CPC Definition - Subclass B28B
This place covers:
The methods and apparatuses covered manufacture of the shaped article at a location remote from its intended use, i.e. a pre-fabricated article.
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
The material | (a) clay or other ceramic compositions (b) slag (c) mixtures with water-setting properties given by clay, cementitious material, or slag. |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
To tiles, bricks or the like | |
By building-up from preformed elements | |
Assembled from preformed parts |
"The material" used to hold the assembled preformed elements together is as defined in the subclass.
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Characteristic features concerning the feeding of the material should be classified in B28B 13/02.
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering | |
B freeze-casting or in a supercritical fluid |
Examples of places in relation to which this place is residual:
Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products |
This place covers:
Making a base body (11) in a conventional manner with at least one external dimension (12), smaller than a corresponding desired dimension (13), applying a compensating coating (14) to the base body or its top.
This place covers:
Potter's wheel and handtools associated with such a device.
This place does not cover:
Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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Tamping or ramming the material or the mould elements to produce tunular articles |
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Operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Vibrating for the prodcution of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Of concrete in general |
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
For humidifying or dehumidifying | |
By vibrating the composition before or during moulding | |
For moisture extraction in general |
This place covers:
Slipform casting process having an extruder screw.
Slipformer technique:
This place does not cover:
Apparatus designed for railless operation | |
The pipes being made in situ |
Slipform casting process having an extruder screw also to be classified in B28B 3/224 "self-propelled screw extruders" TBC.
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The vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles | |
Adapted to impart a smooth finish to the paving, e.g. tamping or vibrating finishers | |
Making use of vibrating or jolting tools acting upon the surface of the concrete, whether or not provided with parts penetrating the concrete |
By cores wholly or partly immersed in the material is to be classified in B28B 1/0935.
This place covers:
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Wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; combined with vibrating or jolting |
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Layered products essentially comprising a water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material |
This place covers:
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This place does not cover:
Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder by centrifugal forces | |
Shaping glass by centrifuging |
- B28B 21/00 centrifugal or rotational casting with methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
- B28B 23/20 centrifugal or rotational casting wherein the elements are reinforcing members
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder by injection moulding |
This place does not cover:
Specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres | |
Slip casting of tubular articles |
For chemical aspects see: C04B 33/28 slipcasting of clay-wares.
For manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder see: B22F 3/22 for producing castings from a slip.
This place covers:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Absorbent moulds in general |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Fastening means, clamping means for mould parts in general |
This place covers:
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Dipping moulding surfaces in the slip in general |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Profiling or strickling in situ: E01C 19/00 machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials.
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Producing tubular articles by projecting, e.g. spraying |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Spraying in general |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Producing tubular articles by centrifugal moulding |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Producing tubular articles by dipping |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
By dipping in general |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Producing tubular articles by wrapping, e.g. winding |
This place covers:
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Removing the material from the filled mould |
The cores being forced into the filled moulds displace the material inside the filled moulds.
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Mixers for producing cellular concrete:
In patent documents, the following abbreviations are often used:
ALC | Autoclaved lightweight concrete |
PC | Porous concrete |
In patent documents, the following words/expressions are often used as synonyms:
- "porous concrete",
- "(autoclaved) lightweight concrete",
- "cellular concrete",
- "foam(ed) concrete" and
- "aerated concrete".
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Drive systems for presses |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering | |
Extrusion moulding of plastics | |
Aspects related to presses in general |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
Flexible or resilient parts on a press ram, i.e. foamed or rubber parts. |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Isostatic presses in general |
The flexible mould wall parts change shape due to an externally generated pressure (air, oil etc.) other than the reaction force caused by the pressing of a ram head.
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space |
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Vibrating or jolting by means acting on the mould, i.e. vibrating tables |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space, whereby the material is subjected to vibrations |
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Simultaneously compacting and sintering of workpieces or articles from metallic powder | |
Pressure sintering |
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Wherein the ram heads work in opposite directions:
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Producing tubular articles by extruding |
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Extrusion dies for hollow (clay) bricks |
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Extrusion dies for multi-channelled structures |
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The moulds or moulding surfaces are transported along several station of activity, for example, first a mould is transported to a cleaning station followed by a casting station and finally by a demoulding station.
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Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon, to webs, sheets or the like |
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The preceding image includes references to E04G, B28B/00, B29C/00, B22C/00.
This place does not cover:
Moulds or cores for casting metal |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Moulds for plastic materials in general | |
Falsework, forms or shuttering for forming buildings or parts thereof in situ |
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E.g. sliding movement of the mould walls past the cast article.
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With moulding surfaces simulating natural effets |
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With moulding surfaces simulating assembled bricks or blocks with mortar joints | |
With surfaces for moulding interlocking means |
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Wherein the surface of the moulded article which serves as a mould surface either becomes part of the final product or the two or more cast articles are seperated from each other e.g. flat concrete panel which serves as a moulding surface for the next flat concrete panel to be cast.
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By forcing cores into filled moulds for forming hollow articles | |
Embedding lost cores, see |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Of special materials in general |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Adjustable, collapsible or expansible cores for the production of tubular articles |
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Using inflatable cores for the production of tubular articles |
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For example wax paper or a retarder directly applied to the surface moulding cavity.
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Specially for making moulded articles from concrete with exposed aggregate. |
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The properties of the moulding material are modified while the article is still in contact with the mould, core, mandrel.
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Moulds with heating or cooling means for the production of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
For chemical aspects of treating with gasses, for example treatment of concrete with CO2-gas. |
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Rapid manufacturing and prototyping of 3D objects by using a combination of solid and liquid materials |
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The shaped articles being treated or worked are still in a green state.
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Places excluded by precedence rules:
B28D working stone or stone like materials
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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For reshaping the surface |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Methods or apparatus for reshaping tubular articles |
This place covers:
Plugging ceramic honeycomb filters.
and other techniques
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Honeycombs characterised by the plugs |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
In case the coating has a decorative purpose classify also in: B28B 11/001
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Working the surface of a formed green article or intermediate product which can still be (partly) in the mould or which has been demoulded,
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Methods or apparatus for smoothing, roughening, corrugating of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
General field for grinding and polishing |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Profiling of plates such as asbestos cement sheets |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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By removing material from solid section preforms for forming hollow articles, e.g. by punching or boring |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cutting; details common to machines for severing |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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Dividing a pre-form by a cutting action in two or more products.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Separating article from each other per se |
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Methods or apparatus for removing burr from tubular articles |
This place does not cover:
Cleaning of moulds, cores or mandrels |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cleaning in general |
This place does not cover:
Mould, cores and mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves | |
Processes for influencing or modifying the setting or hardening ability of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, in general | |
Drying objects by removing liquid therefrom | |
Furnaces; Kilns; Ovens, Retorts |
This place does not cover:
By passing an electric current through wires, rods or reinforcing members incorporated in the article |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Filling moulds with powder | |
Feeding material to presses |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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The coherent mass of material has been pre-shaped, -formed, -compacted in a seperate apparatus
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Producing layered article by simple casting |
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
By using feed frames or shoes with relative movement |
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Methods or apparatus for discharging after shaping tubular articles |
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e.g. mobile plants that can be broken-down for transport.
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E.g. block splitting assembly
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cutting by pressing stone or stone-like materials |
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This subgroup is complementary to B28B 11/12, B28B 11/14 and subgroups.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cutting in general |
This place does not cover:
Tensioning means for cutters in general |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
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Control arrangements for both product inspection and operating conditions.
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Mounting of dies, platens or press rams |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Layered products essentially comprising a water-setting substance |
In this place, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
The material | (a) clay or other ceramic compositions; (b) slag;(c) mixtures with water-setting properties given by clay, cementitious material, or slag. |
Surfaces | any kind of surface not restricted to any type of material |
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Incorporating steel tubes in the production of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems | |
Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
Incorporating steel tubes in the production of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems | |
Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation |
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Application to cladding elements.
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
See also E04C 2/041.
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Apparatus for handling the smaller elements or the hardenable material; bricklaying machines for prefabricated panels |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Bricklaying machines in general |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
In case the webs, sheets or the like are also reinforcing members, also classify in:
- B28B 23/0006 The reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements.
- B28B 23/02 In case of reinforcements made of metal.
Final products per se: E04C 2/043 Building elements of plaster.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Methods or apparatus for laminating |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Pipes Joints or fittings for pipes |
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With a packer head serving as a sliding mould or provided with guiding means for feeding the material |
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Compacting heads, rollers, or the like when driven and suspended from above
Compacting heads, rollers, or the like driven from beneath or followed by a sliding mould with particular inventive emphasis classify in:
B28B 21/26 With a packer head serving as a sliding mould or provided with guiding means for feeding the material.
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Centrifugal moulding for the production of tubular articles |
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Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Incorporating reinforcements and applying centrifugal forces |
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Incorporating inserts and/or reinforcing members.
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Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
With elastic sealing rings between pipe and socket, placed on the socket before connection. |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Climbing irons or the like |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Methods, apparatus, or devices for covering or wrapping cores by winding webs, tapes, or filamentary material |
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The preformed elements for producing multilayer tubes can be manufactured of any material.
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Centrifugal moulding using compacting heads, rollers, or the like |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cores in general |
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Wherein the element which is wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material can be a reinforcing member, insert, moulding material component, gaskets, or the like; not being restricted by the choice of material.
This place does not cover:
Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Reinforcing elements in general |
Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon should be classified in B28B 19/00.
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Pavings made of prefabricated single units |
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Gaskets |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Anchoring or fastening elements in combination with means for supporting them in the mould, also classify in B28B 23/0056.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete | |
Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
Means for inserting reinforcing members into the mould or for supporting them in the mould |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Cores for anchor holes or the like | E05G15/04 |
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Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Non-reusable forms |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place does not cover:
Coating with powdered or granular material | |
Applying the material to tiles, bricks, or the like to form a permanent layer thereon |
This place covers:
Wherein the aggregates themselves contain particular properties.
This place does not cover:
Embedding aggregates which cause a chemical reaction to obtain particular properties |
This place does not cover:
Specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres | |
The reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Mounting of reinforcing inserts |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Moulds provided with means for tilting or inverting for making double wall panels |
Examples of places where the subject matter of this place is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:
Prestressed reinforcements in the production of tubular articles |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Mounting of reinforcing inserts; Prestressing |
This place covers:
Illustrative example of subject matter classified in this group:
This place covers:
e.g. reinforcing members are stressed after the hardening of the element; Reinforcing members are introduced through (a) continuous opening(s) of the hardened element, are stressed and connected to the hardened element.
This place does not cover:
The elements being stressed |