| 1. A porous glass composite material comprising a gel that comprises water and a polymeric network comprising an alkoxosilane
derivative, the network having a group of alterable charge, a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group, wherein the alkoxosilane
derivative is a derivative of an alkoxosilane having the general formula (OR1)3Si-spacer-Si(OR2)3, wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, unsubstituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkyls, substituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkyls, unsubstituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkenyls, substituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkenyls, unsubstituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkynlys, substituted branched and unbranched C1-20alkynyls, substituted, unsubstituted, and multiple ring aryl groups, and combinations thereof, and
where R1 is selected from the group consisting of n-(CH2)2CH3, n-(CH2)3CH3,—CH(CH3)2, —CH2CH(CH3)2, —CH(CH3)CH2CH3, —CH2CH(CH3)2, —CH(CH3)CH2CH3, OPh, —CH2CH2OH, —CH2CH2OCH3, n-CH2(CH2)16—CH3, n-O(CH2)3CH3, OCH(CH3)2, OCH(CH3)2, OCH2CH(CH3)2, OCH(CH3)CH2CH3, OCH2CH2OH and OCH2CH2OCH3.
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