U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division
Technology Assessment and Forecast (TAF) Branch

U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES-
UTILITY PATENT GRANTS,
CALENDAR YEARS 1969-2000

- this report has been prepared with support from the National Science Foundation -


BREAKOUT BY TECHNOLOGY CLASS -
PATENTS DISTRIBUTED BY CALENDAR YEAR OF GRANT

NUMBER OF UTILITY PATENTS ASSIGNED ANNUALLY
TO U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES RANKED IN THE
TOP 100 BY R&D EXPENDITURES IN FY 1999

- Explanation of Data -

Rank Ordered Listing of Technology Classes Receiving 1 or More Utility Patents During the Period

This Table Displays Patent Counts By Technology Class
For Patents Granted To The Following Top 100 R&D University:

UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA

( count of patent grants, as distributed by calendar year of grant )
( technology class is determined by the primary patent classification - see 'Explanation of Data' )
 
Class Class Title PRE_1980 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total
424 Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (includes Class 514) 6 0 0 2 1 1 1 4 1 4 1 5 4 2 3 2 3 5 8 16 9 10 88
435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology 4 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 4 3 5 2 1 4 1 5 8 4 8 5 10 9 78
532 Organic Compounds (includes Classes 532-570) 5 3 2 1 1 0 1 0 2 1 3 5 0 2 3 3 3 5 3 4 2 2 51
530 Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 1 4 0 2 0 2 1 4 4 1 26
604 Surgery (Medicators and Receptors) 2 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 6 3 1 2 0 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 26
073 Measuring and Testing 4 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 4 2 3 0 1 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 25
128 Surgery (includes Class 600) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 4 1 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 4 4 23
210 Liquid Purification or Separation 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 2 2 4 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 18
257 Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 3 4 2 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 18
520 Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers (includes Classes 520-528) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 0 13
606 Surgery (instruments) 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 1 2 11
623 Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 11
324 Electricity: Measuring and Testing 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 9
800 Multicellular Living Organisms and Unmodified Parts Thereof and Related Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 2 3 9
427 Coating Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 7
700 DP: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
075 Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
436 Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 6
104 Railways 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
119 Animal Husbandry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
359 Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 5
060 Power Plants 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
062 Refrigeration 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
204 Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
205 Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 4
252 Compositions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 4
307 Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 4
372 Coherent Light Generators 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 4
417 Pumps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
426 Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
428 Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 4
585 Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 4
607 Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 4
123 Internal-Combustion Engines 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
209 Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
241 Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
250 Radiant Energy 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
264 Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
326 Electronic Digital Logic Circuitry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
360 Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
363 Electric Power Conversion Systems 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3
438 Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
504 Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 3
505 Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
601 Surgery: Kinesitherapy 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
047 Plant Husbandry 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
054 Harness (for animals) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
126 Stoves and Furnaces 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
134 Cleaning and Liquid Contact with Solids 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
135 Tent, Canopy, Umbrella, or Cane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
137 Fluid Handling 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
216 Etching a Substrate: Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
219 Electric Heating 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
327 Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
330 Amplifiers 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
407 Cutters, for Shaping 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
414 Material or Article Handling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
422 Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
423 Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
429 Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 2
707 DP: Database and File Management, Data Structures, Or Document Processing (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2
708 Arithmetic Processing and Calculating (Electrical Computers) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
040 Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
052 Static Structures (e.g., Buildings) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
074 Machine Element or Mechanism 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
081 Tools 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
083 Cutting 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
095 Gas Separation: Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
096 Gas Separation: Apparatus 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
100 Presses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
110 Furnaces 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
136 Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
162 Paper Making and Fiber Liberation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
222 Dispensing (apparatus and process) 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
242 Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
261 Gas and Liquid Contact Apparatus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
266 Metallurgical Apparatus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
310 Electrical Generator or Motor Structure 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
322 Electricity: Single Generator Systems 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
323 Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
341 Coded Data Generation or Conversion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
356 Optics: Measuring and Testing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
361 Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
378 X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
380 Cryptography 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
381 Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
392 Electric Resistance Heating Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
431 Combustion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
433 Dentistry 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
434 Education and Demonstration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
441 Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
452 Butchering 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
502 Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
602 Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
701 DP: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
705 DP: Financial, Business Practice, Management, or Cost/Price Determination (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
709 Multiple Computer or Process Coordinating (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
712 Processing Architectures and Instruction Processing, e.g., Processors (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
713 Support (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
ALL ALL CLASSES 60 6 12 10 5 6 11 16 28 26 40 38 32 31 27 28 25 31 32 43 49 46 602



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Last Modified: May 22, 2002