U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division |
2000 ARCHIVE COPY
U.S. Patent Classification System - Classification Definitions
as of June 30, 2000
Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by either clicking on
the subclass number
preceding each subclass definition or on the
"
" icon, below.
( please note that patents for some subclasses may not be available )
For classification search strategies, please refer to the
Classification Index
Explanation of Data web page.
(definitions have been obtained from the
Patents ASSIST CD-ROM which
is produced by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Electronic Products Branch)
Class 570
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES
Class Definition:
SUBCLASSES
Subclass:
101
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
HALOGEN CONTAINING:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Compound under
Class 532, ... which contain an atom of halogen.
(1) Note. Due to hierarchical position of this subclass,
compounds hereunder contain only carbon and halogen, or
carbon hydrogen and halogen.
(2) Note. The patents found in this particular subclass
relate primarily to processes of preparing saturated halogen
containing compounds not specifically provided for below.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, 157.15 for
chemical preparation of a compound which contains carbon and
halogen or carbon, hydrogen, and halogen by utilizing wave
energy; and subclass 169 for chemical preparation of a
compound which contains carbon and halogen or carbon,
hydrogen, and halogen by utilizing an electrostatic field or
electrical discharge.
588, Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment,
subclasses 206-225 and 255 for the destruction or
containment of organic hazardous or toxic waste containing
halogen, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, or metals.
Subclass:
102
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Halogen
containing compound containing an additional ingredient
intended to prevent or decrease chemical or physical change
of the compound.
(1) Note. A preserved compound claimed as having a utility
provided for in the composition classes is classified with
the composition.However, a mere recital of the destabilizing
effect or medium guarded against, e.g., "in contact with
aluminum", etc., will not prevent placement of a patent in
this or indented subclasses.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
177 211, 238+, or 262+, for a process of increasing the
stability of the appropriate compound by purification.
264 for a process of treating a compound of this class to
increase stability which does not involve purification or the
use of an added agent which remains as part of the
composition.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for a process
of cleaning using a halogenated solvent, particularly
subclass 31 for vapor degreasing.
252, Compositions, subclass 364 for solvents generally which
contain halogen containing compounds; subclasses 397+ for
compositions which inhibit physical or chemical change, per
se; and subclass 68 for refrigerants which contain halogen
containing compounds.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting,
Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 41 for manipulative
ongoing methods of storage or protections of a liquid,
particularly subclass 42 for preventing evaporation.
510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary
Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the
Compositions, 201, 245+, and 405 for solvent-type cleaning
compositions which may include halogen-containing compounds,
particularly subclasses 204+, 254+, 273, and 412, as well as
other appropriate subclasses.
Subclass:
103
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
To prevent or reduce polymerization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Compositions
wherein the stabilizer or preservative prevents the halogen
containing compound from reacting with itself to produce a
high molecular weight, usually solid product.
(1) Note. There must be a positive disclosure or claim that
polymerization is being prevented or reduced. In cases of
doubt, the patent will be placed below and cross-referenced
to this or indented subclasses if desired.
Subclass:
104
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nitrogen bonded directly to oxygen in preservative or
stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains an atom of
nitrogen bonded directly to oxygen, e.g., nitro, nitros,
amine oxide, or oxime, etc.
Subclass:
105
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxygen single bonded directly to benzene ring in preservative
or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains an atom of
oxygen bonded directly to a benzene ring, e.g., phenols,
phenol ether, etc.
Subclass:
106
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Sulfur containing preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains sulfur.
Subclass:
107
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acetylenic unsaturation containing preservative or
stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a carbon to
carbon triple bond.
Subclass:
108
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hydroxy, bonded directly to carbon, or ether containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 107. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer also contains a
hydroxy group bonded directly to carbon or an ether group in
addition to a carbon to carbon triple bond, e.g., acetylenic
alcohol, etc.
Subclass:
109
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nitrogen containing hetero ring in preservative or
stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a ring having
three or more members and containing at least one atom of
each of carbon and nitrogen and optionally oxygen, sulfur,
selenium, or tellurium as the only other ring members.
Subclass:
110
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acyclic nitro containing preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a nitro group
bonded directly to a carbon atom which is not part of a
ring.
Subclass:
111
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nitrogen, other than as ammonia or the ammonium ion in
preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains nitrogen in a
form other than ammonia, per se, or ammonium ion, e.g.,
amines.
Subclass:
112
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nitrile:
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains nitrogen
triply bonded to carbon.
Subclass:
113
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Imine (e.g., hydrazone, oxime, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 111. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains nitrogen
doubly bonded to carbon.
Subclass:
114
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxygen containing hetero ring in preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains a ring having
three or more members and containing at least one atom each
of carbon and oxygen and optionally sulfur, selenuim, or
tellurium as the only other ring members.
Subclass:
115
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hetero ring containing plural ring oxygens:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Composition
wherein the ring contained in the preservative or stabilizer
contains two or more atoms of oxygen.
Subclass:
116
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxirane ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Composition
wherein the ring contained in the preservative or stabilizer
contains only three atoms, two of which are carbon and one of
which is oxygen.
Subclass:
117
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Carbonyl containing preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains carbon doubly
bonded to oxygen.
Subclass:
118
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hydroxy, bonded to carbon, or ether containing preservative
or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains hydroxy
bonded directly to carbon or an oxygen atom bonded directly
to two carbon atoms by single bonds.
Subclass:
119
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Phenolic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Composition
wherein a carbon atom bonded to the hydroxy or ether oxygen
is part of a benzene ring.
Subclass:
120
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Sulfur containing preservative or stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains sulfur.
(1) Note. The sulfur may be in any form including organic
and inorganic compounds, e.g., mercaptan, sodium sulfite,
etc.
Subclass:
121
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hydrocarbon, halocarbon or halohydrocarbon preservative or
stabilizer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Composition
wherein the stabilizer contains carbon and hydrogen only,
carbon and halogen only, or carbon hydrogen, and halogen
only.
Subclass:
122
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Composition
wherein the hydrocarbon, halocarbon, or halohydrocarbon
preservative or stabilizer contains carbon to carbon
unsaturation which is not part of a ring.
Subclass:
123
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Fluorine containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Compound
containing at least one atom of fluorine, and a process for
the manufacture or treatment of such compound not classified
elsewhere.
(1) Note. This subclass primarily contains patents drawn to
the production of saturated fluorine containing compounds by
methods not provided for below.
Subclass:
124
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Compound.
(1) Note. In order to be classified in this or indented
subclasses, a patent must contain a claim to a compound
classified hereunder.
Subclass:
125
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Polymer or unsaturated monomer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Compound
wherein two or more unsaturated molecules are added together
through the unsaturation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
526, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclass 249 for
polymers of this type which are synthetic resins.
Subclass:
126
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Fluorine is sole halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Compound
wherein the only halogen present is fluorine.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
526, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, 250 for polymers
of this type which are synthetic resins.
Subclass:
127
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Benzene ring containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
contains at least one benzene ring.
Subclass:
128
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acyclic unsaturation containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Compound which
contain carbon to carbon unsaturation which is not part of a
ring.
Subclass:
129
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural carbocyclic rings containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 127. Compound which
contains at least two carbocyclic rings, at least one of
which is a benzene ring.
Subclass:
130
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural carbocyclic rings containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
contains two or more carbocyclic rings.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
552, Organic Compounds, subclass 653 for fluorinated
derivatives of Vitamin D compounds, cholecalciferols,
activated 7-dehyrocholesterols, dihydrotachysterols, 3-5
cyclovitamin D compounds, etc.
Subclass:
131
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Carbocyclic ring contains six carbon atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
contains a ring consisting of six and only six carbon atoms.
Subclass:
132
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Carbocyclic ring contains four carbon atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
contains a ring consisting of four and only four carbon
atoms.
Subclass:
133
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Carbocyclic ring contains three carbon atoms:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
contains a ring consisting of three and only three carbon
atoms.
Subclass:
134
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acyclic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 124. Compound which
does not contain a ring.
Subclass:
135
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Unsaturated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Compound
containing carbon to carbon unsaturation.
Subclass:
136
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Fluorine is sole halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 135. Compound
wherein the only halogen present is fluorine.
Subclass:
137
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Bromine or iodine containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 134. Compound which
contain bromine or iodine.
Subclass:
138
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Polymerization of unsaturated compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process where
two or more molecules of an unsaturated compound are added
together to produce a larger molecule.
(1) Note. The unsaturated molecules added together may be
the same (homopolymer) of different (copolymer).
Subclass:
139
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
With chain terminating agent (e.g., telogen, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Process
wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of an
agent which terminates the growing polymer chain.These agents
are often called chain stoppers, chain transfer agents, or
telogens, etc.
Subclass:
140
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
From organic compound containing an element other than
carbon, hydrogen, or halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a fluorine containing compound is prepared in such a
way that the source of at least an atom of carbon in the
compound is an organic compound containing an element other
than carbon, hydrogen, or halogen.
Subclass:
141
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nitrogen containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Process
wherein the organic compound contains nitrogen.
Subclass:
142
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxygen containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 140. Process
wherein the organic compound contains oxygen.
Subclass:
143
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing benzene ring containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a compound containing a benzene ring is prepared.
Subclass:
144
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Haloalkyl containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Process of
preparing a compound containing a benzene ring having a
substituent containing carbon and halogen which substituent
is not part of a benzene ring.
Subclass:
145
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By substituting halogen for a different halogen in haloalkyl
group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 144. Process
wherein a halogen in the haloalkyl group is exchanged for a
different halogen.
Subclass:
146
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Forming the benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Process
wherein a benzene ring containing compound is prepared from
starting material, none of which contains a benzene ring.
Subclass:
147
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Substituting halogen for different halogen or hydrogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 143. Process
wherein halogen is exchanged for a different halogen or
hydrogen.
Subclass:
148
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Forming alicyclic ring from benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a benzene ring is converted to an alicyclic ring.
Subclass:
149
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Forming alicyclic ring from acyclic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein an alicyclic ring is made from starting material,
none of which contains a ring.
Subclass:
150
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing from elemental carbon, carbon oxide, or carbon
disulfide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein the source of at least one atom of carbon in the
fluorine containing compound is elemental carbon, a carbon
oxide, or carbon disulfide.
Subclass:
151
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Isomerization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a fluorine containing compound is converted into
another containing compound of differing structure but of the
same empirical formula as the starting compound.
Subclass:
152
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Decreasing molecular weight of polymer of indeterminate
structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process of
decreasing the molecular weight of a polymer of indeterminate
structure, e.g., cracking, etc.
(1) Note. A polymer of indeterminate structure is a
substance made by adding together two or more smaller
molecules and does not consist of a single, identifiable
molecular species, but rather contains a variety of molecules
of varying molecular weight which are only identifiable by
their average properties, e.g., synthetic resins, etc.
Subclass:
153
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing unsaturated compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a compound containing carbon to carbon unsaturated is
prepared.
Subclass:
154
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
From acetylenically unsaturated compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Process
wherein a reactant contains a carbon to carbon triple bond.
Subclass:
155
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation of adjacent carbon
atoms in a compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Process
wherein carbon to carbon unsaturation is obtained in a
compound by the removal of hydrogen and halogen from adjacent
carbon atoms.
Subclass:
156
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 155. Process which
employs a catalyst.
Subclass:
157
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Alkali or alkaline earth metal containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Process
wherein the catalyst contains an atom of an alkali or an
alkaline earth metal.
Subclass:
158
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Zinc containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Process
wherein the catalyst contains an atom of zinc.
Subclass:
159
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
From methane or halomethane:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Process
wherein a source of carbon in the product is methane or a
halomethane.
Subclass:
160
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Substituting fluorine for a different halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Process
wherein an atom of fluorine replaces a different halogen in
the compound.
Subclass:
161
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Utilizing halogen fluoride or a mixture of elemental fluorine
and another elemental halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a compound of fluorine and another halogen or a
physical mixture of elemental fluorine with another elemental
halogen is employed.
Subclass:
162
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Utilizing a compound containing silicon and fluorine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a compound containing silicon and fluorine is
employed.
Subclass:
163
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Transhalogenation or disproportionation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein halogen is transferred from one molecule of a carbon
compound to another.
(1) Note. The transfer may be between unlike molecules or
two molecules of the same compound.
Subclass:
164
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
By reacting with hydrogen fluoride:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein the source of fluorine introduced into a carbon
compound is hydrogen fluoride.
Subclass:
165
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Process
employing a catalyst.
Subclass:
166
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Metal halide containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Process
wherein the catalyst contains a compound containing a metal
and halogen.
Subclass:
167
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Antimony halide containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Process
wherein the metal is antimony.
Subclass:
168
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Transition metal halide containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 166. Process
wherein the metal is a transition metal.
(1) Note. The transition metals are elements in which an
inner electron shell rather than an outer shell is partially
filled.In the periodic chart they include elements 21 through
30 (scandium through zinc), 39 through 48 (yttrium through
cadinum), 57 through 80 (lathanum through mercury), and 89
through 103 (actinium through lawrencium).
Subclass:
169
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Metal oxide containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 165. Process
wherein the catalyst contains a compound which contains a
metal and oxygen.
Subclass:
170
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Substituting halogen for a different halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a halogen is replaced by a different halogen.
Subclass:
171
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Increasing the number of carbons in the compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein the product compound contains more carbon atoms than
any reactant.
Subclass:
172
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Utilizing unsaturated compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Process
wherein one of the reactants contains carbon to carbon
unsaturation.
Subclass:
173
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Decreasing the number of carbons in the compound (e.g.,
cracking, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein all products have less carbon atoms than any
reactant.
Subclass:
174
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Introducing bromine or iodine:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein bromine or iodine is introduced into a fluorine
containing compound.
Subclass:
175
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Utilizing unsaturated compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein a compound contains carbon to carbon unsaturation.
Subclass:
176
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Replacing halogen with hydrogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process
wherein an atom of halogen is removed and replaced by
hydrogen.
Subclass:
177
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Purification or recovery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Process of
purifying or recovering a fluorine containing compound.
Subclass:
178
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including distillation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Process
wherein the purification or recovery includes distillation.
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
203, Distillation: Processes, Separatory, for a process of
distillation, per se; see the definition to that class,
particularly section III, B for the lines between Class 203
and this class (570) where combined subject matter is
involved.
Subclass:
179
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Solid sorbent utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Process
wherein a solid sorbent is utilized in the process.
Subclass:
180
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including extraction with organic liquid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 177. Process which
includes extraction with an organic liquid.
Subclass:
181
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Compound.
(1) Note. In order to be classified in this or indented
subclasses, a patent must contain a claim to a compound
classified hereunder.
Subclass:
182
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Benzene ring containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Compound which
contains a benzene ring.
Subclass:
183
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Polycyclo ring system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Compound which
contains two rings having two or more carbon atoms in
common.
(1) Note. These systems are often referred to in the art as
bridged (three or more atoms in common) or fused (two atoms
in common).
Subclass:
184
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural benzene rings bonded directly to the same acyclic
carbon or attached by an acyclic carbon chain:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Compound which
contains two or more benzene rings bonded directly to the
same carbon which is not part of a ring or bonded through two
or more carbons, none of which is part of a ring.
Subclass:
185
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Benzene ring and halogen bonded directly to the same acyclic
carbon chain:
This subclass is indented under subclass 182. Compound which
contains a benzene ring and a halogen bonded directly to a
carbon atom which is not part of a ring or a benzene ring
attached to a halogen atom through a chain of two or more
carbon atoms, none of which is part of a ring.
Subclass:
186
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Alicyclic ring containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Compound which
contain a ring of three or more carbon atoms, which ring is
not a benzene ring.
Subclass:
187
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Polycyclo ring system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Compound which
contains a ring system of at least two rings which have tow
or more carbon atoms in common.
(1) Note. These compounds are usually referred to in the
art as fused (only two atoms in common) or bridged (three or
more atoms in common).
SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
552, Organic Compounds, subclass 653 for halogenated
derivatives of Vitamin D compounds, cholecalciferols,
activated 7-dehyrocholesterols, dihydrotachysterols, 3-5
cyclovitamin D compounds, etc.
Subclass:
188
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural rings containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 186. Compound which
contains two or more alicyclic rings.
Subclass:
189
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Alicyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 181. Compound which
contains carbon to carbon unsaturation which is not part of
any ring.
Subclass:
190
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Processes of preparing, purifying, or recovering benzene ring
containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a benzene ring containing compound is prepared,
purified, or recovered.
Subclass:
191
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing acyclic haloalkyl group containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process of
preparing a benzene ring containing compound which contains a
halogen atom bonded indirectly to a benzene ring through one
or more carbon atoms, none of which is part of a ring.
Subclass:
192
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Halo, 1,1-diphenylethane or ring substituted Derivative
thereof prepared DDT, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Process
wherein the compound prepared has the 1,1-diphenylethane
structure, (i.e., see figure below) wherein at least one
hydrogen atom is replaced with halogen and in addition may
have other substituents on the ring carbon atoms. [figure]
Subclass:
193
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Having acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Process
wherein the compound prepared contains carbon to carbon
unsaturation which is not part of a ring.
Subclass:
194
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Bonding haloalkyl group directly to benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Process
wherein an aliphatic carbon atom bonded directly or
indirectly to halogen is bonded directly to a benzene ring,
or wherein an aliphatic carbon atom is bonded directly to a
benzene ring, a halogen is bonded directly or indirectly
thereto.
Subclass:
195
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxygen containing organic compound reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Process
wherein an oxygen containing compound acts as a source of
carbon or halogen in the product.
Subclass:
196
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Halogenation of acyclic carbon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Process
wherein halogen is bonded directly to an acyclic carbon
atom.
Subclass:
197
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 196. Process which
employs a catalyst.
Subclass:
198
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Halogen containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Process
wherein the catalyst contains an atom of halogen.
Subclass:
199
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Bonding benzene rings to the same acyclic carbon or to an
acyclic carbon chain:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein plural benzene rings are bonded to the same carbon
atom which is not part of any ring or are bonded to each
other through a chain of two or more carbon atoms, none of
which is a part of any ring.
Subclass:
200
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing
compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein the compound prepared contains carbon to carbon
unsaturation which is not part of a ring.
Subclass:
201
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxygen containing organic compound reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein an organic oxygen containing compound is a source of
carbon or halogen in the product.
Subclass:
202
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Isomerization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein a compound is converted into another compound of
differing structure but of the same empirical formula as the
starting compound.
Subclass:
203
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxyhalogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein an elemental oxygen and hydrogen halide are reacted
to produce halogen in situ and introduce halogen into a
benzene ring containing compound.
(1) Note. The hydrogen halide may be introduced, as such,
or may be produced in situ, for instance, as a by-product.
Subclass:
204
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein a halogen atom or a molecule of hydrogen halide is
removed from a compound to prepare a compound classified
thereunder.
Subclass:
205
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Of alicyclic ring to prepare benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 204. Process
wherein halogen or hydrogen halide is removed from an
alicyclic ring to produce a benzene ring.
Subclass:
206
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Bonding halogen directly to benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein halogen is bonded directly to a carbon atom of a
benzene ring.
Subclass:
207
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Chlorination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Process
wherein chlorine is the halogen bonded to a benzene ring.
Subclass:
208
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 207. Process
employing a catalyst.
Subclass:
209
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Sulfur containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Process
wherein the catalyst contains sulfur.
Subclass:
210
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Metal halide containing catalyst:
This subclass is indented under subclass 208. Process
wherein the catalyst contains an atom of metal and an atom of
halogen.
Subclass:
211
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Purification or recovery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Process
wherein a benzene ring containing compound is purified or
recovered.
Subclass:
212
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Forming alicyclic ring from benzene ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a benzene ring is converted to an alicyclic ring,
e.g., addition chlorination of benzene to produce
1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane.
Subclass:
213
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Purification or recovery of 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane
(i.e., benzene hexachloride):
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane is separated from
a mixture or in which impurities are separated from said
compound.
(1) Note. Many patents in this subclass relate to the
separation of the various isomers of this compound.
Subclass:
214
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Ring formation, ring expansion or contraction or bonding one
alicyclic ring directly or indirectly to another alicyclic
ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a new alicyclic ring is created which did not exist
in any of the reactants, wherein the number of carbon atoms
in a ring is increased or decreased, or wherein an alicyclic
ring is bonded directly or indirectly to another alicyclic
ring.
Subclass:
215
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Diels-alder reaction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 214. Process
wherein a conjugated diene is reacted with carbon to carbon
unsaturation to produce a new six member carbocyclic ring,
e.g., see struture below. [figure]
(1) Note. Either the conjugated diene or the unsaturated
compound may already be part of a carbocyclic ring, in which
case, a polycyclo compound results. Also, a triple bond may
be employed instead of a double bond, in which case, an
additional double bond will be found in the product.
Subclass:
216
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Processes of preparing, purifying, or recovering unsaturated
compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a compound containing carbon to carbon unsaturation
is prepared, purified, or recovered.
Subclass:
217
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
From carbon source other than hydrocarbon, halocarbon, or
halohydrocarbon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein at least one atom of carbon in the product is derived
from a substance other than a compound of carbon and
hydrogen, carbon and halogen, or a compound of carbon,
hydrogen, and halogen.
Subclass:
218
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Decreasing the number of carbon atoms in the compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein the compound formed has fewer carbon atoms than a
compound which is a source of carbon.
Subclass:
219
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Plural diverse reactions in separate zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein different reactions are carried out in different
zones.This subclass requires that at least one different
reactant is added in a latter zone.
(1) Note. Mere plural addition of more of the same
ingredient in a subsequent zone, e.g., multistage halogen
addition, etc., will not place a patent in this or indented
subclasses.
(2) Note. While at least one reaction must produce compound
as required by subclass 216, the other diverse reaction may
be of any type, e.g., preparation of halogenating agent by
chemical reaction.
Subclass:
220
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dehalogenation or dehydrohalogenation with halogenation in
separate zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Process
wherein one step removes an atom of halogen or hydrogen and
halogen, and another step introduces an atom of halogen.
(1) Note. These steps may take place in any order.
Subclass:
221
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Acetylene reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Process
wherein acetylene is employed in a step in such a way that is
becomes a source of carbon in the final product.
Subclass:
222
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including oxyhalogenation or oxidation with elemental
oxygen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Process
wherein one step includes reaction with a mixture of
elemental oxygen and hydrogen halide whereby halogen is
generated in situ or in which a step includes oxidation with
elemental oxygen, e.g., of copper halide melt, etc.
Subclass:
223
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including oxyhalogenation or oxidation with elemental
oxygen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Process
wherein one step includes reaction with a mixture of
elemental oxygen and hydrogen halide whereby halogen is
generated in situ or in which a step includes oxidation with
elemental oxygen, e.g., of copper halide melt, etc.
Subclass:
224
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Oxyhalogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process which
includes reaction with a mixture of elemental oxygen and
hydrogen halide whereby halogen is generated in situ.
Subclass:
225
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Liquid medium or inorganic melt utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Process
wherein the reaction takes place in a liquid medium or
inorganic melt.
Subclass:
226
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dehydrohalogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein a molecule of hydrogen halide is removed from a
compound.
Subclass:
227
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Process
employing a catalyst.
Subclass:
228
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst in liquid phase:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Process
wherein the catalyst is employed in a liquid phase.
Subclass:
229
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including chemical reaction with by-product hydrogen halide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 226. Process
wherein a substance is present to react with the hydrogen
halide removed from the compound.
(1) Note. This substance may be a base which react to form
a salt, e.g., NaOH or an amine, etc., or an alcohol which
reacts to form an alkyl halide, etc.
Subclass:
230
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Dehalogenation or dehydrogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein an atom of halogen or an atom of hydrogen is removed
from a compound which is a source of carbon in the product.
Subclass:
231
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Addition reaction of free halogen or hydrogen halide to
carbon to carbon unsaturation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein two atoms of elemental halogen or a molecule of
hydrogen halide is added to carbon to carbon unsaturation,
thus decreasing the degree of unsaturation in a compound.
(1) Note. The final product must still contain carbon to
carbon unsaturation.
Subclass:
232
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
To triple bond:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Process
wherein elemental halogen or hydrogen halide is added to a
triple bond.
Subclass:
233
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
To acetylene:
This subclass is indented under subclass 232. Process
wherein the triple bond containing compound is acetylene, per
se.
Subclass:
234
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Elemental halogen reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein elemental halogen is employed as a source of halogen
in the product.
Subclass:
235
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Metal halide reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein a compound containing metal and halogen is employed
as a source of halogen in the product.
Subclass:
236
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Isomerization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein a compound is converted into another compound of
differing structure but of the same empirical formula as the
starting compound.
Subclass:
237
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Increasing the number of carbon atoms in the compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein the final product contains more carbon atoms in a
molecule than any of the reactants.
Subclass:
238
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Purification or recovery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 216. Process
wherein a compound containing carbon to carbon unsaturated is
separated from a mixture or in which impurities are separated
from said compound.
Subclass:
239
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Including contact with solid agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 238. Process
wherein the purification or recovery includes a step of
contacting with a substance which remains solid throughout
the process and which substance effects purification or
recovery, e.g., sorption, etc.
Subclass:
240
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing from elemental carbon, inorganic carbide, carbon
disulfide, or carbon oxide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein elemental carbon, an inorganic carbide, carbon
disulfide, or a carbon oxide is employed as a source of
carbon in the product.
Subclass:
241
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing utilizing plural diverse reactions in separate
zones:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein different reactions are carried out in different
zones.This subclass requires that at least one different
reactant is added in a latter zone.
(1) Note. Mere plural addition of more of the same
ingredient in a subsequent zone, e.g., multistage halogen
addition, etc., will not place a patent in this or the
indented subclass.
(2) Note. While at least one reaction must produce a
compound under subclass 101, the other diverse reaction may
be any type, e.g., preparation of halogenating agent by
chemical reaction, etc.
Subclass:
242
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Addition reaction of hydrogen chloride to carbon to carbon
unsaturation with chlorination in separate zone:
This subclass is indented under subclass 241. Process
wherein in one zone hydrogen chloride is added to carbon to
carbon unsaturation and in another zone chlorine replaces
hydrogen in the same compound.
(1) Note. These reactions may occur in any order.
Subclass:
243
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by oxyhalogenation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process which
includes reaction with a mixture of hydrogen halide and
elemental oxygen whereby halogen is generated in situ.
Subclass:
244
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Liquid medium or inorganic melt utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Process
wherein the reaction takes place in a liquid medium or an
inorganic melt.
Subclass:
245
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Fixed bed catalyst utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Process
wherein the catalyst is solid and remains in a fixed position
relative to the apparatus during the reaction.
Subclass:
246
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by addition of elemental halogen, interhalogen
compound, or hydrogen halide to carbon to carbon
unsaturation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein elemental halogen, an interhalogen compound, or
hydrogen halide is added to carbon to carbon unsaturation,
thus reducing the degree of unsaturation.
Subclass:
247
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst or reaction directing agent utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Process
including a catalyst which promotes the reaction or an agent
which causes the addition to take place in a particular way
to favor the production of one possible product over
another.
Subclass:
248
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Hydrogen halide reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 247. Process
wherein hydrogen halide is added to carbon to carbon
unsaturation.
Subclass:
249
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Nonmetallic catalyst or reaction directing agent utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Process
wherein the catalyst or reaction directing agent does not
contain any atoms of a metal.
Subclass:
250
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst or reaction directing agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 248. Containing a
Group VIII Metal Utilized: Process wherein the catalyst or
reaction directing agent contains an atom of a Group VIII
metal.
Subclass:
251
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
All reactants in vapor phase:
This subclass is indented under subclass 246. Process
wherein all reactants are in the vapor phase in the reaction
zone.
Subclass:
252
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Elemental halogen reactant:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein elemental halogen is employed as a source of halogen
in the product.
Subclass:
253
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Catalyst or reaction directing agent utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Process
including a catalyst which promotes the reaction or an agent
which causes the reaction to take place in a particular way
to favor one possible product over another.
Subclass:
254
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Inorganic metal containing catalyst or reaction directing
agent utilized:
This subclass is indented under subclass 253. Process
wherein the catalyst or reaction directing agent contains a
metal atom and no organic material.
Subclass:
255
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
All reactants in vapor phase:
This subclass is indented under subclass 252. Process
wherein all reactants are in the vapor phase in the reaction
zone.
Subclass:
256
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Isomerization:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a compound is converted to another compound of
differing structure but of the same empirical formula as the
starting compound.
Subclass:
257
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by increasing the number of carbons in the
compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein the final product contains more than carbon atoms in
a molecule than any of the reactants.
Subclass:
258
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by reacting hydrogen halide with a compound which
contains hydroxy bonded directly to carbon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a hydroxy group bonded directly to carbon is reacted
with hydrogen halide to replace the hydroxy group with
halogen.
Subclass:
259
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by reacting ether with hydrogen halide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein an ether is reacted with hydrogen halide to replace
the oxygen atom with halogen.
Subclass:
260
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preparing by halogen exchange:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a halogen atom in a compound is replaced with a
different halogen.
Subclass:
261
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Halogen source is a compound other than hydrogen halide:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a source of halogen in there product is a compound
other than hydrogen halide, e.g., NH[subscrpt]4[end
subscrpt]Cl, etc.
(1) Note. Include hereunder is the transfer of halogen from
one organic compound to another to produce a product for this
class, e.g., transhalogenation, etc.
Subclass:
262
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Purification or recovery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process
wherein a halogen containing compound is separated from a
mixture or in which impurities are separated from said
compound.
Subclass:
263
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Liquid-liquid extraction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 262. Process
wherein a substance is transferred from one liquid phase to
another liquid phase essentially insoluble in the first
liquid phase.
Subclass:
264
![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif)
Preservation or stabilization treatment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Process of
treating a compound to increase its stability or prevent or
reduce deterioration.
(1) Note. This process may include contacting with a
chemical agent or a physical treatment, e.g., heating, etc.
SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
102 for a process of adding an agent as a preservative or
stabilizer which remains with the compound.
211 238+ and 262+, for processes of increasing the stability
of a compound by purification.
Information Products Division -- Contacts
Questions regarding this report should be directed to:
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
Information Products Division
PK3- Suite 441
Washington, DC 20231
tel: (703) 306-2600
FAX: (703) 306-2737
email: oeip@uspto.gov
Last Modified: 6 October 2000