CPC Definition - Subclass F01L

Last Updated Version: 2021.01
CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
Definition statement

This place covers:

  • Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear;
  • Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces;
  • Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements;
  • Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically;
  • Valve arrangements in working piston or piston-rod;
  • Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations;
  • Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. with reciprocatory slide valves, other than provided for in groups;
  • Slide valve-gear or valve arrangements with cylindrical, sleeve, or part annularly-shaped valves surrounding working cylinder or piston;
  • Slide valve-gear or valve arrangements with reciprocatory and other movement of same valve, e.g. longitudinally of working cylinder and in cross direction
  • Use of working pistons or pistons-rods as fluid-distributing valves or a valve-supporting elements, e.g. in free-piston machines
  • Valves controlled by impact by piston, e.g. in free-piston machines; Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means;
  • Distribution or expansion valve-gear peculiar to free-piston machines or engines;
  • Reversing gear Valve drive, valve adjustment during operation;
  • Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements, specially adapted for machines or engines with variable fluid distribution;
  • Lift valve-gear or valve arrangements specially adapted for machines or engines with variable fluid distribution
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

In machines or engines in general, control of working-fluid admission or discharge peculiar thereto

F01B 3/10, F01B 15/06

In rotary-piston machines or engines, control of working-fluid admission or discharge

F01C 2021/12

In internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston engines, valve control therefor

F02B 53/06

In positive-displacement engines driven by liquids, distributing valve-gear peculiar thereto

F03C 1/08

In positive displacement machines or pumps, self-acting distribution members

F04B 1/18

In positive displacement machines or pumps positively-driven distribution members

F04B 7/00

In positive displacement machines or pumps, actuation of distribution members

F04B 39/08

In positive displacement machines or pumps, adaptation or arrangements of distribution members

F04B 39/10

In rotary-piston pumps for liquid, control of working-fluid admission or discharge

F04C 15/06

In rotary-piston pumps for elastic fluids, control of working-fluid admission or discharge

F04C 29/12

Valves in general

F16K

Special rules of classification

The use of the Indexing Codes F01L 2201/00F01L 2820/00 is mandatory.

Glossary of terms

In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Engine

A device for continuously converting fluid energy into mechanical power; thus this term includes, for example, steam piston engines or steam turbine or internal combustion engines.

Machine

A device that could equally be an engine and a pump, and not a device that is restricted to an engine or one that is restricted to a pump.

Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear (lift-valve and valve-seat assemblies per se F01L 3/00; slide-valve gear F01L 5/00; actuated non-mechanically F01L 9/00; valve arrangements in working piston or piston rod F01L 11/00; modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations F01L 13/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Valve drive units, e.g. transmission between crankshaft and camshaft, camshaft arrangements, cam followers, camshaft phasers.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Lift-valve and valve-seat assemblies per se

F01L 3/00

Slide-valve gear

F01L 5/00

Actuated non-mechanically

F01L 9/00

Valve arrangements in working piston or piston rod

F01L 11/00

Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations

F01L 13/00

Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 -F01L 35/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Valve arrangements in general

F16K

Valve drive (transmitting-gear between valve drive and valve F01L 1/12)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Transmitting-gear between valve drive and valve

F01L 1/12

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Camshaft drives indexed according to their transmission means -chain, belt, gear wheel:

F01L 1/00, F01L 1/02, F01L 1/04, F01L 1/06

Auxiliary apparatus of engines driven by means of chains, belts or like endless members:

F02B 67/04, F02B 67/06

Safety means relating to endless members:

F02B 77/081

Driving belts, driving chains:

F16G 1/00, F16G 13/00

Gearings for conveying rotary motion by endless flexible members:

F16H 7/00

Means for tensioning:

F16H 7/02, F16H 7/08

{Chain drive}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

US4750455

media1.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Gearings for conveying rotary motion with chains

F16H 7/06

{Belt drive}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

US4716864

media2.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Gearings for conveying rotary motion with belts

F16H 7/02

{Gear drive}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

US5598630

media3.png

Camshafts
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Manufacturing by shaping with fluid pressure

B21D 26/02

Manufacturing camshafts

B21D 53/845.

Machining camshafts

B23B 41/00

Connecting cams to shaft

B23P 11/00

By expanding and then shrinking

B23P 11/02

Using pressure fluids

B23P 11/022

Using heat or cold

B23P 11/025

Grinding

B24B 19/12

Lubrication of camshaft bearings

F01M 9/102

Rigidly coupling two coaxial shafts involving plastic deformation

F16D 1/072

Camshafts with single track cams

F16H 53/02

Characterised by their construction

F16H 53/025

overhead type
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Single overhead camshafts (SOHC)

F01L 2001/0535

Double overhead camshafts (DOHC)

F01L 2001/0537

Camshaft in cylinder block

F01L 2001/054

Shape of cams
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cams as part of gearings in general

F16H 53/00

by means of crank-or eccentric-driven rods
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group.

media19.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Reciprocating cams

F01L 1/044

Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve (simultaneously operating two or more valves F01L 1/26)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Simultaneously operating two or more valves

F01L 1/26

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Valve arrangement comprising rollers

F01L 2305/00, F01L 2305/02

Tappets {(hydraulic tappets for automatically adjusting or compensating clearance F01L 1/24)}; Push rods
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Simultaneously operating two or more valves

F01L 1/24

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Preventing the rotation of tappet

F01L 2307/00

Lubrication of tappets

F01M 9/104

Tappets for fuel pump

F02M 59/102

Rocking arms or levers
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Split rocking arms

F01L 2001/186

Clips for retaining rocker arm on pivot

F01L 2001/187

Fulcrums at upper surface

F01L 2001/188

Manufacturing

B21K 1/205, B21D 53/84

{Centre pivot rocking arms}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media5.png

{the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media6.png

{of the boat type}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media7.png

{Overhead end-pivot rocking arms}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media8.png

by fluid means, e.g. hydraulically
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Self-contained lash adjusters

F01L 2309/00

characterised by the provision of means for rotating lift valves, e.g. to diminish wear
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Arrangements for valve movement other than for opening or closing e.g. grinding-in, preventing sticking

F16K 29/00

characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening {and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift}
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Modifying distribution valve timing

F02B 29/08

Coupling of coaxial shafts for variable angular relationship

F16D 3/10

Gearing for varying phase

F16H 35/008

changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Yielding couplings with means for varying the angular relationship of two coaxial shafts during motion

F16D 3/10

Gearings for variation of rotational phase between input and output shaft

F16H 35/008

{using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media9.png

{the helically teethed sleeve being located in the camshaft driving pulley}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media10.png

{using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

JP59183009 A

media11.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

composite camshafts

F01L 2001/0473

{using twisted cams}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group.

media18.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

If axial displacement of a three-dimensional cam modifies beyond the opening/closing timing also the valve lift

F01L 2013/0078

{using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

DE19745908 A

media13.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Details of servo motor systems for spool valves

F15B 13/0402

oil control valves such as spool valves in general

F16K 11/00

solenoid actuated control valves

F16K 31/06, F15B 13/0442

solenoid aspects of the spool valve actuator

H01F 7/16

by means acting on timing belts or chains
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media14.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Means for varying tension of belts, ropes or chains

F16H 7/08

using bevel or epicyclic gear
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example

media15.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Differential gears between crankshaft and camshaft(s) for varying timing

F01L 2311/00

Gears with orbital motion

F16H 1/321

Wave gearings, harmonic drive transmission

F16H 49/001

for engines with scavenging charge near top dead centre position, e.g. by overlapping inlet and exhaust time
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Scavenging aspects

F02B

Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

Valves for specific use as Exhaust Gas Recirculation valves (EGR valves)

F02M 26/52

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Finishing, reconditioning valves

B23C 3/05

Making poppet valves

B23P 15/002, B21K 1/22

by means of a fluid flowing through or along valve, e.g. air
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Sealing of valve stem by means of a fluid flowing through or along valve

F01L 3/08

Slide valve-gear or valve-arrangements (with pure rotary or oscillatory movement F01L 7/00)
References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Valve-arrangements with pure rotary or oscillatory movement

F01L 7/00

Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements (slide valves with combined rotary and non-rotary movements, combinations of rotary and non-rotary slide valves F01L 5/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

  • Slide valve-gear or valve arrangements with a pure rotary movement
  • Slide valve-gear or valve arrangements with a pure oscillatory movement
References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Slide valves with combined rotary and non-rotary movements, combinations of rotary and non-rotary slide valves

F01L 5/00

Rotary valve drives:

F01L 2313/00

Special rules of classification

Reference F01L 5/00 is non-limiting in the main group F01L 7/00. CPC will be updated/corrected once this inconsistency is resolved.

Looping references between F01L 5/00 and F01L 7/00 have been identified. Until this inconsistency is resolved, the current classification practice in CPC is as follows: F01L 7/00 covers only slide valve-gear or valve arrangements with a pure rotary movement or a pure oscillatory movement, while slide valves with combined rotary and non-rotary movements or combinations of rotary and non-rotary slide valves belong to F01L 5/00.

Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Means for increasing the initial opening force on the valve, boost means

F01L 9/18

Fluid pressure actuators

F15B 13/00

by electric means
Definition statement

This place covers:

Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group.

media17.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Electric actuating device, using motor

F16K 31/02, F16K 31/04, F16K 31/06, F16K 31/08

Pivoting, rectilinear armature, using motor

H01F 7/14, H01F 7/16, H01F 7/17

Linear motor

H02K 41/00

Valve arrangements in working piston or piston-rod
References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
Relationships with other classification places

This group covers the structure of valve drive, while the methods or processes of controlling the valve belong to F02D.

References
Application-oriented references

Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Valve-gear specially for steam engines or specially for other machines or engines with variable fluid distribution

F01L 15/00 - F01L 35/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Controlling engine output power by varying valve lift and timing of inlet resp. exhaust valve(s)

F02D 13/00;

Methods of controlling engine output power by varying valve lift and timing of inlet resp. exhaust valve(s), for which the emphasis is not on the structure of the valve gear used

F02D 13/02, F02D 13/04, F02D 13/06, F02D 13/08, F02D 15/00

Internal EGR

F02M 26/01

{Deactivating valves}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Structure of valve drive switchable to a valve deactivating mode for lost motion of the cam follower, e.g. two-part cam followers with switchable locking means there between.

Relationships with other classification places

This group covers the structure of valve drive, while the methods or processes of controlling the valve belong to F02D.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Methods of controlling engines by rendering engine inoperative or idling or by cutting out individual cylinders, for which the emphasis is not on the structure of the valve gear used

F02D 17/00

Cutting-out

F02D 17/02

Inoperative or idling

F02D 17/04

for braking
Definition statement

This place covers:

Structure of valve drive switchable to an engine braking mode, e.g. actuator opening exhaust valve for compression release event or cam follower switchable to a configuration to transmit to the valve the lift of a cam braking lobe.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Control of valve gear for switching to compressor action for braking:

F01L 2760/003

Braking being exclusively produced by compression in the cylinders:

F01L 2760/004;

In cooperation with vehicle transmission or brakes:

F01L 2760/005

Engine brake with retarder:

B60W 10/18

Control of engine for using engine as brake:

F02D 13/04

Valves controlled by impact by piston, e.g. in free-piston machines
Definition statement

This place covers:

valves actuated by interference with the stroke of the piston, valves ballistically driven

Drive, or adjustment during the operation, or distribution or expansion valves by non-mechanical means
Definition statement

This place covers:

Types of non-mechanical valve drives like for F01L 9/00, but for steam engines

Distribution or expansion valve-gear peculiar to free-piston machines or engines and not provided for in F01L 21/00 - F01L 25/00
Definition statement

This place covers:

Distribution or expansion valve-gear peculiar to free-piston machines or engines and not provided for in F01L 21/00 - F01L 25/00

Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements, specially adapted for machines or engines with variable fluid distribution (drive, adjustment during operation, tripping-gear, reversing-gear, use of working pistons or piston-rods as valves or as valve-supporting elements, valve-gear or valve arrangements peculiar to free-piston machines or engines F01L 15/00 - F01L 31/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Types of rotary or oscillatory slide valve arrangements like for F01L 7/00, but for steam engines

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Rotary or oscillatory slide valve-gear or valve arrangements for combustion engines

F01L 7/00

Lift valve-gear or valve arrangements specially adapted for machines or engines with variable fluid distribution (drive, adjustment during operation, tripping-gear, reversing-gear, use of working pistons or piston-rods as valves or as valve-supporting elements, valve-gear or valve arrangements peculiar to free-piston machines or engines F01L 15/00 - F01L 31/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Types of lift valve arrangements like for F01L 3/00, but for steam engines

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Lift valve arrangements for combustion engines

F01L 3/00