File Diff Report

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<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>{overscore (v)}(t)=v(t)+e(t)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?> <o ostyle="single">v</o>(t)=v(t)+e(t)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

Where v(t) is the parameter of interest (the refrigerant charge indicator) at time t; α(t) is a rate of change in the parameter value at the time t; m is the average rate of change in α(t); and {overscore (v)}(t) is the estimate of the variable charge based on data acquired at time t. The added term ε(t) is called an innovation process in Kalman filter terminology. This allows deviations from the model and enables adaptation to changing degradation rates if the sensor data point in a certain direction. The sensor data at each time provides the estimated data for the future value parameter of interest and smoothes out noisy estimates or random terms.

Where v(t) is the parameter of interest (the refrigerant charge indicator) at time t; α(t) is a rate of change in the parameter value at the time t; m is the average rate of change in α(t); and <o ostyle="single">v</o>(t) is the estimate of the variable charge based on data acquired at time t. The added term ε(t) is called an innovation process in Kalman filter terminology. This allows deviations from the model and enables adaptation to changing degradation rates if the sensor data point in a certain direction. The sensor data at each time provides the estimated data for the future value parameter of interest and smoothes out noisy estimates or random terms.

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In this embodiment, preferably, the signal processing means 26 also determines specific volume of the fluid. The specific volume can be determined from the “REM calculation” as specific volume cubic feet/pound” in Appendix A. For this calculation, the pressure is independently measured with a pressure gauge and the temperature is calculated from the speed of sound, as described above. Additionally, the signal processing means 24 can determine Reynolds number for the fluid in the pipe from the specific volume and viscosity and consequently PF. It does this in the following way. The determination of the kinematic viscosity (kvis), the profile factor PF and the Reynolds number can be obtained from “REM calculation of meter factor” in Appendix A, where L represents log. The profile correction factor, PF, relates to axial velocity averaged along the acoustic path between the diagonal transducers, {overscore (v)}, with the axial velocity average across the cross sectional area of the flow, {double overscore (v)}. This is expressed as:

In this embodiment, preferably, the signal processing means 26 also determines specific volume of the fluid. The specific volume can be determined from the “REM calculation” as specific volume cubic feet/pound” in Appendix A. For this calculation, the pressure is independently measured with a pressure gauge and the temperature is calculated from the speed of sound, as described above. Additionally, the signal processing means 24 can determine Reynolds number for the fluid in the pipe from the specific volume and viscosity and consequently PF. It does this in the following way. The determination of the kinematic viscosity (kvis), the profile factor PF and the Reynolds number can be obtained from “REM calculation of meter factor” in Appendix A, where L represents log. The profile correction factor, PF, relates to axial velocity averaged along the acoustic path between the diagonal transducers, <o ostyle="single">v</o>, with the axial velocity average across the cross sectional area of the flow, <o ostyle="double">v</o>. This is expressed as:

<li id="ul0006-0001" num="0148">(1) Average fluid velocity, {double overscore (v)}.</li>

<li id="ul0006-0001" num="0148">(1) Average fluid velocity, <o ostyle="double">v</o>.</li>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Re=Reynolds number=D{double overscore (v)}/υ<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Re=Reynolds number=D <o ostyle="double">v</o>/υ<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

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wherein n is the number of RR intervals, j is the index of the RR intervals, RRj is the jth value of an {overscore (RR)} interval, and RR is the mean of the RR intervals. However, the pulse variation can be generated in many ways, and generally, pulse variation indeed refers to the division of the power of the QRS complexes as a function of the frequency of occurrence. This is why the pulse variation can also be measured as a value proportional to the magnitude of the total or partial power of the pulse spectrum. The pulse variation may also be calculated for instance by means of the height or width of the distribution pattern of the pulse variation or a magnitude derived from them. The measurement of the pulse spectrum may utilize Welch's averaged periodogram method for generating the power spectral density, an eigenvalue decomposition, such as the PMUSIC (Pseudospectrum using Multiple Signal Classification), the AR spectral decomposition (Auto Regressive Spectral Decomposition), the MSSD index (Mean Square Successive Difference), which is the square of squared differences that occur in the vicinity of normal RR intervals, Porges' filtering method or the like.

wherein n is the number of RR intervals, j is the index of the RR intervals, RRj is the jth value of an <o ostyle="single">RR</o> interval, and RR is the mean of the RR intervals. However, the pulse variation can be generated in many ways, and generally, pulse variation indeed refers to the division of the power of the QRS complexes as a function of the frequency of occurrence. This is why the pulse variation can also be measured as a value proportional to the magnitude of the total or partial power of the pulse spectrum. The pulse variation may also be calculated for instance by means of the height or width of the distribution pattern of the pulse variation or a magnitude derived from them. The measurement of the pulse spectrum may utilize Welch's averaged periodogram method for generating the power spectral density, an eigenvalue decomposition, such as the PMUSIC (Pseudospectrum using Multiple Signal Classification), the AR spectral decomposition (Auto Regressive Spectral Decomposition), the MSSD index (Mean Square Successive Difference), which is the square of squared differences that occur in the vicinity of normal RR intervals, Porges' filtering method or the like.

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<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Enrm3=√{square root over (<E3,E3>)} (12)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Enrm3=√{square root over (<E3,E3>)} (12)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Emnrm=√{square root over (<Em,Em>)} (20)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="lead"?>Emnrm=√{square root over (<Em,Em>)} (20)<?in-line-formulae description="In-line Formulae" end="tail"?>

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To obtain an optimum relationship between the adsorption capacity of the adsorption material of the present invention and its breakthrough behavior, the ratio of the mean particle diameter of the granular or spherical activated carbon particles to the mean fiber diameter of the activated carbon fibers should be selected in a certain range. Especially good results are obtained, if the mean particle diameter of the granular or spherical activated carbon particles ({overscore (d)}activatedcarbonparticle) is greater than the mean fiber diameter of the activated carbon fibers ({overscore (d)}activatedcarbonfiber) by a factor of at least three, preferably by a factor of at least four, more preferably by a factor of at least five, and most preferably by a factor of at lest six. Thus, in accordance with a preferred embodiment: {overscore (d)}activatedcarbonparticle/{overscore (d)}activatedcarbonfiber>3, preferably >4, more preferably >5, and most preferably >6.

To obtain an optimum relationship between the adsorption capacity of the adsorption material of the present invention and its breakthrough behavior, the ratio of the mean particle diameter of the granular or spherical activated carbon particles to the mean fiber diameter of the activated carbon fibers should be selected in a certain range. Especially good results are obtained, if the mean particle diameter of the granular or spherical activated carbon particles ( <o ostyle="single">d</o>activatedcarbonparticle) is greater than the mean fiber diameter of the activated carbon fibers ( <o ostyle="single">d</o>activatedcarbonfiber) by a factor of at least three, preferably by a factor of at least four, more preferably by a factor of at least five, and most preferably by a factor of at lest six. Thus, in accordance with a preferred embodiment: <o ostyle="single">d</o>activatedcarbonparticle/ <o ostyle="single">d</o>activatedcarbonfiber>3, preferably >4, more preferably >5, and most preferably >6.

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In order to calculate the radius of curvature ρsT of the face T of the infinitesimal teeth it is necessary to find previously the radius of curvature of S3 at points F1 to FM during their calculation in steps d) and e) of the second phase. For this the expression (Ec. 2) is applied to the refraction at these points of the rays coming from I. In this case, for each point Fk and denoting by {overscore (AB)} the length of the segment of edges A and B, we have ρi={overscore (IFk)}, ρr=∞ in step d) and ρr={overscore (R′Fk)} in step e).

In order to calculate the radius of curvature ρsT of the face T of the infinitesimal teeth it is necessary to find previously the radius of curvature of S3 at points F1 to FM during their calculation in steps d) and e) of the second phase. For this the expression (Ec. 2) is applied to the refraction at these points of the rays coming from I. In this case, for each point Fk and denoting by <o ostyle="single">AB</o> the length of the segment of edges A and B, we have ρi= <o ostyle="single">IFk</o>, ρr=∞ in step d) and ρr= <o ostyle="single">R′Fk</o> in step e).

It is in step f), in which the points Gk are calculated on the basis of the points Fk, where the desired values of ρsT should be calculated. The calculation involves the use of the expression (Ec. 2) for the three successive incidences undergone by the ray that goes (in the reverse direction) from R toward Fk. Given that in step f) the points and the normals to the surfaces are calculated, the angles of incidence and of refraction/reflection, like the refractive indices, are known parameters in the three incidences. In the first, at Fk, as the radius of curvature ρs is already known and ρi={overscore (RFk)}, from (Ec. 2) we obtain the radius of curvature of the refracted wavefront ρr1. For the second incidence, which occurs on the face V of the tooth calculated at Gk, the radius of curvature of the incident wavefront is ρi={overscore (GkFk)}−ρi and the radius of curvature of the surface is known (ρsV=∞), so that from (Ec. 2) we obtain the radius of curvature of the refracted wavefront ρr2. Finally, for the third incidence, which occurs on the face T of the tooth, it is known that ρi=−ρr2 and ρr3=∞, so that (Ec. 2) can be solved with the radius of curvature ρsT as an unknown, which was the desired value.

It is in step f), in which the points Gk are calculated on the basis of the points Fk, where the desired values of ρsT should be calculated. The calculation involves the use of the expression (Ec. 2) for the three successive incidences undergone by the ray that goes (in the reverse direction) from R toward Fk. Given that in step f) the points and the normals to the surfaces are calculated, the angles of incidence and of refraction/reflection, like the refractive indices, are known parameters in the three incidences. In the first, at Fk, as the radius of curvature ρs is already known and ρi= <o ostyle="single">RFk</o>, from (Ec. 2) we obtain the radius of curvature of the refracted wavefront ρr1. For the second incidence, which occurs on the face V of the tooth calculated at Gk, the radius of curvature of the incident wavefront is ρi= <o ostyle="single">GkFk</o>−ρi and the radius of curvature of the surface is known (ρsV=∞), so that from (Ec. 2) we obtain the radius of curvature of the refracted wavefront ρr2. Finally, for the third incidence, which occurs on the face T of the tooth, it is known that ρi=−ρr2 and ρr3=∞, so that (Ec. 2) can be solved with the radius of curvature ρsT as an unknown, which was the desired value.

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<entry>Mean ({overscore (X)})</entry>	<entry>Mean ( <o ostyle="single">X</o>)</entry>
<entry>Xi − {overscore (X)}</entry>	<entry>Xi − <o ostyle="single">X</o></entry>

<entry> MEAN Xi {overscore (X)}</entry>	<entry> MEAN Xi <o ostyle="single">X</o></entry>
<entry>Xi − {overscore (X)}</entry>	<entry>Xi − <o ostyle="single">X</o></entry>

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When two harmonic vibrations A1 cos(ωt+φ1) and A2 cos(ωt+φ2) of the same frequency occur along the same directions, then the resulting vibration Ā cos(ωt+{overscore (φ)}) has an amplitude defined from Ā2=A12+A22+2A1A2 cos(φ1−φ2). The analyzer thus transforms the pattern of (x,y)-dependent phase difference into the pattern of transmitted light intensity I(x,y)=Ā2. The intensity of light passed through the crossed polarizers and the nematic slab between them follows from Eq. (1) as

When two harmonic vibrations A1 cos(ωt+φ1) and A2 cos(ωt+φ2) of the same frequency occur along the same directions, then the resulting vibration Ā cos(ωt+ <o ostyle="single">φ</o>) has an amplitude defined from Ā2=A12+A22+2A1A2 cos(φ1−φ2). The analyzer thus transforms the pattern of (x,y)-dependent phase difference into the pattern of transmitted light intensity I(x,y)=Ā2. The intensity of light passed through the crossed polarizers and the nematic slab between them follows from Eq. (1) as

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<entry>WGF 11-mer: NH2-AQPYPQGNHEA-COOH</entry>

<entry>WGF 11-mer: NH2-AQPYPQGNHEA-COOH</entry>

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A random copolymer having the formula illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> was prepared wherein Z was a diethyl amino group (NR6R7 with R6 and R7 being CH2CH3) and R1 was CH3. The copolymer (I-a) was prepared using N,N-(diethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEM, {overscore (M)}n=300) (Sigma-Aldrich), Potassium t-butoxide (KtBuO) (Sigma-Aldrich) as the initiator, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) (Sigma-Aldrich) as the solvent. Prior to polymerization, both the PEGMEM and the DEAEM monomer were stirred over calcium hydride for at least 24 hours. The dried DEAEM monomer was then distilled under vacuum immediately prior to use. The THF was also dried over sodium metal in the presence of benzophenone until a purple color was present. Once dried, the THF was then distilled under argon and used immediately. Potassium t-butoxide (KtBuO) was used under dry, inert atmosphere with no purification.

A random copolymer having the formula illustrated in <figref idref="DRAWINGS">FIG. 8</figref> was prepared wherein Z was a diethyl amino group (NR6R7 with R6 and R7 being CH2CH3) and R1 was CH3. The copolymer (I-a) was prepared using N,N-(diethyl amino)ethyl methacrylate (DEAEM) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Mo.), poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEM, <o ostyle="single">M</o>n=300) (Sigma-Aldrich), Potassium t-butoxide (KtBuO) (Sigma-Aldrich) as the initiator, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) (Sigma-Aldrich) as the solvent. Prior to polymerization, both the PEGMEM and the DEAEM monomer were stirred over calcium hydride for at least 24 hours. The dried DEAEM monomer was then distilled under vacuum immediately prior to use. The THF was also dried over sodium metal in the presence of benzophenone until a purple color was present. Once dried, the THF was then distilled under argon and used immediately. Potassium t-butoxide (KtBuO) was used under dry, inert atmosphere with no purification.

<entry>{overscore (M)}<sub>n</sub></entry>	<entry> <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n</sub></entry>
<entry>{overscore (M)}<sub>n</sub></entry>	<entry> <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n</sub></entry>

<entry>{overscore (M)}n</entry>

GPC results relative to poly(methyl methacrylate) standards were drastically lower than what was expected based on initiator concentration (Table 1). The polydispersity index (PDI), however, was on the order that is expected for anionic polymerization. In the absence of premature termination or slow initiation, both of which would cause a much broader molecular weight distribution, there is little explanation of a {overscore (M)}n much lower than the expected {overscore (M)}n. Due to the high mass fraction of the polymer contained in the pendent groups of the PDEAEM homopolymer and PEGMEM/DEAEM copolymers, it was believed that a relative calibration to the linear polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) could yield measured molecular weights much lower than their actual values. In order to verify the relative calibration measurements light scattering was used to obtain an absolute molecular weight measurement.

GPC results relative to poly(methyl methacrylate) standards were drastically lower than what was expected based on initiator concentration (Table 1). The polydispersity index (PDI), however, was on the order that is expected for anionic polymerization. In the absence of premature termination or slow initiation, both of which would cause a much broader molecular weight distribution, there is little explanation of a <o ostyle="single">M</o>n much lower than the expected <o ostyle="single">M</o>n. Due to the high mass fraction of the polymer contained in the pendent groups of the PDEAEM homopolymer and PEGMEM/DEAEM copolymers, it was believed that a relative calibration to the linear polystyrene or poly(methyl methacrylate) could yield measured molecular weights much lower than their actual values. In order to verify the relative calibration measurements light scattering was used to obtain an absolute molecular weight measurement.

The values for {overscore (M)}n resulting from laser light scattering were much higher than the values obtained from relative RI measurements. The {overscore (M)}n values were also slightly higher than the target values, which could be due to the fact that the initiator was not titrated prior to each polymerization. If some of the potassium t-butoxide became inactive then the amount of active initiator would be lower, resulting in higher molecular weight values. If an exact {overscore (M)}n was desired, such a practice could be performed immediately prior to the polymerization.

The values for <o ostyle="single">M</o>n resulting from laser light scattering were much higher than the values obtained from relative RI measurements. The <o ostyle="single">M</o>n values were also slightly higher than the target values, which could be due to the fact that the initiator was not titrated prior to each polymerization. If some of the potassium t-butoxide became inactive then the amount of active initiator would be lower, resulting in higher molecular weight values. If an exact <o ostyle="single">M</o>n was desired, such a practice could be performed immediately prior to the polymerization.

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<li id="ul0002-0003" num="0017">B) at least one polyol having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 450 to 10,000;

<li id="ul0001-0002" num="0018">C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener;

<li id="ul0001-0002" num="0018">C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener;

<li id="ul0001-0003" num="0019">D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound based on phosphonate or phosphine oxide having on average at least 1.5 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000, corresponding to the following structural formula:</li>

<li id="ul0001-0003" num="0019">D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound based on phosphonate or phosphine oxide having on average at least 1.5 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000, corresponding to the following structural formula:</li>

<li id="ul0005-0003" num="0029">F) from 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000;

<p id="p-0021" num="0035">Zerewitinoff-active polyols which are suitable to be used as component B) in the products of the present invention are those having on average at least 1.8 to not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}<sub>n </sub>of 450 to 10,000. These often contain small amounts of non-linear compounds as a result of their production. Thus, these are often referred to as “substantially linear polyols”. Polyester-, polyether- or polycarbonate-diols or mixtures of these are preferred.</p>	<p id="p-0021" num="0035">Zerewitinoff-active polyols which are suitable to be used as component B) in the products of the present invention are those having on average at least 1.8 to not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n </sub>of 450 to 10,000. These often contain small amounts of non-linear compounds as a result of their production. Thus, these are often referred to as “substantially linear polyols”. Polyester-, polyether- or polycarbonate-diols or mixtures of these are preferred.</p>
<p id="p-0022" num="0036">In addition to compounds containing amino groups, thiol groups or carboxyl groups, compounds containing two to three, preferably two hydroxyl groups are included, and in particular, specifically those with number-average molecular weights {overscore (M)}<sub>n </sub>of 450 to 6,000. It is particularly preferred that these have a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}<sub>n </sub>of 600 to 4,500. Among the preferred compounds are, for example, polyesters, polyethers, polycarbonates and polyester-amides containing hydroxyl groups.</p>	<p id="p-0022" num="0036">In addition to compounds containing amino groups, thiol groups or carboxyl groups, compounds containing two to three, preferably two hydroxyl groups are included, and in particular, specifically those with number-average molecular weights <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n </sub>of 450 to 6,000. It is particularly preferred that these have a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n </sub>of 600 to 4,500. Among the preferred compounds are, for example, polyesters, polyethers, polycarbonates and polyester-amides containing hydroxyl groups.</p>
<p id="p-0023" num="0037">Suitable polyether-diols to be used as component B) of the invention can be prepared, for example, by reacting one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical with a starter molecule which contains two active hydrogen atoms in bonded form. Alkylene oxides which may be mentioned include, e.g. ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin and 1,2-butylene oxide and 2,3-butylene oxide. Ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and mixtures of 1,2-propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are preferably used. The alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures. Possible starter molecules include, for example, water, amino alcohols, such as N-alkyl-diethanolamines, for example N-methyl-diethanolamine, and diols, such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol. Mixtures of starter molecules can also optionally be employed. Suitable polyether-ols are furthermore the polymerization products of tetrahydrofuran which contain hydroxyl groups. It is also possible to employ trifunctional polyethers in amounts of 0 to 30 wt. %, based on the weight of the bifunctional polyethers. The amount of the trifunctional polyethers used is limited to an amount such that a product which is still thermoplastically processable is formed. The substantially linear polyether-diols preferably have number-average molecular weights {overscore (M)}<sub>n </sub>of 450 to 6,000. They can be used either individually or in the form of mixtures with one another.</p>	<p id="p-0023" num="0037">Suitable polyether-diols to be used as component B) of the invention can be prepared, for example, by reacting one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical with a starter molecule which contains two active hydrogen atoms in bonded form. Alkylene oxides which may be mentioned include, e.g. ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin and 1,2-butylene oxide and 2,3-butylene oxide. Ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and mixtures of 1,2-propylene oxide and ethylene oxide are preferably used. The alkylene oxides can be used individually, alternately in succession or as mixtures. Possible starter molecules include, for example, water, amino alcohols, such as N-alkyl-diethanolamines, for example N-methyl-diethanolamine, and diols, such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol and 1,6-hexanediol. Mixtures of starter molecules can also optionally be employed. Suitable polyether-ols are furthermore the polymerization products of tetrahydrofuran which contain hydroxyl groups. It is also possible to employ trifunctional polyethers in amounts of 0 to 30 wt. %, based on the weight of the bifunctional polyethers. The amount of the trifunctional polyethers used is limited to an amount such that a product which is still thermoplastically processable is formed. The substantially linear polyether-diols preferably have number-average molecular weights <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n </sub>of 450 to 6,000. They can be used either individually or in the form of mixtures with one another.</p>
<p id="p-0024" num="0038">Suitable polyester-diols to be used as component B) in the present invention can be prepared, for example, from dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols. Possible dicarboxylic acids include, for example: aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid, or aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acids can be used individually or as mixtures, e.g. in the form of a succinic, glutaric and adipic acid mixture. For the preparation of the polyester-diols it may be advantageous, where appropriate, to use the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives, such as carboxylic acid diesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol radical, carboxylic acid anhydrides or carboxylic acid chlorides, instead of the dicarboxylic acids. Examples of suitable polyhydric alcohols include glycols having 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as, e.g. ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 2,2-dimethyl- 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol or dipropylene glycol. The polyhydric alcohols can be used by themselves or as a mixture with one another, depending on the desired properties. Compounds which are also suitable for use as component B) include esters of carbonic acid with the diols mentioned, and particularly those diols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol, condensation products of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids, such as ω-hydroxycaproic acid, or polymerization products of lactones, such as, e.g. ω-caprolactones which are optionally substituted. Polyester-diols which are preferably used are ethanediol polyadipates, 1,4-butanediol polyadipates, ethanediol- 1,4-butanediol polyadipates, 1,6-hexanediol-neopentylglycol polyadipates, 1,6-hexanediol- 1,4-butanediol polyadipates and polycaprolactones. The polyester-diols have number-average molecular weights {overscore (M)}<sub>n </sub>of 450 to 10,000 and can be used individually or in the form of mixtures with one another.</p>	<p id="p-0024" num="0038">Suitable polyester-diols to be used as component B) in the present invention can be prepared, for example, from dicarboxylic acids having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and polyhydric alcohols. Possible dicarboxylic acids include, for example: aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid and sebacic acid, or aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acids can be used individually or as mixtures, e.g. in the form of a succinic, glutaric and adipic acid mixture. For the preparation of the polyester-diols it may be advantageous, where appropriate, to use the corresponding dicarboxylic acid derivatives, such as carboxylic acid diesters having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alcohol radical, carboxylic acid anhydrides or carboxylic acid chlorides, instead of the dicarboxylic acids. Examples of suitable polyhydric alcohols include glycols having 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as, e.g. ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, 2,2-dimethyl- 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol or dipropylene glycol. The polyhydric alcohols can be used by themselves or as a mixture with one another, depending on the desired properties. Compounds which are also suitable for use as component B) include esters of carbonic acid with the diols mentioned, and particularly those diols having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, such as 1,4-butanediol or 1,6-hexanediol, condensation products of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids, such as ω-hydroxycaproic acid, or polymerization products of lactones, such as, e.g. ω-caprolactones which are optionally substituted. Polyester-diols which are preferably used are ethanediol polyadipates, 1,4-butanediol polyadipates, ethanediol- 1,4-butanediol polyadipates, 1,6-hexanediol-neopentylglycol polyadipates, 1,6-hexanediol- 1,4-butanediol polyadipates and polycaprolactones. The polyester-diols have number-average molecular weights <o ostyle="single">M</o><sub>n </sub>of 450 to 10,000 and can be used individually or in the form of mixtures with one another.</p>

The flameproofing agents D) have a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000, preferably 100 to 5,000, particularly preferably 100 to 1,000.

The flameproofing agents D) have a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000, preferably 100 to 5,000, particularly preferably 100 to 1,000.

<li id="ul0012-0003" num="0066">B) at least one polyol having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 450 to 10,000;</li>

<li id="ul0013-0001" num="0068">C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener,</li>

<li id="ul0013-0001" num="0068">C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener,</li>

<li id="ul0013-0003" num="0070">D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound based on phosphonate or phosphine oxide having on average at least 1.5 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000, corresponding to the following structural formula:</li>

<li id="ul0013-0003" num="0070">D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound based on phosphonate or phosphine oxide having on average at least 1.5 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000, corresponding to the following structural formula:</li>

<li id="ul0018-0004" num="0083">F) from 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000,

<claim-text>B) at least one polyether polyol having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 450 to 10,000;</claim-text>

<claim-text>B) at least one polyether polyol having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 450 to 10,000;</claim-text>

<claim-text>C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener;</claim-text>

<claim-text>C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener;</claim-text>

<claim-text>D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound having on average at least 2.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000, wherein said organic phosphorus-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of (1) one or more phosphonates which correspond to the structural formula:</claim-text>

<claim-text>D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound having on average at least 2.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000, wherein said organic phosphorus-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of (1) one or more phosphonates which correspond to the structural formula:</claim-text>

<claim-text>F) from 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000;</claim-text>

<claim-text>F) from 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000;</claim-text>

<claim-text>C) at least one low molecular weight polyol or polyamine having on average at least 1.8 and not more than 3.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 400 as a chain lengthener;</claim-text>

<claim-text>D) from 1 to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one organic phosphorus-containing compound having on average at least 2.0 Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000, wherein said organic phosphorus-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of (1) one or more phosphonates which correspond to the structural formula:</claim-text>

<claim-text>F) 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight {overscore (M)}n of 60 to 10,000,</claim-text>

<claim-text>F) 0 to 70 wt. %, based on the total weight of the TPU, of at least one further flameproofing agent which contains no Zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms and has a number-average molecular weight <o ostyle="single">M</o>n of 60 to 10,000,</claim-text>

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