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USPC Consolidated Glossary - Alpha Sort
gGREENh PRODUCT - For class 425
Self-sustaining but not permanently set or cured, (e.g., unvulcanized rubber, etc.).
2DEG (Two-Dimensional Electron Gas) - For class 977
State of electrons in quantum well.
A ntisense RNA and DNA - For class 800
An approach for inhibiting functions of endogenous cellular genes which targets the gene"s messenger RNA rather than the gene itself. An RNA or single-stranded DNA molecule that is complementary (antisense) to the mRNA of the target gene is introduced into cells. This antisense molecule can base-pair with the mRNA preventing translation of the mRNA into protein.
A VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PUMP OR MOTOR - For class 060
Includes an expansible chamber and means to vary the volume of fluid admitted to or discharged from the chamber. The means which varies the volume of fluid will be generally either (1) means which physically displaces either the piston or working member or the cylinder or housing of the expansible chamber to vary the effective stroke of the piston or working member, or (2) means which alters the timing of the inlet or exhaust valve with respect to the piston or working member timing to vary the effective stroke of the piston or working member.
C 19H 29COOH. Contains a hydrogenated phenanthrene ring system. See also rosin*.
ABNORMAL PEPTIDE LINK - For class 930
Exists between a nonalpha-amino group of an amino acid and the carboxyl group - in position 1 - of an alpha-amino acid, or between an alpha-amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group - not in position 1 - of another amino acid.
The term gAbove Groundh denotes any point which lies outside of a hole being formed in the earth, this may be either in the open (e.g., on the surface of the earth) or a cellar, tunnel or other hole in the earth from which a hole is being formed.
See SORB.
ABSORBING MATERIAL - For class 376
See Neutron Absorbing Material.
The ability of a substance to retain or concentrate gases, liquids or dissolved substance (absorbate) within its bodies.
A partition member having relative movement with a cylinder or reaction member of which it is a part and moving incident to the expansion and contraction of the working chamber, the cylinder or reaction member not constituting the working member in this case.
ACCELERATION CONTROL - For class 318
Controlling the change of speed of an electric motor from zero speed to some running speed value and vice versa, or from one running speed value to another running speed value. Mere starting of the motor is not considered to be acceleration control unless the acceleration of the motor is controlled after the starting operation. Acceleration control includes deceleration control. Deceleration control differs from motor braking in that in deceleration control no means are utilized for applying an opposing torque or output force to the driving member of the motor. In deceleration control, for example, the power input to the motor is varied to decelerate the motor. See the definition of braking below. Mere stopping of the motor by opening the supply circuit is not deceleration control in the absence of any means to control the rate of stopping, but is mere stopping. For the distinction between acceleration control and running speed control, see the definition of Running Speed Control.
Agent which promotes an action, but does not necessarily cause the action. An example is a catalyst as contrasted with a reactant. In subclasses 696+ and 702+ no distinction is made between an agent which promotes or one which causes and a search for a compound used as a flocculant is the same as if the compound reacted to cause precipitation.
ACCEPTOR IMPURITY - For class 257
An atom or ion different from or foreign to, but present in, a semiconductor material and which has insufficient valence electrons to complete the normal bonding arrangement in the semiconductor crystal structure. An acceptor impurity accepts an electron from an adjacent atom to create a hole. Acceptor impurities are also referred to as p-type impurities. Common acceptor impurities in silicon or germanium are boron, gallium, and indium.
ACCEPTOR IMPURITY - For class 438
An atom or ion different from or foreign to, but present in, a semiconductor material and which has insufficient valence electrons to complete the normal bonding arrangement in the semiconductor crystal structure. An acceptor impurity (also referred to as p-type) accepts an electron from an adjacent atom to create a positive charge carrier (i.e., a hole). A donor impurity (also referred to as n-type) provides an electron to the conduction band of the semiconductor.
ACCEPTOR IMPURITY OR ACCEPTOR - For class 330
A material which when added to a semiconductor material in minute quantities, as an impurity, induces hole conduction, generally causing the semiconductor to be one of gP-type conductivityh.
The term gaccessh is intended to include a cutting means which (a) makes an incision (usually at a point adjacent either the stem or tip of the food) for the purpose of allowing the same means and/or another means to separate the core-pit* from the interior of the food; or, (b) impales the food (and, the place of entry of the impaling means frequently is used for the same purpose as the incision in (a), immediately above); or, (c) halves the food (and, once the food is ghalvedh, an easier gaccessh is obtained to separate the core-pit, seeds, inner membranes, etc.)
To obtain entry to, or to locate, read into memory, and make ready for, some operation, for example, regarding disks, files, records, and network entry procedures.
To obtain entry to, or to locate, read into memory, and make ready for, some operation, for example, regarding disks, files, records, and network entry procedures.
To obtain entry to, or to locate, read into memory, and make ready for, some operation, for example, regarding disks, files, records, and network entry procedures.
Any means of establishing logical or physical communication with a computer or communications system. Also, any means of obtaining the use of such a system or any actions that result in a flow of information involving such a system.
ACCESS CONTROL - For class 726
The prevention of unauthorized access to resources of a system or information system, including the prevention of their use in an unauthorized manner.
Devices not classifiable elsewhere and which perform no cleaning function but which are merely ancillary to machines, implements and attachments classified in this class.
A chemical compound which yields hydrogen ions when dissolved in water, whose hydrogen can be replaced by metals or basic radicals, or which reacts with bases to form salts and water (neutralization).
A dye containing organic acid groups, e.g., sulfonic, sulfamic, phosphoric, carboxylic, etc., or their salts. Acid dyes are commonly sodium salts of organic acids applied in an acid bath and used to dye wool, polyamide and silk. Acid dyes have the ability to be substantive to substrates with basic groups.
The effect, on the properties of a beam of light, by sound energy, interacting with the light within a volume of matter.
Acoustic charge transport
A metal of the group Actinium (Ac), Thorium (Th), Protactinium (Pa), Uranium (U), Neptunium (Np), Plutonium (Pu), Americium (Am), Curium (Cm), Berkelium (Bk), Californium (Cf), Einsteinium (Es), Fermium (Fm), Mendelevium (Md), Nobelium (No), and Lawrencium (Lr).
Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, E, Fm, Mv, No, Lw.
The state or condition of a material which has been treated or acted upon to enable it to function as intended. In general a change is effected which is discernible often only in the ability to perform such function. For instance, activated charcoal.
ACTIVATED SLUDGE - For class 210
Common term for an aerobic process of treating sewage with micro-organisms in which part of the settled sludge from the treatment is diverted and introduced into the feed of incoming sewage.
Denotes a physiological, pharmacological, or biological affect. AMINE Denotes a compound in which one or more of the valences of a nitrogen atom have been satisfied by a covalently bonded carbon atom.
The expression active as used herein denotes a plant growth regulating effect.
ACTIVE ANTENNA - For class 342
Part of the antenna which is directly coupled to free space and radiates electromagnetic energy into, or collects electromagnetic energy from, free space and is also directly coupled to a transmitter or receiver.
Sorbent form compressing carbon with either additive or porous structure enhancing sorbability.
ACTIVE ELEMENT - For class 331
A control device for exerting a control on a source of energy proportional to an applied control signal. A conventional triode, having cathode, control grid on anode, connected as a conventional amplifier, is an example of an active network, a control potential applied to the grid causing a flow of anode current, supplied by the anode biasing source, proportional to the magnitude of the control potential.
ACTIVE ELEMENT - For class 343
An element or network whose energy output is modified due to the presence of a source of energy in the element or network (other than the mere signal energy which passes through the network) or an element or network in which the energy output from a source of energy is controlled by the signal input.
ACTIVE MATERIAL - For class 429
The element, chemical compound, or composition which chemically reacts to produce a transfer of electrons through an external circuit.
The material, in which most of the atoms can be placed in an excited state (i.e., population inversion state), so that an electromagnetic wave of the proper frequency passing through it can stimulate a cascade of photons.
ACTIVE NETWORK - For class 330
A network containing a source of energy, or a sink of energy (i.e., a device for absorbing or dissipating energy other than that accounted for by the resistance of the components of the networks). Merely dissipating the heat generated by a resistance will not cause the resistance to be an active element. See Amplifying Device.
ACTIVE NETWORK - For class 333
A network containing a source of energy, or a sink of energy (i.e., a device for absorbing or dissipating energy other than that accounted for by the resistance of the components of the networks). Merely dissipating the heat generated by a resistance will not cause the resistance to be an active element.
ACTIVE SOLID-STATE DEVICE - For class 438
An electronic device or component that is primarily made up of solid materials, usually semiconductors, which operates by the movement of charge carriers - electrons or holes - which undergo energy level changes within the material and can modify an input voltage to achieve rectification, amplification, or switching action. Active solid-state electronic devices include diodes, transistors, thyristors, etc., but exclude pure resistors, capacitors, inductors, or combinations solely thereof. The latter category is characterized as passive.
ACTIVE solid-state ELECTRONIC DEVICE - For class 257
An electronic device or component that is made up primarily of solid materials, usually semiconductors, which operates by the movement of charge carriers - electrons or holes - which undergo energy level changes within the material and can modify an input voltage to achieve rectification, amplification, or switching action. Active solid-state electronic devices include diodes, transistors, thyristors, etc., but exclude pure resistors, capacitors, inductors, or combinations solely thereof. The latter class of devices is characterized as passive.
See Reactor Core.
Rate of metabolic or anabolic action, speed or efficiency. Mere suppression of competing strains is not viewed as increasing the activity.
The manipulation of handles relative to each other, so as to move jaws to engage work, within the limits of a predetermined range of jaw movement. (See the definition of gRANGEh hereunder).
The application of operating energy to a mechanism to cause the latter to perform its appointed function.
ACTUATION (ACTUATE, ACTUATING, ETC.) - For class 269
The application of (a) a bias (resilient or gravity), or (b) a mechanical advantage, or (c) the use of a lost motion mechanism to effect the relative movement of jaws. The use of levers, inclined planes, pulleys, gears, cams, fluid systems, etc., even where such means fail to produce force multiplication, or actually provide a force reduction, is considered enough to constitute actuation means rather than adjustment* means.
(See OPERATOR) The force input means to the closure for imparting movement thereto, e.g., an operator. The term is broader than goperatorh since a handle which does not move relative to the closure is considered an actuator.
A device comprising both a means for imparting movement to an element and a means for holding the moved element against returning to a position from which it has been moved. Thus, an actuator may comprise a servomotor, a mechanical power take-off from a motor or rolling wheel, a hand operated lever and ratchet or merely a handle and a bracket for holding the element moved by the handle in position. In the case of a mere handle actuator, however, the handle must be intended to be used merely to move an element to an adjusted position where it is held in place by a holding means. If the handle is intended to be used by an attendant so as to hold an element in intermediate positions by continued application of force by the attendant then the handle is not considered an actuator. See subclasses 329+ for devices with such handles. If the handle is disclosed as usable as an actuator to merely move and hold and, alternatively, also as a guiding means to move and hold by force exerted by the attendant then the handle is considered to be both an actuator and an attendant hold means and is classified accordingly in the first appropriate subclass and cross referenced down if necessary. A device comprising merely a means for moving by direct application of draft force is not considered an actuator. For example, an implement hitched to a tractor and provided with a latch and a movable hitch whereby the draft force of the tractor on the movable hitch moves an earth working element with respect to the implement frame and the latch holds the element in different positions is not considered to be provided with an actuator, as the term is used in this class. See subclass 605 for such devices. Also, a device comprising merely a screw bolt or the like is not considered an actuator, being merely a clamping or an adjusting means.
For the purposes of this class, gacyclich refers to an organic compound which does not contain a heterocyclic, nitrocyclic, or carbocyclic nucleus.
Denotes a compound which does not contain a ring.
Denotes a compound devoid of any ring-containing moiety. Thus an acyclic chain may contain any atom as long as it is not a member of a ring.
Denotes a compound devoid of any ring-containing moiety.
This term denotes a compound which does not contain a ring.
This term denotes an atom which is not a ring member. Figure 1 contains acyclic nitrogen while Figure 2 does not contain acyclic nitrogen
ACYCLIC BONDING - For class 532
As used in regard to bonding or attachment of specified moieties, this term denotes that the moieties are connected to each other exclusively by atoms and bonds which are not part of a ring. The compounds in Figure 3 show oxygen attached to a hetero ring by acyclic bonding. Note that the sulfur-containing compound also has nitrogen and sulfur attached to the hetero ring by acyclic bonding.
The compounds in Figure 4 would be excluded from a subclass requiring oxygen attached to a hetero ring by acyclic bonding since a carbocyclic ring is between the oxygen and the hetero ring in each structure.
Analog-to-digital converter
ADDITION AGENT - For class 164
In founding, any material, including principal alloying constituents, densifiers, fluidizers, graphitizers, grain size controllers, etc., added to the molten metal to produce specific effects in the solid metal.
ADDITION POLYMER FROM UNSATURATED MONOMERS - For class 428
Any multiunit chain which is the product of the reaction of unsaturated bonds in the units. The product may be the result of interaction of molecules of the same compound (as polyethylene) or of different compounds (as acryronitrile-styrene). Vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate are included within the scope of the term because the monomeric units are linked through the reacted unsaturated bonds and the ester groups are pendant - i.e., the units are not linked through the ester groups. (Nonstructural or Composition)
An agent added to a liquid being treated to either cause a desired result or to promote a result which would occur more slowly or incompletely without the additive. Catalysts filter aids, chemical agents, seeding agents, buffers are all additives.
Substance or a mixture of substances used primarily for purposes other than its nutritive value and added to a food in relatively small amounts to (1) impart or improve desirable properties (2) or suppress undesirable properties, and (3) may become a part of the food or be transitory in nature. (Compare ingredient below which in some instance may be an additive).
ADDITIVE COLOR A - For class 430
color (red, green, blue) when added to the other two additive colors produce white.
Data that represent or identify a source or destination. (also see: Data)
Data that represent or identify a source or destination. (Also see Data)
Data that specify a location in a memory.
Data that represent or identify a source or destination.
The joining of parts (a) by means of a separate glue-like material or (b) by rendering contacting surfaces tacky by means of solvent and/or heat.
See the Class Definition, section G, above.
An adjective describing the capability of two parts of being selectively held in different positions with respect to one another by some means other than an attendant. A mere clamp which cooperates with a member such that by loosening the clamp the member could be set in any desired position and reclamped (e.g., clamp and spike tooth) is not considered to be an adjusting means. However, any specific structure such as selectively usable apertures, teeth, slots, etc., for the purpose of permitting the selective change of the relative positions of two parts is included under this definition. Despite the above limitation on the meaning of gadjustableh if a claim emphasizes the feature of adjustability it is classifiable in an gadjustableh subclass even if structurally the feature comprises a mere clamp.
ADJUSTABLE INDUCTOR - For class 336
A passive inductor wherein the inductor device includes a movable element which may be adjusted to different positions or adjusted to vary its physical dimensions to change the effective inductance from one value to another. Examples of such movable elements are: a tap changing switch, a distortable coil or core, coil length varying means, a movable core and movable coupled coils. Inductor devices designed to change inductance (1) as a function of the current flowing through the inductor winding, or (2) in accordance with a magnetic bias applied to the core of the device, or (3) as a function of the ambient temperature of the device, and wherein no physical elements of the inductor are moved to effect such change in inductance, are not considered adjustable under the above definition. Such variable inductors will be found in subclasses 155+ of this class for magnetically saturable or high leakage reactance type devices and subclass 179 of this class for devices responsive to changes in ambient temperature.
The changing of structural relationships between members constituting the tool so as to vary the limits of jaw movement from one predetermined range to another. (See the definition of gRANGEh hereunder).
ADJUSTMENT (ADJUST, ADJUSTING, ETC.) - For class 269
The shift of a jaw or jaws into juxtaposition with work without the application of (a) a bias (resilient or gravity), or (b) mechanical advantage effective to press or grip work, or (c) utilizing a glost motion mechanismh. This shift may be (d) no more than a gquick settingh of a jaw of a particular device (e.g., the use of a split nut to initially position a jaw for gripping movement along a lead screw) or (e) a change of the range* limits (e.g., the use of a pawl and rack lock to initially position a jaw for gripping movement by a cam or eccentric). While the shift of (d) and (e) are both considered to be jaw adjustment only (e) represents a true variation of range limits; i.e., the full cam throw will move the jaw one inch (the range whether the pawl and rack setting provides a work accommodating span of three or ten inches).
ADJUSTMENT-LOCK - For class 269
The immobilization, or securing against movement, of structural elements constituting the means for jaw adjustment*. An adjustment-lock may be effected (a) by a shift in relative position of the structural elements being immobilized (as, for example, in subclasses 166-171.5) or (b) by positioning an additional element to effect the desired binding or securing. The immobilization, securing, or binding referred to may be only relative rather than absolute, in the sense that further movement or positioning of the structural elements requires the utilization of actuating* means. The adjustment-lock effected may in fact be limited to a one way latch or binding. For example, in some of the pawl and rack locks of subclasses 212-215, the structural elements, when said pawl and rack are engaged, cannot be further adjusted except in a direction favored by the inclination of both rack teeth and pawl; and similarly, in the simple cant type lock of subclass 166, the structural elements, when relatively askew, resist adjustment in a direction tending to further accentuate the degree of cant but are freely adjustable in the direction tending to reduce the degree of cant.
A material* which assists the action of another material*, especially an agent*.
See SORB.
The ability of a substance (usually a solid) to retain or concentrate gases, liquids or dissolved substances (adsorbate) upon its surface.
The forward movement of the tool into or along the work. Such movement is in addition to the drive movement (i.e., cyclic forward and backward or lateral motion of the tool). Included under this definition as apparatus functioning under the broad meaning of advance are means for causing, controlling, or selectively preventing the forward movement of the tool into or along the work.
Motion in a direction towards the desired depth or direction of a hole being formed.
Treating liquids, generally sewage, with micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen generally supplied as air or other source of oxygen but sometimes using residual dissolved oxygen. Best known method is gactivated sludgeh. The micro-organisms convert noxious materials to less noxious stuff, e.g., to water, methane, nitrogen oxides, carbon dioxide.
A dispersion* of a gas in a liquid or solid. A common example is silica-gel which is a light fluffy silica particle having a porous amorphous matrix. Cf. aerosol*.
A colloid system of a discontinuous solid or a liquid phase (dispersand*) in a gas or vapor continuous phase (dispersant*). See smoke* and fog*.
Auger electron spectroscopy
Refers to the effective material*, energy, or means which acts in the given context. A colloid system making or stabilizing agent acts to form or stabilize a colloid system; usually characterized by its tendency to collect at the interface between two immiscible phases and not to be confused with the material which constitutes the continuous or discontinuous phases, particularly noting that gas propellants for aerosols and foams are NOT colloid system making agents. A colloid system breaking, resolving, or inhibiting agent acts to dissipate the interface between two immiscible phases. The term agent also includes subcombinations of an agent composition, such as adjuvants*. (Thus, the term agent may apply to a compound or composition which may not be fully functional for its stated context, or its functionality may be greatly enhanced by another component which is not present.) Note that although a compound can be an agent, this class does not provide for compounds, per se. An agent may be physical or energy.
See flocculation*.
AGING OR AGEING - For class 148
Also termed precipitation hardening or strengthening. A process whereby the hardness/strength of a metal alloy may be increased by subjecting a supersaturated solid solution to elevated temperature to precipitate out a secondary phase containing the solute. Aging may also be manifested as a spontaneous increase in hardness at room temperature. Aging for a longer time than that corresponding to maximum hardness at the particular temperature is termed overageing. Aging after or during straining is known as strain aging. Maraging steels are a specific group of high nickel (i.e., greater than ten percent Nickel), low carbon martensitic steels which can be fabricated while in a comparatively ductile martensitic condition and later strengthened by aging treatment.
Brisk shaking, regular or motion, or to-and-fro movement of material or device to effect any one or several of many different purposes during road building, (e.g., vibration imparted to road aggregate for compaction, agitation of uncured road slab to provide a smooth upper surface or agitation of material to mix constituents). Individual subclass definitions must be checked for possible special limitations imposed upon the use of this term - e.g., subclasses 113 and 133.
A stirrer or a deflector.
Denotes an organic compound having the general structure C-OH wherein the carbon atom bound to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group cannot be doubled bonded to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium or triple bonded to nitrogen. The terms as used herein includes phenols.
Denotes an organic compound having the general structure C-OH wherein the carbon atom bound to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl group cannot be double bonded to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen. The terms as used herein include phenols.
A colloid system of a dispersand* (discontinuous phase), in a liquid alcohol dispersant* (continuous phase). Examples are metal oxides such as silica or rare earth oxides dispersed in lower and higher liquid alcohols. See sol*.
Denotes an organic compound having the general structure -C-[C(=O)]n -H or H-[C(=O)]n-H (n is 1 or more and wherein the carbon atom bonded to the-[C(=O)]-n group is not double bonded to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen.
Denotes an organic compound having the group -C(=O)H [i.e., -CHO] bonded directly to hydrogen or to an additional carbon,which carbon is not double bonded to chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), or triple bonded to nitrogen.
ALDEHYDE DERIVATIVE - For class 520
Denotes the following: A. Compounds having a X-CH
2 -OH group where X is other than carbon or hydrogen (e.g., paraformaldehyde, methyol derivatives of urea, etc.); B. Heterocyclic compounds having only carbon and oxygen as alternating ring members (the number of ring carbon atoms must equal the number of ring oxygen atoms). An example is trioxane, which is shown as Figure 1 at the end of the “Aldehyde Derivative” definition; C. Hexamethylene tetramine (i.e., urotropine) or derivatives thereof. Hexamethylene tetramine per se is shown as Figure 2 at the end of the “Aldehyde Derivative” definition. A derivative, for purposes of this definition, requires the basic hexamethylene tetramine ring structure, where substitution has been made for the hydrogens bonded to the ring carbons. Compounds having a -CH2 OH bonded to atoms other than C, H, or oxygen are regarded as being two compounds; for instance, a methylol derivative of melamine is regarded as a mixture of melamine and formaldehyde, and methylol urea is regarded as being a mixture of urea and formaldehyde. A structurally unspecified novolak is proper for this area in that it is considered as a mixture of a phenol and an aldehyde. If a novolak of specified structure is claimed as prepared from specific reactants, then classification is proper on the basis of the specific reactants.
ALDEHYDE OR KETONE CONDENSATION PRODUCT - For class 428
A resin resulting from the reaction of an aldehyde or a ketone and a polyfunctional active hydrogen containing compound, which, with the elimination of water, produces a chain of alkylidene units alternating with the residue of the hydrogen supplying compound. Phenol formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde and polyamino (e.g., melamine) aldehyde or furfural resins are within the scope of the term. (Nonstructural or Composition)
An aldehyde-type reactant is limited to an aldehyde derivative or methylol derivative.
Atomic layer epitaxy
Angle-lapping edge profilometry
Any material capable of inhibiting or destroying algal growth.
Denotes a carbocyclic compound not containing a benzene nucleus. Thus, decahydronaphthalene is alicyclic, but 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene is aromatic.
ALICYCLIC RING OR RING SYSTEM - For class 514
This term denotes a carbocyclic ring which is not a benzene ring or a polycyclo carbocyclic ring system which does not have a benzene ring as one of the cyclos.
ALICYCLIC RING OR RING SYSTEM - For class 532
This term denotes a carbocyclic ring which is not a benzene ring or a polycyclo carbocyclic ring system which does not have a benzene ring as one of the cyclos.
A metal of the group Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs), and Francium (Fr).
A metal of the groups Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium.
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr.
The metal elements of the first group of the periodic system, consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs.
The metal elements in group I of the periodic system consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs.
ALKALI-FORMING METAL - For class 204
A metal element chosen from the group consisting of the alkali metals (lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr)), the alkaline earth metals (calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra)), and magnesium (Mg) (included due to its similarity in properties to the alkaline earth metals).
ALKALINE EARTH METAL - For class 501
Alkaline Earth Metal is considered to be generic to calcium, strontium, and barium. In this class (501), magnesium is not considered to be an alkaline earth metal and compositions containing magnesium compounds are generally provided for apart from those of alkaline earth metals.
ALKALINE EARTH METAL- For class 075
A metal of the group Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), and Radium (Ra).
ALKALINE EARTH METAL- For class 420
A metal of the group Calcium, Strontium, Barium and Radium.
ALKALINE EARTH METALS - For class 423
The metal elements in Group II A of the periodic system, consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba.
ALKALINE EARTH METALS - For class 588
The metal elements in group II of the periodic system consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.
ALKALINE-EARTH METALS - For class 257
Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra.
This term denotes an acyclic carbon chain which contains a carbon-to-carbon double bond and is represented by the formula -CnH2n-1.
This term denotes an acyclic carbon chain which contains a carbon-to-carbon double bond and is represented by the formula -(CnH2n-2)-.
This term denotes an acyclic carbon or a saturated acyclic carbon chain represented by the formula -CnH2n+1.
This term denotes an acyclic carbon or a saturated acyclic carbon chain represented by the formula CnH2n-.
This term denotes an acyclic carbon chain which contains a carbon-to-carbon triple bond and is represented by the formula -(CnH2n-4).
This term denotes an acyclic carbon chain which contains a carbon-to-carbon triple bond and is represented by the formula -(CnH2n-3)-.
A union, possessing metallic properties of two or more metallic elements or of nonmetallic element (s) and metallic elements(s) which are not pure compounds and which are miscible with each other, which at least to a certain extent when molten forms a more or less homogeneous liquid having a metallic matrix and which does not separate into distinct layers when solid. Such combinations when solidified from a melt may consist of mechanical mixtures, entectics, entectoids, solid solutions, or in part of chemical compounds one or more of which may exist at the same time. Intermetallic compounds are considered alloys for purposes of classification. Note. The term galloyh when used in the various definitions of Class 75 is considered to include a gmetallic compositionh (q.v.) of the type that is found in Class 420.
A union, possessing metallic properties of two or more metallic elements, or of nonmetallic element(s) and metallic element(s) which are not pure compounds and which are miscible with each other, at least to a certain extent when molten, to form a more, or less homogeneous liquid having a metallic matrix and which do not separate into distinct layers when solid. Such combinations when solidified from a melt may consist of mechanical mixtures, entectics, entectoids, solid solutions, or in part of chemical compounds one, or more of which may exist at the same time. Intermetallic compounds are considered alloys for purposes of classification.
ALLOY JUNCTION - For class 257
A fused junction produced by combining one or more elemental impurity metals with a semiconductor. Typical alloyed junctions include indium- germanium and aluminum-silicon.
ALLOY JUNCTION - For class 438
A fused junction produced by combining one or more elemental impurity metals with a semiconductor. Typical alloyed junctions include indium-germanium and aluminum-silicon.
ALLOY TRANSISTOR - For class 257
A transistor in which the emitter-base and collector-base junctions are alloy junctions.
Any symbol found in the ASCII character set.
Any symbol found in the ASCII character
ALTERNATING CURRENT - For class 363
Alternating current includes pulsating current which is of such a character as to have the characteristics of alternating current (e.g., such as to be applied to the primary of a transformer to produce alternating current in the secondary).
ALTERNATING MOTION - For class 074
The intermittent movement along a path, first in one direction and then in the opposite along such path.
ALTERNATING-CURRENT COMMUTATING MOTOR - For class 318
A motor having a commutator electrically connected to a winding of the motor, the motor being designed to operate on alternating current. Such motors are sometimes referred to as gseries A-C motorsh, guniversal motorsh. See the definition of Repulsion motor above, and the definition of self-commutated impulse or reluctance motors below.
The use of a liquid metal to collect, to alloy, or to adhere a desired free metal without melting the desired free metal with heat.
Active matrix display
Alternative-metal, virtual-ground (metallization)
Denotes an organic compound having a nitrogen atom single or double bonded to a carbon atom and wherein the carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom is devoid of a double bond to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium or triple bonded to nitrogen. In addition, those compounds wherein the same nitrogen atom is bonded to a -C(=X)- group (X is O, S, Se, or Te) and to a carbon atom which is not double bonded to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, are not considered as being amines, e.g., -C-NH-C(X=)- Although amides may be considered chemically as amines, it has been found expedient for this class to exclude compounds containing only amide nitrogen herefrom. Therefore, as used throughout this area, the term amide is not to be confused as being an amine. A compound, however, which contains a nitrogen atom bonded to a non -C(=X)- carbon atom and which contains either a nitrogen atom bonded to a -C(=X)- group or an amide group, is considered as being an amine.
Denotes an organic compound having a nitrogen atom single or double bonded to a carbon atom and wherein the carbon atom bonded to the nitrogen atom is devoid of a double bond to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium or triple bonded to nitrogen. In addition, those compounds wherein the same nitrogen atom is bonded to a -C(=X)- group (X is O, S, Se, or Te) and to a carbon atom which is not double bonded to oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, are not considered as being amines, e.g., -C(=X)NH-CH3, etc. Although amides may be considered chemically as amines, it has been found expedient for these classes to exclude compounds containing only amide nitrogen herefrom. Therefore, as used throughout this area, the term amide is not to be confused as being an amine. A compound, however, which contains a nitrogen atom bonded to a non -C(=X)- carbon atom and which contains either a nitrogen atom bonded to a -C(=X)- group of an amide group, is considered as being an amine. An organic amine salt of a carboxylic acid has been classified as if it were a mixture of an amine and a carboxylic acid. An organic diamine salt of a dicarboxylic acid where the amine salt-forming groups are identical is considered as being a single amine compound, whereas, if the amine groups are different then they are regarded as two amine compounds. Where the amine groups contain two or more nitrogen atoms bonded to the same or different noncarbonyl carbon atom then they are to be regarded as polyamines.
Compounds in which at least one amino group and at least one carboxyl group are bound to the same carbon skeleton and the nitrogen atom of the amino group may form part of a ring.
AMINO NITROGEN - For class 514
Denotes any nitrogen in an organic compound other than a nitrogen in an inorganic ion of an addition salt, a nitro (-NO2) or nitroso (-NO). Component parts of an gadducth will be considered to be attached to each other ionically except if it is clear that the mode of attachment is nonionic.
AMINO NITROGEN - For class 532
Denotes any nitrogen in an organic compound other than a nitrogen in an inorganic ion of an addition salt, a nitro (-NO2) or nitroso (-NO). Component parts of an gadducth will be considered to be attached to each other ionically except if it is clear that the mode of attachment is nonionic.
Noncrystalline; having no molecular lattice structure; e.g., glass, liquid.
A term signifying a lack of regular crystalline order, much like the absence of long-range crystalline order in glass.
AMPLIFICATION, NEUTRON - For class 376
See Subcritical Reactor.
Electric circuit means wherein a variable electrical current or voltage input signal is applied to an electrical amplifying device to control a source of electrical energy applied to the same device and from which is derived an output signal of substantially the same wave form as the input signal and substantially linearly related thereto.
A unidirectional device that is capable of delivering an enlargement of the waveform of the electric current, voltage, or power supplied to it.
AMPLIFIER CHANNEL OR CHANNEL - For class 330
A part of an amplifier system in which a single signal path may be traced from a source to a load, and which path includes an amplifier as defined above. Such channel may be a cascade amplifier.
AMPLIFYING DEVICE - For class 330
An electrical transducer of the active type wherein the electrical energy supplied by one system (power supply) is controlled by the electrical energy supplied by another system (signal source) limited to the active transducer device element itself such as a vacuum tube, transistor, controllable gas tube, saturable reactor, variable resistive element, etc.. See Active Elements.
AMPLITUDE LIMITER - For class 330
A means in a circuit to limit the amplitude of the electrical voltage across it or the current in it to a value below or above a fixed predetermined value, particularly the former.
AMPLITUDE RANGE - For class 333
The ratio of the highest amplitude to the lowest amplitude of an undulating wave.
AMPLITUDE RANGE COMPRESSOR - For class 333
A nonlinear device having an input and an output, the amplitude range of the output wave being less than the amplitude range of the input wave.
AMPLITUDE RANGE EXPANDER - For class 333
A nonlinear device having an input and an output, the amplitude range of the output wave being larger than the amplitude range of the input wave.
AMPLITUDE STABILIZATION - For class 331
The correction for, prevention of, or compensation for an undesired change in amplitude of the generated waves of the oscillator from a desired value.
Treating liquids, generally sewage by micro-organisms which change noxious stuff to innocuous materials, in the absence of oxygen. Some solids are made into water and gases as methane, carbon monoxide, etc. A septic tank is an example of anaerobic digestion of sewage.
Of or pertaining to the general class of devices or circuits in which the output varies as a continuous function of the input (cf., gdigitalh below).
ANALOG CONTROL - For class 388
A control circuit utilizing analog, as opposed to digital, signals.
The compound or composition to be measured.
When used in a subclass title indicates plural basic subject matter of this class. And/or has not been used; see gORh.
ANGLE OF ATTACK - For class 416
The acute angle between the chord* of a working member* and the velocity vector of the working fluid* flow relative to the member. See Figure I.
A unit of length used to measure wavelength of lights and diameters of atoms or molecules. Designated by A and equal to 10-8cm.
ANIMAL CHARCOAL - For class 502
See Bone Black
ANIMAL MEMBRANE - For class 428
Material derived from an animal and found there originally in film or layer form, e.g., bladder,skin or scale. Glue or gelatin in a film form is not included here because neither exists in the animal as a layer or foil. (Nonstructural or Composition)
ANIONIC SUBSTITUENT - For class 510
Denotes that portion of an organic compound which is negatively charged in an aqueous solution at a neutral pH (i.e., pH=7) and is attached to the portion of the molecule of higher molecular weight by covalent bonding. Examples of common anionic substituents include carboxyl, sulfate, or phosphate monoester or sulfonate groups, as well as their salts, including betaines.
The inequality in shape and size between the two ocular images seen in binocular vision.
See Subclass References to the Current Class, above, for a subclass reference to the term ganneal.h
A single thermal heat treatment wherein the heating of a metal workpiece to a temperature results in improved formability.
An electrode which acts as the positive terminal of an electric discharge or which acts as the positive terminal of an electric field to cause a discharge or accelerate the electrons in an electric discharge.
An electrode which acts as the positive terminal of the discharge or which acts as the positive terminal of an electric field to cause a discharge or accelerate the electrons in a discharge. See the definition of cathode above, and the definition of control electrode below.
That part of a transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or to receive electromagnetic waves, such as radio waves.
A plurality of active antennas coupled to a common source or load to produce a directive radiation pattern. Usually the spatial relationship also contributes to the directivity of the antenna.
ANTENNA COMPONENT - For class 343
A portion of the antenna performing a distinct function and limited for use in an antenna, as for example, a reflector, director or active antenna.
ANTENNA COUNTERPOISE - For class 343
Structure of conductive material most closely associated with ground but insulated from or capacitively coupled to the natural ground, and aiding in the function of the natural ground, particularly where variations or limitations of the characteristics of the natural ground interfere with its proper function, and such structure being connected to the terminal of the signal receiver or source opposing the active antenna terminal.
ANTENNA COUPLING NETWORK - For class 343
A passive network (which may be resistive, inductive or capacitive or any combination thereof) for transmitting the signal energy between the active antenna and a source or receiver of such signal energy.
ANTENNA GROUNDING STRUCTURE - For class 343
Ground, or structure most closely associated with or simulating ground which is connected to the terminal of the signal receiver or source opposing the active antenna terminal, (i.e., the signal receiver or source is interposed between the active antenna and this structure), for establishing a reference potential level for operating the active antenna.
ANTENNA INHERENT REACTANCE - For class 343
This includes not only the distributed reactance of the active antenna but also the natural reactance due to its location and surroundings, as for example, the capacity relation inherent in the position of the active antenna relative to ground.
ANTENNA LEAD-IN - For class 343
A conductive means (transmission line, feed line) for conveying the signal energy between the active antenna and the signal source or receiver, and extending directly from the active antenna towards the source or receiver.
ANTENNA SHIELD - For class 343
A conductive or low reluctance structure, such as a wire, plate or grid which is adapted to be placed in the vicinity of an active antenna to reduce, as by dissipation through a resistance or by conduction to ground, undesired electromagnetic radiation, or electric or magnetic fields, which are directed toward the active antenna from an external source or which emanate from the active antenna.
ANTENNA TUNING - For class 343
Adjusting an inductance or capacity combined with the active antenna but distinct and separate therefrom, the inductance or capacity providing a reactance which combines with the inherent reactance of the active antenna to establish a resonance in a circuit including the active antenna, this resonance being at a frequency other than the natural electrical resonant frequency of the active antenna, adjustment of the inductance or capacity changing this resonance; or adjusting the length of an electrically long linear antenna to alter the electrical resonance of the antenna.
A protein of the globulin in type that is formed in an animal organism in response to the administration of an antigen and that is capable of combining specifically with that antigen. Abbr Ab. See also immunoglobulin.
Same as gtargeth or anode. Used in reference to X-ray tube anodes.
ANTIFERROMAGNETISM - For class 428
Antiferromagnetism occurs when the exchange interaction between neighboring atoms cancel each other, so the net magnetic moment is zero. Examples of antiferromagnetic materials are (Pt, Ir, Cr , and Pd) Mn alloys, and select transition metal oxides.
ANTIGEN - ANTIBODY COMPLEX - For class 436
The generally insoluble molecular aggregate that is formed by the specific interaction of antigens and antibodies. It is also referred to as the immune complex.
A substance, frequently a protein that can stimulate an animal organism to produce antibodies and that can combine specifically with the antibodies thus produced; called also complete antigen as distinct from a hapten. Abbr Ag.
ANTILOCK OR ANTISKID - For class 701
A process of controlling a vehicle to enhance the braking performance during deceleration of the vehicle by manipulating the brake pressure.
A process of controlling a vehicle to enhance the driveability of the vehicle during starting or acceleration of the vehicle by manipulating at least one of (1) brake pressure, (2) engine torque, and (3) transmission torque.
An undriven tool which, as disclosed, is designed and intended to react against work with sufficient force to enable an operation of the class type to be effected in some portion of the work. Note. An undriven flat-faced tool is regarded as an gAnvilh, even though work of a specific shape may be deformed into flatness against it.
A tool comprising a smooth-faced, imperforate member, the smooth face having the purpose of contacting the work and providing a reaction surface against which a relatively movable tool may abut in its work penetrating movement.
A nonactuated (fixed or adjustably positionable) tool having a face portion designed and intended to react against a driven member to restrict the movement of the material of said member in at least one direction during the driving of said member.
Atmospheric-pressure CVD
Avalanche photodiode
An aperture is an opening in the camera through which light passes in order to expose a photographic medium.
APERTURE PLATE - For class 352
A portion of the gate which confines the recorded image to a single frame in a motion picture camera gate or confines the projected light beam to a single frame in a motion picture projector.
APERTURE VALUE (Av) - For class 396
Aperture value is a logarithmic number indicative of aperture size.
APPLICAITON PROGRAM - For class 719
A computer program designed to perform a certain type of work, such as an application to manipulate text, numbers, graphics, or a combination of these elements. An application differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a language (with which computer programs are created).
APPLICATION PROGRAM - For class 709
A computer program designed to perform a certain type of work, such as an application to manipulate text, numbers, graphics, or a combination of these elements. An application differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a language (with which computer programs are created).
APPLICATION PROGRAM - For class 713
A computer program designed to perform a certain type of work, such as an application to manipulate text, numbers, graphics or a combination of these elements. An application differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a language (with which computer programs are created).
APPLICATION PROGRAM - For class 718
A computer program designed to perform a certain type of work, such as an application to manipulate text, numbers, graphics, or a combination of these elements. An application differs from an operating system (which runs a computer), a utility (which performs maintenance or general-purpose chores), and a language (with which computer programs are created).
A device by or through which heat, pressure, vibratory energy, flux* and/or filler* may be applied directly to the work*.
A coating tool or such a tool combined with a manually manipulable holder.
This device is the pivotally mounted front covering for a scoop adapted to pivot to an open position when loading and unloading and to a closed position when holding and transporting material.
A member closely adjacent to the cylindrical platen* of a typewriter that serves to guide a record-medium* into close contact with the platen. It is usually a thin sheet of relatively rigid material having a length dimension approximating the length of the platen and is arcuately shaped to approximately the radius of the platen whereby it conforms to part of the periphery of the platen. It is usually located underneath the platen and closely adjacent thereto so that the record-medium is guided between the apron and the platen to be partially wrapped around the platen. The apron may also serve as a mounting for feed-rollers* that cooperate with the platen to move the record-medium in a line-space* direction.
See hydrosol*.
A liquid containing water. Generally water is the major part as in blood, brine, milk, etc., but may comprise a substantial but not major portion as in a water-alcohol mixture of various proportions. Usually trace amounts of water are not considered aqueous.
ARBITRARILY VARYING - For class 329
Indicates having a future value which is not predictable from past values. (Arbitrary is the opposite of repetitious).
ARBITRARILY VARYING - For class 332
Indicates having a future value which is not predictable from past values. (Arbitrary is the opposite of repetitious).
A prolonged electrical discharge, or series of prolonged discharges between two electrodes, or between an electrode and a current carrying material.
antireflective coating
The finish around and extending away from a door or window opening.
The appendage emanating from the base* of the robot and running to, but not including the end effector*.
The moving element in an electromechanical device such as the rotating part of a generator or motor, the movable part of a relay, or the spring mounted portion of a bell or buzzer.
Denotes a compound which contains a benzene nucleus whether or not it is condensed with other rings.
Denotes a compound which contains a benzene nucleus whether or not it is condensed with other rings.
Either a device or a method of use of a device for performing the indicated process.
A plurality of tools or sensing elements arranged to be driven as a group by a common actuator.
Set of compounds maintained in a specified spatial distribution (e.g., in the wells of a 96-well plate, in pins held in a rack, or at the tip of optical fibers arranged in a bunch, etc.).
Arrangement of multiple units, usually ordered; array may be organized in linear, flat, or 3-dimensional positioning of the multiple units.
A discrete determinate three dimensional thing substantially in its ultimate use form, as distinguished from stock material (e.g., sheet, etc.) from which such articles may be manufactured. These articles are limited to subclasses 2 through 34.1, part of subclass 542 and subclass 576. (Structural)
ARTIFICIAL ATOM - For class 977
Quantum dot that confines a certain number or electrons producing an electron waveform structure quantum, which is mechanically analogous to an atom; alternatively used to describe hollow spherical fullerene, such as buckyballs filled with a dopant, etc.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) - For class 701
Computer emulation of aspects of human intelligence such as speech recognition, deduction, inference, creative response, the ability to learn from past experience, and the ability to make reasonable inferences from incomplete information. Examples of AI include expert systems, neural networks, and fuzzy logic.
ARTIFICIAL LINES - For class 333
Networks for simulating impedance characteristics of a smooth or loaded electrically long transmission line over a frequency range.
Denotes a benzene ring or a carboxylic ring system having a benzene ring as part of the system.
Denotes an independent benzene ring or a benzene ring which is part of a fused or bridged ring system.
ARYL RING OR RING SYSTEM - For class 514
This term denotes a benzene ring or a polycyclo carbocyclic ring system having a benzene ring as one of the cyclos.
ARYL RING OR RING SYSTEM - For class 532
This term denotes a benzene ring or a polycyclo carbocyclic ring system having a benzene ring as one of the cyclos.
A native magnesium calcium silicate. Asbestos is not considered to be included in the term gmetal compoundh for purposes of this class, but is included in silicon containing, unless specifically stated otherwise in a title or definition. (Nonstructural or Composition)
Arsenosilicate glass
Amorphous silicon
A brown to black solid bituminous substance either occurring naturally or obtained as a residue from certain petroleums, coal tars, lignite tar, etc.
ASSEMBLED SHOE - For class 012
includes within its scope the upper and sole when they are secured together. In shoe making, the upper including various parts thereof, such as the vamp, toe tip, quarters, linings, etc., are assembled and secured. The thus assembled upper is generally conformed to shoe shape by a lasting operation and attached to a sole. When the upper and sole are attached the product is known as a shoe in the trade. It will be noted that this term includes within its scope, (1) partially completed shoes, (2) shoes having outsoles and heels which are ready for wear, and (3) shoes being worn by their wearers.
The physical act of or means for juxtaposing, associating, integrating, joining and/or putting together, with or without securing, of machines, devices, and things (articles).
The act or operation of bringing into juxtaposition or contact a plurality of preforms (self-shape-sustaining objects) and/or joining said preforms, i.e., so treating one or more of them as to restrict their relative mobility. Note. The mere ordering, stacking, or piling of workpieces prior to a metal-deforming operation thereupon, or the similar handling of products, is not regarded as gAssemblyh for the purposes of this class.
Defect of vision caused by unequal curvature of the refracting surfaces of the eye.
ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE (AFM) - For class 977
Instrument with a nanosized tip that manipulates or detects based upon a separation dependency force between the tip and the object being manipulated or detected.
ATTACHED DIRECTLY OR BONDED DIRECTLY - For class 514
These terms are used to show that specified moieties are connected by bonds only.
ATTACHED DIRECTLY OR BONDED DIRECTLY - For class 532
These terms are used to show that specified moieties are connected by bonds only.
ATTACHED INDIRECTLY - For class 514
This term denotes that at least one atom, as well as bond, connects specified moieties.
ATTACHED INDIRECTLY - For class 532
This term denotes that at least one atom, as well as bonds, connects specified moieties.
As an exception to the other GLOSSARY definitions, patents which recite that (1) a cleaning or coating means is attached to an object which is cleaned or coated thereby or (2) that any device is attached to a cleaning or coating agency, have been classified as attachments regardless of whether they are machines or not, disregarding the relative superiority of these subclasses in the classification schedule.
Devices and networks consisting of one or more elements which exhibit only a positive resistance effect and which reduce the intensity of the energy passing through the device by dissipation, (1) the elements being proportioned to permit a change in their value to control the energy loss while maintaining substantially constant input and/or output impedance of the device, and/or (2) the elements being proportioned to permit the device to be inserted in the circuit to provide an energy loss without introducing any reflections in the circuit, and/or (3) the elements being combined with a long line or long line element, and/or (4) the device or network having an impedance equal to the impedance of a specified long line, and/or (5) the device or network is claimed as being particularly modified for use over a frequency band so that its characteristics are particularly related to frequency.
Devices and networks consisting of one or more elements which exhibit only a positive resistance effect and which reduce the intensity of the energy passing through the device by dissipation, (a) the elements being proportioned to permit a change in their value to control the energy loss while maintaining substantially constant input and/or output impedance of the device, and/or (b) the elements being proportioned to permit the device to be inserted in the circuit to provide an energy loss without introducing any reflections in the circuit, and/or (c) the elements being combined with a long line or long line element, and/or (d) the device or network having an impedance equal to the impedance of a specified long line, and/or (e) the device or network is claimed as being particularly modified for use over a frequency band so that its characteristics are particularly related to frequency.
Orientation of a vehicle with respect to a reference plane. An example in an automobile would be orientation of the vehicle body relative to the road surface whereas in aeronautics it may define the orientation of the aircraft relative to the earth.
Pertaining to frequencies corresponding to a normally audible sound wave. Note: These frequencies range roughly from 15 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
A procedure that involves preliminary quenching of austenized metal to a temperature in the lower bainite range, usually in a molten salt bath, holding at this temperature until transformation is complete, and quenching or air cooling to room temperature. If desired, a lower hardness level may be produced by including an additional tempering step.
A process of heating to an elevated temperature within the austenitic range.
The introduction via the vapor phase of impurities from an existing substrate region (and adjacent supports, e.g., susceptors, etc.) into another substrate region, typically during growth of the same.
AUTOMATIC CONTROL - For class 323
Includes means for sensing the existence of, the magnitude or level of, or a deviation of a predetermined condition (e.g., the existence, magnitude of change of temperature, voltage, etc.) combined with means for initiating the operation of a control means to perform a control function on the system upon the occurrence of the predetermined condition.
AUTOMATIC CONTROL - For class 363
Includes means for sensing the existence of, the magnitude of, or a deviation of a predetermined condition, e.g., the existence, magnitude or change of temperature voltage, etc., combined with means for initiating the operation of a controlled means to perform a controlling operation.
AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY STABILIZATION - For class 331
The restoration of the generated frequency of the oscillator to a desired value by sensing the deviation in frequency, in direction and amount, from the desired value and instituting a corrective action proportional to sensed deviation to adjust the frequency determining element of the oscillator in such direction and amount so as to return the oscillator frequency to the desired value.
AUTOMATIC STARTING AND STOPPING - For class 318
Starting, stopping, or the combination of these two operations is treated in this class as a single motor operation. Automatic starting and stopping (i.e., starting or stopping which is initiated in response to a condition) is classified for the most part in subclass 445 or in the subclasses specified in the notes to the definition of those subclasses. If the stopping control involves motor braking, then the patent is classified in the braking control subclasses. If the stopping control involves motor deceleration control, but not motor braking, then the patent is classified in the motor acceleration control subclasses. If the starting control involves motor acceleration control, then the patent is classified in the motor acceleration subclasses. See diverse motor operations for the classification where the system has means for automatic starting or stopping of the motor and also means for performing another control operation. Where the motor is stopped and then started in the reverse direction of motion, the patent is classified in the motor reversing control subclasses. See below, for a definition of Reversing Control. Where the motor armature or primary current is controlled during the starting and/or stopping period other than for acceleration, deceleration, or braking control, see definition of Motor Load Control.
AUTOTHERMIC DISTILLATION - For class 201
A thermolytic distillation operation in which the distilland, either by combustion of a portion of itself or by other chemical change, furnishes at least part of the heat for thermolysis and volatilization of either the inherent or the thermolized volatile matter.
AUXILIARY DISCHARGE ELECTRODE - For class 315
An electrode which is connected in the circuit so that the discharge is initiated between it and one of the principal electrodes, the auxiliary discharge conditioning the discharge space between the principal electrodes so that a discharge between the principal electrodes can be established.
AUXILIARY GRID - For class 330
Any grid, of an electronic tube other than the signal input grid.
AUXILIARY STARTING ELECTRODE - For class 313
An electrode designed for use in a discharge device having at least two principal discharge electrodes and the auxiliary starting electrode. The starting electrode is designed to be connected in the circuit so that the discharge is initiated between it and one of the principal electrodes, the auxiliary discharge conditioning the discharge space so that a discharge between the principal electrodes can be established. An auxiliary starting electrode does not necessarily differ in structure or material from any other electrode. Auxiliary starting electrodes are usually simple electrodes, a wire or rod, and are usually not formed from as heavy or strong material as the principal electrodes. Usually an auxiliary starting electrode is placed close to a principal electrode so that the discharge may be initiated between the auxiliary starting electrode and the main electrode at a smaller voltage than is necessary to initiate the discharge between the principal electrodes. The auxiliary starting electrode may be supplied with current only during the starting period or it may be supplied with current during the operation of the device so that a continuous discharge takes place between it an done of the principal electrodes to assure ionization in the discharge space so that the discharge between the principal electrodes may take place at the proper time. The latter type of auxiliary starting electrodes are also known as gholding electrodesh. Where a plurality of auxiliary starting electrodes are used, they may be spaced at intervals between the principal electrodes so that the discharge may first be established between one principal electrode and the nearer auxiliary starting electrode, then to a more remote auxiliary starting electrode and so on until the discharge is established between the principal electrodes. If a plurality of auxiliary starting electrodes are used, one may be placed close to each of a plurality of principal electrodes. In as much as the determination of whether or not an electrode is an auxiliary starting electrode depends upon the circuit connections to the discharge device, and this class includes only the structure of the discharge device, per se, only in subclasses 170+ (liquid electrode discharge devices) and subclasses 596+ and 601+ (gas or vapor-type discharge devices) is the classification based upon one of the electrodes being an auxiliary starting electrode.
AUXILIARY-OPERATION - For class 234
Any of the functions to be found in a selective cutting machine other than the selection* of tools, (e.g., tool actuation*, feed* of pattern or workpiece, change of code*, shift of control to or from a keyboard or pattern-senser*, starting or stopping of any portion of the machine, etc.).
AUXILIARY-RECORD-PROGRAM - For class 400
A set of instructions used in a programmed-control-system* of a typewriter, which set of instructions may be readily removed from the typewriter so that another set of instructions may be inserted into the typewriter to perform a different or a modified sequence of typing functions.
AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN - For class 257
A sudden change from high dynamic electrical resistance to very low dynamic resistance in a reverse biased semiconductor device, e.g., a reverse biased junction between p-type and n-type semiconductor materials, wherein current carriers are created by electrons or holes which have gained sufficient speed to dislodge valence electrons. Avalanche breakdown can cause structural damage to a semiconductor device.
AVALANCHE BREAKDOWN - For class 438
A sudden change from high dynamic electrical resistance to very low dynamic resistance in a reverse biased semiconductor device (e.g., a reverse biased junction between p-type and n-type semiconductor materials) wherein current carriers are created by electrons or holes which have gained sufficient speed to dislodge valence electrons. Avalanche breakdown can cause structural damage to a semiconductor device.
A wire lead coming from the end of and along the axis of a resistor, capacitor, or other component.
That imaginary line used as a center about which the bending of moving work occurs. For convenience in illustrating the application of the term to the deformation of planiform work, three such axes may be considered, all being related to the direction of work movement and to the disposition of a planar nonthickness surface (see Figure III-1). The three axes are defined as follows:
(A) X-Axis is a line both parallel to the direction of movement of the work and parallel to a nonthickness surface thereof.
(B) Y-Axis is a line both perpendicular to the direction of movement of the work (i.e., length) and perpendicular to a nonthickness surface thereof.
(C) Z-Axis is a line both perpendicular to the direction of movement of the work and parallel to a nonthickness surface thereof.
In the case of strand or rodlike work (i.e., wherein a cross section taken transverse to its length shows substantially equal width and thickness), corresponding or analogous axes are used for convenience.
Figure III-2 shows the product partially bent around a Z-Axis to form a transverse bend or the first convolution of a spiral coil.
Figure 111-3 shows the product bent around a Z-Axis and additionally deflected along the Z-Axis-of-Bend, to form a helical-coil from rod.
Figure III-4 shows the operation termed “levelling” wherein each successive work portion is deflected in alternation about a plurality or parallel Z-Axes, whereby each portion travels through an undulating path.
Figure III-5 shows the side margins of the work bent around the X-Axis to form a trough. Further bending of the side margins obviously form a tube.
AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION - For class 203
A separatory distillation of a liquid in which a substance is added to the distilland mixture in order to assist separation of its components by forming with one or more of the components a mixture having a minimum boiling point. (The art has also used the term for a distillation process in which two substances in the starting material are removed by their forming a minimum boiling mixture).
The bonding of active chips to a substrate using the back of the chip opposite the side containing active solid-state devices.
The back is that portion of a book formed where and when the sections of it are united by sewing, stitching(), or stapling. The term back is sometimes erroneously used to describe the portion of the outer covering member which encloses the back, but the term spine(*) is preferred for this portion of the covering member.
Means forming an extended surface against which a settable material is cast, e.g., troweled, spread, poured etc., the material when set forming a wear surface or facing.
This is a material handling machine which includes a boom pivoted to a vehicle, a handle or dipstick pivoted to the boom, and bucket or scoop pivoted to the dipstick with the open top of the bucket facing back toward the vehicle.
The book making operation referring to the step for making the back() of the book(*), wherein the back(*) has been previously sewn and glued, whereby the back edge of the sheets(*), signatures(*), quires(*), etc., which make up the book(*) are splayed outwards from the center of the book(*) and gives the back(*) a convex shape. This adds to the permanence of the back and provides an abutment for the boards in the book(*) covering member. Rounding and backing(*) are considered synonymous for purposes of the terms of this Glossary.
Any material capable of inhibiting or destroying bacteria.
See Subclass References to the Current Class, above, for a subclass reference to the term gbait.h
BALANCED CIRCUIT - For class 330
A circuit having its conductors electrically symmetrical with respect to a reference potential plane (e.g., ground). The potential between the two sides and ground are equal and of opposite sign. For example, a horizontal two-wire line may be a balanced line. See Push-Pull Stage.
BALANCED CIRCUIT - For class 333
A circuit having its conductors electrically symmetrical with respect to a reference potential plane (e.g., ground). The potentials between the two sides and ground are equal and of opposite sign. For example, a horizontal two wire line may be a balanced line.
A bond formed by a round, ball-shaped lead on a semiconductor device.
BALLISTIC TRANSPORT DEVICE - For class 257
An active solid-state electronic device in which an active layer is present through which carriers* pass, wherein the active layer is thinner than the mean free path of the carriers* in the material in that layer, so that carriers* can pass through the layer without scattering. Carriers* are typically injected into the ballistic transport layer as ghoth carriers*, having an energy, in the case of electrons, substantially greater than the minimum of the conduction band*, or in the case of holes, substantially lower than the maximum of the valence band. Ballistic electron injectors include heterojunctions, tunnel barriers, and punchthrough (e.g., planar doped or camel) barriers.
A species of cover in which the cover material completely encircles the contents in one direction only, such as girth, leaving the contents fully exposed on two sides or ends, and which is in frictional contact with the contents so as to be retained thereon. See gBINDINGh.
The difference between the energy levels of electrons bound to their nuclei (valence electrons) and the energy levels that allow electrons to migrate freely (conduction electrons). The band gap depends on the particular semiconductor involved.
The difference between the energy levels of electrons bound to their nuclei (valence electrons) and the energy levels that allow electrons to migrate freely (conduction electrons). The band gap depends on the particular semiconductor involved.
The width of a communications channel.
The range of frequencies within which performance, with respect to some characteristic, falls within specific limits. For example, the specified frequency range over which the amplitude response does not vary more than a defined amount. Bandwidth is commonly defined at the points where the response is 3 dB less than the reference value (0.707 root-mean-square voltage ratio). In broadband networks, the frequency range that a component, circuit, or system passes or uses. Also, the range of frequencies, expressed in hertz, that can pass over a given channel. For example, a television channel typically occupies a bandwidth of 6,000,000 Hz (6 MHz), and cable systems typically occupy 5-300 MHz or higher of the electromagnetic spectrum.
The peripheral natural covering of a tree*.
The width of one critical band.
A construction forming an extended indefinite surface preventing or inhibiting the passage of persons or things, e.g., wall, ceiling, floor, roof or cover.
A construction forming an extended indefinite surface preventing or inhibiting the passage of persons or things, e.g., wall, ceiling, floor, roof or cover.
A construction forming an extended indefinite surface preventing or inhibiting the passage of persons or things, e.g., wall, ceiling, floor, etc.
BARRIER LAYER DEVICE - For class 029
An electrical component consisting of two conductors placed either in contact with each other or separated by an interface layer to which contacts or terminals have been secured, which component has a nonlinear resistance characteristic, as a result of the electrical action of the interface between the two conductors rather than from the characteristic of the conductors.
BARRIER REGION OR LAYER - For class 257
A region which extends on both sides of a semiconductor junction in which all carriers are swept away from the junction region. The region is depleted of carriers. This is also referred to as a depletion region.
BARRIER REGION OR LAYER - For class 438
A region which extends on both sides of a semiconductor junction in which all carriers are swept away from the junction region. The region is depleted of carriers. This is also referred to as a depletion region. Not to be confused with diffusion barrier layers associated with metallization schemes for active solid state devices.
Barrier injection transit time diode. A bipolar or device in which a type of breakdown known as punchthrough occurs and wherein the punchthrough structure device is operable at microwave frequencies. In bipolar transistors a direct current path is formed from emitter to collector due to the formation of a depletion region throughout the base region and charge carriers from the emitter punch through to the collector. Carriers flowing from the emitter to the collector take a controlled time to pass through the depletion layer, leading to a controlled delay in current after a voltage is applied, and effective negative impedance.
A metal which is present in an amount of over 50% by weight in an alloy.
The surface upon which a coating is formed, except where a surface has been previously coated and a second coating is applied, in which case the initial surface is the base. Contrast with substrate*.
A member attached to the lamp or discharge device so that it may be attached to a supporting socket or supported on a surface. The base usually includes electrical connector means for connecting the lamp or discharge device in a circuit. Where the lamp or discharge device is provided with an envelope, the base is usually attached to the envelope, as by cementing, or the envelope is formed so as to have an integral base portion.
Unless otherwise indicated an element along which the resistance element extends to impart a rigidity or reinforcement to the resistance element not otherwise present.
A metal which is present in an amount of over 50 percent by weight in an alloy, or metallic composition.
That substance or material which has been covered or saturated or permeated, either partially or completely by another material. This term is synonymous with Substrate. (Structural)
The supporting structure for the arm*.
The electrical current that flows in the base terminal of a bipolar transistor.
BASE ELECTRODE - For class 330
See the definition of point contact or junction transistor above.
The region between the emitter and collector of a bipolar transistor into which minority carriers are injected by the emitter.
A basic or cationic dye will dye substrates having acidic properties, e.g., polyacrylonitrile, acid modified polyester, etc. They include diphenylmethane, triphenylmethane, xanthene, naphtroperinone, quinophthalone, quaternary ammonium group, etc., containing dyes.
BASIC INGREDIENT - For class 426
Principal constituent (except added water) of a composition considered to be the fundamental part and by which the composition is (usually) identified. Usually the basic ingredient constitutes the major portion of the composition, e.g., chocolate milk-milk is the basic ingredient. In those instances wherein a plurality of percentages of the ingredients are given that ingredient which constitutes 50 of the total composition (excluding added water) is considered to be the basic ingredient. The 50% may be determined by summing like ingredients, e.g., lactose, whey and butter fat are all lacteal derived.
BASIC RECEIVER - For class 348
A receiver for converting incoming electric signals into television pictures and the associated sound.
A properly proportioned mixture of raw materials to be delivered to a melting apparatus.
Mechanical means for introducing a batch to a melting apparatus.
A term of art for a web or sheet of material generally formed by random interfelting of mass deposited discrete fibers or from tangled or matted filaments, e.g., cotton batting.
A unit source of D.C. voltage consisting of a plurality of voltaic cells electrically connected in series, parallel, or both, to increase available voltage or power from a single cell. "Plural batteries" include a combination or association of two or more structurally dependent, or independent, battery units.
Two spaced electrodes provided with means to transfer an ionic current therebetween.
Barium bismuth copper oxide (a HTSC)
Bucket brigade device
Buried bit-line
(1) A small piece of glass fused onto an electrical conductor, (2) an enlarged rounded portion on an edge of an article or stock material, (3) small discrete particles of glass.
Flat, metallic leads which extend beyond the edges of a chip component like wooden beams extend from a roof overhang. Beam leads are used to interconnect a component to film circuitry.
An active element comprising a source of charged particles, means for concentrating the particles into a directed beam, means for exerting a control on the beam (e.g., beam accelerating electrode, control grid, deflecting means, slow wave structure, buncher type resonator, reflector electrode, etc.) and means for deriving output energy from the controlled beam.
BEAT FREQUENCY - For class 331
The resulting difference (or sum) frequency wave, among other waves, produced when two waves of different frequencies are combined in a nonlinear device.
A rotary device mounted behind or in front of the cylinder on a combine which strikes the grains.
Band edge discontinuity
gBelow Groundh denotes any point within a hole being formed in the earth from the point at which the earth is pierced by the means forming the hole.
A power transferring member forming an endless loop and constructed of flexible material or of articulated rigid links to permit the member to conform to a radius of curvature of a pulley* drive face and intended, in use, to be driven in an endless path; and, by contact with the pulley drive face, to transmit power to or extract power from the pulley.
Distortion of a workpiece by bodily moving a portion of it throughout its entire thickness relative to a second portion during which the thickness of the workpiece remains substantially the same and no significant plastic flow occurs.
Distorting or deforming of a workpiece or self sustaining body by curving or moving a portion thereof through its entire thickness relative to another portion during which the thickness thereof remains substantially the same and no significant plastic flow occurs.
BENZENE NUCLEUS - For class 260
Denotes the presence of a six-membered ring, all of whose members are carbons and containing three conjugated double bonds, thus:
This term includes in all cases except where there are explicit limitations to the contrary, substituted benzene rings, including substitution in the form of an additional fused or bridged ring or ring system.
This term includes, in all cases except where there are explicit limitations to the contrary, substituted benzene rings, including substitution in the form of an additional fused or bridged ring or ring system. Thus, for example, if a subclass reads: gBenzene ring bonded directly to the five-membered hetero ringh, the moiety bonded directly to the hetero ring may be phenyl, chlorophenyl, dinitrophenyl, naphthyl, etc. All that is necessary to satisfy the terminology of the subclass is that a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring be bonded directly to the hetero ring.
Beryllium aluminum silicate; Be3Al2Si6O18; 3BeO.Al2O3.6SiO2; emerald; aquamarine. Usually green.
BESSEMER CONVERTER - For class 075
A device having passages in its bottom (i.e., tuyeres) through which a gas containing gaseous Oxygen (e.g., air, etc.) is passed upwardly through molten metal or molten metalliferous material (e.g., matte, etc.) to treat the metal or material.
A gear having radial teeth extending in the same general direction as the rotational axis of the gear, but inclined with respect to the rotational axis of the gear.
Buried heterostructure
Buffered hydrofluoric acid
A direct current or voltage applied to an active solid-state device that establishes certain operating characteristics of the device.
Control, as defined above applied to control of bias voltage or current of an amplifying device. This is distinguished from signal feedback in that the bias control voltage or current has a smoothed average value which adds to or subtracts from the bias voltage or current and is unlike the signal feedback voltage which varies instantaneously with the signal at the point from which it is derived. See also, Bias, Bias Voltage or Bias Current.
BIAS, BIAS VOLTAGE, BIAS CURRENT - For class 330
In an amplifying device, usually, a steady D.C.. voltage or current applied between two electrodes usually referred to the input electrodes to form an electric reference means for the control means, which influences the current flow of an electronic tube or semiconductor device or the flux relationships of a magnetic saturable reactor. See also Bias Control and Power Supply.
Breakdown of insulator for conduction
Bipolar inversion channel FET
Integrated bipolar and CMOS
BICONTINUOUS EMULSION - For class 516
Type of emulsion wherein the aqueous or polar phase and the oily or non-polar phases are characterized as both being continuous. Commonly associated with emulsion polymerization.
BICYCLO RING SYSTEM - For class 514
This term denotes a polycyclo ring system which contains exactly two rings.
BI-DIRECTIONAL - For class 379
Capable of use, particularly in transmitting information in two opposite directions. Additionally, when used to describe an audio transducer, capable of conversion of sound both to and from electrical signal variations.
An active solid-state electronic device that contains both bipolar and field effect transistors.
A characteristic of an active solid-state electronic device that permits it to support current flow in opposite directions.
Integrated bipolar and MOSFET
BINARY COMPOUND - For class 257
A substance that always contains the same two elements in a fixed atomic ratio.
BINARY COMPOUND - For class 423
A chemical compound consisting of 2 elements only with 2 or more atoms; e.g., NaC1, FeC13, Fe304, etc.
BINARY COMPOUND - For class 438
A substance that always contains the same two elements in a fixed atomic ratio.
The embracing by means of a filament, strand or wire of either an accumulated bunch of articles, a series of coils, or a single encased package. It differs from banding in that no substantial area of the contents is covered, and the binder is usually tied, knotted, or twisted. Except where applied to a package for this class, (see subclass 138.6), the process of and apparatus for applying a binding is not here classified. See gPackaging and Binding Elsewhere Classifiedh of the Class Definition for binding, per se.
The disposing of a flexible filament, strand, or band taut and circumferentially closed about material.
Pertaining to the use of both eyes in the act of viewing.
BINOCULAR COORDINATION - For class 351
Fusion of the sight responses of both eyes, or correct space perception.
By means of a bacteria, yeast, animal or plant cell, or virus, or the parts thereof.
BIOCHEMICAL METHOD - For class 506
Process involving the use of micro-organisms, enzymes, vectors, or antibodies.
BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE POLYPEPTIDE - For class 520
Denotes polypeptide chains which have been built up primarily from alpha- or beta-amino carboxylic acids and which exhibit biological activity similar to naturally occurring proteins or polypeptides; such activity may be, for example, hormone activity (e.g., insulin, etc.), immuno-activity (e.g., antigen or antibody, etc.), antibiotic activity (e.g., bacitracin or bleomycin, etc.), or antiviral activity (e.g., interferon, etc.). Mere statements that a material demonstrates any of these activities is sufficient to create a presumption that a biologically active polypeptide is present. On the other hand, a material merely disclosed as a polypeptide which has been built-up from amino acids will not be presumed to have biological activity, and will be placed in Class 520 according to the disclosed structure and function as appropriate.
BIOMIMETICS or BIOMIMICRY - For class 977
Nanotechnology designed to mimic biological structure/processes.
BIONANOTECHNOLOGY (NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY) - For class 977
Branch of nanotechnology that uses biological structures, such as proteins, ATPs, DNA, etc., as building blocks of nanoscale devices. Sometimes called gwet-dryh technology, wherein the term gweth pertains to biological components and gdryh refers to engineered, inorganic nanoparticles.
An active solid-state electronic device in which both positive and negative current carriers are used to support current flow.
An active solid-state electronic device in which both positive and negative current carriers are used to support current flow.
BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR - For class 257
An active solid-state electronic device with a base electrode and two or more junction electrodes in which both positive and negative current carriers are used to support current flow.
BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR - For class 438
An active solid-state electronic device with a base electrode and two or more junction electrodes in which both positive and negative current carriers are used to support current flow.
A reaction motor propellant consisting of two separate substances (usually liquid) fed into the reaction zone separately. One of the substances is a fuel (e.g., hydrazine); while the other is an oxidizer (e.g., fluorine).
The lateral encroachment of the localized oxidation region associated with a recessed oxide isolation structure.
Certain crystalline materials have their outer electrons bound more strongly in one direction than another resulting in the material having two refractive indices depending on the direction of the oscillation. Such materials are termed birefringent and, if an unpolarized light ray enters such a material obliquely, it will be refracted into two different linearly polarized rays having directions of polarization which are normal to one another.
The property of dividing a ray of light into two polarized rays (known as the ordinary and extraordinary rays), the directions of polarization of the rays being at right angles to each other.
BITUMINOUS OR TARRY RESIDUE - For class 428
A composition or compound having the characteristics of a tar or pitch no matter what the origin. This term includes all asphalts, bitumens, pitches and tars from coal, mineral oil, cotton seed pitch and the residue from the destructive distillation of wood, and natural oil distillations. Carbohydrate 1) polyhydroxy mono-aldehydes and polyhydroxy mono-ketones, generally having the formula Cn(H2O)m and substances which are hydrolized to these. The term includes cellulose, starch dextran, dextrin, sugar, and lignin. (Nonstructural or Composition) Note. Wheat paste, which contains gluten, is considered polyamide.
Bipolar junction transistor
Barium potassium bismuth oxide (a HTSC)
A working member on the runner which contacts the working fluid. This member may variously be called a bucket, vane, pocket or float in the art literature.
A working member* which has a thickness dimension substantially less than its width or length, the thickness being generally uniform from edge to edge.
The acute angle between the chord* of any section of a rotating working member* and its plane of rotation. As the blade angle usually varies from the hub to the tip, the U.S. custom is to designate blade angle numerically as that angle occurring at 75% of the radial distance from the hub to the tip. See Figures I and II.
A discrete piece of material which is intended to be subjected to an operation of the class type.
See definition of intermediate-article*. (Structural)
A mechanism, incorporated in a metal-deforming device, intended to grip a blank prior to and during deformation thereof. (Often arranged to permit a desired amount of slippage of said blank in response to the application of deforming force thereto, thereby modifying the effect of the metal-deforming tools). See gClamph.
BLANKET MATERIAL - For class 376
A layer of fertile material placed external to core of the fission reactor. See Fertile Material.
BLANKING INTERVAL - For class 725
In television systems, the range of a composite picture signal containing either vertical or horizontal synchronizing information. This range is separate from the range containing picture information.
A type of shaft furnace specifically designed to reduce metal compounds (e.g., ore, etc.) to elemental metal using a combustible solid reductant (e.g., coke, etc.). The furnace is designed to operate continuously for a long period of time, with solid reductant, metal compound, and any other desired solid additive (e.g., flux, etc.) being continuously or periodically added at the top of the furnace and the resulting molten metal and by-product slag being continuously or periodically tapped from the bottom of the furnace. A gas containing gaseous Oxygen (e.g., air, etc.) is preheated (usually by the exhaust gas) and is injected into the furnace through tuyeres above the molten metal and slag level.
See syneresis.
A stitch in which the sewing thread penetrates only one nonthickness surface of a layer or component. See Figure 1.
Ball limiting metallization
BLOCH WAVELENGTH - For class 257
The effective wavelength of electrons in a semiconductor crystal, sometimes referred to as a wave packet or wave function. It can be an order of magnitude larger than the de broglie wavelength of electrons having the same energy.
A module whose depth is substantial relative to its length and height and which in use forms a stable load-bearing member.
A relatively large piece of material whose thickness is many times that of a web* or sheet* compared with its width. (Structural)
To restrict the passage, progress, or exchange of data.
BLOCK COPOLYMER - For class 520
A. The structure is given, i.e., a long polymer backbone has attached or coupled to one or both of its terminal ends one or more polymers at least three reactant units in length or; B. The copolymer is named as a block providing that the disclosure is otherwise silent as to its structure or if the structure is likewise given, it is consistent with that described above or; C. The structure can be ascertained from the following limiting process conditions (a) Treating a nonterminated solid polymer, that is, one which is terminally active or glivingh, with an ethylenic reactant with subsequent polymerization to form additional blocks. The process may be continued to produce higher order block copolymers. For example, treating dilithiated polystyrene with butadiene to yield an ABA block copolymer; and (b) two or more nonidentical solid polymer chain ends are coupled directly or through the use of a chemical agent. For example, the coupling of hydroxy terminated solid polybutadiene with hydroxy terminated polyethylene glycol terephthalate with phosgene.
BLOCK-TYPE COPOLYMER - For class 520
The structure is given, i.e., to a long solid polymer backbone possessing terminally active sites (i.e., functional groups), or that is a gliving polymerh is attached or coupled, through chemical reaction with those functional groups or sites, an ethylenic reactant containing one or more functional groups or sites; an example is to contact hydroxy terminated polybutadiene glycol with allyl isocyanate, or two or more identical solid polymer chain ends are coupled directly or through the use of a chemical agent. For purposes here, identical means those polymer segments which contain the same carbon backbone but differ in stereo regularity (e.g., isotactic, syndiotactic, atactic) optical activity, or degree of polymerization. Thus, coupling lithium terminated polystyrene segments with molecular weights of 25,000 and 100,000, respectively, with stannic chloride is proper for this area.
This expression relates to the surface area of food at the location of the natural attachment to the food of the flower or calyx of food such as a cherry or strawberry and may also include a small portion of adjacent skin; the expression is arbitrarily extended to include the tip or root of food such as a turnip or potato.
Shaping or forming an undefined mass of glass in a soft state by introducing gas within a confined opening within the mass, i.e., by inflating.
Forming a plastic mass or preform by introducing gas under pressure within the mass or preform.
BLOWN FATTY ACID - For class 516
Fatty acid treated to oxidize, commonly by passing (blowing) air, oxygen, ozonized air, or ozone through the material under mildly elevated temperatures. The process forms ketones from hydroxy groups and hydroxy groups at unsaturation sites. Process conditions also control the degree of polymerization and esterification reactions.
Oil treated to oxidize, commonly by passing (blowing) air, oxygen, ozonized air, or ozone through the material under mildly elevated temperatures. The process forms ketones from hydroxy groups and hydroxy groups at unsaturation sites.
A process of forming a protective oxide coating on ferrous metal.
Bulk micro defect
A sheet* in the form of a strip*, leaf*, or book* or any other article to be subjected to a process or apparatus of this class.
Buffered oxide etch
Used as a generic term for a liquid heater. The nature of the liquid heated is immaterial. Whether the liquid heated is conducted from the boiler as liquid or vapor depends upon the amount supplied and the degree of heat attained, and for this reason generally no distinction has been noted in the classification, similar structures being classified together regardless of the ultimate effect. In the type of boilers known as gflashersh this distinction is of importance and provision has been made therefor.
A securing element mounted on one part and having a portion or portions movable to cooperative engagement with a keeper on another part to prevent relative movement between said parts.
Uniting by adhesive means or fusion (a mechanical interlock is excluded).
The area, defined by the extent of a metallization land or the top surface of a terminal, to which a lead is or is to be bonded.
A metallized area to which an electrical connection is to be made. It is also called a bonding island or a controlled collapse chip connection.
A metallized area to which an external electrical connection is to be made.
Fine wire for making electrical connections in hybrid circuits between various bonding pads on the semiconductor device substrate and device terminals or substrate lands.
Solid residue from chafing bones - @10%carbon, 80% Ca3(PO4), used particularly in decolorizing sugar solutions.
Consists of two or more sheets secured together (a) only at their margins or (b) only at a restricted field within the margins or (c) only at their margins and at a restricted field within the margins. A folded sheet has not been classified as a book. When a margin of one sheet is attached to a margin of another sheet to obtain in effect a single sheet of greater area, the resulting article is still regarded as a sheet rather than a book.
consists of two or more sheets secured together, in the manner recited in the class definition of Class 281.
Two or more sheets* secured together only at their margins or at a portion thereof, in particular, the outside limit or edge and adjoining surface of the sheets. A single folded sheet is not considered to be a book; however, a stack of two or more folded sheets becomes a book when bonded together along the fold lines.
A book consists of two or more sheets() secured together either: (a) only at their margins; or (b) only at a restricted field within the margins; or (c) only at their margins and at a restricted field within the margins. When a margin of one sheet is attached to a margin of another sheet(*) to obtain in effect a single sheet(*) or greater area, the resulting article is still regarded as a sheet(*) rather than a book. A folded sheet is not considered to be a book. Book and bound book are synonomous terms and in both, a covering member has not yet been applied. See this Glossary for the definition of the term completed book(*).
This is a device comprising an elongated beam adapted to project from an excavating device for the purpose of supporting the excavating equipment and wherein the device is normally pivoted to a support.
An elongated member protruding from a mast, crane body, trolley, or other supporting structure and from which the load is suspended.
To start up a computer or the process of starting or resetting a computer.
The hole formed by the boring means. It is not limited to a vertically extending hole, but can extend at any angle into the earth.
The wall which forms the periphery of a hole in the earth. In the case of a lined hole the inside wall of the lining constitutes a borewall for purposes of classification.
A combination of parts comprising an earth boring or drilling device. It may comprise merely a tool provided with a handle for manipulating the same to form a hole in the earth, or a complex combination of parts including above ground structure for supporting, feeding and driving a tool for boring a hole in the earth.
BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATE - For class 977
State of matter occurring in certain materials at low temperature wherein particles behaving under Fermi-Dirac statistics, such as electrons, etc., behave like particles under Bose-Einstein statistics, such as photons, etc.; also occurs in superconducting materials.
BOSE-EINSTEIN STATISTICS - For class 977
Statistical distribution of boson particles, such as photons (light particles), etc., occurring between energy states.
BOTTOM-UP MANUFACTURING - For class 977
Manufacturing that starts with atomic or molecular particles and builds up; term is often contrasted with top-down manufacturing employing etching, deposition, evaporation, etc., associated with traditional semiconductor processes in which processing involves bulk addition or removal steps.
(From French; ball) A lump of material. In this class the term applies to the raw, single-crystal* product.
This device is a portion of a scoop which holds and carries the excavated material during transport. The scoop portion can be adapted to be used in connection with an apron, elevator, or ejector.
A receptacle-like member having generally-imperforate sidewalls and constituting that portion of a SEPARATOR within which the subdividing of material into two or more components takes place, or, at least, commences. Ordinarily considered as part of the member are such devices or structure as are either affixed thereto or integral therewith. The art term, rotor, is sometimes used to mean approximately the same as BOWL. (See the Class Definition, (2) Note and (3) Note, above, and see Subclass References to the Current Class, above, for a discussion of the phrase ggenerally closed.h)
Buried oxide
Buried oxide with etch stop
Borophosphosilica glass
borophosphoTEOS
A relatively long and slender temple supporting arm or arc substantially identical to the shape of the upper contour edge of a lens.
Somewhat salty, but substantially less so than sea water.
A baker"s kneading machine. In bread making gbrakingh is kneading.
Mechanism to selectively or automatically stop a moving part with respect to a stationary part.
BRAKE OR CLAMP - For class 225
A means for applying friction directly or indirectly to the work, the means as disclosed being intended to slow, stop or prevent work motion. Class 51 for device for feeding and severing strips utilized for manifolding.
Mechanism operable to stop a rotatable part with respect to a stationary part. If a brake is used as a part of transmission (i.e., in a planetary transmission to change gear ratio or direction), such a brake is classified with transmission control rather than brake control.
The slippage of a wheel caused by the braking operation during deceleration of the vehicle.
A sudden change from high dynamic electrical resistance to a very low dynamic resistance in a reverse biased semiconductor device, e.g., a reverse biased junction between p-type and n-type semiconductor materials, wherein reverse current increases rapidly for a small increase in reverse applied voltage, and the device behaves as if it had negative electrical resistance.
A sudden change from high dynamic electrical resistance to a very low dynamic resistance in a reverse biased semiconductor device (e.g., a reverse biased junction between p-type and n-type semiconductor materials) wherein reverse current increases rapidly for a small increase in reverse applied voltage, and the device behaves as if it had negative electrical resistance.
BREAKDOWN POINT/VOLTAGE - For class 257
The voltage value at which breakdown occurs.
BREAKER, COLLOID SYSTEM; BREAKING, COLLOID SYSTEM - For class 516
The effective material*, energy, or means used for accomplishing the act of breaking or resolving (i.e., destroying) a colloid system, such as agent* compositions specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in colloid system breaking. See emulsion breaker.
The start of current flow in a silicon controlled rectifier.
BREEDER MATERIAL - For class 376
See (a) Blanket Material and (b) Fertile Material.
An elongated member supported horizontally at two spaced points and which either serves as or bears a track or guide between the supporting points on which a load-supporting trolley or a traveling bridge is adapted to move.
The connecting part between the lens supporting members of spectacles or eyeglasses.
BRIDGE (-WALL) - For class 065
A hollow wall generally having an air space between refractory blocks from which it is formed and providing an opening or throat adjacent its bottom used in a tank furnace to separate a working end from a fining or melting zone.
A relatively concentrated salt water solution sometimes from wells or industrial sources and including sea water.
Defined as a fuel object, of a size suitable to be manipulated by a human hand, made, by consolidating, usually including pressing and shaping, smaller-sizes, loose, broken, comminuted or other divided carbonaceous powder, particles, chunks, lumps, fibers, sheets, etc.
BROWNIAN MOTION - For class 977
Stochastic motion of a particle suspended in a surrounding gas or liquid comprised of other particles, molecules, or atoms, which is in thermodynamic equilibrium.
A piece of conductive material, usually carbon or graphite, which rides on the commutator of a motor and forms the electrical connection between the motor and a power source.
Back side damage
buried storage electrode
Borosilica glass
Bias sputter quartz
Barium strontium titanate
BUCKET BRIGADE DEVICE - For class 257
A charge transfer device in which only a portion of the charge carriers (electrons or holes) at each storage site are transferred to the next storage site.
A securing means wherein either member is adapted to allow structure-to-be-secured () to pass therethrough, or wherein the members are adapted to allow structure-to-be-secured(*) to pass completely therebetween in a path generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the members. Buckles are designed to adjustably secure belts, bands, or similar longitudinal articles and generally operate by having one end of the belt band, etc., fixed securely to one end of the buckle with another frictionally or resiliently securing the belt, band, etc., or by passing through a provided for aperture in the belt, band, etc., and generally also has two connected, relatively movable members.
BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE or BUCKYBALL - For class 977
Soccer-ball-shaped form of fullerene (C60).
A device in which data are stored temporarily, in the course of transmission from one point to another and used to compensate for a difference in the flow of data or time of occurrence of events when transmitting data from one device to another. Also, the act of such temporary storage of data.
BULK DEPOSITION OF PARTICULATE MATERIAL - For class 156
The fluent delivery of a stream of separate loose pieces onto a receiving surface. The relative size of the pieces is not significant, rather it is the manner in which they are handled, as a mass or stream rather than each particle being individually manipulated.
A mass or pile of stock material lacking any shape that contributes to a final shape after molding. Bulk material may have a definite shape but it must not contribute its shape to a final desired form.
BULK-CHANNEL CCD - For class 257
A charge coupled device in which charge is stored and transferred below the surface of the device.
BULK-EFFECT DEVICE - For class 257
An active solid-state device made up of a semiconductor material whose electrical characteristics and electronic properties are exhibited throughout the entire body of the material, rather than in just a localized region thereof, e.g., the surface.
A term used to describe, typically, solder bumps on a chip or substrate which are found on only one side of the chip or substrate as, for example, on a flip-chip.
BURIED CHANNEL CCD - For class 257
See BULK-CHANNEL CCD.
BURNABLE POISON - For class 376
A substance with high neutron capture cross section which has a capture reaction product of low capture cross section and which is purposely put in a fission reactor to influence the long term reactivity variations.
Term generic to gburner assemblyh, gburner headh and gflame holderh.
BURNER ASSEMBLY - For class 431
A unitary device or fixture including a flame holder and associated feeding or supporting elements.
A device by which fluent fuel is passed to a combustion space where it forms a flame projecting from the device.
Also called reference burst, the portion of the composite or noncomposite color-picture signal, comprising a few cycles of a sine wave of chrominance subcarrier frequency, that is used to establish a reference for demodulating the chrominance signal.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
A conductor used for transferring data, signals, or power.
BY-PRODUCT MATERIALS - For class 376
Are nuclear reaction products (except special nuclear fuel material (see Nuclear Fuel) including gases yielded in or made radioactive by exposure to the radiation incident to the process of producing or utilizing special nuclear fuel in the nuclear reaction.
A flexible connector such as a rope, chain or the like.
An elongated, flexible assembly of two or more elongated conductors intended to transmit electricity from one end to the other, the conductors being electrically insulated from one another but physically held together in association with one another. Note. The two or more physically associated but mutually insulated conductors are usually further enclosed within an outer protective or insulating covering or sheath. Note. A stranded, wire-type conductor is considered to be a single conductor.
A transmission line or group of transmission lines mechanically assembled into a complex flexible form. Note: The conductors are insulated and are closely spaced and usually have a common outer cover which may be an electric portion of the cable. In communication cables, an insulated conductor or combination of electric conductors that are insulated from each other. A shield is usually provided. Further, an assembly of one or more conductors within an enveloping protective sheath, constructed to allow use of the conductors separately or in groups, such as a coaxial cable or optical cable.
A flaccid, elongated, flexible element which can transmit force only when under tension (e.g., rope, wire, chain).
Chemically assisted ion beam etching
CALCULATING OPERATION: - For class 700
Arithmetic and or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values.
CALCULATING OPERATIONS - For class 701
Arithmetic and/or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values.
CALCULATING OPERATIONS - For class 702
Arithmetic or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values.
CALCULATING OPERATIONS - For class 705
Arithmetic or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values.
CALCULATION OPERATIONS - For class 708
Arithmetic or some limited logic operations performed upon or with signals representing numbers or values. These include arithmetic and related logic operations. A related logic operation is one that is associated with arithmetic computations.
CALL ADDRESS SIGNAL - For class 379
An electrical representation of a called terminal designation (i.e., telephone number) which controls switching apparatus to establish a connection from a calling terminal.
CAM, ECCENTRIC - For class 269
A rotatable, pivotal or rockable member having a contour, which contour is not uniformly concentric with the pivotal or rotational axis of the member, and which contour, as it moves with respect to said axis, imparts a to-and-fro movement to a follower element bearing against said contour. The movement of said follower element, as the point of mutual contact between the member and the element shifts along the contour, is thus prescribed by the configuration of said contour with respect to the axis of rotation. The contour may be a modification of a peripheral or radial surface with respect to the pivotal or rotational axis or a configured groove, ridge or slot lying in the general plane of either surface. Thus, the effective movement of a follower element, caused by pivoting or rocking the cam member, is measurable along lines normal to the member axis or parallel to the member axis. The follower element is usually mounted for sliding or pivoting movement with respect to the cam member. In some instances, the contour, referred to above, is part of the follower element. In this class, the terms gcamh and geccentrich are used interchangeably. See (3) Note under subclass 165 and (1) Note under subclass 229 for wedge adjustment and wedge actuating means.
A camera is a device which, when actuated, uses light to record an image of an object which may be chemically developable to become visible. It generally includes (a) a light-tight enclosure, (b) a lens for forming an image of an object at an image plane, (c) a holder for a photographic medium at the image plane, (d) a device to control the light flux reaching the photographic medium, and (e) an opaque device selectively operable to pass light to a photographic medium for a period of time. See References to Other Classes, above (e.g., Classes 250 and 378), for information regarding picture-making devices of diverse energy spectra.
CAMERA STRUCTURE - For class 396
Camera structure is that subcombination of a camera not otherwise provided for in another class.
CAMERA, MOTION PICTURE - For class 352
A device for photographically recording periodically a series of images of an object upon a single actuation.
The property of a capacitor to store and hold an electric charge and which is equivalent to the ratio of the equivalent charge stored in the capacitor to the resultant change of potential.
A component used in electrical and electronic circuits which stores a charge of electricity, usually for very brief periods of time, with the ability to rapidly charge and discharge. A capacitor is usually considered a passive component since it does not rectify, amplify, or switch and because charge carriers do not undergo energy level changes therein, although some active solid-state devices function as voltage variable capacitors.
An electrical energy storage device consisting essentially of two electrically conductive surfaces (e.g., plates, electrodes, etc.) separated by an insulator or dielectric (e.g., air, paper, mica glass, plastic, oil, etc.), whereby an electric charge, in the form of a direct voltage between said conductive surfaces, can be either stored on said surfaces or released therefrom to a load. "Plural capacitors" include a combination or association of two or more structurally dependent, or independent, capacitor units.
That property of a system of conductors and dielectrics used to secure an appreciable capacitance by allowing the storage of electricity when a potential difference exists between the conductors. There must be at least two or more conductors separated by a dielectric.
A component used in electrical and electronic circuits which stores a charge of electricity, usually for very brief periods of time, with the ability to rapidly charge and discharge. A capacitor is usually considered a passive component since it does not rectify, amplify, or switch and because charge carriers do not undergo energy level changes therein, although some active solid state devices function as voltage variable capacitors.
Intentionally stopping the rimming action in steel after completion of teeming.
CAPTURE ELEMENT - For class 073
That structure which physically contacts the source to separate it into sample and residue portions.
A compound based on carbamic acid, NH 2COOH, in the form of its salts and derivatives.
Denotes the presence of one or more rings, none of which is a heterocyclic or a nitrocyclic ring, of which the ring members of at least one ring are all carbons.
This term denotes a ring or ring system where all ring members are carbons.
This term denotes a ring or ring system where all ring members are carbons.
Compound, the monomeric units of which contain at least five carbon atoms, and their reaction products wherein the carbon skeleton of carbohydrate unit is not destroyed. Alcohols and acids corresponding to carbohydrates, such as, sorbitol ascorbic acid, or mannonic acid are not considered as being carbohydrates.
Polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones which frequently have the empirical formula (CH2O)n and their derivatives, frequently termed saccharides; common forms are monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
CARBOHYDRATE A - For class 430
polyhydroxy mono-aldehyde and a polyhydroxy mono-ketone, generally having the formula C (H2O) and substances which are hydrolyzed to these. The term includes cellulose, starch, dextran, and sugar.
CARBOHYDRATE DERIVATIVE - For class 520
Denotes reaction products of carbohydrates wherein the carbon skeleton of the carbohydrate is not destroyed. Included herein are cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, cellulose ethers, viscose, cellulose xanthate, chitin, etc.
CARBOHYDRATE; CARBOHYDRATE-DERIVATIVE - For class 516
Carbohydrates are compounds which are saccharides whose monomeric units are polyhydroxy mono-aldehydes or polyhydroxy mono-ketones, having the formula Cn(H2O)n, where n is five or six, or the corresponding cyclic hemiacetals thereof. Carbohydrate-derivatives maintain the carbon skeleton and the carbonyl function or hemi-acetal function of the saccharide. See section LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection Glossary References, for additional information concerning this definition.
Denotes polyhydroxy aldehydes (i.e., aldoses) and polyhydroxy ketones (i.e., ketoses) of the empirical formula Cx(H2O)x where x is five or more; and substances hydrolyzable to said polyhydroxy (aldehydes or ketones). Included herein for example are the following: (a) monosaccharide sugars such as pentoses (e.g., arabinose, arabinulose, etc.) hexoses (e.g., glucose, levulose, etc.) and the heptoses (e.g., mannoheptose, etc.); (b) disaccharides (e.g., lactose, maltose, sucrose, cellobiose, etc.); (c) trisaccharides (e.g., raffinose, etc.); (d) polysaccharides (e.g., starches, celluloses, dextrins, hemicelluloses, glycogen, insulin, etc.); (e) complex polysaccharides (e.g., gum arabic, pectins, etc.). Excluded herefrom are lignin, tannin, and derivatives thereof. Also excluded are the simple gtrioseh (i.e., glyceradehyde di-hydroxy acetone) or gtetroseh (i.e., erythrose, threose and keto tetroses) sugars since these sugars have less than five carbons; such materials are treated as polyhydroxy (aldehydes or ketones).
Inorganic material. (Nonstructural or Composition)
CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL - For class 201
Any solid material (mixture or compound) other than an inorganic carbonate which contains carbon or carbon containing compounds such as coke or wood.
Denotes the presence of the carbonyl group, C=O.
Denotes a substituent wherein a trivalent nitrogen atom is single bonded to a carbonyl (-C(=O)-) group.
CARBOXYL (Carboxylic Acid) - For class 510
Denotes the presence of a -C(=O)OH group.
CARBOXYL GROUP - For class 516
Structure comprised of a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydroxyl group (OH) attached to the carbonyl carbon.
Denotes the presence of a moiety.
CARBOXYLIC ACID OR DERIVATIVE - For class 520
A. A carboxylic acid denotes the carboxyl group, represented as -COOH or -C(=O)OH, bonded to: (1) a carbon atom that is not double-bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen; (2) hydrogen; or (3) [-C(O=)-]
n , where n is an integer (e.g., oxalic acid, etc.). A carboxylic acid derivative is limited to: 1. nitride; 2. carboxylic acid ester; 3. carboxylic acid anhydride; 4. carboxylic acid salt; 5. carboxylic acid amide; 6. carboxylic acid imide; 7. carboxylic acid lactam; 8. carboxylic acid halide; and 9. lactone. B. A carboxylic acid anhydride denotes the basic structure -C(=O)-O-C(=O)-, the carbons of which may independently be bonded to: (1) hydrogen; (2) a carbon atom that is not double bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium; or (3) [-C(=O)-]n , where n is an integer. In either of (2) or (3), supra, the -C(=O)-O-C(=O)- group may be part of a ring. C. A carboxylic acid ester denotes the structure -C(=O)-O-C-, where the carbon atom bonded to the -O- of the -C(=O)-O- group may not be double bonded to chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), or triple bonded to nitrogen, and the carbonyl carbon of the -C(=O)-O-C- group may be bonded to (1) hydrogen; (2) a carbon atom that is not double bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen; or (3) [-C(=O)-]n , where n is an integer. D. A nitride denotes the structure -CbN bonded to carbon, which carbon may not be double bonded to chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium), or triple bonded to nitrogen. E. A carboxylic acid amide denotes the structure -C(=O)-NH2 , where substitution may be made for the hydrogens, and the carbonyl carbon may be bonded to (1) hydrogen; (2) a carbon atom that is not double bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen; or (3) [-C(=O)-]n , where n is an integer. F. A carboxylic acid halide denotes the structure -C(=O)-hal, where hal is halogen and the carbonyl carbon may be bonded to (1) hydrogen; (2) [-C(=O)-]n , where n is an integer; or (3) a carbon atom that is not double bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to carbon. G. The imide of a dicarboxylic acid is a heterocyclic ring having as ring members the group -C(=O)-NH-C(=O)-, where substitution may be made for hydrogen; all remaining ring members are carbon atoms. H. The lactam of a carboxylic acid is a heterocyclic ring having as ring members the group -NH-C(=O)-, where substitution may be made for hydrogen; all remaining ring members are carbon atoms. I. The lactone of a carboxylic acid is a heterocyclic ring having as ring members the group -C(=O)-O-; all remaining ring members are carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms bonded to either the carbon or oxygen or the -C(=O)O- group may not themselves be double bonded to chalcogen (i.e., oxygen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium). J. A carboxylic acid salt denotes the structure -C(=O)-O-⊖ X⊕ , where X is a cation and ionic bonding exists between the cation, X, and the -C(=O)O- group. The carbon of the -C(=O)O- group may be bonded to: (1) hydrogen; (2) a carbon atom that is not double bonded to sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, or triple bonded to nitrogen; or (3) [-C(=O)-]n , where n is an integer. In the above definitions of carboxylic acids and their derivations, certain derivations may technically fit into more than one derivative grouping. A lactone, for example, is a species of an ester, and a lactam is a species of an amide. Compounds that are themselves multifunctional (i.e., possess more than one functional group) are classified on the basis of the first appearing functional group in the hierarchy. A polycarboxylic reactant requires the presence of at least two carboxylic acid groups, or of at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one carboxylic acid derivative, or at least two identical carboxylic acid derivatives, or at least two different carboxylic acid derivatives.A cyclic carboxylic anhydride having the group -C(=O)-O-C(=O)- as members of a ring is considered as a polycarboxylic acid. Compounds having both a cyclic anhydride group and a free carboxyl (-COOH) group are considered as tricarboxylic acids. An example is trimellitic anhydride, which is shown as Figure 1 at the end of the “Carboxylic Acid or Derivative” definition. A compound containing two cyclic anhydride groups is considered a tetracarboxylic acid. An example is pyromellitic dianhydride, which is shown in Figure 2 at the end of the “Carboxylic Acid or Derivative” definition.
A process wherein a metal substrate is treated with an externally supplied source of carbon resulting in the carburization of the metal by chemical reaction or diffusion.
CARBURIZING (Carbonizing) - For class 164
Introducing carbon into ferrometals by heating above the transformation temperature range while in contact with carbonaceous material that may be solid, liquid, or gaseous.
Includes the dead body of either a land or marine animal.
A mechanism for supporting a record-medium* or for supporting a type-head-carrier*, which mechanism is provided with means to effect relative movement between the record-medium and a type-head-carrier that is at the print-point*, the movement occurring along a line that is parallel to the print-line*. A gcarriage-feedh means effects carriage movement in the direction that causes character* symbols to be imprinted in succession, thus gcarriage feedh also effects character-space* and word-space* distances. In most typewriters used for typing a European language said direction is from left to right, but there are some typewriters capable of imprinting successive characters from right to left even though the words will be read from left to right, and there are other typewriters intended to imprint successive characters from right to left because the words will be read from right to left. In any event, the carriage-feed direction is always the direction that causes characters to be imprinted in succession. In some typewriters the record-medium is held to a platen that is mounted on a carriage, and the gplaten carriageh (together with the record-medium) is moved relative to the main frame of the typewriter. Each successively actuated type-member* is impressed at a print-point that is stationary relative to the main frame. The platen-carriage (e.g., right to left) is opposite to the direction in which successive characters are imprinted and read (e.g., left to right). (The directions mentioned apply except as noted above.) In some typewriters the record-medium is held to a platen that does not move during the imprinting of a print-line. The type-member is on a type-head* that is on a type-head-carrier that is mounted on a carriage, and the type-head carriage is moved relative to the main frame of the typewriter. Each successively actuated type-member is impressed at a print-point that is moved relative to the main frame. The gtype-head carriageh movement (e.g., left to right) is in the direction in which successive characters are imprinted and read (e.g., left to right). In both forms of typewriter noted above, the term carriage feed is applied to movement of the carriage in the direction that effects imprinting of successive characters and words*. Thus, for a platen-carriage typewriter, carriage feed is usually from right to left (but note the exception above), whereas for a type-head-carriage typewriter, carriage feed is usually from left to right. Either typewriter is also capable of carriage reversal, which is in the direction opposite to carriage feed, and is used for gcarriage returnh (e.g., to start a new print-line) or is used for carriage backspace (e.g., to move a carriage a distance equivalent of one or more character-spaces in a reverse direction).
A bar having teeth or notches along one of its sides, which bar is affixed to a carriage*, and which teeth or notches cooperate with a pawl* or a pinion gear to enable or cause movement of the bar and the carriage to which it is affixed. There may be provision for adjustment of the bar relative to the carriage, but the adjustment is usually made at the time of manufacture of the typewriter, or may be made subsequently during a period of time when the typewriter is not being used for typing. When a carriage-rack cooperates with a pawl, it acts as a ratchet*, and for a discussion of how a pawl and ratchet operates as a carriage-feed mechanism, see the definition of pawl in this Glossary,
(n) As used in this class, a member on which a material engaging part is slidingly or rotatably (including pivotally) mounted, which member entirely supports the part against gravity while allowing relative movement between the member and the part. This term is applied only to that member of a device which is immediately connected to the material-engaging part. A member can be a complex of parts which move integrally together.
A mobile free electron or hole.
An electrical or electromagnetic repetitious sinusoidal wave.
Is an electrical or electromagnetic repetitious sinusoidal wave.
(a) The element that contains the original image to be imaged onto a receiver. The carrier is commonly a photographic negative, but may be a positive, a document, a book page, etc.; and (b) a substance in electrophotos:graphic developer which conveys a toner material to a copy substrate but which does not, itself, become a part of the developed copy.
A member attached to a piece of solid coating material so as to be movable therewith in a guide#.
An auxiliary device for use in a fluid current conveyor comprising a container for carrying material or articles while being conveyed through the fluid current conveyor.
A Load bearing structure (e.g., hub, etc.) which mounts one or more working members* and which, at least in part, partakes of the motion of the member.
CARRIER CONCENTRATION - For class 257
The number of electrical charge carriers in a given volume, usually a cubic centimeter, of semiconductor material.
CARRIER, MOTION PICTURE - For class 352
The vehicle for the individual pictures of a motion picture series, generally a flexible strip.
CASCADE AMPLIFIER - For class 330
A series of amplifiers wherein the input for each amplifier except the first (to which the electric signal source is connected) is coupled from the output of the prior amplifier.
CASE HARDENING - For class 148
A term most often applied to carburizing or nitriding processes which result in a hardened surface on the workpiece.
Case-shift is the relative movement between a record-medium* and a type-face* or a type-die* that is at the print-point*, which movement is effected by pressing a case-shift key* concurrently with the pressing of a character* key. In most typewriters, selection of which character is to be imprinted in sequence is made by selection of the character keys. In a typewriter with a case-shift, a choice of upper-case* (i.e., gCAPITALh letter) or lower-case* (i.e., gsmallh letter) form of the selected letter is possible by concurrently pressing or not pressing the case-shift key. Analogous choice of other characters that appear on the various character keys is also possible with the case-shift key. In some typewriters case-shift is effected by moving into one of two positions (or in other typewriters one of three positions) any of (a) a type-bar-segment*, or (b) a platen, or (c) a type-head* that carries at least two fixedly related type-face elements; in all of these the movement occurs in a plane substantially parallel to the plane occupied by the type-face at the print-point. In some typewriters a type-head is on a type-head-carrier* and includes a type-set-assemblage* thereon, and in such typewriters case-shift is effected by moving the type-head so that the chosen type-face (i.e., upper-case or lower-case) will be impacted against the record-medium. In some typewriters, case-shift may also be used to imprint a character in a different font* or a character in a different language for specialized uses.
A pipe which lines all or a portion of the wall of a well. The casing may be adjacent the wall of the well for only a part of its length and lie within another casing section for the remainder of its length. The casing usually is of metal and is used with cement between it and the well wall. The casing is intended to form the permanent lining of the well.
A tube which is introduced in a preformed bore and forms a lining for the bore.
A container or enclosure for a lamp or discharge device, or a part thereof. See Envelope above.
A member which cooperates with a runner member and provides a flow path for the working fluid. This member may also be called a curb in the art literature.
Forming a glass preform by flowing molten glass in the form of a stream into or onto molds, rolls or tables. (Teeming is synonymous to casting).
The formation of an article by pouring or forcing molten metal into a mold or die and permitting it to solidify.
A process of molding or forming wherein impressions are made with fluent or molten materials as by pouring into a mold with hardening or setting of said material in said mold.
Forming a preform by pouring fluent stock onto or into a shaping surface. Synonym: Teeming.
A substance which either increases or decreases the speed of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent change.
An agent which affects or effects a chemical reaction by its presence in the reaction mass (other than by dissolving or dispersing the reactants) generally being recoverable from the products as if it did not enter into the reaction and merely provided the impetus for reaction of other materials. While it was originally thought that a catalyst did not enter the reaction and instead provided sites at which the reactants, per se, interacted, it is understood now that at least some transitory intermediates may involve the catalyst. The catalyst, however does not contribute substance to the desired final product even though it may remain inseparable from such product.
A substance which either increases or decreases the speed of a chemical reaction.
Affecting, effecting, promoting, or initiating a reaction by being present-generally by presenting a contact surface and usually recoverable from the product in essentially unchanged form and operating other than by merely acting as a solvent. The strict classical concept of a catalyst is not rigidly adhered to now and the catalyst may disappear, change or be included as an incidental moiety in the final product. A catalyst may inhibit one reaction while promoting or allowing another reaction but an agent strictly preventing or retarding a reaction is a preservative for Class 252 Compositions, subclasses 380+. Examples of these retardants or inhibitors are anti-oxidant and anti-knock compositions. An agent that encourages a reaction by dispersing the reactants such as a more effective solvent is not a catalyst. A catalyst may be gaseous, liquid or solid.
CATARACT CORRECTION LENS - For class 351
A lens, usually with cylindrical correction, to optically compensate for diminution of vision or opacity of the lens of the eye.
Any of several fundamental and distinct classes to which entities or concepts belong. Also, a division within a system of classification.
An electrode designed to serve as an anode with respect to a cathode and to be heated by the discharge so that another surface of the electrode emits electrons to a second anode. See subclass 305 for discharge devices having a cathanode.
An electrode which acts as the negative device. In some discharge devices, such as spark gaps, there is no difference in structure between the cathode and anode. Consequently, the use of the words gcathodeh and ganodeh have been avoided except where there is some significance in structure between the two electrodes.
CATHODE IMPEDANCE - For class 330
The impedance from the cathode of an electronic tube to ground or a reference potential.
CATHODE OR CATHODE ELECTRODE - For class 330
The negative electrode of the two electrodes of an electronic tube between which an electric discharge occurs (for negative charge carrier particles); in a vacuum tube the electrode which emits the electrons and is negatively charged with respect to the electrode which collects the electrons.
CATHODE RAY DEVICE - For class 313
A discharge device having means for forming the electric discharge into a restricted beam or ray, usually pencil-like.
CATHODE-HEATER - For class 330
A filament in proximity to an indirectly heated cathode with terminals designed to receive a source of power to heat the cathode to its electron emitting temperature.
CATIONIC SUBSTITUENT - For class 510
Denotes that portion of an organic compound which is positively charged in an aqueous solution at a neutral pH (i.e., pH=7) and is attached to the portion of the molecule of higher molecular weight by covalent bonding. Examples of common cationic substituents include primary, secondary, or tertiary amino groups, as well as quaternary ammonium substituents.
(DIE CAVITY) A passageway closed at one end; a chamber or blind hole having at least one work-shape-imposing portion of closed perimeter definable in a plane normal to the direction of relative motion of a co-acting tool or work forcer, or of the disclosed flow of work. See gOrificeh and gPassagewayh.
A hole or a hollow place in a body. (Structural)
The collector-base junction of a bipolar transistor.
Chemical Beam Epitaxy*.
Complementary bipolar IC
Cross bridge Kelvin resistor (test structure)
Controlled collapse bonding
Corrugated capacitor cell
Charge coupled device
Chemical dry etching
Collector diffusion isolation
Contrast enhancement layer
An individual integrated circuit element located on a large, or master chip of, semiconductor material.
Short for, or used interchangeably with, a voltaic cell only in this class.
A closed cavity (which may be empty or full) in a component*. (Structural)
The intersection of a row and a column of DATA*.
For the purpose of this class, a cell is the minimum combination of elements necessary to physically contain an entire liquid crystal layer given a stimulus or excitation. In a matrix addressed liquid crystal device, a single pixel is not a cell.
Of, relating to, or consisting of cells. In a radio frequency system, that which characterizes a system in which a geographical area is divided into small sections, each served by a transmitter of limited range so that any available radio frequency channel can be used in different parts of the area simultaneously.
A carbohydrate material derived from the structural matter of plant life, usually from the stems. The term includes lignocellulose (e.g., wood and bark) relatively pure cellulose (e.g., cotton and linen) and chemically modified forms of cellulose as cellophane, pyroxylin, viscose and rayon. While pyroxylin may be plasticized with minor amounts of camphor and/or castor oil, for purposes of classification, pyroxylin is considered cellulosic. (Nonstructural or Composition)
A process of recovering a free metal from solution wherein a more electropositive free metal displaces a less electropositive metal from solution as a free metal while the more electropositive metal goes into solution in ionic form.
CENTRAL CHAMBER - For class 166
A generic term covering both a central conduit, as defined below, and a receptacle for bodily transport of fluid material from inside the well to the top of the well or bodily transport of material from the top of the well for discharge at a point in the well. In a well device the central chamber is considered to be the primary locus from which or to which fluid is moved. For example, the gcentral chamberh in a tester is the sample chamber receiving the test fluid, whether this be a receptacle or a tubing, while the gcentral chamberh in a liquid discharging washer is the primary place from which liquid flows, whether this be a tubing or a receptacle.
CENTRAL CONDUIT - For class 166
Any passage forming conduit which extends from the top of the well into the well and is positioned within another conduit. The central conduit may be, for example, a string of tubing positioned within another tubing or within the casing, or it may be a string of casing positioned within the well bore.
A process or means in which a liquid is revolved about an axis at such a number of revolutions per unit of time that the apparent weight of constituents increases to a point where the constituents tend to concentrate in strata similar to gravity-induced separation based on relative densities.
Contact end resistor (test structure)
Clay containing, therefore silicon containing. (Nonstructural or Composition)
Inorganic compositions which are heat treated to harden them during their manufacture or subsequent use by firing, calcining, sintering, or fusion of at least a portion of the inorganic material, including glass compositions, fired clay compositions which form, e.g., porcelain or brick, and refractories. Such materials typically, but not necessarily, include earthy materials, such as metal (and especially mixed metal) silicates.
ceramic DIP
These are seed coverings and small stem pieces which are separated from seed and threshed grain during threshing or processing operation.
A moving device having lips, loovers or similar means that separates the chaff from threshed grain or seed.
This term denotes a plurality of atoms which connect specified groups or atoms. The atoms of the chain must be nonionically attached to each other and to the specified groups or atoms. If the chain may not include any ring members it will be designated as acyclic. When the chain may include ring members the title will state that the chain may include a ring. The chain ends where it attaches to the specified groups or atoms and does not include any part of them. The chain may have substituents but the substituents are not part of the chain.
This term denotes a plurality of atoms which connect specified groups or atoms. The atoms of the chain must be nonionically attached to each other and to the specified groups or atoms. If the chain may not include any ring members it will be designated as acyclic. When the chain may include ring members the title will state that the chain may include a ring. The chain ends where it attaches to the specified groups or atoms and does not include any part of them. The chain may have substituents but the substituents are not part of the chain.
Microcrystalline form of quartz; usually milky or grayish in color.
Also known as chalcogenide(s), the elements oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium.
Also known as chalcogenides, specifically O, S, Se, or Te.
Limited to oxygen (O), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), or tellurium (Te).
That key designed for operation of an individually distinct lock operating mechanism embodying a specific combination or design.
A path for conducting current between a source and drain of a field effect transistor.
A hollow loop, or ring which will contain material to be heated, and which permits the insertion of a core of iron to improve the coupling between a primary coil and a secondary in the loop, or ring.
A path for conducting current between a source and drain of a field effect transistor.
A single path for transmitting electric signals, usually in distinction from other parallel paths. A band of frequencies. Note: The word gpathh is to be interpreted in a broad sense to include separation by frequency division or time division. The term gchannelh may signify either a one-way path, providing transmission in one direction only, or a two-way path, providing transmission in two directions.
CHANNEL LENGTH EFFECTS - For class 257
Operating characteristics of FETs which depend on the length (distance between source and drain) of the channel regions. Such effects include switching speed change and threshold voltage change with channel length change.
CHANNEL PINCH-OFF REGION - For class 257
The location in a current channel portion of a field effect transistor (FET) where the current is reduced to a minimum value due to its diameter being reduced to a minimum.
CHANNEL PINCH-OFF REGION - For class 438
The location in a current channel portion of a field effect transistor (FET) where the current is reduced to a minimum value due to its diameter being reduced to a minimum.
Means for limiting channel formation in a semiconductor device by surrounding the affected area with a ring of highly doped, low resistivity semiconductor material. In a field effect transistor, it is a region of highly doped material of the same type as the lightly doped substrate used to prevent leakage paths along the chip surface from developing. Also referred to as gchanstop.h
Means for limiting channel formation in a semiconductor device by surrounding the affected area with a ring of highly doped, low resistivity semiconductor material. In a field effect transistor, it is a region of highly doped material of the same type as the lightly doped substrate used to prevent leakage paths along the chip surface from developing. Also referred to as gchanstop.h
CHANNEL WIDTH EFFECTS - For class 257
Operating characteristics of FETs which depend on the width (horizontal distance perpendicular to channel length and parallel to upper surface of device) of the channel. Such effects include conductance and threshold voltage change with channel width change.
channel stop isolation structure
A device for holding a core in place.
The generic term applied to the carbonaceous residue from a thermolytic distillation of any carbonaceous material. It encompasses such terms as bone black, charcoal and coke.
The generic term applied to the carbonaceous residue from a thermolytic distillation of any carbonaceous material. It encompasses such terms as bone black, charcoal and coke.
Carbonaceous reside from pyrolysis of organic material generally of a hard burned pitch appearance.
A single symbol imprinted on a record-medium* by a type-member* and intended to be read by the human eye, or intended to be greadh by a mechanical or electrical scanner, for the purpose of conveying intelligence to the reader (i.e., human reader or mechanical greaderh). It forms one of the elements needed to form a word*. In most typewriters a character is formed by impressing a single type-member against a record-medium, usually via an inking means. However, a single character may also be formed by impressing a plurality of different type-members either simultaneously or successively in the same zone or area of the record-medium. A character may be (a) one of the letters in an alphabet, either upper-case* (i.e., gCAPITALh letter), or lower-case* (i.e., gsmallh letter), or (b) one of the numeral digits (i.e., g0h through g9h), or (c) a punctuation mark [e.g., comma (,), colon (:), etc.], or (d) one of a variety of signs and symbols incorporated into a typewriter intended for general usage [e.g., dollar sign ($), ampersand symbol (&), etc.]. The number or variety of characters that a particular typewriter may imprint is limited only by the size of the typewriter and the area allotted to the key-board* and the type-members of that typewriter.
CHARACTERISTIC - For class 329
An attribute associated with the size or shape of a wave or signal. Examples are amplitude, frequency, or phase of a sine wave and repetition rate, position, amplitude, or width of a nonsine wave.
CHARACTERISTIC - For class 332
Is an attribute associated with the size or shape of a wave or signal. Examples are amplitude, frequency, or phase of a sine wave and repetition rate, position, amplitude or width of a nonsine wave.
CHARACTERISTIC CURVE - For class 257
A graph showing the relationship between two or more changing parameters, e.g., current and voltage of an electronic device.
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE - For class 333
The impedance which a long line or a long line element would have if it were infinitely long. A long line which is terminated in its characteristic impedance is not resonant.
CHARACTER-SPACE - For class 400
Character-space is the distance that the carriage* or the record-medium* is moved to effect the separation of one imprinted character* from a subsequently imprinted character of the same word*. In most alphabets the width of one character (i.e., the distance that it extends along the print-line*) differs from the width of another character. In many typewriters the character-space distances are in equal increments of carriage feed. Due to the fact that successively imprinted characters have different widths, the spaces between the successive characters are unequal. To compensate for different widths, some typewriters are provided with mechanism to vary the carriage feed. This mechanism causes the carriage feed to be proportional to the width of the character imprinted by a type-face*. The unequal increments of carriage feed produced by this mechanism results in equal spaces between successively imprinted characters, thereby improving the uniformity and appearance of the typing.
As used herein refers to a mixture of ingredients producing a composition of this class or a definite quantity of shapeless or structureless material forming a composition of this class; or at least two compounds or compositions or any mixtures of these associated together or composited but in an unmixed condition, e.g., a primary explosive associated but not intermixed with a secondary explosive, or those compositions including only nominal structure or form.
The material heated by the furnace.
CHARGE CARRIER - For class 257
A mobile conduction electron or hole in a semiconductor.
CHARGE CARRIER - For class 438
A mobile conduction electron or hole in a semiconductor.
CHARGE CARRIER PARTICLE - For class 330
A charged particle of matter involved in a flow of space current (electric discharge) and by means of which such current flows (current flow other than an electromagnetic wave propagated in open or confined space). Such charge carrier particles may be ions of a gas or charged atomic particles such as electrons.
CHARGE CONFINEMENT - For class 257
Restriction of electrical charge carriers, e.g., electrons or holes, to specified locations, e.g., by quantum wells, gate electrode potentials, etc.
CHARGE CONFINEMENT - For class 438
Restriction of electrical charge carriers (e.g., electrons or holes) to specified locations (e.g., by quantum wells, gate electrode potentials, etc.).
CHARGE GAS, GAS, OR SYSTEM FLUID - For class 096
(Terms used in Class 55 subclass titles and definitions). These terms are used synonymously and mean the inlet mixture of gas carrying therein solids or fluids, the mixture during separation, or a gaseous constituent after separation.
CHARGE INJECTION DEVICE - For class 257
A field effect device in which storage sites for packets of electric charge are induced at or below the surface of an active solid-state device by an electric field applied to the device and wherein carrier potential energy per unit charge minima are established at a given storage site and such charge packets are injected into the device substrate or into a data bus. This type device differs from a charge transfer device in that, in the latter, charge is transferred to adjacent charge storage sites in a serial manner, whereas, in a charge injection device, the charge is injected in a non-serial manner to the device substrate or to a data bus.
CHARGE INJECTION DEVICE - For class 438
A field effect device in which storage sites for packets of electric charge are induced at or below the surface of an active solid-state device by an electric field applied to the device and wherein carrier potential energy per unit charge minima are established at a given storage site and such charge packets are injected into the device substrate or into a data bus. This type device differs from a charge transfer device in that, in the latter, charge is transferred to adjacent charge storage sites in a serial manner, whereas, in a charge injection device, the charge is injected in a nonserial manner to the device substrate or to a data bus.
CHARGE TRANSFER DEVICE - For class 257
A semiconductor device in which discrete packets of electrical charge are transferred from one location to another. Examples of charge transfer devices include charge-coupled devices (CCDs) and bucket-brigade devices (BBDs).
a quantity of gworking fluidh intended to be ignited for a working stroke of the gpistonh.
CHARGE: BATTERY OR CELL - For class 320
The act of adding electrical energy (e.g., supplying current, etc.) into a battery or cell from a diverse source of electrical energy to increase the amount of useful and available chemical energy stored in the battery or cell; or, the amount of chemical energy stored in a battery or cell that is available for useful conversion to electrical energy for supplying an electric load.
CHARGE: CAPACITOR - For class 320
The act of applying an electric potential across the electrodes or plates of a capacitor from a diverse source of electrical energy to increase the amount of useful and available electrical energy stored in the capacitor, or the amount of energy stored in a capacitor that is available for release to usefully supply electrical energy to an electric load.
CHARGE-COUPLED DEVICE - For class 257
A charge transfer device in which all carriers (electrons or holes) are transferred from one storage site to the next upon application of a shifting voltage.
The function of supplying a charge to a furnace.
CHARGING CIRCUIT - For class 320
The electric circuit or path that extends from a charging source to a battery, cell, or capacitor to be charged.
CHARGING SOURCE - For class 320
The immediate source from which electric energy is derived for addition into a battery, cell, or capacitor, where the polarity of the source is such as to cause current to flow in opposition to the normal polarity of the battery, cell, or capacitor, if the latter is polarized, and may be, for example: (1) a mere charging circuit; (2) means for collecting atmospheric, parasitic, or other stray electric charge or currents; (3) means for converting electrical energy having one or more particular electrical characteristics into electrical energy having a different characteristic (e.g., electrical converters such as a combination alternating current source and rectifier, where the rectifier is considered to be the "immediate source"; (4) means for converting energy, other than electrical, into electric energy (e.g., electrical generator, fuel cell, etc.).
CHARGING SOURCE CONTROL - For class 320
Any control that effects the flow of energy from a charging source, including (a) direct control of the charging source itself or (b) the flow or delivery of energy from the charging source to a load.
A light reflecting or transmitting panel with symbols or pictures of varying size for testing the refraction of the eye.
The intermediate part of a flask or mold that has more than two parts.
Chemically sensitive FET
CHEMICAL EVOLUTION PROCESS - For class 506
Process using in vitro selection systems that evolve to enrich mixtures of chemical compounds in those components having selected properties. The terminology gdirected molecular evolutionh is commonly employed when the process is applied to mixtures of macromolecules (e.g., RNA aptamers, etc.). Selected compounds are then amplified (gcopiedh) using biochemical methods (e.g., enzymatic reverse transcription of RNA aptamers to DNA, PCR amplification, and finally retranscription to RNA, etc.). This concept has been adapted to organic chemistry and opened a new branch of combinatorial chemistry named gdynamic combinatorial chemistryh wherein the enrichment in the (usually low-molecular weight) compounds having a selected property results from the equilibration process that carries out a preferential destruction and recycling of unselected compounds.
CHEMICAL FORCE MICROSCOPE - For class 977
Scanning probe microscope with a chemically functionalized tip.
CHEMICAL PROCESS A - For class 430
process involving a chemical reaction or the recitation of chemical composition, compound, etc., in the claims which are involved in a chemical reaction during the process.
CHEMICAL REACTION - For class 060
The transformation of the molecules of one or more substances into other kinds of molecules.
CHEMICAL REACTION - For class 117
For purposes of Class 117, chemical reaction is given a broad meaning. The following are included: metathesis; changing the water of hydration; forming intermetallic compounds from constituent elements or from alloys; forming compound semiconductor material from constituent elements; forming ions (ionization) or ionized plasma. Not included are: dissolution of a compound and solidification (e.g. crystallization) of the same compound; a change of phase (e.g., amorphous to single-crystal*); change of crystal phase or form (e.g., face centered cubic to body centered cubic).
CHEMICAL TREATING AGENT - For class 520
Denotes a chemical material which is added to the formed solid polymer and which causes or is present during a process wherein a change in a bond of the polymer is effected. Claims reciting a gchemical treating agenth are classified on the basis of the first-appearing material utilized as part of the chemical agent. No attempt has been made to classify on the basis of functionality of the chemically active material and therefore all materials in a composition are regarded equally (e.g., diluent, reactant, catalyst, etc.). Processes and products which refer to mere cross-linking, curing, or vulcanizing will be classified on the basis of the product treated.
A piece of metal applied to the casting to hasten the solidification in that area.
A single crystal substrate of semiconductor material on which one or more active or passive solid-state electronic devices are formed. A chip may contain an integrated circuit. A chip is not normally ready for use until packaged and provided with external connectors.
A single crystal substrate of semiconductor material on which one or more active or passive solid-state electronic devices are formed. A chip may contain an integrated circuit. A chip is not normally ready for use until packaged and provided with external connectors.
A package with terminals, for solid-state electronic devices, including chips which facilitates handling of the chip during assembly of the chip to other electronic elements.
A package with terminals, for solid-state electronic devices, including chips which facilitates handling of the chip during assembly of the chip to other electronic elements.
CHIP COMPONENT - For class 257
A circuit element (active or passive) for use in microelectronics. Besides integrated circuits, the term includes diodes, transistors, resistors, and capacitors.
Current hugging logic
A device for interrupting current at regular intervals.
The straight line in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of a working member* joining the leading and trailing edges of the member*. See Figure I.
CHROMATICITY TEST - For class 351
Determination of the visual sensitivity or adaptation to color.
CHROMATOGRAPHY - For class 210
A process in which a liquid is flowed along a linear path comprising a sorbent, with which the liquid competes in affinity for a constituent of the liquid. The constituent is sorbed from the moving liquid by the relatively immobile sorbent and redissolved by a later passing portion of the liquid until an equilibrium of the sorbing-dissolving step is set up causing the constituent to concentrate in a specific volume of the sorbent and to move along the path of the liquid at a slower rate than such liquid. A comprehensive treatise on chromatography is to be found in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 2nd ed. Vol. 5, pp. 413-450.
Beryllium aluminate; BeO.Al2O3; cat"s eye; alexandrite; optionally with up to about 10 wt% chromium oxide and titanium oxide.
A structure capable of guiding a gravity induced flow of material therethrough or thereon. While a chute is more often than not an inclined passageway in the form of a trough, it occasionally takes the form of a conduit. Inasmuch as a chute with a gate, especially a chute in the form of a conduit, presents structure closely related to that of a hopper, such structures are distinguished on the basis of whether a storage concept exists (hopper) or does not exist (chute). A receptacle positioned in such manner as to impart the property of gravity induced flow to material contained therein, and, therefore, to be a source of supply to components gdownstreamh thereof. While it is not essential that the contained material be gstoredh for a finite period of time, there should be a concept of supporting it for an interval longer than that required for mere passage therethrough. A hopper has an inlet and an outlet, although the inlet may be merely an open side (of the receptacle). The outlet, however, will have a provision whereby passage of the contents can be controlled (e.g., possibly a conveyor). The provision of chutelike structure integral with the hopper, whereby material is guided into the inlet or out of the outlet, should not be considered as constituting a separate element. (This is in line with what appears to be a basic difference between chutes and hoppers; namely, a chute guides whereas a hopper stores and may guide). gGravity-inducedh is not intended to be construed to exclude those nondriven conveyors which utilize mechanical means (e.g., a vibrator) to start to maintain flow (i.e., bridge breaking).
Charge injection device
Information concealed by substitution or interchange of text characters for those in the original message.
A closed or closable conducting path through which, or along which, electric current can travel.
A number of devices interconnected in a one or more closed paths to perform a desired electrical or electronic function.
CIRCUIT MAKING AND/OR BREAKING - For class 320
Fully establishing and/or fully interrupting the conductivity of an electrical path between two or more points in an electrical circuit by physical movement of electrically conductive elements into and out of physical contact with each other.
CIRCUIT MAKING AND/OR BREAKING DEVICE - For class 318
A device for fully establishing and/or fully interrupting the electrical conductivity of an electrical path or circuit between two or more points in an electrical circuit by relative movement of electrically conductive elements into and/or out of physical contact with each other.
CLADDING BARRIER - For class 257
A higher band gap material which encases a lower band gap material that defines the walls of a quantum well.
CLADDING BARRIER - For class 438
A higher band gap material which encases a lower band gap material that defines the walls of a quantum well.
(See gWork-Gripping Clamph and compare gBlank Holderh).
CLAMP COUPLE ELEMENT - For class 269
Structure limited to one jaw* plus the means to adjust* and/or actuate* said jaw relative to a disclosed, but not claimed, coacting jaw.
This device is an excavating or handling tool having two similar jaws which close upon material for excavating and open for dumping.
A securing mechanism or element including two coacting members or member segments having gripping surfaces which engage portions of structure-to-be-securedon opposite sides in a jawlike manner to thereby (a) prevent or hinder the movement of structure-to-be secured* relative to the surfaces in at least one direction, (b) prevent or hinder the separation of distinct portions of the structure-to-be-secured* from each other, or (c) perform a securement of structure-to-be-secured* by overedge engagement thereof. The gripping surfaces of the coacting members or member segments are intended to be always easily moved into and out of engagement with the structure-to-be-secured* by either direct manual or tool force thereon or actuation of an attached operator*. In addition, both of the coacting members or member segment, when engaging with or disengaging from the structure-to-be-secured*, do not exceed the elastic limit of or destroy any portion of the securing mechanism or element. If the mechanism or element is formed from either a single piece or plural fixedly attached pieces of rigid* material, then the structural shape of the gripping surfaces and the outward force of the compressed structure-to-be-secured* provide the gripping force required above.
CLATHRATES AND INTERCALATES (INCLUSION COMPOUNDS) - For class 532
Clathrates and intercalates (inclusion compounds), per se, are classified hierarchically and subject to the limitations set forth in the compound (element) classes based both on the encapsulant and encapsulate. For example, a clathrate of urea and hydrogen peroxide is classified in Class 564, subclass 32, urea and an organic compound in Class 564, subclass 1.5, dextran and iodine in Class 536, subclass 112, etc. Where a patent does not state that a material is either a clathrate or an intercalate, the assumption is made that the material is either a coated or encapsulated product classified in Class 428, subclasses 402+.
The naturally occurring earthy materials (or artificial compositions having generally equivalent chemical and physical properties) containing a substantial proportion (30 percent or more) of colloidal particles (under .002mm.), and which becomes plastic when mixed with water and which plastic material is capable of being hardened when fired and containing a major proportion of hydrated aluminum silicates which are derived by the weathering or decomposition of granite or other feldspathic rock. Note. Many natural materials are considered to be clays, e.g., kaolin, fire clays, ball clays, china clays, bentonite, fuller"s earth, bauxite, montmorillonite, halloysite, and argillaceous earths. Note. Typical clay containing ceramic compositions or articles are, e.g., common or face brick, structural blocks, porcelain bricks, pottery, china, terra cotta, tile, sewer pipe, and some coating and filling compositions.
A naturally occurring hydrated aluminum silicate originally derived from the earth, having physical properties due at least in part to the size and distribution of colloidal particles, and properties including plasticity. Thirty or more percent of the particles are under 0.002 mm in diameter. Note. The use of the term clay in a document is considered to meet the above definition. Note. Terms recognized as clay: attapulgite, bentonite, fuller"s earth, halloysite, illite kaolin, montmorillonite, mullite. Note. Some earthy silicon compounds that are not clay or zeolite include Asbestos, Diaspore, Diatomaceous earth, Diatomite, Feldspar, Guhr, Kieselgahr, Mica, Quartz, Sand, and Silica.
To loosen, separate, or remove from the surface of metal a spot or layer of any substance generally distinguishable from the work material without intended redimensioning of said material.
The dislodging of extraneous matter or incrustations.
The act of removing matter resulting from the operation of the tool on the work.
CLEANSING FLUID - For class 173
A fluid which is adapted to perform a cleansing function upon work. Such a fluid may be solely described as performing some other function, such as cooling the work, so long as it is directed in such a manner as to inherently cleanse the work.
The requesting device in a communications network. In a client-server network, for example, a user interface could reside in the client workstation while the storage and retrieval functions could reside in the server database.
A portion of motion video material consisting of plural fields or frames of video data.
A securing mechanism or element including a member which (1) is intended to be connected or attached to a rigid or semirigid supporting member (e.g., wall, floor, roof) or article (e.g., pen, vehicle) having an additional and usually principle function other than normally associated with this class, and (2) has a gripping surface intended to coact with the surface of the supporting member or article to engage the opposite sides of a distinct structure-to-be-securedpositioned therebetween to prevent or hinder either (a) the movement of the structure-to-be-secured* relative to the surfaces in one direction, or (b) the separation of a structure-to-be-secured* from the supporting member or article. The gripping surface of the member is intended to be always easily moved into and out of engagement with the structure-to-be-secured* by either direct manual or tool force thereon or actuation of an attached operator*. In addition, the gripping surface, when engaging with or disengaging from the structure-to-be-secured does not exceed the elastic limit of or destroy any portion of the securing mechanism or element. If the mechanism or element is formed from either a single piece or plural fixedly attached pieces of rigid* material, then the structural shape of the gripping surfaces and the outward force of the compressed structure-to-be-secured provide the gripping force required above.
is a coil which is not designed to be connected to an external source or to a circuit, but which has the ends of the coil connected together so that a magnetic field can induce current therein which current flows in the closed path formed by the closed coil and generates a magnetic field in opposition to the current inducing field.
A tool* which comprises a work-shape-imposing orifice*, cavity*, or passageway*. (See diagrams under subclasses 276, 327, 350, and 360 for examples of gClosed Dieh).
CLOSED LOOP CONTROL - For class 388
A method of control in which the power input of a motor is adjusted by a control circuit which compares a reference signal with a feedback signal proportional to an output parameter (e.g., speed) of the motor to modify the power input of the motor so as to achieve or maintain some desired operating condition of the motor (e.g., constant running speed).
Plural fluid containing elements in fluid tight relation when under pressure.
A closure is an obstructive structure whose presence in or before a passage bars traffic through the passage. The character of passage varies depending on the thing or things the passage is intended to accommodate. For example, a single rod across a doorway prevents passage of a person but not a small animal; a letter slot permits passage of a letter but not a large package, a window sash permits passage of light but not air, a shutter permits passage of air but restricts the passage of light.
A species of cover in which a separate cover member completes the encasement or confinement of contents within a preformed receptacle when said member is assembled within, over or around the aperture of said receptacle.
A lid, bottle cap, the top of a can.
A fabric* which for purposes of this class is considered to be made of mechanically intertwined, interlooped, interwoven, or intertangled strands*, strand-portions* or strand like strips*. See Class 442, class definition. (Structural)
Confined lateral SEG
Mechanism to selectively or automatically couple two relatively moving parts together for common movement or to uncouple such parts.
Mechanism operable to couple two relatively rotatable parts together for common rotation or to uncouple such parts. The clutch* as used in the definition of this class or subclasses is a clutch* that may be used without a gear transmission* or in advance of or behind a gear transmission* in a power train. If a clutch is used as a part of transmission (i.e., in a planetary transmission to change gear ratio or direction), such a clutch is classified with transmission control rather than clutch control.
Current mode logic (i.e., ECL)
See COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR.
Complementary (NMOS and PMOS) FETs
chemical-mechanical polishing/planarization
The product of coagulation; the irreversible combination of semisolid particles (e.g., fats, proteins, oils) to form a mass. Often brought about by the addition of a coagulant. See flocculate.
Mixture of aromatic hydrocarbons obtained by the distillation of bituminous coal.
The merging together of small droplets or particles of a material or constituent dispersed in a liquid to form larger bodies of the material or constituent which may be more easily handled.
The phenomenon of the merging of two or more drops of liquid (e.g., oil or water droplets in emulsions) or particles (e.g., solid particles in sols* and dispersions*) resulting in a larger drop or particle having a lower interfacial surface area and a generally less stable condition.
See Subclass References to the Current Class, above, for a subclass reference to the term gcoating.h
The term gcoatingh is used throughout the definitions in a generic sense to mean either (1) an initially fluent film or layer of material lying on or bonded to the surface of a base, or (2) an impregnating material which penetrates the base either partially or completely and all or part of which is retained therein, either in its original form or physically or chemically combined therewith.
COAX (COAXIAL CABLE) - For class 725
A two-conductor (center conductor, shield system), concentric, constant impedance transmission line used as the trunk medium in the baseband system. In broadband networks, a cable with two conductors where one completely surrounds the other. Coax cables are unbalanced transmission lines that have an outer conductor that shields the center conductor from electrostatic interference. The two conductors are spaced by an insulating dielectric that, depending on the mechanical and material configuration, affects the speed, attenuation, and impedance of transmission.
(a) chip-on-board or (b) capacitor over bit-line
Catastrophic optical damage
A system of symbols arbitrarily used to represent directions, words, letters, or numerical values. In this class, the term gcodeh wherever employed without further limitation should be regarded as meaning Combinational-Code*.
Information concealed by substitution of words or symbols for words of the concealed message.
CODED-INTERPOSER - For class 234
An element which is movable to and from an effective position in which position portions of said element engage tools of a plurality of tool pairs, thereby completing a drive train for the subsequent effective transmission of actuating power to the corresponding tool pairs. (Cf. Interposer).
CODED-SELECTOR-MEANS - For class 234
An element which is movable to and from an effective position in which it determines the selection of a plurality of tool pairs by other mechanism. (Note. This element differs from a coded-interposer* in that (a) it does not engage the selected tools, and (b) it has only one effective position, as distinguished from the differentially positionable coded-interposer* found in subclass 98).
CODING OR ECODING - For class 506
Strategy whereby a surrogate analyte is associated with each member of a library in order to record its structure or the reaction sequence used for its preparation. This is usually achieved by the use of tags or labels attached to particles or solid supports on which the library members are assembled.
Chip-on-glass
COHERENCE LENGTH - For class 257
The typical distance an electron can travel before it is scattered (e.g., by a phonon, a defect, or an impurity).
COHERENCE LENGTH - For class 438
The typical distance an electron can travel before it is scattered (e.g., by a phonon, a defect, or an impurity, etc.).
COHERENT LIGHT - For class 372
A single frequency of light. A light beam in which the electric vector at any point in it is related to that at any other point by a definite, continuous sinusoidal function.
A term which encompasses both active and passive type devices, the passive type being a resistor whose resistance decreases when subjected to a high frequency signal, and the active type being a rectifier which is made up of active solid-state particles which conduct and rectify current when connected into a cohesive element but which loses that characteristic when the particles are separated (e.g., by shaking a container in which the particles are located).
A term which encompasses both active and passive type devices, the passive type being a resistor whose resistance decreases when subjected to a high frequency signal, and the active type being a rectifier which is made up of active solid-state particles which conduct and rectify current when connected into a cohesive element but which loses that characteristic when the particles are separated (e.g., by shaking a container in which the particles are located, etc.).
The product of an operation in which work is bent so that it surrounds an Axis-Of-Bend* through more than 360 degrees of revolution. As used in this class, the operation involves moving the work and progressively deflecting successive portions thereof in the same general direction which is arcuate with respect to the direction of movement of the work. Note. To produce a SPIRAL-COIL, the work is bent by deflection and wound, one convolution on a successive convolution, to form a scroll of gradually increasing diameter. Note. To produce a HELICAL-COIL, the work if deflected as described above, but an additional deflection or diversion is imposed on successive convolutions. The additional deflection is directed along the Axis-Of-Bend*. The additional component of bend is measured in terms of pitch, which term is used here in the same sense as applied to a screw or helix.
A conductor which creates a magnetic field due to the flow of current therein. It may be formed into one or more convolutions or turns, or have only a partial turn, or be straight.
That path along which a unit magnetic pole would experience a maximum force when a current is caused to flow in the coil conductor. For example, in a long, uniform, single layer cylindrical coil, the coil axis corresponds to the geometrical axis of the coil.
an element in the form of a spiral and which exhibits resilient characteristic when distorted from its original shape. May be in the form of a helix, a volute spiral or flat spiral.
Strictly this is the amorphous, solid residue of coal after the volatile material has been distilled off in a thermolytic distillation. The term is also applied in the art to the solid, carbonaceous residue from the thermolytic distillation of such materials as oil shale, petroleum and pitch.
Strictly this is the amorphous, solid residue of coal after the volatile material has been distilled off in a thermolytic distillation. The term is also applied in the art to the solid, carbonaceous residue from the thermolytic distillation of such materials as oil shale, petroleum and pitch.
A cracking type conversion in which solid, free carbon or coke as a product thereof. Additional liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon may also be obtained.
COLLATING-TABLE - For class 400
A platform or support used while a plurality of sheets or webs are arranged or assembled according to an orderly system. The sheets or webs may include record-medium* pieces or transfer-medium* pieces in any desired order or sequence and the assemblage of pieces comprises that which is to be typed on. The term gcollatingh as used in this class (400) is used to describe a simple structure that is used for collating, usually manually. It differs somewhat from the term collating as applied to a machine that accomplishes a similar result of arranging or assembling plural sheets or webs.
COLLECTIVE PITCH CHANGE - For class 416
Wherein the blade angles of all working members* of a single impeller are adjusted simultaneously.
That end region of a bipolar transistor which forms one of the main current regions and which is reverse biased in operation with respect to the base region.
COLLECTOR CURRENT - For class 257
The current which flows through the terminal of the collector region of a bipolar transistor.
COLLECTOR DIFFUSION ISOLATION (CDI) - For class 257
An electrical isolation technology used for bipolar devices which employs an epitaxial layer, which forms transistor base regions, laid on a substrate of the same conductivity type (p or n) as the epitaxial layer, with an opposite conductivity type region, more heavily doped than the epitaxial base layer and located between the layer and the substrate, forming the collector and isolating the transistor from the substrate.
COLLECTOR DIFFUSION ISOLATION (CDI) - For class 438
An electrical isolation technology used for bipolar devices which employs an epitaxial layer, which forms transistor base regions, laid on a substrate of the same conductivity type (p or n) as the epitaxial layer, with an opposite conductivity type region, more heavily doped than the epitaxial base layer and located between the layer and the substrate, forming the collector and isolating the transistor from the substrate.
COLLECTOR ELECTRODE - For class 330
See the definition of point contact or junction type transistor below.
Suspension of finely divided particles in a continuous medium, which may be gaseous, liquid, or solid.
COLLOID SYSTEM - For class 516
Also called colloid dispersions* or colloid suspensions. Sometimes simply colloid, but this is not preferred because this may also be used to refer to colloid-sized particles, per se. A colloid system is a multi-phase combination of matter in which one or more constituents has one or more dimensions below about five microns, however systems having particles of 20 to 50 microns have been described. Nobel prize winning research chemist, Wolfgang Ostwald (1853-1932), reportedly said "There are not sharp differences between mechanical suspensions, colloidal solutions, and molecular solutions. There is a gradual and continuous transition from the first through the second to the third." With respect to particles in suspension, in colloid systems the particles are governed by surface forces and therefore act as individual flow units, as contrasted to non-colloid mixtures which are governed by gravity or body (e.g. drag) forces. Macromolecules may form either true solutions or colloid systems and categorization properly depends upon the properties relevant to the intended use. Foams are colloid systems because they contain two phases and the liquid film has a thickness which is colloid-sized. Most common colloid systems are composed of particles of a colloid-sized dispersed phase (the subdivided or discontinuous phase) surrounded by a continuous phase. See also sol*.
A state of very fine division of a material dispersed throughout a liquid almost to the point of a true solution and either impossible or extremely difficult to filter or cause to settle.
See Rosin*.
COLOR IMAGE IN OR ON AN IMAGE RECORD - For class 430
At least a portion of the image record absorbs only part of the light in the visible electromagnetic spectrum, excludes black image on white background, or vice versa, includes black image on green background.
The prearranged or predetermined secret or nonpublic succession or order of movement of blocking elements, or the peculiar arrangement or scheme of fixed or movable elements designed to secure against public operation or control.
COMBINATIONAL-CODE - For class 234
A system of symbols each comprising two or more marks or perforations which by their number and/or position arbitrarily represent bits of information. (Cf. one-hole- code*, defined below).
COMBINATIONAL-CODING-MEANS - For class 234
Means which is differentially responsive to distinguishable forces or input-impulses* to prepare corresponding predetermined distinct combinations of less than the total number of tool pairs for actuation. (Note. This is the subject matter of subclass 94 of this class).
COMBINATORIAL LIBRARY - For class 506
A set of compounds (a library) prepared by combinatorial synthesis. This set may consist of a collection of pools or sublibraries.
COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS - For class 506
Combinatorial synthesis is the preparation of sets of diverse entities by the combination of sets of chemical building blocks (e.g., reagents, etc.).
A machine in which six major operations are performed during harvesting; cutting the standing grain (cutting unit); feeding the cut grain to the threshing unit (feeding unit); threshing and rethreshing the grain or seed from the heads; separating the grain from the straw and chaff; cleaning the threshed grain; collecting the threshed grain for convenient handling (grain handling unit).
Means connected with the marking* device for adapting the device to a particular marking* purpose.
The chemical action resulting from the direct combination of oxygen gas, generally in air, with a combustible material accompanied by the evolution of heat and light.
The direct combination of oxygen gas and a burnable substance.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER - For class 110
The structure immediately surrounding the combustion reaction and generally above the fuel (*) or refuse (*) grate and designed to support or promote the combustion reaction.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER: - For class 123
that volume of a gcylinderh enclosed by the gheadh and the gpistonh when the piston is closest to the head.
Conductivity modulation FET (i.e., IGBT)
An advertisement provided within broadcast or point-to-point networks.
COMMON- or GATE-CONFIGURATION - For class 257
A unipolar transistor in which the gate region is common to both input and output circuits.
COMMON-BASE CONFIGURATION - For class 257
A bipolar transistor in which the base region is common to both the input and output circuit. This is also known as a grounded-base bipolar transistor circuit.
COMMON-COLLECTOR CONFIGURATION - For class 257
A bipolar transistor in which the collector region is common to both the input and output circuit. It is also known as an emitter-follower bipolar transistor circuit.
COMMON-DRAIN CONFIGURATION - For class 257
A unipolar transistor in which the drain region is common to both the input and output circuit.
COMMON-EMITTER CONFIGURATION - For class 257
A bipolar transistor in which the emitter region is common to both the input and output circuit. It is also known as a grounded-emitter bipolar transistor circuit.
The conveying or transferring or information; specifically a system, as a radio, television, telephone for conveying or transferring information.
The conveying or transferring of information; specifically a system, as radio, telephone, telegraph for conveying or transferring information. For a general statement of the classes which include communication devices, apparatus and systems,see section V below.
COMMUNICATIONS - For class 375
The transmission of information from one point to another.
The part of a motor armature to which the armature windings are connected. It consists of a set of conductors arranged about the rotation axis of the armature and insulated from the axis and from one another. A set of stationary contacts, called gbrushesh ride on the outer face of the conductors and thereby connect the armature windings to a power source.
Forming of particulate material into a body or shape by the application of pressure to the particulate material without heating.
An amplitude range compressor connected to an amplitude range expander with or without an intervening transmission line so that the amplitude range of the input wave is first decreased in the compressor and then increased in the expander.
COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR (CMOS) - For class 257
Both n-type and p-type metal oxide semiconductor devices, e.g., transistors, formed on the same substrate.
A book() which has had its covering member attached.
COMPLEX COMPOUND - For class 423
A chemical combination of two or more compounds or ions; e.g., 4 KCN and Fe (Cn)2 give the complex compound K4Fe (Cn)6; 2 HF and Si F4give the complex acid H2 Si F6. An electrically charged radical or group of atoms, e.g., Cu (NH3) 2+, is a complex ion.
A distinct unitary element of a composite web or sheet which is longitudinally coextensive therewith and which, if separated from said multi-part web or sheet, would be recognized as a web or sheet by itself.
A component may consist of plural layers as in the folded component shown in Figure 2.
An electronic device - active or passive - which has distinct electrical characteristics and has terminals for connection to other components to form a circuit.
An element or a characteristic of a member used in effecting a connection.
A distinct unitary element of a composite stock material* which is longitudinally coextensive therewith and which, if separated from the remainder of such stock material*, would be recognized as a web*, sheet*, rod*, strand*, tube or block by itself. A component may consist of plural layers* as in the folded component shown in Figure 1. See also (2) Note under A, above. (Structural)
A distinct unitary element of a composite tool in the form of a layer* or a constituent of a layer.
A device within a data processing system* designed to process data (e.g., encrypting, modulating, transmitting, receiving, comparing, performing arithmetical calculations, etc.) after it has been entered by a user* (i.e., input) in order to formulate a response to the user (i.e., output) or to protect the data. Within the context of this collection, system components generally include a central data processor, a communication processor and network, and terminals at points distant from the central data processor and communicating with it through the communication components.
COMPONENT, REACTOR - For class 376
For the purpose of this class, relates to any of the functional segments or parts comprising, when properly associated together, a nuclear reactor, e.g., fuel, moderator, coolant (fluid or solid), control rod, reflector, shield, etc.
A preform or product made of diverse materials, each of which is identifiable, at least in part, in the final product.
A stock-material* comprising a plurality of components*. (Structural)
COMPOSITE COLOR SIGNAL - For class 348
A color picture signal with all blanking and synchronizing signals. Including luminance and chrominance components; vertical- and horizontal-sync pulses; vertical- and horizontal-blanking pulses; and the color burst signal, with or without accompanying audio.
COMPOSITE SHEET - For class 112
A sheet comprising a plurality of components.
COMPOSITE VIDEO SIGNAL - For class 348
A signal in television that conveys all of the intelligence present in the image together with the synchronizing information (e.g., vertical and horizontal pulses) with or without audio information.
A web comprising a plurality of components.
A product having a plurality of constituents* or elements, none of which are in a defined spatial or ordered relationship to each other or to the surface or shape of the body in which they are contained, that is, a random mixture of elements. (Structural)
A mixture of material(s) such as elements, compounds, etc. which materials are not present in a ratio of small whole numbers based on molar ratios, i.e., mixtures.
A homogeneous material which has definite proportions of chemically combined atoms or ions.
A substance whose molecules consist of unlike atoms, whose constituents cannot be separated by physical means, whose properties are entirely different from those of its constituent elements and which contains definite proportions of its constituent elements, depending on their atomic weights.
The elements or compounds comprising a material or produced from it by analysis.
See LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, above.
A substance whose molecules consist of unlike atoms, whose constituents cannot be separated by physical means, whose properties are entirely different from those of its constituent elements, and which contains definite proportions of its constituent elements, depending on their atomic weights.
COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTOR - For class 438
A semiconductor composed of a chemical compound formed of elements from two or more different groups of the chemical periodic chart (e.g., Group III (B, Al, Ga, In) and Group V (N, P, As, Sb) for the following compounds: AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, InP, InAs, and InSb, or a compound of silicon and carbon (SiC)).
COMPRESSOR OR VOLUME COMPRESSOR - For class 330
A device that compresses the volume range, as in recording sound, radio-telephone transmission, etc.. In compressing the signal volume range the amplification of large signals is reduced and of small signals is increased.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data,stores data and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs DATA*, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
COMPUTER PROGRAM - For class 706
An algorithm and data structures constituting a set of instructions in some computer language, intended to be executed on a computer to perform a useful task.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and outputs data.
COMPUTER-READABLE STORAGE MEDIA - For class 706
Physical material on which data bits are read and written by a computer; excluding paper and other non-computer written media.
A device consisting of a series of bars that are held together by rods or straps and is curved to match the cylinder. It is sometimes adjustable up and down to allow the operator to change the cylinder to concave clearance.
CONCAVE SPACING - For class 460
The radial distance between the concave and the cylinder on a combine.
CONCEALED STITCH - For class 112
A stitch in which the sewing thread completely penetrates one or more layers of material and is hidden from view on at least one side of the assembly by a fold of material overlying the stitch. See Figure 3.
CONCENTRATED LIGHT SOURCE - For class 353
The source of illumination for the projector. It may be either a projection lamp or a lens and mirror system utilizing sunlight.
CONCENTRATED LIGHT SOURCE - For class 355
The source of illumination for the copier. It is usually a projection lamp but may be a lens or mirror system utilizing sunlight.
CONCENTRATION GRADIENT - For class 257
A difference in dopant concentration (p- or n-type) from one position to another in a semiconductor.
CONCENTRIC LINES - For class 330
A transmission line in which one conductor extends within a second hollow conductor.
See Distillate in the Class Definition section.
See distillate in the Class Definition.
See gdistillateh in the class definition.
Material derived by a change in physical state from a vapor to a liquid.
Denotes combination between at least two or more molecules of the same or different carbon compounds between carbons thereof.
Bridged or fused.
CONDENSED-BILLING - For class 400
A term used in the typewriter industry for the production of a condensed or summary record of a succession of typed documents (e.g., bills or numerical data). The operation includes the typing of plural copies (e.g., an goriginal copyh and one or more gcarbon copiesh, or duplicate goriginal copiesh) simultaneously on plural record-medium* pieces. At least one of the pieces is intended to be complete as to heading, address, and other information that is to be sent to one user. At least another piece is to be retained by the typist, and is not required to be complete; that is, it may omit much of the information, but may be a composite or summary or condensed record of the information that is to be sent. The record-medium on which the condensed-billing is typed is therefore moved in line-space* distances that differ from the line-space distances of the complete record medium.
An obsolete or out-of-favor term for "capacitor." Although still used in the automotive field to refer to a capacitor used across ignition points to prevent arcing, it is interpreted as being synonymous with "capacitor" in this class, with no implied limitation to its use.
CONDENSING LENS - For class 353
A lens which parallels the light from the light source for uniform distribution over the object to be projected and makes the light impinge on the object at right angles to the plane of the object.
CONDENSING LENS - For class 355
A lens or combination of lenses used to gather light from a source and converge (condense) it onto an image plane.
CONDITION RESPONSIVE - For class 198
Apparatus having (1) means to sense a condition of the environment surrounding the conveyor and means responsive to said sensing means to cause a change in the operating condition of the conveyor, or (2) means to sense a particular condition which may or may not exist relative to the conveyor itself, such as speed, overload, motor temperature, etc., and means responsive to said sensing means to act to change the operating condition of the conveyor.
CONDITION RESPONSIVE - For class 475
Mechanism to sense a condition or change of condition in the environment of a planetary gear transmission; and, in response to such sensing, effect a control function on the transmission or on a drive train* to or from such transmission.
CONDUCTION ELECTRONS - For class 257
In a conductor or n-type semiconductor, outer shell electrons that are bound so loosely that they can move freely in the conduction band of a solid material under the influence of an electric field.
CONDUCTION BAND - For class 257
A partially filled energy band in which electrons can move freely, permitting a material to carry electric current where electrons are the current carriers.
CONDUCTION BAND - For class 438
A partially filled energy band in which electrons can move freely, permitting a material to carry electric current where electrons are the current carriers.
CONDUCTION ELECTRONS - For class 438
In a conductor or n-type semiconductor, outer shell electrons that are bound so loosely that they can move freely in the conduction band of a solid material under the influence of an electric field.
The ability of a material to conduct electric current. Its converse is resistivity.
CONDUCTIVITY WATER - For class 210
An extremely pure water characterized by high ohmic resistance due to very low rate of ionization. See POLISHING.
A material which offers comparatively little resistance to the flow of current.
A body designed to have an electric current flowing therein. For the purpose of classification, a magnetic core is distinguished from a conductor. A conductor is designed to be connected to a source of electromotive force, or to have induced therein a voltage by inductive coupling from a current carrying conductor. A conductor, when used as a coil, and connected either directly or by mutual inductance to a source of electromotive force, creates a magnetic field due to the flow of current in the conductor. See the definition of core.
A body which is essentially a carrier of electric current with a minimum of loss as by heating.
A member intended to transmit electricity from one portion or end thereof to another portion or end thereof, and to which electricity-transmitting member the electricity-conducting part of an electrical connector is intended to be electrically joined or attached. Note. A conductor may include such diverse members as an electrical cable, a wire (either stranded or solid), a grounding plate, an inductive shield, a bus bar, or an electricity-transmitting path formed of a conductive film deposited on an insulating plate or panel, etc.
CONDUCTOR SPACING - For class 257
The distance between adjacent edges (not centerline to centerline) of isolated conductive patterns in a conductor layer.
The arrangement of electrodes of a transistor as input and output electrodes, e.g., common base configuration, where the base is included in both the input and output circuits of a transistor amplifier.
CONFINEMENT PLASMA - For class 376
For the purpose of this class, is either the containment or restraint force or the means (structure) for producing such force placed upon the charged particles or plasma, e.g., by electric or magnetic fields, so as to restrict said particles or plasma within a given volume.
The physical or mechanical joining of optical waveguiding structures to provide a stable region of light transfer therebetween. The waveguiding structures which are joined together are characterized by terminal ends which are mechanically prepared. This includes ferrule type housings for demountable as well as permanent connections, mechanical sleeves which partially or wholly surround and secure the ends of the structures or the light transfer regions, and "assistance-type" structures which serve to align and guide the ends of waveguiding structures into an effective light transfer relationship. The waveguiding structures which can be connected (as defined herein) include optical fibers, optical fiber bundles, nonfiber-like optical waveguides, and electro-optical transmitting or receiving devices (e.g., semiconductor laser diodes).
CONNECTING ROD: - For class 123
The most common link for transmitting power from a gpistonh to a gcrankshafth.
A retainer which serves to hold the members against separation.
A device for forming an electricity-conducting joint between conductors of electricity, wherein the device either (1) consists solely of an electricity-conducting element having a contact surface for forming the joint or (2) comprises an assembly which includes an electricity-conducting element having a contact surface for forming the joint and further includes any structure necessary to support, carry, or encase the conductive element; and wherein the joint is of a type which may be readily made and broken, repeatedly, either (a) by engaging or disengaging the conductive element or (b) by engaging or disengaging the conductive element with a conductor.
CONNECTOR AREA - For class 257
That portion of metallized conductors used for providing external electrical connections from a component to a chip or other component.
CONNECTOR AREA - For class 438
That portion of the electrical conductors (e.g., bonding pad, die bond, etc.) used for providing external electrical connections from a component to a chip or other component.
To form into a compact mass.
Forming of particulate material into a unitary body without heating. This may or may not include the application of pressure to the particulate material (e.g., slip casting).
A discrete element* (e.g., strand*, fiber*, particle*, etc.) of a component* or product.
The parts of a conductor designed to touch or be touched by other such parts of an electrical conductor to carry current to or from the conductor.
The point or part of a conductor which touches another electrical conductor or electrical component to carry electrical current to or from the conductor or electrical component.
An electricity-conducting component of an electrical connector, including a contact surface intended to form a readily made and broken electricity-conducting joint by directly engaging either a conductor or a corresponding surface of a cooperating joint-forming conductive component, so as to permit the passage of electricity through the joint from one component to the other.
CONTACT WINDOW - For class 257
An opening in an insulating layer to expose an underlying conductor to permit electrical contact thereto. It is also called a via hole.
A library gcontained inh a micro-organism, a cell, or a vector is a library in which the members are present in the respective biological entity (e.g., in a plasmid, etc.).
For purposes of this class is a closed can (e.g., soft drink, beer), full or empty.
This term is to be interpreted broadly. In a subclass which specifies halogen containing, for example, the halogen may be attached to other parts of the compound by ionic bonding or nonionic bonding. Further, the element contained in a material may be in any form. In a subclass such as-- Heavy metal containing catalyst (or material) utilized--, the metal may be in elemental or compound form.
To hold or enclose totally to prevent any leaching or leaking of the hazardous or toxic material into the environment, and any use of a container that is destroyed with the waste.
For purposes of this class, the term gcontainsh under a specific reactant subclass includes the term gwithh and merely requires the presence of the gcontainsh material. The required moiety, element, etc., may be in the specific reactant or in an additional reactant.
To make a first substance impure (hazardous or toxic) by contact with or by the addition of a second or more substances.
The goods or materials which are, or are to be, confined within the space defined by the cover of the package, An insert sheet or coupon, to be packaged with other goods is considered to be a part of a group contents. See gGROUP FORMINGh. A package resulting from a first packaging operation may become the contents of a second packaging operation.
CONTINUOUS CASTING - For class 164
Process of forming a product of indeterminate length wherein a portion of the product is removed from a forming mold or surface as a further contiguous portion is cast.
CONTINUOUS CASTING STRAND - For class 164
Semi-solidified product of a continuous casting process or apparatus comprising a generally molten center contained within a cooler solidified shell.
To start, or to modify the operating condition of, any portion of a work-treating or handling device Note. gStoppingh is ordinarily regarded as an aspect of gControlh, but is separately treated in this class in accordance with the class schedule. See subclasses 1+.
Includes either the maintenance of a condition at a predetermined value or the variation of a condition from one value to another.
A selective adjustment of an element of an amplifier to vary the operation of the amplifier in a desired manner, or the characteristic of a part of the amplifier whereby in response directly to signal, or by means of a developed voltage or current in response to the signal, or by a voltage from some outside source, the impedance characteristics of a circuit element, or the electrical characteristics (bias or energizing voltage) of an amplifying device are automatically altered to change the operation of the amplifier in a predetermined manner. Such control may be by a nonlinear impedance element alone in a biasing or power supply circuit. The term control has not been applied in this class, when a nonlinear impedance element is in the signal path and affects the signal only, without any control from a separate path being applied to vary such impedance.
Means to regulate the operation of the head*, the medium, and the other parts of the marking* device so that the device will operate in the intended manner.
Includes either the maintenance of a condition at a predetermined value or the variation of a condition from one value to another.
To regulate the passage, progress, or exchange of data.
CONTROL ELECTRODE - For class 313
An electrode designed to influence or control the discharge current flowing between other electrodes. It may depend for its effect on either its electro-static effect or on the current flow thereto. The most common type of control electrode is the control grid. Since, however, the grid may be used as an anode, and the anode as a grid in many types of discharge devices, the use of the expression gcontrol electrodeh has been avoided where possible and similar structures placed together irrespective of whether the disclosure indicated that the grid electrode is to be used as an anode or control electrode. Patents relating to discharge devices having one or more grid electrodes interposed between a cathode and an anode are classified in subclasses 293+ or in the subclasses referred to in the notes to these subclasses. See subclass 308 and the subclasses referred to in the notes thereto for other discharge devices having a control electrode.
CONTROL ELECTRODE - For class 330
An electrode designed to influence or control the discharge current flowing between other electrodes. It may depend for its effect on either its electrostatic effect or on the current flow thereto. The most common types of control electrodes are the signal control grid, or the gain control electrode or grid.
CONTROL ELEMENT - For class 376
For the purpose of this class, is rods, tubes, plates, etc., of a reactivity affecting material used to hold a fission reactor at a given power level or to vary the rate of reaction. Control elements can be given three names corresponding to three different functions, namely: (a) power control, regulating or fine control (affecting only a small change in reactivity); (b) safety or scram (capable or reducing the reactivity below critical and used general when some emergency condition exists, such as power level to high); and (c) shim (affecting a relatively large change in reactivity of a reactor, i.e., it is used for coarse control or reactivity).
A control electrode having grid construction.
Stream or energy field, referred to in the subclass definition, (C) (1) and (C) (2) above, that causes the diversion or alteration of the output stream.
See Control Element.
Means for regulating the operation of a separate and distinct force generating, transmitting, or retarding device (e.g., motor, drive-means*, brake) which moves or stops the movement of a relatively movable component of apparatus proper for this class (e.g., elevator car), and includes both (a) an information input component (e.g., sensor, information storage means, manual push button) and (b) a distinct component which effects the operation of the force generating, transmitting, or retarding device in a particular manner based on the input information.
CONTROLLABLE PITCH - For class 416
Comprises means for adjusting blade angle* during impeller* operation.
CONVECTIVE DISTILLATION - For class 203
A separatory distillation operation in which an inert vapor is passed through a heated liquid to reduce the partial vapor pressure of the component in the liquid desired to be recovered. It permits the separation of heat sensitive high boiling substances at temperatures below their decomposition temperature. Steam distillation is the most commonly used type of convective distillation.
CONVENTIONAL CHANNEL - For class 348
A portion of the spectrum assigned for the standard operation of a specific carrier and the minimum number of sidebands necessary to convey intelligence.
A treatment of the mineral oil which results in an alteration of the hydrocarbon molecule making up the mineral oil.
This class (363), includes only the following: (1) Changing alternating current to direct current (rectification); (2) Changing direct current to alternating current (inverting); (3) Systems having means for performing a combination of the conversions of (1) and (2) above so that the input and output current are of the same character, but the system includes intermediate means to convert the current to a different character (e.g., A.C. to D.C. to A.C.); (4) Changing the frequency of alternating current from one frequency to a different frequency; (5) Changing electrical energy having one number phases to a different number of phases; (6) Combination of any of the above.
For the purpose of this class, is the process of artificially bringing about a change or transformation in the nucleus of an atom. Nuclear conversion is generally caused by subjecting a material to particle bombardment, usually by neutron irradiation as happens in a fission reactor. See also Transmutation.
A mechanical device for receiving and carrying cuttings, for example, it may consist of a simple chute for directing cuttings away from the bore entrance, a helical screw fixed to the tool shaft, or a power-driven endless carrier type device extending between any two points within the bore or from any point within the bore to any location above ground.
Refers to gmeans for moving and placing the individual sheet with respect to a device for operation on the sheet.h Thus, in the subclasses indented under gFeedingh, the gConveyorh may be modified by means for orienting, retarding or interrupting the feed relative to the operation; and in the subclasses indented under gDeliveringh, the gConveyorh should be limited to a means for transporting the individual sheet from the operation or placing the individual sheet in a receiver for a stack of such sheets. In either case the conveyor of Class 271 is distinct from a conveyor of other classes, wherein material or articles are transported from an input location to an output location. Class 271 has also for many years included a device wherein a stack of sheets is moved as an article to a position at which sheets are removed from the stack by a separator, but has not included a device wherein a stack of sheets is formed by a delivery means, and subsequently the stack of sheets is moved as an article away from the formation position. See References With Other Classes, above, for the location of patents not proper for Class 271.
To twist or to coil with one part of a preform overlapping another part.
A fluid (liquid, gaseous, or particulate) whose function is to absorb heat from the reactor core and to deliver this absorbed heat to a heat exchanger or other utilization means exterior to the reactor core.
The upper or topmost section of a flask, mold, or pattern.
A tangible object which carries or exhibits a picture, design, or record of data, for the guidance or direction of an operative or attendant of a selective cutting machine. (Cf. pattern*).
COPYING CAMERA OR PROJECTION PRINTER - For class 355
Apparatus for projecting an image of an original, by passing light through or around the original or reflecting light from the original, onto a photosensitive recording surface for the purpose of making a copy of the original. The image is usually enlarged or reduced in size with reference to the original. A copying camera or projection printer generally includes (1) a concentrated light source from either an artificial or natural emanation, (2) a condensing lens or other light paralleling element, (3) a holding or positioning device for the original, (4) a projection objective or projection lens system for directing light after it passes through or is reflected from the original to form an image, (5) a holder for the photosensitive medium which receives the image, and (6) opaque structure to keep unwanted light from reaching the photosensitive medium. The cameras or projectors in this class utilize artificial or natural light within the visible spectrum. The original to be projected is planar in nature with the plane extending transverse to the direction of projection, and may be transparent or opaque. The planar original is usually in the form of flexible film and may be caused to take a curved form in the original holder or film gate. In operation the original is positioned outside one focal plane of the projection lens system and an image is formed on a photosensitive medium outside the opposite focal plane of the projection lens system. The closer the original is to one focal plane the farther the image will be from the other focal plane, and the bigger the image will be. In the camera or projector, the relative positioning of the object is usually obtained by moving the projection lens system and adjusting its focal length rather than by changing the position of the original.
A separable part of a mold that is used to create openings and various shaped cavities in the casting.
See the Class Definition, C, and see References to the Current Class for a reference to the difference between a core and plunger.
A magnetic or magnetizable body having a magnetic permeability greater than one. The proximate purpose of a core is to increase the inductance of an associated coil by increasing the number of magnetic flux interlinkages of the coil. Although the material of the core is electrically conductive such electrical conductivity is usually minimized by using magnetic material of high resistivity in the form of bundles of fine wires, stacks of thin laminations insulated from each other or a suspension of iron powder in an electrically insulating binder.
A separable static male shaping surface providing a hollow portion in a casting. A core is differentiated from a plunger in that a plunger moves during a shaping operation.
intermediate portion of a composite* product. In a composite web* or sheet*, a core lies between two other components*; in a rod* or strand* or filament*, a core is the inner portion covered with another layer. If a core is claimed, per se, it is to be assumed for purposes of this class that the other layer(s)* or component(s)* are included. (Structural)
A box or container in which foundry cores are made.
A special projection on a pattern for forming impressions or core seats in the mold into which the core itself is inserted. Also refers to the projection on the core itself which fits into the core seat.
See Reactor Core.
That portion of an article of food that is located in and around the geometrical center of the food; however, the outer periphery of the core-pit is NOT necessarily equidistant for the outer periphery of the food, (e.g., a generally ellipsoidal gpith in a generally spherical peach). Further, in some varieties of food (e.g., a relatively small variety of apple) a drilling or punch-die type means which may remove a substantially right circular cylinder section, when aligned with the stem-blossom axis of the apple, will usually remove not only the seed pocket but also that portion of the apple containing matter connected to both the stem and blossom ends of the apple. Thus, the core-pit portion may include a central portion only, or a central portion plus a right-circular-cylinder section containing the central portion.
This expression usually precedes the word gmeansh, and is intended to comprehend a gmechanical treatmenth which contacts all or a portion of the core-pit and then severs, tears away, separates, and/or removes the core-pit from the remaining portion of the food.
The outer bark of cork oak. The cork may be in the form of slabs or may be used as a filler in finely divided form. (Nonstructural or Composition)
A statistical measurement of the interdependence or association between two variables that are quantitative or qualitative in nature. A typical calculation would be performed by multiplying a signal by either another signal (cross-correlation) or by a delayed version of itself (autocorrelation).
CORROSION (See METAL CORROSION) - For class 510
To shape a layer into parallel rows of wavelike folds extending along its width or length and transverse to the thickness.
Shaping a layer throughout its thickness into a row of wavelike folds.
Natural aluminum oxide; Al2O3; sometimes with intended small amounts of cobalt (green), chromium (red; i.e., ruby), iron (yellow), magnesium, or silica; synthetic emery.
A voltage developed in an inductive circuit (e.g., in an armature winding) by an alternating or pulsating current. The polarity of this voltage is at every instant opposite that of the applied voltage.
The interchange of light radiation among or between waveguiding structures,wherein the mechanical interconnection between the structures is of little or no importance. The radiation interchange may be accomplished through any of a number of physical phenomena, including the evanescent wave coupling phenomenon, various modal coupling phenomena, refraction, reflection, as well as through induced changes in structure parameters which govern light transmission (for example, electro-optically or electromagnetically induced refractive index changes in an "interaction" or coupling region). However, devices for input/output of a light wave to/from an optical confinement area, or devices for manipulating an optical wave within or adjacent to an optical confinement area, which employ holography, are classified in the holography area of the Class 359 schedule.
COUPLING NETWORKS - For class 333
(a) Networks including significant reactive structure for effecting the transfer of oscillatory energy from one circuit to another circuit and having attenuation and/or delay characteristics over a frequency range for attenuating and/or delaying in a predetermined manner wave energy passing therethrough, and/or providing an impedance match between the network and at least one of the circuits; (b) smoothing type wave filters having shunt capacitance, or series inductance, or both usually designed to pass direct current and to reduce the effect of any undesired alternating or pulsating current, or to pass direct current and low frequency alternating current or pulsating current and to reduce the effect of any undesired higher frequency alternating or pulsating current.
An electrical connector comprising a contact and additional supporting structure specially adapted to mate with a specific complementary electrical connector. Note. A gspecific complementary electrical connectorh is also a gcoupling parth in this class, but may be referred to as a gmating parth in order to distinguish it from the first mentioned coupling part. Also, such a gcounterparth and the complementary contact thereof may be referred to as the gcounter-contacth. Note. A relatively short, generally stationary rodlike connector is not considered to be a gcoupling parth even though it otherwise meets the limitations of this definition, because such structure has not been so considered in the past. Similarly, a connector for interfitting with such a short rodlike connector is not considered to be a gcoupling parth. Such a connector may commonly be used on an automobile electrical energy battery. Note further that this restriction does not apply to a generally fixed socket and a cooperating short rodlike connector. Note. A bare wire (or cable) making electrical contact is not a coupling part; nor is a connector for making direct engagement with such a wire. Also, neither a threaded stud nor a ring for fitting over such a stud is considered to be a coupling part.
COVALENT BONDING - For class 257
The sharing of electrons by atoms in which each atom contributes one of a pair of electrons shared by another atom and forming a bond between those two atoms.
Generally synonymous with groofh but used where groofh in some instances may be inapt, e.g., a covering supported by an article, a canopy, a man-hole closure, etc.
A member, made from sheet material stock which serves to confine the contents by either a complete encasement or a partial encasement, and which fully encircles or encompasses the contents in at least one direction. A band, closure, preformed container, carton or receptacle, though said members are not gmade from sheet materialh, are each considered covers for this class. A spindle or core which extends into or through a preformed aperture in the contents is considered to be a partial cover. See subclass 581. See gBANDh, gCLOSUREh, and gRECEPTACLEh.
Some accessory, device or abiding characteristic which is supplied to, or formed integral with, a cover to perform some function in addition to the mere enclosing of the contents. Such adjuncts include the addition to a cover of (1) a filament, strand, wire, stamp, label, handle, or display support, (2) a filler piece for the gap resulting between two or more folded flaps, (3) some auxiliary cover seam retaining device, including a staple, a clip, a sewn stitch, or a simultaneously integrally formed and set tab-and-slot retaining means, (4) a coating, printing, embossing or other marking, ornamenting or display feature, (5) some means to provide for opening the cover such as, e.g., a tear strip, (6) a cover attached reinforcement, article holder, or article remover, or (7) a window or window opening, (8) a contents contacting sealing spot, disc or gasket, (9) a superimposed disc which is applied to a hood or cap so as to depress said disc and a portion of the hood or cap within the aperture of a receptacle, (10) a cam actuated sealing or gripping means on the closure for fastening said closure, or (11) a protection strip placed over the contents of a receptacle (e.g., matches) and inserted between the side of the receptacle and the contents. However, the operations of slitting or notching of cover blanks and flaps preparatory to the shaping of the cover, or the application of adhesive to the cover to aid in seam retaining are not considered cover-adjuncts for this class. Nor is the addition of a transitory characteristic to a cover for the purpose of aiding in the packaging, e.g., the addition of moisture to a wrapper, considered to be a cover-adjunct.
A conversion treatment in which the hydrocarbons of the mineral oil are broken down to a shorter carbon chain length, resulting in hydrocarbons having a lower boiling temperature, which may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst (catalytic cracking) or in the absence of any catalyst (thermal cracking).
Glassware having a surface which was intentionally cracked by water immersion and partially healed by reheating.
The most common type of goutput shafth, which is journaled to turn about a fixed axis and including an offset portion for receiving energy from the piston.
A loose weave binding cloth which is generally applied with adhesive to the back() of a bound book(*) as a reinforcing material prior to the application of the book(*) covering member.
Denotes a thick, usually opaque, emulsion having little or no tendency to flow.
Crepe is a general classification of fabrics characterized by a broad range of crinkled or grained surface effects.
For the purpose of this class, is the term used to describe the condition in which a chain reaction is being maintained at a constant level, i.e., it is just self-sustaining. In order for this state to exist a sufficient quantity of fissile material (critical mass) must be assembled in the proper shape and concentration.
Critical bandwidths - For class 704
Bandwidths of the hearing process, as measured by the masking effect of a white, random noise in which a person detects a pure tone.
CROSS-LINKER DYE ADDITIVE - For class 008
A cross-linker dye additive is a compound added to assist in dyeing which reacts chemically with both the dye and substrate, other than due to chelate formation.
A vessel for containing a molten material. The crucible may be of the same material as the molten material and may ultimately become molten.
A component of the furnace which holds, or otherwise contains the charge.
CRUCIBLE FURNACE - For class 075
A furnace in which the material to be heated is placed in a refractory container, the container is covered with a lid, and the covered container is heated in a furnace. The material is heated solely by heat conducted through the walls of the crucible.
An active solid-state device which operates at cryogenic temperatures, i.e., at temperatures at or below 77 degrees Kelvin, by avalanche breakdown caused by impact ionization of device impurities.
Determination of encryption code of encrypted message (i.e., codebreaking).
CRYPTOCRYSTALLINE - For class 117
Microscopic crystalline structure, indistinguishable to the naked eye.
The study of secret information storage or communication.
Secret information storage or communication. This includes equipment or process which (a) conceals or obscures intelligible information by transforming such information so as to make the information unintelligible to a casual or unauthorized recipient, or (b) extracts intelligible information from such a concealed representation, including breaking of unknown codes and messages.
A solid substance whose atoms are arranged with periodic geometric regularity, called a lattice.
CRYSTAL BOUNDARY - For class 117
The interface between a crystal and its surroundings; e.g., another crystal, air.
CRYSTAL DEFECT - For class 257
Any nonuniformity in a crystal lattice. There are four categories of crystal defects: (1) point defects, (2) line defects, (3) area defects, and (4) volume defects. Point defects include any foreign atom at a regular lattice site (substitutional site) or between lattice sites (interstitial site), anti-site defects in compound semiconductors, e.g., Ga in As or As in Ga, missing lattice atoms, and host atoms located between lattice sites and adjacent to a vacant site (Frenkel defects). Line defects, also called edge dislocations, include extra planes of atoms in a lattice. Area defects include twins or twinning (a change in crystal orientation across a lattice) and grain boundaries (a transition between crystals having no particular positional orientation to one another. Volume defects include precipitates of impurity or dopant atoms caused by volume mismatch between a host lattice and precipitates.
CRYSTAL DEFECT - For class 438
Any nonuniformity in a crystal lattice. There are four categories of crystal defects: (a) point defects, (b) line defects, (c) area defects, and (d) volume defects. Point defects include any foreign atom at a regular lattice site (i.e., substitutional site) or between lattice sites (i.e., interstitial site), antisite defects in compound semiconductors (e.g., Ga in As or As in Ga), missing lattice atoms, and host atoms located between lattice sites and adjacent to a vacant site (i.e., Frenkel defects). Line defects, also called edge or screw dislocations, include extra planes of atoms in a lattice. Area defects include twins or twinning (i.e., a change in crystal orientation across a lattice) and grain boundaries (i.e., a transition between crystals having no particular positional orientation to one another). Volume defects include precipitates of impurity or dopant atoms caused by volume mismatch between a host lattice and precipitates.
Channeled substrate buried heterostructure
Coherent Superlattice.
Coherent superlattice
Indicates that the substituent is bonded to a carbon.
Charge transfer device
Coherent Tilted Superlattice.
Coherent tilted superlattice
Waste or broken glass.
Waste or broken plastic.
A tube having one end closed.
A shaft furnace primarily designed to melt metal by use of a solid fuel charged with the metal. A gas containing gaseous Oxygen (e.g., air) is blown into the bottom of the furnace to burn the fuel and cause the metal to melt from the heat of combustion.
A chemical or physical treatment to obtain a stable state of a preform or product, (e.g., by vulcanizing, drying, etc.).
CURRENT CONVERSION - For class 363
The transformation of electrical energy from alternating current to direct current or the transformation of direct current to alternating current.
CURRENT OR VOLTAGE MAGNITUDE CONTROL - For class 363
Includes controlling either the amplitude of the current or voltage, or controlling the average or effective value of the current or voltage, even though the amplitude is not controlled.
CUSHIONING MEANS: - For class 410
Fore-and-aft slide cushioning means - Load unit protection means supplementing load accommodation. The effect of inadvertently inertial forces which could cause damage to the load unit is mitigated by means so supplementing accommodation as to permit such an extent of reactive movement of the load unit or the accommodating means, or both as to be adequate to prevent damage that could occur were the load rigidly fixed to the freight carrier. When the forces guarded against and the reactive movement acts in the direction along the longitudinal axis of the freight carrier, this is recognized as fore-and- aft direction slide cushioning. The effect of only mere compression-relaxation of a resilient block is not intended to be included in the cushioning concept.
To separate any portion of a workpiece from any other portion of the same workpiece by a step of machining (e.g., grinding, drilling, boring, milling, planing), severing (e.g., breaking, sawing, slicing, shearing), or by intrusion of a sharp-edged or pointed tool without removal of material (e.g., stabbing, splitting, intrusive punching). See gSeverh and gPierceh.
The term as used in this class means some mechanically operative element or device (not gas pressure) which arrests flow of material.
A minimum value of voltage or current applied to an active device which stops the device from operating in a particular manner.
See Tool*.
A marginal portion of a tool comprising a line or point on the surface of the tool formed by the intersection of a plurality of planar surfaces, specifically adapted to perform a cutting function.
Chemical Vapor Deposition. CVD may be employed to produce single-crystal*, polycrystal, or amorphous material. See also MOCVD.
Chemical vapor deposition
Denotes a triple bond between an adjacent carbon and nitrogen atom. As used in this class, cyano is always bonded directly to a phosphorus atom through the carbon atom.
A sequence of manipulative steps governed by a mechanism such as a cam, timer, program means, etc.
CYCLIC PITCH CHANGE - For class 416
Wherein the blade angle of each working member of an impeller is varied for only a predetermined limited portion of each working cycle, each working member being similarly adjusted in sequence as it, in turn, reaches the predetermined portion of the working cycle. though the impeller need comprise only a single working member.
CYCLICAL OPERATION - For class 141
This term describes a filling system in which no operator intervention is required from the time a receiver is placed in filling position at least until the receiver is filled and ready to be removed. The flow of contents material may be cut off by a movement of the receiver which occurs in the sequence of events in the machine.
This term refers to a ring of a polycyclo ring system.
CYCLOALIPHATIC - For class 987
Denotes a ring composed solely of a carbon atom and includes aryl.
A device using centrifugal force to separate. The process is called cyclonic; see centrifuge.
A rigid external member which permanently surrounds the piston, the latter constituting a relatively moving wall for the expansible chamber, the other walls of which are formed by the cylinder, and the cylinder ordinarily including the abutment or reaction surface against which the motive fluid acts or the piston forming the abutment for the cylinder when the cylinder is movable and the piston fixed. However, the abutment or reaction surface for the piston need not necessarily be formed by the cylinder, but may be formed by a second relatively movable opposed piston within the cylinder. If the piston withdraws from the cylinder merely to control the motive fluid, the piston is still considered to be permanently surrounded by the cylinder.
A rigid external member which permanently surrounds the piston, the latter constituting a relatively moving wall for the expansible chamber, the other walls of which are formed by the cylinder, and the cylinder ordinarily including the abutment or reaction surface against which the motive fluid acts, or the piston forming the abutment for the cylinder when the cylinder is movable and the piston fixed. However, the abutment or reaction surface for the piston need not necessarily be formed by the cylinder but may be formed by a second relatively movable opposed piston within the cylinder.
An external member having wall or surface portions forming part of the working chamber of the rotary expansible chamber device, the member being either fixed or movable and may surround a fixed reaction member to move or be moved by the working fluid and may also include an abutment or reaction surface against which working fluid acts. However, the abutment or reaction surface for the rotary expansible chamber device need not necessarily be formed by the cylinder but may be formed by relatively movable opposed rotating members within the cylinder at least one of which is a working member.
A device consisting of bars mounted on two hubs that are supported on a shaft that run the length of the threshing unit. There are three types of cylinders; rasp-bar cylinder, spike-tooth cylinder, and angle-bar cylinder.
a member having an internally facing surface of a shape generated by a straight line rotating a fixed distance about an axis.
Abbreviation for Czochralski. J. Czochralski was the Polish inventor of the basic single crystal pulling method (1918) bearing his name.
Czoshralski (melt pulling)
A signal coupling network including a D.C.. conductive path. In a four terminal network such paths must be traced between terminals on the circuits to and from which the coupling is made which vary in voltage with the signal (this excludes D.C.. paths limited to ground leads or D.C.. shunt paths).
D.C. PATH OR D.C. CONDUCTIVE PATH - For class 330
A path for current in a network which can conduct D.C.. current.
diacetoxyditertiarybutoxysilane
diacetoxydiisopropoxysilane
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. Also see: Address Data; Instruction Data; Status Data; User Data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation or processing.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. See Address Data, Instruction Data, Status Data, and User Data in this Glossary.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Address data: data that represent or identify a source or destination.
Instruction data: data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any.
Status data: data that represent conditions of data, digital data processing systems, computers, peripherals, memory, etc.
Streamed data: data consisting of a more-or-less continuous series of bits, bytes, or other small, structurally uniform units.
User data: data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Address data - Data that represent or identify a source or destination.
Instruction data - Data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any.
Status data - Data that represent conditions of data, computers, peripherals, memory, etc.
User data - Data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. See ADDRESS DATA, INSTRUCTION DATA, STATUS DATA, and USER DATA in this glossary,
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Address data-Data that represent or identify a source or destination.
Instruction data-Data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any.
Status data-Data that represent conditions of data, digital data processing systems, computers, peripherals, memory, etc.
User data-Data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Address data - Data that represent or identify a source or destination.
Instruction data - Data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any.
Status data - Data that represent conditions of data, computers, peripherals, memory, etc.
User data - Data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
A representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing. Address data: data that represent or identify a source or destination. Instruction data: data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any. Status data: data that represent conditions of data, digital data processing systems, computers, peripherals, memory, etc. Streamed data: data consisting of a more-or-less continuous series of bits, bytes, or other small, structurally uniform units. User data: data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
A representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
Address data: data that represent or identify a source or destination.
Instruction data: data that represent an operation and identify its operands, if any.
Status data: data that represent conditions of data, digital data processing systems, computers, peripherals, memory, etc.
Streamed data: data consisting of a more-or-less continuous series of bits, bytes, or other small, structurally uniform units.
User data: data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
Any representation of a digital or analog quantity to which meaning has been assigned. A representation of facts, concepts, or instructions, in a manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by humans or by automatic means.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 345
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 701
For the purpose of this class, data processing is defined as a systematic operation on data in accordance with a set of rules which results in a significant change in the data.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 702
For the purpose of this class, data processing is defined as a systematic operation on data in accordance with a set of rules which results in a significant change in the data.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 705
(For the purpose of this class) A systematic operation on data in accordance with a set of rules which results in a significant change in the data.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 706
See PROCESSING, below
DATA PROCESSING - For class 707
See Processing, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 709
See PROCESSING, below.
data processing - For class 710
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 711
See PROCESSING below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 712
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 713
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 714
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 715
See PROCESSING*, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 718
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING - For class 719
See PROCESSING, below.
DATA PROCESSING (for the purpose of this class): - For class 700
A systematic operation on data in accordance with a set of rules which results in a significant change in the data.
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing.
A collection of data arranged for ease of storage, retrieval, updating, searching and sorting by computerized means.
distributed Bragg reflector
direct-coupled FET logic
dichromated gelatin
dichlorosilane
double diffused epitaxy
deep dielectric isolation
DE BROGLIE WAVELENGTH - For class 257
The wavelength of a particle, based on L.V. de Broglie"s theory that particles exhibit wavelike characteristics.
DE BROGLIE WAVELENGTH - For class 977
Wavelength of a particle under quantum mechanical conditions wherein the particle acts as a wave; calculated by a ratio of Planckfs constant to the particlefs momentum.
An unbiased bolt normally at rest, whether or not so held, and movable only by a positively initiated external force.
A slotted floating, refractory block through which glass issues in the formation of a glass sheet during a drawing operation.
Method enabling the determination of the structure of a library member or the reaction sequence leading to its preparation, which method involves greadingh (e.g., determining the structure of, etc.) a surrogate analyte (e.g., code, tag, label, etc.) associated with said library member.
Process of fractionating (normally by resynthesis or by elaborating a partial library) a pool with some level of the desired activity to give a set of smaller pools. See also iterative deconvolution.
DECRYPTING OR DECIPHERING - For class 380
A process of extracting concealed information from an intentionally obscured form and changing it into a form intelligible to a recipient with proper authorization or equipment.
DEEP DEPLETION - For class 257
The condition in which a depletion layer formed in a MOS active device due to voltage applied to the gate electrode of the device, is deeper than the maximum depth at which inversion would normally be expected to occur at room temperature in a semiconductor device at the surface closest to the gate electrode, without formation of an inversion layer.
DEEP DEPLETION - For class 438
The condition in which a depletion layer formed in a MOS active device due to voltage applied to the gate electrode of the device is deeper than the maximum depth at which inversion would normally be expected to occur at room temperature in a semiconductor device at the surface closest to the gate electrode, without formation of an inversion layer.
DEEP GROOVE ISOLATION - For class 257
Electrical isolation of adjacent devices in a single monolithic semiconductor chip by grooves extending deeply into and below the surface of the chip between the devices.
DEEP LEVEL CENTERS - For class 438
Energy levels that can act as traps located in the forbidden band of a semiconductor material that are not near the conduction or valence band edges.
DEEP-LEVEL CENTERS - For class 257
Energy levels that can act as traps located in the forbidden band of a semiconductor material that are not near the conduction or valence band edges.
An element of instrumentality which engages successively presented portions of moving work and forces said portions from a first path of motion into a second and different path of motion. Note. The gDeflectorh may comprise a single deflecting surface forcing all portions of work in a single direction, or a plurality of elements acting differently upon different portions of work.
A solid means arranged exteriorly of the egress port or last point of confinement for dispersing or redirecting the effluent. Some deflectors may be abrupt continuations of the terminal flow conducting means unitarily formed therewith.
(1) An element or device secured within and in fixed relation to the mixing chamber, or (2) a stationary device in a movable mixing chamber for diverting or separating portions of material and then permitting them to recombine so as to commingle, thus causing or assisting in agitation of the material.
In this class is used in the sense imparted by the Class Definition and Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class in Class 72.
The physical act of or means for shaping without any substantial removal of material. This term includes forging, rolling, densifying, extruding, drawing and stretching.
Doping of a semiconductor to such an extent that the Fermi level lies within the conduction band (N+ semiconductor) or within the valence band (P+ semiconductor). Also, in circuit applications, negative feedback between two or more active solid-state devices.
Doping of a semiconductor to such an extent that the Fermi level lies within the conduction band (i.e., N+ semiconductor) or within the valence band (i.e., P+ semiconductor). Also, in circuit applications, negative feedback between two or more active solid-state devices.
DEGREE OF FREEDOM - For class 901
Each linear or rotary movement along or about a given axis.
dual electron injection structure
Includes phase distortion and also includes the retardation of a single pulse with respect to time.
Networks including significant structure for retarding wave energy a predetermined period of time over a range of frequencies.
Networks including significant structure for retarding wave energy a predetermined period of time over a range of frequencies.
Refers to the gmeans for removing the individual sheet from the operation after having been operated on or placing the individual sheet on a receiver after having been operated on.h
The act of sending something, such as motion video data, to an intended destination.
A device which extracts an arbitrarily varying modulating signal from an electrical or electromagnetic modulated signal of less than infrared frequency.
The statistical characteristics of human populations, such as age or income, used especially to identify markets.
Artificially manufactured molecule, such as a synthesized polymer, etc.
DENOMINATIONAL-STOP - For class 400
A component of the carriage* mechanism that causes stopping of the carriage in any of selected denominational column positions. In a denominational column a sequence of numerical digits is imprinted on one print-line* and further sequences of numeral digits are imprinted in successive print-lines, one print-line below the previous print-line. The distinguishing characteristic of a denominational column is that the decimal point of successive print-lines of numeral digits is in vertical array, or in the instance where the decimal point of successive numbers is not actually imprinted, the gunitsh digit of the successive numbers is in vertical array. Thus the position where the carriage will be stopped to imprint each of a succession of numbers will depend on whether the first digit of a sequence of numeral digits is to be a ghundredsh digit, or a gtensh digit, etc. A denominational-stop is usually a gcounter stoph (see the discussion under the definition of tab-rack* in this Glossary).
DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY (DFT) - For class 977
Theory explaining and calculating the electronic structure of molecules and solids.
DEPLETION LAYER - For class 257
See DEPLETION REGION.
DEPLETION MODE - For class 257
The operation of a field-effect transistor having appreciable channel conductivity for zero gate- source voltage and whose channel conductivity may be increased or decreased according to the polarity of the applied gate-source voltage, by changing the gate-to-source voltage from zero to a finite value, resulting in a decrease in the magnitude of the drain current.
DEPLETION MODE - For class 438
The operation of a field effect transistor having appreciable channel conductivity for zero gate-source voltage and whose channel conductivity may be increased or decreased according to the polarity of the applied gate-source voltage, by changing the gate-to-source voltage from zero to a finite value, resulting in a decrease in the magnitude of the drain current.
DEPLETION REGION - For class 257
The region extending on both sides of a reverse biased semiconductor junction in which free carriers are removed from the vicinity of the junction. It is also called a space charge region, a barrier region, or an intrinsic semiconductor region.
DEPLETION REGION - For class 438
The region extending on both sides of a reverse biased semiconductor junction in which free carriers are removed from the vicinity of the junction. It is also called a space charge region, a barrier region, or an intrinsic semiconductor region.
DEPOLARIZATION - For class 320
The process of preserving or restoring a primary cell by partially or completely removing its increased resistance (i.e., polarization) as the potential of an electrode changes during electrolysis.
An article adapted to include a sheet retainer*, of this class, for the retention of apertured sheets* and intended to receive both (1) the nonthickness surface (See Fig. 1) and (2) the thickness surface (See Fig. 1) of the sheet or either (1) or (2) above.
See debiteuse.
For purposes of this class derivatives included with the production of a named compound are only the inorganic anion or inorganic cation salts thereof, e.g., metal, ammonium, halogen, carbonate, etc.
The process of removing inorganic salts, most usually sodium chloride, from water.
DESIGNATED CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (DCC) - For class 204
A composition in which at least one of the chemical atoms can either be deduced with certainty or be determined to belong to a limited select group of elements (as indicated in the exemplary lists of terms provided below); except that for the purposes of this class, gorganich is considered to be too broad, eventhough inherently reciting the presence of a carbon atom. An exemplary list of terms used to describe compositions to be regarded as DCC"s is as follows: alcohol, alkali or alkaline earth metal, amine, carbon black, carboxylic acid, chalcogen, drying oil, ether, fat, fatty acid or ester, halogen, hydrocarbon, latex, metal hydrate, peroxide, peroxy-, proton donor, sulfide, water, etc. An exemplary list of terms used to describe compositions not to be regarded as DCC"s is as follows: amphoteric, anionic, antioxidant, blue, cationic, cosolvent, conductor, crystalline, curing catalyst, deliquescent, dielectric, dispersant, drier, electrophoretic, emulsifier, fibrous, filler, fluorescent, free radical, gas, humectant, hydrophillic, inorganic compound, insulator, ionic, Lewis acid or base, liquid, lubricant, luminescent, metal containing, mineral, numerically described without designating a chemical atom or a limited select group of elements, organic compound, organic solvent, organometallic, particulate, phosphorescent, pigment, plastic, plasticizer, preservative, solid, solvent, stabilizer, surface active agent, surfactant, wax, Ziegler or Natta catalysts, etc. These lists are not intended to be exhaustive.
DESIGNATED ELEMENTAL NONACTIVE INGREDIENT - For class 514
Denotes an elemental material either metallic or nonmetallic and which is identified by its chemical nature, e.g., iron, silver, etc., or is identified in a generic manner, e.g., alkali metal atom, etc. The term nonactive as used herein denotes the absence of any physiological, pharmacological or biological affect attributed to the elemental material.
DESIGNATED INORGANIC NONACTIVE INGREDIENT - For class 514
Denotes an inorganic compound which is identified by at least one chemical atom, e.g., sodium-containing, etc., or is identified as a generic type of inorganic chemical compound, e.g., alkali metal-containing, etc. The term nonactive as used herein denotes the absence of any physiological, pharmacological or biological affect attributed to the inorganic material.
DESIGNATED NONREACTANT MATERIAL (DNRM) - For class 522
As used in this class, designated nonreactant material (DNRM) is a material wherein at least one of the chemical atoms can be deduced with certainty. For purposes of this class, organic material although inherently reciting the presence of a carbon atom is considered to be too broad. An exemplary list of materials to be regarded as DNRM"s is as follows: metal hydrate, chalcogen, carboxylic acid, peroxy, peroxide, latex, alkali or alkaline earth metal, transition metal, halogen, proten donor, sulfiede, drying oil, fat, fatty acid or ester, water, carbon black, etc. This list is by no means limited to the above examples. The following list is not exhaustive and merely enumerates certain materials that will not be considered as DNRM"s, e.g., organic compound, metal containing, inorganic compound, organometallic compound, solvent, wax, magnetic, hydrophobic, hydrophillic, antiplasticizer, plasticizer, filler, preservative, antioxidant, antiozonant, stablizer, lubricant, fibrous additive, particulate additive, liquid, solid, gas, dispersant, emulsifier, crystalline, plastic, flourescent, phosphorescent, liminescent, deliquescent, drier, dessicant, humectant, blue color,numerically described without providing a chemical atom, Lewis acid or base, mineral, organic solvent, cosolvent, Ziegler or Natta catalysts, alfin catalyst, free radical, amphoteric, anionic, ionic, denaturant, electrostatic, dielectric, conductor, insulator, etc. This list is to be regarded as illustrative rather than exhaustive.
DESIGNATED ORGANIC ACTIVE INGREDIENT (DOAI) DENOTES - For class 514
(1) The active ingredient is identified by at least one chemical atom, e.g., organic phosphorus compound, etc., or (2) The active ingredient is identified as a generic type of chemical atom, e.g., alcohol, ether, etc. The term active denotes the presence of a physiological, pharmacological or biological affect.
DESIGNATED ORGANIC NONACTIVE INGREDIENT DENOTES - For class 514
(1) A nonactive ingredient is identified by at least one chemical atom or (2) the nonactive ingredient is identified as a generic type of chemical compound, e.g., starch, etc. The term nonactive denotes the absence of any physiological, pharmacological or biological affect attributed to the organic material.
To convert the hazardous or toxic waste to an environmentally safe substance to include the steps used to prepare the waste for destruction as well as the actual destruction.
DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION - For class 201
See thermolytic distillation.
DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION - For class 202
See thermolytic distillation.
The term gdetect,h which is used in many of the control subclasses, is used in both a quantitative and a qualitative sense. This means that a definite measurement of a process variable is made (e.g., temperature, pressure, concentration, etc.) or that the presence of a particular event is determined (e.g., presence of sparking, change in liquid level determined by position of float, etc.).
The term gdetect,h which is used in many of the control subclasses, is used in both a quantitative and a qualitative sense. This means that a definite measurement of a process variable is made (e.g., temperature, pressure, concentration, etc.) or that the presence of a particular event is determined (e.g., presence of sparking, change in liquid level determined by position of float, etc.).
A mechanism for sensing a physical property or characteristic of, or the presence or absence or passage of, the work or the product or a movable element of a machine; which mechanism effects a signal or impulse as a result of such sensing. The signal or impulse is sent through a transmitter, (see definition of gtransmitterh below) and effects or initiates the functioning of a machine part or assembly controlled by the detector.
A material or device whose response to radiant energy is used to indicate the presence or amount of incident radiation. Also, called gSignalling Meansh.
A material or device whose response to X-ray energy is used to indicate the presence or amount of incident radiation.
A compound and/or composition characterized by the ability to remove unwanted materials from a solid surface by physicochemical means, i.e., emulsifying, dispersing, suspending, dissolving, etc.
DEVELOPING APPARATUS - For class 396
Developing apparatus is that which makes a photographic image visible.
An assemblage of components at a single location or which may have its several components at geos:graphically distinct locations, i.e., a network.
DEVICE (ACTIVE) - For class 257
The physical realization of an individual electrical element in a physically independent body which cannot be further divided without destroying its stated function. Examples are transistors, pnpn structures, and tunnel diodes.
DEVICE (ACTIVE) - For class 438
The physical realization of an individual electrical element in a physically independent body which cannot be further divided without destroying its stated function. Examples are transistors, pnpn structures, and tunnel diodes.
The changing of glass in the amorphous state to crystalline state generally by holding a glass melt at a temperature which favors crystal growth.
diethylzinc
distributed feedback (laser)
double-hetero
double-hetero bipolar transistor
dilute hydrofluoric acid
dielectric isolation
Generating a call address signal. Although a dial is a rotary pulse generating switch, the term dialing is sometimes used generically as in the terms "tone dialing" and "resistance dialing".
See DIALYSIS.
A process of separating a dissolved constituent from a liquid by transport or migration from the liquid through a membrane into a second liquid. The membrane may be semipermeable or the second liquid may have greater affinity for the constituent but the net effect of the combined membrane-extracting liquid is to selectively remove a constituent from the first liquid. The process is provided for in subclasses 644+. An in-depth explanation is given in Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology 2nd ed. Vol. 7, pp. 1-20. Dialysate is the product of a dialysis method and the term is not always used for the same product, including retentate and diffusate.
A diaphragm is a device to change the light flux passing through the aperture.
Al2O3.H2O; a natural hydrous aluminum oxide; HAlO2.
For purposes of this class classified as an amylase.
DIATOMACEOUS EARTH - For class 516
Diatomite, Kieselguhr. Siliceous material composed of the skeletal remains of small, prehistoric organisms (diatoms). About 88% silica.
drain induced barrier lowering
As used in one sense, the term dichroic refers to (1) the property of some materials to absorb to a greater degree one or the other of the two orthogonal component vectors which can be considered as constituting ordinary light. This results in producing light polarized to a degree depending upon the relative absorption of the two components. The term dichroic is also used to refer to (2) an optical element which will transmit light of one color and reflect other colors with little light being absorbed. These elements are usually composed of superimposed strata of dielectric materials.
A metal-deforming tool* which, as disclosed, has a shaping or reshaping function with regard to the portion(s) of work engaged by it. Note. For the purposes of this class, a gDieh may be regarded as a tool which leaves or impresses its characteristic mark on the engaged face portion of work. The mark may be a three-dimensional imprint of the die face (see gTool Faceh), or may simply be the trace or track left by passage of the gDieh while in forcible engagement with the work, with or without accompanying deformation in other portions of the work. If the tool-engaged face of the work remains unaltered in shape or position, the tool is regarded as an anvil*; if altered in position only, the tool in question is a work-forcer*. See gAnvilh, gClosed Dieh. gToolh, and gWork- Forcerh.
A tiny piece of semiconductor material, separated from a semiconductor slice, on which one or more active electronic components are formed. Sometimes called a chip.
An apparatus part having a work contacting part for shaping or reshaping the work.
A tiny piece of semiconductor material, separated from a semiconductor slice, on which one or more active electronic components are formed. Sometimes called a chip.
Attachment of a semiconductor chip to a substrate or chip carrier or package, usually with an epoxy, eutectic, or solder alloy.
Attachment of a semiconductor chip to a substrate or chip carrier or package, usually with an epoxy, eutectic, or solder alloy.
dielectrically encapsulated trench capacitor
DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMISSION - For class 475
Mechanism having separate outputs driven simultaneously from a different member of a planetary gear transmission; the arrangement being such that a change in speed of one of the outputs, in at least one mode of operation, has a direct effect on the speed of the other output.
The bending of a light ray in passing the edge formed by contiguous opaque and transparent edges.
A phenomenon resulting from the wave nature of light, e.g., light passing through a slit of decreasing width, forms a narrower and narrower beam until the slit width approaches the wavelength of light, after which further decreasing of the slit width results in a beam having a larger and larger divergence.
The bending of a light ray in passing the edge formed by contiguous opaque and transparent areas.
DIFFRACTION PATTERN - For class 359
The intensity profile of a light beam after having passed by a diffracting aperture or object.
The material passed through in a diffusing process.
The passing of a constituent through a membrane or septum.
Pertaining to the scattering or random deviation of transmitted or reflected light.
Pertaining to the scattering or random deviation of transmitted or reflected light.
DIFFUSED JUNCTION - For class 257
A junction between two different conductivity regions within a semiconductor and which is formed by diffusion of appropriate impurity atoms into the material.
DIFFUSED JUNCTION - For class 438
A junction between two different conductivity regions within a semiconductor and which is formed by diffusion of appropriate impurity atoms into the material.
DIFFUSED TRANSISTOR - For class 257
A transistor in which the emitter and collector junctions are formed by diffusion of dopant atoms into the semiconductor material.
(1) The movement of carriers from a region of concentration to one of lower concentration; (2) a process of adding impurities to a semiconductor material to change its electrical characteristics.
DIFFUSION BARRIER - For class 257
An obstacle to the diffusion of charge carriers in an active solid-state device.
DIFFUSION BARRIER - For class 438
An obstacle to the diffusion of atoms in a metallization scheme for an active solid-state device.
DIFFUSION CURRENT - For class 257
Current caused by charge carriers diffusing from a volume of high carrier concentration to a volume of lower carrier concentration in a solid-state material.
DIFFUSION LENGTH - For class 257
In a homogeneous semiconductor material, the average distance minority carriers move during their lifetime (i.e., between generation and recombination).
Process in which material is acted upon by micro-organisms to cause a chemical change. The composting of sludge is a digestion process.
Devices which are forced into a mass of earth and are then raised to lift an object disposed in said earth and/or to lift portions of the earth itself with objects embedded therein.
Of or pertaining to the class of devices or circuits in which the output varies in discrete steps (i.e., pulses or "on-off" operation).
Of or pertaining to the general class of devices or circuits in which the output varies in discrete steps (cf., ganalogh above).
DIGITAL CIRCUIT - For class 326
A circuit which operates at two or more discrete welldefined logic levels or states, in the manner of a switch, such as either gonh or goffh or ghighh or glowh (i.e., high voltage or low voltage).
DIGITAL CONTROL - For class 388
A control circuit utilizing digital, as opposed to analog, signals.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 345
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 709
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 710
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 711
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 712
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 713
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 714
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
digital data processing system - For class 718
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM - For class 719
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM: - For class 707
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS - For class 715
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either memory or peripherals, or both, performing data PROCESSING*.
DIGITAL SIGNAL - For class 326
An electrical signal with discrete, well-defined logic levels or states. Digital normally means binary or two-state.
dILATANT; DILATANCY - For class 516
The property of a material wherein when subjected to shear the rate of increase of strain decreases with increasing shear. Examples are pastry doughs and highly concentrated solid colloid-sized particle suspensions.
DIMER OR TRIMER OF AN ALIPHATIC MONOCARBOXYLIC ACID - For class 520
Denotes dimeric or trimeric fatty acids prepared, e.g., by free radical, ionic, thermal polymerization, etc., of a monomeric fatty acid which can be saturated or unsaturated monocarboxylic acid having at least eight carbon atoms. So-called gpolymeric fattyh acids in the absence of other disclosure are presumed to be a mixture of dimers and trimers of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids. Included herein are reaction products of dimers or trimers wherein the dimer or trimer structure is not destroyed. Dimers or trimers of ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are presumed to be unsaturated in the absence of disclosure to the contrary.
An electronic device which has two terminals and an asymmetrical or nonlinear voltage-current characteristic.
Refers to any electronic tube, solid element, semiconductor, barrier layer device or other current carrier means limited to two electrodes and without additional magnetic or electrostatic means to influence the current flow, and which has marked unidirectional current characteristics.
DIODE ISOLATION - For class 257
A technique in which a high electrical resistance between an integrated circuit element and its substrate is achieved by surrounding the element with a reverse biased pn junction.
DIODE ISOLATION - For class 438
A technique in which a high electrical resistance between an integrated circuit element and its substrate is achieved by surrounding the element with a reverse biased pn junction.
dual-in-line package
DIP (DUAL IN-LINE PACKAGE) - For class 438
A chip carrier or package consisting of a plastic or ceramic body with two rows of vertical leads in which a semiconductor integrated circuit is assembled and sealed. The leads are typically inserted into a circuit board and secured by soldering.
DIP (DUAL-IN-LINE PACKAGE) - For class 257
A chip carrier or package consisting of a plastic or ceramic body with two rows of vertical leads in which a semiconductor integrated circuit is assembled and sealed. The leads are typically inserted into a circuit board and secured by soldering.
DIP PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY - For class 977
Method of fabrication utilizing a scanning probe tip to draw nanostructures on surfaces.
A filter having a low pass and a high pass filter that divide the frequency spectrum into two separate frequency bands that do not overlap. The diplex filter allows the placement of duplex signals onto a cable by the use of frequency division multiplexing.
DIRECT BAND GAP SEMICONDUCTOR - For class 257
A semiconductor material in which an electron transition from the conduction to the valence band, or vice versa, does not require a change in crystal momentum for the electron. Gallium arsenide is a direct band gap semiconductor material.
DIRECT BAND GAP SEMICONDUCTOR - For class 438
A semiconductor in which an electron transition from the conduction to the valence band, or vice versa, does not require a change in crystal momentum for electrons. Gallium arsenide is an example of a direct band gap semiconductor.
DIRECT CURRENT - For class 363
Direct current includes pulsating current which is of such character as to have the characteristics of direct current (e.g., such as the output of half-wave rectifier which may be smoothed by filters to produce a substantially nonpulsating current).
Direct dyes, also known as substantive dyes, are generally sulfonated azo compounds very similar to acid dyes in constitution, good for dyeing cellulose fibers or protein fibers.
DIRECTED MOLECULAR EVOLUTION - For class 506
Directed molecular evolution is a process for enriching a library in members having a property or activity of interest. Directed molecular evolution involves cycles of taking a library, subjecting it to a screen to select for the desired property or activity, and amplifying the ghitsh to provide the starting library for the subsequent cycle. gMutationsh may be introduced at the amplification stage in order to increase the diversity of the library. This subject matter involves aspects of creating and screening libraries.
DIRECTLY HEATED CATHODE OR FILAMENTARY CATHODE - For class 330
A filament designed to have its terminals connected to a source of current, the filament being heated by the current passing through it and effective to emit electrons, designed to serve as a cathode of an electronic tube as defined above.
DIRECTLY HEATED CATHODE: - For class 313
A filament designed to have its terminals connected to a source of current, the filament being heated by the current passing through it.
A conductive (usually metallic) structure (e.g., a rod) which reradiates into free space impinging electromagnetic radiation (waves) coming from or going to the active antenna, the velocity of the reradiated wave having a component in the direction of velocity of the impinging wave, thereby to modify the radiation pattern of the active antenna, there being no significant potential relationship between the active antenna and the conductive structure.
The physical act of or means for dissociating, disengaging, and/or taking apart of machines, devices, and things (articles).
Disazo for the purpose of this class is define d as a compound containing two or more azo (-N=N-) groups.
The act of removing available electrical energy from storage in a battery, cell, or capacitor via flow of electric current from the battery or capacitor to a load.
DISCHARGE ASSISTANT - For class 221
Any means (other than the weight of the article alone) which affirmatively segregates, separates or moves an article from a supply to a point of egress. All of the supply less one article may be moved to leave a segregated or separated article in discharge position or subject to further manipulation.
DISCHARGE CIRCUIT - For class 320
An electrical device or path which allows flow of electrical current from a battery or capacitor to an electrical load, especially that path or device that controls or regulates said flow.
DISCHARGE CONTROL DEVICE - For class 315
Any means associated with the discharge device (for example only, an electromagnet, a control grid or an auxiliary discharge electrode) intended to be used to control or influence the discharge between the principal electrodes of the discharge device.
DISCHARGE CONTROL ELECTRODE - For class 315
Any electrode which is designed to influence or control the discharge between the principal electrodes. It may be a control grid or an auxiliary discharge electrode. It may depend for its effect on either its electro-static effect or on the current flow thereto.
DISCHARGE MEANS - For class 221
Any means which either (1) affirmatively segregates, separates or moves an article from a supply to a point of egress or (2) permits separation or segregation of articles by gravitational movement thereof. A discharge means may be either a discharge assistant or a releaser.
DISCHARGE MODIFIER - For class 239
Any means which changes the characteristic of the fluid leaving the terminus as by whirling, deflecting, removing, or quieting turbulence, etc.
DISCHARGE PATH - For class 330
The path of the free electrical charge carrier particles between the electrodes of an electronic tube.
The function of removing a charge from a furnace.
DISCRETE CIRCUIT - For class 257
A circuit which has an individual identity and which is fabricated prior to installation, or is separately packaged and is not part of an integrated circuit.
DISCRETE ELECTRICAL SIGNAL - For class 708
Discontinuous signals which can assume only a finite number of states.
DISJOIN (DISJOINING) - For class 099
These expressions are used to indicate that one portion of a naturally occurring article of food is detached or disunited from an immediately adjacent portion of the food without necessarily being spatially separated to a significant extent. For example: rolling, with some slight pressure, a hard-boiled fowl egg will disunite at least part of the bond between the outer shell* and the interior of the egg; however, unless the shell is totally removed, the membrane between the shell and the interior egg portions keeps the shell attached. Thus, at least portions of the shell have been disjoined from the inner portions although the same, or other portions of the shell, have not been spatially separated from the inner portions.
A region in a crystal in which the atoms are not arranged in a perfect lattice-like structure. See CRYSTAL DEFECT for examples of crystal defects/dislocations.
A line defect in a crystal, either of the edge type or screw type, in which the atoms are not arranged in a perfect latticelike structure. See CRYSTAL DEFECT for other examples of crystalline defects.
Crystalline arrangement in which the different constituent atoms of a compound semiconductor randomly occupy lattice sites.
DISPARATE ARTICLE - For class 052
An article which does not form an essential component of a building construction of plural components, but is in the nature of an adjunct having no essential load-bearing, supporting, joining or protective function.
A mechanism which affirmatively effects or permits separation of a portion of the contents material supply thereof and discharge in a definite direction or path.
(n) A device which moves material to an operative (e.g., a person who operates such device and who will use the material). (Compare with Feeder).
The suspended particles in a dispersion.
The suspended colloid-sized particles in a dispers ant*. Often referred to as the discontinuous phase.
The dispersing medium or continuous phase.
Disperse dyes are water-insoluble, neutral dyes applied to the substrate from a fine aqueous suspension, which were originally developed for use in dyeing of cellulose acetate and polyester materials.
A mixture of a liquid with an insoluble material in very fine subdivision almost but not quite a true solution.
A suspension of particles in a solid, liquid, or gas to form a biphasic or polyphasic composition. Colloid-sized particles form colloid dispersions. See also colloid system.
DISPLACEMENT REACTION FOR METALS - For class 075
In the reaction A + BC = AC + B, the metal A, being more positive than the metal B, is oxidized. The displacement series or electromotive series for metals in decreasing order of their negative potentials is: (negative) Vanadium (V), Tungsten (W), Molybdenum (Mo), Gold (Au), Osmium (Os), Platinum (Pt), Iridium (Ir), Tantalum (Ta), Palladium (Pd), Ruthenium (Ru), Antimony (Sb), Bismuth(Bi), Arsenic (As), Mercury (Hg), Silver (Ag), Copper (Cu), Titanium (Ti), Tin (Sn), Lead (Pb), Germanium (Ge), Zirconium (Zr), Cerium (Ce), Nickel (Ni), Cobalt (Co), Thallium (Tl), Niobium (Nb), Cadmium (Cd), Iron (Fe), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), Uranium (U), Gadolinium (Gd), Indium (In), Gallium (Ga), Aluminum (Al), Rare Earth Metals, Beryllium (Be), Scandium (Sc), Yttrium (Y), Magnesium (Mg), Lithium (Li), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr), Barium (Ba), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), Cesium (Cs) (positive).
DISPLAY ATTRIBUTE - For class 715
A value or code that determines how its representative element is presented.
DISPLAY CONTROLLER - For class 345
An electrical circuit which actuates a display device* in accordance with received image data*.
DISPLAY CONTROLLER - For class 715
An electrical circuit which actuates a DISPLAY DEVICE* in accordance with received IMAGE DATA*.
DISPLAY DEVICE - For class 345
A communication device which converts image data* into a visual image*.
DISPLAY DEVICE - For class 715
A communication device which converts IMAGE DATA* into a VISUAL IMAGE*.
DISPLAY ELEMENT - For class 345
Means for producing a visual effect in a display device* comprised of a plurality (e.g., matrix) of such means.
DISPLAY SYSTEM - For class 345
A system which comprises one or more display termnals* or one or more display devices*.
DISPLAY TERMINAL - For class 345
A unit which comprises at least one display device* and user interface control means (e.g., mouse).
