1
00:00:01,850 --> 00:00:03,270
Good morning everyone.

2
00:00:03,270 --> 00:00:07,939
My name is Wynn Coggins and I am the deputy
chief administrative officer for the USPTO.

3
00:00:07,939 --> 00:00:13,230
I want to welcome everyone both here in person
and those joining us online to what is our

4
00:00:13,230 --> 00:00:17,440
third installment of the USPTO speaker series.

5
00:00:17,440 --> 00:00:20,310
Today's event is very special.

6
00:00:20,310 --> 00:00:26,470
It features an inspiring individual, Dr. Temple
Grandin, she simply has an extraordinary story

7
00:00:26,470 --> 00:00:27,800
story to tell.

8
00:00:27,800 --> 00:00:31,390
We look forward to hearing from her in a few
minutes.

9
00:00:31,390 --> 00:00:36,440
At this time, if you wouldn't mind, placing
your devices on silent.

10
00:00:36,440 --> 00:00:39,100
That may not be the baby.

11
00:00:39,100 --> 00:00:44,929
[laughter] And it is now my great pleasure
to make a special introduction.

12
00:00:44,929 --> 00:00:49,960
He is an extraordinary leader who is making
a tremendous impact on intellectual property

13
00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:50,960
community.

14
00:00:50,960 --> 00:00:56,350
And is passionate about sharing inventor stories
and how their inventions are simply changing

15
00:00:56,350 --> 00:00:57,460
the world.

16
00:00:57,460 --> 00:01:04,570
Today's speaker series event and the speaker
series itself would not have been made possible

17
00:01:04,570 --> 00:01:10,240
without the passion he has for innovation
and the passion he has for all that we do

18
00:01:10,240 --> 00:01:12,939
collectively here at the USPTO.

19
00:01:12,939 --> 00:01:17,659
Please join me in giving a warm welcome to
the under secretary of commerce of intellectual

20
00:01:17,659 --> 00:01:23,680
property and the director of United States
patent and trademark office.

21
00:01:23,680 --> 00:01:26,260
[Applause]

22
00:01:26,260 --> 00:01:32,929
Thank you and welcome everybody.

23
00:01:32,929 --> 00:01:34,530
Great to see everyone here.

24
00:01:34,530 --> 00:01:38,610
This is indeed the third such event.

25
00:01:38,610 --> 00:01:39,630
And it is the largest.

26
00:01:39,630 --> 00:01:41,860
So good to see so many of you out here.

27
00:01:41,860 --> 00:01:48,609
Both PTO employees as well as people from
the outside.

28
00:01:48,609 --> 00:01:55,189
In addition to what you see here in the room,
I know we have hundreds of folks watching

29
00:01:55,189 --> 00:01:58,789
and listening online.

30
00:01:58,789 --> 00:02:00,869
That is fantastic to see.

31
00:02:00,869 --> 00:02:07,509
By the way, I think the baby was crying because
they knew I was going to speak next.

32
00:02:07,509 --> 00:02:10,420
It's good only the babies are crying so far.

33
00:02:10,420 --> 00:02:14,030
We will try to keep it that way.

34
00:02:14,030 --> 00:02:17,890
Let's get right to it.

35
00:02:17,890 --> 00:02:25,420
Obviously aside from our main job which is
to protect intellectual property rights, I

36
00:02:25,420 --> 00:02:33,400
believe one of the most important things we
do here at the USPTO is to tell the life-changing

37
00:02:33,400 --> 00:02:42,280
history altering and inspiring stories of
American innovation, invention and entrepreneurship.

38
00:02:42,280 --> 00:02:47,650
Joining us today to shore -- share a remarkable
piece of that national narrative is Dr. Temple

39
00:02:47,650 --> 00:02:50,710
Grandin.

40
00:02:50,710 --> 00:03:00,130
[Applause] Dr. Grandin is a professor of animal
science at

41
00:03:00,130 --> 00:03:01,980
the state university.

42
00:03:01,980 --> 00:03:08,480
And a true pioneer in the field of improving
the handling and welfare of farm animals.

43
00:03:08,480 --> 00:03:13,330
She earned her bachelor's degree at Franklin
Pierce College and went on to earn a Masters

44
00:03:13,330 --> 00:03:17,390
of science in animal science at the Arizona
State University.

45
00:03:17,390 --> 00:03:21,700
And later a PhD in animal science from the
University of Illinois.

46
00:03:21,700 --> 00:03:26,740
In addition to speaking and consulting around
the nation and abroad she has written hundreds

47
00:03:26,740 --> 00:03:30,230
of publications, journal articles, and several
books.

48
00:03:30,230 --> 00:03:34,870
I actually brought my books with me here today.

49
00:03:34,870 --> 00:03:44,370
And in fact you can join Dr. Grandin for a
book signing of her book, calling all minds

50
00:03:44,370 --> 00:03:49,390
how to think and create like an adventure,
right upstairs at the national inventors Hall

51
00:03:49,390 --> 00:03:52,900
of Fame.

52
00:03:52,900 --> 00:03:57,790
Doctor Grandin will be there after the event
between 1 PM and 2 PM today.

53
00:03:57,790 --> 00:03:59,700
Please join her.

54
00:03:59,700 --> 00:04:06,850
Dr. Grandin overcame many obstacles on her
way to incredible success in her career.

55
00:04:06,850 --> 00:04:12,290
She has also written and spoken extensively,
in addition to invention, innovation and science,

56
00:04:12,290 --> 00:04:20,590
she has with -- has written extensively on
autism, the thinking brain, and others.

57
00:04:20,590 --> 00:04:27,190
She has done extensive work in designing facilities
for handling life stock . She received a patent

58
00:04:27,190 --> 00:04:31,200
on her system for humanely preparing animals
for slaughter.

59
00:04:31,200 --> 00:04:38,470
Using techniques for stunning and for that
and other work the USPTO created an inventor

60
00:04:38,470 --> 00:04:40,670
card for.

61
00:04:40,670 --> 00:04:41,830
I have props.

62
00:04:41,830 --> 00:04:45,630
This is great.

63
00:04:45,630 --> 00:04:47,130
These are hers.

64
00:04:47,130 --> 00:04:50,990
They were unveiled I think a year or two ago.

65
00:04:50,990 --> 00:04:56,501
This morning she told me she regrets not filing
for a patent on one of her important other

66
00:04:56,501 --> 00:05:03,470
improvements on farm equipment that she designed
in which nowadays roughly half the cattle

67
00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:08,290
in the U.S. and Canada are handled effectively
and humanely.

68
00:05:08,290 --> 00:05:12,410
I am sure you will hear much more about that
in her talk in a minute.

69
00:05:12,410 --> 00:05:20,220
And if that was not enough , she was also
the subject of an award-winning 2010 HBO biographical

70
00:05:20,220 --> 00:05:27,490
drama starring Claire Danes which illuminates
Dr. Grandin's fascinating story how autism

71
00:05:27,490 --> 00:05:32,430
can provide unique and beneficial ways of
viewing problems rather than a hindrance it

72
00:05:32,430 --> 00:05:35,960
is so often considering -- considered to be.

73
00:05:35,960 --> 00:05:42,400
While the HBO film is wonderful, there is
nothing better and more wonderful than hearing

74
00:05:42,400 --> 00:05:46,710
from Dr. Grandin directly and firsthand.

75
00:05:46,710 --> 00:05:56,160
Please join me in welcoming Dr. Grandin.

76
00:05:56,160 --> 00:05:59,930
[Applause]

77
00:05:59,930 --> 00:06:00,930
Great to be here.

78
00:06:00,930 --> 00:06:03,889
I have a slight ginger.

79
00:06:03,889 --> 00:06:08,139
One thing I like in the movie is they put
all my projects in there.

80
00:06:08,139 --> 00:06:09,760
That part is accurate.

81
00:06:09,760 --> 00:06:11,920
I think that is important.

82
00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:13,900
This is my grandfather's patent.

83
00:06:13,900 --> 00:06:18,050
He was the coinventor of the autopilot since
of airplanes.

84
00:06:18,050 --> 00:06:24,900
He did it with another person named Andrew
Nikki who was probably autistic and came up

85
00:06:24,900 --> 00:06:27,900
with this crazy idea for magnetic oils.

86
00:06:27,900 --> 00:06:31,800
And then my grandfather had to tinker and
make it work.

87
00:06:31,800 --> 00:06:36,710
This is an example of different kinds of minds
working together.

88
00:06:36,710 --> 00:06:42,140
They worked on it in a loft over the area
where they fit -- fixed trains.

89
00:06:42,140 --> 00:06:44,020
Sometimes it works and sometimes it didn't.

90
00:06:44,020 --> 00:06:49,450
They finally figured out the trains going
underneath messed up the field.

91
00:06:49,450 --> 00:06:52,000
The head to tinker.

92
00:06:52,000 --> 00:06:55,420
I used to ask my grandfather unless science
questions.

93
00:06:55,420 --> 00:06:57,210
Wise the sky blue?

94
00:06:57,210 --> 00:06:58,210
Why is grass green?

95
00:06:58,210 --> 00:07:04,550
One of the problems we have today is children
are doing enough real activities.

96
00:07:04,550 --> 00:07:07,380
We need to get them doing things with real
tools.

97
00:07:07,380 --> 00:07:13,760
I went to this fabulous kindergarten a year
ago where six-year-olds were making robots

98
00:07:13,760 --> 00:07:16,460
unbroken computer parts.

99
00:07:16,460 --> 00:07:17,731
Can we hook it up to the charger and work?

100
00:07:17,731 --> 00:07:19,080
Is it going to walk?

101
00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:20,230
I don't think so.

102
00:07:20,230 --> 00:07:21,720
But you have them doing tools.

103
00:07:21,720 --> 00:07:26,970
You have a lot of kids growing up today separate
from doing things with her hands.

104
00:07:26,970 --> 00:07:28,590
A big mistake.

105
00:07:28,590 --> 00:07:33,050
This is one of my hands on drawings.

106
00:07:33,050 --> 00:07:34,520
You might wonder why the curves.

107
00:07:34,520 --> 00:07:38,490
The cattle come around the bend, they think
they're going back to where they came from.

108
00:07:38,490 --> 00:07:42,950
That is a natural behavior for cattle.

109
00:07:42,950 --> 00:07:46,330
I love the fact that the movie had my real
drawings in it.

110
00:07:46,330 --> 00:07:49,370
Why do I have you need to touch to proceeds?

111
00:07:49,370 --> 00:07:50,389
-- Perceive?

112
00:07:50,389 --> 00:07:52,580
I saw and drafting two computers.

113
00:07:52,580 --> 00:08:00,740
In the mid-90s when this was going on we got
weird mistakes on drawings.

114
00:08:00,740 --> 00:08:03,340
Like the center of the circle wasn't the center
of the circle.

115
00:08:03,340 --> 00:08:06,210
I got these mistakes from every major meat
company.

116
00:08:06,210 --> 00:08:11,330
When I looked at was drawing the drawings
it was someone who never built anything and

117
00:08:11,330 --> 00:08:12,879
they had never drawn by hand.

118
00:08:12,879 --> 00:08:15,100
They were not seeing the drawings.

119
00:08:15,100 --> 00:08:18,000
It was that simple.

120
00:08:18,000 --> 00:08:21,670
I got to go down to Cape Kennedy and see SpaceX
launch.

121
00:08:21,670 --> 00:08:26,540
That was so cool.

122
00:08:26,540 --> 00:08:28,620
I did model rockets as a young child.

123
00:08:28,620 --> 00:08:29,620
Here's the real thing.

124
00:08:29,620 --> 00:08:35,940
I learned a person with Tourette's syndrome
worked on designing this launch pad.

125
00:08:35,940 --> 00:08:36,940
Doing things.

126
00:08:36,940 --> 00:08:40,169
You can buy the rockets premade, that is not
the point.

127
00:08:40,169 --> 00:08:47,019
The only places I was not fully teased as
a child was shared interest, writing horses,

128
00:08:47,019 --> 00:08:49,950
model rockets and electronics.

129
00:08:49,950 --> 00:08:53,070
I get asked all the time how did get into
my interesting cattle.

130
00:08:53,070 --> 00:08:54,399
I have no background.

131
00:08:54,399 --> 00:08:56,920
I was introduced as a teenager.

132
00:08:56,920 --> 00:09:01,069
This brings an important thing about careers.

133
00:09:01,069 --> 00:09:03,820
Students get interested in things they get
exposed to.

134
00:09:03,820 --> 00:09:06,899
Find out what they like and they might find
stuff they don't like as well.

135
00:09:06,899 --> 00:09:09,170
There's the rocket taking off.

136
00:09:09,170 --> 00:09:11,910
This is my bird kite.

137
00:09:11,910 --> 00:09:15,149
I tinkered to get it to work.

138
00:09:15,149 --> 00:09:17,430
I couldn't get the same kind of paper I had
as a child.

139
00:09:17,430 --> 00:09:20,699
Notice has wing tips like modern jets.

140
00:09:20,699 --> 00:09:25,040
I should've panted that when I was seven.

141
00:09:25,040 --> 00:09:29,379
The rough surface of the paper had something
to do with white worked because golf balls

142
00:09:29,379 --> 00:09:30,620
fly better when they are rough.

143
00:09:30,620 --> 00:09:33,209
I could not get the same paper.

144
00:09:33,209 --> 00:09:40,420
There is a wingtip first-generation for fuel
saving.

145
00:09:40,420 --> 00:09:41,610
There is something fancier.

146
00:09:41,610 --> 00:09:42,610
There's blended.

147
00:09:42,610 --> 00:09:43,790
And the patents are really fun.

148
00:09:43,790 --> 00:09:47,050
They are so simple children can understand
them.

149
00:09:47,050 --> 00:09:48,220
They simply are shapes.

150
00:09:48,220 --> 00:09:51,150
You can go fully nuts and come up with that.

151
00:09:51,150 --> 00:09:54,079
That is just totally weird.

152
00:09:54,079 --> 00:09:57,570
One private jet ended up with that.

153
00:09:57,570 --> 00:10:04,320
You might wonder why the backend of the jet
engine is scalloped, it makes it quieter.

154
00:10:04,320 --> 00:10:08,490
Really fun things . So simple children can
understand it.

155
00:10:08,490 --> 00:10:11,010
Top aviation patents.

156
00:10:11,010 --> 00:10:16,690
Another project I did in high school was the
teams distorted room.

157
00:10:16,690 --> 00:10:21,499
My science teacher wasn't going to have to
do it, he wanted me to figure out for myself.

158
00:10:21,499 --> 00:10:24,720
Kids are too scared of making mistakes of
the.

159
00:10:24,720 --> 00:10:31,639
He gave me one hand, this is from the title
of the movie, you see the trapezoidal shape,

160
00:10:31,639 --> 00:10:36,980
he showed it briefly to me of a textbook and
that he wanted me to figure it out.

161
00:10:36,980 --> 00:10:40,380
We have to get these classes back in schools.

162
00:10:40,380 --> 00:10:44,839
If I hadn't had sewing and woodworking and
art I would've hated school.

163
00:10:44,839 --> 00:10:49,499
I am seeing too many smart kids getting shoved
into special ed and they are going nowhere.

164
00:10:49,499 --> 00:10:52,410
I looked at a lot of models here.

165
00:10:52,410 --> 00:11:00,670
When the patent office for started -- the
geeks in the minutes it's -- misfits probably

166
00:11:00,670 --> 00:11:02,499
made those things.

167
00:11:02,499 --> 00:11:03,829
Theater, another good field.

168
00:11:03,829 --> 00:11:06,790
That won't get replaced artificial intelligence.

169
00:11:06,790 --> 00:11:08,550
We have to get this stuff back.

170
00:11:08,550 --> 00:11:13,259
Around this part of the country I think they're
doing better on skilled trades than other

171
00:11:13,259 --> 00:11:14,259
states.

172
00:11:14,259 --> 00:11:20,839
I am seeing a lot of grandparents coming up
to me and they are finding out there dyslexic,

173
00:11:20,839 --> 00:11:26,779
artistic, and they find out when the kids
are diagnosed but they have good jobs because

174
00:11:26,779 --> 00:11:27,779
they learned how to work.

175
00:11:27,779 --> 00:11:32,379
I see too many kids get babied and becoming
their label.

176
00:11:32,379 --> 00:11:36,449
I'm happy to see other people who are differently
hired here.

177
00:11:36,449 --> 00:11:40,129
That is really good.

178
00:11:40,129 --> 00:11:42,050
Brain variability.

179
00:11:42,050 --> 00:11:46,490
A brain can be more thinking or more social
emotional.

180
00:11:46,490 --> 00:11:54,250
A little bit of autism gives you things like
autism -- iPhones, the electric light.

181
00:11:54,250 --> 00:11:58,989
He was labeled a high school dropout.

182
00:11:58,989 --> 00:12:04,589
Here's a mindblower , genomic trade-offs,
autism and schizophrenia the steep price for

183
00:12:04,589 --> 00:12:05,589
a human brain?

184
00:12:05,589 --> 00:12:12,989
The same genes that make us human are the
same genes the give you autism and schizophrenia.

185
00:12:12,989 --> 00:12:19,380
The thing I want to ask you is, what would
happen to some of today's top innovators?

186
00:12:19,380 --> 00:12:26,620
Some of the people you have in the patent
Hall of Fame, Edison , hyperactive high school

187
00:12:26,620 --> 00:12:27,620
dropout.

188
00:12:27,620 --> 00:12:31,800
Einstein would probably be laid -- be labeled
autistic.

189
00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:35,139
Steve Jobs was bullied in school.

190
00:12:35,139 --> 00:12:40,410
How about Tesla who developed the alternating
current and powerplant.

191
00:12:40,410 --> 00:12:43,029
What would happen to them today?

192
00:12:43,029 --> 00:12:48,649
I'm seeing too many kids getting various labels
and I'm worried about them getting screened

193
00:12:48,649 --> 00:12:49,649
out.

194
00:12:49,649 --> 00:12:56,259
I also see too many parents over protecting
kids where they are getting overprotected

195
00:12:56,259 --> 00:12:58,519
they are not learning any basic skills.

196
00:12:58,519 --> 00:13:00,089
How about dyslexia in business?

197
00:13:00,089 --> 00:13:05,699
JetBlue, the only airline that gives you space
in the back of the plane.

198
00:13:05,699 --> 00:13:08,139
It's a good chance he's a visual thinker.

199
00:13:08,139 --> 00:13:14,579
He knows what it's like to get stuck in the
back of the plane.

200
00:13:14,579 --> 00:13:16,040
Thomas Edison, there is is patent.

201
00:13:16,040 --> 00:13:17,249
He probably had autism.

202
00:13:17,249 --> 00:13:19,040
I've read some biographies on him.

203
00:13:19,040 --> 00:13:23,230
What are some of the common denominators of
these different kinds of minds?

204
00:13:23,230 --> 00:13:25,370
Growing up with lots of books.

205
00:13:25,370 --> 00:13:27,899
Loved books and reading as a kid.

206
00:13:27,899 --> 00:13:29,110
Was slow to learn reading.

207
00:13:29,110 --> 00:13:30,730
My mother taught me with phonics.

208
00:13:30,730 --> 00:13:33,429
There other kids are going to learn whole
word.

209
00:13:33,429 --> 00:13:35,350
Don't get hung up on one method.

210
00:13:35,350 --> 00:13:38,249
Everything is learning how to work.

211
00:13:38,249 --> 00:13:40,589
Edison had a paper route at 11.

212
00:13:40,589 --> 00:13:43,279
Telegraph operator at 14.

213
00:13:43,279 --> 00:13:46,240
What can we do today to teach work skills?

214
00:13:46,240 --> 00:13:48,860
How about volunteer jobs?

215
00:13:48,860 --> 00:13:52,019
Churches, synagogues, whatever.

216
00:13:52,019 --> 00:13:53,019
Walking Dobbs -- dogs for the neighbors.

217
00:13:53,019 --> 00:13:57,699
They have to learn how to do things on a schedule
outside the home.

218
00:13:57,699 --> 00:13:59,259
I had great mentors.

219
00:13:59,259 --> 00:14:03,379
I mother always encouraged my ability in art.

220
00:14:03,379 --> 00:14:05,550
Had a great science teacher.

221
00:14:05,550 --> 00:14:08,459
He was always encouraging me to do lots of
different projects.

222
00:14:08,459 --> 00:14:14,910
He got me going because then education became
a pathway to a goal.

223
00:14:14,910 --> 00:14:17,970
I was a troubled student, kicked out of ninth
grade for fighting.

224
00:14:17,970 --> 00:14:21,370
Went away for -- to boarding school with the
kids with problems.

225
00:14:21,370 --> 00:14:28,089
For the first three years I ran their horse
barn , I didn't study Ballard have to work.

226
00:14:28,089 --> 00:14:32,480
And they would not let me become a recluse
in my room.

227
00:14:32,480 --> 00:14:34,810
Kids today are afraid of making mistakes.

228
00:14:34,810 --> 00:14:41,989
That is the closest books I could find online
that were similar to the books I had as a

229
00:14:41,989 --> 00:14:42,989
child.

230
00:14:42,989 --> 00:14:43,989
That I loved.

231
00:14:43,989 --> 00:14:49,889
A Nobel prize winner is 50% more likely to
have an arts and craft hobby compared to other

232
00:14:49,889 --> 00:14:50,889
scientists.

233
00:14:50,889 --> 00:14:56,749
This is another reason for keeping all these
hands-on classes in the schools.

234
00:14:56,749 --> 00:14:59,579
This is one of my most different slides.

235
00:14:59,579 --> 00:15:02,259
This is the different kinds of minds.

236
00:15:02,259 --> 00:15:06,569
When I first started out in my work with livestock
I didn't know I was a visual thinker.

237
00:15:06,569 --> 00:15:08,129
I thought everyone was a visual thinker.

238
00:15:08,129 --> 00:15:13,439
Over the years I've been learning more and
more about how different people think differently.

239
00:15:13,439 --> 00:15:18,019
Everything I think about is a photo, the movie
showed that absolutely accurately.

240
00:15:18,019 --> 00:15:23,879
They were showing it in the lobby and pictures
of shoes coming up, that is how I think.

241
00:15:23,879 --> 00:15:26,199
I can't do algebra.

242
00:15:26,199 --> 00:15:29,220
And I'm seeing this is a giant obstacle for
a lot of kids.

243
00:15:29,220 --> 00:15:32,350
End up in the basement and video games.

244
00:15:32,350 --> 00:15:38,410
I worked a lot of skilled trade people, complicated
plants, don't worry I won't show you slaughter

245
00:15:38,410 --> 00:15:42,339
stuff, just new construction.

246
00:15:42,339 --> 00:15:44,739
People tend to stick up their nose at skilled
trades.

247
00:15:44,739 --> 00:15:49,109
We have water systems around the country falling
apart.

248
00:15:49,109 --> 00:15:55,959
I stayed in four hotels in the last year where
the water system failed, we almost had to

249
00:15:55,959 --> 00:16:00,569
do a conference with porta potty's in a nice
hotel in a major city.

250
00:16:00,569 --> 00:16:03,540
The other kind of mine is a mathematical mine.

251
00:16:03,540 --> 00:16:04,949
Think patterns.

252
00:16:04,949 --> 00:16:07,220
They don't think in pictures.

253
00:16:07,220 --> 00:16:09,139
The thinking patterns.

254
00:16:09,139 --> 00:16:14,929
The correct scientific names is object visualizer.

255
00:16:14,929 --> 00:16:19,649
Those kind of inventions would've been done
by object visualizer's.

256
00:16:19,649 --> 00:16:22,350
Once I see around here.

257
00:16:22,350 --> 00:16:27,350
Things like electronic and programming that
will be more a pattern thinker.

258
00:16:27,350 --> 00:16:32,230
I have a book called the autistic brain I
give you the science to show you the science

259
00:16:32,230 --> 00:16:33,230
is not rubbish.

260
00:16:33,230 --> 00:16:35,629
You have verbal thinking.

261
00:16:35,629 --> 00:16:37,850
Education is getting taken over by the verbal
thinkers.

262
00:16:37,850 --> 00:16:38,850
Tend to overgeneralize.

263
00:16:38,850 --> 00:16:45,799
Then you have a person who is great in sales,
dyslexic and he is an auditory learner.

264
00:16:45,799 --> 00:16:50,699
These mines exist and we need to have them
work together.

265
00:16:50,699 --> 00:16:55,600
I got to do some brain scans and find out
I have a big visual thinking circuit.

266
00:16:55,600 --> 00:17:01,019
I get asked, how do you tell kind of a thinker
a person is?

267
00:17:01,019 --> 00:17:02,759
Visual thinkers will do a lot of drawing.

268
00:17:02,759 --> 00:17:06,240
My ability and drawing was encouraged from
an early age.

269
00:17:06,240 --> 00:17:10,540
The mathematicians will be good at math and
they need to give them harder math.

270
00:17:10,540 --> 00:17:12,159
Don't make them do the baby stuff.

271
00:17:12,159 --> 00:17:16,419
There is more visual thinking stuff.

272
00:17:16,419 --> 00:17:21,620
Where I had a problem is I have no working
memory.

273
00:17:21,620 --> 00:17:28,039
A person that has a bad working memory, you
have to do is any task that involves sequence

274
00:17:28,039 --> 00:17:30,919
is give them a checklist.

275
00:17:30,919 --> 00:17:39,450
If there's us -- start out by giving them
a checklist, bullet points, to jog your memory.

276
00:17:39,450 --> 00:17:41,840
Also multitasking can be a problem.

277
00:17:41,840 --> 00:17:45,100
This is what Thomas Edison had to say about
mathematicians.

278
00:17:45,100 --> 00:17:50,400
He said I am not a mathematician, I can always
hire some but they can't hire me.

279
00:17:50,400 --> 00:17:53,790
That is what he had to say.

280
00:17:53,790 --> 00:18:02,270
There is a book the autistic brain, another
on dyslexia and visual thinking.

281
00:18:02,270 --> 00:18:08,930
I'm getting worried that we are not valuing
visual thinking enough.

282
00:18:08,930 --> 00:18:17,400
Early patent office had mechanical engineering
-- and worried our educational system is screening

283
00:18:17,400 --> 00:18:18,600
it out.

284
00:18:18,600 --> 00:18:22,789
We need visual things to prevent messes like
Fukushima.

285
00:18:22,789 --> 00:18:29,770
They put the emergency equipment in a non-waterproof
basement.

286
00:18:29,770 --> 00:18:32,409
Electric operated pump doesn't work well under
water.

287
00:18:32,409 --> 00:18:35,130
How about electric -- watertight board -- watertight
doors.

288
00:18:35,130 --> 00:18:36,330
That is basic.

289
00:18:36,330 --> 00:18:42,049
What I have learned is the mathematic mind
doesn't see it.

290
00:18:42,049 --> 00:18:44,110
I used to call it stupidity.

291
00:18:44,110 --> 00:18:45,279
It is not.

292
00:18:45,279 --> 00:18:47,960
They simply don't see it.

293
00:18:47,960 --> 00:18:49,220
We need them in science.

294
00:18:49,220 --> 00:18:52,440
A lot of problems replicating scientific
results.

295
00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:56,820
Slight differences in methods can change cancer
research.

296
00:18:56,820 --> 00:19:01,090
Whether you shook the cells or gently stir
them.

297
00:19:01,090 --> 00:19:03,539
When I reviewed journal articles I go over
the methods.

298
00:19:03,539 --> 00:19:05,500
I'll let someone else do the statistics.

299
00:19:05,500 --> 00:19:07,789
I get after the methods.

300
00:19:07,789 --> 00:19:11,490
Tell me what breed of cattle you used in your
study.

301
00:19:11,490 --> 00:19:17,830
In my book: all minds, I have Grace Murray
Hopper and she was terrible at Latin.

302
00:19:17,830 --> 00:19:21,250
A lot of minds that are different have uneven
skills.

303
00:19:21,250 --> 00:19:24,190
Good at one thing and batted something else.

304
00:19:24,190 --> 00:19:30,110
We need to have a lot more emphasis on building
up the thing that a person is good at.

305
00:19:30,110 --> 00:19:32,190
That you can turn into a career.

306
00:19:32,190 --> 00:19:36,919
I think an education we need to be looking
more at where is a student 10 years after

307
00:19:36,919 --> 00:19:38,210
high school?

308
00:19:38,210 --> 00:19:43,740
I was doing those projects that were shown
in the movie continues after high school.

309
00:19:43,740 --> 00:19:47,110
Stephen Hawking was doing math in his head.

310
00:19:47,110 --> 00:19:48,519
Penrose geometry.

311
00:19:48,519 --> 00:19:54,890
You want to find cool stuff for kids to do
in math, type mathematical terms into Google.

312
00:19:54,890 --> 00:19:56,450
Use the image function.

313
00:19:56,450 --> 00:20:00,990
Type in things like fractals, all kinds of
stuff.

314
00:20:00,990 --> 00:20:05,159
You will find great stuff you won't find in
the word Google.

315
00:20:05,159 --> 00:20:07,750
I like what Stephen Hawking had to say about
disability.

316
00:20:07,750 --> 00:20:11,850
"Concentrate on the things your disability
doesn't prevent you from doing well."

317
00:20:11,850 --> 00:20:14,570
He could do geometry in his head.

318
00:20:14,570 --> 00:20:16,179
He could not right.

319
00:20:16,179 --> 00:20:19,320
It had to be done in his head.

320
00:20:19,320 --> 00:20:24,720
He also was really good at floating around
in a weightless plane and having a fun time

321
00:20:24,720 --> 00:20:26,299
doing it.

322
00:20:26,299 --> 00:20:31,510
Visual thinkers, artificial intelligence,
people with autism and dyslexia were bottom-up

323
00:20:31,510 --> 00:20:32,510
thinkers.

324
00:20:32,510 --> 00:20:39,639
I want to talk about the double rail restrainer
system, the thing I wish I had patented.

325
00:20:39,639 --> 00:20:46,191
If I build upon previous work that was patented
then at the University of Connecticut, what

326
00:20:46,191 --> 00:20:50,940
they did when they started on their project
was searched all the patents and it was a

327
00:20:50,940 --> 00:20:51,940
pain in the 70s.

328
00:20:51,940 --> 00:20:55,169
To look at the state of the art so they didn't
reinvent the wheel.

329
00:20:55,169 --> 00:20:59,830
They showed it straddling conveyor, a low
stress way of handling an animal.

330
00:20:59,830 --> 00:21:04,909
I saved their plywood model from the dump
and my job was to make it work in a plant.

331
00:21:04,909 --> 00:21:09,789
It was like my grandfather working with Andrew
on the auto plant.

332
00:21:09,789 --> 00:21:14,490
I did have two patentable things on it which
I'm kicking myself I didn't patent.

333
00:21:14,490 --> 00:21:21,019
They are in an article I did in the national
Journal of agricultural engineering research

334
00:21:21,019 --> 00:21:28,370
in the late 80s.

335
00:21:28,370 --> 00:21:30,809
Had to invent the adjustable sizing.

336
00:21:30,809 --> 00:21:39,120
That was patented also I was shocked to learn
two years ago that a simple artificial intelligence

337
00:21:39,120 --> 00:21:43,140
system the diagnosed melanoma uses the bottom-up
approach.

338
00:21:43,140 --> 00:21:48,230
You show lots of pictures of melanoma, lots
of pictures of other kinds of stuff on the

339
00:21:48,230 --> 00:21:51,990
skin and it learns to categorize.

340
00:21:51,990 --> 00:21:54,519
People with autism are a bottom-up thinker.

341
00:21:54,519 --> 00:22:02,029
You take the kid it's different and get him
doing things the fills the database with information,

342
00:22:02,029 --> 00:22:05,649
then they get less autistic as they learn
more and more bottom-up.

343
00:22:05,649 --> 00:22:11,299
There is the iPhone app.

344
00:22:11,299 --> 00:22:12,860
Ultimate bottom-up thinking.

345
00:22:12,860 --> 00:22:18,380
We are not making any hypotheses upfront,
we are using patient drive data to generate

346
00:22:18,380 --> 00:22:19,380
hypotheses.

347
00:22:19,380 --> 00:22:20,720
That is how I think.

348
00:22:20,720 --> 00:22:25,980
When I first started working in cattle hand
facilities I went to every feed guard in the

349
00:22:25,980 --> 00:22:26,980
area.

350
00:22:26,980 --> 00:22:36,230
The were some facilities, what I did do was
combine a lot of bits together to come up

351
00:22:36,230 --> 00:22:42,570
with better systems from bad things that don't
work, take the good bits and put them together.

352
00:22:42,570 --> 00:22:44,212
It helped me in my annual behavior.

353
00:22:44,212 --> 00:22:45,212
-- Animal behavior.

354
00:22:45,212 --> 00:22:51,470
Some of the first work I did was look at the
cattle were looking at.

355
00:22:51,470 --> 00:22:53,740
I didn't know I was a visual thinker in the
70s.

356
00:22:53,740 --> 00:22:55,409
I thought everyone was.

357
00:22:55,409 --> 00:22:57,080
I didn't know.

358
00:22:57,080 --> 00:23:02,310
Until one day I asked the speech therapist
to think about the church steeple and I was

359
00:23:02,310 --> 00:23:05,250
shocked she saw vague 20 thing.

360
00:23:05,250 --> 00:23:06,559
My mind names them off.

361
00:23:06,559 --> 00:23:14,309
That was my first inkling that maybe I thought
differently.

362
00:23:14,309 --> 00:23:16,130
There are eclipse shadows.

363
00:23:16,130 --> 00:23:20,490
That is on the sidewalk and our university.

364
00:23:20,490 --> 00:23:23,409
I watched hundreds of students walk over this.

365
00:23:23,409 --> 00:23:28,740
I didn't know eclipses did this with the trees
but I noticed the shadows.

366
00:23:28,740 --> 00:23:33,399
I still have to talk to people about chains
hanging down.

367
00:23:33,399 --> 00:23:36,289
Yellow tape scaring the cattle.

368
00:23:36,289 --> 00:23:39,519
Things we tend to not notice, they noticed.

369
00:23:39,519 --> 00:23:42,160
I was asked, do they know they're getting
slaughtered?

370
00:23:42,160 --> 00:23:46,889
I've been in three different places were a
paper towel hanging down like this stopping

371
00:23:46,889 --> 00:23:48,590
the animals.

372
00:23:48,590 --> 00:23:49,590
Visual distractions.

373
00:23:49,590 --> 00:23:51,100
I still have to talk about these things.

374
00:23:51,100 --> 00:23:55,490
I have checklists I give people on this.

375
00:23:55,490 --> 00:23:57,700
Nonslip flooring is super important.

376
00:23:57,700 --> 00:24:00,690
Let's see how we are on perceiving things.

377
00:24:00,690 --> 00:24:06,000
Raise your hand if you saw that animal was
looking at the sunbeam.

378
00:24:06,000 --> 00:24:10,769
We are doing moderate.

379
00:24:10,769 --> 00:24:13,830
Better than the mathematicians another place
I went to.

380
00:24:13,830 --> 00:24:16,059
The school administrators were the worst.

381
00:24:16,059 --> 00:24:22,240
I show this to elementary school kids and
over half the hands go up.

382
00:24:22,240 --> 00:24:26,809
They will see it is looking at the sunbeam.

383
00:24:26,809 --> 00:24:29,779
Animal memories are specific because they
are sensory-based.

384
00:24:29,779 --> 00:24:32,669
If you want to understand animals it's a sensory-based
world.

385
00:24:32,669 --> 00:24:36,389
What are they seeing, hearing, touching and
smelling?

386
00:24:36,389 --> 00:24:39,600
It is not word based.

387
00:24:39,600 --> 00:24:44,519
Early exposure to career interest, writing
horses, learning carpentry, lots of hands

388
00:24:44,519 --> 00:24:46,250
on things.

389
00:24:46,250 --> 00:24:48,539
That is how I get interested in livestock.

390
00:24:48,539 --> 00:24:50,799
Exposure as a teenager.

391
00:24:50,799 --> 00:24:53,759
When you are weird, how do you sell yourself
when you're weird?

392
00:24:53,759 --> 00:24:56,790
When you're super weird you have to show your
work off.

393
00:24:56,790 --> 00:25:01,269
This is a drawing for the system depicted
in the movie.

394
00:25:01,269 --> 00:25:05,250
I love the fact that they re-created my projects.

395
00:25:05,250 --> 00:25:06,250
That was cool.

396
00:25:06,250 --> 00:25:08,789
There is my brochure.

397
00:25:08,789 --> 00:25:12,529
I sold myself by showing my work.

398
00:25:12,529 --> 00:25:16,520
I was living in a student apartment called
the oasis Apartments.

399
00:25:16,520 --> 00:25:24,940
I renamed it the oasis building Suite 218.

400
00:25:24,940 --> 00:25:29,640
That sounds better than apartment 218.

401
00:25:29,640 --> 00:25:35,100
Here is
an original project I did in 1976, there is

402
00:25:35,100 --> 00:25:37,669
another picture right there.

403
00:25:37,669 --> 00:25:43,330
I love the fact that the HBO movie built a
replica.

404
00:25:43,330 --> 00:25:48,860
The work stuff in there was correct.

405
00:25:48,860 --> 00:25:52,380
Starting my career interest -- and construction,
it was hard being a woman in a man's world

406
00:25:52,380 --> 00:25:54,320
but there were some people helped me.

407
00:25:54,320 --> 00:25:57,889
He was a contractor.

408
00:25:57,889 --> 00:25:59,480
He seek me out.

409
00:25:59,480 --> 00:26:03,520
The other thing I've learned about construction
is it's about outcomes.

410
00:26:03,520 --> 00:26:07,159
You have to get a job done.

411
00:26:07,159 --> 00:26:09,260
I'm seeing too many kids not learning how
to work.

412
00:26:09,260 --> 00:26:11,779
I talked to the parents and they say we are
thinking about it.

413
00:26:11,779 --> 00:26:18,029
I say we don't think about it in construction,
you have to do.

414
00:26:18,029 --> 00:26:21,500
Let's look at who builds great big huge factories.

415
00:26:21,500 --> 00:26:25,919
Like meat companies like Tyson.

416
00:26:25,919 --> 00:26:28,830
Swift plant.

417
00:26:28,830 --> 00:26:29,830
Complicated factories.

418
00:26:29,830 --> 00:26:34,280
What I learned is, and I found it true for
every major meat company and I work for all

419
00:26:34,280 --> 00:26:39,120
of them, one of the big ones I work for doesn't
exist anymore.

420
00:26:39,120 --> 00:26:44,270
The visual thinkers, my department, we lay
out the plant.

421
00:26:44,270 --> 00:26:47,889
Visual thinkers invented the clever mechanical
equipment.

422
00:26:47,889 --> 00:26:52,669
Things like packaging equipment, conveyors,
stuff similar to your models.

423
00:26:52,669 --> 00:27:00,260
Now we have the mathematically inclined engineers,
boilers, refrigeration, roof trusses, concrete,

424
00:27:00,260 --> 00:27:04,470
power, water, soil compaction requirements.

425
00:27:04,470 --> 00:27:07,040
You need the whole team.

426
00:27:07,040 --> 00:27:10,419
Right now, they are not able to replace the
visual thinkers.

427
00:27:10,419 --> 00:27:13,210
They are playing video games in the basement.

428
00:27:13,210 --> 00:27:17,049
This is the problem.

429
00:27:17,049 --> 00:27:23,730
Last year, 2017, I went to two brand-new processing
plants.

430
00:27:23,730 --> 00:27:25,249
We built the building.

431
00:27:25,249 --> 00:27:27,220
We built the cool room doors.

432
00:27:27,220 --> 00:27:29,170
There too expensive to ship in a container.

433
00:27:29,170 --> 00:27:35,529
But a lot of the specialized equipment, the
things would be like your models, we don't

434
00:27:35,529 --> 00:27:36,889
make any more.

435
00:27:36,889 --> 00:27:41,539
And one of the reasons for that is taking
skilled trade stuff out of the schools and

436
00:27:41,539 --> 00:27:44,700
not putting enough value on visual thinking.

437
00:27:44,700 --> 00:27:48,340
Frustrates the kid with the algebra requirement
and don't let them take geometry.

438
00:27:48,340 --> 00:27:49,519
How they managed to get the college?

439
00:27:49,519 --> 00:27:54,950
There was a quirk in 1967.

440
00:27:54,950 --> 00:28:01,419
The required class nationally was finite math,
matrices, statistics.

441
00:28:01,419 --> 00:28:05,100
And some probability stuff.

442
00:28:05,100 --> 00:28:08,399
A bit more visual, I can understand it.

443
00:28:08,399 --> 00:28:10,009
You need the whole team.

444
00:28:10,009 --> 00:28:16,460
By the time I got through the second processing
plant was about to cry.

445
00:28:16,460 --> 00:28:22,890
Are visual thinkers are in the basement and
there being labeled.

446
00:28:22,890 --> 00:28:25,529
Here's a system put in in 2017.

447
00:28:25,529 --> 00:28:29,090
We stone -- still know how to build a beef
plant.

448
00:28:29,090 --> 00:28:33,600
There is one company that still does it.

449
00:28:33,600 --> 00:28:36,009
Can the sun take over the business -- son
take over the business?

450
00:28:36,009 --> 00:28:37,789
I don't know.

451
00:28:37,789 --> 00:28:49,889
I 
like to show this slide off, I like to a

452
00:28:49,889 --> 00:28:50,889
heavy-metal.

453
00:28:50,889 --> 00:28:53,880
Don't stick your nose up at it.

454
00:28:53,880 --> 00:28:58,179
There's a lot more stuff in the rest of the
plant more complicated than this.

455
00:28:58,179 --> 00:29:02,299
This is a visual thinking equipment.

456
00:29:02,299 --> 00:29:05,659
This is one of my curved lanes coming up to
the Dip Vat.

457
00:29:05,659 --> 00:29:10,610
Is the cattle come around the bend they think
they're coming where they came from.

458
00:29:10,610 --> 00:29:12,940
This is a tight space layout.

459
00:29:12,940 --> 00:29:16,830
I had to lay it out so the animals enter you
could dead ended.

460
00:29:16,830 --> 00:29:18,340
Have to see a place to go.

461
00:29:18,340 --> 00:29:23,899
And you take them around the curve, here's
an aerial view of a ranch set up.

462
00:29:23,899 --> 00:29:27,910
These are pictures I used to use in my portfolio.

463
00:29:27,910 --> 00:29:31,519
A lot of parents, when I talk to them, how
do you get into the back door?

464
00:29:31,519 --> 00:29:36,300
How do we get into backdoors and find our
ways into things?

465
00:29:36,300 --> 00:29:40,850
There's a scene in the movie go up and get
the editors card.

466
00:29:40,850 --> 00:29:43,639
That scene is real and important.

467
00:29:43,639 --> 00:29:49,499
I recognized if I started writing for the
magazine, that I produced an article about

468
00:29:49,499 --> 00:29:55,509
my thesis work on cattle squeeze shoots, and
I started doing a column and then they started

469
00:29:55,509 --> 00:29:56,779
paying me.

470
00:29:56,779 --> 00:30:01,100
It got me up press pass into big expensive
meetings.

471
00:30:01,100 --> 00:30:03,330
Writing was another important thing in my
career.

472
00:30:03,330 --> 00:30:07,059
I wrote a book of things I did.

473
00:30:07,059 --> 00:30:09,809
Trade magazines, nationally and locally.

474
00:30:09,809 --> 00:30:15,230
I am proud of the fact that half the cattle
are handled in my system.

475
00:30:15,230 --> 00:30:21,129
I get asked, what you think changed the industry
the most?

476
00:30:21,129 --> 00:30:25,629
A scoring system I developed for meat plants.

477
00:30:25,629 --> 00:30:29,370
I made the mistake early in my career that
I could fix everything with engineering.

478
00:30:29,370 --> 00:30:32,850
If I could build the right and doing we wouldn't
need management.

479
00:30:32,850 --> 00:30:34,409
Equipment would manage it self.

480
00:30:34,409 --> 00:30:39,370
That is not how things work.

481
00:30:39,370 --> 00:30:43,879
I said, I used to design hardware, non-a software
engineer.

482
00:30:43,879 --> 00:30:48,340
I developed a scoring system, we have to manage
the soft stuff up in here.

483
00:30:48,340 --> 00:30:55,240
I was hired by McDonald's Corporation, trained
their safety auditors how to do it.

484
00:30:55,240 --> 00:31:01,269
In the year 2000, it made a huge difference.

485
00:31:01,269 --> 00:31:05,519
The other thing I saw is when you take the
bosses of the big corporations and yank them

486
00:31:05,519 --> 00:31:11,429
out of the office, it's just like that show
undercover boss, never forget the day when

487
00:31:11,429 --> 00:31:17,029
a vice president, at McDonald's saw a hafted
dairy cow going into its product.

488
00:31:17,029 --> 00:31:20,260
We have some things we have to change.

489
00:31:20,260 --> 00:31:25,049
The industry today so much better than what
it was.

490
00:31:25,049 --> 00:31:26,700
Back in 2019 99.

491
00:31:26,700 --> 00:31:28,290
-- Back in 2000 and 1999.

492
00:31:28,290 --> 00:31:33,340
We were able to make simple changes.

493
00:31:33,340 --> 00:31:35,299
Flooring, lighting.

494
00:31:35,299 --> 00:31:40,629
Cattle don't like to go into the dark.

495
00:31:40,629 --> 00:31:46,369
I didn't shove a double rail restrainer down
their throat, I made what they had worked.

496
00:31:46,369 --> 00:31:51,860
75 big pork and beef suppliers , only three
had built something expensive.

497
00:31:51,860 --> 00:31:54,980
Everything else was fixed in training, three
plants

498
00:31:54,980 --> 00:32:00,860
had to get rid of plant managers.

499
00:32:00,860 --> 00:32:03,550
And then things worked.

500
00:32:03,550 --> 00:32:09,950
This is my double rail center track restrainer
system that I developed for large cattle.

501
00:32:09,950 --> 00:32:13,630
There is an entrance design which I wish I
had patented.

502
00:32:13,630 --> 00:32:16,250
And kicking myself.

503
00:32:16,250 --> 00:32:20,140
And the adjustable sides.

504
00:32:20,140 --> 00:32:21,140
Two patentable items.

505
00:32:21,140 --> 00:32:28,549
If I had known the patents would be so easy
, that I can take a phone and look at the

506
00:32:28,549 --> 00:32:32,249
patent, in the mid-80s that was beyond my
wildest imagination.

507
00:32:32,249 --> 00:32:33,919
The could have such a thing.

508
00:32:33,919 --> 00:32:36,270
There is the center track restrainer system.

509
00:32:36,270 --> 00:32:44,059
I love that the movie has titles from the
real drawings.

510
00:32:44,059 --> 00:32:45,690
This is a scoring system.

511
00:32:45,690 --> 00:32:51,720
The trick is you've got to figure out what
are the important things to measure.

512
00:32:51,720 --> 00:32:56,769
They don't tell you how to build a plant but
these are outcome measures.

513
00:32:56,769 --> 00:33:00,710
The first one is rendering unconscious on
the first shot.

514
00:33:00,710 --> 00:33:05,250
If you couldn't shoot 95 percent on the first
shot you failed.

515
00:33:05,250 --> 00:33:07,590
It was that simple.

516
00:33:07,590 --> 00:33:11,429
Number one reason for failing was busted equipment.

517
00:33:11,429 --> 00:33:14,590
That's management.

518
00:33:14,590 --> 00:33:15,700
Things are way better now.

519
00:33:15,700 --> 00:33:19,399
The USDA has stepped up enforcement on the
lot.

520
00:33:19,399 --> 00:33:22,519
But still, maintenance, maintenance, maintenance.

521
00:33:22,519 --> 00:33:26,660
And I will do talk that our North American
need Institute meeting and the scoring is

522
00:33:26,660 --> 00:33:31,389
the heart of our industry trade voluntary
guideline.

523
00:33:31,389 --> 00:33:33,620
Is being used in other countries.

524
00:33:33,620 --> 00:33:34,919
Government guideline.

525
00:33:34,919 --> 00:33:42,119
It's hard for people sometimes to understand
how something this simple could work.

526
00:33:42,119 --> 00:33:44,570
You have to figure out what are the critical
control points.

527
00:33:44,570 --> 00:33:48,330
I love the critical control point used in
food safety.

528
00:33:48,330 --> 00:33:49,759
What is the really important thing?

529
00:33:49,759 --> 00:33:52,860
You know what it might be with lettuce?

530
00:33:52,860 --> 00:33:56,779
Making sure they have porta parties in the
field.

531
00:33:56,779 --> 00:33:58,419
Something people don't want to talk about.

532
00:33:58,419 --> 00:34:02,049
That may be a critical control point.

533
00:34:02,049 --> 00:34:04,259
And everything has to be dead when you hang
it up.

534
00:34:04,259 --> 00:34:08,369
One of the managers was not intuitive.

535
00:34:08,369 --> 00:34:23,720
Cattle moving when you handle them . When
they are moving, they are mooing because you're

536
00:34:23,720 --> 00:34:25,350
poking them.

537
00:34:25,350 --> 00:34:31,600
If you're doing a bad job it can be 20% or
30%.

538
00:34:31,600 --> 00:34:32,630
Falling down.

539
00:34:32,630 --> 00:34:36,870
We used to have 20 pixel down during handling.

540
00:34:36,870 --> 00:34:39,460
Now it's about none.

541
00:34:39,460 --> 00:34:42,760
Things have gotten a lot better.

542
00:34:42,760 --> 00:34:45,960
You measure these things and it was six automatic
failures.

543
00:34:45,960 --> 00:34:46,960
Abuses.

544
00:34:46,960 --> 00:34:49,670
Slamming gates and purpose on animals.

545
00:34:49,670 --> 00:34:53,260
Dragging animals, beating them up.

546
00:34:53,260 --> 00:35:00,960
Have a video, where I whack a plastic pig
and we talk about when tapping becomes beating.

547
00:35:00,960 --> 00:35:02,730
Clear-cut guidelines.

548
00:35:02,730 --> 00:35:06,590
It's the same principle as traffic.

549
00:35:06,590 --> 00:35:17,090
Traffic rules work really well, let's just
do a little exercise here

550
00:35:17,090 --> 00:35:22,260
in critical control points.

551
00:35:22,260 --> 00:35:24,520
Using traffic as a model.

552
00:35:24,520 --> 00:35:33,920
If you could only enforce three traffic rules,
what three would you enforce to get the most

553
00:35:33,920 --> 00:35:37,790
public safety if you are only allowed to enforce
three?

554
00:35:37,790 --> 00:35:40,240
Speeding is one of them.

555
00:35:40,240 --> 00:35:43,650
What's the next one?

556
00:35:43,650 --> 00:35:45,500
Definitely not.

557
00:35:45,500 --> 00:35:47,340
Traffic lights, stopping.

558
00:35:47,340 --> 00:35:51,580
And the third one is drunk driving.

559
00:35:51,580 --> 00:35:56,370
What I have found is almost always that comes
up last.

560
00:35:56,370 --> 00:35:58,750
Texting is going to be number four.

561
00:35:58,750 --> 00:36:01,370
And seatbelts are number five.

562
00:36:01,370 --> 00:36:07,200
The reason why I don't put the belts -- the
-- they don't protect me, they protect you

563
00:36:07,200 --> 00:36:11,340
against me.

564
00:36:11,340 --> 00:36:12,870
What are the important things?

565
00:36:12,870 --> 00:36:15,530
I can't stand bureaucracy.

566
00:36:15,530 --> 00:36:21,780
When I first came to CSU someone put a sign
up in my office that said administration.

567
00:36:21,780 --> 00:36:26,500
Heaviest element into science.

568
00:36:26,500 --> 00:36:29,150
Reacts with nothing because it's inert.

569
00:36:29,150 --> 00:36:35,510
And that is administrating them.

570
00:36:35,510 --> 00:36:37,740
Figuring out what are the important things.

571
00:36:37,740 --> 00:36:40,540
It worked beautifully.

572
00:36:40,540 --> 00:36:44,050
They had to make certain scores, 1% on falling.

573
00:36:44,050 --> 00:36:49,800
He could be rough handling or slippery force.

574
00:36:49,800 --> 00:36:50,800
-- Floors.

575
00:36:50,800 --> 00:36:53,750
This worked well.

576
00:36:53,750 --> 00:36:59,670
When I first started in 1996 USDA hard me
to click baseline data and only 30% of the

577
00:36:59,670 --> 00:37:03,920
plants could shoot 95% on the first shot because
everything was busted.

578
00:37:03,920 --> 00:37:06,790
We have McDonald's and there.

579
00:37:06,790 --> 00:37:08,720
Look at the big improvement.

580
00:37:08,720 --> 00:37:12,850
I don't have any more recent data because
the lawyers involved and I can't get the data.

581
00:37:12,850 --> 00:37:20,240
Leave it to the legal department to mess up
everything.

582
00:37:20,240 --> 00:37:25,550
When I learned that I think differently , gave
me a lot of insight.

583
00:37:25,550 --> 00:37:30,510
The first step, people have to do , is learn
that there are different kinds of minds.

584
00:37:30,510 --> 00:37:33,020
And figure out how they complement each other.

585
00:37:33,020 --> 00:37:41,240
Take Steve Jobs with the iPhone,
he had to have engineers and mathematicians

586
00:37:41,240 --> 00:37:42,790
to make the phone work.

587
00:37:42,790 --> 00:37:47,820
But if the engineers had designed it would've
been so complicated no one could've used it.

588
00:37:47,820 --> 00:37:52,150
That's an example of the different minds working
together.

589
00:37:52,150 --> 00:37:55,850
The first step is recognizing different people
are good at things.

590
00:37:55,850 --> 00:38:02,700
Students were super good at running the computer,
running the experiments, but they get lost

591
00:38:02,700 --> 00:38:05,130
in the math.

592
00:38:05,130 --> 00:38:07,180
And forget about the cattle.

593
00:38:07,180 --> 00:38:11,730
I was looking at a book on cattle breeding
the other day and it was all mathematical.

594
00:38:11,730 --> 00:38:18,520
Well, you go crazy selecting from reproduction
traits and cattle caught you're going to get

595
00:38:18,520 --> 00:38:20,600
leg problems.

596
00:38:20,600 --> 00:38:25,860
I was one who said we are getting collapsed
ankles, twisted feed.

597
00:38:25,860 --> 00:38:28,390
We better do something about this.

598
00:38:28,390 --> 00:38:31,050
They don't see it.

599
00:38:31,050 --> 00:38:36,090
We have to make sure educators don't screen
out different kinds of minds.

600
00:38:36,090 --> 00:38:38,750
I want to leave lots of time for questions.

601
00:38:38,750 --> 00:38:40,350
Medium finished early.

602
00:38:40,350 --> 00:38:54,340
Were not going to do questions and thank you
for coming.

603
00:38:54,340 --> 00:39:17,180
[Applause] -- We are now going to do questions.

604
00:39:17,180 --> 00:39:20,530
Thank you for coming.[Applause]
>> We will sit and converse.

605
00:39:20,530 --> 00:39:25,900
I will start with a couple of questions and
we will leave plenty of time for audience

606
00:39:25,900 --> 00:39:27,190
questions.

607
00:39:27,190 --> 00:39:28,680
Start thinking about questions.

608
00:39:28,680 --> 00:39:30,260
Their microphones in the audience.

609
00:39:30,260 --> 00:39:31,880
You can line up.

610
00:39:31,880 --> 00:39:35,780
Let me get this going.

611
00:39:35,780 --> 00:39:47,170
So, talk a little bit about, I have noticed
a common trend among inventors, perseverance.

612
00:39:47,170 --> 00:39:50,770
Inventors just never give up in the face of
failure.

613
00:39:50,770 --> 00:39:57,600
Talk about failures you have encountered,
how you have overcome them, and are you afraid

614
00:39:57,600 --> 00:39:58,600
of failure?

615
00:39:58,600 --> 00:40:06,970
When I was making my bird kite I experimented
with it, taping adhesive tape, I had half-inch

616
00:40:06,970 --> 00:40:12,540
adhesive tape and cellophane tape, I would
experiment with different ways of folding

617
00:40:12,540 --> 00:40:14,520
the wings and bending the wings.

618
00:40:14,520 --> 00:40:20,390
I had a parachute and experimented with different
ways to fix it so the strings would entangle.

619
00:40:20,390 --> 00:40:21,780
That is perseverance.

620
00:40:21,780 --> 00:40:24,860
Edison said, it's 1% inspiration, 99% perspiration.

621
00:40:24,860 --> 00:40:30,860
I had a project fail in 1980.

622
00:40:30,860 --> 00:40:33,300
I learned a real lesson from it.

623
00:40:33,300 --> 00:40:36,510
That's when I got over thinking engineering
can solve all the problems.

624
00:40:36,510 --> 00:40:40,320
In education, we give every kid a laptop and
that fixes education.

625
00:40:40,320 --> 00:40:41,320
It doesn't.

626
00:40:41,320 --> 00:40:49,000
It was an old plant and it's been torn down
now, pigs had to walk up to the third floor

627
00:40:49,000 --> 00:40:52,790
and they hired me to build a conveyor to take
the pigs up there.

628
00:40:52,790 --> 00:40:56,290
They sat down on it and flipped over backwards.

629
00:40:56,290 --> 00:40:59,580
I had to supervise coming up with torches.

630
00:40:59,580 --> 00:41:02,980
That was an unhappy time.

631
00:41:02,980 --> 00:41:05,340
But I learned an important thing.

632
00:41:05,340 --> 00:41:07,630
Looking at root causes of problems.

633
00:41:07,630 --> 00:41:14,350
You don't pick this fix pig genetics with
conveyors.

634
00:41:14,350 --> 00:41:17,920
-- You don't fix pig genetics with conveyors.

635
00:41:17,920 --> 00:41:23,780
It got me out of the mode of thinking I can
replace management with engineering.

636
00:41:23,780 --> 00:41:24,780
You can't.

637
00:41:24,780 --> 00:41:29,840
How do we teach children not to be afraid
of failure?

638
00:41:29,840 --> 00:41:35,860
They need to be doing a lot of projects, the
going to have to tinker with that bird.

639
00:41:35,860 --> 00:41:38,730
Couldn't buy the paper.

640
00:41:38,730 --> 00:41:45,830
I wasn't going to tell people to go to weird
websites.

641
00:41:45,830 --> 00:41:50,880
File folders don't work as well as rough surface
art paper.

642
00:41:50,880 --> 00:41:57,270
They might have to put masking tape on it
to rough in the service.

643
00:41:57,270 --> 00:41:59,880
They will have to experiment.

644
00:41:59,880 --> 00:42:02,840
I expected for hours.

645
00:42:02,840 --> 00:42:10,630
Let's begin by going to the audience.

646
00:42:10,630 --> 00:42:23,400
>> [Indiscernible-low volume]

647
00:42:23,400 --> 00:42:27,920
I am really into moviemaking in the movie
industry.

648
00:42:27,920 --> 00:42:30,240
Different types of people in minds.

649
00:42:30,240 --> 00:42:39,200
And fascinated with the fantastic beasts movies,
the new character confirmed he is on the Asperger's

650
00:42:39,200 --> 00:42:40,480
spectrum.

651
00:42:40,480 --> 00:42:41,510
My question to you is --

652
00:42:41,510 --> 00:42:43,850
There are lots of people in that field on
the spectrum.

653
00:42:43,850 --> 00:42:49,350
Half of Silicon Valley is on the spectrum
and they have avoided the label.

654
00:42:49,350 --> 00:42:54,810
Autism is an important part of who I am, but
being a professor and a designer comes first.

655
00:42:54,810 --> 00:43:04,660
In the movie I had those cattle pens, even
when I was in my 20s, the cattle came first.

656
00:43:04,660 --> 00:43:10,700
Also in that movie because it takes place
in the 1920s, it was before autism was properly

657
00:43:10,700 --> 00:43:12,820
diagnosed,.

658
00:43:12,820 --> 00:43:17,630
My question is what things in the movies would
you want to see as far as portrayals with

659
00:43:17,630 --> 00:43:21,140
people with autism or neuro- divergent minds?

660
00:43:21,140 --> 00:43:24,530
I like to show the things we can do.

661
00:43:24,530 --> 00:43:28,140
I think the emphasis needs to be on what we
can do.

662
00:43:28,140 --> 00:43:32,820
"Concentrate on the things your disability
doesn't prevent you from doing well."

663
00:43:32,820 --> 00:43:34,630
From Stephen Hawking.

664
00:43:34,630 --> 00:43:36,300
For me it's visual thinking.

665
00:43:36,300 --> 00:43:38,380
For others it may be programming and math.

666
00:43:38,380 --> 00:43:39,820
Those abilities have to be developed.

667
00:43:39,820 --> 00:43:44,620
The kid is not going to learn programming
if no one exposes them to it.

668
00:43:44,620 --> 00:43:49,050
There's a huge need for programming and skilled
trades.

669
00:43:49,050 --> 00:43:50,050
Good jobs that won't get replaced.

670
00:43:50,050 --> 00:43:53,820
That to get a lot more respect.

671
00:43:53,820 --> 00:43:57,760
I got that respect working on these giant
factories.

672
00:43:57,760 --> 00:44:01,680
For seven or eight major companies.

673
00:44:01,680 --> 00:44:05,640
Thank you.

674
00:44:05,640 --> 00:44:12,460
You gave wonderful advice and insight about
how education could be changed to better serve

675
00:44:12,460 --> 00:44:13,550
children.

676
00:44:13,550 --> 00:44:21,050
Do you have any words on how adults who were
not diagnosed as children but are who finding

677
00:44:21,050 --> 00:44:27,500
out as adults, how they can have a better
quality of life and productivity?

678
00:44:27,500 --> 00:44:35,680
Have a another book called different -- different
not less, 14 people all employed from low-level

679
00:44:35,680 --> 00:44:44,530
jobs to high-level caught doctors and veterinarians,
where the diagnosis help was on relationships.

680
00:44:44,530 --> 00:44:49,600
I am seeing too many kids who are smart where
it's holding them back.

681
00:44:49,600 --> 00:44:50,600
Driving.

682
00:44:50,600 --> 00:44:51,600
That is going to take longer.

683
00:44:51,600 --> 00:44:57,200
I was lucky that on my aunts ranch her mailbox
was three miles away on a dirt road so by

684
00:44:57,200 --> 00:45:00,590
the end of the summer I had 200 miles of driving
under my belt.

685
00:45:00,590 --> 00:45:03,040
Before doing traffic.

686
00:45:03,040 --> 00:45:07,720
Spending more time in totally safe places
like giant parking lots.

687
00:45:07,720 --> 00:45:14,640
Then you start doing suburban easy traffic
may be early morning Sunday.

688
00:45:14,640 --> 00:45:16,790
And then you do driver's ed.

689
00:45:16,790 --> 00:45:23,070
If I had learned to drive, I would not have
been able to do on the of my livestock stuff.

690
00:45:23,070 --> 00:45:24,950
Thank you.

691
00:45:24,950 --> 00:45:29,430
With self driving vehicles coming, who knows.

692
00:45:29,430 --> 00:45:31,080
That would solve that problem.

693
00:45:31,080 --> 00:45:35,920
They are quite here yet.

694
00:45:35,920 --> 00:45:40,960
We tend to have a lot of labels and put individuals
in buckets.

695
00:45:40,960 --> 00:45:46,030
I'm starting to see where we are sort of acknowledging
that instead of everyone being on one extreme

696
00:45:46,030 --> 00:45:48,180
or the other there may be a bit of a spectrum.

697
00:45:48,180 --> 00:45:49,560
Autism is a total spectrum.

698
00:45:49,560 --> 00:45:52,790
The brain could be more thinking more social
emotional.

699
00:45:52,790 --> 00:45:56,480
When does Kiki become a little autistic?

700
00:45:56,480 --> 00:45:58,940
Everything is the doctors keep changing the
guidelines.

701
00:45:58,940 --> 00:46:01,940
No one is doing that with tuberculosis.

702
00:46:01,940 --> 00:46:07,400
Either have tuberculosis or you don't.

703
00:46:07,400 --> 00:46:15,340
[Applause] What drives me crazy is I back
and forth, I go here, to NASA, Silicon Valley,

704
00:46:15,340 --> 00:46:21,370
one of my jobs, working with the skilled trades
people, they are all retiring in the can't

705
00:46:21,370 --> 00:46:22,370
be replaced.

706
00:46:22,370 --> 00:46:27,881
In certain parts of the country it's a problem.

707
00:46:27,881 --> 00:46:30,760
We need all the different kinds of mines.

708
00:46:30,760 --> 00:46:35,590
I was wondering, when we have the titles visual
thinker and spatial thinker can you be a strong

709
00:46:35,590 --> 00:46:38,550
combination of both?

710
00:46:38,550 --> 00:46:42,110
There are some people who are both.

711
00:46:42,110 --> 00:46:46,950
The thing is, when you get a label you tend
to have a bigger divergence between the thing

712
00:46:46,950 --> 00:46:50,060
you're good at and the thing you are bad at.

713
00:46:50,060 --> 00:46:53,010
There are some people who are able to do both.

714
00:46:53,010 --> 00:46:55,230
They are mixtures.

715
00:46:55,230 --> 00:46:59,910
But the super visual thinkers and the super
mathematicians usually don't do both.

716
00:46:59,910 --> 00:47:03,680
If there extreme on one of those traits.

717
00:47:03,680 --> 00:47:04,810
>> Thank you.

718
00:47:04,810 --> 00:47:09,230
One thing you said in your book is that it's
not necessarily the one is better than the

719
00:47:09,230 --> 00:47:15,690
other, it's that on the innovative team your
best if you have all sorts of thinkers.

720
00:47:15,690 --> 00:47:17,610
You need them all.

721
00:47:17,610 --> 00:47:21,240
My kind of mine is not going to touch refrigeration
or the boilers.

722
00:47:21,240 --> 00:47:26,310
We've got to have that and we got to have
a good foundations of the building doesn't

723
00:47:26,310 --> 00:47:27,310
fall down.

724
00:47:27,310 --> 00:47:33,500
You need to have the whole team.

725
00:47:33,500 --> 00:47:36,500
In the meat industry, we are very democratic.

726
00:47:36,500 --> 00:47:39,770
Everybody has a junkie office in the boiler
room in my history.

727
00:47:39,770 --> 00:47:47,360
I've gone to other places, all evening out
since your recording, or the engineers get

728
00:47:47,360 --> 00:47:52,869
the fancy offices in the tower and my department
is in the tunnel with the cable trains.

729
00:47:52,869 --> 00:47:54,630
Don't belong there.

730
00:47:54,630 --> 00:47:58,830
You're not going to have some of these projects
without us.

731
00:47:58,830 --> 00:48:00,990
Every time I see cable trays they make me
mad.

732
00:48:00,990 --> 00:48:04,310
I want to place four years ago.

733
00:48:04,310 --> 00:48:12,240
-- [laughter] Everyone has a bad office that
shakes and is noisy in the meatpacking plant

734
00:48:12,240 --> 00:48:15,760
and its next to noisy equipment that runs
the plant.

735
00:48:15,760 --> 00:48:17,970
That's where the work gets done.

736
00:48:17,970 --> 00:48:23,030
The drafting, welding, and the mass gets done
there as well.

737
00:48:23,030 --> 00:48:24,030
Offices are all horrible.

738
00:48:24,030 --> 00:48:31,610
We are very democratic in the meat industry
on our engineering teams and drafting teams.

739
00:48:31,610 --> 00:48:36,690
Other industries are not necessarily the case.

740
00:48:36,690 --> 00:48:43,730
I'm an artist who works here at the USPTO
and was diagnosed with ADHD late in life.

741
00:48:43,730 --> 00:48:44,890
What you do here?

742
00:48:44,890 --> 00:48:54,360
I'm a
patent examiner -- I did this.

743
00:48:54,360 --> 00:49:01,200
You made the cards?

744
00:49:01,200 --> 00:49:04,620
Climax -- [Applause] .

745
00:49:04,620 --> 00:49:06,320
Wow!

746
00:49:06,320 --> 00:49:11,400
My son is autistic.

747
00:49:11,400 --> 00:49:12,610
How old is he?

748
00:49:12,610 --> 00:49:13,830
Four years old.

749
00:49:13,830 --> 00:49:21,890
This is the problem: the kids are little there
are some it looked bad.

750
00:49:21,890 --> 00:49:23,800
I looked horrible as a kid.

751
00:49:23,800 --> 00:49:28,160
This is why it's important to do early intervention
and get them talking.

752
00:49:28,160 --> 00:49:34,840
Everything you need to do with your four-year-old,
always give them a chance to use his words,

753
00:49:34,840 --> 00:49:36,670
give them time to respond.

754
00:49:36,670 --> 00:49:42,420
When he makes a mistake like putting his fingers
in the mashed potatoes, calmly given instruction

755
00:49:42,420 --> 00:49:46,000
instead of screaming no and teach turn-taking.

756
00:49:46,000 --> 00:49:50,960
When I was four years old that was taught
to me with boardgames.

757
00:49:50,960 --> 00:49:52,290
Wait and take turns.

758
00:49:52,290 --> 00:49:53,800
That is super important.

759
00:49:53,800 --> 00:49:54,840
>> Thank you.

760
00:49:54,840 --> 00:49:58,680
I have a book, the way I see it,.

761
00:49:58,680 --> 00:50:02,230
Here's my question.

762
00:50:02,230 --> 00:50:03,460
Here's my question.

763
00:50:03,460 --> 00:50:18,340
The people who make decisions, decision-makers
, if I propose a project an idea

764
00:50:18,340 --> 00:50:26,680
I'm having a hard time hearing you.

765
00:50:26,680 --> 00:50:32,450
>> One of the things I've noticed specifically,
for visual thinkers, it's hard to make themselves

766
00:50:32,450 --> 00:50:42,170
understood.

767
00:50:42,170 --> 00:50:45,100
Explaining themselves.

768
00:50:45,100 --> 00:50:51,740
For example, I noticed that a lot of public
schools when they are teaching the arts they

769
00:50:51,740 --> 00:51:02,420
are doing it wrong, they are teaching it more
like arts and crafts instead of

770
00:51:02,420 --> 00:51:04,970
a profession.

771
00:51:04,970 --> 00:51:21,810
>> When I went to school, the

772
00:51:21,810 --> 00:51:24,760
teachers market my writing and corrected my
grammar.

773
00:51:24,760 --> 00:51:29,780
We are having a lot of problems with graduate
students, I've talk to professors all over

774
00:51:29,780 --> 00:51:33,580
the country about this, writing skills are
atrocious.

775
00:51:33,580 --> 00:51:37,070
Part of the reason is no one marked up the
copy editors at work.

776
00:51:37,070 --> 00:51:41,930
I have sat on flights and corrected Journal
articles for ninth grade English.

777
00:51:41,930 --> 00:51:47,000
I don't know what they are teaching in school,
the writing schools are terrible.

778
00:51:47,000 --> 00:51:52,450
One of the things that helped me was writing.

779
00:51:52,450 --> 00:51:57,030
The other thing is a visual thinker tends
to ramble.

780
00:51:57,030 --> 00:52:04,670
If I don't have slides, what I have to do
is give myself a checklist with bullet points,

781
00:52:04,670 --> 00:52:07,620
almost like a list of my slides.

782
00:52:07,620 --> 00:52:10,320
And then I can talk down that list.

783
00:52:10,320 --> 00:52:16,300
When I did my book thinking in pictures, the
editor about ripped her hair out, she didn't

784
00:52:16,300 --> 00:52:19,730
do any line editing, and she moved chunks
around.

785
00:52:19,730 --> 00:52:21,740
You have to stop the rambling.

786
00:52:21,740 --> 00:52:25,540
The way to do that is to make a tight outline.

787
00:52:25,540 --> 00:52:30,680
I don't do more than one doublespaced page
without having a subject header.

788
00:52:30,680 --> 00:52:33,480
You have to stop the rambling.

789
00:52:33,480 --> 00:52:35,390
Visual thinking is assaultive.

790
00:52:35,390 --> 00:52:36,630
-- Associative.

791
00:52:36,630 --> 00:52:41,730
Today I saw the shoe picture in the lobby,
was thinking about shoes.

792
00:52:41,730 --> 00:52:43,930
Had hightops came up.

793
00:52:43,930 --> 00:52:51,350
I had a white sneaker as a kid and now I'm
writing my bike wearing that white sneaker.

794
00:52:51,350 --> 00:52:55,230
Do you see how there is an associative link?

795
00:52:55,230 --> 00:53:01,470
Nine putting blank cards in the spokes to
make my bicycle sound like a motorcycle.

796
00:53:01,470 --> 00:53:05,430
You see how it is an associative link?

797
00:53:05,430 --> 00:53:10,150
When asked when how that works that makes
sense.

798
00:53:10,150 --> 00:53:12,240
How did I get to sneaker to a bicycle?

799
00:53:12,240 --> 00:53:18,260
I'm seeing a dirty white sneaker on the pedal.

800
00:53:18,260 --> 00:53:20,880
Thank you.

801
00:53:20,880 --> 00:53:30,880
Dr. Grandin, my question is what strategies
did your teachers and family use for you to

802
00:53:30,880 --> 00:53:34,190
become comfortable with social interaction?

803
00:53:34,190 --> 00:53:35,380
You have to make them do it.

804
00:53:35,380 --> 00:53:43,560
One of the reasons why, grand parents of job
engineer doesn't, grand parents were taught

805
00:53:43,560 --> 00:53:47,670
social rules and my generation was taught
social rules in a more structured way.

806
00:53:47,670 --> 00:53:54,310
A common thing in my generation, as soon as
kids were about seven years old, the family

807
00:53:54,310 --> 00:54:00,220
had a party, you have to put your good clothes
on, greet the guests, take the coat, serve

808
00:54:00,220 --> 00:54:01,220
them snacks.

809
00:54:01,220 --> 00:54:06,460
We did serve not -- obviously we did not serve
the alcohol.

810
00:54:06,460 --> 00:54:08,970
You were taught how to shake hands.

811
00:54:08,970 --> 00:54:09,970
How to stand.

812
00:54:09,970 --> 00:54:11,590
How to do it.

813
00:54:11,590 --> 00:54:14,750
That was done in a much more structured way
in the 50s.

814
00:54:14,750 --> 00:54:16,970
I was raised in the Northeast.

815
00:54:16,970 --> 00:54:18,160
Everything is teachable moments.

816
00:54:18,160 --> 00:54:21,270
And social mistakes are made they are corrected.

817
00:54:21,270 --> 00:54:25,420
No matter where I went grown-ups corrected
children.

818
00:54:25,420 --> 00:54:29,220
If I was messing up something in the store,
the clerk said only touch the stuff you're

819
00:54:29,220 --> 00:54:30,220
going to buy.

820
00:54:30,220 --> 00:54:31,740
They would give the instruction.

821
00:54:31,740 --> 00:54:35,900
I think some of this is 50s upbringing.

822
00:54:35,900 --> 00:54:41,640
I walked out of my very first talk I did in
graduate school, I learned to have really

823
00:54:41,640 --> 00:54:49,630
good slides or really good notes with bullet
points . If I panic I can go back to the notes.

824
00:54:49,630 --> 00:54:52,000
You got to do it.

825
00:54:52,000 --> 00:54:53,260
Thank you.

826
00:54:53,260 --> 00:54:59,420
And you need to be coached, like in a foreign
country.

827
00:54:59,420 --> 00:55:04,990
On that construction project in 1974 I showed,
I criticized some welding and said it looked

828
00:55:04,990 --> 00:55:06,920
like a pigeon dude on it.

829
00:55:06,920 --> 00:55:08,820
That's not socially acceptable.

830
00:55:08,820 --> 00:55:18,530
The engineer pulled me into his office in
the boiler room, and he quietly told me, that

831
00:55:18,530 --> 00:55:25,690
need to apologize for the rude talk I had
to go up to the cafeteria and apologize and

832
00:55:25,690 --> 00:55:32,651
he also told me that Whitey was the employee
and I should've come to him if I didn't like

833
00:55:32,651 --> 00:55:33,740
the welding.

834
00:55:33,740 --> 00:55:37,690
He explained calmly what I should do.

835
00:55:37,690 --> 00:55:47,060
He handled
it vertically.

836
00:55:47,060 --> 00:55:51,130
>> I would like to introduce myself first.

837
00:55:51,130 --> 00:56:04,410
My name is Gordon, I am somewhat on the mild
side of autism.

838
00:56:04,410 --> 00:56:06,960
I can relate to monopolizing the conversation.

839
00:56:06,960 --> 00:56:09,000
Do you work here?

840
00:56:09,000 --> 00:56:14,440
I am a student at George Mason University.

841
00:56:14,440 --> 00:56:16,280
What are you studying?

842
00:56:16,280 --> 00:56:17,280
History.

843
00:56:17,280 --> 00:56:21,160
The first thing I would recommend is you have
to learn how to work.

844
00:56:21,160 --> 00:56:27,080
I made a slow transition from the world of
school to the world of work.

845
00:56:27,080 --> 00:56:32,950
Ideally, when you graduate from George Mason,
I want you to have internships under your

846
00:56:32,950 --> 00:56:35,830
belt, jobs under your belt.

847
00:56:35,830 --> 00:56:38,920
You've got to learn how to do tasks with deadlines.

848
00:56:38,920 --> 00:56:40,660
You've got to be there on time.

849
00:56:40,660 --> 00:56:41,910
It super important.

850
00:56:41,910 --> 00:56:44,290
When I was 13 my mother got me a sewing job.

851
00:56:44,290 --> 00:56:49,080
When I went away to a fuss -- 28 special school
I ran the horse Barnes.

852
00:56:49,080 --> 00:56:50,980
I didn't do one drop of studying.

853
00:56:50,980 --> 00:56:54,680
But they made me go to classes.

854
00:56:54,680 --> 00:57:00,920
They were not going to allow me to be a recluse
in my room.

855
00:57:00,920 --> 00:57:04,870
Can't allow these kids to be addicted to video
games.

856
00:57:04,870 --> 00:57:06,650
There are bad outcomes.

857
00:57:06,650 --> 00:57:13,090
If you're studying history, what you might
want to do, try to get internships in that

858
00:57:13,090 --> 00:57:17,810
or just get a job somewhere that doesn't have
too much multitasking.

859
00:57:17,810 --> 00:57:21,840
I don't to stick you in a clothing store it
Christmas rush.

860
00:57:21,840 --> 00:57:23,790
Or McDonald's lunch rush.

861
00:57:23,790 --> 00:57:27,200
Too much multitasking and too hectic.

862
00:57:27,200 --> 00:57:32,620
But I strongly recommend each summer you get
a job.

863
00:57:32,620 --> 00:57:35,570
I think that is really important.

864
00:57:35,570 --> 00:57:39,240
My mother put internships together for me
before there were internships.

865
00:57:39,240 --> 00:57:43,260
I worked in a research lab with pharmaceutical
experiments on mice.

866
00:57:43,260 --> 00:57:44,920
I worked as an aide for an autistic kid.

867
00:57:44,920 --> 00:57:46,760
And I went to my aunts ranch.

868
00:57:46,760 --> 00:57:53,240
I'd been out there a couple years and my mother
said you have to do something else.

869
00:57:53,240 --> 00:57:57,190
Half the summer at my aunts ranch and half
at the research lab.

870
00:57:57,190 --> 00:58:00,340
So you are always stretching.

871
00:58:00,340 --> 00:58:02,630
Always doing stuff.

872
00:58:02,630 --> 00:58:12,050
>> Ask your question quickly and that is unfortunately
the last question from the audience.

873
00:58:12,050 --> 00:58:20,750
How can you avoid misunderstanding other people,
because sometimes I misunderstand my fellow

874
00:58:20,750 --> 00:58:30,340
students and other people and somehow I get
upset -- I get upset because I misinterpret.

875
00:58:30,340 --> 00:58:32,180
How can I avoid misinterpreting?

876
00:58:32,180 --> 00:58:36,600
First of all, everything you learn will be
specific examples.

877
00:58:36,600 --> 00:58:44,670
When Harley told me about the pigeon dude
do I learned not to criticize in that environment.

878
00:58:44,670 --> 00:58:51,090
I go to the boss of the employee.

879
00:58:51,090 --> 00:58:57,150
The thing is, it is learning specific examples.

880
00:58:57,150 --> 00:58:59,250
It's how the AI system works.

881
00:58:59,250 --> 00:59:03,090
The most basic AI system.

882
00:59:03,090 --> 00:59:05,110
Specific examples put in categories.

883
00:59:05,110 --> 00:59:06,900
How did I learn cats or dogs?

884
00:59:06,900 --> 00:59:09,350
I first sorted them by size.

885
00:59:09,350 --> 00:59:11,800
My neighbor has a docs in.

886
00:59:11,800 --> 00:59:14,520
I can't sort by size now.

887
00:59:14,520 --> 00:59:22,580
-- My neighbor had a docs and -- small dog.

888
00:59:22,580 --> 00:59:31,170
I had to learn to categories by shape of the
nose, bark and smell.

889
00:59:31,170 --> 00:59:37,290
The more stuff you get out and do, the more
you learn.

890
00:59:37,290 --> 00:59:41,300
Fill the database up and you have to relate
back to the database.

891
00:59:41,300 --> 00:59:44,280
That is how my mind works.

892
00:59:44,280 --> 00:59:45,860
That is also how AI works.

893
00:59:45,860 --> 00:59:49,400
I we learned about a couple years ago.

894
00:59:49,400 --> 00:59:54,780
Is the autistic brain.

895
00:59:54,780 --> 00:59:56,580
Thank you very much.

896
00:59:56,580 --> 01:00:02,480
Since we are the PTO I want to finish weekly
on innovation.

897
01:00:02,480 --> 01:00:08,740
In your book , calling all minds, you say
if you have ever wondered how America has

898
01:00:08,740 --> 01:00:13,570
been the forefront of so much innovation,
part of the answer is the very freedom our

899
01:00:13,570 --> 01:00:18,770
country is founded on which includes the freedom
to invent, to market those inventions and

900
01:00:18,770 --> 01:00:21,490
to protect the inventors ideas.

901
01:00:21,490 --> 01:00:24,680
It's really important to protect ideas.

902
01:00:24,680 --> 01:00:29,400
On the other hand, you can get to the point
where you're making nitpicking things.

903
01:00:29,400 --> 01:00:36,150
I think it's interesting when I look at the
models, overall visual thinking of inventors,

904
01:00:36,150 --> 01:00:44,260
as a visual thinker there are some patents
out there, especially some design stuff,

905
01:00:44,260 --> 01:00:46,880
things for lawyers to send out cease-and-desist
letters.

906
01:00:46,880 --> 01:00:50,460
And actually hold back innovation.

907
01:00:50,460 --> 01:00:54,860
Things like my grandfather's patent, the two
items I had on the center track restrainer,

908
01:00:54,860 --> 01:00:58,210
I should've panted that, it would've been
public domain anyway.

909
01:00:58,210 --> 01:01:04,860
But I would've liked the publication.

910
01:01:04,860 --> 01:01:08,880
On the other hand I remember reading and history
of patents when they were giving examples

911
01:01:08,880 --> 01:01:13,580
of years ago things that aren't patentable,
like slight changes on playing cards.

912
01:01:13,580 --> 01:01:19,870
I was in the hotel and thought what about
a scalloped edge on this mere.

913
01:01:19,870 --> 01:01:23,420
That Pat would be silly.

914
01:01:23,420 --> 01:01:25,590
Novel and nonobvious.

915
01:01:25,590 --> 01:01:32,830
A holder they have any airplanes hold your
tablet or your iPad, two different airlines

916
01:01:32,830 --> 01:01:35,910
have two different ones.

917
01:01:35,910 --> 01:01:39,700
They were very clever.

918
01:01:39,700 --> 01:01:42,860
>> The models she is talking about our upstairs.

919
01:01:42,860 --> 01:01:43,940
Even downstairs.

920
01:01:43,940 --> 01:01:44,940
Throughout the building.

921
01:01:44,940 --> 01:01:50,860
They are through the 1800s, they are real
models from the 1800s, inventors had to submit

922
01:01:50,860 --> 01:01:59,610
them to the patent office so examiners could
look and touch them.

923
01:01:59,610 --> 01:02:01,270
We don't require that anymore obviously.

924
01:02:01,270 --> 01:02:07,110
The other thing is, sometimes very basic foundation
pack wins are simple.

925
01:02:07,110 --> 01:02:10,190
I remember -- foundation patents are simple.

926
01:02:10,190 --> 01:02:16,500
The Xerox machine, selenium on the drum.

927
01:02:16,500 --> 01:02:20,840
Or the needle with the eye next to the point
for sewing machine.

928
01:02:20,840 --> 01:02:24,210
These are things where you can't design around
it.

929
01:02:24,210 --> 01:02:26,690
Sometimes the very simple things are difficult
to think of.

930
01:02:26,690 --> 01:02:28,450
I go back to my father's dimension.

931
01:02:28,450 --> 01:02:31,580
It's a simple device.

932
01:02:31,580 --> 01:02:38,270
In the 70s I went to the Corporation that
makes it and an engineer goes, it's a simple

933
01:02:38,270 --> 01:02:42,160
flux valve and stuck his nose up at it.

934
01:02:42,160 --> 01:02:46,600
I got really mad and said, those simple things
are not easy to think up.

935
01:02:46,600 --> 01:02:48,090
I will end with that.

936
01:02:48,090 --> 01:02:50,160
Please join me in thanking Dr. Grandin!