1 00:00:01,740 --> 00:00:06,260 If I could ask everyone to go ahead and take their seats the show will begin! 2 00:00:06,260 --> 00:02:07,640 [walk-up music playing] 3 00:02:07,640 --> 00:02:12,220 Good morning and welcome you've now experienced a fraction of 4 00:02:12,230 --> 00:02:16,940 what it feels like to be in a first competition welcome to those of you who 5 00:02:16,940 --> 00:02:20,660 are here in person with us at the Clara Barton auditorium at the US Patent and 6 00:02:20,660 --> 00:02:25,130 Trademark Office and welcome to those of you who are joining us online from 7 00:02:25,130 --> 00:02:31,070 across the globe and yes I did say the globe because this time the invitation 8 00:02:31,070 --> 00:02:36,320 to participate in today's Speaker Series has gone out globally because it was 9 00:02:36,320 --> 00:02:41,150 sent to the FIRST network which in fact is a global network thanks to the vision 10 00:02:41,150 --> 00:02:46,970 leadership and drive of our special guest today before I turn it over to our 11 00:02:46,970 --> 00:02:51,470 very own director Andrei Iancu I have a couple of quick housekeeping asks for 12 00:02:51,470 --> 00:02:56,269 you the first of which is to please turn off your cell phones I understand that 13 00:02:56,269 --> 00:03:00,019 the robots will be proceeding throughout the room and taking away any phones that 14 00:03:00,019 --> 00:03:05,120 ring during the presentation second I want to ask you to prepare your 15 00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:09,650 questions for the Q&A portion which will be occurring at the latter part of 16 00:03:09,650 --> 00:03:14,329 today's event there are microphones in the aisles for those of you who are here 17 00:03:14,329 --> 00:03:19,970 present in person we also have a very special microphone for any students 18 00:03:19,970 --> 00:03:25,220 wanting to ask a question and we also have the ability for our online audience 19 00:03:25,220 --> 00:03:29,810 to ask questions there will be an address posted and email address posted 20 00:03:29,810 --> 00:03:36,170 later during the Q&A portion for you to use to submit your questions but without 21 00:03:36,170 --> 00:03:43,210 further ado let me turn the program over to our director Andrei Iancu 22 00:03:47,080 --> 00:03:53,030 Great thanks Elizabeth welcome Dean and the way we'll do this will have a number 23 00:03:53,030 --> 00:03:58,069 of questions for Dean but and then we'll turn it over to the audience but first 24 00:03:58,069 --> 00:04:04,160 let me introduce our speaker by the way it's really great to see usually the 25 00:04:04,160 --> 00:04:09,530 first couple of rows are filled by USPTO executives and the like it's really 26 00:04:09,530 --> 00:04:15,020 great to see that now the first couple of rows are filled by the future USPTO 27 00:04:15,020 --> 00:04:24,910 executives students they have come to be with us obviously our speaker today 28 00:04:24,910 --> 00:04:29,780 needs not needs no introduction to this audience 29 00:04:29,780 --> 00:04:35,840 he holds hundreds of U.S. and foreign patents Dean also received the National 30 00:04:35,840 --> 00:04:40,760 Medal of Technology in 2000 and importantly for us here the USPTO was 31 00:04:40,760 --> 00:04:46,970 inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2005 in the 70s while he 32 00:04:46,970 --> 00:04:51,740 was still a college student student he invented the auto syringe an automatic 33 00:04:51,740 --> 00:04:58,550 infusion pump that delivers precise doses of medication and obviously about 34 00:04:58,550 --> 00:05:03,950 a couple of decades later he invented what he probably is most famous for I 35 00:05:03,950 --> 00:05:09,320 don't know I'll have him tell us the segue in the mid-nineteen ninety's in 36 00:05:09,320 --> 00:05:14,360 between he founded deca Research and Development Corporation to pursue 37 00:05:14,360 --> 00:05:17,960 inventions aimed at improving lives around the world 38 00:05:17,960 --> 00:05:23,090 one of that cos most ambitious prod projects nowadays is water purification 39 00:05:23,090 --> 00:05:29,830 a device called a slingshot named after the weapon used to defeat the Gullah the 40 00:05:29,830 --> 00:05:38,960 biblical Goliath and he'll tell us a lot about that as well I think the goal is 41 00:05:38,960 --> 00:05:45,800 to reach millions of people who die from waterborne disease each each year so the 42 00:05:45,800 --> 00:05:51,590 breadth of innovation is absolutely staggering but really one of the most 43 00:05:51,590 --> 00:05:57,800 exciting things in my mind about Dean's career is his incredible 44 00:05:57,800 --> 00:06:05,990 focus on education and we see that firsthand in the room today 45 00:06:05,990 --> 00:06:10,310 he found it first which stands for for inspiration and recognition of Science 46 00:06:10,310 --> 00:06:18,199 and Technology in 1989 to achieve his educational goals today millions of 47 00:06:18,199 --> 00:06:24,830 students have experienced this program and the number of them are with us here 48 00:06:24,830 --> 00:06:33,440 today and that is so really great to see first and foremost I want to thank what 49 00:06:33,440 --> 00:06:38,210 I believe are five FIRST LEGO League and FIRST robotics teams which have joined 50 00:06:38,210 --> 00:06:44,960 us today to showcase their efforts many of them have traveled for quite a 51 00:06:44,960 --> 00:06:56,080 distance in on the East Coast so we have I believe Power Hawks robotics team yes 52 00:06:58,539 --> 00:07:02,740 life engineering team 53 00:07:04,610 --> 00:07:16,740 the Wizards dot exe team the ruling robot Falcons team and last but 54 00:07:16,740 --> 00:07:22,789 certainly not least the magically energized lightning waffle bunnies 55 00:07:22,789 --> 00:07:29,699 that's that's quite the name I also believe that Nick Reeves is here right 56 00:07:29,699 --> 00:07:32,750 Nick are you here yes all right there he is 57 00:07:32,750 --> 00:07:39,270 Nick Nick grew up in first participating both in junior high and high school and 58 00:07:39,270 --> 00:07:43,949 is a testament to the power of first Nick today has a degree in computer 59 00:07:43,949 --> 00:07:48,180 science and engineering works at Stilwell technologies and robotics in 60 00:07:48,180 --> 00:07:55,469 Virginia and receives his first patent in December of 2019 for robotics 61 00:07:55,469 --> 00:08:02,969 interface yeah and most importantly really Nick continues his legacy with 62 00:08:02,969 --> 00:08:07,319 first and is now a mentor in the volunteer which I am sure that when you 63 00:08:07,319 --> 00:08:12,750 all grow up you will also do the same welcome to all of you and welcome also 64 00:08:12,750 --> 00:08:18,030 to st. Andrew's Episcopal school neighborhood school here in Potomac 65 00:08:18,030 --> 00:08:25,759 Maryland welcome to all and not to forgive the patent attorneys obviously 66 00:08:25,759 --> 00:08:30,150 represented first and foremost by Dean's own patent attorney Maureen 2e who's 67 00:08:30,150 --> 00:08:36,300 here and she was also a member of the PTO sp back welcome to her and also to 68 00:08:36,300 --> 00:08:42,750 David Rogers of deca research and of course to the USPTO 69 00:08:42,750 --> 00:08:49,079 examiners who do that they day in and day out the work that is needed to 70 00:08:49,079 --> 00:08:55,130 promote innovation and entrepreneurship in the United States so with that 71 00:08:55,130 --> 00:09:07,200 welcome Dean so because we already met some of the first robotics students why 72 00:09:07,200 --> 00:09:10,500 don't you tell us a little bit about this most what I view is one of your 73 00:09:10,500 --> 00:09:16,810 most important projects first first of all thank you and I I do agree that 74 00:09:16,810 --> 00:09:20,830 it's the most important project I've ever done people always say what's 75 00:09:20,830 --> 00:09:25,690 what's your best invention meaning inventions are important right and my 76 00:09:25,690 --> 00:09:32,440 answer is always well inventions are that important the best thing you can 77 00:09:32,440 --> 00:09:38,530 invent is more inventors and we now have a million of them so I think long after 78 00:09:38,530 --> 00:09:43,660 I no longer current with the best technologies no longer capable of making 79 00:09:43,660 --> 00:09:50,110 some individual great idea happen I will know that there's a generation now a few 80 00:09:50,110 --> 00:09:54,540 generations thousands tens of thousands hundreds of thousands of kids out there 81 00:09:54,540 --> 00:09:59,830 that one day are gonna be sitting here or getting the National Medal of 82 00:09:59,830 --> 00:10:03,430 Technology or getting a Nobel Prize and somebody's gonna put a microphone in 83 00:10:03,430 --> 00:10:10,600 their face and say what made you do this professor well when I was a kid I didn't 84 00:10:10,600 --> 00:10:14,740 appreciate how exciting science and technology was I didn't realize you 85 00:10:14,740 --> 00:10:20,500 could create new solutions to problems until I got involved with first and from 86 00:10:20,500 --> 00:10:25,540 that day forward that's why I'm here today and I I think first we'll have the 87 00:10:25,540 --> 00:10:31,000 longest legacy of anything I've ever done that is so great to hear and I I 88 00:10:31,000 --> 00:10:34,690 absolutely agree you know back to the countries one of the country's most 89 00:10:34,690 --> 00:10:38,980 famous inventors Thomas Edison one of the things they say about Thomas Edison 90 00:10:38,980 --> 00:10:45,070 who's had you know probably a thousand patents here in the US alone that his 91 00:10:45,070 --> 00:10:55,810 biggest invention was he invented in and that has had an unbelievable legacy 92 00:10:55,810 --> 00:11:01,030 throughout American history so what is what is first doing now what's the 93 00:11:01,030 --> 00:11:05,230 latest and greatest with first so we've started a couple of new programs and 94 00:11:05,230 --> 00:11:09,340 you've already listed a few of them and we have a global program which Dorothy 95 00:11:09,340 --> 00:11:16,570 pointed out and we've started to do two things to make the game more attractive 96 00:11:16,570 --> 00:11:20,410 to more young people because if we started realizing that some people and 97 00:11:20,410 --> 00:11:24,460 you say the word robotics or science or mathematics or engineering oh that's not 98 00:11:24,460 --> 00:11:28,940 for me and you'll hear a lot of kids particularly girls will say 99 00:11:28,940 --> 00:11:33,170 science and like and then you'll say well you mean you don't like Star Wars 100 00:11:33,170 --> 00:11:37,400 well that's not saying oh no it's science fiction and then I tell 101 00:11:37,400 --> 00:11:40,730 everybody you know there's only one difference between science and science 102 00:11:40,730 --> 00:11:46,100 fiction timing in every generation we have science fiction and then people get 103 00:11:46,100 --> 00:11:52,150 down and turn it into reality and I'm thinking what's more exciting 104 00:11:52,150 --> 00:11:56,810 thinking about it or actually making it real so over the years I've always 105 00:11:56,810 --> 00:12:01,940 wanted to show kids that say they don't like science that they really do if it's 106 00:12:01,940 --> 00:12:05,210 presented properly because science fiction has been part of culture forever 107 00:12:05,210 --> 00:12:09,050 and I'm really happy in fact I have a video that I'll ask them to show in a 108 00:12:09,050 --> 00:12:13,520 second that for the first time this year as we've as I said over the last few 109 00:12:13,520 --> 00:12:16,220 years we started theming the games instead of just saying you're getting 110 00:12:16,220 --> 00:12:19,820 points by picking those things up know they represent pollution in the ocean 111 00:12:19,820 --> 00:12:23,780 and when you pick them up you're cleaning up and whatever game we make 112 00:12:23,780 --> 00:12:26,900 you still have to learn all the business of engineering and mechanics and 113 00:12:26,900 --> 00:12:30,050 electronics and sensors and robots but instead of just saying it's about 114 00:12:30,050 --> 00:12:34,700 winning points like in basketball no your thigh matically demonstrating how 115 00:12:34,700 --> 00:12:39,800 these skill sets will allow you to talk tackle the world's problems so this year 116 00:12:39,800 --> 00:12:45,890 since our theme is about space we got a little company called Disney who owns a 117 00:12:45,890 --> 00:12:50,330 little brand and by the way thank you trademark office we're going to talk 118 00:12:50,330 --> 00:12:54,800 about that I hope to but you know patents expire but trademarks go forever 119 00:12:54,800 --> 00:13:00,410 and and and they're very valuable and so we convinced the Disney company not only 120 00:13:00,410 --> 00:13:05,090 to let us work with them and co-brand with them because they have such a great 121 00:13:05,090 --> 00:13:11,150 reach to kids but one of their most special properties Star Wars and so this 122 00:13:11,150 --> 00:13:18,020 year for the first time at our kickoff r2d2 and and and Mark Hamill Luke 123 00:13:18,020 --> 00:13:25,190 Skywalker were there to show that Disney one of the greatest let's say companies 124 00:13:25,190 --> 00:13:30,650 that can n distribute science fiction is working with us to create real science 125 00:13:30,650 --> 00:13:37,100 so look at this intro that we just used at our kickoff can we show that at face 126 00:13:37,100 --> 00:13:42,329 value first is a robot competition but at the end of the day it's so much 127 00:13:42,329 --> 00:13:47,100 that I'm very excited to announce that Disney and Lucasfilm are teaming up with 128 00:13:47,100 --> 00:13:52,079 first as part of the Star Wars force for change philanthropic initiative my 129 00:13:52,079 --> 00:13:54,629 favorite thing about first my students are learning how to work together 130 00:13:54,629 --> 00:14:05,129 they're learning how to be leaders and also to express themselves Star Wars has 131 00:14:05,129 --> 00:14:09,629 always been a leader in the latest technological developments now with the 132 00:14:09,629 --> 00:14:13,829 Disney Imagineers bringing Star Wars to life with Star Wars Galaxies edge this 133 00:14:13,829 --> 00:14:18,299 is a really exciting year for the saga this year's Star Wars force for change 134 00:14:18,299 --> 00:14:22,319 is working specifically with first to inspire their youth community to use 135 00:14:22,319 --> 00:14:27,299 their technology and robotics skills to be forces for good together we'll bring 136 00:14:27,299 --> 00:14:31,019 hands-on learning opportunities and mentorship to more young people around 137 00:14:31,019 --> 00:14:33,619 the world 138 00:14:35,240 --> 00:14:41,819 that shows you that first is really come around now one of the world's most 139 00:14:41,819 --> 00:14:47,459 iconic giant entertainment companies known for their ability to present 140 00:14:47,459 --> 00:14:52,439 science and science fiction Disney is our partner and you're also doing 141 00:14:52,439 --> 00:14:56,670 something commercially right with another big company that folks have 142 00:14:56,670 --> 00:15:01,980 recognized so all of you at first know that you trust that baby you made that 143 00:15:01,980 --> 00:15:07,500 robot to go to one company that delivers it to every regional every championship 144 00:15:07,500 --> 00:15:10,589 and they've been doing it for decades for us and they do it as their 145 00:15:10,589 --> 00:15:14,670 commitment the first dozen that's FedEx you all give them your robots right you 146 00:15:14,670 --> 00:15:18,360 trust them last year they delivered thousands and thousands of them to all 147 00:15:18,360 --> 00:15:23,399 our events not a single one was late or lost or damaged so that founder of FedEx 148 00:15:23,399 --> 00:15:28,889 came to me and said Dean everybody wants to make delivery bots small ones that 149 00:15:28,889 --> 00:15:34,410 can live in a city that can go in the suburbs that can go through puddles that 150 00:15:34,410 --> 00:15:40,230 can recognize traffic lights that can climb stairs can you help us make a bot 151 00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:45,449 like that mr. Smith you know we would do anything for you the whole first 152 00:15:45,449 --> 00:15:50,279 community loves you but by the way mr. Smith I've spent 20 years building a 153 00:15:50,279 --> 00:15:54,600 balancing device that's made for sidewalks and climbing stairs it helps 154 00:15:54,600 --> 00:15:59,639 the disabled population it's called my I bots from which came the same way but I 155 00:15:59,639 --> 00:16:05,189 said to him if we pull the seed off that thing because they can carry a 300 pound 156 00:16:05,189 --> 00:16:11,490 human payload up and down stairs they can certainly carry a pizza so so I said 157 00:16:11,490 --> 00:16:16,110 let's put a cargo pod on it and it'll have not only the immediate advantage to 158 00:16:16,110 --> 00:16:21,149 get BOTS out to you quickly that are made for a community and it'll also help 159 00:16:21,149 --> 00:16:26,870 drive the volume of the bases up so we can make iPods more available more 160 00:16:26,870 --> 00:16:30,779 cost-effectively to the whole disabled community including veterans he's very 161 00:16:30,779 --> 00:16:35,699 passionate about that so last year we I put a whole team together at Decca to do 162 00:16:35,699 --> 00:16:38,579 what you guys do we made a project out of making a 163 00:16:38,579 --> 00:16:43,500 delivery bot and just recently they announced it to the world by making a 164 00:16:43,500 --> 00:16:46,560 quick little 1 minute video that shows that doing all the 165 00:16:46,560 --> 00:16:50,280 things I just said recognize the environment moving autonomously climbing 166 00:16:50,280 --> 00:16:54,780 stairs they even put music in it he needs me he needs me because they 167 00:16:54,780 --> 00:16:58,650 wanted to show that BOTS Anna in a community shouldn't be things people are 168 00:16:58,650 --> 00:17:02,490 afraid of they should be part of it so it's a very cute thing but I figured all 169 00:17:02,490 --> 00:17:05,940 of you guys that build robots would appreciate how hard this was to do so 170 00:17:05,940 --> 00:17:17,299 let's look at the piece that FedEx did 171 00:17:17,559 --> 00:17:24,730 and all at once I knew I knew at once I knew he needed 172 00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:35,120 until the day I die I won't know why I knew he needed me 173 00:17:36,809 --> 00:17:41,460 he could be fantasy all 174 00:17:41,549 --> 00:17:45,690 maybe it's because 175 00:17:45,810 --> 00:18:04,109 he needs me he's me he needs me he needs me he needs me 176 00:18:04,109 --> 00:18:10,840 the future what we deliver by delivering we're expecting all of you guys to 177 00:18:10,840 --> 00:18:16,419 deliver a future so keep working I noticed that they were delivering 178 00:18:16,419 --> 00:18:19,960 something more important than a pizza in that video but I have a very important 179 00:18:19,960 --> 00:18:24,129 question about the pizza delivery you mentioned when the bot comes with the 180 00:18:24,129 --> 00:18:30,489 pizza do I have to tip the box have you have you worked on that I mean we need 181 00:18:30,489 --> 00:18:33,549 to know these things we've actually thought about those kinds 182 00:18:33,549 --> 00:18:39,299 of issues and I can't disclose them there's still a lot trade secrets okay 183 00:18:39,299 --> 00:18:46,509 all right let's step back in your own career because at some point you were 184 00:18:46,509 --> 00:18:53,649 the age of these children and as as I mentioned in my intro one of your first 185 00:18:53,649 --> 00:18:57,909 inventions was when you're a college student but when exactly did you figure 186 00:18:57,909 --> 00:19:02,469 out that you were an inventor when just start tinkering around with with new new 187 00:19:02,469 --> 00:19:08,289 things so when I was in actually junior high school I started making things in 188 00:19:08,289 --> 00:19:15,070 my parents basement and I have to be careful because I love getting an 189 00:19:15,070 --> 00:19:19,479 education and I love teachers that help me but when I point out to people I 190 00:19:19,479 --> 00:19:23,259 didn't do well in school they think that's dissing school and it's not it 191 00:19:23,259 --> 00:19:28,029 was just dissing the way they do things that are a little too abstract for me 192 00:19:28,029 --> 00:19:32,499 and they go too quickly and I used to like to really think about a problem 193 00:19:32,499 --> 00:19:36,219 from every angle and then go build something and one of the reasons I 194 00:19:36,219 --> 00:19:39,789 started first as I thought there are lots of kids out there that may not be 195 00:19:39,789 --> 00:19:44,559 the best at being students that are good at getting a quick answer to the 196 00:19:44,559 --> 00:19:47,320 question checking it in the back of the book I thought all the interesting 197 00:19:47,320 --> 00:19:50,619 questions are the ones that don't have an answer yet in the back of the book if 198 00:19:50,619 --> 00:19:55,299 there's an answer there why waste your time not only that I thought they aren't 199 00:19:55,299 --> 00:19:58,570 even asking the most interesting questions in the first place so I 200 00:19:58,570 --> 00:20:03,889 started trying to do things on my own own pace and then I had an older brother 201 00:20:03,889 --> 00:20:07,519 who's a brilliant unlike myself he always got all A's and who was a very 202 00:20:07,519 --> 00:20:12,489 good fast reader and I was Minh but anyway he went off sure how smart he was 203 00:20:12,489 --> 00:20:18,379 he's getting his md degree and his PhD and he's gonna be on the faculty at Yale 204 00:20:18,379 --> 00:20:21,649 Medical School and grad school and he's got runnin up and back to Harvard 205 00:20:21,649 --> 00:20:26,809 another little local school on there Boston and he's come up with new ways to 206 00:20:26,809 --> 00:20:31,569 treat babies with cancer his specialty is pediatric cancer he's a special guy 207 00:20:31,569 --> 00:20:35,389 but he'd come home on the weekends and say these babies wait two or three got 208 00:20:35,389 --> 00:20:37,999 that too small I can't use all the equipment to give him their drugs 209 00:20:37,999 --> 00:20:41,929 nothing does it well so I go down in the basement and build him a little device 210 00:20:41,929 --> 00:20:47,389 to help deliver super small amounts of drug very precisely from little syringes 211 00:20:47,389 --> 00:20:51,889 instead of big IV bags now that was not a business because brothers don't pay 212 00:20:51,889 --> 00:20:57,529 you anything but I didn't do it to be a business I did it because my brother 213 00:20:57,529 --> 00:21:01,039 needed and I did it because these babies needed it but my brother was very proud 214 00:21:01,039 --> 00:21:04,519 of it so he started showing it to all of his professors at Harvard and at Yale 215 00:21:04,519 --> 00:21:08,839 and one of them at Yale said wow we can use this little thing you made those 216 00:21:08,839 --> 00:21:14,389 babies so somebody can put it in their pocket and get doses of a drug like 217 00:21:14,389 --> 00:21:19,159 insulin for diabetes all day long well unlike my brother's work which is 218 00:21:19,159 --> 00:21:23,479 research on a very rare disease sadly diabetes is a very common disease 219 00:21:23,479 --> 00:21:29,029 and we realize millions of people might need these things so I moved out of the 220 00:21:29,029 --> 00:21:33,169 basement created a company and started making insulin pumps for the world and 221 00:21:33,169 --> 00:21:36,319 from that started making lots of other medical equipment and they've never 222 00:21:36,319 --> 00:21:40,399 stopped I now have about eight hundred engineers and we work on lots of 223 00:21:40,399 --> 00:21:45,589 different medical products primarily ones that we think will make a big 224 00:21:45,589 --> 00:21:49,489 improvement in the quality of life for people if we can if we can make it 225 00:21:49,489 --> 00:21:53,179 happen in almost every one of our projects I start on people say you're 226 00:21:53,179 --> 00:21:58,969 gonna do what that's crazy by the way if people don't think it's 227 00:21:58,969 --> 00:22:02,989 crazy it's probably not a big enough idea I only work on the ideas when 228 00:22:02,989 --> 00:22:10,339 people say you're not sadly most of the time they're right and you have to learn 229 00:22:10,339 --> 00:22:14,930 how to fail with a little class and a little dignity and projects can fail 230 00:22:14,930 --> 00:22:22,040 but the people fail but every once in a while it works and then you get a patent 231 00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:26,780 and then you go to big companies and say look here it is and it's protected and 232 00:22:26,780 --> 00:22:31,910 if you now take it to scale this could help millions of people live a better 233 00:22:31,910 --> 00:22:38,420 life and you launch it and it goes from indefensible to indispensable the first 234 00:22:38,420 --> 00:22:43,280 time people say that's a way better solution to a problem and I've been 235 00:22:43,280 --> 00:22:48,950 doing that now for nearly 40 years but you're not most inventors are focused on 236 00:22:48,950 --> 00:22:54,320 a particular area of technology and keep coming up sometimes with great 237 00:22:54,320 --> 00:23:00,680 inventions in a particular area you go from the auto syringe for tiny little 238 00:23:00,680 --> 00:23:07,790 babies to the Segway hard to imagine things that are more different 239 00:23:07,790 --> 00:23:13,520 technologically speaking maybe maybe I'm wrong but and many things in between how 240 00:23:13,520 --> 00:23:22,850 do you go from a medical device to to a robot on the streets how does that 241 00:23:22,850 --> 00:23:28,400 happen so over the years more and more people have said to me sort of a version 242 00:23:28,400 --> 00:23:34,340 of that question why do you do so many different kinds of projects and the 243 00:23:34,340 --> 00:23:37,040 first time I heard that question I didn't understand the question because I 244 00:23:37,040 --> 00:23:41,330 said I don't do different kinds of projects all the projects I do are kind 245 00:23:41,330 --> 00:23:47,330 of related what do you mean well I try to look at the world and try 246 00:23:47,330 --> 00:23:52,460 to find big problems that if I can be part of a solution will have a big 247 00:23:52,460 --> 00:23:56,960 impact you know making a little consumer product a little better or two cents 248 00:23:56,960 --> 00:24:01,340 cheaper or three that doesn't interest me there's lots of big companies that 249 00:24:01,340 --> 00:24:05,450 are very good at incremental change so if there's a really big problem after 250 00:24:05,450 --> 00:24:10,940 that hasn't been solved I think we should think about it and you know 251 00:24:10,940 --> 00:24:15,710 whether it's delivering drugs to babies that might die without it or allowing a 252 00:24:15,710 --> 00:24:20,390 paraplegic or a quadriplegic to stand up and go upstairs and balance which was 253 00:24:20,390 --> 00:24:27,020 the iPod from which the Segway was just a fun sideshow but but making an iPod we 254 00:24:27,020 --> 00:24:30,519 did be as we said that's a big problem for a 255 00:24:30,519 --> 00:24:34,179 small group of people but a big problem and it's the kind of problem that I 256 00:24:34,179 --> 00:24:37,209 don't think anybody's gonna solve because the wheelchair companies aren't 257 00:24:37,209 --> 00:24:42,309 gonna make super sophisticated fly-by-wire systems so it was a big 258 00:24:42,309 --> 00:24:46,479 problem that would have a big impact if it worked it's one that I doubt other 259 00:24:46,479 --> 00:24:52,109 people are working on and therefore we should figure out how to do it 260 00:24:52,109 --> 00:24:56,379 first same thing we know lots of people do science fairs lots of schools doing 261 00:24:56,379 --> 00:24:59,979 that but no no look at the problem differently and say we don't have an 262 00:24:59,979 --> 00:25:04,779 education problem my mom's a teacher I know everybody here knows some great 263 00:25:04,779 --> 00:25:07,839 teacher why does this country thirty years ago think we have an education oh 264 00:25:07,839 --> 00:25:11,859 we have a culture problem kids don't see how much fun science and engineering is 265 00:25:11,859 --> 00:25:15,609 they all think bouncing a ball is fun because it's a sport but science and 266 00:25:15,609 --> 00:25:19,269 engineering artists work I'll make it a sport so I thought that's a new and 267 00:25:19,269 --> 00:25:23,019 different idea it could solve a really big problem change the culture of this 268 00:25:23,019 --> 00:25:27,629 country to create a better future for us in the world so the long answer the 269 00:25:27,629 --> 00:25:31,629 question is I think all the projects I work on are very similar 270 00:25:31,629 --> 00:25:36,099 whether it's tiny little drug delivery systems big drug delivery systems now 271 00:25:36,099 --> 00:25:39,159 we're doing a clinical trial in home dialysis 272 00:25:39,159 --> 00:25:44,949 whether it's iPods whether it's first I look at important big problems that I 273 00:25:44,949 --> 00:25:49,599 think we have a totally different approach to that if we don't do it it 274 00:25:49,599 --> 00:25:53,559 probably won't happen soon if we do do it and it works we can make a really big 275 00:25:53,559 --> 00:25:59,440 impact on a really big problem and if it meets those criteria it's a big need we 276 00:25:59,440 --> 00:26:04,059 have a unique idea and we might be able to solve it by looking at it differently 277 00:26:04,059 --> 00:26:09,009 and coming up with a better technology then we start on it sometimes we fail I 278 00:26:09,009 --> 00:26:15,039 don't show those to the world we only show you the ones that work and you said 279 00:26:15,039 --> 00:26:17,949 so many things I want to come back to a bunch of them on this last point by the 280 00:26:17,949 --> 00:26:24,399 way I do think that it's also good to show the failures because others learn 281 00:26:24,399 --> 00:26:29,799 and avoid similar mistakes in academic circles that's an issue because there's 282 00:26:29,799 --> 00:26:33,819 an incentive for professors to publish only successful results so then 283 00:26:33,819 --> 00:26:39,399 everybody else has to reinvent the wheel but going back to something important 284 00:26:39,399 --> 00:26:43,550 but just on that one out tell you I violently agree with you in 285 00:26:43,550 --> 00:26:48,170 fact I think the reason a lot of people don't ever make big successes is because 286 00:26:48,170 --> 00:26:52,040 in school and in academia they're taught not to fail when you think about what 287 00:26:52,040 --> 00:26:55,970 school really is it's a way to learn from the past how to do what we know how 288 00:26:55,970 --> 00:26:59,330 to do they show you the answer that's how you do it's in the back of the book 289 00:26:59,330 --> 00:27:03,770 if they don't know the answer they don't typically don't publish the question so 290 00:27:03,770 --> 00:27:08,960 we at Decca have created part of our culture is what we call frog kissing and 291 00:27:08,960 --> 00:27:13,220 we give awards to our engineers you kissed the Frog you didn't get a prince 292 00:27:13,220 --> 00:27:16,730 or a princess out of it you got a wart most of the time you kiss a frog it 293 00:27:16,730 --> 00:27:22,700 doesn't turn into much but we have frog kissing and we we recognize our 294 00:27:22,700 --> 00:27:26,360 engineers that try to do really big things in a way that nobody ever did 295 00:27:26,360 --> 00:27:30,710 them before and most of the time it's a surprise outcome in the surprise isn't a 296 00:27:30,710 --> 00:27:37,100 happy one but instead of punishing failure or hiding failure we celebrate 297 00:27:37,100 --> 00:27:41,720 it because we learn from it and we move forward and I tell everybody at the end 298 00:27:41,720 --> 00:27:46,280 of the day if I had a choice between not really big success in a really big 299 00:27:46,280 --> 00:27:50,330 failure I like the really big success but if I had a choice between either one 300 00:27:50,330 --> 00:27:55,760 of those and the warm death of mediocrity I choose the failure I choose 301 00:27:55,760 --> 00:27:59,929 a great big failure that maybe then one day a great big success before I would 302 00:27:59,929 --> 00:28:04,460 go the safe route yeah so the common saying is it's better to have tried and 303 00:28:04,460 --> 00:28:11,030 failed and not to have tried at all huge point for all major inventors embracing 304 00:28:11,030 --> 00:28:14,720 failure not being afraid of failure everybody who comes and speaks at this 305 00:28:14,720 --> 00:28:20,090 in this series makes the same point but isn't this a cultural problem in the 306 00:28:20,090 --> 00:28:24,350 United States how I mean you're doing it with first I love this practicing a 307 00:28:24,350 --> 00:28:28,820 concept but what we do in the United States because people are ingrained to 308 00:28:28,820 --> 00:28:34,700 fear failure it's almost like a stigma instead of being proud of failure look 309 00:28:34,700 --> 00:28:41,030 I've tried I should be proud of that what what can we do as a country to make 310 00:28:41,030 --> 00:28:45,640 a bigger impact and change that culture so people are happy to try and fail 311 00:28:45,640 --> 00:28:52,440 simple answer it's one word first some of you people and probably I won't 312 00:28:52,440 --> 00:28:57,840 embarrass you if your team or your coach ever said it but we get rookie teams of 313 00:28:57,840 --> 00:29:04,500 you of 80,000 schools in variably at least one team that's always it's a 314 00:29:04,500 --> 00:29:10,350 rookie will call after they get their kid from first and they'll say there's 315 00:29:10,350 --> 00:29:14,250 all sorts of neat stuff in that kit but we looked at all through the bottom it's 316 00:29:14,250 --> 00:29:19,860 missing what's it missing we didn't get the assembly instructions and I say to 317 00:29:19,860 --> 00:29:24,780 them here's the biggest thing about first there is no right answer there is 318 00:29:24,780 --> 00:29:31,500 no wrong answer the part that's not in the kid is your imagination we don't 319 00:29:31,500 --> 00:29:36,660 supply that you do and you just got to take that stuff we give you come up with 320 00:29:36,660 --> 00:29:41,429 what you think is a solution that's going to be more different than maybe 321 00:29:41,429 --> 00:29:45,929 more imagine maybe more creative than all the other people but when you get to 322 00:29:45,929 --> 00:29:49,530 the event you'll be astounded how different all these things look even 323 00:29:49,530 --> 00:29:55,050 though they started with the same stuff because the stuff is fixed imagination 324 00:29:55,050 --> 00:30:00,300 is unbounded and I tell all the kids again look when you go to this 325 00:30:00,300 --> 00:30:08,580 competition this year 80,000 there's going to be about 70 7997 robots that 326 00:30:08,580 --> 00:30:11,490 lose because there's only three robots on there 327 00:30:11,490 --> 00:30:17,970 you know winning Alliance right but if almost every robot loses but every kid 328 00:30:17,970 --> 00:30:24,030 comes out a winner we're set and and I think one of the strong repeated 329 00:30:24,030 --> 00:30:30,120 messages we give at first is there's nothing wrong with trying something new 330 00:30:30,120 --> 00:30:35,970 which probably will fail as long as you learn from it and move on in fact I'd 331 00:30:35,970 --> 00:30:41,820 say the major difference between a project-based learning and what you do 332 00:30:41,820 --> 00:30:45,690 in the classroom is in the classroom and it's great they give you a powerful 333 00:30:45,690 --> 00:30:49,470 shortcut to what is the right answer because if you had to start from the 334 00:30:49,470 --> 00:30:52,980 beginning like I mean we still call it Archimedes 335 00:30:52,980 --> 00:30:58,500 principle Archimedes died 2,000 years ago we it was true then it's true now 336 00:30:58,500 --> 00:31:02,909 what textbooks are fantastic at is organizing all the stuff that 337 00:31:02,909 --> 00:31:07,649 all the genius that came before us Galileo and Newton and Einstein we can 338 00:31:07,649 --> 00:31:12,029 learn from what their lifetime of effort was so we have their tools we don't have 339 00:31:12,029 --> 00:31:15,359 to start from scratch but once you have the tools what's the point of having 340 00:31:15,359 --> 00:31:21,720 tools if you don't build something and and so I believe that school is there to 341 00:31:21,720 --> 00:31:26,759 teach you how to not fail at the stuff other people spent their life first 342 00:31:26,759 --> 00:31:29,580 failing at and then showing us how here's the right answer 343 00:31:29,580 --> 00:31:34,049 here's Newton's laws don't think that things naturally come to rest they don't 344 00:31:34,049 --> 00:31:40,049 trust Newton but once once you've learned everything that other people can 345 00:31:40,049 --> 00:31:43,830 give you to avoid their failures you got to make your own failures to make 346 00:31:43,830 --> 00:31:50,489 progress going back to the diversity of your invention I don't want to 347 00:31:50,489 --> 00:31:54,869 shortchange that at all because it is quite unique and I think there's a 348 00:31:54,869 --> 00:31:59,220 powerful lesson in that you know it seems to me that when you first made the 349 00:31:59,220 --> 00:32:04,409 syringe you were not an expert at syringe making when you made the Segway 350 00:32:04,409 --> 00:32:14,609 I suspect you were not an expert at segways so but nevertheless despite that 351 00:32:14,609 --> 00:32:19,220 you're not afraid somehow and it seems like it's unique but it's a powerful 352 00:32:19,220 --> 00:32:24,229 lesson maybe you can talk a bit about that you're not afraid to adventure into 353 00:32:24,229 --> 00:32:29,789 areas where maybe you don't you don't have the background and the expertise 354 00:32:29,789 --> 00:32:33,929 you're still doing it in fact now you're working on human tissue and organs right 355 00:32:33,929 --> 00:32:40,710 okay so what's that about how what what what can we all learn from that I think 356 00:32:40,710 --> 00:32:48,299 one of the things we should all remember is sometimes expertise is your biggest 357 00:32:48,299 --> 00:32:52,559 problem because once you've learned how to do something a certain way and it 358 00:32:52,559 --> 00:32:55,470 sort of works you're very reluctant to change you 359 00:32:55,470 --> 00:33:00,989 might incremental improve it a little or a little or a little but where big 360 00:33:00,989 --> 00:33:05,580 breakthroughs come is when somebody that isn't biased by what the current 361 00:33:05,580 --> 00:33:10,529 methodology is starts from scratch because today we have so much better 362 00:33:10,529 --> 00:33:14,400 technology whether it's material science or motors or energy 363 00:33:14,400 --> 00:33:18,380 batteries err you name it like in the world of now we're trying to manufacture 364 00:33:18,380 --> 00:33:22,860 replacement human organs well if I went to a biology class if you went to a 365 00:33:22,860 --> 00:33:26,550 medical school you'd see the hood and the petri dish and people doing 366 00:33:26,550 --> 00:33:31,020 incremental work but if you've spent your life looking at factories that make 367 00:33:31,020 --> 00:33:35,370 four billion transistors at a time now on a single chip there's about four 368 00:33:35,370 --> 00:33:40,260 billion cells and a pancreas that you need if you have diabetes and your 369 00:33:40,260 --> 00:33:44,510 pancreas doesn't work why can't we make as many cells as we make little switches 370 00:33:44,510 --> 00:33:49,320 the mentality of the engineering world and the semiconductor industry is very 371 00:33:49,320 --> 00:33:53,610 different than the laboratories that haven't changed much in the way they 372 00:33:53,610 --> 00:33:58,380 look since Madame Curie was there so I my background is more physics and 373 00:33:58,380 --> 00:34:02,760 mathematics I've got about 800 engineers but but I like to look at every problem 374 00:34:02,760 --> 00:34:06,660 by going back to first principles like the water machine how does nature make 375 00:34:06,660 --> 00:34:11,520 water pure it boils it sends it into the clouds and they don't use filters and 376 00:34:11,520 --> 00:34:15,810 osmosis membranes I fly a lot I've been in those clouds I never saw osmosis 377 00:34:15,810 --> 00:34:21,240 membrane up there and and and and rainwater I said okay why can't we use 378 00:34:21,240 --> 00:34:25,260 the energy of the Sun to make pure water that was an issue of thermodynamics and 379 00:34:25,260 --> 00:34:30,600 physics not engineering I'm not a water treatment company we're not a company 380 00:34:30,600 --> 00:34:36,090 that does biological development but I think one of our big advantages we don't 381 00:34:36,090 --> 00:34:39,600 start with a bias that this is the way the world does it now how can we change 382 00:34:39,600 --> 00:34:43,860 a little we say given all the technology that's available today that might not 383 00:34:43,860 --> 00:34:47,760 have been available when people came up with what is now the state of the art 384 00:34:47,760 --> 00:34:54,390 how would you do it if you got to do it all over again and even first as you 385 00:34:54,390 --> 00:34:59,130 said I'm not only not an expert I have no background in education I'm not a 386 00:34:59,130 --> 00:35:05,220 teacher I love my teachers my mom's a teacher but but I said let's not assume 387 00:35:05,220 --> 00:35:09,990 that's the problem we know kids are passionate about certain things sports 388 00:35:09,990 --> 00:35:15,270 and entertainment how can we bring the passion of sports and entertainment to 389 00:35:15,270 --> 00:35:19,380 developing the muscle hanger between their ears oh well that's what first is 390 00:35:19,380 --> 00:35:25,110 I don't think first is an incremental change over a science fair I don't think 391 00:35:25,110 --> 00:35:28,880 the light bulb was incremental improvement over the candle 392 00:35:28,880 --> 00:35:33,470 I think candle makers made them better and better throughout their company's 393 00:35:33,470 --> 00:35:37,160 history or they'd go away but when somebody brought the world of 394 00:35:37,160 --> 00:35:44,540 electricity to light they didn't make an incremental improvement on the candle so 395 00:35:44,540 --> 00:35:48,620 I would tell you I not only go into different fields that we have no 396 00:35:48,620 --> 00:35:54,200 background in I like to go into a field where we had no background and instead 397 00:35:54,200 --> 00:35:57,890 of trying to incrementally fix the existing solutions I like to go back to 398 00:35:57,890 --> 00:36:02,090 what is the basic problem here whether it's getting kids to love math and 399 00:36:02,090 --> 00:36:06,050 science or giving people clean water well allowing a paraplegic to stand up 400 00:36:06,050 --> 00:36:12,380 to me it's go back to what is the basic problem and what's a new way to look at 401 00:36:12,380 --> 00:36:16,310 it typically companies take their own product and if you ask them what's the 402 00:36:16,310 --> 00:36:20,450 basic problem with my water filtering machine the filters don't last or that 403 00:36:20,450 --> 00:36:25,250 that they're not really addressing the fundamental problem they're addressing 404 00:36:25,250 --> 00:36:31,790 the problem that is associated with very typical solution and maybe there's 405 00:36:31,790 --> 00:36:35,510 typical basic solution is outdated you know what typewriter company would say a 406 00:36:35,510 --> 00:36:40,750 big improvement would be to use the ball once well a company that understands 407 00:36:40,750 --> 00:36:45,470 modern electronics would say I don't want any moving parts I'll make a text 408 00:36:45,470 --> 00:36:49,850 editor and I'll put it on the screen so you have to you know again the the 409 00:36:49,850 --> 00:36:53,630 electronic calculator is not an improvement on an adding machine and the 410 00:36:53,630 --> 00:36:58,760 adding machine companies wouldn't come up with a calculator so don't assume 411 00:36:58,760 --> 00:37:02,810 that because you don't have history with the problem you can't come up with a 412 00:37:02,810 --> 00:37:08,810 better solution it's still as Einstein said imagination is more important than 413 00:37:08,810 --> 00:37:14,510 knowledge and sometimes knowledge is what gives you boundary conditions get 414 00:37:14,510 --> 00:37:19,130 rid of those boundaries okay great so we're gonna start taking questions from 415 00:37:19,130 --> 00:37:22,820 the audience we have two microphones on the side you can line up on the left or 416 00:37:22,820 --> 00:37:29,270 the right and where is Elizabeth with her cube in case somebody wants cube to 417 00:37:29,270 --> 00:37:34,160 speak into she can bring it to you raise your hands while you guys get going and 418 00:37:34,160 --> 00:37:39,370 line up let me ask Dean more question but start going to the 419 00:37:39,370 --> 00:37:46,390 mics because we'll get going very quickly how important so you have over a 420 00:37:46,390 --> 00:37:50,350 hundred US patents and hundreds of international patents we even made a 421 00:37:50,350 --> 00:37:54,610 card for you so there's a Dean came in carded a trading card I think we all 422 00:37:54,610 --> 00:37:59,950 have it on your chairs how important is intellectual property protection when it 423 00:37:59,950 --> 00:38:05,410 comes to innovation it's not only important it's probably the most 424 00:38:05,410 --> 00:38:10,810 important and I have to tell you first of all I have to do a shout out I got to 425 00:38:10,810 --> 00:38:17,230 thank the examiners because I watched over the last decade or two people that 426 00:38:17,230 --> 00:38:20,950 don't understand the value of intellectual property and patents 427 00:38:20,950 --> 00:38:25,150 including a lot of our elected officials I testified at some of their hearings as 428 00:38:25,150 --> 00:38:29,470 they were doing patent reform and I realized whether you agree or disagree 429 00:38:29,470 --> 00:38:34,720 with a lot of political leaders they seem to know and understand most big 430 00:38:34,720 --> 00:38:40,390 issues you know whether it's taxes or defends you know they live with that 431 00:38:40,390 --> 00:38:45,730 stuff health care but when it comes to intellectual property most of them have 432 00:38:45,730 --> 00:38:49,630 never had to deal with it they don't even understand what a patent really 433 00:38:49,630 --> 00:38:55,570 means they think intellectual property somehow is like real property and I have 434 00:38:55,570 --> 00:39:03,700 to tell you and I so much misinformation has been put out about what patents are 435 00:39:03,700 --> 00:39:07,750 I've had Pat I've had senators and congressmen well aren't your patents you 436 00:39:07,750 --> 00:39:11,740 know you're gonna get royalties you're gonna make products more expensive sure 437 00:39:11,740 --> 00:39:16,480 I will you see I sit and I work on how can I make a product tomorrow that's not 438 00:39:16,480 --> 00:39:20,050 as good as the ones that are out there today that I will charge more money for 439 00:39:20,050 --> 00:39:25,210 I'm pretty sure the marketplace will take care of that problem so you say the 440 00:39:25,210 --> 00:39:28,660 people if you're going to invent something if you're gonna put time and 441 00:39:28,660 --> 00:39:31,860 effort and energy into and then spend a lot of money developing 442 00:39:31,860 --> 00:39:35,970 it it better be so much better than what's out there today that when you ask 443 00:39:35,970 --> 00:39:39,600 a big company to spend their money developing and putting it out there they 444 00:39:39,600 --> 00:39:42,810 not only can make a better product either a higher performance or lower 445 00:39:42,810 --> 00:39:46,620 cost because of your technology which you protected that they can do all of 446 00:39:46,620 --> 00:39:50,310 that and still give you a little royalty because if you can't make products 447 00:39:50,310 --> 00:39:54,660 better and in the end more cost effective whether you get a patent on or 448 00:39:54,660 --> 00:39:59,550 not it's it's useless but one after another I would realize that that people 449 00:39:59,550 --> 00:40:05,760 don't understand what a pad really represents again everybody what they 450 00:40:05,760 --> 00:40:10,380 were undermining the patent fundamental idea that you own your intellectual 451 00:40:10,380 --> 00:40:14,640 property and I was talking to smart people saying you know you have a deed 452 00:40:14,640 --> 00:40:19,950 to your house you got a deed by the way if you didn't own that lot when you go 453 00:40:19,950 --> 00:40:23,880 spend hundreds of thousands of dollars building a house if somebody could come 454 00:40:23,880 --> 00:40:28,830 buys up yeah we checked we don't think your deeds any good we're taken away you 455 00:40:28,830 --> 00:40:33,510 couldn't have an organized society unless you had certainty about what that 456 00:40:33,510 --> 00:40:38,730 deed represents ownership but realistically first of all who gave you 457 00:40:38,730 --> 00:40:42,540 who gave man the right to say I own this property was here before us 458 00:40:42,540 --> 00:40:46,200 there were people on this continent before we had a country why do we have 459 00:40:46,200 --> 00:40:50,970 the right to say they'd be on something besides even having a deed I would 460 00:40:50,970 --> 00:40:57,180 explain to them your real property that doesn't create wealth you have a deed he 461 00:40:57,180 --> 00:41:01,200 has some money you give him the deed he gives you the money there's no more 462 00:41:01,200 --> 00:41:04,830 wealth in the world it was just a transaction there was one piece of 463 00:41:04,830 --> 00:41:08,490 property and a pile of money before that transaction is now one piece of property 464 00:41:08,490 --> 00:41:13,980 and a pile of money nothing new was created now you say I know how to cure 465 00:41:13,980 --> 00:41:17,850 cancer I've written it down I put I spent my life doing it it's a new idea 466 00:41:17,850 --> 00:41:23,040 it didn't exist before and he says I have a way to build a clean engine that 467 00:41:23,040 --> 00:41:28,020 doesn't pollute he knows how to do that and he protected it you each have a good 468 00:41:28,020 --> 00:41:33,360 idea now you each agree to exchange those good ideas and now each of you has 469 00:41:33,360 --> 00:41:38,640 two ideas in a world where humans have the capacity to solve problems by 470 00:41:38,640 --> 00:41:42,430 creating new ideas the more smart people we have 471 00:41:42,430 --> 00:41:45,730 the faster the world's going to have more wealth in it because everybody's 472 00:41:45,730 --> 00:41:49,720 creating new ideas it's not a zero-sum game they share their ideas with each 473 00:41:49,720 --> 00:41:55,240 other and now five people have each five new ideas five solutions to human 474 00:41:55,240 --> 00:41:59,200 problems that's great if we have just the world of not 475 00:41:59,200 --> 00:42:03,190 intellectual property that we could protect in value but physical property 476 00:42:03,190 --> 00:42:06,730 well every time there's another person alive there's a little less physical 477 00:42:06,730 --> 00:42:13,720 property for each of us to share so real property is a zero-sum game and worse 478 00:42:13,720 --> 00:42:19,000 we're using up the oil we're filling up the land but intellectual property is 479 00:42:19,000 --> 00:42:25,119 unbounded the more smart people we have creating more good ideas the more wealth 480 00:42:25,119 --> 00:42:29,920 we'll be in the world if you can protect them so that you can share them nobody's 481 00:42:29,920 --> 00:42:34,210 going to build their house unless they trusted the system by which their deed 482 00:42:34,210 --> 00:42:39,160 says they own that nobody is going to invest in anything unless there's 483 00:42:39,160 --> 00:42:44,200 certainty about it and unless we make sure that the general public understands 484 00:42:44,200 --> 00:42:47,890 the importance of the United States Patent Office it's the only place I know 485 00:42:47,890 --> 00:42:54,400 that helps you create wealth they create intellectual property I mean come on 486 00:42:54,400 --> 00:42:58,869 people every other piece of government we need them but you know they tack tax 487 00:42:58,869 --> 00:43:03,119 you they take away your money they spend your money they move your money around 488 00:43:03,119 --> 00:43:08,619 fine me to do all of that but they better have an engine that allows you to 489 00:43:08,619 --> 00:43:12,130 create the money in the first place to create the solutions to problems in the 490 00:43:12,130 --> 00:43:16,240 first place they better have some peasley government that incentivizes you 491 00:43:16,240 --> 00:43:21,940 to take risks I mean it was I think it was it was a President Lincoln that said 492 00:43:21,940 --> 00:43:30,579 that the Patent Office adds the fuel the fuel of interest to the fire of genius 493 00:43:30,579 --> 00:43:36,309 you have to add fuel to people to ask them to risk their time and their energy 494 00:43:36,309 --> 00:43:40,420 and their money and failing their reputation you have to give people a 495 00:43:40,420 --> 00:43:44,319 reason to believe that once I've spent my whole life creating this thing you 496 00:43:44,319 --> 00:43:47,849 can't just take it away and that's what the Patent Office does 497 00:43:47,849 --> 00:43:51,970 great thank you for that and the examiners here doing this work day in 498 00:43:51,970 --> 00:43:55,190 and day out sure really appreciate that there really is a 499 00:43:55,190 --> 00:44:00,230 sense of mission here the PTO as a result of those principles okay let's go 500 00:44:00,230 --> 00:44:05,630 to a question ma'am good morning to you as a mentor my kids are the ones who 501 00:44:05,630 --> 00:44:10,390 brought me to first what I'd like to know is who was the most inference 502 00:44:10,390 --> 00:44:15,680 influential person that assisted you in creating and finding those meeting those 503 00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:22,339 goals that you set for yourself so you might be surprised by this because I'd 504 00:44:22,339 --> 00:44:30,829 say my dad but my dad anybody knows my history was an artist a cartoonist now 505 00:44:30,829 --> 00:44:37,400 he did a lot of science fiction type cartoons in the early days but the 506 00:44:37,400 --> 00:44:44,720 reason I and by the way he created our logo for us my mom a teacher also helped 507 00:44:44,720 --> 00:44:48,950 me get first going but the reason I'd say it's my dad as he was a 508 00:44:48,950 --> 00:44:53,569 self-employed guy that created things I'm whole cloth we start out in the 509 00:44:53,569 --> 00:44:57,829 morning with that brush and the canvas and at the end of the day he created 510 00:44:57,829 --> 00:45:01,790 something and it had to be good enough that people would pay him for it 511 00:45:01,790 --> 00:45:09,890 otherwise he couldn't feed his family so in a weird way he was my role model he's 512 00:45:09,890 --> 00:45:17,780 a guy that worked at creating things he essentially was independent he never 513 00:45:17,780 --> 00:45:22,670 worked for a big company and I grew up watching him do something he loved and 514 00:45:22,670 --> 00:45:27,980 he did it every day and the only advice my father ever gave me as a kid was make 515 00:45:27,980 --> 00:45:32,780 sure you find something that you love to do that you can get so good at doing it 516 00:45:32,780 --> 00:45:37,069 that you can make a living at it and you'll be living your dream your hobby 517 00:45:37,069 --> 00:45:43,549 and your work will be the same thing when I went out to start first both my 518 00:45:43,549 --> 00:45:49,119 mom and dad as most people would say you're gonna do what you're gonna make a 519 00:45:49,119 --> 00:45:53,359 sport out of engineer you're gonna make it more exciting than football and 520 00:45:53,359 --> 00:45:58,040 basketball oh yeah I am and unlike those other sports I can appeal to kids that 521 00:45:58,040 --> 00:46:02,839 aren't gonna be seven feet tall or aren't gonna be 300 pounds and it 522 00:46:02,839 --> 00:46:06,809 doesn't matter boys girls I will make the only ultimate sport 523 00:46:06,809 --> 00:46:13,829 in which all kids can be on a varsity team and by the way it's the only sport 524 00:46:13,829 --> 00:46:18,390 where every kid can turn pro there aren't millions of jobs out there in the 525 00:46:18,390 --> 00:46:24,059 NBA the NFL or in Hollywood but every company I know every tech 526 00:46:24,059 --> 00:46:29,009 company I know is desperately looking for more smart people and and these 527 00:46:29,009 --> 00:46:33,919 people around that say Oh technology is going to eliminate jobs 528 00:46:33,919 --> 00:46:40,769 where's their head buried everybody I know is looking to do more technology 529 00:46:40,769 --> 00:46:44,549 and yes we're gonna create robots that eliminate some jobs it will eliminate 530 00:46:44,549 --> 00:46:49,709 the boring mindless back-breaking dangerous jobs it will create new 531 00:46:49,709 --> 00:46:53,669 exciting opportunities and careers to give the world more and better 532 00:46:53,669 --> 00:46:59,549 technology but trust me nobody's gonna slow down the pace of technology so 533 00:46:59,549 --> 00:47:02,699 whether they win that debate or not because people don't understand that 534 00:47:02,699 --> 00:47:07,319 technology does not eliminate jobs whether they continue to have that silly 535 00:47:07,319 --> 00:47:10,709 debate or not one thing you ought to know nobody's gonna slow down the pace 536 00:47:10,709 --> 00:47:15,029 of technology so you have a choice you can be on that bus or you can be under 537 00:47:15,029 --> 00:47:23,059 it that's your only choice all right we'll alternate but he was there first I 538 00:47:23,059 --> 00:47:31,249 okay there we go do you um in your like and your company do you make the 539 00:47:31,249 --> 00:47:35,999 products that the inventions that you come up with yourself or do you allied 540 00:47:35,999 --> 00:47:40,499 with other companies to create them I love that question I wish you were in 541 00:47:40,499 --> 00:47:42,980 the Senate and the Congress when they were 542 00:47:42,980 --> 00:47:48,230 when they were defining something back then that they called patent trolls now 543 00:47:48,230 --> 00:47:53,900 I have to tell you anything that has value to it anything has value bad 544 00:47:53,900 --> 00:47:57,619 people will try to take advantage of it you know people counterfeit money 545 00:47:57,619 --> 00:48:02,270 because money is valuable and there are people that have tried to abuse the 546 00:48:02,270 --> 00:48:08,750 patent system and they should be stopped but we do not stop people from taking 547 00:48:08,750 --> 00:48:12,020 advantage of counterfeiting money by closing the Treasury and say no we just 548 00:48:12,020 --> 00:48:16,040 won't have money anymore that'll stop those guys I would be nuts well they 549 00:48:16,040 --> 00:48:21,740 sort of tried to do that with patents and I was introduced at one of those 550 00:48:21,740 --> 00:48:25,400 hearings and somebody said well mr. Kamin these patent trolls never make 551 00:48:25,400 --> 00:48:30,799 their products all they do is get a patent and then prevent other people and 552 00:48:30,799 --> 00:48:36,559 we call them trolls so I was introduced at that meeting and I said hi I'm a 553 00:48:36,559 --> 00:48:41,900 troll and everybody kind of laughed and I said you need to understand I spent 554 00:48:41,900 --> 00:48:47,119 the first ten years of my life not only designing and developing things but then 555 00:48:47,119 --> 00:48:50,329 putting them in production and then figure out how to get them out there and 556 00:48:50,329 --> 00:48:54,020 get him to global markets and hiring people in different continents to 557 00:48:54,020 --> 00:48:57,650 represent my products and if you only have a small number of products that's 558 00:48:57,650 --> 00:49:02,780 very expensive it takes time it's gonna take longer for people that desperately 559 00:49:02,780 --> 00:49:06,290 need your medical solutions to get it it's gonna cost them more because you're 560 00:49:06,290 --> 00:49:12,079 a small company so I said to all these folks now I've realized that by teaming 561 00:49:12,079 --> 00:49:15,680 up with big companies that are really good at global reach really good at 562 00:49:15,680 --> 00:49:19,460 high-volume manufacturing really good at supporting products we can make it a 563 00:49:19,460 --> 00:49:23,930 win-win-win I can get better and better at doing what I like to do up front 564 00:49:23,930 --> 00:49:27,680 conceive the idea developed the idea build the prototype maybe build enough 565 00:49:27,680 --> 00:49:32,180 of them to get through a clinical trial but then hand it over to these big guys 566 00:49:32,180 --> 00:49:35,599 because they could scale it more quickly and get them to the people they need it 567 00:49:35,599 --> 00:49:40,160 more effectively so I win I do what I do well and get better at it with my group 568 00:49:40,160 --> 00:49:43,849 of now eight hundred people the big companies do well because they're very 569 00:49:43,849 --> 00:49:48,829 good at some things but innovation maybe not so much they're tied to a model as I 570 00:49:48,829 --> 00:49:54,380 said before and the third win is the public so a long answer to your question 571 00:49:54,380 --> 00:49:58,430 is we always make this stuff because if you can't make it how 572 00:49:58,430 --> 00:50:01,519 do you know it really worked and how do you make improvements and how do you 573 00:50:01,519 --> 00:50:04,910 show people that are skeptical about yeah I can make a balancing thing to 574 00:50:04,910 --> 00:50:09,349 take a disabled person up the stairs or I can make stuff that's toxic stuff and 575 00:50:09,349 --> 00:50:12,980 you drink it so yes we build everything that's why I have eight hundred and 576 00:50:12,980 --> 00:50:17,809 engineers but I specifically work hard at finding the most efficient way to get 577 00:50:17,809 --> 00:50:22,670 my stuff to the people that need it and again the only reason I can do it that 578 00:50:22,670 --> 00:50:27,680 way is because when I walk into some big company with something that works the 579 00:50:27,680 --> 00:50:32,569 most valuable thing I slide across the table is I have a patent if I'm gonna 580 00:50:32,569 --> 00:50:36,799 ask you to invest hundreds of millions of dollars to build a factory and make 581 00:50:36,799 --> 00:50:40,760 these you got to know that if you spend all your money doing this somebody else 582 00:50:40,760 --> 00:50:46,789 can't take it away from you so yes we build everything after we get a patent 583 00:50:46,789 --> 00:50:51,410 we then take it to big companies and ask them to help give it to the world in the 584 00:50:51,410 --> 00:50:58,460 most efficient way possible great muster Paul thank you so much for 585 00:50:58,460 --> 00:51:02,450 bringing first which is such a wonderful holistic program that has pretty much 586 00:51:02,450 --> 00:51:08,119 changed the lives of so many kids around the world thank you so much and I'm a 587 00:51:08,119 --> 00:51:13,519 proud FLL mom I'm a proud FLL coach and I'm my son you know from kindergarten 588 00:51:13,519 --> 00:51:18,230 now he's in college he's been through the FLL journey in FTC and now my 589 00:51:18,230 --> 00:51:23,180 daughter was in elementary school is part of FLL and this brings me so much 590 00:51:23,180 --> 00:51:28,730 joy to see here and meet with you today and throughout my coaching years would 591 00:51:28,730 --> 00:51:33,680 have seen this FLL is such a holistic program it's not just about robotics 592 00:51:33,680 --> 00:51:39,380 it's about teaching kids how to research it's about teaching kids what core 593 00:51:39,380 --> 00:51:44,180 values are and these are lifetime skills as our director alluded to you're 594 00:51:44,180 --> 00:51:49,069 teaching the kids and equipping them how to research so they can go and research 595 00:51:49,069 --> 00:51:52,940 on pretty much any field that they want to and you're teaching them how to 596 00:51:52,940 --> 00:51:56,539 respect each other and how to be gracious professionals and that's pretty 597 00:51:56,539 --> 00:52:01,369 much the foundation of FLL so I was always curious and I wanted to find out 598 00:52:01,369 --> 00:52:06,410 why is the fellow not part of the main school curriculum why is why is first 599 00:52:06,410 --> 00:52:09,470 not being part of elementary school so thousands 600 00:52:09,470 --> 00:52:15,980 kids can take advantage of this program so I am working really hard to make sure 601 00:52:15,980 --> 00:52:21,380 first is available to every kid in every school in this country and I spent every 602 00:52:21,380 --> 00:52:26,450 minute of my waking hours that I'm not at my day job which mostly is an 603 00:52:26,450 --> 00:52:30,710 organization that helps me fund my fantasies like getting clean water to 604 00:52:30,710 --> 00:52:35,180 the world or getting every kid to have the option to be involved in first I'm 605 00:52:35,180 --> 00:52:39,500 working at it but I need this army of supporters that we have I'm hoping that 606 00:52:39,500 --> 00:52:45,589 the United States Patent Office with all of its people that that desperately 607 00:52:45,589 --> 00:52:51,640 desperately need the next generation of inventors and who I believe share our 608 00:52:51,640 --> 00:52:57,920 conviction that that innovation is critical to an improved future but I 609 00:52:57,920 --> 00:53:02,420 love the fact that you said it's not just about robots I love the fact you 610 00:53:02,420 --> 00:53:06,470 said it's about self-respect everything you just said I have one more little 611 00:53:06,470 --> 00:53:13,910 video that you need to see because and as a little bit it looked as Elizabeth 612 00:53:13,910 --> 00:53:19,369 said when she opened this thing up it's not just the u.s. its global so a couple 613 00:53:19,369 --> 00:53:23,900 of years ago even though we had never tried to go in a national at the 614 00:53:23,900 --> 00:53:29,030 championship where I had 50,000 people at the Ostrom we had 81 different 615 00:53:29,030 --> 00:53:33,260 countries had at least one team there but people said to me that's not good 616 00:53:33,260 --> 00:53:38,030 enough team we need to officially make it like the Olympics we want every 617 00:53:38,030 --> 00:53:43,130 country in the world to send a team so I started a second little not-for-profit 618 00:53:43,130 --> 00:53:48,069 only a couple of years ago called first global and I put a little video together 619 00:53:48,069 --> 00:53:52,790 to send to all the people we knew around the world whether it's government 620 00:53:52,790 --> 00:53:59,150 leaders industry leaders university leaders parents to get them to each join 621 00:53:59,150 --> 00:54:04,329 first global so that we would start first teams all over the world now I 622 00:54:04,329 --> 00:54:08,930 realized that if I send something out to different cultures in different places 623 00:54:08,930 --> 00:54:13,010 around the world unless you're a geek unless you are 624 00:54:13,010 --> 00:54:17,420 already an engineer or math but you'd be intimidated because our culture somehow 625 00:54:17,420 --> 00:54:21,710 makes kids do you're all gonna be great at football or baseball ISM but no no 626 00:54:21,710 --> 00:54:24,250 man it's it's hard and it's not beautiful 627 00:54:24,250 --> 00:54:30,790 it's not fun so I realized I needed a piece that made it clear to everybody 628 00:54:30,790 --> 00:54:36,520 that it's about all the things you said it's not about robots I went to New York 629 00:54:36,520 --> 00:54:41,950 and I went to a guy that's famous for doing powerful image presentation of big 630 00:54:41,950 --> 00:54:45,880 ideas the famous ads like Apple does and I 631 00:54:45,880 --> 00:54:49,240 spent 90 minutes saying to them it's not a matter of much trying to steady their 632 00:54:49,240 --> 00:54:53,650 robots it's about saying it's I gave him your speech he said I need in two 633 00:54:53,650 --> 00:54:58,300 minutes or less to show the world why they gotta be mom not what first is but 634 00:54:58,300 --> 00:55:03,970 why first is and the guy puts down his pen and he says baby I've done stuff for 635 00:55:03,970 --> 00:55:09,490 you for years but telling people why is way harder than telling him what and by 636 00:55:09,490 --> 00:55:11,920 the way didn't you keep saying he was reading his nose you keep saying it's 637 00:55:11,920 --> 00:55:14,770 not about robot sorry I go to every one of your events in New York it's all 638 00:55:14,770 --> 00:55:20,890 about robots time I'll get you some of those famous voices from Hollywood to 639 00:55:20,890 --> 00:55:25,540 help us I was getting desperate he puts down his pen he said and I I know what 640 00:55:25,540 --> 00:55:30,670 you need and I don't need a big booming famous voice I need a seven-year-old 641 00:55:30,670 --> 00:55:36,220 girl and he made a two-minute video for me to tell the world why every serious 642 00:55:36,220 --> 00:55:42,010 parent political leader corporately their leader of the United States Patent 643 00:55:42,010 --> 00:55:46,900 and Trademark Office or to be involved and by the way thanks for the trademark 644 00:55:46,900 --> 00:55:51,250 side too because first is something we're protecting that brand and that 645 00:55:51,250 --> 00:55:57,010 name but he made a two-minute video and if you want to know how well it worked a 646 00:55:57,010 --> 00:56:01,870 few months ago in the middle of the Middle East a part of the world known 647 00:56:01,870 --> 00:56:08,380 for its people don't get along well we had a first global challenge a hundred 648 00:56:08,380 --> 00:56:14,380 and ninety-one country sent teams there every country in the Middle East had a 649 00:56:14,380 --> 00:56:19,720 team every country from Africa had a team and it was a celebration that you 650 00:56:19,720 --> 00:56:24,940 just couldn't believe but look at this two-minute video and you'll see what I'm 651 00:56:24,940 --> 00:56:35,510 trying to get into every school in the United States and why 652 00:56:35,510 --> 00:56:47,550 this isn't a robot it very well may have hydraulic arms a drivetrain and a 653 00:56:47,550 --> 00:56:56,460 circuit board but this isn't a robot this is a lesson in humility hard work 654 00:56:56,460 --> 00:57:00,440 and collaboration 655 00:57:02,160 --> 00:57:08,290 this is a CrossFit workout for the muscle upstairs 656 00:57:08,290 --> 00:57:16,720 this is an apple for the next generation of Newton's it's a lot of things but 657 00:57:16,720 --> 00:57:22,930 this isn't a robot this is a road map that leads straight to engineering this 658 00:57:22,930 --> 00:57:28,180 is a rock to shatter a thousand and glass ceilings a rope to pull a 659 00:57:28,180 --> 00:57:33,970 generation up and out of poverty a sledgehammer to break down cultural 660 00:57:33,970 --> 00:57:42,400 barriers and a universal language spoken in every nation on earth and because of 661 00:57:42,400 --> 00:57:49,840 that this is a compass that can help point the way to peace but please don't 662 00:57:49,840 --> 00:57:55,780 think this is just a robot this is Glastonbury for technology this 663 00:57:55,780 --> 00:58:01,150 is Mission Control for the next moonshot this is the rosetta stone to help 664 00:58:01,150 --> 00:58:06,880 translate the future this is the sport that will help us win tomorrow this is 665 00:58:06,880 --> 00:58:12,280 the software to program ourselves to cure cancer build a clean engine or step 666 00:58:12,280 --> 00:58:18,880 foot on Mars but this isn't a robot it's a machine to build the people who will 667 00:58:18,880 --> 00:58:21,660 change the world 668 00:58:26,790 --> 00:58:30,060 thank you 669 00:58:34,769 --> 00:58:38,829 alright that's so we have time for one more question and then we have to wrap 670 00:58:38,829 --> 00:58:44,319 it up so that's okay up to you that was gracious professional as a right in 671 00:58:44,319 --> 00:58:51,069 there I'm glad you think so that became it doctor came in how long did it take 672 00:58:51,069 --> 00:58:59,710 for you to develop your first patented invention forever it least it seems that 673 00:58:59,710 --> 00:59:05,650 way who when during those dark moments and things aren't working but I worked 674 00:59:05,650 --> 00:59:11,619 on well the first I think the first patent I have they can put one more 675 00:59:11,619 --> 00:59:16,510 slide up you'll see the lobby of my building in New Hampshire when you come 676 00:59:16,510 --> 00:59:20,230 into my building there's a lobby it's smaller than this room but the back wall 677 00:59:20,230 --> 00:59:27,880 of it is under the DECA sign it just has the patent drawings of many there it is 678 00:59:27,880 --> 00:59:31,900 and if they zoom in in the upper corner on that thing I don't think they can do 679 00:59:31,900 --> 00:59:37,390 that here it's the infusion pump that I made for my brother had a number three 680 00:59:37,390 --> 00:59:44,799 eight five eight five eight one and it's in this building as well I worked on 681 00:59:44,799 --> 00:59:50,950 that for probably a year and a half before I had one that I would trust to 682 00:59:50,950 --> 00:59:56,200 deliver drugs to a baby we got the patent on it just before we showed it to 683 00:59:56,200 --> 01:00:01,769 the world I had learned that if ya if you mess up and shopes 684 01:00:01,769 --> 01:00:06,460 something before you patent it you can't patent it anymore so that took probably 685 01:00:06,460 --> 01:00:10,779 a year and a half I've got some projects that we've been working on for five 686 01:00:10,779 --> 01:00:15,549 years that still aren't public yet that was still investing in that we're still 687 01:00:15,549 --> 01:00:20,470 making inventions for and we're filing patents we have now more in the no 688 01:00:20,470 --> 01:00:26,069 little group has something like 14 full-time patent patent agents 689 01:00:26,069 --> 01:00:31,930 paralegals patent attorneys and and we have thousands of patents because again 690 01:00:31,930 --> 01:00:37,690 my whole business what keeps my lights on what pays my 800 people is the value 691 01:00:37,690 --> 01:00:43,180 we create by being able to give these protected ideas to our partners so I'd 692 01:00:43,180 --> 01:00:48,339 say on average it's a couple of years well thank you okay we could keep on 693 01:00:48,339 --> 01:00:54,339 but let me close with one final question about the future so looking forward 694 01:00:54,339 --> 01:01:04,539 let's say to 2050 or maybe 2100 what will the world of human technology look 695 01:01:04,539 --> 01:01:08,440 like if you can summarize your vision in just a few sentences and are you 696 01:01:08,440 --> 01:01:15,700 optimistic I'm extremely optimistic I think it's funny that you say optimistic 697 01:01:15,700 --> 01:01:19,450 there are two kinds of people in the world the pessimists that love to look 698 01:01:19,450 --> 01:01:24,819 backwards and remember with rose-colored glasses what they used to think was 699 01:01:24,819 --> 01:01:31,569 great in a world where most diseases couldn't be treated most people didn't 700 01:01:31,569 --> 01:01:35,680 take for granted that they have every fact that they want carrying around with 701 01:01:35,680 --> 01:01:40,390 them in real time instant I mean all the pessimists I know that are always 702 01:01:40,390 --> 01:01:44,440 telling me why there'll be no jobs and there's tallit none of them would really 703 01:01:44,440 --> 01:01:49,930 want to go back to the way life was so I think pessimists are always looking 704 01:01:49,930 --> 01:01:56,739 backward naively with a partial memory optimists are always looking forward and 705 01:01:56,739 --> 01:02:02,289 yes there are a lot of problems but to an optimist or to the pessimist you know 706 01:02:02,289 --> 01:02:08,079 every one of these things is a problem to an optimist every problem is an 707 01:02:08,079 --> 01:02:13,690 opportunity and and I think at an accelerating pace whether it's 708 01:02:13,690 --> 01:02:19,630 artificial intelligence whether it's machine learning and machine vision the 709 01:02:19,630 --> 01:02:25,779 ability of humans to get better at solving bigger problems and making more 710 01:02:25,779 --> 01:02:30,549 solutions more available to a world which will have billions of people is 711 01:02:30,549 --> 01:02:38,529 going to accelerate the pace of progress my biggest concern is that we will not 712 01:02:38,529 --> 01:02:44,799 as a country be in the leading role of creating those solutions and I'm not 713 01:02:44,799 --> 01:02:49,719 naive I think there are bad people in the world there are people that will 714 01:02:49,719 --> 01:02:56,289 take powerful technologies and use it as a weapon against other people whether 715 01:02:56,289 --> 01:03:00,819 it's a military weapon or an economic weapon or a social weapon and then there 716 01:03:00,819 --> 01:03:04,120 were people that will use advanced technologies as a 717 01:03:04,120 --> 01:03:10,060 tool as and I think first is creating the people that not only will have those 718 01:03:10,060 --> 01:03:15,750 tools but they based on their relationship with mentors and moms and 719 01:03:15,750 --> 01:03:21,490 they will not only have the technology tools to create a better future they'll 720 01:03:21,490 --> 01:03:25,570 have the vision in the courage to do it in the right way 721 01:03:25,570 --> 01:03:34,300 so I think in 2050 the the number of problems that scare us today fear of a 722 01:03:34,300 --> 01:03:39,760 cancer fear of running out of clean water or clean air I think the things 723 01:03:39,760 --> 01:03:45,220 that we all are worried about today will be solved it's the things we're not yet 724 01:03:45,220 --> 01:03:49,510 worried about that we're not even smart enough to know about that will be the 725 01:03:49,510 --> 01:03:55,510 problems that are facing kids in an even more sophisticated environment in 2050 726 01:03:55,510 --> 01:04:01,060 so those kids better have an even more sophisticated capacity to embrace 727 01:04:01,060 --> 01:04:06,310 technology to be comfortable with change to be comfortable with failure and to 728 01:04:06,310 --> 01:04:13,330 move on in a cooperation that's global and and I believe first by 2050 we'll be 729 01:04:13,330 --> 01:04:17,490 intrinsically part of the culture of this country and I hope of the world and 730 01:04:17,490 --> 01:04:22,780 it's gonna make life more exciting I fully agree with you it's critically 731 01:04:22,780 --> 01:04:26,800 important for the United States that we expand innovation and the opportunities 732 01:04:26,800 --> 01:04:32,740 to invent and to come up with new things demographically geographically across 733 01:04:32,740 --> 01:04:38,380 the country for so many reasons and it's hard to think about somebody in the 734 01:04:38,380 --> 01:04:44,320 United States who is doing more work to make that happen than our guest Dean 735 01:04:44,320 --> 01:04:47,050 Kamen thank you very very much Dean for being 736 01:04:47,050 --> 01:04:50,640 here it's truly an inspiration. Thank you!