LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
Class 205 is an integral part of Class 204. It incorporates all the definitions and rules as to subject matter of Class 204.
Class 205 is an integral part of Class 204 (placed at the top of the schedule) and follows the schedule hierarchy, retaining all pertinent definitions and class lines of Class 204.

ELECTROLYSIS INVOLVING ACTINIDE SERIES ELEMENT OR COMPOUND
(AT. NO. 89+) (PRODUCT, PROCESS, COMPOSITION, AND METHOD OF PREPARING COMPOSITION):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein the processes involve the electrolysis of, or upon, an actinide element or compound thereof.
(1) Note. The product of the electrolytic process may be an element or compound other than an actinide series element or compound.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, 393 for the chemical production of free actinide series metal.
148, Metal Treatment, subclass 132 for processes involving heat treatment of the actinide series metal.
420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, 2 for the chemical production of actinide base alloys.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, 3 and 249+ for nonelectrolytic processes of forming actinide series elements or compounds.
534, Organic Compounds -- Part of the Class 532-570 Series, 11 for nonelectrolytic processes of forming organic compounds of actinide series elements.

Plutonium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein the actinide series element is plutonium or a compound thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, 396 for the production of free plutonium metal.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclass 251 for nonelectrolytic processes of forming plutonium compound.

Thorium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein the actinide series element is thorium or a compound thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, 394 for the production of free thorium metal.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, subclass 252 for nonelectrolytic processes of forming thorium compound.

Uranium:
This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Subject matter wherein the actinide series element is uranium or a compound thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
75, Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures, 398 for the production of free uranium metal.
420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, subclass 3 for the chemical production of uranium base alloys.
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, 253 for nonelectrolytic processes of forming uranium compound.

Utilizing fused bath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic process is carried out in an electrolytic medium consisting of a substance or combination or mixture of substances which are heated above ordinary, normal room temperature during a process in order to bring the substance or substances to a fluid or liquid condition (e.g., a molten bath, etc.).

Involving electrolytic coating, etching, or polishing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein the process includes an electrolytic coating or etching or polishing step.

Uranium containing compound produced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Subject matter wherein a uranium containing compound is produced.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, 253 for nonelectrolytic processes of preparing uranium compound.

Product produced by electrolysis involving electrolytic marking, battery electrode active material forming, electroforming or electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein a product is made by the process of electrolytic marking, utilizing electrolysis to form battery electrode active material, electroforming or electrolytic coating with the following exception: products which form two or more contiguous metallic layers (see Class 428).

Superconductor preparation involving electrolytic marking, electroforming or electrolytic coating, or composition therefor:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein an article described as a superconductor is prepared utilizing electrolytic marking, electroforming, or electrolytic coating.

Electrolytic marking or composition therefor:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for the development of successive marks, letters, designs and the like, upon a surface or within the body of a carrier, wherein electrical impulses from an
electrode are employed to create by electrolysis, at selected areas, different colors, shades, or shapes resulting in the desired symbol (e.g., electroprinting, etc.).
(1) Note. This subclass also includes compositions, not elsewhere provided for, particularly adapted to carry out the processes herein included.
(2) Note. It is the general rule of classification to classify a process of preparing a composition along with the composition. In these circumstances where only a process of preparing a composition is claimed and there is no claim to a composition, the claims would be classified identically as if there were a composition claimed.
(3) Note. The symbols must consist of a series successively formed, otherwise the process will be found in this class, subclass 118 and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
178, Telegraphy, subclass 62 for chemical or electrical methods of recording messages transmitted by current impulses other than by electrolysis and apparatus for carrying out such processes including those involving electrolysis.
346, Recorders, appropriate subclasses for apparatus involving similar processes and peculiarly adapted to record the movements of instruments, machines, and the like.
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing, 296 for processes and apparatus specialized for formation of optical facsimiles wherein the image is developed by electrolysis or other electrical modes or by chemical changes.
386, Television Signal Processing for Dynamic Recording or Reproducing, subclass 127 for television recording having thermoplastic record.

Utilizing inorganic color forming material other than carbon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter wherein an inorganic color-forming material other than carbon is utilized.
(1) Note. Where the mark is produced by reaction or complex formation between an organic compound and an inorganic material electrolytically released (e.g., iodine, etc.) the subject matter is placed here.

Utilizing organic color-forming material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 52. Subject matter wherein an organic color-forming material is utilized.

Heterocyclic color-forming material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter wherein the organic color-forming material contains a heterocyclic ring.

Hydroxyl or carboxyl group-containing color- forming material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 54. Subject matter wherein the organic color-forming material contains a hydroxyl (OH) or carboxyl (COOH) group.

Utilizing electrolysis to form battery electrode active material or composition therefor:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter wherein battery electrode active material is formed or deposited utilizing electrolysis and compositions used for such electrolysis.

Organic active material other than organic metal salt:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material is organic and not an organic metal salt.

Group IA metal-containing active material (e.g., Li, Na, K, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains a metal from group IA of the Periodic Table of Elements (e.g., Li, Na, K, etc.) as an essential constituent.

Nickel-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains nickel as an essential constituent.

Cadmium-containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 60. Subject matter wherein the active material also contains cadmium as an essential ingredient.

Cadmium-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains cadmium as an essential constituent.

Lead-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains lead as an essential constituent.

Zinc-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains zinc as an essential constituent.

Silver-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains silver as an essential constituent.

Iron- or tin-containing active material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 57. Subject matter wherein the active material contains iron or tin as an essential constituent.

Electroforming or composition therefor:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter involving the reproduction or formation of objects by electrodeposition in which the deposit does not remain with the base upon which deposition is made and compositions therefor.
(1) Note. Subsequent process steps of separation from the base, backing up the deposit and conventional steps such as washing, drying and the like are included here when in combination with the electrodeposition step or steps.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, 471 for electrophoretic or electro-osmotic coating or forming of an object and subclasses 192.1+ for processes of forming objects by sputtering.

Recording device:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein recordings or records and record matrices or molds are produced (e.g., sound recordings, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, appropriate subclasses for processes, within the class definition, for shaping or moulding plastic materials.
In particular, see 106 pertaining to forming sound grooves in records.

Printing plate or electrotype:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein printing plates or electrotypes are produced.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
68 for processes of reproducing to form dies and molds useful in the preparation of records.
72 for processes sometimes referred to as electrotyping, which result in the production of decorative plaques or lettered plates not used in printing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
101, Printing, subclass 401.1 and indented subclasses for processes in general for making printing members.

Mold, mask, or masterform:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein molds, masks, or masterforms are produced.

Mirror or reflector:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein mirrors or reflectors are produced.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
116 for processes for the preparation of mirror and reflectors wherein the metal coat remains on the deposition base.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, 838 for processes of making mirrors and reflectors not provided for in a particular process class.

Ornamental article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein ornamental articles are produced.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
69 and 70, for the preparation of printing plates, molds, or masterforms to be used in the formation of decorative designs on other objects.
120 for the preparation of designs on a base wherein the electrolytic coat remains on the base when finished.

Roll, ring, or hollow body:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein rolls, rings, or hollow bodies are produced.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
76 for processes wherein rings or rolls are formed, stripped and cut to make sheets or strips.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, for diverse manufacturing and metal working processes in general for producing hollow articles, see especially 1.2, 435, 454, 455.1, 463, 888+, 889.72+, 890.03+, 890.06, 890.08, 890.12+, 890.14+, 895+, and 899.1.
492, Roll or Roller, for a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for, and see the notes thereunder.

Powder, flakes, or colloidal particles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein the objects formed are powder, flakes, or colloidal particles.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, appropriate subclasses for subject matter relating to: colloid systems (such as sols*, emulsions,
dispersions, foams, aerosols, smokes, gels, or pastes) or wetting agents (such as leveling, penetrating, or spreading); subcombination compositions of colloid systems containing at least an agent specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in making or stabilizing colloid systems; compositions and subcombination compositions specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; processes of making the compositions or systems of the class; processes of breaking (resolving) or inhibiting colloid systems; in each instance, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

Perforated or foraminous article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein the objects formed are perforated or foraminous.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 for the formation of permanent coats on predominantly single metal or alloy perforated or foraminous substrates.
161 for the formation of permanent coats on predominantly nonmetal perforated or foraminous substrates.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 596 for metallic stock material having an aperture or cut.

Sheet, web, wire, or filament:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein the object produced is a sheet, web, wire, or filament.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
74 for the production of films by electroforming with subsequent reduction to flakes, etc., subclass 75 for production of perforated or foraminous sheets or webs, and subclasses 138 and 152+ for formation of permanent coats on sheets, webs, wires, or filaments.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,
subclass 150 and 151 for laminating processes combined with a Class 204 coating step.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 544 for stock material which is all metal or has adjacent metal components, especially subclasses 606+ for foils and filaments smaller than 6 mils.

Of indeterminate length:
This subclass is indented under subclass 76. Subject matter wherein the sheets, webs, wires, or filaments formed are of indeterminate length.
(1) Note. Generally this subclass, as distinguished from the preceding one, includes processes in which the article is produced continuously; however, it is not restricted to such but includes all processes resulting in the formation of such articles of no defined length.

Electrical product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein the product produced is described as having utility as an electrical element.

Optical element:
This subclass is indented under subclass 67. Subject matter wherein the product produced is described as having utility as an optical element.

Electrolytic coating (process, composition and method of preparing composition):
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Process directed to the formation or deposition by an electrolytic action of a permanent coating material or materials upon a base, electrolyte compositions therefor and methods of making said electrolyte compositions.
(1) Note. It is intended by the phrase "permanent coating" to include those coatings which remain part of the finished article as distinguished from those coatings which are stripped from a base as provided for in subclass 67, and indented subclasses.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, 471 for electrophoretic or electro-osmotic coating or forming of an object and subclasses 192.12+ for glow discharge sputter deposition (e.g., cathode sputtering, etc.).

Involving measuring, analyzing, or testing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the process includes a step of measuring, analyzing, or testing.

Controlling coating process in response to measured or detected parameter:
This subclass is indented under subclass 81. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating process is controlled in response to a measured or detected parameter thereof or of a characteristic of the electrolytic coating formed.

Parameter is current, current density, or voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter wherein the parameter measured or detected is the current, current density, or voltage of the electrolytic coating process.

Parameter is thickness, weight, or composition of coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 82. Subject matter wherein the characteristic measured, analyzed, or tested is the thickness, weight, or composition of the electrolytic coating.

Displacement or replacement coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a coating is formed on a substrate by the phenomenon usually known as displacement or replacement plating wherein a more active metal part of the surface of an object is dissolved and replaced by a less active metal coating derived from a bath composition.

Employing internal battery action during coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electric current is self-generated and without the use of an external power source.

Simultaneous deplating and plating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a coating is electrolytically deposited or formed on an article while simultaneously electrolytically removing a coating therefrom.
(1) Note. This subclass does not include periodic reversal electroplating wherein plating and deplating occur sequentially.

Utilizing subatmospheric or superatmospheric pressure during coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating process is performed under a subatmospheric or superatmospheric pressure which means a pressure other than the normal atmospheric pressure in the surrounding atmosphere.

Utilizing magnet or magnetic field during coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a magnet or magnetic field is used during the electrolytic coating process.

Ferromagnetic material deposited:
This subclass is indented under subclass 89. Subject matter wherein a ferromagnetic material is electrolytically deposited under the influence of a magnetic field.

Utilizing electromagnetic wave energy during coating (e.g., visible light, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic action is supplemented by the application of electromagnetic wave energy.

Energy produced by laser:
This subclass is indented under subclass 91. Subject matter wherein the electromagnetic wave energy is provided by a laser.

Contacting coating as it forms with solid member or material other than electrode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the coating is simultaneously contacted by solid material or a solid member other than an electrode as it is formed (e.g., simultaneous electroplating and honing, simultaneous electroplating and burnishing, etc.).

Utilizing mist prevention:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein misting of the electrolyte is prevented by, for example, the use of chemical additives or by physical means
(e.g., foaming means, particles floating on the bath, etc.).

Coating has specified thickness variation:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating is carried out in such a manner that the coating is deliberately nonuniform in thickness.

Controlling current distribution within bath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic process is carried out with means present or with control thereof such that a desired current distribution is maintained on the article being coated.

Shaped counterelectrode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 96. Subject matter wherein a shaped counterelectrode is used to control the current distribution on the article being coated (e.g., a counterelectrode matching the profile of the article being coated, etc.).

Treating process fluid by means other than agitation or heating or cooling:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein fluids used in the process (e.g., electrolytes, rinse water, effluents, etc.) are physically, electrically, or chemically treated (e.g., recovery of chemicals, purification, effluent discharge, etc.).

Purifying electrolyte:
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Subject matter wherein the electrolyte is purified by removing or
inactivating contaminants or interferents therefrom (e.g., dummying, ion exchange, precipitation, filtering, activated carbon treatment, complexation, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, for processes of chemical or physical purification of liquids in general.

Treating rinse solution (e.g., rinse water, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Subject matter wherein the process fluid treated is a rinse solution (e.g., recovery and reuse of rinse water, recovery of plating chemicals from rinse water, etc.).

Regenerating or maintaining electrolyte (e.g., self-regulating bath, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 98. Subject matter wherein the electrolyte ingredients are regenerated or maintained to optimum condition (e.g., self-regulating bath, recirculation of electrolyte through metal pieces to supply metal ions for plating, etc.).

Depositing predominantly single metal or alloy coating on single metal or alloy using specified waveform other than pure DC:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a predominantly single metal or alloy coating is deposited on single metal or alloy utilizing an electric current which is not pure DC (e.g., stepped voltage, etc.).

Reversing current or voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 102. Subject matter wherein the specified waveform is a reversing current or voltage which has a positive and negative component (e.g., periodic reversed current, superimposed AC on DC, etc.).

Nonreversing pulsed current or voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 103. Subject matter wherein the specified waveform repetitively changes from one current or voltage level to another (e.g., pulses of current separated by periods of no current flow, etc.).

Depositing predominantly single metal or alloy coating on nonmetal using specified waveform other than pure DC or 60 Hz sine wave AC (e.g., single metal or alloy coating within or above pores of anodic oxide layer, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the current or voltage used is other than pure DC or 60 Hz sine wave AC (e.g., periodic reversed current, pulsed current, superimposed AC on DC, etc.) and wherein a predominantly single metal or alloy is deposited on nonmetal (e.g., copper on anodic oxide, etc.).
(1) Note. A metal is defined as an electropositive chemical element characterized by ductility, malleability, luster, conductivity of heat and electricity, which can replace the hydrogen of an acid and forms bases with the hydroxyl radical.

Forming nonmetal coating using specified waveform other than pure DC or 60 Hz sine wave AC (e.g., anodic oxide coating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electric current is not pure DC or 60 Hz sine wave AC (e.g., stepped voltage, etc.) and where the coating formed is predominantly a nonmetal (e.g., anodic oxide, chromate, Si, phosphate, Se, etc.).
(1) Note. The terminology "nonmetal" is treated as excluding alloys and elemental metal.

Reversing current or voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter
wherein the specified waveform is a reversing current or voltage which has a positive and negative component (e.g., periodic reversed current, superimposed AC on DC, etc.).

Nonreversing pulsed current or voltage:
This subclass is indented under subclass 106. Subject matter wherein the specified waveform repetitively changes from one current or voltage level to another (e.g., pulses of current separated by periods of no current flow, etc.) and wherein the pulses contain no reversed pulses.

Coating contains embedded solid material (e.g., particles, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein solid material becomes embedded in the coating as a distinct phase and the solid material is supplied by solid material in the electrolyte or solid material sprinkled or placed upon a substrate and embedded in the coating as it forms.

Abrasive article produced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 109. Subject matter wherein the article produced has abrasive utility (e.g., substrate coated with a nickel layer containing embedded silicon carbide particles or diamond particles, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition, for other methods of preparing an abrasive tool.

Coating is dendritic or nodular:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the coating process is performed to achieve a dendritic or nodular coating (e.g., nodular copper, etc.).

Coating is discontinuous single metal or alloy layer (e.g., islands, porous layer, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the coating process is performed to achieve a metal layer which has a plurality of discontinuities therein (e.g., microporous layer, islands, etc.).

Coating is microcracked:
This subclass is indented under subclass 112. Subject matter wherein the discontinuous coating is described as microcracked (e.g., microcracked chromium, etc.).

Uniting two separate solid materials:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating is used to unite distinct articles or parts of an article one to another.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 592 for miscellaneous process of manufacture, assembly and disassembly; subclasses 424, 458+, 460, and 527.1+ for processes of coating combined with assembly and/or metal working steps.
228, Metal Fusion Bonding, appropriate subclasses for the process of uniting surfaces by a metallurgical bond.

Repairing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating is used to restore a previously worn or degraded coating (e.g., worn bearing surfaces, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 402.01 and 402.18 and the notes thereto for other processes of repair.

Mirror or reflector produced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein mirrors and reflectors are produced by electrolytic coating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, 838 for processes of making mirrors not provided for in a particular process class.
427, Coating Processes, 162 for processes of making optical elements by coating means other than electrodeposition or Class 204 coating process.

Utilizing brush or absorbent applicator:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a brush or absorbent applicator is utilized to apply electrolyte to the substrate and in which the brush or absorbent application comprises a counterelectrode.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
93 for subject matter wherein a coating is contacted as it forms with a solid member or material other than an electrode.

Coating selected area:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a coating is formed on at least one restricted or selected area of the substrate, the restricted or selected area or areas including less than the total surface area of the substrate.
(1) Note. Coating the entire substrate followed by removing selected areas of the coating are not herein included.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
52 for electrolytic marking.
221 for subject matter wherein a selected area of an
electrolytic or nonelectrolytic coating is treated after it is formed.

Depositing ferromagnetic coating or coating ferromagnetic substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein the coating that is deposited is ferromagnetic or the substrate onto which the coating is deposited is ferromagnetic.

Design or ornamental article produced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter directed to the preparation of designs and ornamental articles wherein decorative effects are produced by restricting the coatings to selected areas.

Predominantly nonmetal electrolytic coating (e.g., anodic oxide, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 120. Subject matter wherein the coating is predominantly comprised of nonmetal material such as, for example, an oxide formed by anodizing.

Specified product produced:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter for the production of a product which is specified and which has a disclosed or claimed function wherein the coating of a selected area of a substrate either transforms the substrate into the specified product or simply serves to deposit material on a substrate which before coating was already identifiable as the specified product.

Product is semiconductor or includes semiconductor:
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter wherein the specified product is a semiconductor or includes a semiconductor as part of the product.
(1) Note. "Semiconductor" is a generic term for (a) a substance or material whose electronic conductivity at ordinary temperature is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator and whose conductivity is capable of being modified by the addition of a dopant, (b) an electronic device the main functioning parts are made from semiconductor materials.
(2) Note. This subclass and subclasses indented hereunder include processes of electrolytic coating, per se, on or with a semiconductor material and combinations of electrolytic coating with an additional step or steps which are preparatory treatments that adapt the material for electrolytic coating or which perfect the electrolytic coating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Processes, for (a) combined processes and (b) certain unit operations of manufacturing a semiconductive substrate or device.

Predominantly nonmetal electrolytic coating (e.g., anodic oxide, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 123. Subject matter wherein the coating is predominantly comprised of nonmetal material such as, for example, an oxide formed by anodizing.

Product is circuit board or printed circuit:
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter wherein the specified product is a circuit board or printed circuit.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 829 for processes of conductor or circuit manufacturing on a flat or curved insulated substrate (e.g., printed circuit, etc.).
174, Electricity: Conductors and Insulators, 250 for structures in which a conductor is formed on or attached to a panel or sheet-like insulating body so as to make a preformed panel circuit arrangement (e.g., printed circuit, etc.)
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a single or plural layer stock material product which involves no more structure than a base having a conductive layer coated thereon or impregnated therein, see especially 411.1 for a nonstructural composite product characterized solely by the composition of the layers, subclass 601 for metallic stock having a discontinuous surface component, e.g., printed circuit, and subclass 901 (a cross-reference art collection) for a printed circuit device.

Electroless coating from bath containing metal ions and reducing agent prior to electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 125. Subject matter wherein prior to electrolytic coating a coating is deposited by electroless (i.e., autocatalytic) coating from a bath containing metal ions and a reducing agent.

Product is printing member:
This subclass is indented under subclass 122. Subject matter for the preparation of the printing surface of a sheet, plate, roll, or other member employed in printing by electrolytically forming a coating on a selected area of the surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
101, Printing, subclass 401.1 and indented subclasses.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, subclasses 300-310 for processes of making a printing plate utilizing radiation imagery chemistry.

Simultaneous or sequential coating of a plurality of separate articles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein a selected area of each of a plurality of separate articles which may be the same as or different from each other are simultaneously or sequentially coated.
(1) Note. The separate articles may be joined together to
expedite the coating process.

Selectively coating moving substrate of indeterminate length (e.g., strip, wire, fiber, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein the substrate moves past the location(s) where coating occurs and is characterized by having a length which is indeterminate.

Completely coating one side of strip:
This subclass is indented under subclass 129. Subject matter wherein one side of a strip is completely coated.

Internal coating (e.g., coating inside of cylinder, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein the substrate has both internal and external surfaces and a coating is applied to an internal surface.

Moving counterelectrode:
This subclass is indented under subclass 131. Subject matter wherein a moving counterelectrode is utilized.

Directing electrolyte to selected area (e.g., jet plating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein the electrolyte is directed to the selected area to be plated.
(1) Note. Processes wherein the electrolyte is merely confined over a selected area of the substrate are not included herein.

Partially submerging substrate in bath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein during coating the substrate is only partially submerged in the electrolyte bath.

Utilizing specified mask material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein a mask made of specified material is utilized in coating a selected area of the substrate.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclass 904 for etching resist compositions.

Utilizing means other than mask:
This subclass is indented under subclass 118. Subject matter wherein a selected area of the substrate is coated without the use of a mask.

Coating moving substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the substrate is moved during coating.
(1) Note. Mere insertion of the substrate into or withdrawal from the electrolyte bath is not considered to be movement for the purposes of this subclass.

Indeterminate length (e.g., strip, wire, fiber, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter wherein the substrate moves past the location(s) where coating occurs and is characterized by having a length which
is indeterminate
(1) Note. Unless otherwise specified, a substrate in the form of a strip, wire or fiber of indeterminate length is considered to be a moving substrate.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material in the form of a composite or plural component web or sheet and not elsewhere provided for. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in Class 428, for further discussion of this topic.

Predominantly aluminum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter wherein elemental aluminum is the major or predominant constituent of the substrate.

Tin-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter wherein the coating contains tin in either free or combined form.

Zinc-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter wherein the coating contains zinc in either free or combined form.

Chromium-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 138. Subject matter wherein the coating contains chromium in either free or combined form.

Rotary (e.g., barrel plating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter wherein the article or articles being coated undergo rotary motion or wherein the container or holder supporting the article or articles undergoes rotary motion during coating.

Utilizing fluidized bed (e.g., coating particles, flakes, granules, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter wherein a fluidized bed is utilized for coating substrate which, for example, may be in the form of particles, flakes, or granules.

Simultaneous or sequential coating of a plurality of separate articles:
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter wherein a plurality of separate articles which may be the same as or different from each other are simultaneously or sequentially coated.
(1) Note. The separate articles may be joined together to expedite the coating process.

Reciprocating substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 137. Subject matter wherein the substrate is moved back and forth during coating.

Applying current to substrate without mechanical contact (e.g., liquid contact, bipolar electrode, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein electric current is applied to the substrate without mechanically contacting the substrate with a solid current-carrying member.

Agitating or moving electrolyte during coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the electrolyte is agitated or moved during coating.

Coating predominantly single metal or alloy substrate of specified shape:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the substrate is predominantly comprised of a single metal or alloy and in which the shape or configuration of the substrate is specified.

Perforated, foraminous, or permeable substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter wherein the substrate is perforated, foraminous, or permeable.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 131 and 596+ for a stock material product in which a component includes apertures. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in Class 428, for further discussion of this topic.
442, Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, etc.), 1 for a knitted or open mesh fabric.

Cylinder, roll, or hollow article:
This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter wherein the substrate is in the form of a cylinder, roll, or hollow article.

Sheet, plate, or foil:
This subclass is indented under subclass 149. Subject matter wherein the substrate is in the form of a sheet, plate, or foil.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
150 and 161, for sheets of perforated, foraminous or permeable structure.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture, subclass 150 and 151 for laminating processes combined with a Class 204 or Class 205 coating step.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a composite or plural component web or sheet and not elsewhere provided for. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in Class 428, for further discussion of this topic.

Predominantly aluminum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter wherein elemental aluminum is the major or predominant constituent of the substrate.

Tin-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter wherein the coating contains tin in either free or combined form.

Zinc-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter wherein the coating contains zinc in either free or combined form.

Chromium-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 152. Subject matter wherein the coating contains chromium in either free or combined form.

Coating predominantly semiconductor substrate (e.g., silicon, compound semiconductor, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is a semiconductor.
(1) Note. See subclass 123, (1) Note, for the definition of a semiconductor.
(2) Note. This subclass includes processes of electrolytic coating, per se, on a semiconductor material and combinations of electrolytic coating with an additional step or steps which are preparatory treatments that adapt the material for electrolytic coating or which perfect the electrolytic coating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Processes, for (a) combined processes and (b) certain unit operations of manufacturing a semiconductive substrate or device.

Coating a substrate predominantly comprised of nonconductive material to which conductive material or material which can be converted into conductive material has been added (e.g., nonconductive polymer substrate containing carbon or copper oxide particles, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the substrate predominantly comprises a mixture of a first material the electrical conductivity of which is insufficient to allow it to carry adequate current to be directly electroplated and a second material which is electrically conductive or can be treated to make it electrically conductive.
(1) Note. The substrate may be a homogeneous mixture of the first and second material or the second material may be present only at or near the surface of the substrate.
(2) Note. Coating with a conductive material is excluded and placed below, see subclasses 163 and 165-169.

Coating predominantly nonmetal substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is a nonmetal.

Fabric substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein the substrate is in the form of a fabric.
(1) Note. For coating of metallic wire cloth, see this class, subclass 150.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 175, 190, 193, and 196+ for a stock material product embodying mechanically interengaged strands and strand portions (e.g., weave, knit, etc.). See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in Class 428, for further discussion of this topic.
442, Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, etc.), 59 for a coated or impregnated fabric.

Perforated, foraminous, or permeable substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein the substrate is perforated, foraminous, or permeable.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, 131 and 596+ for a stock material product in which a component includes apertures. See also Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, in Class 428, for further discussion of this topic.
442, Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, etc.), 1 for a knitted or open mesh fabric.

Ceramic or glass substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is a ceramic or glass.

Conductive material applied to substrate by painting, spraying, or immersion (e.g., electroless plating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 162. Subject matter wherein conductive material is applied to the substrate by painting, spraying, or immersion before the substrate is electrolytically coated.

Synthetic resin substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 159. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is a synthetic resin.

Conductive material applied to substrate by vacuum or vapor deposition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter wherein conductive material is applied to the substrate by vacuum or vapor deposition before the substrate is electrolytically coated.

Conductive material applied to substrate by painting, spraying, or immersion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter wherein conductive material is applied to the substrate by painting, spraying, or immersion before the substrate is electrolytically coated.

Conductive material applied to substrate by plating from bath
containing metal ions and reducing agent (e.g., electroless plating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 164. Subject matter wherein conductive material is applied to the substrate by plating from a bath containing metal ions and a reducing agent before the substrate is electrolytically coated.

Resin contains etchable filler:
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the synthetic resin contains a filler material which may be at least partially removed by etching.

Conductive material is copper or nickel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 167. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the conductive material is copper or nickel.

Forming multiple superposed electrolytic coatings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a plurality of distinct superposed electrolytic coatings are formed on a substrate.
(1) Note. A single coat, layer, or film built up of a series of substantially identical coatings, one superimposed or added to the other or others, is not placed here but may be found in the appropriate subclass dependent upon the composition of the layer or coat formed. For example, a process of coating copper on a rotating surface that is repeatedly immersed in the electrolyte and withdrawn will be found in subclass 143 even though a great number of thin films join together to form one distinct coat.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for stock material or articles having adjacent metal layers.

At least one anodic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein one or more of the coatings consists essentially of an anodic coating or in which the anodic composition is an essential constituent.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 628 for composite metallic stock material having an additional nonmetal component which is a compound of an adjacent metal.

Predominantly aluminum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein the substrate coated is predominantly aluminum (e.g., pure aluminum or an alloy in which the predominant ingredient is aluminum, etc.).

Electrolytically depositing material only within or above pores of anodic coating (e.g., electrolytic coloring, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 172. Subject matter wherein material is electrolytically deposited only within or above the pores of a porous anodic coating (e.g., electrolytically depositing pigment material in the pores, etc.).

Multiple anodic coatings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 173. Subject matter wherein multiple anodic coatings are formed.

Multiple anodic coatings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 171. Subject matter wherein multiple anodic coatings are formed.

At least one alloy coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein one of the coatings consists essentially of an alloy (e.g. brass, bronze, etc.).
(1) Note. The coating must be alloy as deposited form the bath.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
228 for subject matter wherein the coating forms an alloy as a result of a heat treatment.

At least one predominantly zinc metal coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein one of the coatings is predominantly zinc.

At least one chromium-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein one of the coatings contains chromium in the free metal or combined state (e.g., chromium, chromate, chromium oxide, etc.).

Multiple chromium-containing coatings:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein more than one of the coatings contain chromium in the free metal or combined state.

At least one predominantly nickel metal coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 178. Subject matter wherein one of the coatings is predominantly nickel metal (e.g., Cu-Ni-Cr, etc.).

At least one predominantly nickel metal coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein at least one of the coatings is predominantly nickel metal.

At least one predominantly copper metal coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 170. Subject matter wherein at least one of the coatings is predominantly copper metal.

Forming nonelectrolytic coating before depositing predominantly single metal or alloy electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a permanent coating is formed by a nonelectrolytic coating process before a predominantly single metal or alloy coating is deposited by an electrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. For this subclass and those indented hereunder a permanent coating is considered to comprise any material deposited on the substrate that remains as part of the finished article.

Nonelectrolytic coating or coatings all contain single metal or alloy:
This subclass is indented under subclass 183. Subject matter wherein the nonelectrolytic coating or each one of multiple superposed nonelectrolytic coatings at least partially comprises a single metal or alloy.

Nonelectrolytic coating from zincate or stannate bath:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter wherein a zincate or stannate bath is utilized to form a
nonelectrolytic coating.

Nonelectrolytic coating by vacuum or vapor deposition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter wherein a nonelectrolytic coating is formed by vacuum or vapor deposition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
165 for processes of applying conductive material to a synthetic resin substrate by vacuum or vapor deposition before depositing electrolytic coating.

Nonelectrolytic coating by plating from bath containing metal ions and reducing agent (e.g., electroless plating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 184. Subject matter wherein a nonelectrolytic coating is formed by plating from a bath containing metal ions and a reducing agent.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
167 for processes of applying conductive material to a synthetic resin substrate by plating from a bath containing metal ions and reducing agent before depositing electrolytic coating.

Forming nonelectrolytic coating before forming nonmetal electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a permanent coating is formed by a nonelectrolytic coating process before a nonmetal coating is formed by an electrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. For this subclass and those indented hereunder a permanent coating is considered to comprise any material deposited on the substrate that remains as part of the finished article.

Predominantly titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, or tantalum nonelectrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the nonelectrolytic coating is elemental titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, or tantalum.

Predominantly aluminum nonelectrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 188. Subject matter wherein elemental aluminum is the major or predominant constituent of the nonelectrolytic coating.

Forming nonelectrolytic coating after depositing predominantly single metal or alloy electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a permanent coating is formed by a nonelectrolytic coating process after a predominantly single metal or alloy coating is deposited by an electrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. For this subclass and those indented hereunder a permanent coating is considered to comprise any material deposited on the substrate that remains as part of the finished article.

Nonelectrolytic coating by vacuum or vapor deposition of a predominantly single metal or alloy coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Subject matter wherein a predominantly single metal or alloy nonelectrolytic coating is formed by vacuum or vapor deposition.

Nonelectrolytic coating by immersion in bath of molten metal to form predominantly single metal or alloy coating (e.g., hot dipping, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Subject matter wherein a predominantly single metal or alloy nonelectrolytic coating is formed by immersion in a bath of molten metal.

Nonelectrolytic coating is predominantly nonmetal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 191. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of a nonelectrolytic coating is a nonmetal.

Nonelectrolytic coating is ceramic, glass, or vitreous enamel:
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of a nonelectrolytic coating is a ceramic, a glass, or a vitreous enamel.

Nonelectrolytic coating is predominantly organic material (e.g., paint, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Subject matter wherein an organic material is the major or predominant constituent of a nonelectrolytic coating.

Nonelectrolytic coating is phosphorus- or chromium-containing (e.g., phosphate, chromate, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 194. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of a nonelectrolytic coating is a phosphorus-containing or chromium-containing material.

Forming nonelectrolytic coating after forming nonmetal electrolytic coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein a permanent coating is formed by a nonelectrolytic coating process after a nonmetal coating is formed by an electrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. For this subclass and those indented hereunder a permanent coating is considered to comprise any material deposited on the substrate that remains as part of the finished article.

Electrolytic coating is oxygen-containing (e.g., chromate, silicate, oxide formed by anodizing, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 198. Subject matter wherein the electrolytic coating is an oxygen-containing material.

Predominantly titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, or tantalum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is elemental titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, or tantalum.

Predominantly aluminum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 199. Subject matter wherein elemental aluminum is the major or predominant constituent of the substrate.

Nonelectrolytic coloring (including nonelectrolytic coloring and sealing):
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein color is imparted to the substrate by the deposition of material by a nonelectrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. Processes which include both nonelectrolytic coloring and sealing are included herein.

Sealing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter wherein the oxide-containing coating on the aluminum substrate is sealed by the incorporation of material into the oxide-containing coating by a nonelectrolytic coating process.
(1) Note. Sealing by subjecting the substrate to an aqueous environment at an elevated temperature is included herein.

Sealing agent includes organic constituent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 203. Subject matter wherein the nonelectrolytic coating process utilizes a sealing agent which includes an organic constituent.

Treating substrate prior to coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein one or more preliminary preparatory treatments of the substrate to be coated are performed.
(1) Note. For this subclass, and those indented hereunder a substrate is considered to be the object to be coated prior to the execution of any positively recited coating step.
(2) Note. Processes which include the formation of a temporary coating which is completely removed prior to the formation of a permanent coating are included herein.
(3) Note. The preliminary preparatory treatments of the substrate do not result in the deposition of material that remains as part of the finished article.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
640 for electrolytic erosion of a workpiece to change the shape or surface thereof (e.g., etching, polishing, etc.).
687 for other electrolytic material treatment, especially subclasses 705+ for electrolytic removal of foreign material from a metal or metal alloy (e.g., cleaning, etc.), per se.

Contacting substrate with solid member or material (e.g.,
polishing, rolling, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the substrate is contacted with a solid member or material prior to coating.

Heating substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 206. Subject matter wherein the substrate is heated prior to coating.
(1) Note. The substrate may be heated prior to, simultaneous with or subsequent to the contact with the solid member or material.

Blasting substrate with particulate material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the substrate is impacted with particulate material prior to coating.

Heating substrate other than by contact with liquid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the substrate is heated prior to coating by a method which utilizes means other than contacting with a liquid.
(1) Note. Processes which include cooling the substrate subsequent to heating but prior to coating are included herein.

Treating substrate with liquid other than tap water (e.g., for removing foreign material, etching, activating, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter wherein the substrate is treated with a liquid other than tap water prior to coating.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids, for methods of
cleaning in general.
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, for etching processes.

Liquid is nonaqueous (e.g., hydrocarbon solvent, fused bath, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the liquid with which the substrate is treated does not contain water.

Predominantly titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, molybdenum, or tungsten substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is elemental titanium, vanadium, zirconium, niobium, hafnium, tantalum, molybdenum, or tungsten.

Predominantly aluminum substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein elemental aluminum is the major or predominant constituent of the substrate.

Graining or roughening chemically or electrolytically:
This subclass is indented under subclass 213. Subject matter wherein the substrate is either chemically or electrolytically grained or roughened.

Predominantly copper, zinc, or tin substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is copper, zinc, or tin.

Predominantly cobalt or nickel substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the major or predominant constituent of the substrate is cobalt or nickel.

Predominantly iron or steel substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein elemental iron is the major or predominant constituent of the substrate.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
712 for electrolytic removal of nonelemental foreign material from a ferrous metal (e.g., cleaning a ferrous metal, etc.), per se.

Steel containing chromium or nickel (e.g., stainless steel, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 217. Subject matter wherein the substrate is predominantly iron which contains elemental chromium or nickel.

Electrolytic treatment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 210. Subject matter wherein the substrate is treated electrolytically prior to coating.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
704 for electrolytic treatment of a metal or metal alloy, in general.

Treating electrolytic or nonelectrolytic coating after it is
formed:
This subclass is indented under subclass 80. Subject matter wherein an electrolytic or a nonelectrolytic coating is treated subsequent to its formation to produce a modification of or change in character of the coating as distinguished from subsequent treatment of the object on which the coating is placed.
(1) Note. If a nonelectrolytic coating is treated, a step of electrolytic coating must precede the step of forming the nonelectrolytic coating or follow the treatment step.

Selected area:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein only a restricted selected area of the coating is treated, the restricted or selected area including less than the total surface area of the coating.

Contacting with solid member or material (e.g., buffing, burnishing, polishing, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the coating is contacted with a solid member or material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
29, Metal Working, 90.01 for burnishing in general.

Etching of coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the coating is etched.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
221 for process in which only a restricted or selected area of the coating is etched.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
216, Etching a Substrate: Processes, for methods of etching glass, per se. See the SEARCH CLASS notes thereunder.

Heating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 220. Subject matter wherein the coating is heated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, particularly subclass 518 for processes of treating a metal substrate in the solid or semi-solid state by a heating or cooling treatment to modify or maintain the internal physical structure (i.e., microstructure) or chemical properties of the metal. See Class 148, Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class for the line to Class 204.
(1) Note. Class 205 will take electrocoating processes that result in a metal layer formed or in metal being electrocoated by another material and combinations of electrocoating with other chemical treating operations that (a) involve preparatory treatment of metal substrates including heat-treatment which if claimed alone would be proper for Class 148 and (b) post-treatment solely of the electrocoated layer including heat-treatment which if claimed alone would be proper for Class 148. However, if the subsequent treatment modifies the original substrate or a combination of the original substrate and the electrocoated layer, placement will go elsewhere, including Class 148, if the other criteria for Class 148 are met.
(2) Note. Interdiffusion of the electrocoated layer occurring during the coating operation or during the post-treatment operation is proper for Class 205 if limited to the interfacial region between the coating and the substrate, as a perfecting of the bond between the coating and the substrate. If the electrocoated layer is completely melted in the post-treatment operation to perfect the bonding of the coating, this is proper for Class 205. If multiple electrocoated regions are inter diffused to the extent of completely alloying with the loss of coating layer identity, but not substrate identity, this is proper for Class 205. However, if the coating is completely interdiffused into a metal substrate to completely alloy the substrate, leaving no identifying layer on the substrate, placement goes to Class 148.

Tin-containing coating:
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Subject matter
wherein the coating contains tin.

Coating is fused (e.g., reflowing, flow brightening, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 225. Subject matter wherein sufficient heat is applied to cause the tin-containing coating to melt.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 941 (a cross-reference art collection) for material produced by solid state alloying, e.g., diffusion, to the disappearance of an original layer.

Single metal or alloy coating on single metal or alloy substrate:
This subclass is indented under subclass 224. Subject matter wherein the coating or each one of multiple superposed coatings is predominantly comprised of a single metal or alloy and the substrate is also predominantly comprised of a single metal or alloy.

Coating is at least partially diffused or forms alloy:
This subclass is indented under subclass 227. Subject matter wherein sufficient heat is applied to at least partially diffuse coating material into an adjacent coating material, the substrate or both, or to cause the formation of an alloy of coating material.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, subclass 941 (a cross-reference art collection) for material produced by solid state alloying, e.g., diffusion, to the disappearance of an original layer.