimum value.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
432 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for preventing the motor current, load, or the torque or
force exerted by the motor, from exceeding both a
predetermined maximum and minimum value.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 274 and 284 for regulators with threshold
detection.
Subclass:
436
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for energizing an
electric motor to produce a substantial output force or
torque which is insufficient under prevailing conditions to
cause the motor to start.
(1) Note. This subclass is designed to include mere torque
or force producing motors which, under the conditions of
loading, cannot cause the useful load device to move
appreciably, other than to effect a mere slack, play or
back-lash take-up movement, but which motor nevertheless
exerts a sustained torque or force on the load device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for motor systems specifically limited to maintain a
tension in a cable, belt, strand or strip material under
running or stationary conditions.
40 for plural motors systems having at least one motor
biased against rotation.
159 for motor systems having means (other than a useful load
device) for biassing the motor against rotation.
430 for motor systems having means for controlling the motor
torque at the starting period to insure that the motor will
start, and for motor systems having means for stalling or
overloading the motor while the motor is energized.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 98 for
electric meters wherein the motive-power element of the meter
is energized to exert torque on a non-moving pointer to hold
it in an indicating position.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 848 for single
motor acceleration control systems wherein a motor is
energized while stationary, but which motor immediately
starts and controllably accelerates to a running condition.
Subclass:
437
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for positioning or
phasing the movable (working) element on an electric motor
with reference to some object, fixed or in motion, or with
reference to cyclic conditions or time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for follow-up systems of electric motor control wherein a
motor is positioned relatively to a transmitting or
controlling member or with reference to a predetermined
condition.
41 for this subject matter where one motor is in
predetermined relative position with respect to another motor
by means of electrical synchronizing interconnections between
the motors.
45 for this subject matter where two or more motors are
mechanically coupled together so that their movable elements
are constrained to maintain a predetermined relative phase or
angular position with respect to each other.
68 for this subject matter where one motor has its speed
and/or phase relationship controlled with respect to another
motor under running speed conditions.
85 for miscellaneous motor systems having means for
synchronizing, resynchronizing or phasing control of two or
more electric motors.
136 for motor systems having means for starting or
accelerating motors other than by electrical energization of
the motor, including means for synchronizing or phasing the
motors relative to an AC source of supply to which the motors
are to be connected.
466 for motor systems having means for automatically
stopping a motor when it reaches a predetermined position.
Subclass:
438
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the power factor (i.e., the phase angle between the line
voltage and resulting line current which is supplied to the
primary circuit) of the energy supplied by an alternating
current source to the armature or primary circuit of an
electric motor.
(1) Note. For the combination of power factor control and
one or more motor operations control, see appropriate
subclass for the particular operations control. Power factor
control is not such a control as is combinable with other
controls to constitute plural diverse controls.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for motor systems having synchronous motor control,
particularly field-circuit control, which may modify the
power factor of the energy supplied to the motor.
Particularly note subclass 179 for synchronous motor systems
having automatic control means which is responsive to power
factor, phase angle, power, or watts in the motor armature
circuit.
508 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition thereof for miscellaneous motor systems having the
armature circuit controlled by means of impedances (reactors,
condensers, etc.) in the armature circuit.
729 and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes thereto,
for power factor control in induction motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 205-211 for power factor control systems.
Subclass:
439
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for facilitating
or otherwise controlling commutation in commutator motors.
(1) Note. For example, means for preventing or reducing
deleterious effects incident to, or accompanying, commutation
in electric motors are included herein; such effects
including large intercommutator bar currents, heating of
commutator bars and brushes, flashover between bars, arcing
and pitting of commutator bars and brushes, etc.
Periodically or repeatedly reversing polarity of direct
current supplied to commutator motors to reduce pitting,
corrosion metal transfer between brush and commutator is
included herein. Shifting of brushes to reduce sparking is
included.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for motor systems having electric space discharge means
for commutating the motor.
434 for motor systems having means for limiting motor
armature or primary circuit current or load which may also
reduce or otherwise control sparking, flash-over or other
deleterious effects at the commutator in a commutator type
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 220
for spark reduction means for commutators for dynamoelectric
machines.
Subclass:
440
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which two or more sources of electrical
energy are provided for the armature or primary circuit of
electric motors one or more of said sources (1) having one or
more characteristics (e.g., size, frequency, voltage, etc.)
which are substantially different from one or more
corresponding characteristics of one or more others of the
sources, or (2) are controlled substantially differently
(e.g., with respect to time, degree of control, type of
control means, etc.) from one or more others of the sources.
(1) Note. Where a plurality of sources are connected in
electrical series, or in series, or in series parallel in the
armature or primary circuit of a motor, there being no
significant diverse characteristics of the sources claimed or
no different control of the sources claimed, the patent is
excluded from this subclass. See subclass 504 and the
subclasses specified in the Notes to the definition of that
subclass for such excluded subject matter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for motor systems having plural diverse, or diversely
controlled sources of armature or primary circuit supply for
plural motors.
119 and 123, for motor systems having a polyphase source of
supply for a reciprocating or oscillating motor.
149 for motor systems having plural, diverse or diversely
controlled generators for supplying electric energy to the
armature or primary circuits of motors.
248 for motor systems having plural, diverse or diversely
controlled sources of e.m.f. for a series motor.
500 see Note 1 above. 731, for motor systems having plural
sources of supply for an induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 18 for systems interconnecting a plurality of
sources of electrical energy so that they supply a plurality
of load devices or load circuits; subclass 43 for systems
interconnecting a plurality of sources of electrical energy
so that they can supply a common load or load circuit.
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems, subclass
86 for automatic substitution of power supply; subclass 137
for polyphases source of supply; subclass 160 for plural
power supplies, all for lamp or space-discharge device
systems.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclasses, particularly subclass
138, for a plural source of supply for a battery or condenser
in a charging or discharging system.
Subclass:
441
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This subclass is indented under subclass 440. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources are an alternating
current type of source and one or more others of which are a
direct current type of source.
(1) Note. A pulsating source in which the instantaneous
polarity never reverses is classified as a direct current
source.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
107 for plural motor systems having AC and DC sources of
supply.
Subclass:
442
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This subclass is indented under subclass 440. Subject matter
in which one or more of the sources have a different
(effective value) voltage than one or more others of the
sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
108 and 109, for plural motor systems having plural sources
of supply one or more of which sources have a voltage which
is different (in effective value) than the voltage of one or
more others of the sources.
Subclass:
443
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for effecting a
motor operation two or more times in succession at regular or
irregular intervals of time.
(1) Note. This subclass includes those systems of
repetitious, periodic, or successive operations of a motor in
which once the operation of the motor is initiated, either
manually or automatically, the operation will take place a
plurality of times by virtue of the inherent law or mode of
operation of the control means.
(2) Note. Where the operation is controlled by some
condition-sensitive device and the operation is effected each
time a predetermined condition exists but where the condition
may or may not exist so that as a result the operation may or
may not occur or take place, classification is not herein but
in some other appropriate subclass. See subclass 445 herein
below, and the subclasses listed in the Search Notes
thereto.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for motor systems having means for successively starting
and/or stopping or for periodically or repeatedly starting
and/or stopping two or more electric motors.
119 for this subject matter where the motor is a
reciprocating or oscillating electric motor which is periodic
or repetitious in its operation by virtue of its normal mode
of operation (i.e., its working or useful output member
periodically stops and reverses).
162 for pattern, template, perforated sheet or other
predetermined schedule means which can be operated to give
repeated or cyclic motor operation controls.
281 for motor systems having means for periodically
reversing a motor.
431 for motor systems having means for repeatedly applying
starting impulses to a motor to overcome starting friction.
Subclass:
444
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 443. Subject matter
in which means are provided for changing the periodicity or
time interval of different motor operations.
Subclass:
445
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which (1) means are provided for sensing
the existence of or the magnitude of a predetermined
condition (e.g., temperature, time, speed of a device, etc.)
combined with means for controlling the motor and in which
the sensing means initiates the operation of the motor
control means upon the occurrence of the predetermined
condition; and/or (2) in which time-delay or retarding means
are provided for retarding or delaying the operation of the
motor control means whether the operation is initiated
manually or automatically.
(1) Note. This subclass and the subclasses indented
hereinunder will be the places where automatic starting
and/or stopping, per se, of electric motors will be
classified. See the class definition for automatic starting
and/or stopping of electric motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for electric motor follow-up systems in which a motor
starts (including automatic starting in response to a change
in a condition) and automatically stops when motor moves a
distance proportional to the degree of movement of a
controller or to the degree of change of a condition.
69 for speed difference detectors in plural motor systems
for automatically controlling the relative speeds of the
motors in response to a difference in speed between the
motors.
77 for motor systems having devices responsive to speed of
one motor which controls speed of another electric motor.
120 and 127, for motor systems having means for
automatically controlling a reciprocating or oscillating
motor.
141 for generator supplied motor systems having means for
automatically controlling the generator.
162 for motor systems having means for automatically
controlling an electric motor by means of templates,
perforated sheets and other predetermined schedule means.
174 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for automatic control of
synchronous motors.
221 for induction motor systems having automatic control
and/or time delay means for the control of an impedance type
converter or dephasing means for controlling the armature or
primary circuit of the motor.
283 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for miscellaneous motor
systems having automatic control of the reversing of electric
motors.
364 for miscellaneous motor systems having automatic
controls of the braking of electric motors.
432 for miscellaneous motor systems having automatic means
for maintaining constant load or constant current in electric
motors.
700 for induction motor systems having automatic control
and/or time delay means for the control of a primary circuit
impedance of the motor.
822 for induction motor systems having automatic control of
an impedance in the secondary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, see (4) Note of class definition
and the search notes thereto, for condition responsive
systems, per se.
334, Tuners, subclass 9 for remotely controlled variable
tuners having an electromagnetic operator.
Subclass:
446
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This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which means other than automatic means (e.g., manual
means) are also provided for effecting a particular control
of an electric motor.
(1) Note. The automatic control means and the nonautomatic
control means may be arranged to operate conjointly or
exclusively of each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1 for motor systems having means in addition to an electric
motor for actuating a load device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 479.01 and the
Search Notes thereto, for plural operators or controlling
elements for single load devices in general.
Subclass:
447
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This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which means are provided for rendering the sensing
mechanism entirely nonresponsive or incapacitated, or less
responsive to the predetermined conditions for a particular
and limited period of time which is less than the time
required for an operating cycle of the motor.
(1) Note. For example, an overload cutout may be rendered
inoperative during the starting period of a motor so that it
will not trip during the particular and limited period that
the motor is starting, but will be fully operative during the
running period of the motor.
(2) Note. Where the sensing or control means is merely
delayed or retarded (e.g., by means of a dash pot or other
retarding means), so that the rate at which the sensing means
responds or the control means operates is reduced,
classification is not herein, but in subclass 484 below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
279 for means for rendering the overload sensing mechanism
less responsive during the accelerating period of the motor.
484 see Note 2 above.
Subclass:
448
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which means are provided for preventing or for reducing
the tendency of the motor control means to cause the motor to
"hunt" overtravel or to be over-compensated. The systems
included herein are "open loop" controls and thus are not
servomechanisms.
(1) Note. "Overcompensation" is defined for the purposes of
this class as that condition which exists when the automatic
control means, in consequence of its sensing means responding
to a change in some predetermined condition, cause the
operation or control of the motor to be extended or continued
beyond that necessary to restore the condition to the desired
value. "Overtravel" is defined as the movement of the motor,
or devices actuated thereby, beyond that necessary to cause
the condition to be restored to the desired value and is the
direct and proximate result of the "overcompensation" defined
above. "Hunting" is defined as that condition which exists
as a result of "overcompensation" or "overtravel" in which
the sensing means again responds to the extended or excessive
change in condition beyond that desired to cause the control
means to effect a control of the motor in the opposite
direction. Should the control means again overcompensate, the
operation of the control means may be initiated for several
or for an indefinite number of times. These successive
operations or controls of the motor in an attempt to restore
the condition to a predetermined value is known as "hunting";
and the means provided to prevent or reduce hunting are known
as "anti-hunting" means.
(2) Note. Where the system is a closed loop position
servomechanism, classification is not herein, but in subclass
611, above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
362 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for braking a motor in order to
prevent overtravel of a motor after the energy flow thereto
has been terminated.
611 see Note (2) above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 39 for
anti-hunting means in electric generating systems.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 19 for
differentiating or integrating networks of the passive type.
Subclass:
449
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which means are provided for producing a force, motion, or
other quantitative characteristic constituting a standard,
master, or reference value or quantity, in combination with
means for comparing such value or quantity with a value or
quantity of a corresponding characteristic derived from or as
a result of the operation of the motor to be controlled, and
for controlling the motor in accordance with the magnitude or
variations in magnitude of the resultant of the compared
values or quantities.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for electric motor follow-up systems in which when the
"transmitter" is operated continuously the follow-up motor
may vary in speed (see particularly subclass 23) in
accordance with variations in the speed of operation of the
transmitter which thus acts as a standard or reference
device.
69 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
relative speed of two or more electric motors wherein a speed
difference detector is employed for comparing the relative
speeds of the motor with respect to each other and means are
provided responsive to the speed difference detector for
controlling the speed of one motor relative to that of
another.
77 for plural motor systems in which means responsive to the
speed of one motor constitutes a speed controlling means for
another motor.
329 for motor systems having means to control the motor
running-speed in response to the speed or frequency of any
master device other than the source of supply for the
armature circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 36 for
generator control with respect to a standard master or
reference device.
Subclass:
450
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This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Subject matter
in which the comparing means (i.e., the means which detects a
change in, or a difference between, the values or quantities
being compared) comprise electrical means, e.g., coils,
electric meters or indicators, dynamoelectric machines,
electrical impedances, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
70 for plural motor systems having electrical type detectors
in running-speed control systems wherein the speed of one
motor is compared by electrical means with the speed of
another.
Subclass:
451
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 449. Subject matter
in which a tuning-fork or other mechanically vibratable
device is used as a standard, master, or reference device
with which the operation or control of the motor is compared
and controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for motor systems where the motor is an electrically
driven tuning-fork.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
84, Music, subclass 457 for tuning-fork, per se, when used
for producing musical notes.
Subclass:
452
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject
matter, (1) in which the sensing means are provided with
means which respond to two or more conditions, one or more of
which are diverse in type or character than one or more
others of the conditions or (2) in which means are employed
for sensing one or more conditions, diverse or otherwise, in
combination with means for delaying or retarding the
operation of the sensing means or the control means after
control thereof has been initiated by the sensing means.
(1) Note. The magnitude of a condition (e.g., 40-volts) and
the rate-of-change (e.g., 1 volt per second) of a condition
are considered plural, diverse conditions for purpose of
classification herein. Two magnitudes of a different order
of the same condition (e.g., 40-volts and 60-volts) are not
considered plural diverse conditions for purposes of
classification herein.
(2) Note. Automatic starting of a motor in response to one
condition and stopping in response to different kind of
condition is included herein, for example.
(3) Note. The sensing means which responds to two or more
diverse conditions may comprise either separate means one of
which responds to one condition and another of which responds
to another condition, or a single means which is
simultaneously responsive to diverse conditions (e.g., an
electromagnet having the winding made of a thermally
responsive material, such as iron wire, which is inherently
responsive to voltage or current and also temperature).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for automatic control in response to plural diverse
conditions and/or with automatic control in response to a
condition in combination with time delay or retarding means,
of a generator in a generator-fed-motor system.
365 for automatic control of motor braking in response to
plural diverse conditions and/or with time-delay means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 40 for
generator control responsive to plural conditions.
Subclass:
453
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 452. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to one or more
electrical conditions (e.g., voltage, frequency, current,
etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
142 for automatic control of a generator in a
generator-fed-motor system in which the sensing means is
responsive to plural diverse conditions including one or more
electrical conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 41 for
generator control in response to plural conditions including
an electrical condition.
Subclass:
454
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 453. Subject matter
in which the sensing means respond to two or more
predetermined electrical conditions, one or more of which
conditions are different in kind or character (e.g., voltage,
current, frequency, watts, power-factor, etc.) than one or
more others of the conditions.
(1) Note. The magnitude of an electrical characteristic
(e.g., 50-volts, 10 amperes, etc.) and the rate-of-change of
magnitude of the same characteristic (e.g., 1-volt per second
change, or 2-amperes per minute change) are considered to be
diverse electrical conditions and, hence, are included within
the definition of this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
143 for automatic control of generator-fed motor systems in
response to plural, diverse electrical conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 42 for
generator control in response to plural electrical
conditions.
Subclass:
455
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 454. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to both voltage and
current including watts or watthours based on both voltage
and current.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 43 for
generator control in response to voltage and current.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, appropriate
subclasses, particularly subclass 136, 137, 139, and 140 for
watt or watt-hour meters, per se.
Subclass:
456
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the
rate-of-change of a condition (e.g., from 72 deg. F to 73
deg. F in 10 minutes, four (4) pounds pressure change per
hour, etc.).
(1) Note. Means responsive to rate of change of position
(i.e., the speed) of the motor or other body are not included
herein but will be found herein below. See subclass 461.
However, means responsive to rate-of-change of speed (i.e.,
acceleration) are classified herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
461 see Note 1 above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 19 for
rate of change responsive generator control.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 19 for
differentiating or integrating networks of the passive type.
Subclass:
457
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter
in which means are provided for sensing, detecting, or
measuring the rate-of-change of a condition comprising a
device having an inertia member which is relatively displaced
in response to a rate-of-change of a condition.
Subclass:
458
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 456. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the
rate-of-change of an electrical condition.
Subclass:
459
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to the armature or
primary circuit voltage, the terminal voltage, or the
counter-electromotive-force of the motor being controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
145 for generator-fed-motor systems having the generator
controlled in response to the terminal voltage or counter
e.m.f. of the motor.
368 for motor systems having the braking of the motor
controlled in response to the terminal voltage or counter
e.m.f. of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 29 for
generator control in response to generator voltage.
Subclass:
460
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to noise, sound, or
other mechanical vibrations of bodies.
(1) Note. Means for sensing (or which are responsive to)
electrostatic or magnetic waves are not included herein, even
if the said waves are produced or originated by mechanically
vibrating bodies.
(2) Note. Means for sensing compressional waves transmitted
by means of solids, liquids, or gases (including natural
media such as earth, water, and atmosphere) are included
herein regardless of the frequency thereof (i.e., whether
audible or supersonic).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for motor systems having automatic control of
reciprocating or oscillating electric motors in response to
the sound, noise, or vibration in or of the motors or devices
actuated thereby.
480 for motor systems having automatic control of the motor
in response to radiant energy.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.72 is the
generic subclass for systems for the control of apparatus and
devices at a distance by means of radio wave energy. See the
Search Notes in the class definition of Class 343 for the
other classes which provide for means for the control of an
apparatus or device by means of compressional waves.
Subclass:
461
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to the speed
(angular or linear velocity) or rate-of-movement of the motor
being controlled or of any other body.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
77 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for automatic running-speed
control of one motor with reference to the running-speed of
another motor.
128 for control of a reciprocating or oscillating motor in
response to rate-of-movement thereof.
146 for automatic control of the generator in a
generator-fed-motor system in response to the speed of the
motor being controlled or of a device driven thereby.
286 for automatic reversing of the motor being controlled in
response to movement (including speed) of the motor or of a
device driven thereby.
369 for automatic control of braking of an electric motor in
response to the speed thereof or of devices driven thereby.
715 and 721, for control of synchronous motor in response to
speed thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 30 for
generator control in response to the speed of the generator.
Subclass:
462
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter
in which the sensing means comprises a centrifugally
operating device for detecting the speed conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 535 for a speed
responsive device of the centrifugal weight type, per se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 31 for
generator control in response to generator speed by means of
a centrifugal device.
Subclass:
463
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter
in which the sensing means comprises a tachometer device.
(1) Note. A "tachometer device" is defined as a device
adapted to be connected to a moving body and to develop a
force, pressure (including electrical potential) or other
quantity which varies with the speed of the moving body which
force, pressure or other quantity is availed of to actuate
another device to a degree varying with the speed of the
moving body.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
449 and the Search Notes thereto, for motor systems having a
tachometer device in which the output thereof is compared
with the output of a master or standard device for the
purpose of automatically controlling motor operations.
462 and the Search Notes thereto, for speed responsive
devices of the centrifugal type for motor control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for generator structure, per se, which may be used
as electric tachometers.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 32 for
generator systems having generator control in response to
generator speed wherein the sensing device is a tachometer.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 160 for
speed measuring systems wherein electric tachometers are used
as speed indicators.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
236 for speed responsive means including tachometers for
controlling electrical systems in response to the speed of
some device.
418, Rotary Expansible Chamber Devices, for appropriate
subclasses, for rotary expansible chamber devices, per se.
Subclass:
464
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 463. Subject matter
in which the speed sensing device comprises an electric
generator connected to be driven by and in proportion to the
speed of the motor or other moving body.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses, for motor driven generators in general.
Subclass:
465
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 461. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling an electric motor
in response to speeds of motors or of other bodies when the
speed is in excess or above a predetermined value.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
462 for this subject matter where the speed sensing means is
a centrifugal device.
463 for this subject matter where the speed sensing means is
a tachometer device.
Subclass:
466
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to a predetermined
(1) movement (e.g., mere condition of motion, number of
revolutions, etc.), (2) limit-of-travel, or (3) other
position (e.g., mere presence of, altitude or elevation,
etc.) of the motor being controlled or of any body or
device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 for follow-up motor systems in which the motor is started
and/or stopped in response to the position of the
"Transmitter".
120 for motor systems having means for stopping a
reciprocating or oscillating motor in response to a
predetermined number of revolutions or cycles.
128 for motor systems having means for controlling a
reciprocating or oscillating electric motor in response to
movement or position of the motor or device actuated
thereby.
286 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for automatic control of motor
reversing in response to movement or position of motor or
device actuated thereby.
369 for motor systems having automatic control of the
braking of a motor in response to movement or position of the
motor or device driven thereby.
396 for motor systems having automatic control of the
acceleration of a motor in response to the movement or
position of the motor or device driven thereby.
461 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means responsive to rate-of-change of
position (i.e., velocity, speed) of the motor or other
devices.
Subclass:
467
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Subject matter
in which two or more means are provided for sensing or
determining two or more positions or limits-of-travel of the
motor or other device. The systems included herein are
"open-loop" controls and thus are not servomechanisms.
(1) Note. For example, a plurality of push buttons may be
provided, each determining a different position or a
different limit-of-travel at which the sensing means will
function to initiate operation of the motor control means.
(2) Note. A single position or limit-of-travel determining
means which is merely adjustable so as to initiate a motor
control operation when any of a number of possible positions
or limits-of-travel are reached, is not included herein.
(3) Note. Where the system is a closed loop position
servomechanism, classification is not herein, but in subclass
600 or 672, above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
600 and 672, see Note (2) above.
Subclass:
468
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to limit-of-travel
of the working element of the controlled motor or of any
other device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for motor systems having automatic means for controlling
intermittent energization of an electric reciprocating or
oscillating motor when at the limit-of-travel of the working
element of the motor.
266 for motor systems having means for stopping motor at
limit-of-travel thereof combined with other motor controls.
286 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for motor systems having means
for reversing an electric motor when it reaches the
limit-of-travel thereof.
369 for motor systems having means for controlling the motor
braking means at the limit-of-travel of the motor or of the
means driven thereby.
Subclass:
469
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 468. Subject matter
in which means are provided for overloading the motor
automatically when the limit-of-travel has been attained.
(1) Note. For example, when the motor or a device actuated
thereby reaches its limit-of-travel it may contact a
compression spring or an abutment device placed permanently
or temporarily or momentarily in its path thereby placing
increased load on the motor resulting in increased armature
circuit current which may be availed of to effect the
particular motor control desired.
Subclass:
470
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 466. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to the mere magnitude of
movement (e.g., linear or angular displacements) of the motor
being controlled or of any other device.
(1) Note. For example, the sensing means may be responsive
to a predetermined linear movement of eight (8) inches, or of
one (1) mile; or to a predetermined angular movement of
thirty (30) degrees or of six (6) revolutions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
128 for motor systems having automatic control of a
reciprocating or oscillating motor in response to mere
magnitude of movement of the motor or means driven thereby.
286 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for motor systems having
automatic control of the reversing of the motor in response
to movement of the motor or a device driven thereby.
369 for motor systems having automatic control of the
braking of the motor in response to movement of the motor or
a device driven thereby.
Subclass:
471
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to thermal or temperature
conditions in or of any predetermined device or at any
predetermined place or position.
(1) Note. Response of the sensing means to the particular
temperature (e.g., 30 deg.C, 70 deg.F.) or amount of
temperature change (e.g., 30 deg.C. change) without reference
to the actual temperature or the amount of available heat
stored in a body (e.g., 100 calories) is included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation,
appropriate (thermal) subclasses, noting subclasses 67-104
for thermally responsive means in automatic temperature
control systems, and especially subclass 74, for thermally
controlled electric motor actuated temperature control
devices.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 34 for
generator control in response to thermal conditions.
Subclass:
472
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is arranged to be responsive to
the temperature or thermal conditions of an impedance in the
circuit of the motor being controlled, or of other means
employed for controlling the motor.
Subclass:
473
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 471. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are connected or arranged to be
responsive to thermal condition in or immediately about the
motor being controlled.
(1) Note. Sensing means connected or arranged to be
responsive to ambient temperature conditions which
substantially represent the temperature of the medium (e.g.,
air, or oil if submerged in oil, etc.) in which the motor is
located, are included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 35 for
generator control in response to thermal conditions in the
generator or driving means.
Subclass:
474
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to a predetermined motor
load, torque, armature or primary circuit current, or
secondary circuit current.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
144 for automatic control of the generator in
generator-fed-motor systems in response to the armature or
primary circuit current of the motor.
367 for this subject matter for the automatic control of the
braking of an electric motor in response to the armature or
primary current of the motor.
706 and 714, for automatic control of a synchronous motor in
response to the armature or primary circuit current.
825 for automatic control of a secondary circuit impedance
in an induction motor in response to the primary or secondary
current of the motor.
Subclass:
475
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter
in which a mechanical device is provided to sense or detect
the existence of a predetermined load on the motor.
(1) Note. As an example, a resilient shaft coupling device,
the load end of which is variably displaced under varying
load conditions with respect to the motor end of the
coupling, can be used in combination with contact devices or
variable impedance devices whereby the relative movement
between the parts of the coupling device is availed of to
actuate the contacting or impedance device in response to
changes in load to initiate operation of control means for
the motor.
Subclass:
476
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 474. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds when the magnitude of the
load attains or exceeds a predetermined value.
Subclass:
477
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 476. Subject matter
in which the load on the motor or the armature or primary
circuit of the motor is caused to be increased to a magnitude
in excess of or above a predetermined value at the will of an
operator or by means which is designated to, and will cause
the motor to be overloaded at a time selected by the operator
or designer.
(1) Note. For example, an operator may deliberately
increase the load on the motor by manually increasing the
load actuated by the motor, or by manipulating the motor
controls so as to cause the motor to draw an excessive
current; or a temporary obstruction may be placed in the path
of movement of the motor or device actuated thereby which
will cause the motor to exert greater effort with resultant
increase in motor current, as a result of which some motor
control will be exercised.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
469 for motor systems having automatic means for controlling
the motor at its limit-of-travel (by means located at the
limit-of-travel of the motor or device actuated thereby for
overloading the motor) in order to cause the circuit of the
motor to be opened or otherwise controlled.
Subclass:
478
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to electrical conditions
in circuits other than the circuit to which the motor being
controlled is connected.
Subclass:
479
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 478. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the voltage of
the other circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
459 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for automatic motor control systems in which the
sensing means is responsive to the terminal, line, or
counter-electromotive-force of the motor being controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 29 for
generator systems wherein a motor responsive to generator
voltage is used to control the generator or its driving
means.
Subclass:
480
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means responds to the mere presence or
absence of, or the frequency, (i.e., color) intensity,
magnitude or amount of radiant energy.
(1) Note. Sensing means which respond to the visible
spectrum of light are included herein. Those means which
respond to the infra-red or heat waves are classified in
subclass 471 above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 for motor systems in which the motor is controlled or
operated by space transmitted electromagnetic or
electrostatic energy.
460 for automatic control systems for electric motors where
the motor is controlled by sound or supersonic vibrations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 200 and the classes and
subclasses specified in the notes to the definitions of these
subclasses for photo-cell controlled circuits and photo-cell
apparatus.
Subclass:
481
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the pressure in,
(1) a fluid medium (i.e., gaseous or a liquid medium) or (2)
a granular medium (i.e., a mass of particulate material or of
discrete particles, such as, for example, sand, wheat,
grains, shot, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
motor systems having the automatic control of an electric
motor in response to the level of a fluid or of a granular
material.
Subclass:
482
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the level of (1)
a fluid material or medium (i.e., a gaseous or a liquid
material or medium) or (2) a granular (i.e., particulate or
discrete particles) material or medium (e.g., sand, grain,
shot, etc.).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
481 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
motor systems having automatic control of the motor in
response to the pressure in a fluid or granular material or
medium.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
417, Pumps, subclass 36, for a float controlled motor driving
a pump.
Subclass:
483
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means is responsive to the presence of,
or the degree or amount of, moisture, wetness, or humidity,
in a solid, liquid, or gaseous mass or body.
(1) Note. Systems of motor control responsive, for example,
to the amount of moisture (i.e., water) in a lubricating oil,
the amount of water vapor in a tobacco storage space, or the
amount of alcohol in a fabric are included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclass
44 and the search notes thereto, for humidity sensing means
in automatic humidity control systems.
Subclass:
484
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to the occurrence
of a particular instant of time (e.g., 8:30 A.M., 5:00 P.M.,
etc.), or to the passage of a predetermined interval of time
(e.g., 20-minutes, 4-hours, etc.), or in which means are
provided for delaying or retarding the operation of the motor
control means (e.g., by means of dash-pots, slow-speed
operation of the motor control means by a slow-speed motor or
through speed-reducing gearing, etc.).
(1) Note. Since in any automatic control system the waiting
period for any predetermined condition to occur means, by
necessity a passage of some intervening interval of time,
every automatic motor control system involves, therefore, a
time-delay in a broad sense. However, in such automatic
control systems the time interval is indefinite and may vary
in magnitude from an infinitesimally short period to an
indefinitely long period. The time or time intervals intended
to be included herein are of reasonably definite and of
predetermined values and, consequently, the means included
herein must be capable by its inherent mode of operation of
causing a control to occur at some precise time or after the
lapse of a reasonably definite and fixed (although
adjustable) period of time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
285 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for the automatic control of the reversing of a motor in
response to instants of, or passage of a predetermined
interval of time, or where the control means includes time
delay means.
447 for automatically controlled motor systems having means
for rendering the condition-sensing means nonresponsive or
less responsive for limited periods of time.
Subclass:
485
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter
in which the time-delay means comprises a dash-pot or other
mechanical braking device for effecting a time delay in the
operation of the motor control means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
188, Brakes, subclass 266 for a fluid-resistance brake or
dashpot of general utility.
Subclass:
486
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter
in which the time-controlling or time-delay means comprises a
motor connected to actuate the control means, the motor
operating the control being designed so that an appreciable
amount of time elapse during the movement of the motor before
the control means is actuated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, appropriate subclasses
for expansible chamber motors, per se.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, appropriate
subclasses, for the structure of miscellaneous mechanical
motors.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for electric motor structure, per se.
Subclass:
487
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 484. Subject matter
in which the time-controlling or time-delay means comprises
an electromagnetic device in the control circuit of the
motor, the electromagnetic device having means for affecting
the rate of rise and fall of the current through the
electromagnet or for affecting the rate of increase or
decrease in the magnetic flux associated with the
electromagnet, for the purpose of controlling the time of
operation of the control means.
Subclass:
488
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to physical
tension, compression or other stress in a body of material.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
6 for motor systems having a motor actuated means for
maintaining a predetermined tension in a body of material.
460 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
automatically controlled motor systems having sensing means
responsive to stresses due to waves of compression and
rarefaction in sound transmitting mediums and bodies (e.g.,
sound, mechanical vibration).
471 for automatically controlled motor systems having
sensing means responsive to thermal stresses.
481 for automatically controlled motor systems having
sensing means responsive to stresses in fluids or granular
material due to the pressure in, fluid or material.
Subclass:
489
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 445. Subject matter
in which the sensing means are responsive to direction,
grade, inclination, angular position, or to a deviation or
change from a predetermined value thereof. The systems
included herein are "open-loop" controls and thus are not
servomechanisms.
(1) Note. Where the system is closed loop position
servomechanism, classification is not herein, but in subclass
580, above.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
580 see Note (1), above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, subclass 300 for direction
sensing and indicating.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5 for structure
of gyroscopes, per se.
Subclass:
490
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means, in addition to the motor
supply and/or control system, are provided for signalling,
recording, metering or measuring, or testing conditions in or
about the motor and/or its system of supply and/or control,
or the operation or the state of operation of the motor.
(1) Note. The line that exists between the class (Class
318) and other classes which relate to signalling, recording,
metering or measuring, or testing, per se, is, in general, as
follows: (1) Where the claimed subject matter only nominally
includes the motor or a conventional part or circuit thereof
(such, for example, as "a motor", and "electric motor", a
"motor armature", a "motor field winding", etc.) in
combination with signalling, recording, metering or
measuring, or testing means set forth in detail,
classification will be on the basis of testing, metering,
signalling, etc., in the classes appropriate thereto; (2)
Where the claimed subject matter includes detailed motor
control and/or supply circuits or where parts of the motor or
its supply and/or control circuits are claimed which do not
pertain directly, immediately and only to the signalling,
metering or measuring, or testing means (claimed broadly or
in detail), classification is in this class. In other words
where the motor and its supply and/or control circuits are
significantly claimed (i.e., the claims are substantially and
particularly limited to other than a mere or nominal motor
circuit) classification is in this class; but when the motor
or its circuit is included only nominally in the manner of an
example or as a broad or general illustration, classification
is in some other class appropriate to the signalling,
recording, etc.; (3) Systems involving mere detecting or
condition-sensing means but with no scale or indicator
attached thereto are not classified in this subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous measuring and testing apparatus. See subclass
862 for dynameters.
116, Signals and Indicators, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous signals and indicators.
235, Registers, appropriate subclasses, for miscellaneous
counting and registering apparatus and systems.
340, Communications: Electrical, appropriate subclasses, for
miscellaneous electric signaling systems.
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses, for miscellaneous
recording apparatus and systems.
Subclass:
491
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the physical structure (e.g., shifting commutator brushes,
pole pieces or other magnetic structure, coil position, etc.,
relative to other structure) of an electric motor and for
also controlling an electric circuit connected to the motor
for affecting the supply of energy to, or the operation of
the motor.
(1) Note. Rotary movement of a rotary electric motor
resulting from electric energization of the motor is not bias
for classification herein. However, axial movement of the
rotor other than by the magnetic force of the motor is
structure control included herein. [figure]
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
538 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for electric motor systems
having means for controlling the motor structure.
830 for combined control of motor structure and motor
circuit in induction motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 835 for single
motor running-speed control systems having combined control
of motor structure and motor circuit.
Subclass:
492
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for effecting, or
for controlling the dissipation of magnetic energy stored in
magnetic circuit of the field or secondary winding of an
electric motor.
(1) Note. Such means include means for reducing the
tendency toward the generation of high potentials in the
field winding circuit due to the collapse of the magnetic
field flux when the field circuit is opened.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379 for motor systems having means for locally closing the
armature circuit of an electric motor for dynamic braking
purposes, which may incidentally provide for dissipation of
magnetic energy stored in the armature or primary winding
circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 104 for systems including electromagnets or other
highly inductive devices.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
212 for means for discharging static electrical charges in
general, and subclass 123 for electric circuits for
electromagnets in general, in which means may be provided for
dissipating the stored magnetic energy.
Subclass:
493
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the armature or primary circuit of the motor and also for
controlling the field or the secondary circuit of the motor.
(1) Note. The above means may include a single control
means (e.g., potentiometer type rheostat connected so as to
be simultaneously in the field circuit and the armature
circuit of a motor) or it may include a separate control
means in each of the circuits of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
78 for plural motor systems having combined armature or
primary circuit control for running-speed control.
92 for plural motor systems having combined armature or
primary circuit control with field or secondary circuit
control for acceleration control.
153 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
motor systems having combined control of the generator and of
the motor in a generator-fed motor systems, including such
systems having control of the field or secondary circuit of
the motor.
215 and the subclass specified in the Notes thereto for
motor systems having combined primary and secondary circuits
control for an induction motor systems.
527 for motor systems having means for connecting one or
more circuit windings in series with the armature or primary
circuit.
700 and 705, and the subclass specified in the Note to the
definition of that subclass for motor systems having combined
armature or primary control and field circuit control for a
synchronous motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 45 for
combined control of the armature or primary circuit and the
field circuit of electric generators.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 801, 803+ and 826+
for single motor running-speed control systems; and
subclasses 843 and 849+ for single motor acceleration control
systems; wherein the energization of a field winding, or of
both a field winding and an armature winding, is controlled.
Subclass:
494
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
the armature or primary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
82 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
this subject matter in plural motor systems having
running-speed control.
94 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
acceleration control.
104 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
starting and/or stopping control.
105 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
plural sources of operational supply for the motors.
111 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
series-parallel connected motors.
112 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
parallel-connected motors.
113 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
series connected motors.
126 for this subject matter where the control is of the
energizing circuit of a reciprocating or oscillating motor.
138 for this subject matter where the system has
space-discharge-device for commutating the motor.
139 for this subject matter where the motor is supplied by
primary or secondary batteries.
140 for this subject matter where the motor is supplied by
an electric generator, the generator output being controlled
to control the motor.
246 for this subject matter where the motor is a series
motor.
254 for this subject matter where the motor is a
self-commutated impulse or reluctance motor.
287 for this subject matter for the control of
motor-reversing systems.
373 for this subject matter where the control is for
"plugging" or is the application of reverse power to the
motor for braking the motor.
375 for this subject matter where the control is for dynamic
braking of the motor.
430 for this subject matter where the armature current is
controlled during the starting or stopping period.
432 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to maintain the armature current approximately constant.
434 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to prevent the armature current from either exceeding a
maximum value or diminishing below a minimum value.
436 for this subject matter where the system includes means
for energizing a motor while not in motion.
438 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to the power factor of the armature or line circuit.
439 for motor commutation control systems.
440 for this subject matter where there are plural sources
of supply for a single motor.
474 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for this subject matter where
the system has automatic means to control the armature
circuit or has means to effect a time delay in the operation
of the armature circuit control means.
493 and the subclasses specified in the Search Notes
thereto, for armature or primary circuit control of an
electric motor combined with the field or secondary control
thereof.
720 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass where the motor is a synchronous
motor.
767 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass where the motor is an induction
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 809, 816+, 828+,
and 830+ for control of the armature circuit only in single
motor running-speed control systems with, and without,
feedback respectively; and subclasses 844+ and 853+ for
similar control in single motor acceleration control
systems.
Subclass:
495
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which two or more armature or primary windings are
provided on the motor and (1) in which one or more of the
windings are substantially different structurally from one or
more others of the windings (including being different with
respect to composition of winding, arrangement or shape of
the winding, or physical dimensions thereof) or (2) in which
one or more of the windings are controlled substantially
differently from one or more others of the windings
(including control at different time, different degrees of
excitation, different kinds or types of energizing currents,
or polarized differently).
(1) Note. As examples only, the following windings, are
considered plural, diverse or diversely controlled windings
within the meaning of this class: (I) Structurally unitary
winding in which connections are made to conduct current from
a point intermediate the ends thereof to either end
selectively or to both ends simultaneously, regardless of the
relative polarity of the individual turns of the winding or
the number of turns thereof on either side of the
intermediate point of connection. (II) Structurally unitary
winding in which some of the turns thereof are polarized
differently from some of the other turns.
(2) Note. As examples only, the following windings are not
considered plural, diverse or diversely controlled windings
within the meaning of this class: (I) Structurally unitary
windings in which all turns are polarized relatively the same
(as determined when a polarizing current is conducted from
one end of the winding to the other) and in which: (a)
External connections are made so that current can be
conducted through the winding from a point of the winding to
one or more other points in the same direction along the
winding, or (b) External connections are made to conduct
current through the winding from any point of the winding to
another point thereof and means are provided to shunt or
by-pass the current around one or more turns intermediate the
points at which the above external connections are made; (II)
Structurally independent windings which are physically
separated from each other but which in all other respects are
not substantially different or are not controlled
substantially differently with respect to each other.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 for this subject matter where the motors are
reciprocating or oscillating motors having plural windings.
288 for this subject matter in motor reversing systems where
the motors have plural armature or primary windings.
770 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to those
subclasses for this subject matter where the motors are
induction motors having plural primary windings.
781 for this subject matter where the motors are single
phase motors having auxiliary primary windings for starting
and/or running purposes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 127
for dynamoelectric devices having two or more current
collecting means, such as commutators or sets of slip rings,
connected to different windings of the devices.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 90 for
generator systems where the generator has plural armature
circuits or windings.
Subclass:
496
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This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter
in which the armature or primary windings comprises two or
more windings or sections thereof, one or more of which are
displaced in space relation to one or more others of the
windings and which windings or sections thereof are designed
and adapted to be connected to a polyphase source of supply
(i.e., two or more sources of alternating current having the
same frequency and being displaced in time phase relation to
each other).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
plural induction motors of the polyphase type having
synchronizing connections between their secondaries.
49 for this subject matter in plural motor systems having
plural motors connected in cascade or tandem, one of which
motors generally being an induction motor of the polyphase
type.
121 for this subject matter where the motor is a
reciprocating or oscillating motor which is provided with
polyphase windings to produce a progressing or traveling
motor field flux.
123 for this subject matter where the motor is a
reciprocating or oscillating type motor having polyphase
windings.
289 for this subject matter in motor reversing systems
having means for reversing the phases of the polyphase
supply.
700 for synchronous motor systems many of which are
polyphase motors.
768 771 and 781, for this subject matter in induction motor
systems where the motor is provided with split-phase or
polyphase windings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 132
for polyphase armature windings for plural collector
dynamoelectric machines.
Subclass:
497
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This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the several
armature or primary windings in series circuit relationship
with respect to each other at one time and in parallel
circuit relationship with respect to each other at another
time; or for connecting two or more of the windings in
parallel circuit relationship with respect to each other and
for, simultaneously, connecting two or more of the windings
in series circuit relationship with respect to each other.
(1) Note. One of the windings in a parallel connected group
may constitute one of the windings in the series connected
group as, for example, where one armature or primary winding
may be parallel connected windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 and the subclasses specified in the definition of that
subclass for series parallel connections of armature or
primary circuits of two or more motors, i.e., the motors are
connected in series-parallel relationships with respect to
each other.
771 for this subject matter in induction motor control
systems wherein the polyphase windings may be connected in
delta-star relationships.
Subclass:
498
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This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter
in which means are provided for energizing or controlling a
predetermined one of the windings and for, subsequently,
energizing or controlling another winding (i.e., for
energizing or controlling the windings in a predetermined
order or sequence which means may, however, be adjustable so
as to change from one predetermined order or sequence to
another predetermined order or sequence).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
91 for motor systems for accelerating two or more motors in
succession or selectively, which includes accelerating the
motors in a predetermined sequence.
102 for motor systems for starting and/or stopping plural
motors in sequence or in succession, which includes starting
and/or stopping motors in a predetermined order or sequence.
Subclass:
499
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This subclass is indented under subclass 495. Subject matter
in which means are provided for energizing one or more
windings or turns so as to produce a magnetic flux in one
direction and for energizing one or more other windings or
turns so as to produce a flux (in the magnetic circuit of the
first named windings or turns) in a direction opposite to the
first named direction.
(1) Note. The windings or turns may be energized or
controlled concurrently or at different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
48 for motor systems having mechanically coupled motors
energized in torque opposition.
290 for motor reversing systems in which motors having
oppositely wound windings are selectively energized.
293 for motor systems having means for reversing the
polarity of the current supplied to a single armature winding
in order to reverse a motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 65 for
generator systems having a generator with differentially
wound field windings.
Subclass:
500
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which two or more sources of electromotive force are
connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel-circuit
relationship with respect to each other and in which one or
more of the sources are different in structure or are
differently controlled (e.g., with respect to time, magnitude
of control, mode of interconnection, etc.) from one or more
others of the sources so as to control the resultant voltage
applied to the motor armature.
(1) Note. Idly running electric motors or electrolytic
cells, for example, which are connected in series with a
source of potential and armature circuit of the motor so as
to develop or generate a counter-electromotive force are
included herein.
(2) Note. Voltage drops across impedance devices merely
connected in series with the motor, or the
counter-electromotive forces developed within the motor
armature winding are not included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
105 for motor systems having plural diverse sources of
supply for plural motors.
149 for this subject matter in generator-fed motor systems
having plural controlled generators, generators being in the
armature or primary circuit of the motor.
248 for series-motor systems having plural sources of
voltage including plural sources connected in the armature or
primary circuit.
293 for this subject matter in systems having opposed
sources of supply in the armature circuit of the motor to
determine the direction of current flow therethrough
(polarity) for reversing the motor.
440 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for this subject matter where
there are a plurality of diverse or diversely controlled
sources of supply. If there is no significant diverse
characteristics of the sources claimed or no different
control of the sources claimed, the patent is classified in
subclass 500 and not in subclass 440.
Subclass:
501
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for shunting or short-circuiting
in whole or in part the armature or primary winding of a
motor by a conductor or circuit of low impedance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
379 for this subject matter where the system has means for
short-circuiting a motor armature winding in order to
dynamically brake the motor.
528 and the subclasses specified in Notes thereto for motor
systems having means for shunting or short-circuiting a motor
field winding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 91
generator systems for shunting or short-circuiting an
armature winding.
Subclass:
502
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for varying or changing the
effective length of the armature or primary winding of an
electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
501 for this subject matter where the effective length is
varied by short-circuiting part of the winding.
531 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having variable length field windings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 93 for
generator systems having a tapped or sectionalized armature
winding.
Subclass:
503
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the frequency, or
the rate of pulsations, of the current supplied to the
armature or primary circuit of the motor.
(1) Note. Where means are provided for merely repeatedly
making and braking the armature or primary circuit, see
subclass 519, below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for plural motor systems having cascaded or tandem
connected motors in which the frequency of the current
supplied to the second motor depends on the slip of the first
or preceding motor (i.e., the motor having its primary
circuit connected to the AC supply circuit).
129 for oscillating or reciprocating motor systems in which
the speed of operation of the motors is controlled by
controlling the frequency of the current or current pulses
supplied to the motors.
148 for generator-fed motor systems which have an
alternating current generator, the speed or frequency output
of the generator being controlled.
807 for induction motor systems wherein the frequency of the
current to the primary circuit is varied.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, appropriate subclasses for
means for controlling the speed and frequency of alternators
by controlling the speed of a nonelectric prime mover which
drives the alternator.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses for generating systems in which the frequency of
the generated current is controlled.
331, Oscillators, subclass 36 for oscillators for supplying
alternating current of variable or fixed frequency to
circuits of general application.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, subclass 157 for
frequency conversion systems for controlling the frequency
applied to load circuits in general.
Subclass:
504
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the magnitude of
the voltage supplied to the armature or primary circuit of
the motor being controlled.
(1) Note. When the voltage is controlled by means of
impedance means (such as space-discharge devices, resistors,
inductors and capacitors merely connected in series or in
parallel, but not in series and in parallel simultaneously-,)
which do not form a voltage divider with respect to the motor
armature, classification is not herein, but in some other
subclass herein below. Note subclasses 505 and 508.
(2) Note. Where voltage is controlled only by means of
circuit making and breaking of the armature or primary
circuit, classification is not herein but is in subclass 519
below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for plural motor systems having cascade or tandem
connected motors in which the voltage supplied to the second
motor depends on the speed or slip of the first motor.
139 for motor systems in which primary or
secondary-batteries are employed to supply to armature
current.
140 for generator-fed motor systems wherein the generator is
controlled to control the current supplied to the motor
armature.
500 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto for
this subject matter where the voltage control is effected by
a plurality of sources of supply for the armature circuit.
505 see Note 1 above with respect to space-discharge devices
in the primary circuit.
508 see Note 1 above with respect to impedances in the
primary circuit.
519 see Note 2 above.
812 for primary circuit voltage control in induction motor
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
290, Prime-Mover Dynamo Plants, appropriate subclasses for
variable voltage generating systems having nonelectric prime
mover control.
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 129
for variable voltage rotary converters, per se.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for a variable voltage
supply for a battery or condenser charging or discharging
system.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, appropriate
subclasses, for variable voltage generating system, per se.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for variable voltage supply systems, per
se.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 13 and the
subclasses mentioned in the notes thereto for variable
voltage current conversion systems.
Subclass:
505
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which a space-discharge device is connected in series or
in parallel with the armature or primary circuit of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
132 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems having
space-discharge devices in the input circuit thereto.
138 for motor systems having space-discharge devices for
commutating the current supplied to the motor.
504 for this subject matter where one or more
space-discharge devices is a part of or forms a voltage
converter (divider).
508 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
other motor systems having an impedance device in the
armature or primary circuit of the electric motor.
786 800, and 807, for this subject matter where the motor is
an induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses, for miscellaneous systems for
controlling gas or vapor filled space-discharge devices.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for electric space discharge device
systems for voltage magnitude control.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous space discharge device circuits.
Subclass:
506
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This subclass is indented under subclass 505. Subject matter
in which a plurality of space-discharge devices are provided,
the principal electrodes of at least one of which devices are
connected to the armature or primary circuit of the motor,
and in which one of the space-discharge devices is
structurally different or is connected or arranged or
controlled differently than the other of the space-discharge
devices.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 for this subject matter where the space-discharge
devices are a part of or form a voltage converter (divider).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for electric space discharge device
systems for voltage magnitude control involving plural space
discharge devices.
Subclass:
507
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This subclass is indented under subclass 505. Subject matter
in which the space-discharge device includes a cathode, and
anode, and (a) an electrostatic element (e.g., a control
grid) which is adapted to have an electric potential
established between it and the cathode, or (b) a
magnetic-field producing means; wherein the elements (a), (b)
are positioned relative to the cathode and anode so as to
control the space-current flow between the cathode and the
anode.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291, for electric space discharge device
systems for voltage magnitude control having discharge
controlled device (e.g., grid) control.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous electric space discharge device circuits having
a control electrode and 510 for such circuits which are
magnetically effected.
Subclass:
508
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting one or more
impedance devices (e.g., resistors, reactors, capacitors) in
series and/or in parallel to the armature or primary circuit
of an electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
96 for this subject matter in acceleration control systems
for plural motors.
133 for this subject matter in reciprocating and oscillating
motor systems.
249 for this subject matter in series motors systems.
380 for this subject matter in motor systems for dynamic
braking.
505 and subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for motor
systems having space-discharge devices in the armature or
primary circuit of the motor.
751 784, 785, and 794, for impedance-type phase converter or
dephasing means for adapting an induction motor for operation
from a single phase source of supply.
784 794, 804, and 814, for this subject matter in induction
motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 364 for circuit control in general by means of
impedances.
Subclass:
509
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This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Subject matter
in which there are provided a plurality of impedance devices
each of which is directly connected in the armature or
primary circuit of the motor and in which one of the
impedance devices is structurally different, differently
controlled or connected than another of the impedances.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
voltage conversion (e.g., voltage dividers, etc.) in motor
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 364 for plural impedance networks, per se.
Subclass:
510
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This subclass is indented under subclass 509. Subject matter
in which the impedances comprise a reactor and a capacitor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 355-363 for circuit impedance systems including
both a reactor and a capacitor.
334, Turners, appropriate subclasses for tuned networks for
use in wave energy apparatus and comprising inductance and
capacitance elements in circuit arrangement to form a
resonant circuit and in which structure is provided for
adjusting one or both of these elements for changing the mean
resonant frequency of the circuit.
Subclass:
511
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This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Subject matter
in which the impedance device is of the type in which the
impedance of the device inherently changes appreciably in
magnitude (e.g., with mere lapse of time, change in potential
applied thereto or current flowing therethrough, change in
temperature or physical pressure applied thereto, etc.).
(1) Note. Impedances such as reactors and condensers whose
value of impedance changes in consequence merely of a change
in the frequency of the electric energy supplied thereto are
not included herein. Should the impedance of these devices
change inherently, however, with the frequency remaining
constant, classification is herein.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
767 for motor systems having inherently variable impedance
devices in the primary circuit of an induction motor. See
particularly subclasses 788, 796, 797, 804, 815, and 892.
821 for motor systems having a inherently variable impedance
device in the secondary circuit of an induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 364 for miscellaneous impedance systems.
336, Inductor Devices, subclass 30 for adjustable induction
apparatus designed to have its impedance automatically
controlled in response to a condition, and subclass 155 for
the structure of inductive regulators (of the saturable or
high leakage reactance type) having no movable adjustable
feature.
338, Electrical Resistors, subclass 2 for strain gauge type
electrical resistors, and subclass 13 for electrical
resistors whose value changes in response to a condition.
Subclass:
512
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This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Subject matter
in which the impedance device comprises a reactor or choke
coil.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 355 for impedance networks including reactors.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of inductive reactors and transformers.
Subclass:
513
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This subclass is indented under subclass 512. Subject matter
in which auxiliary means are provided for saturating the
magnetic core or a part thereof of the reactor.
(1) Note. For example, an auxiliary winding on the reactor
combined with means for supplying either AC or DC current
thereto sufficiently to magnetically saturate the core, would
be included herein. Merely increasing the current through
the usual winding on the reactor until the core becomes
saturated, is not included herein.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 206, 249, 302, 310, and 329 for systems wherein
saturable reactors are used for control purposes.
336, Inductor Devices, subclass 155 for the structure of
inductive regulators of the saturable or high reactance type,
which have no movable adjustable feature.
Subclass:
514
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This subclass is indented under subclass 508. Subject matter
in which the impedance device comprises a resistor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
509 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
this subject matter where the impedances comprise a plurality
of resistors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 295-298 for control systems in general which
include resistors as the controlling element.
338, Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses, for
electrical resistors, per se.
Subclass:
515
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This subclass is indented under subclass 514. Subject matter
in which means are provided for short circuiting the resistor
in whole or in substantial part by a conductor of negligible
resistance.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 83, for
generation systems in which means are provided for
short-circuiting the field circuit resistors.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 295-298, for control systems in general which
include short circuited resistors as the controlling
element.
Subclass:
516
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This subclass is indented under subclass 515. Subject matter
in which means are provided for short circuiting different
sections or portions of the resistor at different times
(i.e., without going through all intermediate and
infinitesimal values of resistance).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 85 for
generator field circuit control by means of resistors with
means to short circuit the resistors step by step.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 297 for control systems in general which include
resistors which are short circuited step by step as the
controlling element.
Subclass:
519
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This subclass is indented under subclass 494. Subject matter
in which means are provided for making and/or breaking the
armature or primary circuit of the motor.
(1) Note. See Circuit Making and/or Breaking Device of the
class definition for the definition of "circuit making and/or
breaking" as used in this class.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
101 for plural motor systems having starting and or stopping
means for the motor which comprise mainly circuit making and
or breaking of the armature or primary circuit of the motor.
134 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems having
means for making and or breaking the line or supply circuit
to the motor.
264 for automatic starting and or stopping of a motor
combined with some other motor operation control, wherein the
starting and stopping is generally effected by armature or
primary circuit making and or breaking.
272 see the reference to subclass 264, above.
275 see the reference to subclass 264, above.
277 see the reference to subclass 264, above.
374 for motor braking systems by means of "plugging" (i.e.,
application of reverse power to a forwardly running motor) in
which the armature or primary circuit is opened substantially
at the moment that the motor reaches zero speed.
443 for periodically or repetitiously starting an electric
motor by opening and closing the motor circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, all
subclasses for the structure of circuit makers and breakers.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 96 for intermittent regulatory interruption of an
electrical system, and subclass 112 for switching systems.
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable
Electrodes, subclasses 72-74 for switch controlled motor
circuits in electric motor feeding mechanisms for discharge
electrodes.
320, Electricity: Battery or Capacitor Charging or
Discharging, appropriate subclass for a battery or condenser
charging or discharging system that includes circuit making
or breaking.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 69 for
means for making and/or breaking the field circuit of an
electric generator.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 139 for
relay circuits in which an electric circuit is generally made
and/or broken and for electron magnetic switching systems in
general.
Subclass:
520
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This subclass is indented under subclass 519. Subject matter
in which the circuit making and/or breaking means are
provided with electromagnetically operating means for
operating the circuit making and/or breaking means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 2 for the structure of
electromagnetic switches.
Subclass:
521
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This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for controlling
(1) the electric circuit which is connected to the
magnetic-flux producing means of the motor, or (2) the
electric circuit which is connected to the secondary (i.e.,
induced) member of an alternating current motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
81 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
speed of one or more electric motors relative to the speed of
one or more other electric motors by controlling the field or
secondary circuit of one or more of the motors.
84 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
speed of two or more electric motors by controlling the field
or secondary circuits of the motors.
89 for braking systems in plural motor systems in which one
or more of the motors are converted into exciters for
supplying field excitation to the remaining motors during the
braking period.
97 for plural motor systems having means for controlling the
field or secondary circuit of one or more electric motors for
controlling the acceleration of two or more motors.
100 for plural motor systems having field or secondary
circuit control of the motors to effect a fixed or
predetermined ratio of load or current division between the
motors.
153 for generator-fed motor systems having combined control
of generator field circuit and of the field circuit of the
motor supplied by the generator.
190 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of those subclasses for synchronous motor systems
in which means are provided for controlling the field circuit
of the motor.
232 for induction motor systems having secondary circuit
control of the motor.
246 for motor systems in which the motor is connected to run
as a series motor and in which substantially all circuit
control affects the field excitation.
296 for this subject matter in motor reversing systems.
381 for dynamic braking motor systems in which there is
field circuit control when the armature circuit is locally
closed (e.g., short circuited).
493 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having field circuit control combined with
armature or primary circuit control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 59 for
field circuit control of electric generators.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 801 and 826+ for
single motor running-speed control systems; and subclasses
843 and 849+ for single motor acceleration control systems;
wherein the energization of a field winding, or of both a
field winding and an armature winding, is controlled.
Subclass:
523
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This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which the motor is provided with two or more
field-producing windings one or more of which are different
structurally, connected differently, or controlled
differently or by different means, than one or more others of
the motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
252 for this subject matter in series-motor systems.
297 for this subject matter in motor reversing systems.
495 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems where the motor has plural armature or primary
windings.
700 for this subject matter in synchronous motors systems.
818 for this subject matter in induction motors systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 63 for
generator systems where the generator has plural field
windings.
Subclass:
524
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This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for establishing one number of
field poles at one time and another number at another time
(e.g., 4-pole and 6-poles).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
704 for this subject matter in synchronous motor systems.
773 for this subject matter in induction motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 62 for
generator systems, having a generator having a convertible
number of sets of poles.
Subclass:
525
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This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for energizing one or more field
producing windings, turns, or conductors, so as to produce a
magnetic field in one direction in a magnetic path, and for
energizing one or more other windings, turns, or conductors
so as to produce a magnetic field in the opposite direction
in the same magnetic path either at the same time or at
different times.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
499 and subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for motor
systems having a motor with plural armature or primary
windings wound in magnetic opposition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 64, for
generator systems having a generator with plural,
differentially related, field windings.
Subclass:
526
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This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting the several field
windings or conductors in series-circuit relationship with
respect to each other at one time and in parallel-circuit
relationship with respect to each other at another time, or
for connecting two or more of the windings in series circuit
relationship and two or more windings in parallel circuit
relationship with respect to each other all at the same
time.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
111 for systems having means for connecting two or more
motors in series-parallel circuit relationships.
497 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for connecting plural armature or
primary circuit windings of a motor in series-parallel
circuit relationships.
Subclass:
527
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This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for connecting one or more of the
field windings in series with the armature or primary circuit
of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 for alternating-current commutating motors wherein it is
common to have a field winding connected in series with the
armature or primary circuit of the motor.
246 for series motors, in general, in which a field winding
is connected in series with the armature or primary circuit
of the motor.
493 for motor systems having both field circuit control and
armature circuit control.
Subclass:
528
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for short circuiting a field
winding in whole or in part with a conductor of substantially
negligible resistance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
299 for this subject matter in motor reversing system.
501 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for short-circuiting an armature
or primary winding in whole or in part.
700 for synchronous motor systems having means for
short-circuiting the field winding during the starting period
of motor operation.
818 for means for short-circuiting the secondary winding of
an induction motor for short-circuiting impedances in the
secondary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 68 for
generator systems having means for short circuiting a field
winding.
Subclass:
529
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 523. Subject matter
in which means are provided for energizing one or more of the
field windings or conductors without energizing one or more
others.
(1) Note. The means may be operative at times to also
energize all of the windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
524 for this subject matter where the motor is of the
convertible number of poles type (e.g., convertible from 4 to
6 pole).
528 for this subject matter where the system includes means
to short-circuit a field winding.
819 for induction motor systems in which means are provided
for varying the effective number of conductors or turns in
the secondary of the motor.
Subclass:
530
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This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which there are provided two or more sources of voltage
for the motor field circuit, one or more of such sources
being different structurally, differently connected or
differently controlled than one or more others of the
sources.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
500 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems, in which the armature or primary circuit of
the motor is provided with two or more sources of supply.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 86 for
generator systems wherein two or more voltage sources are
provided for the field circuit of the generator.
Subclass:
531
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which means are provided for tapping or otherwise varying
the active length of a field winding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
523 for motor systems having plural field windings where the
windings are selectively or partially energized.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 71 for
generator control systems in which means are provided for
tapping or otherwise varying the effective length of the
generator field winding.
Subclass:
532
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which the principal electrodes (e.g., cathode and anode)
of a space-discharge device is connected to the field winding
circuit of an electric motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having space-discharge devices in the armature
or primary circuit of the electric motor.
818 for space-discharge devices in the secondary circuit of
an induction motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,
appropriate subclasses for means for controlling and
supplying electric energy to gas-filled space-discharge
devices, per se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 72 for
generator systems having the generator field circuit
controlled by means of space discharge devices.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 227 and 291 for electric space discharge device
systems for voltage magnitude control.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous control circuits wherein a space discharge
device is the controlling element.
Subclass:
533
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which impedance devices are provided in the field circuit
of a motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
249 for series motor systems having impedance devices either
in series or in parallel to the series field winding.
532 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
field control by means of space-discharge devices.
700 for this subject matter in synchronous motor systems.
821 for induction motor systems having impedance devices in
the secondary circuit thereof.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 75 for
generation systems having impedance devices in the field
circuit of the generator.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 364 for miscellaneous circuit control by means of
impedances.
Subclass:
534
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This subclass is indented under subclass 533. Subject matter
in which two or more impedances are provided in the field
circuit; one or more of which are structurally different or
are differently controlled or controlled by means which are
different with respect to each other, than one or more others
of the impedances.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
509 and the subclasses specified in Notes thereto, for motor
systems having the armature or primary circuit controlled by
means of plural impedance devices.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 76 for
generator systems having the generator field circuit
controlled by means of plural impedances.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for miscellaneous load control by means
of impedance devices including plural impedances.
Subclass:
535
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This subclass is indented under subclass 534. Subject matter
in which the several impedances are connected in a Wheatstone
bridge (i.e., four-arm) arrangement with respect to each
other.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 77 for
Wheatstone bridge arrangements of impedances in the field
circuit of generators.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclass 365 for Wheatstone bridge arrangements of
impedances in general.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 169 for
wave filters of the Wheatstone bridge or lattice type.
Subclass:
536
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 521. Subject matter
in which means are provided for physically making and/or
breaking the field circuit of the motor.
(1) Note. See Circuit Making and/or Breaking Device, of the
class definition for a definition of "Circuit making and
breaking".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
519 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for making and/or breaking the
armature or primary circuit of the electric motor.
529 for motor systems where the motor has a plurality of
field windings and means are provided for selectively
energizing the field windings thereby generally necessitating
the making and/or breaking of the circuit to one or more of
the windings.
705 for synchronous motors starting as repulsion or
induction motors wherein means are provided for connecting or
disconnecting the field exciting means.
716 for this subject matter in synchronous motors systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 69 for
generator systems having means for making and/or breaking the
field circuit of an electric generator.
Subclass:
537
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 536. Subject matter
in which means are provided for making and breaking the
circuit intermittently or repetitiously.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses
19.01-19.4 for structure of periodic switches, per se.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 96 for intermittent regulatory interruption of an
electrical system, and subclass 132 for periodically or
repetitiously making and breaking an electric circuit.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 70 for
generator systems having periodic or repetitious circuit
making and/or breaking of the field circuit of an electric
generator.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 87 for electromagnetically
operated periodic switches.
Subclass:
538
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which means are provided for relatively
moving one or more structural elements of a motor relative to
one or more other structural elements of an electric motor.
(1) Note. Mere motion of the working element of the motor
relative to other parts of the motor as a result of normal
excitation of the motor during the normal working cycle
thereof are not included herein.
(2) Note. Where a motor having one type of normal working
motion (e.g., rotary) also has another type of motion (e.g.,
axial movement) for producing some useful external work
(e.g., operating a clutch lever to clutch the motor to some
work load, but wherein the clutch is not claimed, but the
several types of motions of the motor are claimed),
classification is not herein but in some other appropriate
subclass. See subclass 115. However, where a motor having
one type of useful work motion, also has another type of
movement of the working element for regulatory or control
purposes for the motor, classification is in this subclass
(538).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for motor systems having a motor having plural, diverse
types of motion of the working element of the motor. See (2)
Note above.
136 for motor systems having auxiliary means for producing
mechanical torque on the working element of a motor during
the starting or accelerating period.
159 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for motor systems having means
for biassing the rotary working element of the motor against
angular movement.
437 for phasing, or angular or linear position control of a
motor wherein a motor element may be moved without energizing
the motor.
491 and the subclasses specified in the Notes thereto, for
this subject matter where the system also includes means for
controlling the motor circuits.
830 for this subject matter in induction motors systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, appropriate
subclasses for structure of the motor, per se.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 49 for
generator systems which are controlled by adjusting or
varying the magnetic structure of the generator; see subclass
54 for generator systems wherein the generator control
involves the current collecting mechanism.
388, Electricity: Motor Control Systems, 835 for single
motor running-speed control systems having combined control
of motor structure and motor circuit.
Subclass:
539
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 538. Subject matter
in which means are provided for moving or permitting to move,
both the armature or primary member of the motor and the
field or secondary member of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 115
for structure of a motor in which both the field and armature
are incorporated in separate rotary elements.
Subclass:
540
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 538. Subject matter
in which means are provided for relatively moving the rotor
element axially (i.e., along the axis about which the motor
revolves) with respect to the remainder of the motor
structure.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for motor systems having a motor having plural, diverse
types of motion which commonly include axial movement. See
(2) Note to the definition of subclass 538 for the
distinction between the subclass and subclass 115.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 51 for
generator systems wherein the generator is controlled by
moving or adjusting the rotor element axially.
Subclass:
541
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 538. Subject matter
in which means are provided for moving or adjusting the
brushes or other current-collector or current-transfer means
of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 229
for dynamoelectric devices in which a current collecting
brush is caused to traverse across the surface of the
cooperating collector element transverse to the direction of
motion therebetween; subclass 230 for current collecting
brushes which are circumferentially adjusted upon the
reversal of direction of motion of a dynamoelectric device;
subclass 241 for means for circumferentially adjusting
normally fixed brush holders.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 54 for
generator systems having generator control by means of
movable or adjustable brushes particularly subclass 55
wherein the brushes are movable or adjustable
circumferentially.
Subclass:
542
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 541. Subject matter
in which means are provided for moving the brush or other
current-collector or current-transfer means toward or away
from its cooperating part.
(1) Note. This subclass includes means for completely
separating the brushes, etc., from the cooperating part and
means for merely varying or changing the contact pressure
therebetween.
Subclass:
543
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which the electric motor is controlled or
regulated by a controller having three or more definite
positions of control in which the degree or magnitude or kind
of control at any one position differs substantially from
that which is obtained when the controller is in either of at
least two of the other positions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 469 for
miscellaneous control lever and linkage systems.
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclasses
1-18, 19.06+ for multiple contact circuit makers and
breakers.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 112 for miscellaneous switching systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, subclass 106 for electromagnetically
operated switches of the plural contact type.
338, Electrical Resistors, subclass 68 for mechanically
variable electrical resistors, and especially subclass 185
for mechanically variable electrical resistors having
intervening connectors between the contact and resistance
element (e.g., taps) so that the resistance value changes in
steps.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
139 for miscellaneous relay circuits.
Subclass:
544
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which a three-or-more-position controller is combined with
some other motor control device between which there is some
particular inter-relationship; such as, for example, a
predetermined sequence of operation, a mechanical or
electrical interlock, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
53 and 255, for plural diverse motor operations control
systems in which it is common to have a
three-or-more-position controller combined with some other
controller wherein each controller effects a different motor
operation, see subclass 53 for plural motor systems and
subclass 255 for miscellaneous motor systems.
255 see the reference to subclass 53 above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 471 and 479.01
for miscellaneous control lever and linkage systems having
plural controlled elements or plural controlling elements,
respectively.
Subclass:
545
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 544. Subject matter
in which the three-or-more-position controller is combined
with a main line or armature or primary circuit switch.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
62 264, 272, 275, and 277 for plural diverse motor operations
control systems which include automatic starting and/or
stopping which is usually effected by circuit maker and
breaker in the main line circuit to the motor, see subclass
62 for plural motor systems,
264 272, 275, and 277 for miscellaneous motor systems having
plural diverse motor operations.
Subclass:
546
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which two or more three-or-more-position controllers are
provided for controlling one or more motors, one of the
controllers being different structurally or being differently
controlled than another of the controllers.
Subclass:
547
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 546. Subject matter
in which a plurality of means are provided for controlling
the motor controllers, which means are positioned physically
apart so as to constitute two stations or locations from
which the operation of the controllers may be controlled.
Subclass:
548
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which a plurality of means are provided for controlling
the operation of a three-or-more-position motor controller,
which means are positioned physically apart so as to
constitute a plurality of stations or locations from which
the operation of the controllers may be controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
547 for this subject matter where the systems include plural
controllers.
Subclass:
549
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which means are provided for returning the controller, or
which make it necessary that the controller be returned,
substantially completely or fully to the "off", "starting",
or "neutral" position after having been operated or started
from such positions in a previous operation before it can
become effective in controlling a subsequent motor
operation.
Subclass:
550
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 549. Subject matter
in which motive power means are provided for operating the
three-or-more-position controller through part or all of its
path of travel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
552 and the subclasses specified in the search notes
thereto, for other motor systems having power-operated motor
controllers.
Subclass:
551
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which means are provided for operating the
three-or-more-position controllers by knee or by foot of the
operator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 512 and 515 and
the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
miscellaneous foot-and-knee-operated control levers and
linkages.
Subclass:
552
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 543. Subject matter
in which motive power means are provided for operating the
three-or-more-position motor controller through all or part
of its path of travel.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
550 for this subject matter where the power operated
controller is provided with means for returning or
necessitating that the controller be returned to its "off",
"starting", or "neutral" position.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
60, Power Plants, and 185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal
Powered, and the classes and subclasses specified in the
notes to these classes, for the structure of the power
actuating means, per se.
185, Motors: Spring, Weight, or Animal Powered, see the
reference to class 60, above.
Subclass:
553
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Subject matter
in which the three-or-more-position controller is provided
with two or more sets or pairs of electrical contacts with
separate or individual actuators for each set or pair of
contacts.
Subclass:
554
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 553. Subject matter
in which one or more of the actuating means for the sets or
pairs of contacts are electromagnets (including electric
motors).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
555 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
other motor systems having electromagnetic actuating means
for three-or-more-position motor controllers.
Subclass:
555
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 552. Subject matter
in which one or more of the actuators are electromagnets
(including electric motors).
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
554 for this subject matter where there is electromagnetic
actuating means for separately or individually actuated
controller contacts.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, appropriate subclasses for
electromagnetically operated switches, per se.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
139 for miscellaneous relay and electromagnet circuits.
Subclass:
556
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 555. Subject matter
in which the electromagnetic actuating means comprise an
electromagnetic means having a reciprocating or oscillating
type of motor for its operating or working member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
119 for miscellaneous motor systems in which the motor,
which is the load device in the system, is a reciprocating or
oscillating type of motor.
557 for motor systems having other means for operating a
three-or-more-position motor controller intermittently or
step-by-step.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 15
for reciprocating motors, and subclass 36 for oscillating
motors.
Subclass:
557
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 555. Subject matter
in which the electromagnetic actuating means is a motor
having an intermittent or step-by-step movement in a single
direction of operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 for miscellaneous motor systems in which the motor,
which is the load device in the system, is a linear-movement
motor.
556 for this subject matter where the motor for actuating
the controller is a reciprocating or oscillating
electromagnetic means (including electric motors).
Subclass:
558
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter not classifiable in any of the preceding
subclasses.
Subclass:
560
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter comprising a system which maintains a
prescribed relationship between the position of a member or a
function of the position and the value of a arbitrarily
varied command signal by detecting an error between the
actual position of the member or the actual value of the
function of the position and the position or value commanded
by the signal and controlling a motor of the servo system in
response to the detected error.
(1) Note. From the definition set forth above, it is
obvious the systems classified hereinunder are feedback
control systems in which the directly controlled variable is
mechanical position and the terminology employed will
generally be that encountered in the feedback control art.
Such feedback controlled mechanically positioning systems are
also known as servo control or servomechanisms.
(2) Note. Since Class 318 takes, under the class definition
only electric motor control systems, then a search, in order
to be complete, must in appropriate situations extend to
Class 33, Class 77, Class 91, Class 235, Class 244, Class
250, Class 307, Class 310, Class 327, Class 329, Class 330,
Class 340, Class 346, Class 361, and Class 409.
(3) Note. If a servo system is presented which only
discloses fluid motors and the claims are broad enough to
cover either fluid or electric motors, the appropriate fluid
motor class accepts the application. If the same type system
is presented in which it is disclosed that the motor may be
either fluid or electric, Class 318 accepts the application.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
690 for self-synchronous motor systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems,
appropriate subclass; see the search class note in the class
definition of this class (318).
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
robot control.
901, Robots, subcollection 9 for positional servo systems for
robots.
Subclass:
561
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the system may include means to measure or evaluate
its own performance and automatically adjust one or more of
its parameters in response to a change in internal or
external environmental conditions, or where the system has
been initially designed for optimum performance such as a
bang-bang servo.
(1) Note. For example, an output from the system may be
compared with the output from a desired response model or
computer and the error produced employed to adjust the system
gain.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for autopilots with adaptive or
optimizing features.
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval, 69,
which inter alia, includes random access magnetic storage
devices employing "bang-bang" servos.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 148.01
for data processing adaptive or optimizing control systems.
Subclass:
562
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the system includes at least one element or one
data-transmission link common to two or more servo loops and
include in each of the loop on either a time sharing or
multiplexing basis.
(1) Note. Included herein are systems in which a single
computer provides command signals for two or more servo
systems on a time sharing basis.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
340, Communication: Electrical, 825 for communications
systems in which a lesser number of communication lines
control plural remote devices, and subclasses 870.13+ for
time division telemetering of plural transmitters.
370, Multiplex Communications, appropriate subclasses for
multiplex systems.
Subclass:
563
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. System in
which the system includes means to protect or guard against
system failure.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 360 for fluid
motor systems with fail safe features.
244, Aeronautics, 175 for fail safe circuitry used in
conjunction with autopilots.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 326
for electrical transmission or interconnection systems with
fail safe or protection features.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 1 for
electrical systems with fail safe features.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 184
for protective or reliability features in combination with a
data processing control system.
713, Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Support, 300 for computer power control.
714, Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
1 for reliability and availability, fault recovery,
locating, and avoidance in digital data processing systems.
Subclass:
564
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter
in which the system includes a plurality of channels arranged
such that should a failure occur in one channel, operation of
the system is maintained by the remaining channel or
channels.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for redundant controls in autopilots.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 407 for miscellaneous gating circuits
having plural inputs and a single output and subclasses 415+
for miscellaneous gating circuits having a single input and
plural outputs.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks, subclass 3 for
wave transmission lines and networks with automatic control
for lines substitution.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 62 for
plural parallel interconnected feeders for electrical
systems.
Subclass:
565
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter
in which the system includes one or more elements whose sole
function is to test or monitor the performance of similar
elements in the servo loop and to disable the servo upon a
failure of one of the similar elements.
(1) Note. For example, a system operating in response to
the amplified output of a first gyro may be provided with a
second gyro and amplifier, which first gyro system is
disabled when the output from the second amplifier differs
substantially from the system output.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, subclass 77, for autopilots with monitoring
control.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 648 for motor
condition responsive indicating systems.
Subclass:
566
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 563. Subject matter
in which means are provided for limiting the response of the
system to excessive or large error signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 for open loop systems which include automatic starting
or stopping of a motor under various conditions.
635 for servo systems which include signal, voltage or
current limitation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 371 for fluid
motor systems with pressure limitation.
244, Aeronautics, 175 for autopilots with maneuver, force or
load limiting.
Subclass:
567
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
having means whereby the command signal for the system is
varied in response to a predetermined program or pattern
thereby establishing a predetermined pattern or schedule for
the positions of the controlled member.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for open loop pattern control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, subclass 64 for automatic machines which
perform a cycle or operations in response to some mechanism.
66, Textiles: Knitting, 215 and 231+ for automatic knitting
machines which perform a sequence of operations.
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 36 and 37 for
fluid motor systems responsive to a pattern or program.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 167.02
and 474.01, respectively, for supervisory control or
programmable digital computers; see the search class note in
the class definition of this class (318).
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planning, 2, 79+, 245+, and
289+ for a gear cutting, milling, or planning machine adapted
to operate in response to a pattern or program.
Subclass:
568.1
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With program recording or composing means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 567. Subject matter
including means for initially producing the program of
control instructions to which the system subsequently
responds.
Subclass:
568.11
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Multifunction manipulator (i.e., robot):
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.1. Subject
matter wherein the system is a reprogrammable multifunction
manipulator designed to move devices through variable
programmed motions for the performance of changeable tasks on
a repetitive basis without human intervention.
(1) Note. A robot usually has an arm (elongated appendage)
which normally has three or more degrees of freedom.
(2) Note. A robot must be reprogrammable to perform a
variety of different tasks. Thus, a numerically controlled
machine tool, which may have an arm, but which is designed to
perform only a fixed set of tasks, is not a robot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
robot control.
901, Robots, appropriate subclasses for cross-reference art
collections of robot motion controls.
Subclass:
568.12
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Mobile robot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which the robot includes a base which is moveable
without restraint under the control of a programmable
guidance system.
(1) Note. A robot with a base which is guided for movement
along a track so that the base must follow the track is not
considered to be a mobile robot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative
Location, 23 for mobile robot control systems.
901, Robots, subclass 1 for an art collection of mobile
robots.
Subclass:
568.13
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With particular program teaching method:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter including methods of instructing or programming the
robot to perform the steps of a desired sequence of
manipulations.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
robot control.
901, Robots, 3 for program teaching methods for robots.
Subclass:
568.14
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Manual lead through:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.13. Subject
matter wherein the robot is "taught" the steps of a desired
sequence of manipulations by actual performance of the steps
while the robot's control system is in a memory mode, with
the robot subsequently performing the memorized sequence
without human intervention.
(1) Note. This subclass includes stepping the robot through
a desired sequence of motions under keyboard control while
the outputs of detectors associated with the joints of the
robot's arm are recorded.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
robot control.
901, Robots, subclass 4 for manual lead through teaching of
robots.
Subclass:
568.15
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With particular interpolation means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which the motion of the robot is defined by a
plurality of discrete points along the path to be followed
and a means is provided for generating continuous motion
between the points.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, subclass 87
for robot control with interpolation.
Subclass:
568.16
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With particular sensing device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which a particular sensing device is used in
monitoring or control of the robot.
(1) Note. Sensing devices include: video camera, force
sensor, "absolute" position detector, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 93 for
robot control with particular sensor.
901, Robots, subclass 46 for robot sensing devices.
Subclass:
568.17
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With multimode control (e.g., course-fine, position-force,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which more than one mode of control is provided.
(1) Note. Modes of control include: course positioning,
fine positioning, velocity, acceleration, and force.
(2) Note. Inclusion of a compliance means on the robot is
considered to constitute a position-force multimode control.
Subclass:
568.18
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including velocity control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.17. Subject
matter wherein one of the modes of control is control of
velocity (including acceleration and deceleration).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
901, Robots, subclass 20 for speed altering provisions in a
robot.
Subclass:
568.19
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With particular coordinate transformation means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which a transformation is made either (a), from one
coordinate system to another (e.g., spherical polar
coordinates to cartesian coordinates), or (b) from one
reference frame to another (e.g., a reference frame
associated with an "end effector" to a reference frame
associated with the base of the robot).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, subclass 86
for robot control with coordinate transformation.
Subclass:
568.2
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With plural control systems (e.g., the interaction of plural
processors to control the plural joints of a single robot:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which (a) plural robots interact, (b) a robot
interacts with a numerically controlled machine tool or
conveyor, or (c) plural computers interact in the control of
a single robot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, subclass 84
for robot control with plural processors.
901, Robots, 6 for communication between a robot and another
machine including another robot.
Subclass:
568.21
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including end effector (e.g., gripping jaw, micromanipulator,
etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.2. Subject
matter including a device, usually attached to the robot arm,
which extends the capability of the robot by one or more
degrees of freedom.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 80 for
robot control.
901, Robots, 30 for robot end effectors.
Subclass:
568.22
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With particular compensation (e.g., gain, offset, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which provision is made for improving the
performance of a robot by applying a correction to a control
instruction to compensate for a predictable inaccuracy in the
positioning of the robot.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, subclass 89
for robot control with compensation.
Subclass:
568.23
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including program modification:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.22. Subject
matter wherein the correction is applied by modifying the
control program so that future repetitions of the robot's
actions are precompensated.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 85 for
robot control with program modification.
Subclass:
568.24
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With reliability enhancement means (e.g., monitoring,
redundant circuits, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.11. Subject
matter in which means are provided for monitoring the
performance of the robot and appropriate actions are taken in
the event a fault is detected.
(1) Note. Fault response reactions include: (a) sounding
an alarm, or otherwise alerting a human operator, (b)
interrupting the action of the robot (shut down), or (c)
selecting an alternate program path or device to circumvent
the fault producing program step or device (redundant
system).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, 85 for
robot control with enhancing techniques.
Subclass:
568.25
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including display device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 568.24. Subject
matter including means for displaying information relevant to
locating and diagnosing faults in the robot or its control
system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
395, Information Processing System Organization, subclass 99
for robot control with particular operator interface.
Subclass:
569
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
including digital or numerical systems wherein the control
system programming means utilizes numerical values, digital
signals or coded pulses corresponding to desired positions of
the control. Usually these numerical or digital signals are
recorded on punched cards, punched tapes, magnetic tapes, or
optical tapes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
600 for digital servo systems, per se, where the input
command is not necessarily from a program.
Subclass:
570
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 569. Subject matter
in which motion of a member along two or more axes is
controlled simultaneously to provide a continuous
predetermined path along which the member is directed.
Subclass:
571
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 570. Subject matter
in which means are provided for controlling the tangential
velocity of the member along the path.
Subclass:
572
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 570. Subject matter
in which means are provided for (1) varying the reference
points from which the coordinates of the system are measured
or (2) compensating the system for variation in the diameter
of the tool, such compensation being precalculated.
Subclass:
573
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 570. Subject matter
in which the input data is represented by a plurality of
discrete points along the path to be followed and the system
includes means to interpolate between the points so that the
ultimate servo command is a smoothly varying function.
Subclass:
574
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 569. Subject matter
in which the system programming means directs a member to
move from a first point having a first set or coordinates to
a second point having a second set of coordinates and in
which the path taken by the member between points is not a
material consideration.
Subclass:
575
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
wherein the program input is a pattern in analog form, and
means responsive thereto being used to position a member
along one or more axes.
Subclass:
576
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter
in which the pattern to be followed is provided by a line,
seam, or edge and the pattern follower is non-mechanical.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for open-loop analog pattern controls.
653 for servo systems in which the position measuring
instrument is a magnetic transducer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, 124.01, for systems which
automatically position a welding machine over a seam.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planning, 290 for a planning
machine controlled by a line follower.
Subclass:
577
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 576. Subject matter
in which the means to sense the line, seam or edge is a
photoelectric means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
640 for photoelectric or optical measuring instruments as an
error detector in a servo system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, subclass 20
for systems wherein the material advanced is maintained in a
predetermined path by photoelectric control.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 202 for photoelectric line
followers wherein the novelty lies in the photoelectric
portion of the circuit.
Subclass:
578
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter
in which the pattern to be followed is provided by a cam or
template.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
162 for open-loop, analog pattern control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 567 where a
machine follows a groove or predetermined contour.
82, Turning, subclass 19 and 55 for automatic turning
machines which follows a cam or template.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 79 for a pattern
controlled milling machine.
Subclass:
579
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 575. Subject matter
in which the system controlled makes a plurality of passes of
ever increasing precision.
(1) Note. For example, a patterned controlled machine tool
which make a rough cut and ultimately a finish cut with as
many intermediate cuts as are necessary.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, 288 for a planning
machine which functions in the manner of the device of this
subclass.
Subclass:
580
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the servomechanism guides a vehicle about a single
axis, wherein the novelty is chiefly in the servomechanism
and not in the guidance system.
(1) Note. The systems classified hereunder specifically
exclude multiple axes vehicle guidance systems, which systems
are classified in Class 244, Aeronautics, subclass 77, which
subclass is the generic place for steering of dirigible craft
in two or three dimensions by electrical means. See
particularly (2) Note of Class 244, subclass 77, as to the
line between subclass 77 and the other motor and vehicle
classes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
575 for analogous pattern controlled systems in which a
controlled member follows a path.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 204 for direction indicator
means, per se.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5 for structure
of gyroscopes, per se.
102, Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 384 for drop bombs
having direction controlling devices which may be automatic.
114, Ships, subclass 144 for steering mechanisms for ships
which may be automatic.
180, Motor Vehicles, 167 for a motor vehicle provided with
means for controlling its operation responsive to
electromagnetic radiation, magnetic force, or sound waves
received from a source, or reflected from an object or
surface, which is located apart from the vehicle; and
subclass 79.1 for a motor vehicle having a steering gear of
the electric power assist type.
244, Aeronautics, 76, see (1) Note above.
340, Communications: Electrical, 907, 945+, and 984+ for
traffic and vehicle communication systems including aircraft
and nautical controls.
701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative
Location, 1 for data processing systems in the application
of vehicle control.
Subclass:
581
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control signal is obtained by radio.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 for open-loop remote controls including space transmitted
electromagnetic or electrostatic energy (e.g., radio) control
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, subclass 3.13, 3.14, and 3.19 for
electromagnetic wave or radio guidance.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.69 and 825.72
are the generic subclasses for the control of apparatus and
devices at a distance by means of radio wave energy.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 385 for directive beacons
used in radio guidance.
455, Telecommunications, subclass 68 for remotely controlled
modulated carrier wave communication systems.
Subclass:
582
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is obtained by celestial
means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, subclass 3.18 for guidance systems
employing a celestial body.
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 203.1, for photoelectric
systems responsive to a point of illumination such as a star,
etc.
Subclass:
583
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is a landing system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, subclass 63 and 81 for guidance system
including landing assists.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation), 410 for radio wave beacons
which provide a glide path.
701, Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative
Location, subclass 15 and 16 respectively, for vehicle
control of take-off or landing.
Subclass:
584
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is an altitude or pitch
control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for aircraft guidance.
Subclass:
585
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is a "Roll" control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for aircraft guidance.
Subclass:
586
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is a "Yaw" control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for aircraft guidance systems.
Subclass:
587
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is for a land vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
180, Motor Vehicles, 167 and 79.1 as explained in the
reference to Class 180 appearing in subclass 580 above.
340, Communications: Electrical, 901 for traffic control of
vehicles.
Subclass:
588
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the steering control is for a marine vehicle.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
589 for steering controls for submarines or torpedoes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
114, Ships, subclass 144 for steering mechanisms for ships
which may be automatic.
340, Communications: Electrical, 984 for control of
nautical vehicles.
Subclass:
589
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 588. Subject matter
in which the marine vehicle is a submarine or torpedo.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
588 for steering systems for marine vehicles.
Subclass:
590
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which the servomechanism may operate or be operated in a
plurality of different modes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 180
for data processing control systems which include multiple
modes.
Subclass:
591
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter
in which the servomechanism includes features to provided for
smooth transition from one operating mode to the next.
(1) Note. For example, a servo control system for shifting
from manual control to automatic control or vice-versa which
includes means to prevent the changeover until the servo
error signal shaft would be negligible.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
591 and 649, for inertial or inclination devices which also
include an erecting control.
609 and 610, for "reset" systems (P I and P I D controllers)
with manual to automatic features.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 5 for erecting
gyroscopes.
244, Aeronautics, 175 for aircraft guidance systems with
manual to automatic and vice-versa features.
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 64,
85+, and 125+ for electrical interconnection systems with
means to connect or disconnect responsive to various
electrical conditions.
Subclass:
592
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter
in which a plurality of position error detectors, one for
each operating mode, are provided. The first of these
position error detectors provides a coarse signal which is
indicative of the rough or approximate final position. When
the "coarse" position is approached, the "fine" position
error detectors successively take over and precisely direct
the servo to it final position. Complete servo control is
thus realized at all time.
(1) Note. The servo systems classified herein differ from
the "slewing" systems in subclass 597, in that the error
signal maintains full control of the servo during the
"coarse" positioning mode; whereas in the "slewing" control
mode, control by the error signal is lost.
Subclass:
593
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 592. Subject matter
in which separate servo motors are provided for each of the
operating modes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
625 for systems which include plural servomotors.
Subclass:
594
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 592. Subject matter
in which the system in at least one operating mode is
controlled by digital means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
569 for digital servo systems responsive to a program or
pattern.
600 for digital servo systems, per se.
Subclass:
595
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 592. Subject matter
in which the position error detectors for each mode are
synchros. A synchro is a rotary position sensing
transformer. The different speeds are usually obtained by
use of a gear train.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
654 for synchro systems, per se.
660 for systems in which one of the synchros may be an
"Inductosyn". An "Inductosyn" is a planar two phase synchro.
661 for resolver systems, per se. A resolver is merely a
two phase synchro.
692 for "self-synchronous" motor controls in which the
receivers are selsyn motors. A selsyn motor is a device
similar to a synchro but which produces torque.
Subclass:
596
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter
in which the servo system includes means responsive to the
error signal to operate the servo full on or completely off
until a desires position operating range is attained at which
point a proportional control means assumes control to bring
the servo to a predetermined final position.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes systems in which
during the "on-off" mode, the power may be periodically
switched on and off.
(2) Note. The servo systems classified herein differ from
the "slewing" systems elsewhere (see search notes below) in
that the error signal maintains full control of the servo
during both "on-off" and proportional control modes, whereas
in a slewing control system control by the error signal is
lost.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
597 for slewing motor controls.
672 for "on-off" motor controls.
Subclass:
597
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 590. Subject matter
in which the servo system, includes means which, in response
to a predetermined type of error signal saturates and applies
maximum power to the servo motor. During this mode of
operation, the error signal loses control of the servo motor
which runs at maximum rate toward its ultimate position. This
mode is defined as the "slewing" mode. Means are provided
whereby the error signal regains control under the proper
conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561 for "band-bang" servos which are somewhat similar to
slewing systems except that the end position is continuously
predicted and thus the error signal does not lose control.
Subclass:
598
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 597. Subject matter
in which a separate "slewing" motor is provided when the
system operates in the "slewing" mode.
Subclass:
599
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 580. Subject matter
in which electric power pulses of fixed magnitude and
variable width are periodically applied and removed from the
servo motor. The variation in width is in accordance with
the servo error signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
341 and 345, for similar type systems for motor speed
control.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, subclass 106 for pulse width
demodulators, per se.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, subclass 26 and 41
for conversion systems which may include pulse width
modulation.
Subclass:
600
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the command signal is digital or numerical. A
digital or numerical command is one which is composed of one
or more discrete symbols which may form a code. These
symbols may take the form of any of the following examples:
(1) The presence or absence of a discrete value of electrical
voltage or current; (2) The presence or absence of a
perforated hole in a tape or card; (3) The presence or
absence of a discrete mechanical movement; (4) The making or
breaking of an electrical switch. The above examples are not
exclusive but merely representative.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
569 for programmed controlled digital servo systems.
594 for digital fine and coarse systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems,
appropriate subclass; see the search class note in the class
definition of this class (318).
Subclass:
601
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter
in which the system error signal is obtained by comparison of
the digital command signal with a position feedback signal
which is also in digital form. Included herein are systems
in which the position feedback includes an analog to digital
converter for generating the feedback in digital form.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, for code
converters, generators or transmitters.
Subclass:
602
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 601. Subject matter
in which the digital position feedback is obtained from a
commutating switch encoder, which encoder usually converts
position information of analogue to digital form.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, for encoders, per
se.
Subclass:
603
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter
in which a counting means acts as the comparator between the
command signal and the position signal.
(1) Note. For example: If the member is to be positioned a
certain increment from its present position, the command
signal introduces a count into the counting means which is
proportional to the distance to be moved, an error signal is
generated which causes the member to move toward its final
position, a feedback position indicator causes the
counting-means to count back toward zero; and upon reaching
zero the member is properly positioned, the error signal is
no longer generated and the system waits for the next
command.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
377, Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift
Registers: Circuits and Systems, for pulse counting
circuits.
Subclass:
604
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 600. Subject matter
in which the digital command signal is converted to an analog
signal which is compared with an analog position signal to
form the system error signal.
(1) Note. Included herein are systems which feature
specific digital to analog converters.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion, 126 for digital to
or from analog converters.
Subclass:
605
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 604. Subject matter
in which the analog comparison is by means of a synchro or
resolver system. A synchro is a rotary transformer used for
the instantaneous electrical transmission or reception of the
angular position data of rotating parts. A resolver is a
rotary transformer for resolving a vector into two mutually
perpendicular components, such as translating error angle
into electrical information corresponding to sine and cosine
of rotor angle.
(1) Note. Included herein are systems in which the synchro
or resolver transmitter is simulated by the digital to analog
converter.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
569 and especially subclass 573, for programmed controlled
digital systems in which a synchro or resolver transmitter
simulation may be employed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating, 1 for electric hybrid computers, and subclasses
270+ for digital function generation.
Subclass:
606
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This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which modulator means are provided wherein the command
signal or feedback signal either frequency modulates, or
phase modulates a system carrier. The system carrier is a
wave suitable for being modulated to transmit intelligence.
The modulation represents the information, and the original
wave is used only as the carrier of the modulation.
Combinations of phase and frequency modulation are commonly
referred to as frequency modulation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
684 for servo systems in which the novelty lies in the
modulator which may be a frequency or phase modulator.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
332, Modulators, 117 for a frequency modulator and
subclasses 144+ for a phase modulator, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 870.18, 870.25,
and 870.26 for frequency or phase modulated telemetering
systems and subclass 351, for code transmitters in which the
frequency of the carrier is modulated in accordance with the
code.
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices
(e.g., Radar Navigation), 128, 134+, 200+, and 202 for radio
wave communications.
455, Telecommunications, 42 for frequency or phase modulated
carrier systems, per se.
Subclass:
607
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Subject matter
in which the system includes a reference signal of the same
frequency as the carrier frequency which is used with means
to compare it with the modulated signal to obtain the
modulating wave.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
684 for servo systems in which the novelty lies in the
detector which may be an F M detector. Also subclass 318,
for motor speed control by electrical frequency difference
type detector.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 42 for miscellaneous
frequency comparison between a fixed frequency signal and a
variable frequency signal.
329, Demodulators, subclass 103 and 110+ for frequency
demodulation, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, 825.71 for frequency
responsive remote control systems.
Subclass:
608
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 606. Subject matter
in which the system includes a reference signal of the same
frequency as the carrier frequency and of a fixed phase which
is used with means to compare it with the phase modulated
signal to obtain the modulating wave.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
683 for servo systems with particular phase sensitive
discriminators. Also, subclass 314, for motor speed control
with electrical phase difference type detectors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.52 and 76.77+
for measuring and testing systems which include phase
comparison.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 3 for phase comparison of plural
inputs.
329, Demodulators, subclass 103 and 110 for phase
demodulation, per se.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 825.70 for phase
responsive remote control systems.
Subclass:
609
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which two error detectors are provided: One which detects
the instantaneous positional errors and attempts to
immediately correct for them. This detector contributes what
is termed "proportional" control to the system. The second
error detector senses the instantaneous position with respect
to the long term average position. This detector contributes
what is a termed "reset" or "integral" control to the system.
The two signals are summed to provide a composite system
error signal.
(1) Note. In the systems classified herein, the "reset" or
"integral" control is provided to increase long term system
stability and it is really a special form of "lag" circuit.
A "lag" circuit is any electrical circuit which integrates.
(2) Note. Systems of this nature may control any type or
process such as temperature control, fluid flow, a chemical
condition, mixtures, etc., as a result the art is widely
scattered.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
621 for systems which include lead and/or lag compensation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electrical Heating, subclass 497 for electric heating
systems which may include reset control features.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 518 for miscellaneous control
circuits which may include reset features.
364, Electrical Computers and Data Processing Systems, 130
for computer controlled manufacturing process controllers
which may include reset features.
Subclass:
610
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 609. Subject matter
in which a third error detector is provided which detects the
rate of change of the position and contributes what is termed
a "rate" or "differential" control to the system. This rate
signal is also summed with the two previous signal to
provided a composite system error signal.
(1) Note. In the systems classified herein, the "rate" or
"differential" control is provided to increase short system
stability and is really a special form or a "leaf" circuit.
A "lead" circuit is any electrical circuit which
differentiates.
(2) Note. In the systems classified herein, the "rate" or
"differential" control is often provided to prevent "reset
windup". "Reset windup" is an art term which means that the
system is unstable when subjected to quickly changing error
signals.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
621 for systems which include lead and/or lag compensation.
Subclass:
611
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the system includes stabilizing means which prevents
hunting and minimizes overshooting of the commanded
position.
(1) Note. Hunting is a condition of instability in a
feedback control device which is essentially an uncontrolled
oscillation due to insufficient feedback, improper phase
shift or underdamping. The oscillations cause the positioned
element to swing about its commanded position without
stopping at the position.
(2) Note. Overshooting is a damped oscillation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
448 for automatic starting or stopping motor controls which
include anti-hunt control.
Subclass:
612
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is by electrical means such as
dynamic braking of the servo motors as the system approaches
balance. Dynamic braking is forcing the motor to act as a
generator which thus absorbs its rotational energy.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
211 for induction motor braking systems using dynamic
braking. Also subclasses 371 and 375, for motor braking
systems using dynamic braking.
Subclass:
613
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 612. Subject matter
in which dynamic braking is achieved by introducing DC into
the windings of an AC servo motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
211 for induction motor dynamic braking by DC in AC
windings.
Subclass:
614
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is by friction braking as the
system approaches balance.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
371 and 372, for motor control systems with friction
braking.
Subclass:
615
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means employees a separate auxiliary
feedback loop in addition to the positional feedback loop.
Subclass:
616
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 615. Subject matter
in which the auxiliary feedback loop senses the rate of
positioning and introduces a signal proportional to the rate
into the servo loop to reduce the magnitude of the servo
error signal as the final position is approached.
(1) Note. For example, the counter E. M. F. of the servo
motor can be measured to obtain the rate signal.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 364 for fluid
motor control systems which include rate feedback.
Subclass:
617
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 616. Subject matter
in which the rate sensing circuit is made variable to further
enhance the stabilizing effect.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
651 for position servos which include an error detector
responsive to acceleration.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 364 for fluid
motor control systems which include variable rate feedback.
Subclass:
618
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 616. Subject matter
in which the means to sense the rate is an electrical
tachometer.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
312 and 326, for electric motor speed control which employ
electrical tachometers or equivalent devices for speed
control.
Subclass:
619
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is a means for changing the
gain of the servo loop of its bandwidth. The bandwidth is
the upper and lower limit of frequencies to which the servo
will respond.
(1) Note. For example, the variable gain element in the
loop may be used to make the loop less sensitive to large
error signals with means to increase the gain as balance is
achieved.
(2) Note. For example, the bandwidth may be made variable
so the loop is made more or less sensitive to certain
frequency components which are present in the command
signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
561 for adaptive or optionizing controls which may utilize
variable gain elements.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 aircraft controls which include
variable gain or bandwidth systems.
Subclass:
620
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is a nonlinear circuit.
(1) Note. For example, the circuit may include a nonlinear
resistor which changes its effective value in response to the
applied voltage.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 379 for
nonlinear fluid motor systems.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 132 for
measuring and testing devices which use nonlinear elements
(e.g., thyrite).
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, appropriate subclasses for
miscellaneous nonlinear circuits and particularly 334 for an
output signal which is a nonlinear mathematical function of
an input signal.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 110 for nonlinear impedance in the
feedback path of an amplifier. Also subclass 183 for
nonlinear devices as interstage coupling.
Subclass:
621
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is a lead or lag circuit or a
combination of both. A "lead" circuit is defined as a
circuit whose output voltage leads the input voltage over a
certain range of frequencies. Sometimes it may be referred to
as an "integrating" circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
609 for "reset" servomechanisms which use integral and
differential compensation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 335 for miscellaneous
differentiating circuits and subclasses 336+ for
miscellaneous integrating circuits.
Subclass:
622
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 621. Subject matter
in which the lead and lag circuit is adapted for use in an AC
servo loop.
(1) Note. Since many lead and lag circuits will only
operate on DC Voltages, the systems classified herein may
include: Means to demodulate the AC signals in an AC servo
loop, passing the demodulated signal through the lead or lag
circuit, and then remodulating the resultant signal.
Subclass:
623
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is a load stabilizer where the
positioned load may have appreciable inertia.
(1) Note. For example, the load stabilizer may be a
viscous, magnetic or friction damper.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 125 for
measuring and testing devices which include damping of this
type.
Subclass:
624
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 611. Subject matter
in which the stabilizing means is a deadband in the servo
loop which requires the servo error signal to be of a
predetermined threshold magnitude before any control takes
place.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
244, Aeronautics, 175 for aircraft control systems which
include deadband devices for control purposes.
Subclass:
625
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the system includes more than one motor.
Subclass:
626
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which means are provided to prevent the servo loop from
driving the positioned member beyond predetermined limits.
(1) Note. Included herein are synchro systems which include
means to prevent a synchro from locking onto a balance point
which is 180 deg. out of phase with the proper balance
point.
Subclass:
627
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the servo system scans the sector between the limit
stops.
Subclass:
628
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the servo system is a "Feelback" system. "Feelback"
is that characteristic of a servo system in which the servo
system does not apply all the force required in positioning
the member, but is a manual assist device.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
2 for motor controls including manual driving means.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
91, Motors: Expansible Chamber Type, subclass 434, for fluid
servomechanisms including "Feelback" is included.
Subclass:
629
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which means are provided to eliminate from any of the
servo loop signals an unwanted harmonic, an undesirable
voltage component, or a quadrature component.
(1) Note. For example, an unwanted harmonic may be
eliminated by the use of filtering.
(2) Note. For example, an undesirable voltage or quadrature
signal may be bucked out of the system by introducing a
signal of equal but opposite magnitude.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, subclass 549 for miscellaneous
circuits with hum or interaction prevention and subclasses
551+ for miscellaneous unwanted signal elimination.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 39 for electrical
conversion systems including means to eliminate an unwanted
harmonic.
Subclass:
630
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which some means to prevent "backlash" is provided to
increase the accuracy of the positioned member. "Backlash"
is an inherent inaccuracy more or less present in ever
mechanical device caused by the "give" between parts.
Backlash is also present in electrical components. Included
herein are systems which do not specifically recite the term
"backlash" but effectively compensate for it by always
approaching balance from the same direction.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, subclass 409 and 440+,
machine elements, for means to eliminate backlash from
gearing.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, 124 for
a boring or drilling machine with provision to compensate for
backlash.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing, subclass 146 for a
gear cutting machine with backlash compensation.
Subclass:
631
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which means are provided to eliminate static friction.
Static friction is usually higher than running friction and
has a deleterious effect on servo performance.
(1) Note. For example, by applying a low magnitude AC
signal to the motor at all times, the rotor of the motor
continuously vibrates at null to eliminate the static
friction. The application of an AC signal is termed using a
"Dither" voltage.
Subclass:
632
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which a compensating means is provided to improve servo
performance.
(1) Note. For example, velocity compensation may be
introduced into the servo loop to decrease the magnitude of
the servo error signal and thus increase the ability of the
servomechanism to correctly follow the command signal.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
655 for synchro differential systems in which various
compensation signals are added by means of the differential
synchro.
Subclass:
633
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the compensating means compensates for "Two cycle
error". "Two cycle error" is that characteristic of a
position sensing device, usually caused by finite mechanical
tolerances, which causes the device to exhibit a non-random
error during each cycle of operation which repeats itself
twice.
(1) Note. For example, the rotor of a synchro, because of
mechanical limitation, will wobble minutely back and forth
during 360 of rotation and cause a "Two cycle error".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
654 and 661, for synchro or resolver systems, per se, which
may include such features.
Subclass:
634
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 632. Subject matter
in which the compensating means compensates for temperature
effects on the servo.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 105 for electrical
measuring and testing instruments including thermal
compensation.
Subclass:
635
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which means are provided to limit the magnitude of a servo
signal, or some voltage or current in the servo system.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 306 for miscellaneous amplitude
limiting circuits.
Subclass:
636
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which a servo signal is not continuously measured, but is
periodically sampled at a rate high enough so that there are
no deleterious effects on servo performance. Also included
herein are that class of servomechanisms termed "sample data"
control systems.
(1) Note. Not included herein are systems in which the DC
signal is converted into an equivalent AC signal by means of
a "chopper" or a modulator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
331 and 341, for motor speed control systems which may
include similar techniques.
Subclass:
637
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which included in the system is same form of analog
computation. In other words, a mathematical problem solving
servomechanism.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
661 for resolver systems which, for example, solve vector
problems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
708, Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating, 1 and 800+, respectively, for electric hybrid
computers or analog computers which may include analog
circuits employing servomechanisms.
Subclass:
638
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which a particular error detecting means is provided. An
error detector is a device which compares the command signal
with the feedback signal and produces an error signal related
to the difference between these signals.
Subclass:
639
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detector is responsive to plural, diverse
conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
452 for open-loop automatic motor controls responsive to
plural, diverse conditions.
Subclass:
640
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detector is a radiant energy photoelectric
or optical measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
480 for open-loop automatic motor controls responsive
radiant energy.
577 for photoeclectric line followers.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, 200 for radiant energy devices and
systems employing photocells.
Subclass:
641
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a temperature measuring
instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471 for open-loop automatic motor controls responsive to
thermal conditions.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, 497, electric heating, for automatic
regulating or control for electric heating means responsive
to temperature.
340, Communications: Electrical, 584, electrical
communication systems automatically responsive to
temperature.
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclass 168 for a
self-rebalancing electrical thermometer.
Subclass:
642
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a liquid level
measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
482 for open-loop automatic motor controls responsive to
liquid level or level of a granular material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 290 for measuring and testing
devices which measure liquid level.
340, Communications: Electrical, 612 for electrical
communication systems automatically responsive to the level
of a fluent or pulverized material.
Subclass:
643
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a moisture content or
wetness measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
483 for open-loop automatic motor control responsive to
moisture content or wetness.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 29.02 for measuring and testing
devices employing hygrometers.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 602 for
electrical communications systems automatically responsive to
moisture or humidity.
Subclass:
644
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a flow measuring
instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 861 for measuring and testing
devices employing flow measuring instruments.
340, Communications: Electrical, 606 for electrical
communication systems automatically responsive to flow of
fluent or pulverized material.
Subclass:
645
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a fluid pressure
measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
481 for open-loop automatic motor controls responsive to
pressure in a fluid or granular material.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 37 for measuring and testing
devices with pressure measuring instruments.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 626 for
electrical communication systems automatically responsive to
pressure.
Subclass:
646
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a force or weight
measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 769 for specific circuit
structure in apparatus for measuring stress or strain.
340, Communications: Electrical, subclass 666 for
electrical communication systems automatically responsive to
weight.
346, Recorders, 9 for weight responsive recorders.
Subclass:
647
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a magnetic field
measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 355 for geometrical instruments
which measure magnetic fields.
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, subclass 244 for
electrical measuring and testing instruments which measure a
magnetic field.
Subclass:
648
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is an inertial, direction,
or inclination measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 340 for geometric instruments
which measure direction, inclination or inertia.
244, Aeronautics, subclass 79 and 80 for automatic control
of aircraft responsive to gyroscopes or pendulums.
Subclass:
649
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 648. Subject matter
in which the measuring instrument includes a stable
platform.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
591 for multiple mode servomechanisms with mode engagement
features such as the erection of gyroscopes.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 321 for geometrical instruments
which include one or more gyroscopic elements that may form a
stable platform.
74, Machine Element or Mechanism, 5 for gyroscopes, per se,
and other related features.
Subclass:
650
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is a current, voltage or
electrical power measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
453 and 474+, for open-loop automatic motor control systems
responsive to current, voltage, or power.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing, 76.11 for
electrical measuring and testing which is responsive to
electricity, per se.
Subclass:
651
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the error detecting means is an acceleration
measuring instrument.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
617 for servomechanisms with variable rate compensation.
Also, subclass 648, for servomechanisms with inertia
measuring instruments.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, 488 for measuring and testing
devices responsive to acceleration.
244, Aeronautics, subclass 3.2 for missile guidance systems
in which the control is responsive to acceleration.
Subclass:
652
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 638. Subject matter
in which the system includes a particular position measuring
instrument.
Subclass:
653
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the position measuring instrument is a magnetic
transducer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, 115 for inductor devices of the
relatively movable coil or core type.
Subclass:
654
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
synchro. A synchro is a rotary transformer used for the
instantaneous electrical transmission or reception of angular
position data of rotating parts. Included herein are systems
in which both the command signal and the feedback position
signal are obtained from synchros.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, 115, especially subclasses 122+, for
inductor devices of the relatively movable core and coil
type.
Subclass:
655
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 654. Subject matter
in which a differential synchro circuit is used. A
differential synchro is a synchro in which both the stator
and the rotor are relatively rotatable with respect to fixed
reference, and the angular positional data obtained from such
a device in the sum or difference of the two rotations.
Subclass:
656
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Subject matter under subclasses 652 in which the particular
position measuring instrument is a differential transformer.
A differential transformer is a position indicating
transformer with at least one primary winding and a plurality
of secondary windings, the secondary windings are in bucking
or aiding relationship. Some portion of the magnetic circuit
of the transformer will affect the coupling of the secondary
windings in responses to position and the secondary windings
will give a voltage indication of the position sensed.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, 115 for inductor devices of the
relatively movable core and coil type.
Subclass:
657
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Subject matter
in which the differential transformer is the linear type.
Included herein are relatively movable core and coil type
linear differential transformers. A linear differential
transformer is one in which the coils and core are physically
arranged on line.
Subclass:
658
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Subject matter
in which the differential transformer is of the "E" type. An
"E" type differential transformer is one in which the
magnetic structure takes the form of an E.
Subclass:
659
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 656. Subject matter
in which the differential transformer is a "Microsyn" type.
A microsyn is a rotary type differential transformer in which
the coils and core are relatively angularly movable.
Subclass:
660
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is an
"Inductosyn". An "Inductosyn" is a rotary or linear
synchro-like device in which the rotor and stator windings
move relative to each other in parallel planes. Included
herein are devices in which the rotor and stator windings are
printed circuits.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
654 and 661, for synchro or resolver type systems which are
directly analogous in function to "Inductosyns".
Subclass:
661
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
resolver. A resolver is a rotary transformer which has two
phase windings on either or both the rotor and stator and may
be used for resolving a vector into two mutually
perpendicular components, such as translating rotor angle
into electrical information corresponding to the sine and
cosine of rotor angle. A resolver may also be considered as
a two phase synchro.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
654 for synchro systems, per se.
Subclass:
662
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
variable capacitor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 277 for
variable capacitors, per se.
Subclass:
663
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
potentiometer. A potentiometer is any voltage dividing
circuit. Included herein are systems using autotransformers
as A C potentiometers. Also included herein are systems in
which the command signal is introduced by one half of a
Wheatstone bridge and the feedback potentiometer forms the
other half of the bridge.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
338, Electrical Resistors, 68 for mechanically variable
resistors.
Subclass:
664
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Subject matter
in which the position measuring potentiometer is circular and
means are provided to sense the minor arc to be travelled in
reaching the commanded position whereby positioning will be
achieved in minimum time.
Subclass:
665
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Subject matter
in which the position measuring potentiometer is circular and
means are provided to allow continuous rotation of the wiper
beyond 360 deg..
Subclass:
666
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Subject matter
in which both the mechanical length of the potentiometer and
the tap are both controllable.
Subclass:
667
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 663. Subject matter
in which the feedback loop contains a bridge circuit which
does not necessarily null out when the servo loop is
balanced.
(1) Note. Excluded from this subclass are potentiometer
systems in which the feedback potentiometer forms one half of
a Wheatstone bridge. See definition of 663, supra.
Subclass:
668
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 667. Subject matter
in which the bridge circuit includes means for
recalibration.
Subclass:
669
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
means for measuring the length of a standing wave. This
means may take the form of a resonator, mechanical or
electrical, dependent upon the type of wave being measured.
Subclass:
670
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 652. Subject matter
in which the particular position measuring instrument is a
means for measuring contact resistance.
Subclass:
671
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 560. Subject matter
in which the servo system includes a particular motor control
responsive to the actuating signal.
Subclass:
672
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is the discontinuous or
"on-off" type.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
599 for "on-off" and proportional control systems.
Subclass:
673
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter
in which the discontinuous or "on-off" motor control is part
of a "seeking" switch system. A "seeking" switch system is
one in which the motor moves the wiper of a multiposition
noncoded switch until a circuit which includes the motor and
the switch is found which deenergizes the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
602 for analogous digital systems in which the motor drives
a commutating switch type digital encoder.
Subclass:
674
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 672. Subject matter
in which the discontinuous or "on-off" motor control is
controlled by a Wheatstone bridge circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
663 for potentiometer systems which may be of the Wheatstone
type.
Subclass:
675
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the transmitter or initiating controller comprises
at least two relatively movable parts one of which is moved
to effect starting of the follow-up motor and the other of
which is actuated by the motor or devices driven thereby in a
direction so as to follow the said one part.
(1) Note. The following is an illustrative example.
[figure]
Subclass:
676
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which means are provided for causing the follow-up motor
to return the transmitter to its normal or original position
at which position the motor is not adapted to run or
operate.
(1) Note. An example of a transmitter returned follow-up
arrangement comprises a differential gearing where in one
element is driven by a control shaft, another element is
driven by a controlled motor and the third element devices a
circuit controlling means such as a switch. When the switch
is in the neutral position, the arrangement is at rest. If
the control shaft turns, the third element of the gearing
drives the switch to an operating position to initiate
operation of the motor to drive the second gearing element to
drive the third gearing element to return the switch to
neutral. The following is an illustrative example.
[figure]
Subclass:
677
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control system includes a
particular servoamplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, 1 for amplifiers, per se.
Subclass:
678
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Subject matter
in which the particular servoamplifier includes a
differential amplifier. A differential amplifier consists of
two amplifying devices in parallel with a one common path
(e.g., common cathode or common emitter), which senses the
difference between a signal on the control electrode of the
first amplifying device with the signal on the control
electrode of the second amplifying device.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, subclass 69 for sum and difference
amplifiers and subclass 116 for balanced to unbalanced
amplifiers. See the notes thereunder.
Subclass:
679
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Subject matter
in which the particular servoamplifier includes diverse types
of amplifiers in the various stages.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, subclass 3 for amplifiers with plural
diverse type amplifying devices.
Subclass:
680
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Subject matter
in which the particular servoamplifier is a magnetic
amplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, subclass 8 for saturable reactor type
amplifiers and subclass 63, for magnetic amplifiers.
Subclass:
681
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular servoamplifier is a solid-state
amplifier.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, 250 for solid-state amplifiers.
Subclass:
682
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 677. Subject matter
in which the particular servoamplifier is a rotating
amplifier. For example, a generator with plural field
winding which control current, voltage or power output.
Included herein are "Ward-Leonard" control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
140 for generator-fed motor speed control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, for single
generator systems in which the generator is connected as an
amplifier.
330, Amplifiers, subclass 58 for rotating amplifiers, per
se.
Subclass:
683
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control includes a particular
phase discriminator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
608 for position servomechanisms using phase comparison.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
329, Demodulators, subclass 103 and 110+, for particular
phase demodulators or detectors.
Subclass:
684
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control includes a particular
modulator or detector. Included herein are "chopper"
systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
330, Amplifiers, subclass 9 and 10 for chopper or modulated
amplifying systems.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, 87 for magnetically operated periodic
switches (e.g., vibrators).
Subclass:
685
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is used to control a
"Step-by-step" or stepping motor; and the servo loop is
closed by feeding back a position signal from the motor shaft
back to the servo input.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
696 for "open-loop" stepping motor control systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 49
for the structure of stepping motors.
Subclass:
686
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is used to control a
reciprocating or oscillating motor.
(1) Note. For the definition of a "reciprocating" or
"oscillating" motor, see the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 15 for
reciprocating electric motors and subclasses 36+ for
oscillating electric motors.
Subclass:
687
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is used to control a
linear movement motor.
(1) Note. For a definition of "linear-movement" motor, see
Linear Movement Motors of the class definition.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
135 and the subclasses specified in the Notes to the
definition of that subclass for other linear-movement motor
systems.
686 for reciprocating or oscillating motor systems under
subclass 671.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 12 for linear
electric motors.
Subclass:
688
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is used to control a
shaded pole motor. A shaded pole motor is a single phase
induction or hysterysis motor where field shifting or
distortion means is provided to determine direction of
rotation.
Subclass:
689
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 671. Subject matter
in which the particular motor control is used to control a
torque motor. A torque motor is any motor which may operate
in an energized but non-rotating mode primarily, to provide
torsional force to the positioned load.
Subclass:
690
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which a motor acts as a receiver or slave
device with respect to a master or transmitter device. The
receiver motor is termed "self-synchronous" in that it has
the ability to produce torque in direct response to a command
from the transmitter and to position itself in response to
the command. No additional feedback loop or servomotors are
included in these systems.
(1) Note. In the systems in this and the indented
subclasses, the position or movement of the receiver motor is
always substantially synchronized with the transmitter
command.
Subclass:
691
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter
which means are provided for receiving a signal or control
energy from the transmitter and delivering to the receiver
motor a signal or control energy, the magnitude or energy
content of which is appreciably greater than that received
from the transmitter.
(1) Note. This subclass excludes mere voltage or current
transformer systems where the magnitude of either the voltage
or current output is greater than the input voltage or
current, but the energy content at the output is the same or
less than the input energy.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
505 for motor armature or primary circuit control by space
discharge devices.
727 for induction motor control by space discharge devices
in the primary circuit.
818 for induction motor control by space discharge devices
in the field or secondary circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
appropriate subclasses for miscellaneous systems for
controlling the output of electrical energy by means of a
smaller quantity of electrical energy.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses for amplifiers
generally (where the output signal wave shape is a
substantial replica of the input wave shape).
Subclass:
692
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter
in which the transmitter is of the same or similar structure
as its self-synchronous receiver motor.
(1) Note. Systems classified herein are not to be confused
with synchro transformer systems found in subclass 654,
supra. A synchro transformer is an angular position pickoff
device which cannot develop torque as can self-synchronous
motor systems.
(2) Note. The transmitter and receiver windings of the
systems in this subclass are some times called "selsyn"
devices.
(3) Note. The following is an illustrative example:
[figure]
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
654 for synchro-transformer systems, see (1) Note above.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for the
structure of transformers and inductive reactors.
Subclass:
693
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter
in which the transmitter comprises an impedance device which
is effective to vary the characteristics of the voltage or
current supplied to the receiver device.
Subclass:
694
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter
in which the transmitter comprises a dynamo-electric machine
in which the field producing means and the brushes are
angularly adjustable relative to each other and the
electrical circuits extending from the transmitter are
connected at the transmitter end thereof to the commutator
brushes.
Subclass:
695
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under subclass 690. Subject matter
in which the transmitter comprises a multiple contact switch
with control circuits extending from the several contacts and
a distributing contactor relatively movable into and out of
contact with the said several contacts.
(1) Note. The following is an illustrative example.
[figure]
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
693 for impedance-type transmitters having relatively
movable commutator and brush.
Subclass:
696
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter in which a rotary electric motor; of the type
in which the rotary element tends to assume a predetermined
angular position when the motor is continuously energized;
indexes in discrete angular increments of essentially uniform
magnitude as a function of pulse inputs derived from outside
the motor.
(1) Note. The pulses supplied to the motors used in these
systems are not responsive to rotor movement or position.
(2) Note. Nonstepping space discharge commutated motors are
classified elsewhere.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for nonstepping space discharge commutated motors
685 for closed-loop servomechanisms which employ stepping
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 49
for the structure of stepping motors.
Subclass:
700
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR SYSTEMS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein the system of supply and/or control is
for a synchronous motor.
(1) Note. See Synchronous motor of the class definition for
the definition of a "synchronous motor" as used in this
subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder.
(2) Note. Where the frequency or the periodicity of the
armature or primary circuit currents is determined solely by
means actuated by the motor itself, classification is not
herein but in some other appropriate subclass. See subclass
254.
(3) Note. In synchronous motors an energized alternating
current winding produces a rotating electromagnetic field on
a first member, and a fixed polarity magnetic field on a
second member is rotatively movable with respect to the first
member. The interaction of the two magnetic fields produces
the rotation of the motor. The alternating current winding is
referred to as the armature or the primary winding, and when
the fixed field is produced by an energized winding, the
energized winding is called the field winding.
(4) Note. Since synchronous motors are frequently used for
phase or power-factor control purposes either (a) solely for
such purposes by merely being connected to a power circuit
with no load device being connected to the motor and
generally, but not necessarily, having field excitation
control means, or (b) for the combined purposes of phase or
power-factor control and for driving useful load devices, it
has been deemed advisable to classify the patents relating to
synchronous motor systems in accordance with the function or
functions performed thereby. Accordingly, synchronous
"motor" systems will be classified on the basis of phase or
power-factor control when the claimed subject matter is
limited to such functions and all other synchronous motor
systems will be classified on the basis of synchronous motors
regardless of the disclosure in the respective
specifications. Thus, for example, synchronous "motor"
systems will be classified on the basis of:
A. Phase or Power-Factor Control. When the claimed subject
matter: (1) refers to, or designates, the synchronous motor
as: a. "phase adjusting means", b."phase modifier", c.
"synchronous phase modifier", d. "synchronous condenser", e.
"or any other means, the title of which definitely signifies
that its function is to control phase or power factor such
as, for example, as a f. "synchronous machine for correcting
or modifying the power factor", or g. "synchronous motor for
varying the power factor" which synchronous motor or machine
is not limited to driving or actuating a useful load device
and is connected to an electric circuit or system which is
capable of supplying driving energy to the machine and which
system is susceptible to having its phase or power factor
affected by the machine; (2) refers to, or designates, the
synchronous motor as a."synchronous machine", or b.
"synchronous motor" and limits the motor or machine to being
unloaded and is connected to an appropriate source of energy
which is capable of supplying driving energy thereto which
source is susceptible to having its phase or power factor
affected by the machine; (3) refers to, or designates, the
synchronous motor as a."synchronous machine", or a b.
"synchronous motor" and is connected to an electrical system
to which other load or translating devices or circuits are
also connected, none of which other loads, however, being
electric motors or otherwise limited to a particular art
device or load such as, for example, a "lamp", "secondary
battery", "space-discharge device", etc., and which
synchronous machine or motor is not limited to driving or
actuating a useful mechanical load device, regardless of
whether excitation control means are claimed or not.
B. Synchronous Motor Systems. When the claimed subject
matter: (1) refers to, or designates, the synchronous "motor"
as (a) "synchronous machine", or a (b) "synchronous motor",
and (2) is not included under part "A", immediately
preceding, and (3) is not disclosed solely as a source of
electric energy.
(5) Note. In this subclass and those indented hereunder,
where the synchronous motor has at least one stationary
member and at least one rotating member movable relative to
the stationary member, the fixed member is called the
"stator" and the rotating member is called the "rotor".
(6) Note. Methods consistent with the apparatus in this
group of subclasses will be placed with the appropriate
apparatus.
(7) Note. In this subclass are synchronous motor systems
which include both an armature or primary circuit and a
direct current field excitation circuit where changeover from
subsynchronous operation to synchronous operation or vice
versa is involved. Also here are motor systems which do not
require a DC field excitation circuit for synchronous
operation but are double fed alternating current motor
systems which operate at one or more synchronous speeds.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
47 for motor systems which include a synchronous and a
nonsynchronous motor mechanically interconnected in a fixed
or predetermined ratio of movement.
119 for motor systems having a reciprocating or oscillating
motor that operates synchronously with the periodicity of the
source which supplies the electric energy thereto.
148 for generator-fed synchronous motor wherein the motor is
controlled by controlling the generator.
254 see (2) Note above.
560 for follow-up electric motor systems in which the motor
controlled is a synchronous motor or operates, if at all, at
a speed substantially synchronously with the motion of the
transmitter.
731 for doubly fed induction motors which can run at
synchronous speeds.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 201-204 for phase control systems including
synchronous dynamoelectric machines.
Subclass:
701
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hysteresis or reluctance motor systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
wherein the motor includes a motor winding energized with
alternating current by the system of supply and/or control to
form a rotating magnetic field and (a) a rotor member of high
magnetic retentivity which acquires a fixed magnetic field by
induction from the energized winding and is thus attracted to
the rotating field to rotate at the speed of the rotating
field or (b) a rotor member which assumes a position of
minimum magnetic reluctance with respect to the rotating
magnetic field and, as a result of the magnetic field's
rotation, rotates at the speed of the rotating magnetic
field.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
254 for motor systems having a self-commutated motor in
which the rotor tends to assume positions of minimum magnetic
reluctance when energized.
Subclass:
702
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Antihunting or damping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
which includes means to reduce or eliminate variations in the
speed of the energized synchronous motor from the synchronous
speed.
(1) Note. Braking to maintain the synchronous motor speed
constant is considered to be "running speed control", see
Motor Braking Control of the general class notes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
161 for motors having flywheels or other massive rotary
member which may act to reduce hunting.
448 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
automatic motor systems which include antihunting means.
704 for synchronous motor synchronization systems which
includes squirrel cage or other short circuited windings
which may act as antihunting or damping means during running
speed operation.
Subclass:
703
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Braking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
which includes means to slow down or stop the rotation of the
energized synchronous motor.
(1) Note. See the general class notes, Acceleration
Control, for the distinction between braking and
deceleration.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
362 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
other motor systems having means for braking action types of
electric motors.
757 for the braking of induction motors by power reversal
and mechanical and dynamic braking means.
Subclass:
704
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Pole changing motor winding circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
which includes an alternating current motor winding connected
to an electric circuit, or a field winding connected to an
electric circuit, or both an alternating current winding and
a field winding each connected to an electric circuit wherein
the electric circuit in each instance includes switching
means to change the number of magnetic poles of the motor
winding or windings.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
motors or subcombinations of motors capable of running at
more than one speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
352 for field or secondary control circuits for changing the
number of poles in field windings or secondary motor windings
in running speed control circuits.
524 for field or secondary control circuits for changing the
number of poles in field windings generally.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems, subclass 62 for
generators having a convertible number of poles.
Subclass:
705
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Synchronization systems:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
wherein the motor includes an alternating current winding and
a field winding and the system includes an alternating
current circuit connected to the alternating current winding
of the motor to generate a rotating electromagnetic field,
means to rotate the motor near synchronous speed and a
circuit connected to the field winding of the motor to form a
direct current magnetic field when the motor is rotating at
near-synchronous speed so that the direct current field being
attracted to the rotating magnetic field of the motor will
rotate the motor at the speed of the rotating field.
(1) Note. As used in this subclass group, the term
"synchronization" refers to the changing over of the
operation of the synchronous motor from mechanical rotation
by any means to rotation by the rotating magnetic field of
the motor at the speed of the rotating field.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
700 for synchronous motor systems which may include the
primary or armature motor circuit and the field excitation
circuit where synchronization is not claimed.
716 for synchronous motor field circuits where no armature
or alternating current circuits are also claimed.
720 for synchronous motor armature or primary circuits where
no field circuit is also claimed.
Subclass:
706
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With armature power removal upon failure to synchronize or
loss of synchronism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter
wherein the system includes an alternating current circuit
having a switching means to apply ac power to the AC winding
of the motor and means responsive to some condition of the
energized motor related to the operation of the motor at
subsynchronous speed to control the switching means to
de-energize the ac winding of the motor upon failure of the
motor to achieve or maintain rotation at the speed of the
rotating magnetic field.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
445 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
automatic control of other electric motors including
automatic starting and/or stopping of electric motors.
519 for armature circuit control of electric motor system
generally by the making and/or braking of the motor armature
circuit.
Subclass:
707
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Upon failure to resynchronize:
This subclass is indented under subclass 706. Subject matter
which includes a second switching means in the circuit
connected to the field winding, the means responsive to a
condition of the energized motor detecting the failure of the
motor to synchronize and controlling the second switching
means to remove the DC power from the field and to reapply
power to the field a predetermined number of times and
controlling the first switching means to remove power from
the AC winding of the motor if the motor still does not
synchronize.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
437 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto, for
motor systems having means for phasing nonsynchronous
motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 85
for systems of interconnecting plural supply circuits or
plural generators for synchronous operation.
Subclass:
708
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to thermal electrical element in system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 706. Subject matter
wherein the means responsive to some condition includes a
heat sensitive electrical element to control the switching
means.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
471 for motor control means responsive to thermal conditions
of the motor circuit or in or about the motor.
511 for inherently or self-variable impedance for motor
armature circuits generally which include an impedance whose
value changes as a result of temperature changes.
Subclass:
709
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Having different armature voltage prior to synchronism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter
wherein the alternating current winding circuit includes
electrical means to apply one alternating voltage to the
alternating currore synchronous operation and another value
of voltage to the motor for synchronous motor operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
504 for voltage motor armature circuit control generally.
Subclass:
710
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With D.C. field removal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter
which includes means responsive to the loss of synchronism in
the motor to control the circuit connected to the field
winding of the motor to cut the DC power to the field winding
of the motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type not only
removes the DC power from the field winding but can also
reapply the DC power to the field winding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
536 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
other motor control systems in which the field circuit is
made and/or broken.
712 for synchronous motor synchronization systems to apply
the DC field to a synchronous motor.
716 for field circuits of synchronous motor systems where
the power to the circuit may be switched on or off.
Subclass:
711
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With electronic control element in system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 710. Subject matter
wherein the means to control the circuit includes an
electronic element to regulate the removal of DC power from
the DC field winding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
532 for general motor field or secondary circuit control by
means of a space discharge device in the field circuit.
716 for the control of power to the field winding of the
synchronous motor.
Subclass:
712
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With field excitation application:
This subclass is indented under subclass 705. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the field winding includes
switching means to connect a direct current source of power
to the field winding of the motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
electromagnetic and electronic switches.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
536 for general motor field or secondary circuit control by
making or braking the circuit.
710 for synchronous motor synchronization systems including
means to remove the direct current excitation of the field
circuitry.
716 for synchronous motor field excitation circuits only
with means to apply or remove the excitation from the
circuits.
Subclass:
713
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to slip voltage frequency in DC field winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter
wherein the rotating magnetic field and the speed of the
rotating motor induce an AC voltage in the field winding and
which includes means responsive to the frequency of the
induced voltage to control the switching means to apply the
direct current power to the field winding.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 for motor field or secondary circuit control generally.
717 for synchronous motor field excitation application
circuits controlled by the frequency of the voltage induced
in the field winding circuits.
827 for induction motor secondary circuit control responsive
to the frequency of the secondary circuit.
Subclass:
714
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to armature current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter
having means sensing the current in the alternating current
circuit to control the switching means to connect a source of
direct current to the direct current winding of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 for motor field or secondary circuit control generally.
717 for synchronous motor field circuits responsive to a
motor condition.
Subclass:
715
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to rotor speed or rotor driven member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 712. Subject matter
wherein the switching means is actuated by means responsive
to the angular velocity of the rotor or to movement of a
member driven by the rotor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
461 for speed or rate of movement including tachometer-type
detectors for controlling motor circuits generally.
717 for synchronous motor field circuits, particularly
subclass 719 for synchronous motor speed responsive field
power sources.
Subclass:
716
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Field winding circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
which includes a field winding of a synchronous motor and an
electric circuit connected to the winding.
(1) Note. The circuits of this subclass type include those
which energize or control the field winding as by the
adjustment, change, or regulation of the direct current
winding of the synchronous motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
521 for motor field secondary circuit control generally.
700 for synchronous motor systems including both an armature
circuit and a field circuit where synchronization of the
motor is not claimed.
710 for synchronous motor synchronization systems which
include field winding excitation removal.
712 for synchronous motor synchronization systems which
include field winding excitation applications.
Subclass:
717
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to a motor condition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 716. Subject matter
wherein the field winding circuit is controlled by some
condition of the motor.
(1) Note. Motor conditions of this subclass type include,
for example, current in the motor, power factor in the motor,
the power taken by the motor, and the speed of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
453 for generally controlling a motor in response to plural
conditions one of which may be an electrical condition.
459 for generally controlling a motor in response to
terminal voltage or counterelectromotive force of controlled
motor.
471 for generally controlling a motor in response to thermal
conditions of the motor control means or in or about the
motor.
474 for generally controlling motor in response to armature
or secondary circuit current in the motor.
708 for synchronous motor synchronization systems responsive
to a thermal electric element in the system to control the
armature power removal upon failure to synchronize or loss of
synchronization.
713 for synchronous motor synchronizing systems responsive
to slip voltage frequency in the DC field winding to control
excitation of field winding.
714 for synchronous motor synchronization systems responsive
to motor armature current to control excitation of motor
field winding.
715 for synchronous motor synchronization systems responsive
to motor rotor speed or driven member to control excitation
of the motor field winding.
Subclass:
718
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Induced voltage in field winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Subject matter
wherein a rotating magnetic field from an alternating current
winding and rotating rotor induce a voltage in the field
winding includes a switching circuit under the control of the
induced voltage to control direct current to the field
winding.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, relay and electronic switching circuits.
(2) Note. Subject matter classified in this subclass may
include a armature or alternating current winding, but will
not include circuits connected to the armature winding. See
subclass 700 for synchronous motors with circuits connected
to the field and the alternating current winding when the
energized motor is in the running mode but not being
started.
(3) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, brushless motor solid-state switching device
circuits to control the application of direct current to the
field winding after the motor is near synchronous speed.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
459 for general motor control means responsive to terminal
voltage or counterelectromotive force of the controlled
motor.
Subclass:
719
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Speed responsive field power sources:
This subclass is indented under subclass 717. Subject matter
wherein the electric circuit connected to the field winding
includes direct current power sources whose power is
dependent upon the speed of the synchronous motor rotor.
(1) Note. The direct current sources of this subclass type
include, for example, DC generators and AC to DC converters.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
464 for motor control generally responsive to an electric
generator tachometer responsive to the speed of the motor.
Subclass:
720
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Armature winding circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 700. Subject matter
which includes an alternating current winding of the motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, circuits to energize or control the alternating
current winding of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
494 for armature circuit control of motor generally.
704 for synchronous motor pole changing motor winding
circuits.
706 for synchronous motor synchronization systems which
remove power form motor armature upon failure to synchronize
or upon loss of synchronization.
719 for synchronous motor synchronization systems wherein
the motor armature winding is different prior to
synchronism.
767 for induction motor circuit control circuits.
Subclass:
721
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to rotor shape position or speed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Subject matter
wherein the electric circuit includes means to regulate the
energization of the alternating current winding of the motor
under the control of the rotor rotation.
(1) Note. The regulating means may be controlled by, for
example, the speed of the rotor and the position of the rotor
shape with respect to the location of the rotating
alternating electromagnetic field or with respect to the
position of a direct current electromagnetic field or
permanent magnet field.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
461 for speed or rate of movement control of a motor
generally.
Subclass:
722
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Having electronic power conversion circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Subject matter
wherein the electric circuit includes a static type of power
converter which generates an electric wave-form which can be
used by the alternating current winding of the motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass types includes,
for example, cycloconverters, rectifier inverters, and
controlled and free-running oscillators and vibrators which
can generate electricity having a waveform useable by the
motor.
(2) Note. The power converter of this subclass type can
include vacuum tubes or solid-state devices which must be
electrically powered to operate as a generator.
(3) Note. The frequency of the converters of this subclass
type can be varied or switched between two different
frequencies, and generally with a change in frequency the
voltage of the waveform is changed accordingly.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for space discharge commutated motors.
768 for three phase induction motors operated from a single
phase source.
800 for induction motor primary circuits including
controlled power conversion during motor starting.
807 for induction motor primary circuits involving frequency
control of the circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 151 for conversion systems and subclass 154 for
miscellaneous systems with a specifically recited load
device.
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 365 for miscellaneous gating circuits
and subclasses 100+ for miscellaneous signal shaping,
converting, or generating.
363, Electric Power Conversion Systems, 13 for current
conversions, subclasses 148+ for phase conversions; and
subclasses 157+ for frequency conversions.
Subclass:
723
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Having variable frequency supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Subject matter
wherein the electric circuit has means to vary the rate of
cyclic variations of the electrical energy supplied to the
alternating current winding of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
110 for plural diverse or diversely controlled electric
motors having plural diverse or diversely controlled sources
for armature circuits having different frequencies.
503 for armature circuit control of motors, generally, which
includes controlling the frequency or pulsations of current
supplied to the armature circuit.
700 for synchronous motors having doubly fed circuits where
synchronization or resynchronization is not involved.
704 for synchronous motor synchronization systems.
807 for induction motor primary circuit frequency control.
Subclass:
724
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Having a plurality of windings or winding portions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 720. Subject matter
wherein the alternating current winding of the motor consists
of more than one winding or wherein such winding is formed of
sections which are connected together.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
495 for armature motor circuits, generally, having plural
diverse or diversely controlled armature windings.
502 for armature motor circuits, generally, having a
variable length or tapped armature winding.
700 for synchronous motors with armature and field
circuits.
705 for synchronous motor synchronization and
resynchronization systems.
767 for induction motor primary circuits which require
plural windings out of phase to start the motor.
Subclass:
725
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
REPULSION MOTOR SYSTEMS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter where the system of supply and/or control is
connected to a repulsion motor.
(1) Note. See the class definition for the meaning of
"repulsion motor" as used in the titles and definitions of
this subclass and the subclasses indented hereunder. Such
motors as are described in this section but having closed
circuits between the brushes (rather than merely "short"
circuits) are also classifiable in this subclass or in the
subclasses indented hereunder provided that these motors
function as repulsion motors.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 for alternating current commutating motor systems which
do not require short-circuited brushes or close-circuited
brushes in the operation of the motor.
728 for repulsion motor start, induction motor run systems.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 173 for
commutated alternating current motors.
Subclass:
726
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With added motor winding or convertible to series motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 725. Subject matter
wherein (a) the motor includes more than one winding forming
the inducing electromagnetic field, (b) the motor armature
has an added winding in addition to the commutated induced
winding, or (c) the system has circuitry to place the field
or inducing winding in series with the commutated winding of
the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
244 for alternating current series motor circuits.
Subclass:
727
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
INDUCTION MOTOR SYSTEMS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition.
Subject matter wherein the system of supply and/or control is
for an induction motor.
(1) Note. See Induction motors of the class definition for
the definition of "induction motor" as used in the titles and
definition of this subclass and of the subclasses indented
hereunder.
(2) Note. In this subclass and those indented hereunder,
where only one of the two conductors {see Class Definition,
Glossary, "Induction Motors"} rotates relative to the motor
supporting structure, that conductor and the motor structure
rotating with it is referred to in the title and definitions
as the "rotor", and the fixed part of the motor is referred
to as the "stator".
(3) Note. Nominal recitation of an induction motor (i.e.,
by name only) is an insufficient basis for classification in
this subclass or the subclasses indented hereunder. For
classification in this subclass or in the subclasses indented
hereunder, some electrical or structural characteristic of
induction motors (e.g., "secondary winding", "induced current
winding") must be recited.
(4) Note. The induction motors included in the systems
classifiable in this subclass or in the subclasses indented
hereunder must be of the type which rotate continuously for
at least one complete revolution (360 deg.). For motors
which rotate continuously for less than one complete
revolution ("stepping motors") see the note to subclass 696
of this class in the search notes below.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for motor systems having two or more induction motors
with synchronizing interconnections between the induction
motor secondaries.
49 for electrically cascaded motors one or more of which are
induction motors.
121 for motor systems having reciprocating motors which
operate on the principle of the induction motor.
135 for motor systems having linear movement motors which
operate on the principle of the induction motor.
148 for induction motors which are supplied by alternating
current generators, the generators being provided with
generator control means.
696 for stepping motors.
700 for synchronous motor systems where the motor is
provided with means for starting and/or accelerating the
motor as an induction motor.
725 for repulsion motors.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 166 for the
structure of induction motors.
Subclass:
728
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Repulsion start:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
having a switching means in the secondary circuit of the
motor arranged so that, when starting, the current induced in
the secondary member creates an electromagnetic field which
reacts with the electromagnetic field formed by the primary
member to cause the motor to accelerate and having means to
run the motor as an induction motor after starting.
(1) Note. The switching means of this subclass type
includes, for example, a commutator and brushes.
(2) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, repulsion-induction motors.
(3) Note. The means to run the motor as an induction motor
may or may not include the switching means.
(4) Note. See the general class notes for the definition of
a "repulsion motor".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
725 for repulsion motor systems generally.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 173
for alternating current commutating motors.
Subclass:
729
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Power-factor control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means connected to the primary
member, the secondary member, or to both to change the
electrical angle between the voltage and the current in one
or both of the members.
(1) Note. Means for adapting an induction motor for
operation from a source of supply having a number of phases
different from that for which the motor is wound are not
included here even though the power factor may be affected by
such means, particularly when condensers are employed in a
phase splitting arrangement. See Search Notes below.
(2) Note. The change of phase may be for starting or
running the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
438 for miscellaneous motor systems having power-factor
control means.
781 for induction motors operating from a single phase
source, particularly subclasses 794+. See (1) Note above.
809 for voltage phase angle control of the primary motor
circuit.
816 for split phase motor primary circuit voltage control.
Subclass:
730
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With plural separately movable rotors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the induction motor includes two rotors rotatable
with respect to each other.
(1) Note. One rotor may support the primary member and the
other rotor may support the secondary member, or one primary
member may be on a stator and the secondary may be supported
on one rotor with a second primary member on the other rotor,
and the system to supply or control may be connected to the
primary members, the secondary members, or to both.
(2) Note. The rotation of the motor may be reversed in this
subclass.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
731 for induction motors of the double fed type.
737 for self-cascaded, double fed induction motors.
Subclass:
731
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With voltage source connected to motor secondary:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the secondary member is connected to a system which
supplies it with a voltage in addition to the voltage
electromagnetically induced by the primary member.
(1) Note. The systems of this subclass type, for example,
control the speed or the torque of the energized motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for cascaded electrical motors which include induction
motors having other motors connected in series with the
secondary circuit thereof.
730 for plural rotor induction motor systems.
737 for self-cascaded induction motor systems.
Subclass:
732
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Electronic device controls current in secondary circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 731. Subject matter
wherein the system includes a three terminal electronic
device having two terminals connected in circuit with the
motor secondary and having the third terminal control the
passage of current between the other two terminals to or from
the secondary member of the motor.
(1) Note. The controlled electronic device of this subclass
type is an electric valve which can control the amount of
electrons or holes passing through the device. These devices
include solid-state switches, thyratrons, and controlled
vacuum and gas tubes. Saturable reactors are not included.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 365 for miscellaneous gating
circuits.
Subclass:
733
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Commutator connected to secondary winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 731. Subject matter
wherein the secondary member is energized through a rotary
switch at least one contact of which is stationary with
respect to the secondary member and another contact of which
rotates relative thereto with another part of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
738 for the definition of a "rotary switch".
Subclass:
734
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Slip rings connected to secondary winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 731. Subject matter
wherein the secondary member is energized continuously
through at least two sliding contacts at least one of which
is stationary with respect to the secondary winding.
(1) Note. Slip rings are a rotary electrical
interconnection device to join two conductive members and
consists usually of a resilient electrical member in contact
with a circular electrically conductive member.
Subclass:
735
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Rotor shaft coupled to dynamoelectric machine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 734. Subject matter
wherein the secondary member and the sliding contact
stationary with respect thereto are mounted on the induction
motor shaft and the shaft is mechanically coupled to another
dynamoelectric device.
Subclass:
736
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Slip rings connected to dynamoelectric machine winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 735. Subject matter
wherein the dynamoelectric device has windings and the
secondary winding of the induction motor is connected through
the sliding contacts to a winding of the dynamoelectric
device.
Subclass:
737
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Self-cascaded motor windings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the relatively movable members consist of plural
windings on each separate member, a first winding on one
member being in inductive relation with a second winding on
the other member, a third winding on the other member being
connected to the second winding, and a fourth winding on the
one member being connected to the third winding.
(1) Note. The winding arrangements of this subclass type
are in one induction motor rather than in cascaded machines.
(2) Note. The term "connected" includes an electrical or an
inductive connection between windings.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
49 for cascaded plural induction motors.
734 for doubly fed induction motor systems.
738 for induction motor systems with a commutated winding
generally.
Subclass:
738
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With commutated winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the primary winding, secondary winding, or some other
winding of the motor is energized through a rotary switch at
least one contact of which is stationary with respect to the
energized winding and another contact rotates relative
thereto with some other part of the motor.
(1) Note. The rotary switch of this subclass type is
usually a rotary electrical interconnection device which has
a ring or disc of individual electrically insulated
conducting sections around the periphery of the ring or disc
and has brushes contacting the sections serially by the
motion of the brushes or ring or disc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
138 for space-discharge-device commutated motor systems.
244 for AC, current-commutating motor systems.
439 for motor commutation control systems generally.
725 for repulsion motor supply or control circuits.
728 for circuits to supply or control repulsion
start-induction run motors and repulsion-induction motors.
733 for induction motor circuits having a commutator
connected directly to the secondary winding of the motor
which has a voltage source also connected to it.
734 for induction motor circuits whose secondary winding has
slip rings directly connected thereto, a voltage supplied to
it, and has a separate dynamoelectric machine with a
commutator forming part of the electrical system.
737 for self-cascaded double fed induction motor systems
using a commutated auxiliary winding in the motor to supply a
voltage to the induction motor secondary.
Subclass:
739
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Reversing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system connected to the primary winding of the
motor includes means to change the direction of the rotation
of the motor.
(1) Note. See Reversing Control class notes for the
distinction between reversing and braking.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
65 for the reversing of plural motors.
256 for plural diverse motor controls, generally, which
include motor reversing.
280 for more reversing generally.
Subclass:
740
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With diverse motor operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means to perform some additional
motor operation.
(1) Note. See Diverse Motor Operations of the Class
Definition Glossary as to what is included as a motor
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
256 and the search notes thereto for motor systems having a
plurality of unlike motor operations.
Subclass:
741
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With braking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 740. Subject matter
wherein the additional operation is braking.
(1) Note. See Motor Braking Control of the Class Definition
Glossary for the definition of "motor braking".
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
258 for general motor systems which include reversing,
running speed control, and braking.
261 and the notes thereto for motor systems having both
reversing and braking functions.
362 for motor braking systems generally.
757 for braking of induction motors.
Subclass:
742
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Electromagnetic brakes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 741. Subject matter
wherein the braking action is a result of electromagnetic
force.
(1) Note. The force of this subclass type may be within the
motor or external to the motor and physically transmitted to
it.
(2) Note. Electromagnetic brakes of this subclass type
include, for example, eddy current brakes.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
362 for motors braking, particularly subclass 373 for
plugging and subclass 375 for dynamic braking.
759 for electromagnetic dynamic braking of induction
motors.
765 for eddy current braking of induction motors.
Subclass:
743
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Generator action:
This subclass is indented under subclass 742. Subject matter
wherein the braking is a result of electromagnetic energy
created within the motor as a result of the rotation of the
motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes,
for example, regenerative braking.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
375 for dynamic braking of motors generally.
759 for dynamic braking of induction motors.
Subclass:
744
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plugging:
This subclass is indented under subclass 742. Subject matter
wherein the electromagnetic action is a result of reversal of
current or phase reversal within the primary member of the
energized motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
373 for miscellaneous dynamic braking systems for motors.
763 for systems to plug induction motors.
Subclass:
745
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled saturable reactor in primary circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter
wherein the system includes a controlled saturable magnetic
device having a control winding and a power winding, the
power winding being connected between a power source and the
primary winding of the motor, and the control winding being
energizable to vary the impedance and the phase of the power
winding to reverse the rotation of the motor.
Subclass:
746
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Two phase motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 745. Subject matter
wherein the motor reversed is a two phase motor.
Subclass:
747
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Two phase motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter
wherein the motor reversed is a two phase motor.
Subclass:
748
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With plural primary windings or winding portions having
common connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 747. Subject matter
wherein the primary motor member includes two windings each
having an end connected to form a common terminal or a single
winding having a center tap.
Subclass:
749
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Operating from a single phase source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter
wherein the energized motor is powered by a single phase
source.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
single phase power source which can be converted to a two or
three phase power source to run the induction motor.
Subclass:
750
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Shaded pole motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Subject matter
wherein the energized motor has a main magnetic field and the
reversing means includes auxiliary motor windings which
develop a magnetic field out of phase with the main field to
change the direction of the resultant field to reverse the
motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
selectively short-circuited and close-circuited auxiliary
windings and auxiliary windings which, when receiving
properly phased voltages, act in the same manner as
short-circuited or close-circuited windings.
Subclass:
751
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Split phase motor with capacitor interchangeably connected in
series with either primary winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Subject matter
wherein the primary member includes two windings, a
capacitor, and means to connect either winding with the
capacitor so that the motor can selectively rotate in either
direction.
Subclass:
752
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled electronic device to provide the series
connection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 751. Subject matter
wherein the means to connect either winding with the
capacitor includes a three terminal electronic device where
two of the terminals pass current through the device under
the control of the third terminal which thereby determines
which winding is in circuit with the capacitor or permits
current to flow through the windings and the capacitor.
Subclass:
753
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With de-energizable start winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 749. Subject matter
wherein the primary member includes a run and a start winding
and the reversing means includes means to apply power to both
of the windings and to cut out the start winding after the
motor has come up to speed.
(1) Note. In this subclass and in the subclasses indented
hereunder are manual, relay, and solid-state type switching
to reverse the phase of the start winding with respect to the
run winding of the motor so that the rotation of the motor
rotor can be reversed.
(2) Note. The means to remove the start winding includes
manual, centrifugal, and electromagnetic means.
Subclass:
754
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With separate winding or winding portion energized for each
direction of rotation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter
wherein the run or the start winding has more than one
winding or has tapped portions and the reversing means has a
switch means connecting the one or the other winding or both
winding or a portion of the windings to reverse the direction
of the motor.
Subclass:
755
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Automatic current reversal on start winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 753. Subject matter
wherein the reversing means includes a self-acting switch
which reverses the direction of the current through the start
winding after the start and the run windings are energized so
that when the start winding is de-energized and subsequently
reenergized the motor will rotate in the other direction.
(1) Note. The switch of this subclass type is self-acting
in the sense that it is actuated as a result of the
operation.
(2) Note. The reversal can be as a result of (a) a
centrifugal switch, (b) a thermal switch, or (c) an
electromagnetic relay or some other means.
Subclass:
756
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled electronic switch for phase reversal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 739. Subject matter
wherein the means to change direction of the motor includes
an on-off electronic device with a control terminal which
operates to determine when to permit or stop the transfer of
power through the device itself from a power source to the
motor or through a relay actuated by the on-off device.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass for example are three
phase-reversing circuits with cycloconverters or rectifier
inverters.
Subclass:
757
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Braking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system includes means or devices for applying a
torque or force to the motor in a direction opposite to the
torque or force of the motor for the purpose of slowing down
or stopping the rotation of the motor.
(1) Note. See Acceleration Control, Motor Braking Control,
and Reversing Control of the general notes to this class for
what constitutes braking, reversing, and deceleration of a
motor.
Subclass:
758
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With diverse operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 757. Subject matter
wherein there is included means to perform an additional
motor operation.
(1) Note. See Diverse Motor Operations of the general class
notes as to what constitutes plural diverse motor
operations.
Subclass:
759
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dynamic braking:
This subclass is indented under subclass 757. Subject matter
wherein the means for applying a torque or force to the motor
includes the primary and secondary members of the motor which
when rotating relative to each other interact to form a
generator action which produces a force opposite to the motor
rotation to slow down or stop the motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
regenerative type braking systems.
Subclass:
760
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Direct current primary winding braking circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 759. Subject matter
wherein the means for applying a torque or force to the motor
includes circuitry to apply direct current to the primary
member so that the rotation of the motor causes the primary
member to develop an induced voltage which causes a force in
a direction opposite to the motor rotation to slow down or
stop the motor.
Subclass:
761
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Rotating rotor controls braking current in primary winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter
wherein the rotating part of the motor controls the primary
circuitry so as to apply direct current to the primary
member.
Subclass:
762
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With A.C. to D.C. conversion circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 760. Subject matter
wherein the circuitry includes an electrical device which
transforms an alternating current into direct current for the
primary member of the motor.
Subclass:
763
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Reversal of power to primary winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 757. Subject matter
wherein the means for applying a torque or force to the motor
includes circuitry to change the direction of current or the
phase through the primary winding of the motor to create an
electromagnetic force in the secondary winding of the motor
in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the
motor to slow down or stop the motor.
(1) Note. The method of reversing the motor connections to
apply braking action is known as "plugging".
Subclass:
764
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Three phase power reversal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 763. Subject matter
wherein the circuitry to change the direction of current or
the phase is in a three phase motor circuit.
Subclass:
765
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Eddy current braking circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 757. Subject matter
wherein the motor rotor has an electrical conducting member
connected thereto and an electrical winding associated with
the conducting member such that current passing through the
winding creates a changing electromagnetic field within the
conducting member which induces eddy currents which create an
electromagnetic force in a direction which opposes rotation
of the motor to slow or stop the motor.
Subclass:
766
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Primary and secondary circuits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system to supply and or control connected to the
motor includes an electric circuit connected to both the
primary and to the secondary winding of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
493 for miscellaneous motor systems having combined armature
or primary control and field or secondary control of the
motor.
725 for repulsion motors having primary and secondary
circuits.
731 for induction motors which have a primary circuit and a
secondary circuit with a voltage source in addition to the
secondary induced voltage.
739 for induction motor reversing circuits with a secondary
speed control circuit.
757 for induction motor braking circuits having a primary
and a secondary circuit.
Subclass:
767
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Primary circuit control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system to supply and or control the motor
includes a circuit connected to the primary winding of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
494 for miscellaneous motor systems for controlling the
armature or primary circuits of the electric motor.
766 for primary and secondary induction motor circuits.
Subclass:
768
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Three phase motor operated from single phase source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the circuit includes means to transform power from a
single phase source into three phase power to energize a
three phase motor.
Subclass:
769
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With dynamoelectric converter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 768. Subject matter
wherein the means to transform power from a single phase
source into three phase power includes a rotary
dynamoelectric machine.
Subclass:
770
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dual voltage motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the motor is adapted to operate from either of two
possible alternating voltages and the circuit connects the
primary member of the motor to one of the two alternating
voltages.
Subclass:
771
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Delta-wye, plural wye, or plural delta connected primary
windings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the primary member comprises a plurality of windings
and the circuit connected to the windings permits (a) a
star-delta connection of the windings, (b) two or more star
connections of the windings, (c) two or more delta
connections of the windings.
(1) Note. A star connection is a polyphase circuit in which
all circuit paths from each point of power connection go to a
common point.
(2) Note. A delta connection is a polyphase circuit in
which all circuit paths form a triangle with the apex of each
path intersection being connected to a power source.
Subclass:
772
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural speed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the primary member comprises a plurality of windings
or winding portions and the circuit includes means connected
to the windings or winding portions to cause the motor to
rotate at several nominal discrete speeds.
(1) Note. The speeds here are not limited to the
synchronous speeds of the motor.
(2) Note. Speed of the motor can be controlled by change of
frequency of the power supply, change in the number of poles,
or a change in the slip of the motor. Only the change in the
number of poles is included in this group of subclasses.
(3) Note. Generally, the speed selected is determined by
changing the connections between the winding portions or the
number of the winding turns energized.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
773 for poles changing systems to change the speed of the
motor.
807 for frequency control systems to change the speed of the
motor.
821 for impedance control of the motor secondary to change
the speed of the motor.
Subclass:
773
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Pole changing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 772. Subject matter
wherein the means connected to the windings provides a
predetermined number of primary magnetic poles at one
operating speed and a different number of poles for another
operating speed.
Subclass:
774
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Single phase motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 773. Subject matter
wherein the motor controlled is a single phase motor.
Subclass:
775
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Separate primary running winding for each pole number,
alternately energized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 774. Subject matter
wherein each predetermined number of poles is produced by the
energization of a separate primary winding.
Subclass:
776
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Entire primary running winding energized for each running
speed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 774. Subject matter
wherein the means connected to the windings or winding
portions electrically rearranged the windings or winding
portions to produce a different number of poles and energize
all of the windings or winding portions in all running speeds
of the motor.
Subclass:
777
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Separate primary running winding for each pole number,
alternately energized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 773. Subject matter
wherein each number of poles is produced by the energization
of a separate primary winding.
Subclass:
778
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Starting control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the circuit provides means to supply electric energy
to the motor or to control flow of the current in the primary
circuit for initiating motor rotation or controlling the
motor during acceleration from rest.
Subclass:
779
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With speed control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 778. Subject matter
wherein means are provided for controlling motor speed during
any mode of motor operation.
(1) Note. Motor Operation Control is defined in the Class
Definition Glossary.
Subclass:
780
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Three phase motor with variable transformer to initially
adjust voltage to motor windings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 778. Subject matter
wherein the circuit includes transformer means to enable the
application of a voltage value for starting which is
different from the voltage applied during running of a three
phase motor.
(1) Note. Tapped transformer windings or auto-transformers
are included in this subclass.
Subclass:
781
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Operating from a single phase source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 778. Subject matter
wherein the means to supply electric energy to the motor is a
single phase source of electric supply.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are shaded pole
motors.
Subclass:
782
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With protective features:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein means are provided to protect the motor from harmful
operation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 24 for
motor protective condition responsive circuits.
Subclass:
783
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Thermal starting and thermal overload protection:
This subclass is indented under subclass 782. Subject matter
wherein the means to protect the motor includes heat
responsive means for controlling the motor starting and for
protecting against current overload in the motor.
Subclass:
784
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Impedance for reducing current during starting operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein the means to control the flow of current in the
primary member or a portion thereof during starting includes
impedance means.
Subclass:
785
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Start winding removed during running operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein the primary member consists of a main primary winding
and a start winding and the circuit includes means for
de-energizing the start winding by removing part or all of
the start winding from the circuit which supplies the
electrical energy to the start and the run winding.
(1) Note. The main primary winding is the run winding of
the motor.
Subclass:
786
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By electronic switch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 785. Subject matter
wherein the means for removing part or all of the start
winding includes an electronic switch means to de-energize
the start winding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices,
Circuits, and Systems, 365 for miscellaneous gating or
switching systems.
Subclass:
787
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With transformer for sensing the run winding current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 786. Subject matter
wherein the electronic switch means is controlled in response
to the output voltage of a sensing transformer which provides
a measure of the current flowing in the main winding
circuit.
Subclass:
788
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With variable temperature coefficient resistor in switch
control circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 786. Subject matter
wherein the electronic switch means is controlled by a
circuit which includes a resistor whose resistance is a
function of its temperature.
Subclass:
789
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By electromagnetic switch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 785. Subject matter
wherein an electromagnetic switch means is provided for
de-energizing the start winding.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets,
and Electromagnets, 2 for electromagnetic switches, per se.
Subclass:
790
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With relay coil in series with main winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 789. Subject matter
wherein the switch includes an operating coil for the
electromagnetic switch in series with the main primary
winding.
Subclass:
791
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By thermal switch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 785. Subject matter
wherein a heat responsive switch means is provided for
de-energizing the start winding.
Subclass:
792
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With variable temperature coefficient impedance element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 791. Subject matter
wherein the heat responsive switch means includes an element
whose impedance is a function of its temperature.
Subclass:
793
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By centrifugal switch:
This subclass is indented under subclass 785. Subject matter
wherein the start winding is de-energized by a switch
actuated by centrifugal force developed by the rotating
motor.
Subclass:
794
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Capacitor run motor with different capacitance at starting:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein the motor is a split phase motor and the primary
member has two or more primary windings energized in both the
starting and the running modes of operation, at least one
winding having in circuit therewith capacitance whose value
is different in each operating mode.
Subclass:
795
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With plural capacitors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 794. Subject matter
wherein there are two or more capacitors to change the
effective capacitance in circuit with at least one winding.
Subclass:
796
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Saturable winding in capacitor run motor circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein there is a split phase capacitance motor having a
saturable winding in circuit with the capacitor and the
primary windings, which has a reactance value in the starting
mode different from that of its reactance in the running
mode.
Subclass:
797
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Phase splitting using stator winding mutual inductance or
saturable winding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 781. Subject matter
wherein the primary member includes two or more primary
windings and the mutual inductance between the windings or a
saturable winding is used to cause a phase splitting effect
between the windings to create the starting torque to rotate
the motor.
Subclass:
798
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to motor condition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein means is provided to sense a motor condition and the
circuit connected to the primary member of the motor is
controlled by the sensing means.
(1) Note. The motor condition is some characteristic of the
motor which is affected by the operation of the motor. Such
characteristics may be electrical or electromagnetic and
include speed, slip, current, voltage, or magnetic flux.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
806 for motor control means responsive to a condition other
than a motor condition.
Subclass:
799
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to speed or rotation phase angle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 798. Subject matter
wherein the means to sense is responsive to the speed or the
rotational phase angle of the motor being controlled or a
device driven by the motor.
Subclass:
800
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled power conversion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 799. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the primary member of the
motor includes a power conversion means controlled by the
speed or rotational phase angle responsive means.
Subclass:
801
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including inverter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 800. Subject matter
wherein the power conversion means includes one or more
inverter circuits.
(1) Note. An inverter circuit changes a direct current
source of power into an alternating source of power.
Subclass:
802
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to an additional condition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 801. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the primary member of the
motor is responsive to another condition as well as being
responsive to the speed or the rotational phase angle of the
motor.
(1) Note. Subject matter of this subclass type includes
feedback sensing of a motor condition or some characteristic
of the motor control circuit and may include the sensing of
motor current, voltage, or a signal indicative of some
characteristic of the control circuit.
Subclass:
803
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled AC to DC circuit in inverter supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 802. Subject matter
wherein the one or more inverter circuits includes an AC to
DC converter having means to adjust the direct current output
voltage of the converter.
(1) Note. A converter is an electrical device that
transforms one type of electricity to another type.
Subclass:
804
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With controlled magnetic reactance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 799. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the primary member of the
motor includes a controlled magnetic reactance.
(1) Note. The controlled reactance of this subclass type
includes magnetic amplifiers, saturable reactors, and
transformers having a winding in circuit with the primary
winding of the motor wherein the winding reactance is changed
as a result of the mutual inductance between this winding and
another winding of the transformer.
Subclass:
805
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Responsive to motor voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 798. Subject matter
wherein the motor condition sensed is the motor voltage.
Subclass:
806
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Condition responsive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein there is means to sense a condition other than a
motor condition and the circuit connected to the primary
member of the motor is controlled by the means to sense the
condition.
(1) Note. A condition is some quantity which is capable of
being sensed including, for example, temperature, pressure,
voltage delivered to the circuit, or some manifestation of
the motor environment.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
798 for motor control means responsive to some condition of
the motor.
Subclass:
807
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Frequency control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the primary member of the
motor includes means to regulate the frequency of the current
or voltage supplied to the primary member.
(1) Note. Regulation used here means to adjust or fix the
rate of the cyclic current or voltage delivered to the
primary winding of the motor, and includes control of the
frequency to deliver a constant frequency or a variable
frequency to the primary winding of the motor.
Subclass:
808
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With voltage magnitude control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 807. Subject matter
wherein means are also provided to regulate the magnitude of
the voltage applied to the primary member of the motor.
(1) Note. The means to regulate this subclass type consists
of means to adjust or fix the value of the voltage so that
the voltage can be constant or selectively varied.
Subclass:
809
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With voltage phase angle control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 807. Subject matter
wherein the voltage supplied to the primary member is a
repetitious sinusoidal waveform and the means to regulate the
frequency of the voltage supplied to the primary member
includes means to regulate the phase angle of the waveform at
which the remainder of the waveform of each cycle is applied
to the primary member.
(1) Note. Phase angle is the angle in electrical degrees of
the waveform between the beginning of the waveform at 0 deg.
and the end of the waveform at 360 deg. at which the waveform
is applied to the motor winding.
(2) Note. Regulation includes the control of the phase
angle at a constant angle or a variable angle.
Subclass:
810
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With voltage pulse time control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 807. Subject matter
wherein the voltage waveforms applied to the primary member
of the motor is a pulse waveform having alternating positive
and negative polarity portions, and the means to regulate the
frequency of the voltage includes means to regulate the time
at which the pulses are started and ended.
(1) Note. Regulation includes the starting and ending of
the pulses at a constant time or a variable time.
Subclass:
811
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Pulse width modulation or chopping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 810. Subject matter
wherein each positive and negative polarity portion of the
applied waveforms comprises a plurality of pulses of variable
width.
Subclass:
812
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Voltage control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 767. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the primary member of the
motor includes means for regulating the voltage applied to
the circuit.
(1) Note. Regulation includes a constant or a selectively
variable voltage control.
Subclass:
813
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With transformer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 812. Subject matter
wherein the means for regulating the voltage includes a
transformer.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for
transformers, per se.
Subclass:
814
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With impedance control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 812. Subject matter
wherein the means for regulating the voltage includes a
variable impedance.
Subclass:
815
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Saturable reactor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 814. Subject matter
wherein the variable impedance is a saturable reactor.
Subclass:
816
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Single phase, split phase motors:
This subclass is indented under subclass 812. Subject matter
wherein the motor is operated from a single phase source as a
split phase motor.
Subclass:
817
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With capacitor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 816. Subject matter
wherein a capacitor is used to effect phase splitting in the
motor.
Subclass:
818
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Secondary circuit control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the system to supply and or control the motor
includes a circuit connected to the secondary member of the
motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
44 for plural induction motor systems having synchronizing
interconnections between motor secondaries.
49 for an induction motor having an electric motor connected
to the secondary circuit (i.e., connected in tandem) of the
induction motor.
521 and the subclasses specified in the search notes thereto
for miscellaneous motor systems having secondary circuit
control of the motor.
729 for power factor control in the primary or secondary
circuit of an induction motor.
731 for primary and secondary induction motor circuits
having a voltage source connected to the motor secondary.
766 for primary and secondary induction motor circuits.
Subclass:
819
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Open secondary member or portion thereof with means to open
or close the circuit thereto:
This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Subject matter
wherein the circuit connected to the secondary member
includes switch means to turn off or on the current in the
secondary member or a portion thereof.
(1) Note. The secondary member portion may consist of one
winding or a plurality of windings and the switch means may
control the current through all of the windings or one or
more windings.
(2) Note. The switch means includes controlled and
uncontrolled electronic devices, mechanical and automatic
switches which act only to open or close the secondary motor
winding or a part of the secondary motor winding. The
electronic devices include thyratrons, silicon-controlled
rectifiers, silicon-controlled switches, and four-layered
diodes, but amplifier-type tube or solid-state devices which
can act as a switch and additionally function as an amplifier
are not included.
Subclass:
820
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Closed secondary member or member portion with means to
change electrical characteristics thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Subject matter
wherein the secondary member or a portion thereof is always
in a closed electrical path with the circuit and the circuit
includes means connectable to the member or member portion to
change the electrical characteristics thereof.
Subclass:
821
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Impedance control of secondary circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 818. Subject matter
wherein the circuit includes an electrical impedance element
of the resistive, inductive, or the capacitive type to
control the current in the secondary member of the motor.
(1) Note. Here the voltage induced in the secondary member
by the primary member creates a current which is controlled
by an impedance element forming part of the circuit.
(2) Note. Means to add, remove, or vary the secondary
impedance element is included in this group of subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
533 and the subclasses specified in the notes thereto for
miscellaneous motor systems having impedance devices in the
field or secondary circuit of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 220-354 for impedance voltage magnitude
controlled systems.
336, Inductor Devices, appropriate subclasses for inductors,
per se.
338, Electrical Resistors, appropriate subclasses for
resistors, per se.
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, subclass
271 for capacitors, per se.
Subclass:
822
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Responsive to motor condition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter
wherein the impedance element of the circuit is controlled by
a motor characteristic.
(1) Note. The motor characteristics include secondary motor
voltage, the secondary motor current, the primary motor
current, and the motor rotor speed.
(2) Note. The term "controlled" includes the addition,
removal, the shorting out, or somehow changing the value of
the impedance element or elements of the circuit.
Subclass:
823
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Rotor speed or position responsive:
This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter
wherein the motor characteristics are the motor rotor speed
or the position of the rotor with respect to the inducing
magnetic field of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, 120
for speed responsive switching systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems, for
speed controlled impedance systems.
Subclass:
824
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Centrifugal force of rotor controls secondary circuit
impedance:
This subclass is indented under subclass 823. Subject matter
wherein a mass movable radially of the motor rotor in
response to a force caused by the speed rotation of the rotor
controls the impedance element of the circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 120 for centrifugal force responsive switching
systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 293-298 for output responsive impedance
systems.
Subclass:
825
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Induction motor current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter
wherein the motor characteristic is the current flowing in a
member of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 131 for current controlled switching systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 293-298 for current or current and voltage
controlled impedance systems.
Subclass:
826
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Primary motor current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 825. Subject matter
wherein the current is flowing in a primary member of the
motor.
(1) Note. In the subject matter of this subclass type
current may flow in the primary and the secondary members of
the motor.
Subclass:
827
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Frequency of secondary current:
This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter
wherein the motor characteristic is the frequency of the
voltage induced in the secondary member or the relative
frequencies of the current in the primary and the secondary
members of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 129 for frequency controlled switching systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 293-298 for electrical condition controlled
impedance systems.
Subclass:
828
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Secondary voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 822. Subject matter
wherein the motor characteristic is the voltage of the
secondary circuit of the motor or the voltage across an
impedance element of the motor secondary circuit.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,
subclass 130 for voltage controlled switching systems.
323, Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems,
subclasses 293-298 for voltage or voltage and current
controlled impedance systems.
Subclass:
829
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By manual operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 821. Subject matter
wherein the impedance element of the circuit is controlled
totally by manual means requiring only human force.
(1) Note. The term "control" as used herein means to add,
remove, or somehow change the impedance of a resistive,
inductive, or capacitive electrical element.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
821 for relay operated switching circuits to control the
adding, removal, or the changing of impedance elements in the
secondary circuit of the motor.
Subclass:
830
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With relatively movable cooperating motor parts to control
energized motor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 727. Subject matter
wherein the motor includes plural cooperating members which
are movable relative to each other physically and means to
move the members with respect to each other, this relative
movement is in addition to motion caused by the
electromagnetic interaction between the rotor and the stator
of the motor.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for motors with diverse motions.
491 and the notes thereto for miscellaneous motor control
systems with both circuit and structure control of the
motor.
538 for miscellaneous motor structure adjustment or control
systems wherein the motor structure is controlled.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, subclass 191
for field or excitation windings or core structure having
adjustable magnetic structure; and subclass 209 for armature
or primary windings or core structure with adjustable
magnetic structure.
Subclass:
831
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Axially movable cooperating parts:
This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter
wherein one of the two relatively movable parts is movable in
the direction of an axis.
(1) Note. "Axial" as used herein means situated in the
direction of or along an axis.
(2) Note. Included are movable rotary dual motor rotors
cooperating with a movable stator and rotary dual, in-line
rotors cooperating with a fixed stator.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
115 for motors with diverse motions including axial movement
of the rotor by the magnetic forces of the motor in addition
to the rotary or angular movement of the rotor even though
the reverse axial movement is effected by gravity only when
the motor energization is reduced.
Subclass:
832
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dual stators, one or both angularly movable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 830. Subject matter
wherein the motor includes a double stator and at least one
stator is angularly movable with respect to the other
stator.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000