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U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Electronic Information Products Division
Patent Technology Monitoring Team (PTMT)

U.S. Government
Utility Patent Grants,
Calendar Years 1969-2004

- this report has been prepared with support from the National Science Foundation -

BREAKOUT BY TECHNOLOGY CLASS -
PATENTS DISTRIBUTED BY CALENDAR YEAR OF PATENT APPLICATION

NUMBER OF UTILITY PATENTS ASSIGNED ANNUALLY TO
U.S. GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

- Explanation of Data -

Rank Ordered Listing of Technology Classes Receiving 1 or More Utility Patents During the Period

This Summary Table Displays Patent Counts By Technology Class For
Patents Granted To:

ALL U.S. GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

( count of patent grants, as distributed by calendar year of patent application )
( technology class is determined by the primary patent classification - see 'Explanation of Data' )

This table displays annual patent counts for the selected U.S. Government entry.
Counts of granted patents are either distributed by the year of patent grant
or by the year of patent filing.
Class Class Title PRE_1984 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total
073 Measuring and Testing 1112 34 28 30 27 35 38 47 45 34 44 38 37 43 41 33 37 22 33 43 5 0 1806
102 Ammunition and Explosives 1225 19 18 15 11 16 24 24 24 28 19 14 13 21 20 29 12 29 21 24 9 0 1615
250 Radiant Energy 924 25 38 27 27 22 43 53 36 44 57 38 38 27 27 31 18 19 17 10 4 0 1525
532 Organic Compounds (includes Classes 532-570) 894 31 24 13 23 26 23 23 32 47 34 28 21 18 16 24 19 25 19 16 4 0 1360
342 Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) 959 28 10 12 4 10 22 18 23 33 32 28 17 15 12 14 14 16 16 21 10 0 1314
424 Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (includes Class 514) 287 23 23 23 34 38 38 42 48 61 61 100 133 51 64 51 48 65 76 21 4 0 1291
435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology 173 18 18 20 22 28 43 43 50 61 79 93 113 62 63 60 63 55 49 14 0 0 1127
244 Aeronautics 652 28 29 15 15 28 13 33 19 28 20 10 12 14 15 12 11 23 21 13 9 0 1020
367 Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices 600 10 7 5 5 8 13 21 19 29 29 24 30 33 33 25 28 19 26 22 13 0 999
356 Optics: Measuring and Testing 547 23 26 14 12 24 25 19 31 25 16 20 25 21 29 18 12 18 12 7 1 0 925
324 Electricity: Measuring and Testing 530 23 20 9 13 18 21 31 39 23 24 17 23 17 17 16 17 22 22 7 3 0 912
520 Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers (includes Classes 520-528) 459 25 19 16 11 22 33 34 31 41 22 25 29 18 17 15 21 18 13 14 1 0 884
359 Optics: Systems and Elements 384 24 22 26 12 21 27 29 24 28 26 14 25 15 17 20 10 21 21 9 3 0 778
372 Coherent Light Generators 414 29 15 22 13 17 33 28 30 29 38 22 17 11 9 9 8 5 9 5 2 0 765
089 Ordnance 470 8 15 12 10 14 17 24 17 18 15 13 12 11 13 15 12 18 14 9 8 0 745
376 Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements 496 28 19 18 10 6 11 12 10 5 3 1 3 3 7 3 1 3 2 8 0 0 649
423 Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds 477 15 17 8 11 12 8 6 15 10 12 9 4 4 6 4 5 7 5 3 0 0 638
343 Communications: Radio Wave Antennas 405 12 10 14 6 9 6 8 4 6 10 16 13 8 11 13 23 15 9 21 0 0 619
149 Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges 440 11 9 3 3 4 10 4 10 3 6 5 1 9 6 10 10 12 8 6 5 0 575
327 Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems 495 7 4 2 0 1 7 3 4 12 1 0 6 1 4 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 553
060 Power Plants 370 5 9 7 9 9 4 14 14 6 17 7 5 4 5 4 11 14 19 7 2 0 542
428 Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles 245 15 14 19 6 14 11 15 15 20 22 16 18 19 15 16 13 8 10 6 1 0 518
114 Ships 273 2 2 0 0 5 5 10 6 20 16 17 26 26 17 13 15 15 19 22 6 0 515
427 Coating Processes 273 9 17 4 8 10 12 21 16 16 11 13 11 12 17 9 7 5 5 5 4 0 485
429 Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process 264 20 18 22 8 15 11 15 15 8 19 6 8 4 5 8 3 6 9 1 0 0 465
333 Wave Transmission Lines and Networks 303 12 16 10 6 15 10 5 7 9 10 6 5 1 4 5 2 3 3 0 0 0 432
310 Electrical Generator or Motor Structure 211 10 11 7 7 2 12 7 13 6 12 12 12 4 9 6 7 9 4 7 3 0 371
210 Liquid Purification or Separation 196 4 8 6 10 13 9 18 13 8 12 10 13 8 9 4 5 5 5 7 2 0 365
128 Surgery (includes Class 600) 169 4 6 5 7 8 12 9 14 10 9 15 13 15 8 8 18 12 14 7 1 0 364
264 Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes 221 6 5 9 7 11 3 6 9 14 10 4 6 10 15 8 2 7 6 2 0 0 361
385 Optical Waveguides 123 2 9 5 4 10 11 14 14 21 19 14 22 10 16 18 14 12 15 5 1 0 359
257 Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes) 120 8 4 4 9 14 11 13 14 11 26 18 21 13 10 19 8 11 5 13 2 0 354
137 Fluid Handling 277 4 6 4 4 1 4 5 8 5 6 3 3 6 3 4 1 5 1 2 1 0 353
438 Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process 146 4 13 7 1 12 16 9 9 11 11 15 8 12 8 20 11 5 13 10 5 0 346
315 Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems 227 18 5 10 8 13 5 6 10 7 5 2 7 6 3 2 3 2 1 2 1 0 343
340 Communications: Electrical 208 5 5 5 2 7 6 3 11 6 9 14 6 12 7 7 9 4 9 5 3 0 343
252 Compositions 210 11 8 3 2 6 8 22 4 9 4 7 4 4 6 5 6 3 4 4 0 0 330
348 Television 239 7 6 3 3 5 5 8 7 9 5 8 6 1 5 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 325
204 Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy 207 8 13 8 4 5 5 7 6 9 9 11 7 5 4 4 4 4 3 1 0 0 324
205 Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions 193 8 6 3 7 10 7 8 7 11 10 5 4 4 2 3 4 3 5 3 0 0 303
029 Metal Working 181 4 7 2 3 4 2 12 11 1 10 8 5 7 5 2 7 8 2 2 1 0 284
436 Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing 132 4 5 7 2 6 10 4 11 7 10 8 10 8 16 11 13 8 9 2 1 0 284
426 Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products 207 3 1 1 2 5 4 7 6 4 4 2 1 1 8 1 5 4 4 1 0 0 271
708 Arithmetic Processing and Calculating (Electrical Computers) 205 10 5 5 4 2 5 2 4 5 4 5 1 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 269
008 Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers 238 2 3 4 6 2 3 3 4 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 267
361 Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices 161 5 4 3 2 4 6 9 7 9 7 7 3 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 1 0 247
331 Oscillators 170 11 11 5 7 6 3 3 1 6 5 2 3 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 243
219 Electric Heating 123 10 3 5 7 9 13 6 9 8 19 3 2 4 6 4 3 2 1 1 1 0 239
434 Education and Demonstration 162 3 2 4 0 3 6 7 7 2 7 8 2 3 7 1 1 2 6 2 0 0 235
374 Thermal Measuring and Testing 140 5 4 2 3 4 10 7 6 14 4 3 4 5 2 3 3 4 5 4 0 0 232
375 Pulse or Digital Communications 126 5 4 1 5 4 5 7 14 4 6 8 7 5 8 8 7 3 0 0 0 0 227
422 Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing 131 2 4 2 3 7 6 6 9 9 7 5 5 2 7 6 3 9 2 2 0 0 227
062 Refrigeration 128 13 5 9 4 6 5 5 6 2 10 4 2 3 7 6 3 0 6 2 0 0 226
530 Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof 63 3 2 4 5 6 9 9 10 13 9 12 21 10 11 7 11 10 10 1 0 0 226
148 Metal Treatment 122 6 6 4 5 5 5 9 4 6 9 8 8 5 2 2 2 5 4 4 0 0 221
330 Amplifiers 174 4 2 5 3 3 7 2 3 3 4 4 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 219
313 Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices 149 3 6 6 5 2 2 2 3 5 3 0 5 5 1 3 1 2 4 0 2 0 209
702 DP: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing (Data Processing) 49 5 1 1 2 5 5 2 11 9 3 4 11 17 12 14 9 22 17 9 1 0 209
156 Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture 114 3 9 5 4 3 1 7 5 1 7 7 13 5 8 3 5 4 1 1 1 0 207
165 Heat Exchange 117 7 4 5 8 8 4 5 5 6 4 1 4 1 2 1 5 2 2 3 0 0 194
382 Image Analysis 36 7 4 4 2 7 1 9 7 14 9 5 5 9 13 15 19 10 7 2 0 0 185
455 Telecommunications 143 4 4 1 0 4 2 1 3 0 2 3 1 7 3 3 1 2 1 0 0 0 185
341 Coded Data Generation or Conversion 134 1 2 0 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 7 6 0 1 5 3 5 2 4 1 0 183
136 Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric 111 6 4 3 1 0 5 7 2 7 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 0 1 2 0 0 176
075 Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures 102 5 3 6 8 5 3 6 5 3 5 3 3 6 3 4 1 1 0 1 1 0 174
033 Geometrical Instruments 111 4 5 2 5 6 3 3 5 3 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 4 2 3 1 0 162
378 X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices 87 5 3 0 3 3 5 11 8 4 10 1 3 1 1 4 2 3 3 4 0 0 161
117 Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor 64 6 10 5 4 5 6 9 9 4 7 6 5 1 3 1 3 2 3 4 1 0 158
074 Machine Element or Mechanism 121 0 2 3 3 2 2 1 3 6 3 2 1 3 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 157
439 Electrical Connectors 100 3 3 3 2 2 1 6 3 5 4 1 3 3 3 3 4 1 3 1 2 0 156
239 Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing 104 5 3 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 2 4 3 0 4 1 2 2 2 0 1 0 151
318 Electricity: Motive Power Systems 103 2 5 3 0 2 5 3 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 0 2 2 0 0 0 144
228 Metal Fusion Bonding 91 6 3 7 5 0 4 6 1 4 2 2 2 1 2 0 2 1 0 0 2 0 141
174 Electricity: Conductors and Insulators 99 5 0 0 0 2 1 4 6 2 3 4 3 0 1 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 138
701 DP: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location (Data Processing) 46 4 0 1 3 3 1 4 2 5 2 5 6 2 6 9 2 11 9 8 1 0 130
365 Static Information Storage and Retrieval 89 0 2 1 2 2 1 6 3 3 2 3 5 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 125
420 Alloys or Metallic Compositions 93 4 4 0 6 3 3 3 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 1 0 0 124
307 Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems 78 8 1 1 1 3 1 4 2 2 2 3 4 2 4 2 0 4 0 0 1 0 123
501 Compositions: Ceramic 31 4 2 5 3 5 6 9 4 6 6 6 8 7 3 6 2 3 3 2 1 0 122
398 Optical Communications 56 4 4 3 1 4 4 6 5 3 4 2 4 1 4 7 6 2 0 0 0 0 120
405 Hydraulic and Earth Engineering 55 0 2 1 2 2 1 1 6 11 3 4 7 3 3 2 3 3 4 5 0 0 118
335 Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets 42 2 0 4 4 5 7 7 8 5 3 9 7 2 2 2 3 3 1 1 0 0 117
248 Supports (e.g., for holding articles, etc.) 63 1 2 3 4 2 2 4 5 2 4 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 4 2 2 0 113
588 Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment 56 2 1 3 1 3 0 1 1 7 2 2 5 8 6 4 5 3 0 1 0 0 111
370 Multiplex Communications 66 6 1 0 1 3 1 0 2 2 5 2 2 4 0 10 2 3 0 0 0 0 110
042 Firearms 69 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 3 2 2 1 5 1 5 1 3 4 1 3 3 1 109
106 Compositions: Coating or Plastic 68 1 0 2 0 1 2 2 2 2 4 0 5 2 3 1 1 2 4 3 2 0 107
505 Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process 0 0 0 0 5 12 16 21 10 10 12 4 5 3 2 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 105
294 Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements 59 5 2 3 3 5 2 5 3 3 3 0 2 1 0 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 104
416 Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers) 67 4 1 3 0 2 1 5 3 4 2 0 2 0 2 2 1 1 2 1 0 0 103
363 Electric Power Conversion Systems 76 2 1 1 2 0 0 2 0 3 1 1 3 3 1 0 2 1 1 0 1 0 101
002 Apparel 60 6 1 0 0 3 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 3 0 3 0 98
700 DP: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications (Data Processing) 23 1 1 1 1 6 1 2 7 6 8 7 5 3 3 5 1 3 5 4 1 0 94
403 Joints and Connections 38 2 1 1 3 2 3 4 7 11 5 3 0 3 1 4 0 2 3 0 0 0 93
126 Stoves and Furnaces 72 2 1 1 0 1 2 3 2 2 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 92
430 Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof 46 2 2 0 3 0 3 4 2 5 3 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 4 0 1 0 91
502 Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making 41 1 2 2 4 3 5 4 6 6 2 1 2 3 3 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 90
277 Seal for a Joint or Juncture 51 2 2 0 2 1 1 4 3 0 3 2 0 2 0 2 1 9 2 1 1 0 89
508 Solid Anti-Friction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions 69 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 1 3 3 2 1 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 89
377 Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems 76 3 0 0 0 1 0 2 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 88
419 Powder Metallurgy Processes 42 2 1 4 3 9 7 4 4 1 2 2 3 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 88
714 Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery 47 1 2 1 4 2 3 6 0 4 2 4 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 0 0 88
071 Chemistry: Fertilizers 47 4 2 5 4 5 5 0 2 0 3 4 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 87
417 Pumps 42 2 3 0 0 0 2 2 0 7 6 3 1 5 1 2 6 0 1 0 1 0 84
181 Acoustics 50 0 2 1 2 1 4 3 4 1 1 3 1 1 0 2 1 2 2 1 0 0 82
200 Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers 67 3 1 2 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 82
384 Bearings 60 4 0 1 1 1 1 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 82
414 Material or Article Handling 56 3 3 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 4 0 1 0 0 81
415 Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps 45 1 0 7 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 0 1 0 2 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 81
345 Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual Display Systems 39 1 1 1 0 1 1 3 3 0 0 4 4 5 2 7 2 4 2 0 0 0 80
380 Cryptography 53 0 2 0 1 0 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 3 1 0 0 0 79
209 Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids 49 2 5 1 1 4 3 2 1 1 1 0 2 0 1 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 78
216 Etching a Substrate: Processes 42 2 1 1 2 3 3 5 2 2 2 5 4 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 78
706 DP: Artificial Intelligence (Data Processing) 1 0 0 0 1 1 6 1 7 6 8 6 7 7 5 5 11 6 0 0 0 0 78
065 Glass Manufacturing 36 3 4 1 0 5 2 5 3 2 0 2 3 4 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 0 75
118 Coating Apparatus 47 2 1 2 0 1 1 3 1 2 2 2 1 5 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 74
441 Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices 45 3 1 0 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 3 2 0 0 73
095 Gas Separation: Processes 40 0 1 0 1 4 1 2 2 2 3 0 1 1 2 4 1 2 3 2 0 0 72
220 Receptacles 42 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 0 72
323 Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems 46 0 1 4 0 0 4 3 3 3 3 1 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 72
052 Static Structures (e.g., Buildings) 43 0 1 4 3 1 0 1 0 4 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 70
285 Pipe Joints or Couplings 41 2 1 3 3 2 3 0 1 2 5 1 0 0 1 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 69
208 Mineral Oils: Processes and Products 36 6 4 4 1 2 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 63
188 Brakes 36 1 2 0 1 0 1 2 2 1 5 1 4 3 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 62
280 Land Vehicles 33 4 1 0 1 3 1 0 3 2 2 0 1 3 0 3 1 0 2 1 1 0 62
134 Cleaning and Liquid Contact with Solids 23 1 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 0 1 2 4 0 0 3 0 6 3 5 0 0 60
180 Motor Vehicles 37 1 4 2 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 3 2 3 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 60
123 Internal-Combustion Engines 24 1 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 2 1 1 5 2 3 1 6 6 1 1 1 0 59
251 Valves and Valve Actuation 38 1 0 2 0 0 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 3 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 59
451 Abrading 30 2 8 1 0 0 0 5 3 0 1 0 1 2 0 3 0 2 0 1 0 0 59
096 Gas Separation: Apparatus 32 1 4 3 0 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 58
048 Gas: Heating and Illuminating 47 2 0 0 2 2 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 57
703 DP: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation (Data Processing) 8 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 1 2 0 6 7 1 4 7 7 2 0 0 0 0 57
442 Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, Etc.) 43 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56
166 Wells (shafts or deep borings in the earth, e.g., for oil and gas) 40 1 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 55
086 Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making 36 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 3 3 1 0 1 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 54
604 Surgery (Medicators and Receptors) 26 1 1 0 0 2 1 0 4 0 4 5 0 3 1 1 1 0 3 1 0 0 54
044 Fuel and Related Compositions 29 2 3 1 1 1 3 1 0 1 0 0 1 5 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 53
235 Registers (e.g., cash registers, calculators, devices for counting movements of devices, etc.) 39 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 3 0 3 0 0 53
425 Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus 34 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 4 1 1 1