RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCE APPLIED TO BODY FOR THERAPY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for the application of radiation emitted by radioactivity, including alpha particles, gamma rays, nucleus and electrons, from a radioactive substance to or within the body for therapeutic purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
250, Radiant Energy, subclass 493.1 for radioactive source generally.
252, Compositions, 625 for radioactive compositions in general.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, 2 and 249+ for processes of preparing radioactive compounds by a chemical reaction.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, particularly 1.11 for radionuclide containing subject matter, for: compositions (A) for preventing, alleviating, treating, or curing abnormal and pathological conditions of the living body, for maintaining, increasing, decreasing, limiting, or destroying a physiologic body function, for diagnosing a physiological condition or state by an in vivo test, for controlling or protecting an environment or living body by attracting, disabling, inhibiting, killing, modifying, repelling, or retarding an animal or micro-organism, (B) for deodorizing, protecting, adorning, or grooming a body, (C) for fermentates and extracts for use in A or B and not elsewhere provided for, and (D) such compositions defined in terms of specific structure; methods of making the above compositions; nominal methods of using the class defined compositions for purposes in A and B; and methods of using compounds, per se, for purposes in A and B. Class 600 provides for manipulative methods of using the Class 424 defined compositions for purposes in A and B. See the Class Definitions in Class 424 for the line between Class 128 (and its subsidiary classes) and Class 424.

Combined with other radiant or wave energy source (e.g., electromagnetic, thermal, microwave etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter wherein the radioactive substance is associated with another radiant energy source such as electromagnetic, thermal, microwave or other wave energy source to provide dual or synergistic treatment to or within the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
9 for magnetic fluid applied to body.

Radioactive substance placed within body (e.g., inhaled, implanted, injected, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter
wherein the radioactive substance is introduced directly within the body or in a natural body orifice.
(1) Note. The radioactive substance can be introduced into the body by various techniques and devices. These can include inhaling the radioactive substance in a gaseous form, surgically implanting the radioactive substance at a specific location, injecting the substance either in solid or fluid form through a needle, or by inserting the substance into a natural body orifice.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, 203.12 for breathing devices for breathing gases carrying medicinal substances.

By fluid injection of radioactive or enhancing agent through body piercing conduit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein a fluid radioactive or enhancing agent is introduced into the body either intravascularly or intramuscularly through an injector having a body piercing hollow needle or conduit attached thereto.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, 93.01 and 506+ for medicinal procedures and infectors in general.

Fluid reservoir shielding (e.g., syringe):
This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Subject matter wherein the injector is provided with a protective sheathing to safeguard against leakage or degradation of the radioactive contents thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, 187 for manual injector structure in general.

Utero-vaginal or pelvic application:
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein the radioactive substance is placed within the pelvic
cavity, particularly within the Utero-Vaginal tract contained therein, for treatment thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclass 515 for methods of introducing other therapeutic materials into the female reproductory tract.

Injectors/holders for seeds or implants (e.g., capsules):
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter wherein a solid or a capsuled mass of radioactive material is inserted into the body, usually into a natural body orifice or subcutaneously by piercing the skin, by means of a utensil adapted to receive the solid or a hollow tubular conduit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, 57 and 93.01+ for devices for inserting or injecting solid medicinal materials into the body.

Seeds:
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Subject matter wherein the solid radioactive material inserted is in the form of a small capsule or a hollow radium containing device shaped like a needle.
(1) Note. Radioactive material in the form of small capsules or having a needle like shape are usually referred to as radium seeds in the art.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, 57 and 93.01 for solid implants and capsules other than radioactive containing.

MAGNETIC FIELD APPLIED TO BODY FOR THERAPY:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an force field generated by a magnet is applied to the body for therapeutic purposes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
219, Electric Heating, 600 for inductive heating, subclasses 678+ for microwave heating, and subclasses 764+ for capacitive dielectric heating.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets, 209 for magnet and electromagnet structure.

Radio frequency wave induced magnetic field for subcutaneous hyperthermia:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein electromagnetic waves having a determined radio wave frequency are utilized to generate the magnetic force field within body tissue which force field elevates the body temperature in the area being subjected to the magnetic field.
(1) Note. The degree of hyperthermia is controlled such that normal tissue is not affected by the rise in temperature but abnormal tissue such as tumors or malignancies are caused to necrose or deteriorate.

Probes:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the magnetic force field device is an elongated element specifically structured for removing embedded particles of magnetically attracted material from the body, usually from the eye.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
606, Surgery, subclass 100, for devices adapted to remove objects from the pharynx or esophagus.

Magnetic element placed within body (e.g., injected, inserted, implanted, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the magnet for therapeutic treatment is placed within the body either (a) by insertion into a natural body orifice, (b) by injection into the body by a hollow piercing conduit, or (c) by surgical implantation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
606, Surgery, subclass 106 for devices adapted to remove objects from the throat or connected passageways.

Electromagnetic coil:
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein a device consisting of an iron or steel core is surrounded by a wound wire spiral of an indefinite number of turns through which electricity passes to generate the magnetic field in said iron or steel core.

Pulsating field:
This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Subject matter wherein the electric current generating the magnetic field is given a transient amplification or intensification followed by a return to a state of equilibrium upon the electric current is again given a transient amplification.

Externally supported or worn (e.g., garment, belt, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Subject matter wherein the magnetic force field is applied to the body by a means attached to the outer surface of the body.
(1) Note. These implements are usually belt-like or garment-like in form.

CARDIAC AUGMENTATION (PULSATORS, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter, having permanent or temporary mechanical means attached to the body for assisting the action of an ailing or weakened heart which cannot perform adequately to circulate blood through the body's vascular systems.
(1) Note. These devices do not replace the heart, per se, rather they only augment the heart's pumping action. The assistance can be continuous or intermittent and can be
synchronized with the regular heartbeat.

With condition responsive means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the means for varying the rate or amount of assist to the heart has a detector means which senses a change in some variable in a person and in response to said change controls the rate or amount of assisting action to the heart.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclasses 65-67 and 503 which are conditional responsive to vary treatment flow into and out of the body.

Aortic balloon pumping:
This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Subject matter wherein the augmentation means is a tubular means having a bore or lumen extending therethrough, which bore or lumen contains an inflatable means, said tubular means being inserted intra-arterially to a position near the heart and thereafter inflated and deflated rhymically to augment the heart's pumping action.

ANTIGRAVITATIONAL SYSTEMS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including means adapted to protect air craft occupants (e.g., pilots, astronauts etc.) from excessive accelerational and centrifugal forces generated by force of gravity during flight maneuvers which could cause loss of consciousness, e.g., "blackout", due to sudden change in the blood supply to the occupants' brain.

Body suits:
This subclass is indented under subclass 19. Subject matter wherein the means adapted to protect the occupants includes a pressurized garment which substantially encloses all or a
portion or the body of the occupant.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, subclass 202.12 for chambers having a supply of pressurized oxygen.

INSOLATION TREATMENT CHAMBERS:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an enclosure means to contain a human or animal body, or a portion thereof, for the purpose of (a) quarantining a patient, (b) maintaining sterile conditions around a patient during operative surgery or (c) preventing spread of contamination into or out of the enclosure container.
(1) Note. these structures can take the form of large static room-like building structures or small flexible walled tent-like enclosures.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, subclass 202.12 for hypobaric chambers.
312, Supports: Cabinet Structure, subclass 1 for glove-box chambers.

Incubators:
This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Subject matter wherein the enclosures is specifically designed to maintain a premature infant in an environment of controlled temperature, oxygen and humidity.

SPEECH CORRECTION/THERAPY (E.G., ANTISTAMMERING):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter having devices and systems for treating verbal communication deficiencies such as stuttering, nasal emission and other impediments to one's speech.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes methods for monitoring and techniques for treating the speech defects.

Oral cavity devices:
This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Subject matter wherein the device is designed to fit within the mouth of a user for preventing speech defects, such as stammering.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, subclass 848 and 859+ for devices placed in the mouth for preventing snoring and for protecting the mouth.

SURGICALLY IMPLANTED VIBRATORY HEARING AID:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a small ambient sound reproducing system having a vibratory output is placed inside the body.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
73, Measuring and Testing, subclass 585 for ear or hearing testing, and subclasses 645+ for measuring acoustic parameters.
181, Acoustics, 126 for mechanical hearing aids.
330, Amplifiers, appropriate subclasses, particularly 65 for amplifiers involving structural details or elements, and transistor amplifiers.
381, Electrical Audio Signal Processing Systems and Devices, subclass 23.1 and 312+ for hearing aids in general, and subclass 60 for testing hearing aids.
623, Prosthesis, (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor, subclass 24 for an artificial ear having an electrical hearing aid as a subcombination.
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, 46 for surgically implanted hearing aids which apply electrical energy to the body.

SLEEP OR RELAXATION INDUCING (E.G., DIRECT NERVE STIMULATION, HYPNOSIS, ANALGESIA):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including devices, systems and techniques for influencing or causing a natural state of rest (e.g., sleep), characterized by relative physical and nervous inactivity, unconsciousness, and lessened response to physical stimuli upon a subject body or to put the body at ease or in a state of tranquility.
(1) Note. Included also herein are sensory devices for producing hypnosis or a feeling of well being; e.g., tranquility, in a patient. These devices can be applied directly to the nervous system as by electrical stimulation, or can be designed to stimulate the body's own sensory system of visual, audio, taste, smell and tactile senses to accomplish a conscious relaxing or hypnotic effect in a patient. The sense of well being or reduced awareness produced by the devices and techniques herein can be utilized as an analgesic during a surgical procedure.
(2) Note. Drug induced sleep or relaxation therapy is not included in this subclass or its indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclass 512 for methods of anesthetizing patients.
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application, 2 and 55+ for direct electrical application to the body for treatment of pain.

Sensory (e.g., visual, audio, tactile, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 26. Subject matter wherein the state of tranquility is produced upon the body by devices and techniques applied to or stimulating the body's senses of hearing, sight, smell, taste or touch.
(1) Note. These systems can include blinking or colored lights, rotating spirals, background noise, and percussive touch devices.

Audio (e.g., heartbeat, "white noise", etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Subject matter wherein the sensory stimulation produces effects only on the sense of hearing.
(1) Note. This subclass can include heartbeat sounds to provide security and well being for infants or so called "white noise" used for analgesic purposes as in dental drilling.

BODY INSERTED URINARY OR COLONIC INCONTINENT DEVICE OR TREATMENT (E.G., ARTIFICIAL SPHINCTERS, ETC.):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including devices entirely inserted or surgically implanted within the body for controlling the lack of urinary or bowel restraint.
(1) Note. Methods of placing these devices within the body are included herein. These devices are commonly referred to as "artificial sphincters", which are installed within the body to aid or replace the body's natural sphincter.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, 885, for incontinent restrainers that are external of the body.

Implanted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter wherein the incontinent device is surgically placed within the body to aid or replace a natural ringlike muscle, e.g., sphincter, normally maintains constriction of a body passage or orifice.

With fluid actuated occluding means (e.g., inflatable cuff):
This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Subject matter wherein the implanted device is provided with a means which is inflated by air or a liquid for closing off or occluding a body waste duct.
(1) Note. This generally consists of an inflatable cuff which surrounds or presses against the body duct when inflated to occlude the duct thereby preventing undesirable leakage or drip therefrom. The system for inflating and deflating the cuff also included.

Stoma closures (e.g., colostomy plugs):
This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Subject matter wherein the body inserted device is a closure member usually a sealing plug or expandable member that is sized to fit within a natural or surgically constructed body waste orifice to prevent leakage of body waste therefrom or infection therein.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
128, Surgery, subclass 887, for nonabsorbent body opening occludes for different purposes.
604, Surgery, subclass 337, for means for covering stoma or body openings of colostomy apparatus.

REPRODUCTION AND FERTILIZATION TECHNIQUES:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein means are employed to aid in the impregnating, conceiving and biological propagation of humans and animals.
(1) Note. The subject matter herein is concerned with both increasing the fecundity of human and animals with normal reproductory capability as well as aiding conception and full term pregnancies in those individuals whose reproductive organs are incapable of conceiving or reproducing. This subclass also includes devices and techniques that perform an auxiliary function or intermediate step in the overall process of reproduction and fertilization.

Embryo transplantation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Subject matter wherein a fertilized egg or oocyte from one female's reproductory tract is transferred to a different female's uterus for the purpose of fertilization or embryonation thereof.
(1) Note. This includes apparatus and methods for accomplishing the transfer.

Artificial insemination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Subject matter wherein fertilization is accomplished either (1) in vivo by injecting donor semen by mechanical means into a recipient female's reproductory tract or, (2) in vitro by mixing donor semen and a recipient ova in a small container outside the body and subsequently inserting the fertilized ova into a recipient female's reproductory tract.

BLOOD VESSEL OR GRAFT PREPARATION:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein vascular replacements; e.g., grafts, composed of either natural animal tissue or synthetic materials are made.
(1) Note. This subclass also includes the devices and methods used in preparing the graft or blood vessel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
623, Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor, appropriate subclasses for artificial blood vessels.

INTERNAL ORGAN SUPPORT OR SLING:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter including means to isolate, suspend, hold, position or restrain an internal body organ during operative surgery or to correct a physical defect therein.

SEXUAL APPLIANCE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter which comprises means to substitute for or enhance the act of human copulation.
(1) Note. The term copulation, as used in this subclass and those subordinate hereto, is considered to be inclusive of any permutation of gender among participants.
(2) Note. The terminology copulation enhancement is considered to be inclusive of any device, appliance, or parapher-nalia which provides a sexual aid or a substitute genitalia means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
2, Apparel, for waterproof or inflatable garments.
70, Locks, for handcuffs and similar restraint devices.
119, Animal Husbandry, appropriate subclasses for sexual means for enhancing reproduction in animals.
231, Whips and Whip Apparatus, for whips, lashes, and electric prods.
482, Exercise Devices, subclass 140, 141, and 148 for means to exercise various muscles of the body.
623, Prosthesis (i.e., Artificial Body Members), Parts Thereof, or Aids and Accessories Therefor, for devices which actually replace a body part.

Male splint:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter comprising a brace means which will position the male member of a user so as to resemble the size or usefulness of a natural erection.
(1) Note. This subclass contains various externally applied splints which permit a sexually impotent user to engage in sex.

Implanted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 39. Subject matter comprising brace means surgically placed within the user's male member to enhance the size or usefulness of an impotent member so as to resemble a natural erection.
(1) Note. This subclass contains various internally applied splints which permit a sexually impotent user to engage in sex.
(2) Note. An actuation means, either alone or in combination with an implantable splint, which is specially adapted for influencing the configuration or shape of an
implanted implantable splint is proper for classification in this subclass.

Retention means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 38. Subject matter comprising a pressure applicator means placed in partial or complete encirclement at the base of a user's male member and sized or adjusted in such fashion that venous blood flow from the member is restricted while still permitting arterial blood flow to contribute to turgidity in the member.
(1) Note. This subclass contains devices which enable a user to maintain an erection for a greater period of time or to achieve a turgid state when otherwise unable.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
39 for a retention device in combination with a male member support.

ENDOSCOPE:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a generally tube-like structure having a proximal operating end and a distal inserting end, means to transmit a view or image from the distal end to the proximal end, and a light source to transmit light from the proximal end to the distal end, wherein the distal end is inserted into a natural or surgically constructed body orifice for viewing or treating functional disorders of the body.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
33, Geometrical Instruments, 544 for measuring gauges for measuring a cavity or tube.
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclass 53.5 for fish gags
348, Television, subclass 45 for endoscopes having stereoscopic picture transmission devices used for medical inspection of the animal body and subclass 68 for optical systems which direct and control the intensity of a light source projected on an animal body.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing, 241.1 for similar endoscopic devices used to inspect bores on restricted
openings in mechanical devices.
359, Optics: Systems (including communication) and Elements, various subclasses for similar endoscopic optical systems.
362, Illumination, 257 for light sources and modifiers, and subclass 32 for light fibers, rods or pipes.
385, Optical Waveguides, 115 for optical fiber bundles.
433, Dentistry, subclass 29 for means to facilitate viewing of work and radiation emission devices. Subclasses 30+ for mirrors combined with other devices. Subclass 93 for tongue guards, depressors, and cheek spreaders. Subclass 140 for cheek, jaw, lip, or tongue positioners.
601, Surgery: Kinestherapy, 2 for ultrasonic devices applied to the body for therapeutic effect there on.

With chair, table, holder, or other support:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a surface for supporting the body in a sitting position or an article of furniture having a flat horizontal surface supported by legs or a retainer or other sustaining surface specifically adapted to retain the endoscope in an area in which it is being utilized or to hold the endoscope in a convenient location or orientation.

With monitoring of component or view field:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with means to signal or communicate to an operator specific functions or properties of the endoscope.

With tool carried on endoscope or auxiliary channel therefore:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided integrally with an instrument utilized in a surgical procedure within the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for endoscope having auxiliary channels with diverse functions.

Urogenital resectoscope:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is particularly adapted to permit surgical removal of part of the body urological system in both male and female patients.
(1) Note. Surgical removal includes cutting, electrical heating, and laser means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104 for tools in particular.
108 for laser tools.
135 for urological endoscopes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
606, Surgery, subclass 46 for similar devices.

Having tool moving or stopping means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter wherein active means are provided to move or retard the movement of the tool through the endoscope or a auxiliary channel carried thereon.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
153 for endoscopes having auxiliary channels for various functions and subclass 205 for specula having auxiliary channel structure.

Having tool raising platform:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter wherein the tool moving or stopping means is provided, at its distal end of the tube-like structure, with a member which changes the direction of movement of the tool to orient the
tool at the precise location requiring treatment.

Laser:
This subclass is indented under subclass 104. Subject matter wherein the tool is a device which converts incident electromagnetic radiation of mixed frequencies to one or more discrete frequencies of highly amplified and coherent visible radiation.

With camera or solid state imager:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with photos:graphic or videos:graphic means such that whatever is seen through the viewing means of the endoscope is captured on film or transmitted to a video screen as an image.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
122 for camera handle protective sheath and subclass 181 for light intensity control mechanisms for imaging view.

Having signal wires:
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the placement or mechanical structure of cable means connecting the solid state imaging means at the distal end of the endoscope which coupled with a video signal processing means transmits the image produced by the imaging means to a display monitor.

Sterioscopic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein the camera or solid state imaging device transmits images or allows for the processing of images in three dimensions.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
166 for stereoscopic viewing means.

Means for coupling camera or imager:
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein engaging means are provided to optically and mechanically connect an ocular of an endoscope to a photos:graphic or videos:graphic means.

With additional view means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein an endoscope (a parent scope) is provided with an additional, usually smaller, viewing means for enabling two separate views through an insertion port of the endoscope.

With guide means for body insertion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a device surrounding a portion of the exterior of the tube-like structure of the endoscope to act as an aid in easing the introduction of the endoscope into the body or body cavity.

Inflatable cuff or balloons:
This subclass is indented under subclass 114. Subject matter wherein the guide means is provided with expandable portions alternatingly distended to engage and disengage with the interior of the body or body cavity to facilitate the movement of the endoscope into the body or body cavity.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for inflatable, flexible or expandable retractors.

With inflatable balloon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the insertion tube of the endoscope is provided with an inflatable section which, when inflated, enhances observation through the viewing means of the endoscope or retains the endoscope in a desired location.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
207 for retractors having inflation means.

With means for indicating position, depth or condition of endoscope:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein means are provided on or within an endoscope to quantify or assess the location, deepness usage or state of the endoscope relative to the body portion under investigation.
(1) Note. Patents in this subclass are directed to measuring pressure, distance from object, size of affected objected, depth or angle of insertion, temperature, and degree of color change.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
118 for control or monitoring for disfunction and subclass 202 for retractors having sensing or measuring means.

With control or monitoring of endoscopic functions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein functions of the endoscope are remotely operated or supervised to ensure proper operation thereof.

With shield to protect operator (e.g., splatter protection):
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the proximal portion of the endoscope is provided with a plate-like barrier to protect the hands or face of the operator from body fluids emanating from a patient.

Having endotrachael intubation means on endoscope:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein an endoscope is utilized in introducing a tube into the trachea of a patient.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
194 for laryngoscopes designed to insert endotracheal tubes into a patient.

With protective sheath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a fixed or removable covering to shield the endoscope from damage or from exposure to bodily fluids or contamination.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
203 for retractors having a protective sheath.

For camera or handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the protective sheath encloses an image capturing device or a gripping portion of the endoscope.

For auxiliary channels:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the protective sheath is provided with at least one passage, in addition to the channel enclosing the endoscope, which admits the introduction of other means into the body or body cavity to view or treat the body or body cavity.

With means to assist covering or uncovering of sheath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter
wherein the protective sheath comprises means to assist an operator to envelop the endoscope with the protective sheath or remove the protective sheath therefrom.

With locking or retaining means for sheath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 121. Subject matter wherein the protective sheath is provided with means to engage with the endoscope to prevent accidental removal or movement of the protective sheath therefrom.

With foot pedal control for endoscope operation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein at least one function of the endoscope may be remotely regulated by means operated by the lower extremity of the body which is in direct contact with ground when a person is in a standing or sitting position.

With non-optical distal tip attachment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a means which may be engaged with the inserting end of the endoscope for purpose other than one involving the viewing or illuminating functions of the endoscope.

With particular shaft cross-section:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein a plane perpendicularly intersecting the longitudinal axis of the endoscope has a non-circular perimeter.

With particular distal tip configuration:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the structure of the
end of the endoscope inserted in the body cavity.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
188 for specula having means to transmit a view from the distal end.

With particular arrangement of internal elements (e.g., shaft reducing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the placement of imaging, illuminating, and working members within the tube-like structure of the endoscope is chosen so as to provide a desired reduced outer perimeter or diameter of the tube-like structure.

With particular operating handle design (e.g., for comfort):
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the proximal portion of the endoscope held by a holder or an operator is fashioned in a manner conducive to permit simpler operation in the performance of surgical or other tedious procedures.

Universal cord connector for endoscope functions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a functional plug-like member coupled to the endoscope body by an elongated flexible tube to link various devices provided exteriorly of the endoscope body.
(1) Note. Among the various devices provided on the exterior of the endoscope are controls for light sources as well as air and water supplies.

Sterilizable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein at least one portion of the endoscope may be disinfected without being deleteriously affected by the
cleaning process so as to be free from microorganisms.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
198 for sterilizable specula handles.

Having means to protect user or patient or endoscope from electrical discharge:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein a portion of the endoscope is provided with means to prevent current or charges from electrical components located within the endoscope from harmfully affecting a patient, operator, or the endoscope itself.

Urological:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is utilized for investigation or treatment of the structure, functions, and disorders of a urinary tract including examination and treatment of kidneys, ureters, and bladders of both males and females, and testes, epididymis, prostate gland, seminal vesicles and penis in males.

Having separable shaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with means to permit removal of the tube-like portion of the endoscope from the proximal portion of the endoscope.

Having rotatable shaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the tube-like distal portion of the endoscope may be radially turned with respect to the proximal portion of the endoscope.

Having rigid tube structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the tube-like structure is inflexible.

Having flexible tube structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the tube-like structure is capable of being bent or flexed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
206 for retractors having flexible or malleable structure.

Plural layers:
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter wherein the flexible tube-like structure is composed of more than a single thickness of material throughout its extent.

Articulated segments:
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter wherein the flexible tube-like structure is composed of individual, adjacent, interconnected pieces of material to enable the tube-like structure to be flexed.

Pivotally connected:
This subclass is indented under subclass 141. Subject matter wherein adjacent members of the articulated segments are secured to each other by means about which they rotate or turn.

Having shape memory retaining material component:
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter wherein the outer layer of the flexible tube structure is capable of being conformed into a particular form which it will maintain until changed.

With adjustable rigidity:
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter in which the flexible tube structure contains movable means which permits a degree of flexibility of the tube structure.

With bend detecting means (e.g., endoscope tracking):
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter wherein means are provided to discern changes in an angle or deflection of the distal portion of the endoscope.

With bending control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 139. Subject matter wherein the flexible endoscope has a bendable insertion section which is provided with means to manipulate the distal end of the insertion section to steer the endoscope to its desired destination within the body or body cavity and to ensure a return of the bendable section to its original horizontal position to facilitate removal without damage to a body orifice in which it has been inserted.

With removable control knob:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the manipulating portion of the bending control mechanism may be separated from the proximal operating portion of the endoscope for replacement.

With braking means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the bending control is provided with means which when applied cause a slowing or stopping of the bending control means resulting in a freezing of the angular orientation of the bendable insertion section.

With control wire tension control (e.g., slack absorbing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the bending mechanism is operated by plural, differentially displaced cables which are alternatingly retracted to bend or unbend the endoscope and which are provided with strain regulating means which either reduces strain on the cables to prevent over-stretching the cables or places strain on the cables to eliminate slack caused by excess cable.

With deflection recovery:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the bending portion of the endoscope is provided with means which permits the unbending of that portion engaging the body orifice or body cavity when the bending control mechanism is not operating.

Having temperature sensitive shape memory retaining material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter wherein the tube-like structure of the endoscope comprises a composition alloy which has been heat treated to memorize a predetermined shape which can be bent upon the application of a transformation temperature while in a body orifice or body cavity and upon application of a restoration temperature returns to its original shape.

Fluid or electrical control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 146. Subject matter
wherein the bending control mechanism is connected to a liquid, gaseous pressure or an electrically controlled power source which adjusts the rigidity of selected portions of the tube-like structure of the endoscope to selectively change the angular orientation of the endoscope within the body or body cavity.
(1) Note. Electrical driven serometers are classifiable in this subclass.

Having auxiliary channel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a passage in addition to the viewing means which admits the introduction of other operating means into the endoscope to view or treat the body.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
106 for an auxiliary channel endoscope having a tool and means to move or stop movement of the tool through the auxiliary channel.

Channel seal (e.g., forceps stopcock):
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter wherein the auxiliary channel has means for substantially closing the end of the channel which closing means is provided with a portion which admits the passage of instruments therethrough.

With interior cleaning means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter wherein the auxiliary channel is provided with additional means which when employed removes debris and impurities therefrom.

Fluid channel (e.g., suction, irrigation, aspiration):
This subclass is indented under subclass 153. Subject matter wherein a gas or a liquid is supplied or removed through the auxiliary channel to introduce the gas or liquid into the body organ or body cavity to which the endoscope has been introduced or to apply suction to remove materials therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for specula with fluid channels.
205 for retractors having fluid channels.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
433, Dentistry, subclass 93 for suction devices provided with mouth props and subclass 180 for mouth props, per se.

With window cleaning:
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter wherein the fluid channel is utilized to apply washing fluids to the distal most portion of the viewing means of the endoscope to increase vision therethrough.

With air or water supply:
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter wherein the fluid channel is connected to a storage area holding a fluid or gas for use in introducing a fluid into the body or applying fluid to the distal portion of the endoscope.

Valve construction or valve control means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 156. Subject matter wherein the passage of fluids through the fluid channel is regulated by a finger-operable movable control element disposed on the proximal portion of the endoscope used to open and close the entrance to the fluid channel.

Having imaging and illumination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the structure or placement of the optical components of the endoscope including viewing means and the lighting means therefore.
(1) Note. This subclass includes ultrasonic, infrared, and X-ray fluoresents imaging.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 for light means used in endoscopes, subclass 182 for light transmitting fibers.
199 for light means used with laryngoscopes.
245 for retractors having illuminating means.
248 for reflectors having lighting means.

Strain relief means on optical elements:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the image or light transmitting material of the endoscope is provided with breakage preventing means to retain the optical integrity of the endoscope.

Ocular (e.g., eyepiece):
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the proximal end of the endoscope is provided with a lens, optically aligned with the viewing means to enable the view transmitted from the distal end of the endoscope to be seen at the proximal end of the endoscope.

With focusing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the clarity or distinctness of a view through the endoscope may be adjusted by changing the distance between lenses located within the ocular.

Angled or offset on endoscope shaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the ocular does not lie along the longitudinal axis of the tube-like structure of the endoscope.

Plural:
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with at least two oculars, the viewing paths of which being joined at some point within the proximal portion of the endoscope to share the remaining viewing path of the endoscope to the distal viewing window.

Stereoscopic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a three dimensional optical viewing system.

Focusing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the clarity or distinctness of a view through the endoscope may be adjusted by means other than changing the distance between lenses in the ocular.

Magnifying:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with optics enabling the enlargement of an image.

Fog prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein an endoscope is provided with means to prevent the viewing window from becoming clouded with condensation during use.

Side viewing distal end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the distal end of an endoscope is provided with means to deflect the viewing path at a right angle from the longitudinal axis of the endoscope so that images located around the perimeter of the insertion tube may be seen.

Oblique viewing distal end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the distal end of the endoscope is provided with an imaging path which is at an angle less than 90 deg. to the longitudinal axis of the endoscope.

Interchangeable optical system:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the imaging means of an endoscope is removable for the purpose of replacing or fixing a damaged imaging system or for replacing with a new system to impart new imaging characteristics to the endoscope.

View field altering means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein a plurality of separate images located at different angles from the distal end of the endoscope can be viewed from the same endoscope without moving the exterior of the elongated insertion part.

Articulated optical coupler:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the endoscope is provided with a series of lenses mechanically and optically connected to view an image which may be moved relative to one another at special joints containing optically coupled prisms.

Distal optical attachment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the distal end of the endoscope is provided with an optional accessory to alter the imagining or illuminating characteristics thereof.

Having particular distal lens or window:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the structure or placement of the optical transmitting means at the distal end imaging or illuminating means of the endoscope.

For improved illumination:
This subclass is indented under subclass 176. Subject matter wherein light exiting from an endoscope passes through a light manipulating member for illuminating an object with a desired light distribution.

Light source:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the placement or structure of the lighting means in the endoscope structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
99 for specula having a light sources.
223 for body orifice specula having illuminating means.
246 for retractors having illuminating means.
248 for reflectors having illumination.
249 for lamps and illuminators.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illuminating, subclass 32 for light fibers, rods or probes and subclasses 257+ for light sources and modifiers.

Lamp in shaft:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein the light source of an endoscope is provided in the form of an illuminating bulb located within the distal end of the tube-like structure of the endoscope.

With light intensity control:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein the light source is provided with means to adjust the strength of light exiting the light source as determined by an image received through the optical system of the endoscope.

With filter masking, diaphragm, aperture plate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein means are provided in the path of the observation system to alter the transmittance of light passing through the optical system.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, subclass 32 for light fibers, rods or pipes.

Fibers and fiber arrangement:
This subclass is indented under subclass 160. Subject matter wherein the image transmitting means or the illumination
transmitting means in the endoscope comprises a plurality of glass or plastic optical fibers organized for effective image or illumination transmission through the elongated tube-like structure of the endoscope.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination subclass 32 for light transmitting fibers, rods or pipes.

Tissue division viewing (e.g., carpal tunnel, plantar fasciotomy):
This subclass is indented under subclass 101. Subject matter wherein an endoscope is utilized to view the removal of a piece of ligamentous tissue.

Specula:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising a device to facilitate the exploration of the interior of the body by holding open the natural or other surgically created orifices of the body.

Laryngoscope:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter wherein the specula comprises a blade and a handle grasping portion, the blade having a proximal end attached to the handle and a distal end adapted for insertion into the mouth to allow imaging of a portion of the mouth, pharynx, and larynx.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
190 for blade structure and subclasses 237+ for retractors adapted for oral use.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclass 514 for methods of introducing a therapeutic material into or removing it from a body orifice.

With protective sheath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the laryngoscope is provided with a cover to shield the laryngoscope from damage or from exposure to bodily fluids and contamination during use and handling to negate the need for sterilization.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for endoscopes having protective sheaths covering various elements of endoscopes.

With auxiliary channel for fluid traversing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein a passage is provided in the laryngoscope which admits the introduction of gas, liquid, or treating means into the throat or for the application of suction means to remove materials therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
156 and 205, for devices having an auxiliary channel for fluid transmission.

With means to transmit view from distal end:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the blade of the laryngoscope is provided with an image relaying means to provide an operator with an image of the mouth, larynx, or pharynx which does not lie in a direct line of sight.

By mirror or prism:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Subject matter wherein the means to transmit a view from the distal end of the blade of the laryngoscope comprises an image reflecting or deflecting means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
433, Dentistry, 30 for dental mirrors provided with other devices of the class.

Having particular blade structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the structure of the portion of the laryngoscope inserted into the mouth.

Made from light transmitting material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the blade is transparent or translucent to facilitate viewing all parts of the mouth through the blade or to evenly distribute illumination received at the proximal end of the blade.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 and 182, for similar light transmission devices.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, 257 for light sources and light modifiers and subclass 32 for light fibers, rods or pipes.

With rough grained surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein an outer surface of the blade of the laryngoscope is not smooth so as to facilitate retention of the laryngoscope within the mouth.

Detachable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the proximal end of the blade may be removed from or folded along the handle of the laryngoscope for replacement or for sterilization.

Specific design for intubation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the shape of the blade facilitates the entry of an endotracheal tube into a patient:

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
114 for endoscopes designed to have guide means for body insertion.

With cushion or pad (e.g., teeth guard):
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the blade is provided with a soft, compressible material to prevent injuring a patient during insertion or use of the blade of the laryngoscope in the patient's mouth.

Adjustable (e.g., linearly, angularly):
This subclass is indented under subclass 190. Subject matter wherein the blade of the laryngoscope may be positioned at an angle with respect to the handle, or may be elongated or shortened to accommodate differently sized oral cavities.

Having particular handle structure:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to the grasping portion attached to the proximal end of the blade.

Sterilizable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 197. Subject matter wherein the handle of the laryngoscope may be disinfected to remove all contaminants without deleteriously affecting the interior components.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
133 for portions of an endoscope which are sterilizable.

Illuminating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 185. Subject matter wherein the laryngoscope comprises a light source or means to transmit light along or past the blade of the laryngoscope to allow adequate imaging of portions of the mouth, pharynx, and larynx.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
178 182, 223, 245+, 248, and 249, for instrument illuminating means.

Otoscope (e.g., funnel shaped specula):
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein the specula comprises an illuminated funnel shaped portion adapted to be inserted in an ear and designed for inspection of the external portions thereof.

Retractor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter having one or more surfaces for holding tissues or organs out of the field of view of the observer during the diagnosis and/or treatment of interior bodily orifices that are either surgically formed in, or occur naturally within, the body.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclass 514 for methods of introducing a therapeutic material into or removing it from a body orifice.

With sensor or measuring means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter comprising means to detect or calculate various changes in parameters affecting either the patients physiologic condition, or the function of the device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
117 for endoscopes having depth or condition detection.
118 for control or monitoring of disfunctions.

With protective sheath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter comprising sleeve means to cover the tissue retracting surface or surfaces of the retractor.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
121 for endoscopes having a protective sheath.

Laproscopic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter comprising a generally elongated tube-like member having a distal end capable of being inserted within a miniscule bodily orifice and a proximal end extending out of the bodily orifice, wherein the distal end includes tissue-retracting means which may expand larger than the tube-like member, and the proximal end includes means to manipulate the tissue-retracting means.

With auxiliary channel (e.g., fluid transversing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the retractor is provided with a passage which admits the introduction of fluid or gas for the application of suction means to remove material therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
187 for laryngoscopes having a fluid admitting auxiliary channel.

Having flexible, malleable, or shape memory material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein a substantial portion of the retractor is capable of being bent or shaped into a particular form.

Inflatable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the flexible or malleable portion of the retractor has fluid pressure means to shape it into the desired configuration or form.

Circular or elliptically shaped retracting surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the flexible or malleable member is in the form of a generally circular closed member.

Unitary wire construction:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the flexible or malleable retractor is composed substantially from a single pliable strand of metallic material twisted into a desired shape.

With special blade or retracting surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to that portion of the retractor which holds body tissue or organs out of the field of view of an observer.

Skeleton blade:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the retracting surface has a particular, substantially closed peripheral portion which defines a void in which rib-like structures transverse said void from one portion of the peripheral to another portion of said periphery.
(1) Note. The patents in this subclass are retractors which are termed "skeleton'' in the art.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
604, Surgery, subclass 514 for methods of introducing a therapeutic material into or removing it from a body orifice.

Containing light transmitting material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the blade or retracting surface of the retractor is transparent or translucent to facilitate viewing all parts of the tissue or organs through the blade or retracting surface or to evenly distribute illumination received at a proximal end of the blade or retracting surface.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
191 for laryngoscopes having a light transmitting component, and subclass 245 for retractors having illuminating means.

Detachable from handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the retractor comprises a manual grasping portion attached to a proximal end of the blade or retracting surface which may be removed for replacement or for other purposes.

Plural blades on single handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the retractor has a manual gripping portion attached to a proximal end of more than one blade or separate retracting surfaces.

Adjustable (e.g., extendable):
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the blade or retracting surface of the retractor may be moved at an angle or rotated with respect to a handle portion, or may be elongated or shortened to accommodate differently sized pieces of tissue or organs to be moved.

Multiple pivotable joints on retracting surface:
This subclass is indented under subclass 215. Subject matter wherein the means to hold tissue or organs out of the field of view of the observer comprises a plurality of portions rotatable or swingable about a fixed portion to provide adjustability.

With retracting hook, claw, teeth, or barb:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the blade or retracting surface of the retractor is provided with a curved element, a sharp pointed projection or a projection similar to toothed elements which engage or grasp the organ or tissue to be moved.

With compressing jaws:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the retractor comprises a pair of pivotal connected elements adapted to cooperatively secure the tissue or organ between the elements to move the tissue or organ while held there between.

With cooperating retracting members:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the retractor comprises at least two pivotally connected elements which are adapted to separate from each
other to hold open a natural body orifice or a surgical incision or to push aside tissue in opposing directions.

Duck-Billed specula (e.g., vagina):
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter wherein the cooperating retracting members comprises a pair of blade-like jaws opening at a proximal portion and having a distal portion shaped to conform to the interior passage leading from external genital orifice of a female mammal to a uterus.

With auxiliary instrument:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the vaginal-type specula is provided with a tool for utilizing in a surgical or diagnostic procedure within the vagina.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
104 for endoscopes provided with tools for various functions.

With means to change parallel distance between blades:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the vaginal-type specula comprises means to separate and enlarge the distance between the proximal portion of the jaws.

With illuminating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the vaginal-type specula comprises means to provide light to the interior of the vagina.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
160 178+, 182, 199, 245+, 248, and 249, for instruments having illuminating means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
362, Illumination, subclass 32 and 257+, for light sources, modifier, fibers, fibers, rods, and pipes.

Three or more members (e.g., trivalve specula):
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter wherein the retractor comprises more than two connected elements adapted to separate from each other to hold open a natural body orifice or a surgically created opening to push aside tissue in opposing directions.

Pivots along longitudinal axis:
This subclass is indented under subclass 219. Subject matter wherein the cooperating retracting members rotate along a line parallel to the long axis of the length of the retracting member.

With special handle:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to a manual grasping portion attached to a proximal portion of the tissue holding surface.

With holder:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the tissue holding surface of the retractor is provided with a device specifically adapted to retain the tissue holding surface in an area in which it is being utilized to free the hands of the observer for performing other surgical or diagnostic functions while the tissue or organs to be moved are maintained in a retracted state.

Having supporting arm:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein the holder comprises an elongate, substantially vertically extending support for retaining the tissue holding surface, or a holder for the tissue holding surface in the desired location.

Flexible or articulable:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Subject matter wherein the supporting arm is pliable or capable of being bent or flexed.

Special table clamp:
This subclass is indented under subclass 228. Subject matter wherein significance is attributed to means for retaining the supporting arm on a patient supporting surface.

231. Supporting frame:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein the holder comprises a structure at least partially surrounding the area of a patient's anatomy under retraction such that the structure retains the tissue holding surface in the area of retraction.

Three sided rectangular frame:
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein the supporting frame surrounds the area of the patient to be retracted on three sides.

Closed frame (e.g., circle, square):
This subclass is indented under subclass 231. Subject matter wherein the supporting structure completely surrounds the area of the patient to be retracted.

Handle-holder cooperating means:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein a proximal most portion of the tissue holding surface is provided with a grasping means or an interlocking connection means to restrain or retain the tissue holder surface in a desired position on the holder.

Specific use retractor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the structure or design of the retractor enables it to be employed for a particular function or purpose.

Eyeball:
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Subject matter wherein the retractor is specifically designed for retracting portions surrounding a ball-shaped portion of an eye enclosed within a socket and eyelids.

Mouth:
This subclass is indented under subclass 235. Subject matter wherein the retractor is specifically designed for use in retracting portions surrounding and inside the bodies oral cavity.

Brace or prop:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter having means which when placed between a patient's teeth retain the patient's jaws in an open position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
433, Dentistry, subclass 93 for mouth props provided with suction and subclass 140 for dental mouth props, per se.

Jaw spreader with tongue depressor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the retractor for the mouth comprises a device to hold open the mouth and a blade-like member to press the organ of taste towards the bottom of the mouth.

Tongue depressor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the retractor is designed to press the organ of taste towards the bottom of the mouth.

Illuminated:
This subclass is indented under subclass 240. Subject matter wherein the tongue depressor has means to provide light around and beyond a distal portion of the tongue depressor.

Lip or cheek:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter wherein the retractor is designed to hold the tissue and skin surrounding the exterior of the patients oral cavity in a desired position.

Veterinary jaw spreader:
This subclass is indented under subclass 237. Subject matter designed for opening or holding open the mouth of animals.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
433, Dentistry subclass 140 for dental mouth props, per se.

Pivoted:
This subclass is indented under subclass 243. Subject matter wherein the veterinary jaw spreader is hinged about a fixed point.