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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 554]   CLASS 554,ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES
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SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 1]    1Fatty compounds having an acid moiety which contains the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid, salt, ester, or amide group bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven (7) uninterrupted carbons, wherein any additional carbonyl in the acid moiety is (1) part of an aldehyde or ketone group, (2) bonded directly to a noncarbon atom which is between the additional carbonyl and the chain, or (3) attached indirectly to the chain via ionic bonding
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds under Class 532, ... , which are long-chain aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derivatives, herein referred to as "fatty compounds", characterized by having the carbonyl of (1) a carboxylic acid, (2) a carboxylic acid salt, (3) a carboxylic acid ester, or (4) a carboxylic acid amide bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons, i.e., the acid moiety; wherein any additional carbonyl group in the acid moiety is (1) part of an aldehyde or ketone group, (2) bonded directly to a noncarbon atom which is between the additional carbonyl and the chain, or (3) attached indirectly to the chain by ionic bonding.
(1) Note. The term "fatty compounds" referred to throughout the definitions is inclusive of fats, fatty oils, ester-type waxes, higher fatty acids, salts, esters, amides, and fatty still residues, the latter being the bottoms, tars, or pitches resulting from distillation of fats, oils, and waxes, e.g., stearine pitch. Fats and fatty oils are glycerides of higher fatty acids, including naturally occurring mixtures thereof present in a single oil or fat. Ester-type waxes are essentially esters in chemical structure, e.g., beeswax, montan wax, carnauba wax, and spermaceti.
(2) Note. Included herein are processes directed to the preparation, treatment, modification, purification, or recovery of fatty compounds by chemical or physical means which do not involve the destruction of the acid moiety as defined above, when such processes are not provided for elsewhere.
(3) Note. The treatment of a mixture of fats, oils, or waxes from different sources or a single oil, fat, or wax with a mixture of reactants, to produce a particular composition of matter having an art use for which there is a class provided, is classified in the class providing for said art use and cross-referenced hereinto when desirable.

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204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   subclasses 157.6+ for methods of preparing and treating fatty compounds by electrical or wave energy.
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 1 for mineral oil products which have the properties of natural drying oils in that they dry or harden in contact with air and processes of preparing the same.
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   subclass 417 for patents claiming or solely disclosing processes involving (1) the preparation or treatment of edible triglyceridic fats or oils; or (2) rendering processes to separate an edible triglyceridic fat or oil from a starting material; and subclass 530 for processes of treating butter or a butter substitute.
556, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 437 through 442for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a silicon containing polycarboxylic acid, salt, or ester are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
558, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 230+ for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarbonic or thiocarboxylicester is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
560, Organic Compounds,   subclass 44 , 54, 66, 76-99, 127, 146, 151, 171, 176, 180-182, and 190-204 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxylic acid ester are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
562, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 26+ for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarbonic or thiocarboxylic acid is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven carbons; subclasses 480-489, 509, 568, 571-573, 578, 582-585, and 590-596 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxylic acid or salt are bonded directly to an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 838 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thioacid halide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 840+ for compounds wherein the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid halide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 886 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thioanhydride is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 887+ for compounds wherein the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid anhydride is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic carbon chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
564, Organic Compounds,   subclass 78 for compounds wherein the thiocarbonyl of a thiocarboxamide is bonded directly to one end of an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclasses 152-160 for compounds wherein the carbonyls of a polycarboxamide are bonded to an acyclic carbon of at least seven uninterrupted carbons; subclass 254 for compounds which are O-esters of oximes, wherein the ester forming group contains an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons.
568, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 303+ and 700+ for compounds wherein the carboxyl group of a fatty acid is converted into an oxo or carbinol group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 2]    2With preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Products wherein the compound is mixed with a preserving or stabilizing agent which functions to prevent physical or chemical change.

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426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   appropriate subclasses, for preserved edible oils not from a single source.
508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions,   particularly subclasses 110+ , for preserved lubricants or cutting oils.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 3]    3Oxygen containing hetero ring in preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains an oxygen containing hetero ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 4]    4Phosphorus containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 5]    5Nitrogen containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 6]    6Sulfur containing preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 7]    7Phenolic preservative or stabilizer
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Products wherein the preservative or stabilizer contains at least one benzene ring having at least one -OH group bonded directly thereto, wherein H of the -OH may be replaced by metal or substituted or unsubstituted ammonium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 8]    8Extraction directly from animal or plant source material (e.g., recovery from garbage, fish offal, slaughter house waste, whole fish, olive fruit, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which include the extraction of the fatty compound(s) directly from animal or plant source material.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes such as the recovery of fatty acid compounds from garbage, fish offal, slaughter house waste, whole fish, olive fruit,etc.

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175+,for processes directed to the purification of extracted fatty compounds.

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100, Presses,   for processes wherein a broadly claimed extraction step is followed by a significant expressing operation.
210, Liquid Purification or Separation,   subclasses 600+ for a process of purifying or separating water or a generically claimed liquid and for significant filtration or decantation treatments.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 9]    9Legume, nut, or seed source material (e.g., peanut, soya bean, rice bran, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein the fatty compound is extracted from legumes, nuts, or seeds, such as soya beans, peanuts, flax seed, cotton seed, or portions thereof, e.g., shells, kernels, germs, oil cake, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 10]    10Fatty or sugar containing treating agent utilized (e.g., miscella, molasses, lecithin, cocoa butter used; heated cashew oil used to extract more oil from cashew nuts; using soap as emulsifier, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein sugar or fatty material is utilized to facilitate extraction.
(1) Note. Included herein are processes utilizing (1) miscella, molasses, lecithin, cocoa butter, etc, to extract the fatty compound; (2) heated cashew oil to extract more oil from cashew nuts; (3) soap as an emulsifier, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 11]    11Carbon dioxide, peroxy, sulfur, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein carbon dioxide or a peroxy-, sulfur-, nitrogen-, or metal-containing material is utilized facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 12]    12Organic solvent extraction
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein the legume, nut, or seed source material is subjected to the action of an organic solvent to dissolve out the fatty compound(s).

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15,or 17, for processes wherein water is utilized in a solvent extraction.
(1) Note. Oil is not miscible with water so in the subclasses wherein water or steam is added, the water or steam is utilized as a heating medium or to dissolve out nonoleaginous principles such as impurities.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 13]    13Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., carbon tetrachloride, ethanol, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein the solvent contains halogen or oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 14]    14Plural diverse solvents utilized together or sequentially (e.g., solvent is mixture of acetone and hexane, ethyl and isopropyl alcohols, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 13.  Processes wherein two or more different solvents are utilized simultaneously or in succession.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 15]    15Steam or water added
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein water or water vapor is utilized to facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 16]    16Vacuum or pressure utilized (e.g., normally gaseous hydrocarbon solvent kept liquid under pressure, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Processes wherein the extraction is carried out under a pressure greater or less than atmospheric.
(1) Note. The pressure referred to in this subclass is fluid pressure and not mechanical.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 17]    17Steam or water added or vacuum utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Processes wherein water vapor, water, or a pressure less than atmospheric is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 18]    18Fish liver source material
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein fish liver is employed as the source material.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 19]    19Sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, or metal containing treating agent utilized (e.g., salt or brine, clay, lime, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein a material containing sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, or a metal is utilized to facilitate extraction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 20]    20Organic solvent extraction
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein the source material is subjected to the action of an organic solvent to dissolve out the fatty compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 21]    21Halogen or oxygen in the solvent (e.g., trichloroethylene, alcohol, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 20.  Processes wherein the solvent contains halogen or oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 22]    22Vacuum utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein a pressure less than atmospheric is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 23]    23Steam or water added (e.g., wet rendering, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Processes wherein water vapor or water is added to the source material to facilitate extraction.
(1) Note. This subclass includes processes which are directed to the melting out of the fatty compound from animal or vegetable matter by heat using steam or water.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 24]    24Chemical modification of oils to improve their drying properties and products thereof
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Processes which are directed to chemically treating fatty oils to impart drying or film-forming properties thereto, and the products produced by said treatment.
(1) Note. Drying oils are characterized by becoming hard and resinous in contact with the air (absorbing oxygen) and are especially useful in the manufacture of varnishes and coating compositions. Drying oils contain a great proportion of polyethylenically unsaturated acids, usually conjugated. This subclass includes processes of treating the commonly known drying or semi-drying oils, such as linseed oil (which may contain inhibitors for satisfactory drying), to improve their drying properties, and processes of treating nondrying oils, such as castor oil, to impart drying properties thereto.
(2) Note. Fatty compounds produced from drying oils, which compounds no longer retain drying properties, are classified where appropriate elsewhere.

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208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 1 for mineral oil products which have the properties of natural drying oils and processes of preparing the same.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 25]    25Polymerization process and product thereof (e.g., thermal polymerization, oxidative polymerization, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which are directed to polymerizing an oil, such as by heating or oxidizing, and the polymerized products resulting therefrom.
(1) Note. Included herein are synthetic drying products resulting from, for example, the interaction of unsaturated fatty acid oils and polyhydric alcohol polyesters of aromatic polycarboxylic acids.
(2) Note. The process of thermally polymerizing oils is commonly termed "bodying" of oils and the resulting products, "bodied oils", which describes oils whose mean molecular weight, specific gravity, and viscosity have been increased by the application of heat.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 26]    26Additional organic compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes which include, in addition to the oil reactant, at least one other organic compound in the polymerization reaction, such as a catalyst, promoter, or reactant.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 27]    27The additional organic compound is an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer (e.g., butadiene, cyclopentadiene, styrene, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 26.  Processes wherein the additional organic compound is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing hydrogen and carbon only.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 28]    28Inorganic material utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes wherein an inorganic material is utilized in the polymerization reaction.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 29]    29Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Processes which include separating the polymerized product from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 30]    30Esterification or molecular rearrangement (e.g., intra- or inter-esterification, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which include esterification or wherein a starting material is treated, such as by heat or with catalysts, to cause a rearrangement of elements.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 31]    31Dehydration or carbon to carbon unsaturation formation (e.g., dehydrating hydroxylated fatty acids or oils, forming conjugated unsaturation by dehydrogenation, dehalogenation, dehydrohalogenation, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.  Processes which are directed to dehydrating a starting material or forming carbon to carbon unsaturation in a starting material to impart drying properties thereto.
(1) Note. Provided for herein are processes directed to (1) the removal of water from compounds such as hydroxylated fatty acids or oils, or (2) the formation of conjugated unsaturation by dehydrogenation or dehalohydrogenation, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 32]    32Heavy metal containing compound utilized (e.g., as catalyst, promoter, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing a metal having a specific gravity greater than four is utilized, e.g., as reactant, catalyst, promoter, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 33]    33Sulfur containing compound utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing sulfur is utilized.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 34]    34Group IA or IIA light metal containing compound utilized
 This subclass is indented under subclass 31.  Processes wherein a compound containing a Group IA or Group IIA light metal is utilized.
(1) Note. The Group IA light metals are lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), and cesium (Cs). The Group IIA light metals are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), and barium (Ba).
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 35]    35The carbonyl is part of a carboxamide group (i.e., fatty acid amides)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which are fatty acid amides, i.e., compounds having an acyclic chain of at least seven uninterrupted carbons bonded directly to the carbonyl of a -C(=O)- NH(H) group, wherein the hydrogens may be substituted.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 35

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564, Organic Compounds,   subclasses 152+ for compounds having plural carboxamide groups bonded through their carbonyls to each end of an acyclic carbon chain of any length.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 36]    36Additional carbonyl in the acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds wherein an additional carbonyl is in the acid moiety.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 37]    37Noncarbon atom bonded directly to the additional carbonyl
 This subclass is indented under subclass 36.  Compounds wherein an atom other carbon is bonded directly to the additional carbonyl.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 38]    38Heavy metal or aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain aluminum or a metal having a specific gravity greater than four.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 39]    39Boron, silicon, selenium, or tellurium containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain boron, silicon, selenium, or tellurium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 40]    40Phosphorus containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 41]    41Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Compounds which contain nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 42]    42Sulfur containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 43]    43The sulfur is bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen or to an additional nitrogen (e.g., sulfonamide, sulfamic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.  Compounds wherein sulfur is bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen or to an additional nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 44]    44Sulfoxy containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 42.  Compounds which contain oxygen bonded directly to sulfur.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 45]    45Ring bonded directly to the sulfoxy
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein the sulfoxy group is bonded directly to a ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 46]    46Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds which contain nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 47]    47Containing -C(=O)O- group (e.g., carboxylic acid, ester, salt, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Compounds which contain a -O- group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 48]    48Additional carboxamide containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 46.  Compounds which contain two or more carboxamide groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 49]    49The carboxamide nitrogen and a -S(=O)(=O)-O-X group attached to each other by an acyclic chain which consists of carbons, wherein X is hydrogen or a metal (e.g., taurides, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds wherein the carboxamide nitrogen and a -S(=O)(=O)-O-X group are attached to each other through an acyclic carbon chain, where X is hydrogen or a metal.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 50]    50Sulfoxy in acid moiety
 This subclass is indented under subclass 44.  Compounds which contain sulfur bonded directly to oxygen in the acid moiety of the carboxamide.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 51]    51Additional nitrogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain plural nitrogens, i.e., nitrogen in addition to the carboxamide nitrogen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 52]    52Quaternary ammonium containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds wherein the additional nitrogen is in a quaternary ammonium group; i.e., a pentavalent nitrogen is bonded by four valences to carbon.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 53]    53Amidino or guanidino containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain the -NH2 or -NH-NH2 group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 54]    54Cyano or hydrazino containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain a -CN group or a -NH-NH2 group, wherein substitution may be made for hydrogen only.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 55]    55Halogen or additional oxygen containing (e.g., isocyanate containing, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 51.  Compounds which contain halogen or plural oxygens, i.e., oxygen in addition to the carboxamide oxygen.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 56]    56Additional carboxamide group containing (e.g., carbamates, ureas, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds which contain at least two carboxamide groups.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 57]    57Plural additional carboxamide groups containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 56.  Compounds which contain three or more carboxamide group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

Image 1 for class 554 subclass 57

  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 58]    58Additional nitrogen or -C(=O)O- group containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 56.  Compounds which contain a -O- group or nitrogen in addition to those in the two carboxamide groups.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 59]    59Containing -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 60]    60Nitro containing or plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Compounds wherein the additional oxygen is in a nitro group or in a group composed of two or more oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 61]    61Additional oxygen containing (e.g., amides of ricinoleic acid, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain plural oxygens, i.e., oxygen in addition to the carboxamide oxygen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 62]    62Halogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain halogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 63]    63Containing -C(=O)O- group
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain a -O- group.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 64]    64Plural oxyalkylene groups bonded directly to each other
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain two or more oxyalkylene groups; i.e., -O-Alkyl-, bonded directly to each other.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 65]    65Oxygen bonded directly to a ring
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds wherein the oxygen is bonded directly to a ring.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 66]    66Hydroxyalkyl substituent on the amido nitrogen
 This subclass is indented under subclass 61.  Compounds which contain an hydroxyalkyl group bonded directly to the carboxamide nitrogen through a carbon of the group.
(1) Note. This subclass contains, for example:

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[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 67]    67Halogen containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Compounds which contain halogen.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 68]    68Processes
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.  Processes which are directed to the preparation, recovery, or treatment of a fatty acid amide.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 69]    69Amidation
 This subclass is indented under subclass 68.  Processes which are directed to the formation of the carboxamide group; e.g., by reacting a fatty acid, salt, ester, acid halide, or anhydride with ammonia or an amino nitrogen containing compound.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 70]    70Purification or recovery
 This subclass is indented under subclass 68.  Processes which are directed to separating the fatty acid amide from impurities or from the reaction mixture.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 71]    71Heavy metal containing (e.g., As, Cr, Mn, Sb, V, etc.)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain a metal having a specific gravity greater than four.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 72]    72Titanium, zirconium, or cerium containing (Ti, Zr, or Ce)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compound wherein the heavy metal is titanium, zirconium, or cerium.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 73]    73Lead or tin containing (Pb or Sn)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is lead or tin.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 74]    74Iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, or gold containing (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, or Au)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, silver, or gold.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 75]    75Zinc, cadmium, or mercury containing (Zn, Cd, or Hg)
 This subclass is indented under subclass 71.  Compounds wherein the heavy metal is zinc, cadmium, or mercury.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 76]    76Aluminum containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain aluminum.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 77]    77Boron, selenium, or silicon containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain boron, selenium, or silicon.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 78]    78Phosphorus containing
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.  Compounds which contain phosphorus.
  
[List of Patents for class 554 subclass 79]    79Glycerophosp