CPC Definition - Subclass B21K

Last Updated Version: 2022.01
MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS (making particular articles by working sheet metal without essentially removing material B21D; processing wire B21F; making pins, needles or nails B21G; making particular articles by rolling B21H; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23K)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of specific products; Devices for handling, heating or cooling, controlling forging hammers or presses.

Relationships with other classification places

This subclass subdivides into:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of specific products: B21K 1/00-B21K 25/005.

Devices for handling, heating or cooling, controlling forging hammers or presses: B21K 27/00-B21K 31/00.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making pressed products by rolling

B21B

Making pressed products from metal sheet, without substantially modifying the metal sheet thickness

B21D

Processing wire by forging

B21F

Making pins, needles or nails by forging

B21G

Making particular pressed products by rolling

B21H

Making chains by forging

B21L

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

General metal forging or pressing methods not dedicated to the manufacture of a specific product; Metal forging or pressing devices and furnaces

B21J

Products per se obtainable by forging, e.g. pistons, rocking arms, etc.

F02F 3/00, F01L 1/18

Making machine elements
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of machine elements.

balls, rolls, or rollers, e.g. for bearings
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of balls, rolls or rollers, e.g. for bearings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media0.jpgmedia1.jpg

{of bullets}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of bullets.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media2.jpg

ball-races {or sliding bearing races}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of ball races.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media3.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Parts of bearings

F16C 33/00

cages for bearings
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cages for bearings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media4.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Parts of bearings

F16C 33/00

axles or shafts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of axles or shafts.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Axle units

B60B 35/00

Shafts

F16C 3/00

crankshafts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of crankshafts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media5.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Camshafts

F01L 1/047

Crankshafts

F16C 3/06

of cylindrical form
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of axles or shafts of cylindrical form.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media6.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Axle units

B60B 35/00

of specially-shaped cross-section
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of axles or shafts of special cross-section.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media7.jpgmedia8.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Shaping axles or shafts of special cross-section by applying fluid pressure

B21D 26/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Axle units

B60B 35/00

Shafts

F16C 3/00

fittings
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of fittings, e.g. lubricant fittings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media9.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Branching pipes

F16L 41/00

parts of pipe or hose couplings
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of parts of pipe or hose couplings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media10.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Joints, sealing for fuel injection

F02M 55/004

Joints or fitting for pipes

F16L 13/00 - F16L 39/00

pistons or plungers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of pistons or plungers.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media11.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making pistons by operations not covered by any other single subclass

B23P 15/10

Pistons in combustion engines

F02F 3/00

Pistons in general

F16J

valve parts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of valve parts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media12.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making branched pieces

B21C 37/29

Rotary valves

B62D 5/083

{rocker arms}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rocker arms.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media13.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Rocking arms or levers

F01L 1/18

poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of poppet valves, e.g. for internal combustion engines.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media14.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cyclically operating valves

F01L

valve bodies; valve seats
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of valve bodies or valve seats.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media15.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Details of fuel injectors

F02M 61/00

Valve housings

F16K 27/00

housings or supporting parts, e.g. axle housings, engine mountings
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of housings or supporting parts, e.g. axle housings or engine mountings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media16.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Axle housings

B60B 35/16

wheels; discs
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of wheels or disks.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Vehicle disk wheels

B60B 3/00

with gear-teeth
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of wheels or disks with gear teeth.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media17.jpgmedia18.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making gear wheels by rolling

B21H 5/00

Making gear parts by operations not covered in any other single subclass

B23P 15/14

Gears with teeth

F16H 55/00

discs, e.g. disc wheels
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of disks, e.g. disc wheels.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media19.jpg

wheels with spokes
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of wheels with spokes.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media20.jpg

with blades
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of disks with blades.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media21.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making turbo blades or propellers by extrusion

B21C 23/16

Making turbine wheels by operations not covered in any other single subclass

B23P 15/006

Rotor-blade aggregates

F01D 5/34

rims; tyres
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rims or tyres.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media22.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Rims per se

B60B 21/00

hubs
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hubs.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media23.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Hubs of vehicle wheels

B60B 27/00

pulleys, e.g. cable pulleys
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of pulley, e.g. cable pulleys.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media24.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Pulleys per se

F16H 55/36

bolts, studs, or the like (making screw-thread B21K 1/56; making U-bolts B21K 1/74)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of bolts studs, or the like.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Fasteners

F16B

with heads
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of heads on bolts studs, or the like.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media25.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Forging double ended bolts, studs or the like, i.e. with heads on both ends

B21K 1/52

{with recessed heads}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of bolts studs, or the like, with recessed heads.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media26.jpg

{Heading machines with an oscillating die block}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Machines for forge-heading of bolts studs, or the like, and comprising an oscillating die block.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media27.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Multi-stage forging presses

B21J 9/022

Machines working with hammers, e.g. beating in a radial direction, for forming heads
Definition statement

This place covers:

Machines for forging heads of bolts studs, or the like, and working with hammers, e.g. beating in a radial direction.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

General swaging presses, i.e. beating in radial direction

B21J 9/06

Trimming or shearing formed heads, e.g. working with dies
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the trimming or shearing of formed heads, e.g. with working dies.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media28.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Trimming by using dies in general

B21J 5/00

double-ended, e.g. with heads on both ends (forming heads B21K 1/46)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of double-ended bolts, studs or the like, e-g- with heads on both ends.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media29.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Forming single heads

B21K 1/46

with grooves or notches
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of bolts, studs, of the like, with grooves or notches.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media30.jpg

screw-threaded elements
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods for forming screw-threads.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media31.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Forming screw threads by rolling

B21H 3/00

rivets
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rivets.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

hollow or semi-hollow rivets
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hollow or semi-hollow rivets.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media32.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Hollow rivets

F16B 19/08

special rivets, e.g. with electrical contacts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of special rivets, e.g. with electrical contacts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media33.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Rivets

F16B 19/04

Manufacture of electric switches

H01H 11/00

nuts (making screw-thread B21K 1/56)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of nuts.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Pressing nuts from metal sheet without substantially modifying the metal sheet thickness

B21D 53/24

Nuts

F16B 37/00

from strip bars
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of nuts from strip bars.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media34.jpg

from round or profiled bars
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of nuts from round or profiled bars.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media35.jpg

of special shape, e.g. self-locking nuts, wing nuts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of nuts of special shape, e.g. self-locking nuts, wing nuts.

{Weld nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of weld nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media36.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Weld nuts

F16B 37/061

{Clinch nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of clinch nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media37.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Setting pierce-nuts

B23P 19/062

Nuts deforming the material of the support

F16B 37/068

{Cap nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cap nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media38.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cap nuts

F16B 37/14

{Castellated nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of castellated nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media39.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Locking of nuts with a member penetrating the screw-threaded surface

F16B 39/04

{Self-locking nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of self-locking nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media40.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Locking of nuts provided with locking members

F16B 39/28

{wing nuts}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of wing nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media41.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Wing nuts

F16B 37/16

hooks, e.g. crane hooks, railway track spikes (making nails in general B21G)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hooks, e.g. crane hooks, railway track spikes.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media42.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making nails in general

B21G

forked members or members with two or more limbs, e.g. U-bolts, anchors
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of forked members or members with two or more limbs, e.g. U-bolts, anchors.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media43.jpg

elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of machine elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups.

References
References out of a residual place

Examples of places in relation to which this place is residual:

Making engine or like machine parts

B21K 3/00

Making tools or tool parts

B21K 5/00

Making railway appurtenances; vehicle parts

B21K 7/00

Reconditioning railroad accessories

B21K 9/00

Making cutlery wares; garden tools

B21K 11/00

Making locksmith's goods

B21K 13/00

Making blacksmith's goods

B21K 15/00

Making sport articles

B21K 17/00

Making articles for agricultural machinery

B21K 19/00

Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding group

B21K 21/00

Making other articles

B21K 23/00

Uniting components to form integral members

B21K 25/00

{rings}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rings.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media44.jpg

{Coupling members for conveying mechanical motion, e.g. universal joints}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of coupling members for conveying mechanical motion, e.g. universal joints.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media45.jpgmedia46.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Ball joints

F16C 11/06

Universal joints

F16D 3/16

{Connecting rods}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of connecting rods.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media47.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Connecting rods

F16C 7/00

{Toothed racks}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of toothed racks.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media48.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Rack and pinion steering gears

B62D 3/12

Racks

F16H 55/26

Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K 1/00; Making propellers or the like
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of engine or machine parts, e.g. propellers, magnet wheel disks, scrolls for air conditioners.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media49.png

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making machine elements

B21K 1/00

Making machine elements not specified elsewhere

B21K 1/76

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Air conditioning

F24F

Dynamo electric machines

H02K

cylinder heads
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cylinder heads.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media50.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cylinder heads

F02F 1/24

blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging, pressing or upsetting methods dedicated to the manufacture of blades, e.g. for turbines.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media51.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making turbine or like blades by operations not covered in any other single subclass

B23P 15/02

Blades of non positive displacement machines

F01D 5/12

Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of tools or tool parts, a non-limiting example being pliers.

drilling-tools or other for making or working on holes
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of drilling tools or other for making or working on holes.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Metal drilling tools

B23B 51/00

Wood boring or turning tools

B27G 15/00

Earth drilling bits

E21B 10/00

twisting-tools, e.g. drills, reamers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of twisting tools, e.g. drills, reamers.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media52.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Dentistry root canal files

A61C 5/42

Tools for drilling machines

B23B 51/00

Wood boring or turning tools

B27G 15/00

Dressing, e.g. sharpening rock drills
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of dressing, e.g. sharpening rock drills.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media53.png

drifting tools
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of drifting tools.

Remark: this subgroup is empty.

Forming drill-bit shanks
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of drill-bit shanks.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media54.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Chucks and tool shanks

B23B 2231/00

Tools or bench devices not otherwise provided for

B25B

other cutting tools (cutlery wares B21K 11/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of other cutting tools, e.g. chisels, saw blades, chopping blades, nippers, etc.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media55.jpgmedia56.jpgmedia57.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Forging cutlery wares

B21K 11/00

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cutting stones

B28D 1/00

Mining picks

E21C 35/18

hand hammers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hand hammers.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Hand hammers

B25D 1/00

tools for turning nuts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of tool for turning nuts.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media58.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Spanners, wrenches

B25B 13/00

handles or parts therefor
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of handtools or parts therefor.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Surgical scalpels with detachable blade

A61B 17/3213

Making working faces of dies, either recessed or outstanding
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of working faces of dies, either recessed or outstanding.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media59.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Metal forging dies

B21J 13/02

Making dies by operations not covered in any other single subclass

B23P 15/24

Dies for working of plastic material

B29C

Making railway appurtenances; Making vehicle parts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of railway appurtenances or vehicle parts.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making machine elements

B21K 1/00

Making engine or like machine parts

B21K 3/00

parts for permanent way (spikes B21K 1/72)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of parts for permanent way.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media60.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Forging spikes

B21K 1/72

switch tongues
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of switch tongues.

sleepers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of sleepers.

base plates for rails, e.g. chairs
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of base plates for rails, e.g. chairs.

rails joints
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rails joints.

parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes.

brake rigging or brake parts
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of brake rigging or brake parts.

Reconditioning railroad accessories, e.g. rails
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the reconditioning of railroad accessories, e.g. rails.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media61.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Composite power rails

B60M 1/302

Composite rails

E01B 5/08

Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cutlery wares or garden tools. The expression "or the like" is to be ignored.

knives
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of knives.

spoons; table forks
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of spoons or table forks.

scissors
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of scissors.

sickles; scythes
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of sickles or scythes.

axes; picks
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of axes or picks.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

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spades; shovels
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of spades or shovels.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media63.jpg

rakes; garden forks
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of rakes or garden forks.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media64.jpg

Making locksmiths' goods, e.g. handles for cases
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of locksmiths' goods, e.g. handles for cases.

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Details of locks

E05B 15/00

hinges
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hinges.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media65.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Construction of hinges

E05D 5/00

Making blacksmiths' goods
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of blacksmith's goods.

horseshoes; appurtenances therefor
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of horseshoes or appurtenances therefor.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media66.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Shoeing of animals

A01L

caulks
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of caulks

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media67.jpg

metal attachments for footwear, e.g. wearresisting plates
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of metal attachments for footwear, e.g. wear-resisting plates.

Making sport articles, e.g. skates
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of sports articles, e.g. skates or golf clubs.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media68.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Golf clubs

A63B 53/00

Making articles for agricultural machinery
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of articles for agricultural machinery

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media69.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Dredging, soil-shifting

E02F

plough blades; ploughshares
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of plough blades or ploughshares.

Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group (essentially from sheet-metal or uniform thin-walled tubes B21D, e.g. B21D 41/00, B21D 51/00)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hollow articles.

Producing blanks in the shape of discs or cups as semifinished articles for making hollow articles, e.g. to be deep-drawn or extruded
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of discs or cups as semi-finished articles.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media70.jpg

Shaping thin-walled hollow articles, e.g. cartridges
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cartridges.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media71.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cartridge ammunition

F42B 5/00

Shaping thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media72.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Projectiles, missiles

F42B 12/00

Shaping hollow articles with different cross-section in longitudinal direction, e.g. nozzles, spark-plugs
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of hollow articles with different cross-section, e.g. nozzles, spark-plugs.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media73.jpgmedia74.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Spark plugs

H01T 21/02

cone-shaped or bell-shaped articles, e.g. insulator caps
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of cone-shaped or bell-shaped articles, e.g. insulator caps.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media75.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Electric terminals

H01M 50/543

Shaping end portions of hollow articles
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the shaping of end-portions of hollow articles.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media76.png

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making flanged articles

B21K 23/04

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Shaping end portions of hollow articles without substantially modifying the workpiece thickness

B21D 41/04

closed or substantially-closed ends, e.g. cartridge bottoms
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the shaping of closed or substantially closed end-portions of hollow articles, e.g. cartridge bottoms.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media77.png

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Closing end portions of hollow articles without substantially modifying the workpiece thickness

B21D 41/045

Remodelling hollow bodies with respect to the shape of the cross-section (remodelling end portions only B21K 21/12)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the remodelling of hollow bodies with respect to the shape of their cross-section.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media78.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Remodelling end-portions only

B21K 21/12

Making other articles
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of articles not provided for in the groups B21K 1/00 - B21K 21/00, especially thin articles worked in their thickness.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media79.jpgmedia80.jpg

Source: EP0945199, WO2006008861.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making machine elements

B21K 1/00

Making other machine elements

B21K 1/76

Making other engine or machine parts

B21K 3/00

members of endless tracks, e.g. track guides, shoes (making from sheet-metal B21D)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of members

of endless tracks, e.g. track guides, shoes.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media81.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Making roller chains

B21L 9/02

Endless track vehicles

B62D 55/00

flanged articles (B21K 1/28 takes precedence; flanging tubes B21D)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to the manufacture of flanged articles.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media82.jpgmedia83.jpgmedia84.jpg

Relationships with other classification places

Flanging tubes without substantially modifying the tube thickness

B21D

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Making wheel, disks

B21K 1/28

Shaping end-portions of hollow articles

B21K 21/12

Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components (uniting by interference- or press-fitting B23P 11/02, B21K 19/02)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods for uniting components in order to form integral members, with or without shaping the components.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media85.jpgmedia86.jpgmedia87.jpg

Relationships with other classification places

Interference or press-fitting

B23P 11/02

Uniting metal sheets by deformation

B21D 39/03

Press-welding by means or rolling mills

B23K 20/04

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Riveting

B21J 15/00

{by friction heat forging (B21J 15/027 takes precedence; friction heat forging per se B21J 5/063)}
Definition statement

This place covers:

Metal forging or pressing methods dedicated to uniting components by friction heat forging.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media88.jpg

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Friction heat riveting

B21J 15/027

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Friction heat forging per se

B21J 5/063

Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
Definition statement

This place covers:

Handling devices in relation to metal forging or pressing, for e.g. feeding, aligning, discharging, cutting off.

References
Limiting references

This place does not cover:

Accessories for handling forging work

B21J 13/08

Feeding devices for rods, wire, or strips
Definition statement

This place covers:

Devices for feeding rods, wires or strips into a forging machine.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

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allowing successive working steps
Definition statement

This place covers:

Devices for feeding and allowing successive working steps.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media90.jpgmedia91.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Multiple die presses

B21J 9/022

Cutting-off means; Arrangements thereof
Definition statement

This place covers:

Means for cutting-off forging material.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media92.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Cutting metal in general

B23D

Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing (for preparing metal stock to be forged or pressed B21J 1/06; heating equipment per se, see the appropriate classes, e.g. H05B)
Definition statement

This place covers:

Arrangements for heating or cooling during forging.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media93.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Heating processes before forging

B21J 1/06

Heating equipment per se

H05B

Control devices specially adapted for positioning tool carriers
Definition statement

This place covers:

Control devices specially adapted for positioning tool carriers.

Illustrative examples of subject matter classified in this group:

media94.jpgmedia95.jpg

References
Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Die mountings

B21J 13/03