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U.S. PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE
Electronic Information Products Division
Patent Technology Monitoring Team (PTMT)

U.S. Government
Utility Patent Grants,
Calendar Years 1969-2004

- this report has been prepared with support from the National Science Foundation -

BREAKOUT BY TECHNOLOGY CLASS -
PATENTS DISTRIBUTED BY CALENDAR YEAR OF GRANT

NUMBER OF UTILITY PATENTS ASSIGNED ANNUALLY TO
U.S. GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

- Explanation of Data -

Rank Ordered Listing of Technology Classes Receiving 1 or More Utility Patents During the Period

This Summary Table Displays Patent Counts By Technology Class For
Patents Granted To:

ALL U.S. GOVERNMENT ENTITIES

( count of patent grants, as distributed by calendar year of grant )
( technology class is determined by the primary patent classification - see 'Explanation of Data' )

This table displays annual patent counts for the selected U.S. Government entry.
Counts of granted patents are either distributed by the year of patent grant
or by the year of patent filing.
Class Class Title PRE_1984 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Total
073 Measuring and Testing 994 69 57 36 33 27 37 32 34 36 35 56 40 38 30 42 39 29 34 33 41 34 1806
102 Ammunition and Explosives 1100 37 26 22 17 9 18 34 49 31 29 21 16 15 22 20 20 21 37 27 27 17 1615
250 Radiant Energy 818 42 38 35 37 31 30 50 50 34 42 55 45 36 31 26 20 24 19 23 20 19 1525
532 Organic Compounds (includes Classes 532-570) 801 42 32 28 31 21 22 19 31 27 44 32 23 21 25 20 29 18 26 26 17 25 1360
342 Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation) 782 28 35 50 30 6 16 18 36 26 32 43 29 29 13 15 16 21 21 21 23 24 1314
424 Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions (includes Class 514) 236 22 18 22 30 26 26 36 26 38 48 51 42 45 83 108 84 63 76 66 71 74 1291
435 Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology 150 11 6 9 20 11 24 25 26 48 45 46 56 70 72 94 93 71 76 68 50 56 1127
244 Aeronautics 588 29 21 29 30 18 25 16 35 24 27 25 13 6 9 19 14 10 19 29 20 14 1020
367 Communications, Electrical: Acoustic Wave Systems and Devices 458 27 11 7 8 3 8 47 51 25 29 30 27 33 30 46 26 32 22 31 24 24 999
356 Optics: Measuring and Testing 469 26 32 33 34 16 15 27 17 27 22 29 15 25 14 37 19 23 6 8 22 9 925
324 Electricity: Measuring and Testing 458 25 28 25 26 16 19 25 25 37 22 26 18 21 19 13 16 12 22 27 20 12 912
520 Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers (includes Classes 520-528) 417 20 29 21 12 10 16 25 32 40 37 36 18 33 19 20 19 17 19 18 14 12 884
359 Optics: Systems and Elements 321 23 32 26 21 19 19 22 28 37 24 22 12 21 19 24 26 14 18 27 10 13 778
372 Coherent Light Generators 348 32 26 26 16 18 27 23 27 37 26 46 19 21 7 15 8 8 8 5 12 10 765
089 Ordnance 420 16 14 9 16 11 19 17 30 19 16 17 18 6 15 14 9 11 23 20 15 10 745
376 Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements 411 23 30 24 37 30 9 10 11 9 8 4 3 2 1 4 9 2 4 3 5 10 649
423 Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds 438 26 16 15 12 11 13 12 5 15 6 12 7 11 5 2 6 5 7 4 2 8 638
343 Communications: Radio Wave Antennas 364 15 18 13 11 17 9 6 7 6 6 8 12 13 12 4 14 22 19 14 18 11 619
149 Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges 397 17 8 5 9 3 6 12 19 6 7 6 4 5 7 7 8 8 12 7 12 10 575
327 Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems 473 10 7 5 8 2 0 5 8 3 2 6 6 0 2 5 1 2 1 4 2 1 553
060 Power Plants 330 18 12 10 8 6 15 7 13 12 13 12 9 6 2 5 6 6 15 20 13 4 542
428 Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles 217 11 20 11 21 8 9 12 7 18 14 22 22 17 11 15 25 12 15 6 13 12 518
114 Ships 249 10 1 3 2 0 6 4 15 7 16 14 26 15 29 16 9 20 13 18 25 17 515
427 Coating Processes 244 19 13 16 5 7 5 14 17 13 17 12 14 10 12 13 14 10 5 7 9 9 485
429 Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process 231 21 29 13 18 16 13 14 10 15 14 13 12 6 3 5 4 6 5 7 6 4 465
333 Wave Transmission Lines and Networks 274 15 13 20 8 11 14 8 9 8 9 10 8 5 1 2 5 2 3 5 1 1 432
310 Electrical Generator or Motor Structure 189 15 10 10 9 8 1 10 11 12 5 14 9 6 10 9 3 6 10 7 4 13 371
210 Liquid Purification or Separation 187 5 5 5 6 9 15 10 12 18 10 8 11 7 12 6 10 5 7 5 5 7 365
128 Surgery (includes Class 600) 155 4 9 4 8 3 9 9 14 4 10 15 8 14 16 13 7 11 12 12 14 13 364
264 Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes 209 4 7 4 6 7 12 5 9 9 14 7 8 6 6 10 12 6 7 4 4 5 361
385 Optical Waveguides 93 7 6 9 13 12 5 14 14 13 19 17 16 12 20 11 15 12 17 11 14 9 359
257 Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes) 104 4 8 7 6 4 16 7 22 9 8 25 16 14 14 15 12 13 15 12 5 18 354
137 Fluid Handling 255 11 13 4 7 3 3 4 8 5 5 5 4 1 5 2 5 4 2 2 3 2 353
438 Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process 130 10 8 4 17 2 8 9 11 4 17 15 13 2 11 6 8 23 12 11 14 11 346
315 Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems 192 13 18 16 7 18 5 14 7 6 7 7 4 4 2 7 4 2 1 4 3 2 343
340 Communications: Electrical 186 9 9 9 7 4 5 6 4 3 9 8 7 11 16 8 5 9 7 6 3 12 343
252 Compositions 199 7 5 10 6 4 3 8 12 9 7 10 3 4 3 7 12 3 4 4 4 6 330
348 Television 218 9 11 5 10 1 4 5 7 7 7 8 6 5 4 0 4 3 2 4 3 2 325
204 Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy 186 14 9 6 14 7 8 4 0 9 6 10 13 5 7 4 4 5 5 3 3 2 324
205 Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions 173 19 7 6 3 7 9 6 6 8 8 10 7 5 4 5 2 1 6 2 4 5 303
029 Metal Working 164 6 7 9 3 5 5 3 10 8 7 9 5 3 5 5 6 2 9 2 6 5 284
436 Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing 118 5 7 5 5 4 7 5 7 6 9 13 6 8 7 8 16 8 9 12 4 15 284
426 Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products 197 4 6 2 1 3 3 4 5 7 6 3 2 0 2 3 4 6 3 2 6 2 271
708 Arithmetic Processing and Calculating (Electrical Computers) 178 8 12 10 8 5 7 4 3 3 7 3 4 3 0 4 3 2 0 1 2 2 269
008 Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers 233 6 1 3 2 5 4 3 1 3 3 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 267
361 Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices 147 6 6 5 6 2 4 6 5 10 10 2 8 4 4 4 3 2 4 2 3 4 247
331 Oscillators 147 12 10 14 10 6 9 3 1 4 2 7 3 4 3 3 0 1 0 0 1 3 243
219 Electric Heating 102 10 12 7 7 6 10 8 11 8 7 18 7 1 3 4 8 3 3 1 2 1 239
434 Education and Demonstration 146 10 6 2 2 2 1 8 6 2 9 3 8 5 3 1 8 2 1 2 4 4 235
374 Thermal Measuring and Testing 125 5 9 5 3 5 6 3 10 11 9 7 1 2 4 6 2 2 2 4 5 6 232
375 Pulse or Digital Communications 100 10 13 4 4 1 5 6 7 6 7 6 9 9 7 3 5 5 7 5 6 2 227
422 Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing 115 6 6 6 2 3 2 4 10 7 9 10 7 4 3 3 5 4 6 4 4 7 227
062 Refrigeration 112 12 13 6 8 7 8 4 3 6 3 7 6 2 3 4 7 5 2 6 2 0 226
530 Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof 57 5 2 0 2 2 5 4 5 11 9 9 11 7 12 17 16 11 9 10 12 10 226
148 Metal Treatment 112 4 4 10 6 3 7 4 5 6 6 9 9 7 4 5 1 3 4 4 6 2 221
330 Amplifiers 168 5 1 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 2 4 3 2 1 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 219
313 Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices 138 4 3 5 9 6 2 2 4 3 2 3 5 2 3 4 2 2 2 3 2 3 209
702 DP: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing (Data Processing) 43 0 3 6 3 0 3 5 5 3 7 7 5 7 14 14 12 8 11 16 22 15 209
156 Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture 104 7 5 2 10 4 4 2 1 9 4 3 8 8 7 5 5 6 4 4 2 3 207
165 Heat Exchange 102 7 10 5 5 8 9 8 4 3 6 5 2 2 1 3 1 2 3 3 0 5 194
382 Image Analysis 25 3 4 7 5 6 1 5 7 5 8 10 7 2 6 9 15 14 13 9 10 14 185
455 Telecommunications 134 3 5 6 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 0 2 4 1 5 2 5 2 1 0 3 185
341 Coded Data Generation or Conversion 123 3 6 5 0 2 0 0 4 1 0 2 4 6 4 2 1 6 3 6 2 3 183
136 Batteries: Thermoelectric and Photoelectric 100 7 5 5 6 0 1 3 6 3 5 6 7 2 3 3 3 7 1 1 0 2 176
075 Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures 96 5 4 4 3 9 4 4 5 6 5 0 6 2 3 4 6 3 1 2 0 2 174
033 Geometrical Instruments 103 5 5 5 3 0 7 5 5 3 5 3 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 4 3 162
378 X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices 76 3 8 5 2 0 2 7 9 9 4 8 3 5 0 1 2 3 5 2 3 4 161
117 Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor 51 4 8 4 9 7 8 3 4 10 9 8 6 5 2 2 3 2 3 4 2 4 158
074 Machine Element or Mechanism 109 5 3 3 3 3 5 2 1 4 4 2 3 1 1 2 2 0 0 3 1 0 157
439 Electrical Connectors 92 5 4 3 5 0 3 2 6 4 4 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 4 5 0 3 156
239 Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing 99 3 2 2 7 1 1 3 3 3 5 2 3 2 1 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 151
318 Electricity: Motive Power Systems 92 7 2 5 4 3 1 4 4 2 3 2 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 0 144
228 Metal Fusion Bonding 80 5 3 8 5 3 5 5 5 3 4 3 1 2 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 2 141
174 Electricity: Conductors and Insulators 82 13 4 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 7 2 6 2 0 1 0 3 4 2 0 1 138
701 DP: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location (Data Processing) 43 2 0 4 1 0 3 1 3 4 3 4 2 5 5 3 4 8 10 9 9 7 130
365 Static Information Storage and Retrieval 85 1 2 0 1 1 3 3 2 2 5 5 2 4 2 1 3 1 1 1 0 0 125
420 Alloys or Metallic Compositions 82 2 7 6 1 4 7 3 3 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 1 0 2 124
307 Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems 72 3 2 3 5 2 0 5 3 3 1 2 3 2 5 2 3 2 0 4 0 1 123
501 Compositions: Ceramic 26 3 3 4 3 4 2 5 12 3 6 5 5 9 10 2 1 6 5 1 5 2 122
398 Optical Communications 48 0 2 6 6 3 3 1 4 4 8 3 4 0 4 1 5 5 3 7 1 2 120
405 Hydraulic and Earth Engineering 50 3 2 1 1 2 0 4 1 3 9 4 2 8 4 5 1 3 6 0 5 4 118
335 Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets 39 2 2 0 5 3 8 1 9 9 2 7 6 8 2 1 4 3 3 1 2 0 117
248 Supports (e.g., for holding articles, etc.) 55 6 1 1 6 2 2 3 4 6 2 2 2 1 0 3 3 3 1 5 2 3 113
588 Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment 48 5 2 2 1 1 5 2 1 2 1 4 4 1 8 5 4 8 3 3 0 1 111
370 Multiplex Communications 57 5 6 4 0 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 6 0 1 2 4 0 3 4 7 1 110
042 Firearms 65 1 2 1 0 0 0 3 2 3 1 2 2 0 5 4 3 0 3 4 3 5 109
106 Compositions: Coating or Plastic 65 1 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 4 1 4 0 2 5 6 0 0 2 1 7 3 107
505 Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process 0 0 0 0 0 1 8 9 13 20 13 17 5 3 2 4 3 3 1 1 2 0 105
294 Handling: Hand and Hoist-Line Implements 53 6 1 2 4 5 1 7 2 6 2 2 2 0 3 0 0 4 3 1 0 0 104
416 Fluid Reaction Surfaces (i.e., Impellers) 56 6 7 1 2 0 1 3 1 4 6 2 2 1 0 2 1 4 0 2 1 1 103
363 Electric Power Conversion Systems 72 5 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 0 1 1 3 2 2 3 0 2 1 1 0 1 101
002 Apparel 56 3 3 5 0 0 1 2 5 0 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 2 1 2 2 3 98
700 DP: Generic Control Systems or Specific Applications (Data Processing) 19 2 2 0 2 2 0 5 2 2 1 10 7 9 4 4 2 3 5 1 7 5 94
403 Joints and Connections 29 3 5 2 1 2 3 5 3 5 10 4 6 2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 0 93
126 Stoves and Furnaces 55 13 4 1 2 0 1 0 6 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 92
430 Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof 41 3 2 3 1 0 3 1 2 1 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 91
502 Catalyst, Solid Sorbent, or Support Therefor: Product or Process of Making 38 0 4 1 2 1 6 4 3 5 3 7 2 1 3 1 3 0 2 0 2 2 90
277 Seal for a Joint or Juncture 47 2 2 3 0 2 2 0 3 3 1 3 2 1 0 1 1 2 1 9 1 3 89
508 Solid Anti-Friction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions 61 6 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 2 1 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 89
377 Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems 72 0 3 3 1 0 1 0 2 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 88
419 Powder Metallurgy Processes 39 1 0 3 6 2 7 9 3 2 3 1 3 1 0 2 2 1 2 1 0 0 88
714 Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery 41 1 2 2 1 1 5 3 3 3 3 2 3 6 0 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 88
071 Chemistry: Fertilizers 44 3 4 3 4 4 1 5 3 2 1 2 4 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 2 1 87
417 Pumps 38 2 4 3 0 0 0 2 1 1 7 3 3 4 3 0 2 6 3 0 2 0 84
181 Acoustics 45 2 2 0 3 2 2 1 3 4 3 0 3 3 0 1 0 3 0 1 3 1 82
200 Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers 66 1 1 2 3 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 82
384 Bearings 57 0 5 0 2 2 0 2 1 1 1 3 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 82
414 Material or Article Handling 49 1 7 5 0 4 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 2 0 4 1 0 81
415 Rotary Kinetic Fluid Motors or Pumps 38 4 3 1 1 4 7 1 2 2 3 6 0 0 2 2 0 0 1 3 0 1 81
345 Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual Display Systems 33 2 1 3 1 1 1 0 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 7 1 3 4 4 4 2 80
380 Cryptography 34 1 0 0 3 1 2 2 3 1 4 2 4 2 2 2 1 2 5 2 0 6 79
209 Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids 45 2 2 3 3 2 3 2 2 4 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 1 78
216 Etching a Substrate: Processes 38 4 0 3 1 1 3 3 6 1 2 2 4 3 2 1 0 2 1 0 0 1 78
706 DP: Artificial Intelligence (Data Processing) 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 5 7 3 8 4 8 8 3 4 3 7 8 4 78
065 Glass Manufacturing 31 4 2 5 1 1 5 2 2 5 1 2 0 2 3 2 3 2 1 0 1 0 75
118 Coating Apparatus 42 2 3 1 2 2 1 0 2 2 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 1 0 1 0 2 74
441 Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices 42 0 5 2 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 1 0 3 2 2 2 2 1 2 4 0 73
095 Gas Separation: Processes 38 1 0 0 1 1 4 1 1 3 1 2 2 0 2 1 2 3 2 1 4 2 72
220 Receptacles 40 2 2 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 2 4 1 0 2 72
323 Electricity: Power Supply or Regulation Systems 43 2 0 2 3 1 0 3 3 4 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 72
052 Static Structures (e.g., Buildings) 36 3 2 2 3 4 1 0 2 0 2 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 0 0 70
285 Pipe Joints or Couplings 35 1 3 4 3 2 3 1 3 1 1 5 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 0 69
208 Mineral Oils: Processes and Products 32 2 7 4 3 2 2 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 63
188 Brakes 33 2 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 2 2 2 4 5 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 62
280 Land Vehicles 32 0 1 5 0 1 2 1 1 2 2 3 0 1 0 3 1 2 1 0 3 1 62
134 Cleaning and Liquid Contact with Solids 21 0 2 0 2 2 3 1 3 1 0 2 0 3 0 2 4 0 2 3 5 4 60
180 Motor Vehicles 35 1 2 1 5 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 0 0 1 0 2 60
123 Internal-Combustion Engines 22 1 1 1 0 0 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 1 7 4 3 1 2 59
251 Valves and Valve Actuation 34 2 2 0 1 0 1 2 3 0 2 2 0 2 1 1 3 0 1 0 1 1 59
451 Abrading 25 2 4 6 3 0 0 0 4 4 0 1 1 0 2 0 1 2 2 1 0 1 59
096 Gas Separation: Apparatus 29 1 2 4 3 0 2 2 2 0 4 1 1 0 0 2 1 0 2 0 2 0 58
048 Gas: Heating and Illuminating 41 6 0 2 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 57
703 DP: Structural Design, Modeling, Simulation, and Emulation (Data Processing) 5 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 0 2 2 3 4 7 3 3 6 0 4 4 57
442 Fabric (Woven, Knitted, or Nonwoven Textile or Cloth, Etc.) 41 1 2 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 1 2 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56
166 Wells (shafts or deep borings in the earth, e.g., for oil and gas) 33 5 3 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 55
086 Ammunition and Explosive-Charge Making 34 1 0 2 0 1 1 1 2 0 0 2 3 1 1 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 54
604 Surgery (Medicators and Receptors) 24 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 1 6 2 1 4 1 1 1 0 3 1 54
044 Fuel and Related Compositions 23 4 4 2 1 2 1 1 3 0 0 1 0 0 4 2 0 1 3 0 1 0 53
235 Registers (e.g., cash registers, calculators, devices for counting movements of devices, etc.) 35 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 1 2 3 53
425 Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus 32 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 3 1 1 1