U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division
Technology Assessment and Forecast (TAF) Branch

U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES-
UTILITY PATENT GRANTS,
CALENDAR YEARS 1969-2000

- this report has been prepared with support from the National Science Foundation -


BREAKOUT BY TECHNOLOGY CLASS -
PATENTS DISTRIBUTED BY CALENDAR YEAR OF PATENT APPLICATION

NUMBER OF UTILITY PATENTS ASSIGNED ANNUALLY
TO U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES RANKED IN THE
TOP 100 BY R&D EXPENDITURES IN FY 1999

- Explanation of Data -

Rank Ordered Listing of Technology Classes Receiving 1 or More Utility Patents During the Period

This Table Displays Patent Counts By Technology Class
For Patents Granted To The Following Top 100 R&D University:

UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH

( count of patent grants, as distributed by calendar year of patent application )
( technology class is determined by the primary patent classification - see 'Explanation of Data' )
 
Class Class Title PRE_1980 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total
424 Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (includes Class 514) 1 0 1 1 2 1 0 1 0 2 2 5 1 0 4 3 12 11 9 3 0 0 59
435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 5 7 8 7 6 0 0 0 38
532 Organic Compounds (includes Classes 532-570) 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 2 2 1 1 0 2 1 4 3 2 0 0 23
128 Surgery (includes Class 600) 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 13
604 Surgery (Medicators and Receptors) 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 10
520 Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers (includes Classes 520-528) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 8
382 Image Analysis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 7
436 Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 7
210 Liquid Purification or Separation 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 6
359 Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 6
378 X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 5
530 Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 5
606 Surgery (instruments) 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
250 Radiant Energy 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
084 Music 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
338 Electrical Resistors 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
365 Static Information Storage and Retrieval 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3
385 Optical Waveguides 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
422 Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3
427 Coating Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 3
502 Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
702 DP: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 3
073 Measuring and Testing 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
252 Compositions 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2
264 Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
324 Electricity: Measuring and Testing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
345 Computer Graphics Processing, Operator Interface Processing, and Selective Visual Display Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2
356 Optics: Measuring and Testing 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2
396 Photography 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
417 Pumps 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2
423 Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2
428 Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
433 Dentistry 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
518 Chemistry: Fischer-Tropsch Processes; or Purification or Recovery of Products Thereof 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
005 Beds 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
047 Plant Husbandry 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
052 Static Structures (e.g., Buildings) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
074 Machine Element or Mechanism 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
117 Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
126 Stoves and Furnaces 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
136 Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
148 Metal Treatment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
180 Motor Vehicles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
204 Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
205 Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
209 Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
216 Etching a Substrate: Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
221 Article Dispensing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
318 Electricity: Motive Power Systems 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
327 Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
335 Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
336 Inductor Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
341 Coded Data Generation or Conversion 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
342 Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
386 Television Signal Processing for Dynamic Recording or Reproducing 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
406 Conveyors: Fluid Current 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
425 Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
516 Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents, Subcombinations Thereof, Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
623 Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
707 DP: Database and File Management, Data Structures, Or Document Processing (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
709 Multiple Computer or Process Coordinating (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
800 Multicellular Living Organisms and Unmodified Parts Thereof and Related Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
ALL ALL CLASSES 10 6 6 8 6 10 4 7 6 8 14 18 11 12 15 17 29 36 31 16 2 0 272



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Last Modified: May 22, 2002