U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Information Products Division
Technology Assessment and Forecast (TAF) Branch

U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES-
UTILITY PATENT GRANTS,
CALENDAR YEARS 1969-2000

- this report has been prepared with support from the National Science Foundation -


BREAKOUT BY TECHNOLOGY CLASS -
PATENTS DISTRIBUTED BY CALENDAR YEAR OF GRANT

NUMBER OF UTILITY PATENTS ASSIGNED ANNUALLY
TO U.S. COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES RANKED IN THE
TOP 100 BY R&D EXPENDITURES IN FY 1999

- Explanation of Data -

Rank Ordered Listing of Technology Classes Receiving 1 or More Utility Patents During the Period

This Table Displays Patent Counts By Technology Class
For Patents Granted To The Following Top 100 R&D University:

YALE UNIVERSITY

( count of patent grants, as distributed by calendar year of grant )
( technology class is determined by the primary patent classification - see 'Explanation of Data' )
 
Class Class Title PRE_1980 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total
424 Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (includes Class 514) 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 5 1 4 5 1 5 5 4 5 4 7 8 5 8 71
435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 0 5 14 12 11 54
532 Organic Compounds (includes Classes 532-570) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 1 3 1 2 5 0 0 4 1 4 25
530 Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 4 3 2 16
250 Radiant Energy 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 8
204 Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
257 Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 4
324 Electricity: Measuring and Testing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 4
800 Multicellular Living Organisms and Unmodified Parts Thereof and Related Processes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 4
128 Surgery (includes Class 600) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
359 Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 3
520 Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers (includes Classes 520-528) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
210 Liquid Purification or Separation 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
345 Computer Graphics Processing, Operator Interface Processing, and Selective Visual Display Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2
372 Coherent Light Generators 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2
436 Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
438 Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
606 Surgery (instruments) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
708 Arithmetic Processing and Calculating (Electrical Computers) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
062 Refrigeration 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
239 Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
315 Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
327 Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
342 Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
365 Static Information Storage and Retrieval 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
367 Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
377 Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
381 Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
422 Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
428 Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
430 Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
703 DP: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
707 DP: Database and File Management, Data Structures, Or Document Processing (Data Processing) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
709 Multiple Computer or Process Coordinating (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
712 Processing Architectures and Instruction Processing, e.g., Processors (Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
ALL ALL CLASSES 1 0 0 0 2 2 5 3 12 6 11 10 4 12 14 13 16 7 20 34 28 29 229



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Last Modified: May 22, 2002