| US 7,511,183 B2 | ||
| Tetramerization of olefins | ||
| Kevin Blann, Alberton (South Africa); Annette Bollmann, Henley-on-Klip (South Africa); John Thomas Dixon, Vanderbijlpark (South Africa); Arno Neveling, Sasolburg (South Africa); David Hedley Morgan, Sasolburg (South Africa); Hulisani Maumela, Johannesburg (South Africa); Esna Killian, Vanderbijlpark (South Africa); Fiona Millicent Hess, Sasolburg (South Africa); Stefanus Otto, Sasolburg (South Africa); Lana Pepler, Sasolburg (South Africa); Hamdani Ahmed Mahomed, Sasolburg (South Africa); and Matthew James Overett, Johannesburg (South Africa) | ||
| Assigned to Sasol Technology (PTY) Limited, Johannesburg (South Africa) | ||
| Appl. No. 10/539,517 PCT Filed Dec. 19, 2003, PCT No. PCT/ZA03/00187 § 371(c)(1), (2), (4) Date Apr. 05, 2006, PCT Pub. No. WO2004/056479, PCT Pub. Date Jul. 08, 2004. |
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| Claims priority of provisional application 60/509309, filed on Oct. 06, 2003. | ||
| Claims priority of provisional application 60/478379, filed on Jun. 13, 2003. | ||
| Claims priority of provisional application 60/435405, filed on Dec. 20, 2002. | ||
| Claims priority of application No. 2002/10339 (ZA), filed on Dec. 20, 2002; application No. 2003/4632 (ZA), filed on Jun. 13, 2003; and application No. 2003/7774 (ZA), filed on Oct. 06, 2003. | ||
| Prior Publication US 2006/0229480 A1, Oct. 12, 2006 | ||
| Int. Cl. C07C 2/08 (2006.01); C07C 2/32 (2006.01); C07C 2/36 (2006.01); B01J 31/18 (2006.01); B01J 31/24 (2006.01) | ||
| U.S. Cl. 585—513 [585/527; 502/103; 502/121; 502/122; 502/123; 502/125] | 38 Claims |
| 1. A process for tetramerisation of olefins comprising contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system which includes
the combination of
a transition metal compound;
a heteroatomic ligand described by the following general formula
(R)nA-B-C(R)m
wherein
A and C are independently an atom selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, oxygen, bismuth, sulphur,
selenium and nitrogen or said atom oxidized by S, Se, N or 0, where the valance of A and/or C allows for such oxidation;
B is a linking group between A and C;
the R groups are the same or different, and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl group,
a hetero hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and a substituted hetero hydrocarbyl group;
n and m for each R is independently determined by the respective valence and oxidation state of A and C; and provided that when the heteroatomic ligand is described by the following general formula
(R1 )(R2)A-B-C(R3)(R4)
wherein
A and C are independently selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and nitrogen;
B is a linking group between A and C; and
each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl
group, and a substituted hetero hydrocarbyl group,
any substituents that may be part of one or more of R1, R2, R3 and R4 are non electron donating and where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently aromatic, including hetero aromatic groups, not all the groups R1, R2, R3 and R4 have a substituent on the atom adjacent to the atom bound to A or C; and
an activator selected from the group consisting of organoaluminium compounds, organoboron compounds, organic salts, inorganic
acids and salts, wherein the organoaluminium compounds are selected from the group of compounds of the formula AIR3, where each R is independently a C1-C12 alkyl or a halide, aluminoxanes and modified aluminoxanes.
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