This class is the broad generic class for:
(1) Coating, impregnating or plastic compositions, especially those which set or harden to retain a given shape. Most of the compositions herein found are those which are capable of undergoing a change from a fluent to a nonfluent condition, or from a solid noncoherent form to a solid coherent form, which changes may be effected in any or more of the followings ways:
(a) By setting, e.g., concrete:
(b) By chemical reaction or conversion, e.g., viscose;
(c) By removal of solvents or vehicles, e.g., lacquers;
(d) By solidification from a molten state, e.g., asphalt or sulfur.
This class takes all such compositions unless more specifically provided for in other main classes, for which see the notes below under the heading "Coating or Plastic Compositions Elsewhere Classified".
The term "coating" is used throughout the definitions and notes of this class to include "impregnating".
(2) Materials or ingredients, not in themselves coating, impregnating or plastic compositions which are for use in such compositions and for which there is no provision elsewhere. Fillers or pigments for use in rubber, synthetic resins or paper are also included in this class.
(3) The line followed between sections 1 and 2 is, that patents broadly claiming coating or plastic compositions, wherein the only ingredients named do not by themselves form coating or plastic compositions, are classified in the appropriate subclasses under the heading "Materials or Ingredients", unless the coating or plastic composition has a characteristic or property specifically provided for above.
Thus "a paint comprising a specific pigment" is classified on the basis of the pigment because paints as such are not provided for; however, "an ink comprising a specific pigment" would be placed under "Inks" since inks are provided for as such.
(4) This class takes processes for preparing or making the compositions, materials, or ingredients classified herein, which processes are classified with the corresponding composition, material or ingredient. It does not, however, include processes which are clearly distinct from the composition, material or ingredient, and which are more specifically provided for elsewhere. See the appropriate notes below for the lines with the pertinent process classes.
(5) This class does not include patents which are limited to apparatus only, for which see the appropriate apparatus classes. Patents containing a claim to a composition and/or process of preparing same within this class and a claim to apparatus employed in the preparation of the composition are classified on the basis of the composition or process and cross-referenced to the appropriate apparatus class.

NOTES
It is the present office policy to classify article patents wherein the claims mention the article by name only and define the same only in terms of the composition or material of which it is composed, in the appropriate composition or material class. The collection of these patents and reclassification thereof into the composition or material classes is under way, and as a corollary thereto patents claiming a composition or material for an art use heretofore classified in the art classes are also being transferred to the appropriate composition or material class. The subsequent notes indicate the extent of this work as of June 1953 and as the remaining use classes are inspected, the article and use patents will be transferred into the appropriate composition or material class.

LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS
ARTICLES DEFINED BY COMPOSITION.
(A) The line in general between this class and the article classes is as follows: Where there are claims to the composition and claims to articles made therefrom, mentioned by name only with no inclusion of structure and defined only in terms of the composition, such patents are classified as originals in the appropriate composition subclasses of this class (106). Patents wherein all the claims are limited to a named article, mentioned by name only with no inclusion of structure and defined only in terms of the composition, are also classified as originals in this class except as noted in "B" below. Where there is claimed significant structure of the article, the patent is classified in the appropriate
class providing for the same whether or not there is also present a claim to the composition (see Note C, below).
(B) See the References to Other Classes, below, for named articles defined only by compositions. Some of the article classes also provide for the composition, per se, when specialized for the article classified therein and these classes are indicated in the succeeding references to the article class and in the notes under the section "Coating or Plastic Compositions Elsewhere Classified".
(C) See References to Other Classes, below, for named articles wherein there is claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to the composition of which the article is composed:
COATING OR PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS ELSEWHERE CLASSIFIED.
(A) The rules for determining Class placement of the Original Reference (OR) for claimed chemical compositions are set forth in the Class Definition of Class 252 in the section L INES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS, subsection COMPOSITION CLASS SUPERIORITY, which includes a hierarchical ORDER OF SUPERIORITY FOR COMPOSITION CLASSES.
(1) Compositions are in general placed in the appropriate composition class whether or not they are claimed broadly or specifically as specialized for a use, property, or function provided for in some other main class, except as noted below under B.
(2) Compositions which are disclosed as having a plurality of uses, properties or functions provided for in different main classes and only a single use, property or function is claimed, are placed in the composition providing for such claimed use, property or function and cross-referenced to other classes for disclosed uses, properties or functions when desirable.
(3) A list of superiority of composition classes appears in the main class definition of Class 252, Compositions, Lines With Other Classes. This note in Class 252 explains classification of a generic composition with several disclosed uses.
The superiority list below is not intended as a complete list and will be expanded or added to as the relationship between other classes containing compositions and the above listed classes is determined.
504, Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions.
71, Chemistry: Fertilizers.
149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges.
44, Fuel and Related Compositions.
148, Metal Treatment.
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions.
252, Compositions (special uses or functions).
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers.
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds.
252, Compositions (nonspecial uses or functions).
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products.
451, Abrading.
(B) For compositions elsewhere classified, see References to Other Classes, below.
MATERIAL OR INGREDIENTS.
See References to Other Classes, below, identified as material or ingredients classes.
PROCESSES OF PREPARING COMPOSITIONS.
(A) The character of compositions included within Class 106 is such that they are generally capable of being prepared in molds or on surfaces. Where the locus of the preparation is merely incidental to the making of the composition, and no significant molding or coating step is claimed, such processes are classified with the composition in this class (106).
(B) See References to Other Classes identified as for processes which include the preparation of coating or plastic compositions.
DEFINITIONS OF ORGANIC CHEMICAL TERMS
For terms such as "heterocyclic", "oxo", "oxy", etc., see the Glossary of Class 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds.

REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, for compositions specialized for use as dyestuffs, and for compositions which (1) react with hide skin, feathers or animal tissues or (2) are specialized for use in the treatment of hides, skins, feathers and animal tissues and do not form a coating thereon. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
30, Cutlery, subclass 345 and 350 for cutting elements. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
44, Fuel and Related Compositions, for fuel compositions not specifically provided for in Classes 48, Gas: Heating and Illuminating and 196, Mineral Oils, and binders specialized for use in briquetting comminuted fuel. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
47, Plant Husbandry, subclass 1 for seed containing compositions and compositions for preserving cut plants. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition, for a composition specialized for use as an abrasive. Patents containing claims to the abrasive function as well as claims to a function or use specifically provided for in Class 106 (e.g., refractory) are placed in this class (106) as originals and cross-referenced to Class 51. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
55, Gas Separation, for filtering media. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
65, Glass Manufacturing, appropriate subclasses for glass working or treating; for the line between these classes, see the line note under the class definition of Class 65. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
71, Chemistry: Fertilizers, for compositions of matter specialized for use as fertilizers. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
101, Printing, 127 for stencils, subclasses 453+ for lithos:graphic printing plates, and subclass 473 for copying elements, per se. (named articles defined only by compositions)
101, Printing, subclass 368 and 398 for printing members or type. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
101, Printing, subclass 424 for anti-smut cleaners,
utilizing detergent compositions. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
117, Single-Crystal, Oriented-Crystal, and Epitaxy Growth Processes; Non-Coating Apparatus Therefor, for processes and non-coating apparatus for growing therein-defined single-crystal of all types of materials, including inorganic or organic, and including those in the form of a coating. Coating apparatus is generally located in Class 118. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
127, Sugar, Starch, and Carbohydrates, subclasses 29-33 for mixtures of sugars, starches and carbohydrates resulting from operations encompassed by said class. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
131, Tobacco, 352 for tobacco compositions, subclasses 300+ for compositions employed in the treatment of tobacco, and subclasses 208, 219, 220, and 230 for compositions for smoking devices. (for compositions elsewhere classified)
131, Tobacco, subclass 359 for tobacco products and compositions, subclasses 219, 220 and 230 for smoking devices and compositions therefor and subclasses 331+ for composition of smoke separators or treaters, per se, disclosed for use with a tobacco user's appliance or article. (named articles defined only by compositions)
132, Toilet, subclass 93 for toothpicks. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
138, Pipes and Tubular Conduits, for for tubular conduits when there is no claim to the composition, per se. (named articles defined only by compositions)
148, Metal Treatment, for compositions specialized for use in the treatment of metal, particularly 240 and 22+. The line between Class 106 and subclass 240+ of Class 148 in regard to coating compositions is as follows: If the coating composition reacts with the metal base whereupon the base supplies any ingredient of the coating formed thereon, such a composition is in Class 148, otherwise in this class (106).(for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges, for compositions of matter specialized for uses or functions embraced within the scope of this class (149).(for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, 100 for fiber
containing compositions which are formed, or intended to be formed by deposition from a liquid suspension. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation, 100 for processes involving deposition of a fiber containing material from a liquid suspension. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
181, Acoustics, subclass 294 for materials characterized by the particular sound absorbing material used to form the product. (named articles defined only by compositions)
188, Brakes, 250 for brake elements. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control, subclass 107 for clutches. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
196, Mineral Oils, for mineral oils, such as, for example, petroleum fractions, asphalt and all mixtures of any mineral oil with another mineral oil within the definition of Class 196, as well as processes of preparing, extracting, or purifying the same. (for materials or ingredients)
200, Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers, subclass 166 for electrical contacts. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, 291 for electrode compositions and subclasses 295+ for diaphragm compositions limited to use in electrolytic apparatus. (named articles defined only by compositions)
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, appropriate subclasses for compositions prepared by electrical or wave energy only, 291 for electrode compositions limited to use in electrolytic apparatus, and subclasses 295+ for diaphragm compositions limited to use in electrolytic apparatus. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses for compositions directed to use in electrolytic processes (e.g., electrolytic plating bath compositions are found in 80, etc.). (named articles defined only by compositions)
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses for compositions directed to use in electrolytic processes (e.g., electrolytic plating bath compositions are found in 80, etc.). (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 524.1 for containers with specified material therein, particularly subclass 524.5 for a container with caustic material content. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products, 4 and 14+ for coating or plastic compositions containing as ingredients only mineral oils. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids, appropriate subclass for processes of classifying solid materials, even though for the purpose of making plastic compositions, which are distinct from the composition. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
210, Liquid Purification or Separation, 500.1 for filters for use in liquid purification. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
210, Liquid Purification of Separation, 500.1 for filters for use in liquid purification and compositions therefor. (named articles defined only by compositions)
215, Bottles and Jars, 200 for closures. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
217, Wooden Receptacles, subclass 3 for linings claimed in combination with wood receptacles. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
219, Electric Heating, 145.1 and 146.1+ for welding electrodes for arc or for gas welding. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
238, Railways: Surface Track, 84 for railway ties, and subclass 150 for rails. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, 291 for comminuting elements. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration, subclasses 1-30 for comminuting processes and see section 2 of the class definition of that class for the line. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding, 615 and 157.1+ for guides for directing indefinite length, running material. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
249, Static Molds, 134 for a static mold comprising significant structure and composition thereof. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
252, Compositions, 62.51 of Class 252 provides for magnets defined only by their composition and for compositions specialized and designed for use as magnetic materials. Subclasses 181.1+ and the classes specified in the Notes thereto, provide for compositions and materials for use as getters (e.g., a material designed to eliminate unwanted gases from a sealed envelope) and for materials designed to generate a gas or vapor within the envelope of an electric lamp or electronic tube. Subclasses 625+ provides for radio active materials. Subclasses 301.16 - 301.6 provide for luminescent materials. Subclass 478 provides for materials specialized for use as shields against X-ray and other similar radiations. Subclass 500 provides for compositions specialized for use as electrical conductors and emitters and such devices defined solely by their composition. Such compositions and devices include electron emissive compositions, electrodes, filaments, and shields for electric lamp and electric space discharge devices, resistances, brushes, contacts, switches and welding electrodes. Subclasses 570+ provide for a normally fluent dielectric composition. Solid dielectric compositions, including a mass of fluent solids are classified herein, when appropriate, or in the 520 Classes, Synthetic Resins, except in the case of a web or sheet impregnated with a defined fluent dielectric, which is classified in Class 252, subclass 567. (named articles defined only by compositions)
252, Compositions, is the generic class for compositions of matter. (1) Where a use, property or function provided for in Class 252 is claimed, the composition belongs in Class 252. See the notes to the main class definition of Class 252 for references to other classes having nonplastic or noncoating compositions: (2) See the reference to Class 252 in (1) Note, Part B, for the coating and plastic compositions included in Class 252. Patent discloses species, all of which belong in Class 523, 1 and claims broadly a composition which is not limited to the subject matter of said classes, the patent is placed in Class 520 in the subclasses first appearing therein provided for the disclosed species. Patents containing composition claims differing in scope only, some of which standing alone, belong in Class 106, and some in Class 520 are placed as originals and cross-referenced to Class 106 when desirable. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, its daughter Classes 530-570 and Class 585, Chemistry, Hydrocarbons for single carbon compounds, including mixtures of carbon compounds resulting from a reaction or synthesis provided for in said class, which are new, even though they have a claimed utility, property or function provided for in this class (106), and processes of preparing carbon compounds. Class 260, etc., includes compositions which contain definite chemical compounds of dyestuff or pigment compounds with metals. Carbons coloring compounds which are produced in the presence of a preformed substratum, wherein novelty is alleged to reside in the combination or in the amount, form or nature of the substratum, are in this class (106); however, where the substratum is synthesized simultaneously with the carbon compound, the product belongs in class 260 Classes 530-570 or Class 585. (for materials or ingredients)
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, 219 for processes within the class definition, including the step of making the mold (including mold making, per se), and subclasses 337+ pertaining to the use of particular mold materials. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes, for processes of molding or shaping compositions of matter which include significant molding or shaping operation. The line between this class (106) and Class 264 is as follows: Class 106 takes processes of making compositions within the class definition even though including the step of molding, when such step is claimed broadly. Broad references to extruding, spinning into a setting medium (without naming the medium) or sheeting in a claim to the preparation of a composition of matter, are considered broad molding steps. Also the statement that heat and pressure are used during the molding, whether or not specific temperatures or specific pressures are recited, is not considered sufficient of itself to take a patent claiming a process of preparing a composition out of this class (106). For a more detailed discussion of the line between Class 264 and the composition classes see the definition of Class 264. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, subclass 280 for linings especially designed for use in metallurgical furnaces. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
266, Metallurgical Apparatus, 280 for linings specially designed for use in metallurgical furnaces. (named articles defined only by compositions)
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems, subclass 400 for a composition of this class having a
permanent electric charge, that is, an electret. (named articles defined only by compositions)
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure, 252 for electrical brushes. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, subclass 109, 137, 180, 329, 373, 399, and 413 for electrical contacts for use in electrothermal and thermal switches. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
338, Electrical Resistors, subclass 244, 245, 248, 250, 257, 262+, 269, and 275 for electrical resistors with a coated casing or a casing formed on and hardened on the resistors, and subclasses 308+ for resistors whose element is coated on a base. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
349, Liquid Crystal Cells, Elements and Systems, 182 for a liquid crystal optical element with a specified composition. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, 321 for an optical modulator with significant composition, subclasses 490+ for polarizing by dichroic medium and subclass 500 for polarization by birefringent element of particular material. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
359, Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements, 885 for optical absorption filters. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval, 131 for magnetic records. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 271 condensers. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices, 271 for condensers including a dielectric composition, even though the dielectric composition is claimed, per se. (named articles defined only by compositions)
366, Agitating, 2 for physical processes of mixing mortars and asphaltic and hydraulic cement concrete which are clearly distinct from the composition. (processes including
preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval, 272 for sound records with detail of information bearing structure. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces, 74 subclass 18 for arc furnace electrodes and subclasses 137, 155 and 164 for electrode furnace linings. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
384, Bearings, 276 for sleeves, or liners. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus, appropriate subclasses for the combination of a Class 106, composition (or process) with structure (or steps) peculiar to road building. See note to Class 106, under the class definition Class 404. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
404, Road Structure, Process, or Apparatus appropriate subclasses for the combination of a Class 106, composition (or process) with structure (or steps) peculiar to road building. See note to Class 106, under the class definition of Class 404. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses for molds claimed solely in terms of the metal or alloy of which they are composed. (named articles defined only by compositions)
420, Alloys or Metallic Compositions, appropriate subclasses for compositions which contain a continuous phase of metal. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
423, Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds, for materials or ingredients which are a single inorganic compound and processes for their manufacture involving a chemical reaction. For the general line between Class 423 and the composition classes see the notes under subclass 265 of that class (423). (for materials or ingredients)
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, appropriate subclasses for a composition specialized as a medicine or poison and especially subclasses 59-74 for a composition to be applied to a living body (e.g., sun tanning cream, lipstick, hair waving lotion, etc.). (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and
Products, appropriate subclasses, especially 70 for edible compositions including those intended for use in coating, impregnating or treating foods. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
427, Coating Processes. The line between Classes 106 and 427 is as follows: If a patent claims a coating composition and also claims a process of coating, the patent is classified in Class 427 if the process is "significant", and in Class 106 if the process is not "significant". For a definition of "significant" process see the class definition of Class 427. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles. Except for subject matter classifiable in Class 428, 544, the line between this class (106) and Class 428 is as follows: A patent containing a claim to a product classifiable in Class 428, but with no significant structural limitation recited, and a claim to a coating material of the Class 106 type, which material is included as at least part of the claimed product, it is classified in Class 106 on the basis of the coating material. If the patent also has a claim to a process of coating including a significant method step, the patent is classified in Class 428. Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class for the general relationship between Class 428 and the composition classes. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet and particularly 98 for a structurally defined web or sheet; subclass 221 for a web or sheet having a structurally defined element or component; subclasses 357+ for a coated or structurally defined element (e.g., strand, fiber, flake, or filament), or a mass thereof and subclasses 411+ for a composite web or sheet in which the composition of at least one layer is specified. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process, for compositions of matter limited to use in electrochemical batteries, especially 188 for electrolytic compositions, and subclasses 247+ for separator compositions. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
429, Chemistry: Electrical Current Producing Apparatus, Product, and Process, 247 for battery separator which may be mentioned by name only. (named articles defined only by compositions)
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, appropriate subclasses for radiation sensitive and post imagery compositions. (named articles
defined only by compositions)
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, appropriate subclass for articles provided for by the class. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof, for compositions of matter which are specialized for use as a radiation image sensitizing agent and post imaging treating agent. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
432, Heating, 1 for a residual process of heating or calcining an object or material which is clearly distinct from the composition. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
433, Dentistry, 167 for an artificial tooth or denture; and subclasses 215+ for a method of restoring a natural tooth by using a specific coating or plastic composition. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
452, Butchering, subclass 72 for composition for use in removing feathers and hair from fowls and animals in the preparation of the carcasses for food. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
492, Roll or Roller, 53 and 57+ for the disclosure of specific compositions of a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)
492, Roll or Roller, 53 and 57+ for the disclosure of specific compositions of a roll, per se, not elsewhere provided for. (named articles defined only by compositions)
501, Composition: Ceramic, for articles defined solely by composition, which composition is a ceramic material. (for named articles defined only by compositions)
504, Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions, for compositions of matter specialized for use as plant catalysts or stimulants. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions is the generic class for lubricants. As between Class 106 and Class 508, the following line is followed. Where the composition is disclosed as a lubricant, whether or not other uses are disclosed, the composition belongs in Class 508 if claimed
only broadly or if claimed as a lubricant. (for coating or plastic compositions elsewhere classified)
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant or Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral oil Compositions, for lubricant packs and compositions therefor, particularly 100 for bearings or guides mentioned by name only and defined solely by the composition of which they are composed. (for named articles defined only by compositions)
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, 130 for a composition having utility in consolidating a formation in a well or in cementing a well or to processes of preparing said composition and Class 524, subclasses 2+ for a water settable inorganic composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber. (for named articles defined only by compositions)
588, Hazardous or Toxic Waste Destruction or Containment, subclass 257 for methods of containing hazardous or toxic waste in a Class 106 composition. (processes including preparation of coating or plastic compositions)
602, Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage, 5 for splints. (class for named articles with claimed significant structure of the article whether or not there are claims to article's composition)

Metal-depositing composition or substrate-sensitizing compositions for metal-depositing compositions:
Coating or plastic compositions from which metal is deposited as a coating, usually by chemical precipitation.
(1) Note. Included in this subclass are metal-coating compositions (metalization) for coating of metallic and nonmetallic substrates by processes such as electroless metal-deposition process, hot dipping (tinplate, galvanizing), metal spraying, electrophoresis, vacuum or vapor deposition, oxide reduction, cementation, etc.
(2) Note. Each of the subclasses 1.05, 1.11-1.19, and 1.21-1.29 provide for metal-coating compositions other than subclass 1.11, which is directed to compositions for activating or sensitizing substrates (metal or nonmetal), for subsequent metal coating with metal-containing compositions of subclasses 1.05, 1.12-1.19 and 1.21-1.29. Activating or sensitizing compositions are generally coupled to the electroless metal-deposition process and compositions therefrom.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, for metal treating of base metals to alter their physical or chemical properties.
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, 291 for electrode compositions and subclasses 295+ for diaphragm compositions limited to use in electrolytic apparatus.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, 80 for an electrolytic coating process or a composition used therefor.
252, Compositions, 181.1 for compositions and materials for use as getters for electric lamps, electric space-discharge devices and similar evacuation of gas-filled containers or for generating a gas or vapor within the containers of an electric lamp, and electric space-discharge device or similar containers. The getter material or gas or vapor generated is sometimes a metal and is intended to be deposited as a coating upon the walls or other parts of the lamp or discharge device.
427, Coating Processes, including electroless processes of metal consisting of metal or nonmetal substrates.

Sensitizing composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter which is directed to compositions for activating or sensitizing substrates (metal or nonmetal) which art to be subsequently subjected to metal-coating compositions generally using the electroless metal-deposition process.

Metal-depositing composition contains mixtures of elemental metal and a metal compound other than solely as a Group IA metal compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter involving a metal-depositing composition containing a mixture of elemental metal and a metal compound and wherein the metal portion of said compound contains a metal other than solely as a Group IA (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Ra) metal.

Elemental metal is a Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au) Metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.12. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is a Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au) metal.

Elemental metal is Ag:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is silver (Ag).

Elemental metal is a noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.12. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is a noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt).

Elemental metal is a Group IIB (Zn, Cd, Hg) metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.12. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is a metal of Group IIB (Zn, Cd, Hg).

Elemental metal is Zn:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.16. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is zinc (Zn).

Metal-depositing composition contains elemental metal of Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter involving a metal-coating composition containing an elemental metal of Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au).

Elemental metal is Ag:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.18. Subject matter wherein the elemental metal is silver (Ag).

Metal composition contains elemental noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter involving a metal-coating composition containing an elemental noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Os, In, Pt).

Metal-depositing composition contains mixtures of metal compounds other than solely as Group IA metal compounds. e.g., electroless:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter wherein the metal-depositing composition contains mixtures of metal compounds and wherein at least two metal compounds contain metal atoms other than Group IA metal compounds generally used in the electroless metal deposition process.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1.11 for activating or sensitizing substrates for metalizing said substrates with metal-containing compositions by the electroless metal deposition process.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
427, Coating Processes, for a process of coating substrates by an electroless metal-deposition process.

At least one metal is a Group IB (Cu, Ag, Au) metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.22. Subject matter wherein at least one metal atom of said mixture of metal compounds is a Group IA (Cu, Ag, Au) metal atom.

At least one metal is a noble metal of a Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt) metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.22. Subject matter wherein at least one metal atom of said mixture of metal compounds is a noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt).

Metal-depositing composition contains polyvalent metal compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. Subject matter wherein a metal-depositing composition contains a polyvalent metal compound.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
1.11 for sensitizing or activating compositions for substrates to be subsequently treated with a polyvalent metal-depositing composition.

Group IB (Cu, Au) metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.25. Subject matter wherein the polyvalent metal portion of said compound is a polyvalent metal of Group IB (Cu, Au).

Group VIII metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.25. Subject matter wherein the polyvalent metal portion of said compound is a polyvalent metal of Group VIII (Fe, Co, Ni).

Group VIII noble metal (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt):
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.27. Subject matter wherein the polyvalent metal is a noble metal of Group VIII (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt).

Group IIB (Zn, Cd, Hg) metal:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.25. Subject matter wherein the polyvalent metal is a Group IIB (Zn, Cd, Hg) metal atom.

Coating or plastic compositions specially designed for use in the prevention of the adherence of a coating material to a surface.
(1) Note. This subclass includes anti-smut compositions.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
101, Printing, subclass 130 and subclasses 135 to 146 for apparatus for printing dependent on the use of ink repellent surfaces, subclasses 450+ for processes of printing, subclasses 453+ for lithos:graphic printing plates, subclasses 463+ for lithos:graphic plate making, and subclasses 416.1+ for anti-smut devices.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus, 90 for plastic or fluent material molding apparatus combined with means to apply a parting (i.e., repellent, etc.) material, many of which disclose specifics of the composition.

Coating or plastic compositions, known as polishes, specially designed for use in producing a luster or sheen on a surface which may be applied by rubbing or burnishing. This subclass and indented subclasses include furniture polish, shoe polish, floor polish, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 104.93 for fabrics coated or saturated with a polish for use as wipers, daubers or polishers.
51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition, for a polishing composition wherewith polishing is accomplished solely by an abradant.
510, Cleaning, Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the
Compositions, appropriate subclasses for cleaning compositions which include a particulate polishing component or which deposit a polishlike coating component on the cleaned surface (e.g., subclass 256, 400, etc.).
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 167 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber. having utility in the manufacturing or repairing of shoes or to processes of preparing said composition.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which a protein is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.53 124+, 614+, and 645+, for other compositions containing proteins or derivatives.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which a carbohydrate or reaction product thereof is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.36 31.69+, 126+, 139+, 150, 151, 157, 158, 162+, 617, 687, 729+, 779+, and 804+, for other compositions containing carbohydrates or derivatives.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which is natural resin or reaction product thereof is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
16 31.4, 31.72, 133, 144, 152, 156, 160, 172, 173.1, 200, 207, 212, 216, 218+, 622, 660, for other compositions containing natural resin or derivative.

This subclass is indented under subclass 6. Compositions in the preparation of which a fatty oil is employed.
(1) Note. The term "varnish" when broadly used is presumed to include a mixture of natural resin with a drying oil, and patents drawn to compositions containing "varnish" recited broadly are classified upon this basis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
17 31.34, 172, and 220+, for other compositions containing a natural resin or derivative with a fatty oil.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which a fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 31.34+, 131, 132, 142, 143, 159, 171, 172, 199, 206, 211, 215, 219+, 243+, 620+, and 661+, for other compositions containing a fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof.

This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Compositions in the preparation of which a fatty oil is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
18 31.34, 132, 143, 159, 171, 199, 206, 211, 215, 220+, 244+, 620+, and 661+, for other compositions containing fatty oil.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which a wax, a bituminous material or
tarry residue is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.29 134, 145, 152, 156, 160, 191, 201, 202, 207, 212, 216, 224, 225, 230, 231, 232+, 245, 246+, 269, 270+, 273.1, 622, and 660, for other compositions containing wax, bituminous material or tarry residue.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, appropriate subclasses for cleaning compositions which include wax as one of the components (e.g., 201, 222, 347, etc.), although the wax may or may not be retained on the cleaned substrate.

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Compositions in the preparation of which a hydrocarbon is employed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.88 191, 227, 234, 239, 265, 267, and 285, for other compositions containing hydrocarbons.

Coating or plastic compositions specially designed for saturating or indurating solid base material.
(1) Note. Compositions found in this subclass are those which do not, by themselves, usually form hard, adherent films but exert a hardening or indurating action on the base.
(2) Note. Most of the compositions in this subclass are compositions for saturating and hardening siliceous and calcareous substances, e.g., concrete.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
252, Compositions, 601 for impregnating compositions which exert a fireproofing action.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, appropriate subclass for a composition, biocidal or repellent to pest life, i.e., insects, rodents, microorganisms, etc. and which may saturate a substrate such as paper, wood or
textile, etc.

Coating or plastic compositions specialized for use in preventing the formation of a fog, frost or ice on a surface, usually the surface of a window.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
15, Brushing, Scrubbing, and General Cleaning, 104.93 for fabrics impregnated with a frost preventing composition to be used as wipers, daubers, or polishers.
252, Compositions, subclass 70 for other frost preventing compositions.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, particularly Class 523, subclass 169 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber having utility to preserve visibility through a windshield or other optical device by preventing the buildup of fog or by rendering the surface hydrophobia, thereby causing the surface to repel water or to processes of preparation thereof.

Corrosion inhibiting coating composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. COATING OR PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS (unnumbered subclass preceding ... ) specifically designed for inhibiting corrosion of metal other than mere exclusion of air or other corrosive influences.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
148, Metal Treatment, 240 for chemical modification of a metal involving the use of a corrosion inhibiting composition.
252, Compositions, 387 for preservative agents and compositions containing anticorrosion agents.
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, 7 for processes of preserving metals or metallic surfaces against corrosion by maintaining the environment noncorrosive; and subclasses 14+ wherein the environment is water.
427, Coating Processes, for coating substrates using a composition containing a corrosion inhibitor.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, coated with a
composition containing a corrosion inhibitor.

Contains water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains water.

Phosphorus material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.11. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting agent contains a phosphorus atom.

Carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol or sulfur or metal derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.11. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol, sulfur, or metal derivative.

Inorganic material other than water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.13. Subject matter wherein said composition also contains an inorganic material other than water, e.g., inorganic salts, inorganic fillers, metal, sulfur, etc.

Organic nitrogen-containing material, e.g., amine, amide, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.11. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains an organic nitrogen-containing material, e.g., organic amine, amide, etc.

Heterocyclic nitrogen-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.15. Subject matter wherein the organic nitrogen-containing material contains at least one nitrogen atom in a hetero ring compound, e.g., pyridine or pyrrolidone-type compound, etc.

Inorganic material other than water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.16. Subject matter wherein said composition also contains an inorganic material other than water.

Amine salt of carboxylic acid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.15. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains an amine salt of a carboxylic acid, e.g., triethanolamine oleate, etc.

Inorganic material or elemental component thereof, e.g., s, metal, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.11. Subject matter wherein said corrosion inhibitor coating composition contains an inorganic material.

Contains animal, vegetable, fish oil or a fraction or derivative thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains an animal, vegetable or fish oil or fraction or a derivative thereof.

Carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol or metal or sulfur or amine or amide derivative thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.22. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol, sulfur, metal, amine, or amide derivative.

Carboxylic acid, ester, or amine or amide derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.23. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a carboxylic acid, ester, amine, or amide derivative of said carboxylic acid.

Inorganic material or elemental component thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.22. Subject matter wherein a component of said corrosion inhibiting composition contains an inorganic material or elemental component thereof.

Contains petroleum oil or a fraction thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a petroleum oil or liquid fractions thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14.34 for solid petroleum wax is part of a corrosion inhibiting composition.

Carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol or sulfur or metal derivative thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.26. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol, sulfur, or metal
derivative thereof.

Metal salt of carboxylic acid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, e.g., sodium stearate, etc.

Metal salt of sulfonic acid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a metal salt of a sulfonic acid, e.g., Na petroleum sulfonate, etc.

Organic nitrogen-containing material, e.g., amine, amide, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.26. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains an organic nitrogen-containing material, e.g., amine, amide, etc.

Inorganic material or elemental component thereof, e.g., S, metal, etc.:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.26. Subject matter wherein a component of said petroleum oil-containing composition is an inorganic material or elemental component thereof.

Contains wax, bitumen, asphalt, gum, natural resin, varnish, lacquer, or paint:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition or a
component thereof contains wax, bitumen, asphalt, gum, natural resin, varnish, lacquer, or paint.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
14.26 for a liquid petroleum fraction which is part of a corrosion inhibiting composition.

Carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol or sulfur or metal derivative:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.34. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a carboxylic acid, ester, alcohol, sulfur, or metal derivative thereof.

Metal salt of carboxylic acid:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.35. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a metal salt of a carboxylic acid.

Organic nitrogen-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.34. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a nitrogen-containing material, e.g., amine, amide, etc.

Organic sulfur-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.34. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting composition contains a sulfur-containing material, e.g., organic sulfide, sulfonate, etc.

Inorganic material or elemental component thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.34. Subject Matter wherein a component of said composition is an inorganic material or elemental component thereof.

Contains mixture of at least two organic compounds:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting coating compositions contains at least two organic compounds.

Organic nitrogen-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.41. Subject matter wherein at least one of the organic compounds is an organic nitrogen-containing compound, e.g., amine, amide, etc.

Organic sulfur-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.41. Subject matter wherein at least one of the organic compounds is an organic sulfur-containing compound.

Contains mixture of organic material and at least one inorganic material or elemental component thereof:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.05. Subject matter wherein the corrosion inhibiting coating composition contains at least one organic material and at least one inorganic material or elemental component thereof.

Elemental S or inorganic sulfur-containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 14.44. Subject matter wherein the inorganic material is elemental sulfur or an inorganic sulfur-containing compound, e.g., CS[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt], Na[subscrpt]2[end subscrpt]S,
etc.

Coating or plastic compositions specially designed for producing sheets or surfaces for receiving the negative design in copy printing and usually serving as a member for which to print a large number of copies.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
311 and other appropriate subclasses below, for duplicator fluids, that is, solvents which may be applied to the hectograph surface or the copy sheet.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
101, Printing, subclass 131 for apparatus employing copy compositions; subclass 468 for hectographs and processes of use.
427, Coating Processes, subclass 144 for processes of applying a uniform coating to a base disclosed as useful in making hectos:graphic copying surfaces.

Contains fireproofing or biocidal agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 1.05. COATING OR PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS (unnumbered subclass preceding ... ) containing an agent or material specifically designed to render the coating or plastic composition resistant to the effects of fire or unwarranted organisms.
(1) Note. Patents in this area have been placed away into the first appearing subclass of the classification schedule that provides for any part of the fireproofed or biocidal containing plastic composition. No attempt has been made to classify on the particular agent in the coating or plastic composition which may provide the desired fireproofing or biocidal effect.
(2) Note. Included herein are repellants, biocides, biostats, etc.
(3) Note. The organisms protected against may be microscopic or macroscopic.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
252, Compositions, 2 for fire-extinguishing compositions; and subclass 8.1 for fireproofing compositions.
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions, for a pest repelling composition, per se, and for certain coated substrates wherein the substrate functions as an applicator or carrier for the composition and wherein the general intent is to provide a pesticidal or pest-repelling effect rather than a means to protect the carrier or substrate.
428, Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles, appropriate subclasses for a stock material product in the form of a single layer having significant structure, or plural layers webs or sheets; and especially 920 for a cross-reference art collection product which is resistant against plant or animal attack.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 122 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber and an ingredient which prevents the commencement of biocidal deterioration from fungi, bacteria, or other organisms; and subclass 179 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber and having utility as an ablative or intumescent coating composition or to processes of preparing said compositions.

This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Compositions in the preparation of which a natural resin or derivative is employed.
(1) Note. See this class, the subclasses including "natural resin or derivative" or "resinous material" in the titles thereof, for other compositions containing natural resin or derivatives.

This subclass is indented under subclass 16. Compositions in the preparation of which a fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof is employed.
(1) Note. See this class, the subclasses including "natural resin or derivative with fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof" in the titles thereof for other compositions containing natural resin or derivatives and a fat, fatty- oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof.

This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Compositions in the preparation of which a fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof is employed.
(1) Note. See this class, subclasses including "fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof" in the titles thereof for other compositions containing a fat, fatty oil, fatty oil acid or salt thereof.

Contains fireproofing agent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a specific material which renders it resistant to fire.

Silicon containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a silicon-containing material.

Boron containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a boron-containing material.

Phosphorus containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a phosphorus-containing material.

Nitrogen-containing phosphorus compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.14. Subject matter wherein phosphorus is in the form of phosphorus compound containing a nitrogen atom.

Inorganic compound contains a phosphorus and a nitrogen atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.15. Subject matter wherein the phosphorus-containing nitrogen compound is inorganic in nature.

Contains phosphorus directly bonded to nitrogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.15. Subject matter wherein the phosphorus-containing nitrogen compound has at least one nitrogen atom directly bonded to a phosphorus atom.

Phosphorus compound is organic:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.14. Subject matter wherein the phosphorus is in the form of an organic compound.

Phosphorus compound which is organic contains halogen:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.18. Subject matter wherein the organic phosphorus compound contains at least one halogen atom.

With halogen-containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.18. Subject matter wherein the organic phosphorus compound is in
admixture with a halogen-containing compound.

Nitrogen-containing organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains an organic compound which has at least one nitrogen atom therein.

Nitrogen compound contains a sulfur atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.21. Subject matter wherein the organic nitrogen compound contains at least one sulfur atom.

Elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains sulfur in elemental form or as part of a sulfur-containing organic compound.

Halogen-containing organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a halogen-containing organic compound.

With at least one inorganic material which is other than water:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.24. Subject matter wherein the organic halogen-containing compound is in admixture with at least one inorganic material, and wherein when water is present there is additionally present a different inorganic material.

Metal-containing material:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.11. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains at least one metal atom-containing material.

Group IIB metal atom (Zn, Cd, Hg):
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.26. Subject matter wherein a Group IIB metal atom (Zn, Cd, Hg) is present.

Group VA metal atom (As, Sb, Bi):
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.26. Subject matter wherein a Group VA metal atom (As, Sb, Bi) is present.

Wax containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a wax.
(1) Note. The wax may be of any origin.

Boron containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a boron-containing material.

Phosphorus containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a phosphorus-containing material.

Nitrogen-containing compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a nitrogen-containing compound.

Nitrogen compound contains a sulfur atom:
This subclass is indented under subclass 18.32. Subject matter wherein the nitrogen compound contains at least one sulfur atom.

Elemental sulfur or sulfur-containing organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains sulfur in elemental form or as part of a sulfur-containing organic compound.

Halogen-containing organic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains a halogen-containing organic compound.

Group IIB metal containing (Zn, Cd, Hg):
This subclass is indented under subclass 15.05. Subject matter wherein the coating or plastic composition contains at least one Group II metal atom (Zn, Cd, Hg).

Marking:
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Coating or plastic compositions which are specialized for use in producing characters and indicia by means of marking, writing, printing, etc.
(1) Note. Search appropriate subclasses for similar compositions not designed for use as marking compositions.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, 49 for pencils wherein significant structure of the pencil is claimed
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 164 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber having utility as the writing material in a lead pencil or crayon or to processes of preparing said composition.

Odor masked, odor reduced, or perfumed compositions:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions which contain components which are odor masking, odor reducing, or perfuming.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing, subclass 5 for deodorizing process.
512, Perfume Compositions, for perfume compositions, per se.

Composition for marking live animal or plant, or for marking animal derived products (e.g., animal skins, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions used for marking living animals or plants, or for marking animal derived products.

Reflecting composition for marking pavement or sign:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Reflecting coating or plastic compositions for marking pavement or signs.

Composition for marking an inorganic settable or ceramic object (e.g., for marking cement or glass, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions for marking an inorganic settable or ceramic object.

Composition for marking metal or metal product:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic composition for marking metal or metal products.

Indelible crayon:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions used as crayon, whose markings are indelible.

Wax containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.07. Coating or plastic compositions containing wax.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.1 for erasable crayon composition containing wax.
31.12 for pencil lead compositions containing wax.
31.29 for inks, containing organic dye, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.
31.61 for inks containing pigments, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.

Erasable crayon (i.e., washable or removable crayon):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions used as crayon whose markings are erasable (i.e., washable or removable)

Wax containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.09. Coating or plastic compositions containing wax.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.08 for indelible crayon compositions containing wax.
31.12 for pencil lead compositions containing wax.
31.29 for inks, containing organic dye, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.
31.61 for inks, containing pigments, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.

Pencil leads:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions used as pencil leads.

Wax containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.11. Coating or plastic compositions containing wax.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.08 for indelible crayon compositions containing wax.
31.1 for erasable crayon compositions containing wax.
31.29 for inks, containing organic dye, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.
31.61 for inks, containing pigments, that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.

Inks:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.01. Coating or plastic compositions specially designed for use as inks to be used for producing characters, by means of writing, printing, or marking.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing: Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, 445 for textile printing pastes.
206, Special Receptacle or Package, subclass 5 for infusion packages or receptacles containing ink.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply, 209 for the combination of a ballpoint pen and ink.
516, Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting, subclass 901 for a collection of art under the Class definition which discloses subject matter relating to a colloid system comprising substantially pure elemental Carbon in one of its various forms such as graphite, lamp black, carbon black, fullerenes.
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 160 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber having utility as an ink for glass or for ceramic substrates; subclass 161 for a ballpoint pen or a typewriter ink composition, or for processes of preparing said compositions.

Invisible:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.13. Coating or plastic compositions specifically designed to be an invisible ink, which may be activated by any known means to produce a visible ink (e.g., by the action of heat, light, or other subsequent treatment).

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 161 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber having utility as an invisible ink or to processes of preparing said composition.

Fluorescent:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.14. Compositions which radiate unpolarized light when illuminated.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
252, Compositions, subclasses 301.16-301.35, 301.36, 301.4 to 301.6, and 625 for compositions containing a fluorescent or phosphorescent material, becoming visible when subjected to subsequent excitation (e.g., ultraviolet light.)

Chromogenic (i.e., color formation by reaction of color former with color developer):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.14. Compositions which develop a color by contacting a color former compound (electron donor) with a color developer compound (electron acceptor) in a manner to cause reaction.

Specified developer (i.e., electron acceptor):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.16. Compositions where the developer (electron acceptor) is identified.

Phenolic hydroxy compound as the developer:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.17. Compositions wherein the specified developer is a phenolic hydroxy compound.
(1) Note. A phenolic hydroxy compound is a compound wherein a hydroxy group is bonded directly to a substituted or unsubstituted benzene ring.

With specified color former:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.18. Compositions where the color former (electron donator, proton accepting component) is identified.
(1) Note. An example of a color former is malachite green lactone.

Specified color former (i.e., electron donating):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.18. Compositions where the color former (electron donating or proton accepting) is identified.

The color former contains a heterocyclic oxygen ring:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.2. Compositions wherein the color former contains a heterocyclic ring having a ring oxygen atom.
(1) Note. A heterocyclic oxygen ring herein is a ring that contains carbon, oxygen, and optionally nitrogen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium as the only ring members.

Fluoran or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.21. Compositions wherein the color former contains a fluoran or derivative thereof.

Erasable composition:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.14. Compositions which have the ability to be removed (erased).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.32 for inks containing organic dye and features (to include, i.e., erasable, purified, fugitive, indicative, conductive, fluorescent, chromogenic, or magnetic).
31.34 for inks (containing a pigment) which are erasable, purified, fugitive, indicative, conductive, fluorescent, chromogenic or magnetic.

Protein, carbohydrate, or wax containing
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.14. Compositions containing one of the substances protein, carbohydrate, or wax.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.53 for inks containing organic dye and a protein or derivative.
31.82 for inks containing pigment and a protein or derivative.
31.94 for marking compositions containing carbohydrate, protein, or derivative.

Emulsion:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.13. Compositions which are in the form of an emulsion.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
252, Compositions, 306 for emulsions, per se (i.e., not used as an ink).

Water in oil:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.25. Compositions wherein the emulsion is water in oil.

Organic dye containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.13. Compositions wherein a dye in the ink composition is an organic dye.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
8, Bleaching and Dyeing: Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers, for other compositions to be used for dyeing.

With pigment:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions further containing a pigment.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
24.00 for inks containing a pigment.
24.33 for inks containing an inorganic pigment.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:
106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic, 400 for pigment, filler, or aggregate compositions.

Hot melt type or wax containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions having the characteristic of being hot melt type ink compositions or containing wax.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.08 for indelible crayon compositions containing wax.
31.1 for erasable crayon compositions containing wax.
31.12 for pencil lead compositions containing wax.
31.61 for inks containing pigments that also are the hot melt type or wax-containing.

Petroleum derivative containing (e.g., paraffin or
microcrystalline, wax, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.29. Compositions containing a petroleum derivative (e.g., paraffin or microcrystalline wax, etc.).

Natural wax containing (e.g., carnauba, montan, Japan, candelilla, etc.):
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.29. Compositions containing a natural wax, (e.g., carnauba, montan, Japan, candelilla, etc.).

Erasable, purified, correctable, fugitive, indicator, conductive, fluorescent, chromogenic, or magnetic compound:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions having the characteristic of being erasable purified, correctable, fugitive, indicative, conductive, fluorescent, chromogenic or magnetic in nature.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.23 for invisible inks that are erasable compositions.
31.84 for inks, containing a pigment, which are erasable, purified, correctable, fugitive, indicator, conductive, fluorescent, chromogenic, or magnetic.

Specified particle size or coated particle containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions containing a particle of a specified size or which contain coated particles.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.65 for pigmented ink containing a particle of a specified size or containing coated particles.

Fat, fatty oil, fatty acid, or derivative thereof
containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions containing fat, fatty oil, fatty acid, or derivative thereof (e.g., castor oil).
(1) Note. Many of the patents in this subclass and indented subclasses are for printing inks.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.66 for inks containing pigments and fat, fatty oil, fatty acid, or derivative thereof.

Fatty acid or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.34. Compositions containing a fatty acid or fatty acid derivative.

Carbohydrate or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions containing carbohydrate or derivative thereof (e.g., dextrin, etc.).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.24 for invisible inks containing protein, carbohydrate, or wax.
31.68 for pigment containing inks with carbohydrate or derivative thereof.
31.94 for marking compositions containing carbohydrate, protein, or derivative thereof.

Cellulose or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.36. Compositions containing cellulose or derivative.

Carbohydrate gum containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.36. Compositions containing carbohydrate gum.
(1) Note. Examples of carbohydrate gum, are gum Arabic, xanthan gum, and guar gum.

Starch containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.36. Compositions containing starch.

Natural resin or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions containing natural resin or derivative thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.72 for pigmented inks which contain a natural resin or derivative thereof.
31.96 for marking compositions containing natural resin or derivative thereof.

Resin or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.4. Compositions containing rosin or derivative thereof.

Shellac or derivative containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.4. Compositions containing shellac or derivative thereof.

Organic nitrogen compound containing:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.27. Compositions which contain an organic nitrogen compound.
(1) Note. An organic nitrogen compound is a compound wherein nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to carbon of an organic compound by nonionic bonding

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:
31.75 for pigmented ink containing an organic nitrogen compound, wherein the organic nitrogen compound may or may not be the pigment.
31.97 for marking compositions containing an organic nitrogen or organic sulfur compound.

Anthraquinone attached directly or indirectly to the nitrogen by nonionic bonding:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.43. Subject matter wherein the nitrogen is attached directly or indirectly to an anthraquinone ring system by nonionic bonding.

The nitrogen is part of a cyano group:
This subclass is indented under subclass 31.43. Subject matter wherein the nitrogen is in a cyano group.