| Subclass |
| Title |
|---|
|
ClassTitle
|
| ===>
IMAGE ANALYSIS
|
| | | |
| 100 | ![[Patents]](../gifs/ps.gif) | APPLICATIONS |
| 101 | | . Mail processing |
| 102 | | . . ZIP code |
| 103 | | . Target tracking or detecting |
| 104 | | . Vehicle or traffic control (e.g., auto, bus, or train) |
| 105 | | . . License plate |
| 106 | | . Range or distance measuring |
| 107 | | . Motion or velocity measuring |
| 108 | | . Surface texture or roughness measuring |
| 109 | | . Seismic or geological sample measuring |
| 110 | | . Animal, plant, or food inspection |
| 111 | | . Textiles or clothing |
| 112 | | . Document or print quality inspection (e.g., newspaper, photographs, etc.) |
| 113 | | . Reading maps, graphs, drawings, or schematics |
| 114 | | . Reading aids for the visually impaired |
| 115 | | . Personnel identification (e.g., biometrics) |
| 116 | | . . Using a combination of features (e.g., signature and fingerprint) |
| 117 | | . . Using a characteristic of the eye |
| 118 | | . . Using a facial characteristic |
| 119 | | . . Using a signature |
| 120 | | . . . Sensing pressure together with speed or acceleration |
| 121 | | . . . Sensing pressure only |
| 122 | | . . . Sensing speed or acceleration only |
| 123 | | . . . Sensing geometrical properties |
| 124 | | . . Using a fingerprint |
| 125 | | . . . Extracting minutia such as ridge endings and bifurcations |
| 126 | | . . . With a guiding mechanism for positioning finger |
| 127 | | . . . With a prism |
| 128 | | . Biomedical applications |
| 129 | | . . DNA or RNA pattern reading |
| 130 | | . . Producing difference image (e.g., angiography) |
| 131 | | . . Tomography (e.g., CAT scanner) |
| 132 | | . . X-ray film analysis (e.g., radiography) |
| 133 | | . . Cell analysis, classification, or counting |
| 134 | | . . . Blood cells |
| 135 | | . Reading paper currency |
| 136 | | . Reading coins |
| 137 | | . Reading bank checks (e.g., documents bearing E-13B type characters) |
| 138 | | . . Reading monetary amount |
| 139 | | . . Reading MICR data |
| 140 | | . . . Including an optical imager or reader |
| 141 | | . Manufacturing or product inspection |
| 142 | | . . Bottle inspection |
| 143 | | . . Inspection of packaged consumer goods |
| 144 | | . . Mask inspection (e.g., semiconductor photomask) |
| 145 | | . . Inspection of semiconductor device or printed circuit board |
| 146 | | . . . Measuring external leads |
| 147 | | . . . Inspecting printed circuit boards |
| 148 | | . . . At plural magnifications or resolutions |
| 149 | | . . . Fault or defect detection |
| 150 | | . . . . Faulty soldering |
| 151 | | . . . Alignment, registration, or position determination |
| 152 | | . . Tool, workpiece, or mechanical component inspection |
| 153 | | . Robotics |
| 154 | | . 3-D or stereo imaging analysis |
| 155 | | LEARNING SYSTEMS |
| 156 | | . Neural networks |
| 157 | | . . Network learning techniques (e.g., back propagation) |
| 158 | | . . Network structures |
| 159 | | . Trainable classifiers or pattern recognizers (e.g., adaline, perceptron) |
| 160 | | . . Generating a standard by statistical analysis |
| 161 | | . . Alphanumerics |
| 162 | | COLOR IMAGE PROCESSING |
| 163 | | . Drop-out color in image (i.e., color to be removed) |
| 164 | | . Image segmentation using color |
| 165 | | . Pattern recognition or classification using color |
| 166 | | . Compression of color images |
| 167 | | . Color correction |
| 168 | | HISTOGRAM PROCESSING |
| 169 | | . With a gray-level transformation (e.g., uniform density transformation) |
| 170 | | . With pattern recognition or classification |
| 171 | | . For segmenting an image |
| 172 | | . For setting a threshold |
| 173 | | IMAGE SEGMENTATION |
| 174 | | . Using projections (i.e., shadow or profile of characters) |
| 175 | | . Separating document regions using preprinted guides or markings |
| 176 | | . Distinguishing text from other regions |
| 177 | | . Segmenting individual characters or words |
| 178 | | . . Separating touching or overlapping characters |
| 179 | | . . Segmenting hand-printed characters |
| 180 | | . Region labeling (e.g., page description language) |
| 181 | | PATTERN RECOGNITION |
| 182 | | . Limited to specially coded, human-readable characters |
| 183 | | . . Characters formed entirely of parallel bars (e.g., CMC-7) |
| 184 | | . . With separate timing or alignment marks |
| 185 | | . Ideographic characters (e.g., Japanese or Chinese) |
| 186 | | . Unconstrained handwriting (e.g., cursive) |
| 187 | | . On-line recognition of handwritten characters |
| 188 | | . . Writing on ordinary surface (i.e., electronics are in pen) |
| 189 | | . . With a display |
| 190 | | . Feature extraction |
| 191 | | . . Multispectral features (e.g., frequency, phase) |
| 192 | | . . Feature counting |
| 193 | | . . . Counting intersections of scanning lines with pattern |
| 194 | | . . . Counting individual pixels or pixel patterns |
| 195 | | . . Local or regional features |
| 196 | | . . . Slice codes |
| 197 | | . . . Directional codes and vectors (e.g., Freeman chains, compasslike codes) |
| 198 | | . . . . Extracted from alphanumeric characters |
| 199 | | . . . Pattern boundary and edge measurements |
| 200 | | . . . . Measurements made on alphanumeric characters |
| 201 | | . . . Point features (e.g., spatial coordinate descriptors) |
| 202 | | . . . Linear stroke analysis (e.g., limited to straight lines) |
| 203 | | . . . Shape and form analysis |
| 204 | | . . . . Topological properties (e.g., number of holes in a pattern, connectivity, etc.) |
| 205 | | . . . Local neighborhood operations (e.g., 3x3 kernel, window, or matrix operator) |
| 206 | | . . Global features (e.g., measurements on image as a whole, such as area, projections, etc.) |
| 207 | | . . Waveform analysis |
| 208 | | . . . With a tapped delay line |
| 209 | | . Template matching (e.g., specific devices that determine the best match) |
| 210 | | . . Spatial filtering (e.g., holography) |
| 211 | | . . . With electrically controlled light modulator or filter |
| 212 | | . . Nonholographic optical mask or transparency |
| 213 | | . . . Using both positive and negative masks or transparencies |
| 214 | | . . . With a display |
| 215 | | . . Using dynamic programming or elastic templates (e.g., warping) |
| 216 | | . . At multiple image orientations or positions |
| 217 | | . . Electronic template |
| 218 | | . . . Comparator |
| 219 | | . . . . Determining both similarities and differences |
| 220 | | . . . . Calculating weighted similarity or difference (e.g., don`t-care areas) |
| 221 | | . . . . Counting difference pixels |
| 222 | | . . . . . Using an Exclusive-OR gate |
| 223 | | . . . Resistor matrix |
| 224 | | . Classification |
| 225 | | . . Cluster analysis |
| 226 | | . . Sequential decision process (e.g., decision tree structure) |
| 227 | | . . . With a multilevel classifier |
| 228 | | . . Statistical decision process |
| 229 | | . Context analysis or word recognition (e.g., character string) |
| 230 | | . . Trigrams or digrams |
| 231 | | . . Checking spelling for recognition |
| 232 | | IMAGE COMPRESSION OR CODING |
| 233 | | . Including details of decompression |
| 234 | | . Parallel coding architecture |
| 235 | | . Substantial processing of image in compressed form |
| 236 | | . Interframe coding (e.g., difference or motion detection) |
| 237 | | . Gray level to binary coding |
| 238 | | . Predictive coding |
| 239 | | . Adaptive coding (i.e., changes based upon history, activity, busyness, etc.) |
| 240 | | . Pyramid, hierarchy, or tree structure |
| 241 | | . Polygonal approximation |
| 242 | | . Contour or chain coding (e.g., Bezier) |
| 243 | | . Shape, icon, or feature-based compression |
| 244 | | . Lossless compression |
| 245 | | . . Run-length coding |
| 246 | | . . Huffman or variable-length coding |
| 247 | | . . Arithmetic coding |
| 248 | | . Transform coding |
| 249 | | . . Fractal |
| 250 | | . . Discrete cosine or sine transform |
| 251 | | . Quantization |
| 252 | | . . Error diffusion or dispersion |
| 253 | | . . Vector quantization |
| 254 | | IMAGE ENHANCEMENT OR RESTORATION |
| 255 | | . Focus measuring or adjusting (e.g., deblurring) |
| 256 | | . Object boundary expansion or contraction |
| 257 | | . . Dilation or erosion (e.g., opening or closing) |
| 258 | | . . Line thinning or thickening |
| 259 | | . . . Skeletonizing |
| 260 | | . Image filter |
| 261 | | . . Adaptive filter |
| 262 | | . . Median filter |
| 263 | | . . Highpass filter (i.e., for sharpening or enhancing details) |
| 264 | | . . Lowpass filter (i.e., for blurring or smoothing) |
| 265 | | . . Recursive filter |
| 266 | | . Edge or contour enhancement |
| 267 | | . . Minimize discontinuities in dot-matrix image data (i.e., connecting or merging the dots) |
| 268 | | . . Minimize discontinuities at boundaries of image blocks (i.e., reducing blocking effects or effects of wrap-around) |
| 269 | | . . Minimize jaggedness in edges (e.g., anti-aliasing) |
| 270 | | . Variable threshold, gain, or slice level |
| 271 | | . . Based on the results of a count |
| 272 | | . . Based on a local average, mean, or median |
| 273 | | . . Based on peak levels |
| 274 | | . Intensity, brightness, contrast, or shading correction |
| 275 | | . Artifact removal or suppression (e.g., distortion correction) |
| 276 | | IMAGE TRANSFORMATION OR PREPROCESSING |
| 277 | | . Transforming each dimension separately |
| 278 | | . Correlation |
| 279 | | . Convolution |
| 280 | | . Fourier transform |
| 281 | | . Walsh, Hough, or Hadamard transform |
| 282 | | . Selecting a portion of an image |
| 283 | | . . Using a mask |
| 284 | | . Combining image portions (e.g., portions of oversized documents) |
| 285 | | . Mapping 2-D image onto a 3-D surface |
| 286 | | . Measuring image properties (e.g., length, width, or area) |
| 287 | | . . Detecting alignment marks |
| 288 | | . . Determining center of gravity or moment |
| 289 | | . . Determining amount an image is rotated or skewed |
| 290 | | . . . Where the image is a character, word, or text |
| 291 | | . . Determining the position of an object |
| 292 | | . . . Where the object is a character, word, or text |
| 293 | | . Changing the image coordinates |
| 294 | | . . Registering or aligning multiple images to one another |
| 295 | | . . To position or translate an image |
| 296 | | . . To rotate an image |
| 297 | | . . . Rotation of image is limited to 90 degrees, 180 degrees, or 270 degrees |
| 298 | | . . To change the scale or size of an image |
| 299 | | . . . Raising or lowering the image resolution (e.g., subpixel accuracy) |
| 300 | | . . . . Interpolation |
| 301 | | . . . Where the image is an alphanumeric character |
| 302 | | . Multilayered image transformations |
| 303 | | . . Pipeline processing |
| 304 | | . . Parallel processing |
| 305 | | . Image storage or retrieval |
| 306 | | . . Using identification indicia on document |
| 307 | | . General purpose image processor |
| 308 | | . . Morphological operations (i.e., local neighborhood operations) |
| 309 | | EDITING, ERROR CHECKING, OR CORRECTION (E.G., POSTRECOGNITION PROCESSING) |
| 310 | | . Correcting alphanumeric recognition errors |
| 311 | | . Including operator interaction |
| 312 | | IMAGE SENSING |
| 313 | | . Hand-held |
| 314 | | . . Sensing mechanism in stylus |
| 315 | | . . Sensing mechanism in platen |
| 316 | | . Curve tracer |
| 317 | | . Sensor control (e.g., OCR sheet controls copier or fax) |
| 318 | | . Multiple scanning |
| 319 | | . . Prescanning |
| 320 | | . Magnetic |
| 321 | | . Optical (e.g., OCR) |
| 322 | | . . Single spot |
| 323 | | . . Single line |
| 324 | | . . Full retina |
| 325 | | MISCELLANEOUS |
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