Apparatus or methods for measuring force, stress, torque or the like, and particularly:

Apparatus or methods for measuring fluid pressure, and particularly:

Apparatus or methods for measuring, indicating or recording:

Testing or calibrating of the apparatus as described.

Details or accessories of the apparatus as described.

For subject matter relating to sensing pressure changes for compensating measurements of other variables or for compensating readings of instruments for variations in pressure, see subclass G01D or other relevant subclasses for the variable measured.

In G01L, CPC is only to be used for the classification of invention information and not for classifying additional information.

Apparatus or methods for measuring force:

Auxiliary measure taken on the apparatus or methods for measuring force

Multiple classification is allowed, sometimes necessary since for example some sub-groups are devoted to what is deformed (for instance springs in G01L 1/04), other to what parameter is measured (for instance capacitance/inductance in G01L 1/14). It is the grade of detail of the disclosure of the document which is important (for instance just mentioning that the measurement is done by measuring a capacitance without other precision is not sufficient for a classification in G01L 1/14 or subgroups).

The main Group G01G 3/00 has a similar structure as the main group G01L 1/00.

G01L 1/02; G01L 1/083 take precedence, i.e. when the hydraulic or pneumatic means are used for generating the counter-balancing forces .

This sub-group also contains sensor with elastomeric transmitting means (like rubber).

G01L 1/06; This sub-group contains force measurement system using the print of a pinpoint in material, or using indentation hardness (see also G01N 3/40 hardness testing of material).

G01L 1/08; See also similar arrangement in G01G 5/00, G01G 5/006, G01G 7/04 and G01G 7/045 in weighing systems.

G01L 1/12; The sub-group G01L 1/127 has to be chosen when it is the material under stress in which inductance is varying, otherwise classify in G01L 1/14.

G01L 1/18; See also semi-conductor devices controllable by variation of applied mechanical force H01L 29/84.

G01L 1/20; Also contains sensor with the resistance material being a part of the mechanical structure of the sensor.

The sub-group contains Force Sensing Resistor or FSR.

G01L 1/22; For search, in the case of ring shaped support adapted for measuring force along a single direction (G01L 1/2231) see also nut tightening force measurement system (G01L 5/24) using washer (G01L 5/243).

The sub-group G01L 1/2287 also contains mounting details of the strain gauges.

G01L 1/24; This group also contains pressure sensitive films or paper or coatings having changes in optical properties when stresses are applied.

The important characteristic to check for classification is to find which means are stressed by the force to be measured.

For the search, in the case of the measurement of a physical variable influencing the optical properties of an optical fibre see G01D 5/353.

For the search, Bragg grating per se see G02B 6/124

G01L 1/26; This group also contains light beam shutters.

Apparatus or methods for measuring torque:

Apparatus or methods for determining the value of power:

Apparatus or methods for measuring efficiency (ratio of power input to power output).

G01L 3/24;This group contains all apparatus and method for determining the value of power, not only by measuring torque, but also by measuring force or pressure multiplied by a displacement variable (angular or linear velocity).

This group do not contains measurement of power adapted to special purposes (see G01L 5/0095).

G01L 3/26; For classification and search purpose see also G01M 15/044, testing engines by monitoring power, and G01L 23/00, Indicators for determining work or energy of steam or internal combustion engines.

Apparatus or methods for measuring forces:

Apparatus or methods for:

Apparatus or methods for determining the value of torque:

Apparatus for testing brakes (insofar as force is measured or applied to the brake)

G01L 5/0009; For the search the group G01M 13/04 concerning the testing of bearing is relevant since force sensor can be used for bearing monitoring.

For the search and eventually for the classification the group F16C 19/00 concerning bearing with rolling contact is also relevant.

G01L 5/0028; This sub-group also contain apparatus and methods for measuring the force of driving nails, bolts, bolts threads or other anchoring means, for bonding wires, closing bottle caps, tying raps or other similar system.

G01L 5/0057; This sub-group contains measuring force due to electrical connectors, paperclip and similar devices.

G01L 5/0061; This sub-group covers force sensors associated with industrial machines or actuators except those force sensors associated with pumps, engines, valve actuators, cranes, drilling rods, which are classified in their own technical field (F01, F04, F16, B66, E21).

Apparatus or method for indicating the functioning of a valve are classified in F16K 37/0075.

In the sub-group G01L 5/0066 are classified the documents concerning calibration arrangements adapted to calibrate the force sensor associated with an industrial machine or actuator, otherwise calibration arrangements of force sensor are classified in G01L 25/00.

For the search, see also B25J 9/1692, calibration of robot manipulator.

In the sub-group G01L 5/0076, force sensor of presses, crimping terminals on wires, rolling machines, extruders are not classified, but are in the relevant classes from B21 - B42.

G01L 5/04; For the search and also classification, apparatus or methods adapted for the measuring of web tension are also classified in B65H 23/044;

For the search and also classification, apparatus and method for measuring tension in cables, ropes is done in G01G 19/14 (with the difference that the tension is produced by the gravitation), and overload protection is done in G01G 23/005.

For the search and classification crane hooks with load measurement device are in B66C 1/40 or B66C 13/10, and rope, cable or chain winding mechanism with overload protection are in B B66D 1/56.

For the search in the sub-group G01L 5/045 (tension across the width of a band-shaped flexible band), measuring flatness in general is G01B 5/285, G01B 7/345, G01B 11/306, G01B 13/22, G01B 15/08, G01B 21/30.

G01L 5/10; The following figures are illustration for a better understanding of the different sub-groups in G01L 5/10, measuring tension in ropes, cables with electrical means.

G01L 5/101: in which the sensor is inserted into the member

G01L 5/102: in which the sensor is located at a non-interrupted part of the member

G01L 5/103: in which the sensor is fixed at one end of the member

G01L 5/106: by measuring a reaction force applied on a cantilever beam

G01L 5/107 : by measuring a reaction force applied on an element disposed between two supports

G01L 5/108: by measuring a reaction force applied on a single support or glider

For classification: a document has to be classified with respect to the placement of the sensor on the apparatus (G01L 5/101, G01L 5/102, G01L 5/103) and by the way the reaction force is measured (G01L 5/106, G01L 5/107, G01L 5/108).

G01L 5/13; For the search and classification, the control of draught load or tractive force of lifting devices mounted on tractors see A01B 63/112.

G01L 5/16; In this group are also classified multiple torque measurements and combinations of torque and force measurements.

For the search and classification, hand worn input/output device see G06F 3/014; The sub-group G01L 5/221 concerning force sensors in steering wheels has an overlap with the group B62D 5/00, power assisted steering in general. The following figure is an example of document (FR2774349) classified in this group:

For search and classification in G01L 5/225 see also A61B 5/221 (Measuring muscular forces by using bicycle type apparatus) and A63B 69/16 (Cycling sport training apparatus).

G01L 5/24; This sub-group does not cover arrangements for torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers which are classified in B25B 23/14.

G01L 5/28; This group does not cover monitoring or checking brake system integrated in vehicles (B60T 17/22) and also do not cover testing or monitoring of railways brakes (B60T 17/228).

Apparatus or methods for measuring fluid pressure:

G01L 7/02; This group does not cover blood pressure control and pressure transducer specially adapted therefor A61M 1/3639.

G01L 7/14; This sub-group also contain temperature compensating means.

Apparatus or methods for measuring fluid pressure:

G01L 9/0041; For search or classification in construction details associated to semi-conductive diaphragm sensor (G01L 9/0042), see also H01L 21/00, process or apparatus for manufacturing semiconductor devices, and B81C 1/00158, manufacturing of devices on a diaphragm.

For search and classification in G01L 2009/0066 , mounting arrangement of diaphragm sensor with resistance sensors, see also H05K 7/00, constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus.

For search and classification in G01L 2009/0067 , diaphragm pressure sensor using additional isolating diaphragms, see also G01L 13/025, devices for measuring differences of two or more pressure value using diaphragms, and G01L 2009/0063 , pressure sensor using strain gages with fluid coupling.

For search and classification in G01L 9/0079, pressure sensor with diaphragm using a Fabry-Perrot arrangement, see also G01D 5/266, Transducer not specially adapted to a specific variable using interferometer, and G01D 5/268, Transducer not specially adapted to a specific variable using fiber.

For search and classification in G01L 19/0038 and lower see also G01L 19/14, housings of pressure sensor in general.

G01L 9/02, G01L 9/04, G01L 9/06, G01L 9/08, G01L 9/10 and G01L 9/12

In these groups documents are only classified therein if there are details about the circuits of the pressure sensor. For details about the physical way of measuring the pressure see the corresponding subgroups in G01L 9/00.

The documents concerning pressure sensor are classified in this group if the pressure measurement method do not fit in G01L 7/00 or G01L 9/00. Especially classification in G01L 11/02 (using optical means) cannot be given if the document fit with for instance G01L 9/0076 (diaphragm pressure sensor using optical means). See G01L 7/00 or G01L 9/00 before classifying here.

G01L 19/0007; For search or classification in connecting means for flowthrough system having a flexible pressure transmitting element (G01L 19/0023), see also measuring deformation of fluid transporting tubes in G01L 7/02 and G01L 9/0001.

G01L 2019/0053 ; For search and classification: this sub-group only concerns the measurements of pressure plus another variable and for not only compensation purposes. Measurements of a plurality of variable see G01D 21/02. For compensation purposes see relevant group in G01L 19/00, G01L 19/02, G01L 19/04, G01L 9/025, G01L 9/045, G01L 9/065, G01L 9/085, G01L 9/105, G01L 9/125.

G01L 19/02; This sub-group also contains humidity, static pressure, range adjusting or extension means, and zero setting means with exception of aneroid barometers (see G01L 7/14).

G01L 19/04; For search an classification: this sub-group only concerns non electrical compensating means. With electrical compensation means see relevant group in G01L 19/00, G01L 19/02, G01L 19/04, G01L 9/025, G01L 9/045, G01L 9/065, G01L 9/085, G01L 9/105, G01L 9/125. For temperature compensation of aneroid barometers (see G01L 7/14).

G01L 19/06; For search or classification in the sub-group G01L 19/0672, leakage or rupture detection in pressure sensor, see also leak detection per see in G01M 3/00, and leak detection in membrane, B01D 65/102.

G01L 19/12; This subgroup does not cover pressure switches (H01H 35/24 - H01H 35/40).