This is the generic class for data processing apparatus and
corresponding methods for the retrieval of data stored in a database
or as computer files.
This class provides for data processing means or steps for
organizing and inter-relating data or files (e.g., relational, network,
hierarchical, and entity-relationship models).
This class also provides for data processing means or steps
for generic data, file and directory upkeeping, file naming, and
file and database maintenance including integrity consideration,
recovery, and versioning.
Class 707 is structured into three main divisions:
A. Database and file accessing.
B. Database schema and data structure.
C. File and database maintenance.
See Subclass References to the Current Class, below, for the
location of subclasses within these three main divisions.
RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CLASSES
A. Database and File Accessing
(1)
Note. This class area is directed to computerized database
and file accessing and retrieval, including hierarchical, bit-mapped
and flat indexing, hashing, stapling, containerizing, and other
methods. Accessing and control of a memory, per se, is classified
elsewhere. See the search class notes in References to Other Classes, below.
(2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
the business data processing is classified in the business art.
See search class notes in References to Other Classes, below.
(3)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class is classified
herein. Particular fields of use of database technology performing
in combination with the basic subject matter of another class to
effect some end other than mere information accessing or retrieval,
is classified with the subject matter of the other class, unless
specifically excluded therefrom. See the search class notes in References
to Other Classes, below.
(4)
Note. This class area is directed to generic methods and apparatus
for accessing and retrieving data housed in either databases or files.
The generic steps to access and retrieve an object from an object-oriented database
may be properly classified herein; however, objects themselves for
an application other than database accessing and retrieving data,
such as, for example an operator interface object, an icon object capable
of instantiating a process, or a simulation system physical structure
object are classified elsewhere. See the search class notes in References
to Other Classes, below.
(5)
Note. This class area is directed to generic methods and apparatus
for accessing and retrieving data housed in either databases or files.
The generic steps of accessing and retrieving data or information
in a particular computer design ":environment" may
be properly classified herein. Examples of such "environments" include,
for example, a computer aided design (CAD) and analysis tool "environment",
a software development tool "environment", an image processing "environment",
a desk-top or other operator interface "environment", etc.,
may rely on accessing and retrieving information or routines from
libraries while working in the "environment".
The "environments" themselves are classified elsewhere
in the data processing arts. See the search class notes in References
to Other Classes, below.
(6)
Note. The combination of a database accessing method with
a particular operator interface feature may be found in these subclasses.
Operator interfaces, per se, are classified elsewhere. See the search
class notes in References to Other Classes, below.
B. Database Schema and Data Structures
(1)
Note. Classification herein requires a combination of a data
structure and the access or retrieval method, or apparatus for employing
or storing the data structure.
C. File and Database Maintenance
(1)
Note. This class area is directed to means and steps for handling
of generic files and databases only in computers and digital data
processing systems. For the purpose of these definitions a generic
file is defined as a named collection of data. File content and database
content authoring, generating, producing, and editing in information
processing applications art areas, such as, for example, business
data processing machine translation, graphics processing, simulation,
animation and software development, is classified elsewhere.
(2)
Note. This class area is directed to management and maintenance
of files and databases in computers and digital data processing
systems and accepts subject solutions working within single memories and
across multiple memories. Memory accessing and control and memory
management, per se, is classified elsewhere.
(3)
Note. This class area is directed to management and maintenance
of files and databases in computers and digital data processing
systems and accepts only nominal recitations to operator interfaces,
icons, and other metaphors used in the maintenance of files and
databases. File management tools, metaphors, or objects with significant
operator interface features are classified elsewhere.
(4)
Note. Formatting and file allocation in memory systems, such
as direct access storage systems, is generally found in the art area
directed to the storage system device.
SECTION II - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
Registers, various subclassesfor basic machines and associated indicating mechanisms
for ascertaining the number of movements of various devices and
machines, plus machines made from these basic machines alone (e.g.,
cash registers, voting machines), and in combination with various
perfecting features, such as printers and recording means. In addition,
search Class 235 for various data bearing record controlled systems.
Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual
Display Systems,
subclasses 418 through 475for computer graphics processing, and subclasses
1.1-111 for visual display systems with selective electrical control
including display memory organization and structure for storing
image data and manipulating image data between a display memory
and display device.
Telephonic Communications, various subclassesfor two-way electrical communication of intelligible
audio information of arbitrary content over a link including an
electrical conductor.
Image Analysis, various subclassesfor operations performed on image data with the
aim of measuring a characteristic of an image, detecting variations,
detecting structures, or transforming the image data, and for procedures
for analyzing and categorizing patterns present in image data.
Surgery,
subclasses 300 through 595for diagnostic testing applications of computers
in the life sciences including patient monitoring and medical imaging.
Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific
Applications,
subclasses 1 through 89for data processing generic control systems, and
subclasses 90-306 for applications of computers in various environments.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 1 through 10for linguistics.
Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating,
subclasses 1 through 9for hybrid computers, subclasses 100 through 714 for
calculators, digital signal processing and arithmetical processing,
per se, and subclasses 800 through 854 for electric analog computers.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 1 through 6for addressing particular memory configurations and
systems, subclasses 100 through 173 for memory accessing and control,
per se, (in particular subclasses 113 for disk caching, subclasses
117 through 146 for hierarchical memory, per se, (including caching),
subclasses 147 through 153 for shared memory accessing and control,
subclasses 154 through 166 for memory control, maintenance and management
techniques (including subclasses 161 and 162 for archiving and backup
under memory accessing and subclasses 163 and 164 for memory access
limiting), and subclasses 170 through 173 for memory configuring
and allocation), and subclasses 200 through 221 for address formation
processing, particularly subclass 216 for address hashing.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document processing performed by a computer
for presentation, and subclasses 700-866 for operator interface
processing.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management, appropriate subclassesfor data processing software development tool.
SECTION IV - GLOSSARY
The terms below have been defined for purposes of
classification in this class and are shown in underlined type when
used in the class and subclass definitions. When these terms are
not underlined in the definitions, the meaning is not restricted
to the glossary definitions below.
ADDRESS DATA
Data that represent or identify a source or destination. (Also
see Data)
COMPUTER:
A machine that inputs data, processes data, stores data, and
outputs data.
DATA
Representation of information in a coded manner suitable
for communication, interpretation, or processing. See Address Data,
Instruction Data, Status Data, and User Data in this Glossary.
DATABASE
A collection of data arranged for ease of storage, retrieval,
updating, searching and sorting by computerized means.
DATA PROCESSING
See Processing, below.
DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING SYSTEM:
An arrangement of processor(s) in combination with either
memory or peripherals, or both, performing data processing.
FILE
A named collection of data.
INFORMATION
Meaning that a human being assigns to data by means of the
conventions applied to that data.
INSTRUCTION DATA
Data that represent an operation and identify its operands,
if any. (Also see Data)
MEMORY
A functional unit to which data can be stored and from which
data can be retrieved.
PERIPHERAL
A functional unit that transmits data to or receives
data from a computer to which it is coupled.
PROCESSING
Methods or apparatus performing systematic operations upon
data or information exemplified by functions such as data or information
transferring, merging, sorting, and calculating (i.e., arithmetic
operations or logical operations).
(1)
Note. In this class, the glossary term data is used to modify
processing in the term data processing; whereas the term digital
data processing system refers to a machine performing data processing.
(2)
Note. In an effort to avoid redundant constructions, in this
class, where appropriate, the term address data processing is used
in place of address data data processing.
PROCESSOR
A functional unit that interprets and executes instruction data.
STATUS DATA
Data that represent conditions of data, computers, peripherals,
memory, etc. (Also see Data)
USER DATA
Data other than address data, instruction data, or status data.
(Also see Data)
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter directed to the retrieval of data stored in a database or as computer files, where a file is defined
as a named collection of data.
(1)
Note. This class is directed to computerized database and
file accessing and retrieval, including hierarchical, bit-mapped
and flat indexing, hashing, stapling, containerizing, and other
methods. Accessing and control of a memory, per se, is classified
elsewhere. See the search class notes below.
(2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
the business dataprocessing is
classified in the business art. See search class notes below.
(3)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class is classified
herein. Particular fields of use of database technology performing
in combination with the basic subject matter of another class to
effect some end other than mere information accessing
or retrieval is classified with the subject matter of the other
class, unless specifically excluded therefrom. See the search class
notes below.
(4)
Note. This class is directed to generic methods and apparatus
for accessing and retrieving data housed
in either databases or files. The generic steps to access and retrieve
an object from an object-oriented database may be properly classified
herein; however, objects themselves for an application other than database
accessing and retrieving data, such
as, for example an operator interface object, an icon object capable
of instantiating a process, or a simulation system physical structure
object are classified elsewhere. See the search class notes below.
(5)
Note. This class is directed to generic methods and apparatus
for accessing and retrieving data housed
in either databases or files. The generic steps of accessing and
retrieving data or information in
a particular computer design "environment" may
be properly classified herein. Examples of such "environments" include,
for example, a computer aided design
(CAD) and analysis tool "environment", a software
development tool "environment", an image processing "environment",
a desk-top or other operator interface "environment",
etc., may rely on accessing and retrieving information or
routines from libraries while working in the "environment".
The "environments" themselves are classified
elsewhere in the data processing arts. See the search class notes
below.
(6)
Note. The combination of a database accessing
method with a particular operator interface feature may be found
in these subclasses. Operator interfaces, per se, are classified
elsewhere. See the search class notes below.
Surgery,
subclasses 630+ for diagnostic testing and appropriate subclasses for
applications of computers in the life sciences including patient
monitoring and medical imaging.
Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling,
Simulation, and Emulation,
subclasses 13 through 22for the use of database in simulating electronic
device and electrical system.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 10 for dictionary building in machine translation
systems.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 1+ for applications of databases in business transaction processing.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 1 through 5for addressing particular memory configurations
and systems, subclasses 100+ for memory accessing and control,
per se, and in particular subclasses 113 for disk caching, subclasses
117+ for hierarchical memory, per se, subclasses 118+ for
caching, subclasses 147+ for shared memory accessing and
control, subclasses 170+ for memory configuring and allocation,
subclasses 200+ for address formation processing, and subclass
216 for address hashing.
Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 15+ for state recovery, per se, in particular, subclass
20 for plural recovery sets with set interrelation data.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document presentation processing, per se, particularly subclasses
205-208 for processing a document including hypermedia, subclasses
234-242 for processing a structured document, e.g., HTML, SGML,
ODA, CDA, etc., and subclasses 209-220 for compound documents; and
also subclasses 700-866 for operator interfaces, per se, in particular
subclass 866 for interface customization, subclasses 764-862 for on-screen
work or objects, and subclasses 810-845 for menus.
Data Processing: Design and Analysis of Circuit
or Semiconductor Mask, appropriate subclasses for the use of database in
the design and analysis of circuit or semiconductor mask.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to methods of access, including
query path traversal, mapping, and reuse, joining tables in relational
databases, view composition, index choice, bit mapping, and query
reuse.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 10 for linguistics dictionary building.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 7+ for operations research, per se, including systems
directed to generalized linear programming problem solving.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multicomputer Data Transferring or Plural Processor Synchronization,
subclasses 201 through 203for distributed data processing.
Electrical Computers and Digital Data Processing
Systems: Input/Output,
subclasses 131 through 132for bus path selecting in a computer or digital data
processing system.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document presentation processing, per se, particularly subclasses
205-208 for processing a document including hypermedia; subclasses
234-242 for processing a structured document, e.g., HTML, SGML,
ODA, CDA, etc., and subclasses 209-210 for compound documents; and
subclasses 259-260 for text data document processing with a dictionary.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Virtual Machine Task or Process Management or Task Management/Control, appropriate subclasses for identifying and dealing with
run-time dependencies between executing programs, tasks, and processes
(e.g., data dependencies, control flow dependencies, etc.), particularly
subclass 106 for dependency based cooperative processing of
multiple programs working together to accomplish a larger task.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to methods of searching for (i.e.,
querying) data stored as a database in a computer or digital data
processing system, including sequential searching, primary and secondary
index searching, and bit-map searching of inverted lists or topological
maps.
(1)
Note. The combination of a database accessing method with
a particular operator interface feature may be found in these subclasses.
Operator interfaces, per se, are classified elsewhere.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 1+ for machine translation and linguistic data processing
and subclasses 200+ for speech translation methods and apparatus.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 255 through 272for text editing, composition or storage control,
subclasses 700-866 for operator interfaces, per se, in particular
subclasses 764-862 for on-screen workspaces and objects, subclasses
781-807 for windowing, and subclass 808 for pop-up controls.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management,
subclasses 136 through 161for program compilers and procedural language translators.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter directed to methods for translating an external
access to a database or files into internal access to the database
or files, and translation of an external query format into an intermediate
or internal query format.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 212 through 228for spreadsheets, forms, and tables under document
processing.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter directed to methods of expanding or limiting
access to and retrieval of data or files by techniques including
fuzzy search, ranking or weighing, relevance, thesaurus, and concept
retrieval.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 1+ for linguistic data processing and machine translation.
Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence,
subclasses 1 through 9for fuzzy logic, per se, and subclasses 15-44 for
knowledge processing, per se, including trainable neural nets and expert
systems.
Electrical Computers and Digital Data Processing
Systems: Input/Output,
subclasses 200 and 240+ for limiting access to system
resources and access arbitrating.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 255 through 272for text editing, composition, or storage control.
This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Subject matter directed to methods employing determination
of equivalence of retrieval keys and stored data by matching characteristic
patterns of one data set with one or more characteristic patterns
of a candidate data set.
(1)
Note. This subclass includes text searching and indexing,
per se, for database. Text presentation data processing is classified
elsewhere.
Image Analysis, appropriate subclasses for image recognition, transformation,
and sensing, per se, and applications therefor, particularly
subclasses 181+ for image pattern recognition.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 2+ for machine translation systems.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 7+ for operations research, per se, including systems
directed to generalized linear programming problem solving.
Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and
Calculating,
subclasses 490+ for arithmetical processing, per se, and subclass
212 for detection of a particular sequence of bits.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing, appropriate subclassesfor document processing, per se.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Virtual Machine Task or Process Management or Task Management/Control, appropriate subclasses for identifying and dealing with
run-time dependencies between executing programs, tasks, and processes
(e.g., data dependencies, control flow dependencies, etc.), particularly
subclass 106 for dependency based cooperative processing of
multiple programs working together to accomplish a larger task.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to data oriented accessing methods
benefiting from the creation of ordered lists.
(1)
Note. For clarification, sorting includes elementary sorting
methods such as selection sort, bubble sort, distribution counting,
and other methods, such as Quicksort, Radix Sort, Priority Queues including
heap sort, Selection and Merging, and External sort.
(2)
Note. This subclass is for sorting database data or files.
Generic sorting, per se, is classified elsewhere.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Processing Architectures and Instruction Processing (e.g., Processors),
subclasses 1+ for sorter processing in computer and digital data
system architecture and subclass 300 for generic string-level and bite-word
order rearranging, bit-field insertion and extraction, and string length
and sequence detecting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to serialization of multiple accesses
to the same unit of data or file for the purpose of data integrity.
(1)
Note. Concurrency is related to controlling the ability of
a plurality of users to simultaneously access the same (i.e., a single
unit or copy of) information or proximately located information
stored in a database or file (i.e., the ability to control "sharing" of
information). Such control may involve the prioritizing or serializing
of access to the "shared" information, or the
copying of information into independent copies, which must ultimately
be "integrated" for data coherency. Coherency,
on other hand, although a related topic, is related to the maintaining
of multiple copies of information in a database or file in a manner which
ensures data integrity amongst the plurality of copies, regardless
of whether a single user or plurality of simultaneous users are
accessing the information. When a plurality of users are accessing the
plurality of copies of information, then both concurrency and coherency concepts
may be involved, and the subject matter may be properly classified herein
based on hierarchy. Database or file coherency, per se, is classified
elsewhere. Source code version management and software version
management are classified elsewhere.
(2)
Note. For clarification, the methods of ensuring data concurrency
include employing time-stamping, semaphores, global and local shared
locking (i.e., read only), and exclusive locking (i.e., read and
write), multiple versioning, and temporal versioning, such as snapshots.
(3)
Note. This subclass is directed to data integrity in database
accessing and control. A concept search on this subject or the related
subjects of data coherency and version management should consider
the related topics as they appear in this class.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 1 through 45for automated financial or business practice or
management systems and in particular subclasses 1 through 6 for
file and database maintenance systems including data coherency in database
systems.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 141 through 146for cache memory data coherency, and subclasses
147 through 153 for sharing memory and prioritized access regulation.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclass 229 for document version management under document
processing; subclasses 716-726 for operator interface aspects of workgroup
data processing environments for plural users or sites; and cross-reference
art collection 971 directed to interface aspects of cooperative
decision support systems for groups of users.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management,
subclass 122 for source code version management in a software
programming environment, and subclasses 174 through 178 for software
installation and version management of operating systems, application
programs, and other executable programs.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Virtual Machine Task or Process Management or Task Management/Control, appropriate subclasses for identifying and dealing with
run-time dependencies between executing programs, tasks, and processes
(e.g., data dependencies, control flow dependencies, etc.), particularly
subclass 106 for dependency based cooperative processing of
multiple programs working together to accomplish a larger task.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to determination and granting of
access to data and files by direct means, such as by the file or
database creator or database manager, or by indirect means, such
as by inheritance, such as by group/user access profiles.
(1)
Note. This subclass is directed to access control in database
systems. Computer system security is classified elsewhere.
(2)
Note. This subclass is directed to access control in database
systems. The concept of access control exists throughout the class.
Therefore, a search to a particular concept of access control should
consider the related topics in bus access control, memory access
control, computer system access control, generic access control,
etc.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 147+ for shared memory access and control, and subclasses 163+ for
access limiting and password use in memory accessing and control.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 716 through 726for operator interface aspects of workgroup data
processing environments for plural users or sites.
This subclass is indented under subclass 1. Subject matter directed to management of distributed database
data and file access and retrieval, and retrieval of database data
and files from a centralized or remote site.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 1+ for automated business systems, per se, and in
particular subclasses 26-27 for electronic shopping and catalogue browsing.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multicomputer Data Transferring or Plural Processor Synchronization,
subclasses 210 through 203for multicomputer distributed data processing and
subclasses 208-211 for multicomputer data transfer processing with
master/slave arrangement.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 117 through 146for hierarchical memory and caching, and subclasses
147+ for shared memory access and control.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Processing Architectures and Instruction Processing (e.g., Processors),
subclasses 1+ for processor, coprocessor arrangements.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 716 through 726for operator interface aspects of workgroup data
processing environments for plural users or sites and cross-reference
art collection 971 directed to interface aspects of cooperative
decision support systems for groups of users.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising means or steps for organizing
and inter-relating data or files, including relational, network,
hierarchical, and entity-relationship models,
among others.
(1)
Note. Classification herein requires a combination of a data structure and the access or retrieval
method, or apparatus for employing or storing the data structure.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 700 through 866for object-oriented operator interface elements,
per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter including data structure conversion, compression,
compaction, and compilation, for optimization of database and file storing,
and for data compatibility between different or multiple databases.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 141 through 146for cache memory data coherency, and subclasses
147-153 for sharing memory and prioritized access regulation.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Processing Architectures and Instruction Processing (e.g., Processors),
subclass 300 for generic string-level and byte-word level order
rearranging, bit-field insertion and extraction, and string length
and sequence detecting.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclass 229 for document version management under document
processing; subclasses 716-726 for operator interface aspects of workgroup
data processing environments for plural users or sites; and cross-reference
art collection 971 directed to interface aspects of cooperative
decision support systems for groups of users.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management,
subclass 122 for source code version management in a software
programming environment, and subclasses 174 through 178 for software
installation and version management of operating systems, application
programs, and other executable programs.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Virtual Machine Task or Process Management or Task Management/Control, appropriate subclasses for identifying and dealing with
run-time dependencies between executing programs, tasks, and processes
(e.g., data dependencies, control flow dependencies, etc.), particularly
subclass 106 for dependency based cooperative processing of
multiple programs working together to accomplish a larger task.
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter including means or steps for generating database
schema and data structures.
(1)
Note. This subclass accepts operator interface features for
data structure development environments. Operator interfaces, per
se, are classified elsewhere.
Image Analysis, for image recognition, transformation and sensing, per se,
and applications therefor, and in particular
subclasses 181+ for image pattern recognition.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclass 10 for linguistics dictionary building.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 205 through 208for processing a document including hypermedia;
subclasses 209-210 for processing a compound document using hierarchy control;
subclasses 234-242 for processing a structured document, e.g., HTML,
SGML, ODA, CDA, etc.; subclasses 243-253 for document layout processing
including spacing control, format transforming, etc.; subclasses
259-260 for text data document processing with a dictionary; and
subclasses 700-866 for operator interfaces.
Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling,
Simulation, and Emulation,
subclasses 13 through 22for simulating electronic device and electrical
system which may employ object-oriented data structure.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for document presentation processing, per se, particularly subclasses
205-208 for processing a document including hypermedia, and subclasses
209-210 for compound documents, and subclasses 234-242 for processing
a structured document, e.g., HTML, SGML, ODA, CDA, etc.; and also
subclasses 764-862 for on-screen workspaces or objects, particularly
subclasses 810-845 for menus.
Data Processing: Design and Analysis of Circuit
or Semiconductor Mask, appropriate subclasses for designing and analyzing
circuit or semiconductor mask which may include the use of libraries
or objects.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management, appropriate subclasses for software development
tools, per se, including computer-aided software engineering and
object-oriented programming environments.
This subclass is indented under subclass 100. Subject matter directed to specific applications of database
schema and data structures to commercial, scientific, and medical
fields not provided for elsewhere.
(1)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
the business data processing is classified in the business art.
See SEE OR SEARCH CLASS notes below.
(2)
Note. The combination of details of database technology with
a nominal recitation of the subject matter of another class is classified
herein. Particular fields of use of database technology, performing in
combination with the basic subject matter of another class to effect
some end other than mere information accessing or retrieval, is
classified with the subject matter of the other class, unless specifically
excluded therefrom. See the SEE OR SEARCH CLASS notes below.
Image Analysis, various subclasses for operations performed on image data
with the aim of measuring a characteristic of an image, detecting
variations, detecting structures, or transforming the image data,
and for procedures for analyzing and categorizing patterns present
in image data.
Surgery,
subclasses 300 through 595for diagnostic testing applications of computers
in the life sciences including patient monitoring and medical imaging.
Data Processing: Generic Control Systems or Specific
Applications,
subclasses 90 through 306for data structures in various computer-based applications
and in combination with the basic subject matter of another class.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 1 through 10for linguistics.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter directed to generic data, file, and directory
upkeeping, file naming, and file and database maintenance including
integrity consideration, recovery, and versioning.
(1)
Note. These subclasses are directed to means and steps for
handling of generic files and databases only in computers and digital data processing systems. For the
purpose of these definitions, a generic file is defined as a named
collection of data. File content
and database content authoring, generating, producing, and editing
in informationprocessing applications
art areas, such as, for example, business data
processing machine translation, graphics processing,
simulation, animation and software development, is classified elsewhere.
See the search class notes below.
(2)
Note. This subclass is directed to management and maintenance
of files and databases in computers and digital data processing systems and accepts
subject solutions working within single memories and across multiple
memories. Memory accessing and control and memory management, per
se, is classified elsewhere.
(3)
Note. This subclass is directed to management and maintenance
of files and databases in computers and digital data processing systems and accepts
only nominal recitations to operator interfaces, icons and other
metaphors used in the maintenance of files and databases. File
management tools, metaphors or objects with significant operator
interface features are classified elsewhere. See the search class
notes below.
(4)
Note. Formatting and file allocation in memory systems such
as direct access storage systems is generally found in the art area
directed to the storage system device.
Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual
Display Systems,
subclasses 467 through 472.3for file content authoring, generating, producing,
and editing in font generation, and subclasses 473-475 for file
content authoring, generating, producing, and editing in animation.
Data Processing: Structural Design, Modeling,
Simulation, and Emulation,
subclasses 13 through 22for file content authoring, generating, producing,
and editing in simulating electronic device and electrical system; and
subclasses 23 through 28 for file content authoring, generating,
producing, and editing in emulation systems.
Data Processing: Speech Signal Processing, Linguistics,
Language Translation, and Audio Compression/Decompression,
subclasses 2+ for file content authoring, generating, producing,
and editing in machine translation, per se.
Data Processing: Financial, Business Practice,
Management, or Cost/Price Determination,
subclasses 1+ for file content authoring, generating, producing,
and editing in business data processing.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems
- Memory,
subclasses 100+ for memory accessing and control, per se, and subclasses 154-166
for memory control, maintenance, and management techniques.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclasses 200 through 277for file content authoring, generating, producing,
and editing in document processing, word processing, and text processing.
Data Processing: Design and Analysis of Circuit
or Semiconductor Mask, appropriate subclasses for file content authoring,
generating, producing, and editing in designing and analyzing circuit
or semiconductor mask.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management, appropriate subclasses for file content authoring,
generating, producing, and editing in software development environments,
per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter further comprising means or steps for distributed
and temporal database management to ensure presentation of the same data
or view to one or a plurality of users.
(1)
Note. Coherency is related to the maintaining of multiple
copies of information in a database or a file in a manner which ensures
data integrity amongst the plurality of copies, regardless of whether
a single user or plurality of simultaneous users are accessing the
information. When a plurality of users is accessing the multiple
copies of information, then both concurrency and coherency concepts
may be involved, and the subject matter is classified in the concurrency subclass
above.
(2)
Note. This subclass is directed to file and database coherency
and may include file caching. Caching, per se, however, is classified
elsewhere. In addition, cache memory entry replacement strategies
are classified elsewhere.
(3)
Note. This subclass is directed to file and database coherency
and may include management of transactions against a database by
means of commit procedures. Transaction management, per se, is classified
elsewhere.
(4)
Note. This subclass is directed to file and database coherency
and may involve access control. Access control in combination with
other data processing system methods or apparatus (e.g., memory), computer
security, per se, and access control, per se, are classified elsewhere.
(5)
Note. This subclass is directed to file and database coherency
and may include recitations to shared memory. Managing shared memory,
however, is classified elsewhere. Further, data transferring between
computers or digital data processing systems is classified elsewhere.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Multicomputer Data Transferring or Plural Processor Synchronization,
subclasses 213 through 216for multicomputer data transferring with shared
memory.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 141 through 146for cache coherency, and subclasses 147-153 for
shared memory accessing and control.
Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 15+ for process and data state recovery, per se, and
in particular subclass 20 for use of plural data sets (i.e., logs) containing
set interrelation data, and subclass 49, for state error detection, per
se.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclass 229 for document version management under document
processing; subclasses 733-759 for operator interface aspects of
workgroup data processing environments for plural users or sites;
and cross-reference art collection 971 directed to interface aspects
of cooperative decision support systems for groups of users.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Virtual Machine Task or Process Management or Task Management/Control, appropriate subclasses for identifying and dealing with
run-time dependencies between executing programs, tasks, and processes
(e.g., data dependencies, control flow dependencies, etc.), particularly
subclass 106 for dependency based cooperative processing of
multiple programs working together to accomplish a larger task.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Interprogram Communication or Interprocess Communication (IPC), appropriate subclassesfor interprocess and interprogram communication.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter including means or steps for transaction
logging, log recovery, and recovery of data in the event of a fault.
(1)
Note. This subclass is directed to fault recovery in combination
with file or data maintenance. Fault recovery, per se, is classified
elsewhere.
Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclasses 1+ for reliability and availability, per se, subclass
15 for process and data state recovery, per se, and in particular
subclass 20 for use of plural data sets (i.e., logs) containing
set interrelation data.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter further comprising means or steps for maintenance
and management of multiple copies of database information or files
on a computer.
(1)
Note. Database concurrency, file or database coherency, and
document version management are classified elsewhere in this class.
See the SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS references below and
also the line notes and search notes associated therewith.
(2)
Note. Software component managing in a software development
tool, software upgrading or updating (e.g., plural version management),
and software installation are classified elsewhere. See the SEE
OR SEARCH CLASS references below and also the line notes and search notes
associated therewith.
Data Processing: Presentation Processing of Document,
Operator Interface Processing, and Screen Saver Display Processing,
subclass 229 for document version management under document
processing.
Data Processing: Software Development, Installation,
and Management,
subclasses 120 through 123,168-173, and 174-178 for software component managing
in a software development tool, software upgrading or updating (e.g.,
plural version management), and software installation, respectively.
This subclass is indented under subclass 201. Subject matter further comprising means or steps for backing
up database information or files, file migration to and from high
density nonvolatile storage, and immediate, delayed, and scheduled
backup.
(1)
Note. This subclass is directed to file and database coherency
and aspects thereof directed to making copies for expressed purposes.
Means and steps for controlling memory access to data (i.e., addressing,
per se) during the act of backing up or archiving is classified
elsewhere.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclass 113 for cache by DASD, subclass 114 for RAID, subclasses
117+ for hierarchical memory accessing and controlling,
per se, subclasses 133-136 for cache entry replacement strategies, subclasses
159-160 for memory accessing and control entry replacement strategies,
per se, subclasses 161-162 for archiving and backup under memory
accessing, and subclass 165 for internally relocating data.
Error Detection/Correction and Fault Detection/Recovery,
subclass 6 for memory or peripheral subsystem fault recovery
including access to redundant stored data, such as, error correction
coded data, subclass 15 for process and data state recovery, per se,
and in particular subclass 20 for use of plural data sets (i.e.,
logs) containing set interrelation data.
This subclass is indented under subclass 200. Subject matter further comprising means or steps for reserving
memory space or organizing memory space in order to contain a file.
(1)
Note. This subclass is directed to reserving memory space
or organizing memory space in order to contain a file. Memory accessing
and control for data is classified elsewhere. A concept search to
allocation should consider both areas.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 1 through 5for addressing specific memory configurations,
subclasses 100+ for disk defragmenting, subclasses 170+ for
memory accessing and control memory configuring and partitioning,
per se, subclasses 200+ for address formation, subclass 209
for addressing plural pages, blocks, segments, etc.
This subclass is indented under subclass 205. Subject matter further comprising means or steps for deallocating
of obsolete or unreferenced files and database objects, and maintenance
of associated directories or links.
(1)
Note. This subclass is directed to reorganizing of memory
space, by deallocating unused, redundant, obsolete, or unreferenced
database and file information, in order to increase the efficiency
of memory space usage. The related concepts of memory reclamation
and disk defragmentation do not take into account the interrelatedness
of the database and file information. However, techniques used in
memory reclamation and disk defragmentation may be relevant to the
subject matter in this subclass, and a concept search on garbage
collection should carefully consider related concepts classified
under memory accessing and control entry replacement strategies
and memory configuring.
Electrical Computers and Digital Processing Systems:
Memory,
subclasses 133 through 136for cache entry replacement strategies, subclasses
159 through 160 for memory accessing and control entry replacement
strategies, per se, and subclasses 170+ for memory accessing
and control memory configuring and partitioning, per se.
E-SUBCLASSES
The E-subclasses in U.S. Class 707 provide for digital computing
or data processing equipment or methods specially adapted for the
retrieval of information data and database structures for such data.
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; DATABASE STRUCTURES THEREFORE (EPO):
This group of subclasses provides for digital computing
or data processing equipment or methods specially adapted for the
retrieval of information, and data base structures for such data.
This subclass is substantially the same in scope as ECLA classification
G06F17/30.
(1)
Note. This group includes compilation of abstracts.
Note: The Patent
and Trademark Depository Library Program (PTDLP) administers a nationwide
network of public, state and academic libraries designated as Patent and
Trademark Depository Libraries authorized by 35 U.S.C. 13 to: Disseminate
Patent and Trademark Information Support Diverse Intellectual Property
Needs of the Public. PTDL Contact Information
Note: For information/comments on electronic information products, such
as purchasing USPTO data, or to discuss system requirements for magnetic
tape products, contact:
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