Manual of U.S. Patent Classification
as of June 30, 2000

Class
D12
TRANSPORTATION

Class definitions may be accessed by clicking on the class title, above.
Subclass definitions may be accessed by clicking on the subclass number, below.

Patents classified in a subclass may be accessed by clicking on the " " icon following the subclass number, below.

( please note that links to definitions and classified patents may not be available for some classes and subclasses )

For search strategies, please refer to the Classification Index Explanation of Data web page.

Subclass		Title
ClassTitle		===> TRANSPORTATION
		EXCLUDED FROM THIS CLASS ARE:
		Beverage container holder, generic; see, D7-619+.
		Boat hardware, e.g., cleat, chock, etc. ; see, respectively, D8-382 and D8-356.
		Buoy; see D10-107.
		Engines; see D15-1+.
		Flight trainer or simulator; see D19-63.
		Handgrip for handlebar; see D8-303.
		Ignition component; see D13-126+.
		Infant or child's car seat; see D6-333.
		Lift or ramp for vehicle; see D34-28+.
		Material handling article; see D34.
		Oil collecting drip pan; see D15-152.
		Parts, components, or accessories of vehicles which are provided for elsewhere, e.g., automobile headlights; see D26-28+.
		For electric motors for vehicles; see D13-112+.
		Pulley or pulley block; see D8-360.
		Registration plate; see D20-13.
		Ski or non-motorized sports accessory such as skate, surfboard, snowboard, aquaplane, etc. ; see D21-760+.
		Static patient support; see D24-183.
		Toy or scale models of vehicles; see D21.
		Tractor, bulldozer, or earthworking machinery; see D15-10+.
		Traffic light viewing prism; see D16-137.
		Trash compactor container; see D34-3.
		Vehicle horn; see D10-120.
		Vehicle seats; see D6-356.
1		SPECIAL PURPOSE VEHICLE
2		. Combined, e.g., land-sea-air-type vehicle
3		. . Amphibious
4		. . Land and air
5		. Air cushion
6		. Sleigh or sled
7		. . Self-propelled (e.g., snowmobile
8		. . Standing occupant only
9		. . With occupant support elevated from runner
10		. . . Straddle or flat riding surface type
11		. . . Toboggan or skimming type
12		. Armored
13		. Firefighting
14		. Service vehicle (2)
15		. . Dumping or trash handling
16		. Golf car (3)
16.1		. Drone, guided missile, or rocket
17		VEHICLE DRAWN BY ANIMAL (4)
18		. Body with cover
19		. Cart or sulky
20		. Element or attachment
36		RAIL VEHICLE (INCLUDES TRAIN)
37		. Monorail
38		. Locomotive (includes combination with tender)
39		. Car
40		. . Passenger (includes self-propelled)
41		. . Freight
42		. Element or attachment
43		. . Body element
44		. . . Baggage support
45		. . Undercarriage
46		. . . Truck
47		. . . Bolster or bearing
48		. . . Draft, coupler, or uncoupler element
49		. . Railway (includes tie)
50		. . . Track
51		. . . Tie plate or clamp
52		TELPHER CARRIER OR CHAIR LIFT
300		WATERCRAFT OR HULL (8)
301		. Simulative
302		. Canoe or kayak
303		. Sailboat (36)
304		. . Plural hulls or outrigger, e.g., catamaran
305		. Air propeller driven
306		. Paddle wheel or crank driven
307		. Straddle or motorized surfboard type
308		. Submersible
309		. Hydrofoil
310		. Opposed hull skids forming longitudinal channel
311		. . Laterally stepped
312		. . Channel divided by keel or keel rib
313		. Laterally stepped bottom
314		. Longitudinal planing steps or strakes on bottom
315		. With cabin (37)
316		. Raft, float, or platform
317		. Element or attachment (42)
318		. . Deck or cabin unit (43)
319		AIRCRAFT, SPACECRAFT, OR FUSELAGE (38)
320		. Space satellite or habitat (39)
321		. Flexible or uniform-thickness material forming lift surface, e.g., parachute, paraglider, kite type, etc.
322		. Body supported
323		. Lighter-than-air, i.e., lift provided by hot air or gas
324		. Amphibious
325		. Disc or saucer shaped
326		. Vertical takeoff type
327		. . Rotary wing, i.e., lift during horizontal flight maintained by moving airfoil
328		. . . Plural horizontal rotors
329		. . . . Tandem
330		. . Ducted or shrouded fan
331		. Canard configuration or with plural distinct wings
332		. . Horizontal stabilizer ahead of wing
333		. Horizontal stabilizer conforms to and continues wing or fuselage configuration, e.g., lifting body type
334		. . Plural
335		. Plural fuselages or tail booms
336		. Plural distinct crew or armament nacelles
337		. T-tail empennage, i.e., stabilizer mounted at top of rudder or vertical fin
338		. Plural distinct rudders (40)
339		. Pusher propeller
340		. Pylon-mounted engine
341		. Wing-mounted engine
342		. Plural distinct engine air intakes on fuselage flanks or wing roots
343		. Jet propelled
344		. Propeller driven
345		. Element or attachment
82		MOTORCAR, BUS OR TRUCK (9)
83		. Simulative
84		. Bus
85		. Three-wheeled
86		. Motorcar or body
87		. . Dune buggy type
88		. . Two or more fully exposed wheels or detached fenders, e.g., racing-type vehicle
89		. . Stepped top
90		. . Contiguous hood and roof
91		. . Distinct hood or cowl
92		. . . With distinct trunk or notched back
93		. Motor truck or body (10)
94		. . Vehicle carrier
95		. . Tank-type carrier, e.g., oil, gasoline truck, etc.
96		. . Distinct operator or cargo compartment
97		. . . Articulated
98		. . . Cargo compartment open at top
99		. . Integral cab and cargo compartment
100		. . . Camping, e.g., motor home, etc. (11)
101		TRAILER OR TRAILER BODY (12)
102		. Fully enclosed
103		. . House or camping type (13)
104		. . . With expansible portion
105		. Partially enclosed
106		. Element or attachment (14)
107		CYCLE OR MOTORCYCLE (15)
108		. Simulative
109		. Tandem
110		. Motorcycle or frame
111		. Bicycle or frame
112		. Tricycle or frame
113		. . With distinct step plate or depression
114		. Element or attachment (16)
115		. . Cycle support or holding rack (17)
116		. . Sidecar
117		. . Frame part
118		. . . Fork or stem (18)
119		. . . Saddle post or support (19)
120		. . . Stand (20)
121		. . . Step plate for tricycle
122		. . Running gear (21)
123		. . . Crank or sprocket
124		. . . Derailleur or gear unit (22)
125		. . . Pedal or toe clip
126		. . Enclosure or guard (23)
127		. . . For chain, sprocket or derailleur, etc.
128		PERAMBULATOR, INVALID CHAIR, OR STRETCHER
129		. Stroller type
130		. Walker
131		. Wheelchair
132		. Wheeled stretcher
133		. Element or attachment
134		TIRE
135		. Combined with wheel or wheel trim
136		. With tread pattern (24)
137		. . Characterized by symbol, simulation, letter or numeral (25)
138		. . Distinct triangular element (26)
139		. . Distinct circular or oval element
140		. . Distinct square or rectangular element
141		. . Uninterrupted circumferential discrete groove and rib (34)
142		. . . Zigzag type
143		. . . . Opposite walls of groove laterally out of alignment or dissimilar
144		. . . . Sinuous curve type
145		. . . . Unidirectional and having parallel sides
146		. . Circumferential, diagonal and lateral straight groove or rib sides
147		. . Circumferential and diagonal straight groove or rib sides
148		. . Circumferential and lateral straight groove or rib sides
149		. . Diagonal and lateral straight groove or rib sides
150		. . Lateral straight groove or rib sides
151		. . Diagonal straight groove or rib sides
152		. With sidewall or shoulder feature
153		. Element or attachment
154		. . Anti-skid
400		PARTS, ACCESSORIES AND ATTACHMENTS FOR VEHICLES NOT ELSEWHERE SPECIFIED (7)
401		. Cover, canopy, or top (44)
402		. . Cycle type
403		. . Collapsible fabric, tent, or size-adjustable type (45)
404		. . With window, door, or hatch
405		. . . Passenger-type door
406		. Rack, carrier, or load barrier (46)
407		. . Cycle type (47)
408		. . . Mounted to other vehicle
409		. . . Fully enclosed
410		. . . . Molded shell type
411		. . . Beverage container holder or cage (48)
412		. . Roof or trunk mount type (49)
413		. . . Fully enclosed
414		. . Side rail or barrier type (50)
414.1		. . Cargo or flatbed type (57)
415		. Console, compartment, or interior accessory mount (51)
416		. . Attachable to seat (52)
417		. . Attachable to visor
418		. . Overhead type (e.g., ceiling mounted, etc.)
419		. . With provision for beverage container
420		. . . Hook or bracket mount
421		. . Armrest type (53)
422		. . Pocket type
423		. . Enclosed storage
424		. . . Combined with visible storage (e.g., tray, open bin, etc.)
425		. . Tray or open bin
426		. . Compartment divider
426.1		. . Desk type (58)
159		. Chassis element (28)
160		. . Axle element
161		. . Bearing or fifth wheel
162		. . Draw element, e.g., trailer hitch
163		. Radiator, grille, or bumper (29)
164		. . Combined with hood or fender
165		. . Vertically elongated axis
166		. . . Radiator or casing therefor
167		. . Bumper or guard
168		. . . Boat fender
169		. . . Vehicle-attached front or rear type
170		. . . . Combined with grille
171		. . . . Grille or radiator guard
172		. . . . Element or attachment
173		. Hood for motor vehicle
174		. Control element
175		. . Steering wheel
176		. . . Circular
177		. . . Element or attachment
178		. . Handlebar
179		. . Brake or gear shift lever or unit
180		. . Brake element
181		. Deflector or fender
182		. . Windshield
183		. . Window or curtain
184		. . Mudguard
185		. . . Splash shield or flap
186		. . . Cycle type
187		. Rear view mirror (30)
188		. . Combined with disparate article
189		. . Circular head
190		. Exterior or interior trim (54)
191		. . Visor or attachment therefor (55)
192		. . Instrument panel or element thereof
193		. . License plate holder, frame, or support
194		. . Tail pipe extension or muffler
195		. . Vehicle interior or interior panel
196		. . Exterior panel or door
197		. . Radiator cap, gas cap and/or hood ornament
198		. . . With temperature or water indicator
199		. . . Simulative
200		. . . . Humanoid
201		. . . Opposed radial arms
202		. Tire cover or support
203		. Mat, step, or step plate (31)
204		. Wheel or wheel cover (includes hub or rim)
205		. . Wire-type spoke
206		. . With air diverter, e.g., vane or scoop, etc.
207		. . Hub
208		. . Rim
209		. . Aperture or simulated aperture (32)
210		. . . Characterized by circular motif
211		. . . Aperture has two straight sides
212		. . Concentric circles
213		. . Element or attachment
214		. Propeller
215		. Oar, paddle or anchor (33)
216		. Grille or radiator cover
217		. Wheel chock or stop
218		. Fuel tank or fluid reservoir
219		. Wiper
220		. . Element or attachment
221		. Liner for interior surface (e.g., trunk, ceiling, truck load bed, etc.)
222		. Rollover protection unit or overhead light support bar
223		. Bracket or support (56)
		SEARCH NOTES FOR CLASS D12
		(1) Includes parts, components, and accessories which exist only in connection with a vehicle and cannot be placed in another class; these parts, components, etc. , are to be placed as an indented subclass or in the subclass of the vehicle on which they are used, or in subclasses 155+ if they are common to several vehicles in different subclasses.
		(2) Includes aircraft maintenance vehicle, tow truck, mobile service station, etc.
		(3) For golf bag cart, see D34-15.
		(4) Sleigh excluded; see subclasses 6+.
		(5) For powered passenger carrying golf car, see subclass 16.
		(6) For tilting carts, see subclasses 32+.
		(7) For ramp for elevating vehicles, see D34-32.
		(8) Classified by full line disclosure.
		(9) For special purpose type, see this class, subclasses 1+.
		(10) Elements included with indented subclasses 94-100 below.
		(11) For camping trailer per se, see subclasses 103+.
		For pickup truck-mounted camper, see subclass 156.
		(12) For truck semitrailer, see subclass 97.
		For snow vehicle trailer, see subclasses 6+.
		(13) For truck-mounted camper, search subclass 156.
		For motor home, see subclass 100.
		(14) For trailer hitch, see subclass 162.
		(15) Includes only pedal, lever, or engine-driven vehicle.
		(16) Includes trim. Excluded are wheels, tires and combinations thereof; see, respectively, subclasses 204+, 134+, and 135.
		For cycle-mounted carrier (e.g., basket, saddle bag, etc. ) see subclasses 407+.
		(17) For cycle-mounted stand, see subclass 120.
		(18) Includes element.
		For handlebar, see subclass 178.
		(19) For saddle, see Class D6-354.
		(20) Includes cycle-mounted kickstand.
		(21) Includes training or auxiliary wheel.
		(22) For control lever, see subclass 179.
		For fender, see subclass 186.
		(24) Tread includes surface contacting only. Shoulder or sidewall surfaces not considered. Classified by major design element(s) in tread. Minor elements such as slits or sipes are disregarded.
		(25) Excluding diamond shape.
		(26) Includes only isolated form, i. e. , form not connected to others in tread pattern.
		(27) Includes truck-mounted camper unit.
		For motor home, see subclass 100.
		For camping, see subclasses 103+.
		(28) Includes shock absorber or spring.
		(29) Includes radiator casings and assembly combinations.
		(30) Includes mirror head or support bracket per se.
		(31) Includes running board.
		(32) Excluding bolt, valve, or hub per se.
		(33) For boat hardware, see D8-356 and 382.
		(34) Only tires with tread patterns having both a discrete groove and a discrete rib are included in this subclass and indented subclasses.
		(35) Includes vehicle-attached fuel or oil tank. Includes heel rest.
		(36) Includes ice boat type.
		(37) For cabin per se, see subclass 318.
		(38) Classified by full line disclosure. Includes glider.
		(39) Includes craft intended exclusively for use in space.
		For craft with aerial flight capability, see following subclasses
		(40) Includes V-Tail type.
		(41) For propeller, see subclass 214.
		For component which is of a type and configuration suitable to other vehicles in this class (e.g., console, steering wheel, folding roof, fuel tank, etc.) see subclasses 400+;
		For interior storage compartment, see subclasses 415+.
		(42) For component which is of a type and configuration suitable to other vehicles in this class (e.g., console, steering wheel folding roof, fuel tank, etc.) see subclasses 400+.
		(43) For folding top, see subclass 403.
		(44) Includes vehicle-attached shelter;
		For top fitting such as bow, stay, bracket, etc. , see subclass 223;
		For window awning, see subclass 190.
		(45) Includes simulation of folding convertible top.
		(46) For interior type, see subclasses 415+.
		(47) Includes basket.
		(48) Includes combination with water bottle; for water bottle, per se, see D7-510.
		(49) For side rail or stanchion, see subclass 414.
		(50) Includes stanchion.
		(51) Includes, in this and in indented subclasses, vehicle-attached desk;
		For holder for audio tapes, discs, etc. , per se, see D6-407+.
		(52) For armrest, see subclass 421.
		(53) Includes armrest, per se.
		(54) For armrest, see subclass 421.
		(55) For visor-attached holder, see subclass 417.
		(56) Includes vehicle-attached flag mount.
		(57) Includes carrier or accessory type compartment mountable in a truck cargo area or flatbed trailor.
		For console or compartment designed for vehicle interior, see subclass 415+.
		(58) Includes steering wheel type desk or table.

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Last Modified: 6 October 2000