OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION (measurement of nuclear or X-radiation G01T; fusion reactors G21B; nuclear reactors G21C; semiconductor devices sensitive to electro-magnetic or corpuscular radiation H01L31/00)
Definition statement
This subclass/group covers:
Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes.
Arrangements for direct conversion of radiation energy from radioactive sources into forms of energy other than electrical energy.
Applications of radiation from radioactive sources or arrangements therefor.
Use of effects of cosmic radiation.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass/group does not cover:
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Fusion reactors
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Nuclear fission reactors
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Techniques for handling particles or electromagnetic radiation not otherwise provided for; irradiation devices, gamma- or X-ray microscopes
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Electric discharge tubes or discharge lamps
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Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gasses, e.g. into the atmosphere
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this subclass/group is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
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Use of radiation to produce mutation in plants
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Preservation of meat, sausages, fish, eggs, fruit, vegetables or edible seeds by irradiation without heating effect
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Preservation of milk or milk preparations by irradiation
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Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
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Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation
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Methods or apparatus using radiation for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses
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Radiation therapy; therapy using X-rays, gamma rays or particle-irradiation
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Applying radioactive material to the body
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Direct application of radiation to physical, chemical or physico-chemical processes in general
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Use of radiation for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
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Use of radiation for pre-treatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied, or after-treatment of applied coatings
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Use of radiation in the working of plastics; after-treatment of articles without altering their shape; apparatus therefor
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Railway trackside devices actuated by radiation and controlled by interaction with a vehicle or train
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Railway trackside devices using radiation to control devices on a vehicle or train
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Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation; in addition polymers
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Processes for treating or compounding macromolecular substances by wave energy or particle radiation
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Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances using wave energy or particle radiation
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Use of radiation for cracking of hydrocarbon oils
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Use of radiation for reforming naphtha
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Use of radiation for pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification or ageing of alcoholic beverages
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Use of radiation for bleaching fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers, or made-up fibrous goods, leather or furs
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Measuring angles, areas, length, thickness or similar dimensions, or irregularities of surfaces or contours, using wave or particle radiation
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Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using wave or particle radiation derived from a radioactive source
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Investigating fluid tightness of structures using radioactive material
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Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation
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Investigating or analysing materials through the ionisation of gases, using wave or particle radiation to ionise a gas
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Chemical analysis of biological material; immunoassay or bio-specific binding assays involving radioactive-labelled substances
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Geophysics; prospecting or detecting using primary nuclear radiation sources
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Fire alarms or alarms responsive to explosion, actuated by the presence of smoke or gas detected by an ionisation chamber
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Carrying off electrostatic charges by means of ionising radiation
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Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
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Measurement of nuclear or X-radiation
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Particle spectrometer ion sources or ion guns using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers
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Semiconductor devices sensitive to electromagnetic or corpuscular radiation
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Special rules of classification within this subclass
Classification of both important (invention) information and additional information is obligatory.
Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, [N: nuclear or atomic batteries]
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
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Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionization of a gas
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Discharge tubes functioning as thermionic generators
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Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
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Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials
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Arrangements for direct conversion of radiation energy from radioactive sources into forms of energy other than electric energy, e.g. [N: into] light [N: or mechanic energy] (lasers H01S3/00; [N: gamma masers H01S4/00])
References relevant to classification in this group
This subclass/group does not cover:
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Lasers
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Lasers pumped by high energy nuclear particles
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Gamma masers
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Applications of radiation from radioactive sources or arrangements therefor (producing mutation in plants A01H1/06; preservation of dairy products A23C; preservation of foodstuffs A23L3/26; for therapeutic purposes A61N5/10; in chemical, physical or physicochemical processes in general B01J19/08; in electrostatic separation B03C3/38; for after-treatment of coatings applied as liquids or other fluent materials B05D3/06; for action between electric vehicles and tracked apparatus B61L1/10, B61L3/06; introducing isotopes into organic compounds C07B59/00; for preparation of organic chemical compounds C07, C08, e.g. C08F2/46; for treating macromolecular substances or articles made therefrom B29C71/04, C08J3/28, C08J7/18; for cracking of hydrocarbon oils C10G15/00, C10G32/04; for reforming naphtha C10G35/16; preservation or ageing of products obtained from fermentation processes C12H1/06, C12H1/16; for bleaching fibres D06L3/04; measuring G01; irradiation devices, gamma- or X-ray microscopes G21K; in discharge tubes H01J; apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere, H01T23/00; for carrying-off electrostatic charges H05F3/06)
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
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Producing mutations in plants
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Preservation of dairy products
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Preservation of cream, butter and cheese
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Preservation of foodstuffs
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Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
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Applications of radiation for therapeutic purposes
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Applications of radiation in chemical, physical or physiochemical processes in general
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Applications of radiation in electrostatic separation
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Applications of radiation for after treatment of coatings applied as liquids or other fluent materials
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Applications of radiation for action between electric vehicles and tracked apparatus
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Applications of radiation for treating macromolecular substances or articles made therefrom
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Introducing isotopes into organic compounds
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Introducing isotopes into organic compounds
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Applications of radiation for preparation of organic chemical compounds
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Applications of radiation for cracking of hydrocarbon oils
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Applications of radiation for reforming naphtha
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Preservation or ageing of products obtained from fermentation processes
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Applications of radiation for bleaching fibres
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Measuring
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G01
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Irradiation devices, gamma- or X-ray microscopes
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Applications of radiation in discharge tubes
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Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere
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Applications of radiation for carrying-off electrostatic discharges
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Use of effects of cosmic radiation
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