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CLASS 424,	DRUG, BIO-AFFECTING AND BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

STATEMENT OF CLASS SUBJECT MATTER

This class includes the following subject matter, not provided for elsewhere, when a utility set forth below is either (a) claimed or (b) solely disclosed.

A. DRUG AND BIO-AFFECTING COMPOSITIONS which are generally capable of:

1. Preventing, alleviating, treating, or curing abnormal and pathological conditions of the living body by such means as: (a) destroying a parasitic organism; (b) limiting the affect of the disease or abnormality by chemically altering the physiology of the host or parasite.

2. Maintaining, increasing, decreasing, limiting, or destroying a physiologic body function; e.g., vitamin compositions, sex sterilants, fertility inhibitors, growth promotors, etc.

3. Diagnosing a physiological condition or state by an in vivo test; e.g., X-ray contrast, etc.

4. Controlling or protecting an environment or living body by attracting, disabling, inhibiting, killing, modifying, repelling or retarding an animal or micro-organism. For example: (a) Nonfood baits, attractants, and lures; (b) Biocides including antibiotics of undetermined structure; (c) Warfare gases such as lachrymators, sternutators, etc.; (d) Chemical pest repellents and adhesive trapping agents.

B. BODY TREATING COMPOSITIONS generally intended for deodorizing, protecting, adorning, or grooming a body; e.g., cosmetics, dentifrices, embalming fluids, etc.

C. FERMENTATES (e.g., antibiotics, etc.), PLANT AND ANIMAL EXTRACTS, OR BODY FLUIDS OR MATERIAL CONTAINING PLANT OR ANIMAL CELLULAR STRUCTURE, PER SE, intended to be used for the purposes set forth in A and B above, and whose chemical structure is not sufficiently known to be classified elsewhere.

D. COMPOSITIONS OF THIS CLASS DEFINED IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC STRUCTURE; E.G., LAYERED TABLET, CAPSULE, ETC.

The lines generally prevailing between the composition classes and the article classes are applicable to Class 424, unless otherwise indicated, with the exception that Class 424 provides for a composition, per se, defined in terms of specific structure having a utility for Class 424 (see subclasses 400+).

E. PROCESSES OF USING the subject matter of the Class Definition, A through C above, and in Lines With Other Classes or Within This Class, Compositions Of This Class Defined In Terms Of Specific Structure; e.g., Layered Tablet, Capsule, Etc., A, above, or compounds, per se, for the purposes set forth in A and B of the Class Definition (See References to Other Classes, below, for those classes that that concern "processes." Note particularly the Search Notes for Use Processes involving Class 424 subject matter classified elsewhere.)

F. PROCESSES OF PREPARING subject matter of the Class Definition, A through C, and of Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Compositions Of This Class Defined In Terms Of Specific Structure; e.g., Layered Tablet, Capsule, Etc., part A.

G. ADJUVANT OR CARRIER COMPOSITIONS, PER SE, for perfecting compositions for this class.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

CLASSIFICATION GUIDELINES FOR THIS CLASS

A. In this class the chemical structure of the ingredient disclosed as having a utility set forth in the Class Definition above, is used as the primary basis of classification. Processes of using compositions or compounds, per se, and processes of making compositions, not provided for elsewhere, are classified in the first appearing subclass providing for the particular active ingredient being employed or prepared.

Compositions containing a biologically or pharmacologically active ingredient which generally, for example, control, cure, disable, inhibit, kill, modify, protect, repel, retard, sterilize or stimulate a living animal body; or inhibit or kill micro-organisms other than algae, etc., are provided for primarily in subclasses 85.1 and Class 514 appropriate subclasses. Compositions, intended for topical application, containing ingredients having other utilities under the class definition; e.g., grooming, enhancing, etc., which are not provided for in the Special subclasses 1.1-84, 125 and 126 have been classified in Class 514, appropriate subclasses.

B. The rule followed in classifying a patent having separate claims to several species of the active ingredient which fall into different subclasses is that the patent is placed as an original in the first appearing subclass, providing for the claimed subject matter and cross-referenced to the appropriate lower subclass, except where there is a compulsory search note between the subclasses. Where there are one or more indents under the generic subclass and one of the claimed species is not provided for specifically by any of these indents, the patent is placed as original in the generic subclass, since this is the first appearing subclass providing for said individually claimed species. In classifying a patent containing Markush type claims; i.e., "group consisting of X and Y" and no species claims, the original patent is placed in the first appearing subclass providing for the species (members) in the Markush group. If in addition to the Markush group, there are species claims, the first cited rule, governing a patent having separate specie claims, is followed.

C. A patent claiming a composition wherein the active compound or ingredient has not been specified, has been classified as original in the first appearing subclass providing for any one of the claimed ingredients and cross-referenced to appropriate lower subclasses providing for the remaining compounds or ingredients.

D. A patent claiming a composition resulting from a chemical reaction, wherein the chemical structure of the compounds or ingredients which make up the final composition are unknown or undetermined, is classified as original in the first appearing subclass providing for anyone of the reactants and cross-referenced to the lower subclasses providing for the other reactants.

E. Patents claiming synergistic or potentiated compositions have been classified as originals in the first appearing subclass providing for either the synergist, potentiator or active ingredient and cross-referenced to appropriate lower subclasses.

F. Patents claiming subject matter coming within the Special Subclasses 1.1-84, 125 and 126 have been classified on the basis of the disclosed or claimed function, or the particular subject matter provided for, in the first appearing subclass providing the same; e.g., Dentrifices, Embalming compositions, Solid synthetic organic polymer containing, etc., and no distinction has been made between the Class 424 active ingredients and nonactive ingredients with the one exception being applied to solid synthetic organic polymers, namely subclasses 78.01, 78.02+, and 78.08+. These subclasses consider only those polymers which are bioactive as defined therein.

G. Patents to adjuvant or carrier compositions, per se, which are claimed or solely disclosed for perfecting a composition for this class are classified as original in the first appearing appropriate subclass providing for any one of the ingredients in Class 514, appropriate subclasses, except where the claimed composition possesses a functional property or other feature which has been provided for in the Special subclasses 1.1-84, 125 and 126; e.g., Free carbon containing, Corrosion inhibitor containing, etc.

H. A patent claiming a Class 424 active ingredient broadly in terms of its function in combination with a specific adjuvant or carrier; e.g., "A tranquilizer and as a carrier therefore sugar and gelatin" has been classified as original in the first appearing subclass providing for any one of the disclosed specific active ingredients and cross-referenced to all other subclasses providing for the remaining disclosed active ingredients.

CLASSIFICATION LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES

A. General class lines

1.Compound Classes

a. Where a patent claims a composition in nominal terminology only; e.g., "A composition comprising a therapeutic amount of compound X", and there are no claims to a method of use, or true mixture, the original has been placed with the compound claimed. Some examples of nominal terminology are: "comprising as an active ingredient", "containing an effective amount of", "containing a lethal amount of, etc.

b. Where a patent claims dosage units (in the absence of more comprehensive or controlling claims as indicated below); e.g., "a tablet comprising (or containing) 15 grains of compound X" and in the absence of any structural limitations, definite shape, surface deformation, etc., the original has been placed with the compound.

c. Where a patent claims a composition wherein (1) another ingredient is recited, however broadly, or (2) proportions are recited, the original has been placed in Class 424. Some examples of claims reciting the following types of terminology are included herewith: "with a carrier", "with a solvent", "with an adjuvant", "with an emulsifier", "wetting agent", "solubilizer", "surface active agent", "extending agent", "buffering agent", "from 5% to 90%", "at least .05%", "minor proportion of compound X and major portions of carrier", etc.

d. Where a patent contains at least one claim to a method of use, even if only nominally recited; e.g., "a method of killing insects by applying compound X", the original has been placed in Class 424 (except when another use is also claimed which is superior to Class 424).

e. Where the patent claims an animal or plant extract of undetermined constitution, which is solely disclosed as being suitable for a Class 424 utility, the original will go to Class 424. Processes for obtaining such extracts will also be classified in Class 424 unless specifically provided for elsewhere.

1a. Cross References From Compound Classes

In most instances, cross-referencing from the compound classes into Class 424 has been limited to those disclosures which provide (1) a specific composition; e.g., numerical values setting forth definite amounts for all ingredients of the composition having Class 424 properties, and (2) processes of using a compound for a Class 424 purpose wherein the process is significant in that it sets forth the administration of the active ingredient in more than just nominal terminology, i.e., it recites administering a specific amount of a compound to treat a specific condition in a specified host. Patents containing a mere recitation that a compound may be administered; e.g., orally, in association with an unspecified pharmaceutical carrier will be excluded as cross-references.

2. Composition Classes

The following general lines exist between Class 424 and the other composition classes or with classes containing patents wherein the claims recite a composition limited to an art use provided for in that class.

a. Compositions which are disclosed as having a plurality of uses, properties, or functions provided for in different main classes and only a single use, property, or function is claimed, are placed in the composition providing for such claimed use, property, or function and cross-referenced to other classes for disclosed uses, properties, or functions when desirable.

b. A list of superiority of composition classes appears in the main class definition of Class 252 Compositions (5) Note. This note in Class 252 explains classification of a generic composition with several disclosed uses.

504, Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions

424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions

71, Chemistry: Fertilizers,

149, Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges

508, Solid Antifriction Devices, Materials Therefor, Lubricant and Separant Compositions for Moving Solid Surfaces, and Miscellaneous Mineral Oil Compositions

44, Fuel and Related Compositions

148, Metal Treatment

252, Compositions, (special uses and functions) through subclass 88.2.

510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions.

252, Compositions, (special uses and functions) through subclass 194.

106, Compositions: Coating or Plastic

51, Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition

520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers, subclasses 1+

260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds

585, Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds

252, Compositions, (nonspecial uses or functions).

426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products.

This superiority list is not intended as a complete list and will be expanded or added to as the relationship between other classes containing compositions and the above listed classes are determined.

B. Lines With Related Composition Classes

CLASS 504

1. Class 504 PLANT PROTECTING AND REGULATING COMPOSITIONS, provides for compositions having a stimulating, inhibiting (herbicides), or regulating action on plant growth and methods of using such compositions. Class 504 specifically provides for algicidal compositions and fertilizer compositions which contain an insecticide, fungicide, or deodorant. Class 504 is superior to Class 424. (See above for a list of superiority of composition classes).

2. If claims are drawn to a "pesticide" composition or method without specifically reciting the nature of the "pest" to be controlled or eradicated, the patent is placed as original in Class 424 when only a Class 424 type of "pest" (e.g., fungi, insect, rodent, etc.) is revealed in the patent disclosure. However, if both Class 504 and Class 424 types of "pest" are specifically disclosed or if no disclosure is made as to the specific type of pest, the patent is placed in Class 504 as original and cross-referenced to Class 424.

CLASS 8

1. Class 8, BLEACHING AND DYEING; FLUID TREATMENT AND CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF TEXTILES AND FIBERS, provides for processes of dyeing hair on a living animal, not provided for elsewhere, processes of depilating (i.e., removing hair, fur, or feathers) a living animal and for processes of chemical modification of hair not on a living body. Class 8 also provides for compositions used in these processes.

2. Class 424 provides for a composition for treating hair (e.g., waving etc.) on a living body, and methods of use which are no more than the mere application of the composition. To be placed in Class 424, a patent must either specifically disclose or claim that the hair is on a living body; e.g., living hair, etc., or contain other disclosure which definitely indicates an intent to use the composition or process on a living body; e.g., not injurious to the person, etc. Recitation that the hair is on the body; e.g., scalp, etc., will be presumed to indicate that the body is living in the absence of disclosure to the contrary. The mere recitation "human hair" by itself is not enough to indicate that the hair is on a living body.

CLASS 71

1. Class 71, CHEMISTRY: FERTILIZERS, provides for compositions having a nutrient action on plant growth and methods of using such compositions.

CLASS 426

1. Class 426, FOOD OR EDIBLE MATERIAL: PROCESSES, COMPOSITIONS, AND PRODUCTS, provides for compositions intended to nourish an animal by natural oral ingestion, which may contain an additive necessary to maintain the normal metabolism of the animal; e.g., vitamins, minerals, amino acids, etc.

2. Class 424 provides for compositions intended to nourish an animal when such compositions are designed to be administered to the animal by routes other than the oral cavity; e.g., by rectal or parenteral injection, or via a tube through the alimentary tract or stomach wall.

3. Class 424 provides for compositions containing a food or beverage when said compositions are claimed or solely disclosed as having a utility set forth in I above. However, a food or beverage containing a biocide as a preservative therefore will be classified as original in Class 426. Class 424 also provides for methods of preserving Class 426 products when said methods are no more than the mere use of biocides.

4. Class 424 further provides for food or beverage compositions containing an animal growth regulator or other anabolic agents. For purposes of classification, an animal growth regulator or anabolic agent is defined to include the following illustrative causative effects:

a. increase feed efficiency or weight gain

b. enhance color of egg yolks, combs, skin, or legs of chickens

c. enhance the hatchability of eggs

d. vary the fat-protein ratio or texture of flesh

e. chemically caponize an animal, etc.

5. Compositions wherein the nutritional ingredients fat, carbohydrate, or protein are varied to achieve a varied fat-flesh ratio in an animal or varied to meet the special nutritional needs of an abnormal metabolic condition; e.g., diabetes, etc., will not be considered as subject matter for Class 424.

CLASS 106

1. Class 106, COMPOSITIONS: COATING OR PLASTIC, provides for coating compositions which protect a base by forming a tough adherent film even though the composition also contains a biocide to protect the base against biological attack; e.g., marine antifouling paints, etc.

2. Materials or ingredients for coating and molding compositions (Class 106 appropriate subclasses) which are also useful as diluents or inert ingredients in pharmaceutical compositions are placed in Class 106 unless a therapeutic or biocidal property is claimed. Surgical sponges claimed only as being made from Class 106 compositions are placed in Class 106 if the sponge contains no active ingredient with a utility for Class 424. Patents claiming an ink suitable for coating or printing on pharmaceutical dosage units; e.g., tablets, etc., are placed in Class 106 unless the coated or printed article is also claimed.

3. Class 424 provides for the following coating compositions: compositions intended to decorate or beautify the body; e.g., hair lacquer, fingernail polish, lipstick, etc.; coating compositions which do not protect the base by forming a tough, adherent film and whose sole function is as a carrier for a composition of Class 424 utility; e.g., "stickers" which adhere insecticides to plants etc., whether or not claimed in combination with an active ingredient; coating compositions applied to the body for therapeutic purposes even though a tough, adherent film is formed; and coating compositions which do not form tough, adherent films and which have a utility provided for in Class 424; e.g., salve, skin cream, or a solution of a material, for example, a mixture of phenols to protect wood against insect, etc.

CLASS 119

1. Class 119, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, provides for an animal litter composition, per se.

2. Class 424 takes litter compositions combined with a compound or composition having a Class 424 utility; e.g., a biocide, etc.

CLASS 127

1. Class 127, SUGAR, STARCH, AND CARBOHYDRATES, provides for sugar, starch, and carbohydrates, per se, and their hydrolysis products, even if these materials have utility provided for in Class 424.

2. Class 424 provides for compositions containing sugar, starch, or carbohydrates; e.g., a blend of two carbohydrates, etc., having a claimed or solely disclosed utility provided for in Class 424.

CLASS 131

1. Class 131, TOBACCO, provides for tobacco compositions to be employed to enhance the users" well-being or enjoyment when smoked, chewed, or inhaled including snuff, and takes these compositions even when they have a Class 424 utility; e.g., medicated smoking tobacco, etc. Class 131 also provides for tobacco substitutes or compositions intended to decrease the individual"s need for tobacco and which are to be used in the same manner as tobacco; e.g., smoking, etc.

2. Class 424 takes a tobacco containing composition which is not intended to be smoked, chewed, etc. for the users" enjoyment; e.g., tobacco used as an insecticide, tobacco burned as a fumigant, etc., when said composition is claimed or solely disclosed for a Class 424 purpose. If the tobacco containing composition has plural functions with some functions provided for in Class 131 and some in Class 424, the patent will be placed in Class 131 as an original and crossed to Class 424. Class 424 also provides for compositions intended to decrease a person"s use of tobacco, but which are not intended to be smoked, chewed, etc., as tobacco; e.g., ingested or injected, etc.

CLASS 435

1. Class 435, CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY, provides for enzymes, per se, which are not more specifically provided for elsewhere, and enzyme compositions containing a preservative unless a Class 424 utility is recited in the claim or is the sole utility disclosed. Class 435 also takes a composition or method employing a line micro-organism for an in vitro test.

2. Class 424 provides for fermentates; e.g., antibiotics, etc., of unknown chemical structure wherein the fermentate is claimed or disclosed to have a utility specified in Class 424.

3. Class 424 provides for compositions containing micro-organisms either alive, dead, or attenuated; enzymes or coenzymes; ferments or fermentates; antigens or antibodies which are claimed or solely disclosed to have a Class 424 utility and methods of using said compositions.

4. Class 424 provides for compositions for in vivo measuring, testing, or diagnosis and methods of using said compositions or a compound for in vivo measuring, testing or diagnosis. This includes in vivo testing compositions containing an enzyme.

CLASS 252

1. Class 510, CLEANING COMPOSITIONS FOR SOLID SURFACES, AUXILIARY COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR, OR PROCESSES OF PREPARING THE COMPOSITIONS, provides for biocide containing cleaning and detergent compositions having a mere cleaning function.

2. Class 252 provides for compositions specifically classified therein protected against biological attack by a composition otherwise classifiable in Class 424. Class 252, provides for stabilized compositions where the ingredients other than the stabilizers are claimed so broadly as not to furnish a basis of classification (e.g., a carbon compound, etc.).

3. See Class 512 for perfume compositions, per se.

4. Class 424 takes all other detergent or emulsifier containing compositions which are claimed or solely disclosed for a Class 424 purpose.

CLASS 260

1. Class 260, CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS, provides for a compound classified therein containing a preservative; e.g., to protect the compound against biological attack, etc., when there is no claim to an art use for the mixture.

CLASS 585

1. Class 585, CHEMISTRY OF HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS, provides for a composition which is a blend of hydrocarbon compounds only and for a blend of a hydrocarbon with a nonhydrocarbon preservative.

CLASS 423

1. Class 423, CHEMISTRY OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS, provides for compositions containing an element or an inorganic compound combined with a preservative; e.g., a substance which protects the element or compound against biological attack, etc. However, a Class 423 element or compound containing a preservative, in which state it is claimed or solely disclosed as having a Class 424 utility, is placed as an original in Class 424.

C. Lines with other classes

CLASS 43

1. Class, 43, FISHING, TRAPPING, AND VERMIN DESTROYING, provides for apparatus for trapping or destroying vermin; i.e., animals injurious or pestiferous to man. The apparatus may utilize a composition classifiable in Class 424; e.g., attractant, nonfood bait, poison, etc. Class 43 structural elements containing a Class 424 composition must have more structure than, for example, that represented by a mere coated or impregnated base; e.g., flypaper of a particular shape or dimension, etc. Class 43 also provides for fumigating candles used for destroying vermin claimed in terms of more structure than a compound or composition containing a nominal wick.

2. vermin which is more than the mere application of a compound or Class 424 composition.

3. Class 424 takes methods of destroying vermin which are no more than a single step of mere application of a compound or a Class 424 composition.

4. Class 424 takes articles for trapping or destroying vermin claimed in terms of no more structure than a coating or impregnant on a base. Class 424 also takes fumigating candles of no more structure than compound or composition nominally containing a wick.

CLASS 119

1. Class 119, ANIMAL HUSBANDRY, provides for the treatment of animals other than man to increase their growth rate, produce a superior quality or quantity of meat, control their sex or the killing of unwanted organisms which interfere with the growth or well-being of the desired animal if the method is more than the mere application or applications of a Class 424 composition or compositions.

2. Class 424 takes a process of treatment of an animal with a compound or composition for a Class 424 purpose which process is a single step or a plurality of steps, each step individually being no more than a mere application of a compound or composition, and there is no manipulative step included.

CLASS 128

1. Class 128, SURGERY, provides for bandages, body applicators or body dressings which contain a medicine and are claimed in terms of morestructure than a randomly distributed single layer on a base material or randomly impregnated base material. For example, Class 128 takes a base material wherein certain portions thereof are impregnated with an adhesive and other portions are impregnated with a Class 424 medicine at those places where there is no adhesive backing on a gauze impregnated with a Class 424 composition, etc. Class 128 also provides for a bandage, body applicator, or body dressing containing a Class 424 composition and which is claimed in terms of specific structure; e.g., pore size, thickness, length, width, etc.

2. Class 424 takes a bandage, body applicator, or body dressing which contains a specific or nominally recited medicinal ingredient which is either randomly distributed in a single layer on a base material or randomly impregnated in a base material.

3. Class 128 provides for a process of use of a Class 424 composition which is more than single or plural steps of mere application of one or more Class 424 compositions; e.g., removal of a body fluid such as milk, adding medicine to the fluid and re-injecting the fluid, surgical implantation, etc.

4. Class 424 provides for a process of applying a compound or composition to a living body wherein said process is no more than the mere application of the compound or composition, or wherein said process is a combination of steps, each step individually being a mere application, and there are no manipulative steps included. Class 424 takes; e.g., oral administration, injection, etc., even if the particular part of the body treated is recited.

5. Class 128 will take a capsule or pill, not specifically provided for elsewhere, that must be broken prior to use to empty its contents, even if said capsule or pill contains a specific medicine. This includes an inhalant capsule.

6. Class 128 provides for a dosage unit; e.g., suppository, etc., shaped to fit a particular body cavity, even if the active ingredients are claimed specifically.

7. Class 424 takes a medicine in the form of a capsule or pill that is ingested, as well as a method of using an inhalant capsule by squeezing said capsule to liberate the enclosed medicine.

8. Class 128 provides for methods of blood transfusion and insemination by artificial means.

9. Class 128 provides for catgut impregnated with a medicine.

CLASS 132

1. Class 132, TOILET, provides for a process of treating the hair on the scalp (e.g., waving, etc.) which is more than the mere application of a Class 424 composition. This includes plural treatments with more than one Class 424 composition (e.g., waving composition followed by neutralizing), and the application of a Class 424 composition combined with a hair treating step, per se, classifiable in Class 132, even if the Class 132 step is only claimed broadly; e.g., application of Class 424 composition combined with "waving" or "shaping the hair" etc.

2. Class 132 provides for dental floss and toothpicks claimed in terms of their shape or structure and nominally recited toothpicks or dental floss which are not classifiable in Class 424.

3. Class 424 takes methods of treating hair on the living body (other than dyeing) which are no more than the mere application of a composition or compound to the hair.

4. Class 424 provides for toothpicks and dental floss which are claimed nominally and which contain a compound or composition having a utility for Class 424.

CLASS 435

1. Class 435, CHEMISTRY: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND MICROBIOLOGY, provides for methods of purifying, propagating or attenuating a micro-organism; e.g., a virus, bacteria, etc., except for propagating a micro-organism in an animal for the purpose of producing an antibody containing sera.

2. Class 435, provides for methods of propagating animal organs, tissues or cells; e.g., blood, sperm, etc., and culture media therefor.

3. Class 435 is the generic home for processes of (1) analyzing or testing which involve a fermentation step or (2) qualitative or quantitative testing for fermentability, or fermentative power.

4. Class 424 provides for methods of in vivo testing, measuring or diagnosis employing a Class 424 compound or composition.

5. Class 424 provides for methods of producing an antibody composition using a live micro-organism; e.g., virus or bacteria, etc., as the antibody inducing agent. For example, injecting a horse with a virus to produce an antibody containing sera.

CLASS 206

1. Class 206, SPECIAL RECEPTACLE OR PACKAGE, provides for a dosage unit made up of a therapeutic material or article and a container, where the container is intended to be physically removed from the therapeutic material or article; e.g., a wrapped pill or capsule, etc.

2. Class 424 takes a structured dosage unit which is intended to be used as a whole without disassembly or removal of a part; e.g., unwrapping. Examples of dosage units provided for in Class 424 are a capsule filled with coated particulate material intended to be swallowed whole, and a filled soluble, gelatin container intended to be dissolved into water or other liquid.

CLASS 210

1. Class 210, LIQUID PURIFICATION OR SEPARATION, provides for a process for the separation from a liquid of any character of material and a process of a liquid mixture not elsewhere provided for.

2. Class 424 provides for a process of (1) merely adding a chemical to water to impart medicinal values thereto and the resultant treated water; e.g., the fluoridating of drinking water, etc., or (2) merely adding a biocide to water for preventing growth of animal matter or micro-organisms other than algae, where as to either (1) or (2) there are no other additional water treating steps defined.

CLASS 422

1. Class 422, CHEMICAL APPARATUS AND PROCESS DISINFECTING, DEODORIZING, PRESERVING, OR STERILIZING, provides for a process of preserving, disinfecting, or sterilizing which is more than the mere application of a compound or Class 424 composition.

2. Class 422 also provides for fumigating apparatus including fumigating candles in which the shape of the wick or candle is claimed.

3. Class 424 takes a process of preserving against decay, deterioration by a living organism, including disinfecting or sterilizing to prevent the above by employing a compound or composition, which process is no more than the mere application of the compound or composition. Class 424 will also take a nominal product resulting from such a process, where structure sufficient for classification elsewhere is not recited.

4. Class 424 also takes a compound or composition, intended to be used for a Class 424 purpose, nominally recited as containing a wick.

CLASS 264

1. Class 264, PLASTIC AND NONMETALLIC ARTICLE SHAPING OR TREATING: PROCESSES, provides for manufacturing dosage units by shaping; e.g., molding, etc., a Class 424 composition. The line between Class 424 and Class 264 is that set forth in the main Class 264 definition, Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, Chemical Composition Classes.

CLASS 427

1. Class 427, COATING PROCESSES, has the following line with Class 424. For purposes of placement of a patent between Class 424 and class 427, the controlling claim will be determined according to superiority of invention as follows with regard to claims of equal comprehensiveness.

(1) Treating a living body

(2) Coating product

(3) Method of coating

(4) Composition

2. Class 427 provides for a claim to a significant coating process, as set forth in the Class 427 definitions, in which an inanimate base is coated with a compound or composition which may have a Class 424 utility. In placement of a patent directed to a process of coating a dosage unit; e.g., pill, tablet, etc., the line between Class 427 and the coating composition Classes is followed.

3. Class 424 provides for a claim to a process of treating the living body (as between Class 424 and Class 427) even though the method of treatment is a coating step.

4. Class 424 provides for a claim to a method of coating (not significant for Class 427) a base or substrate with a compound or composition having a Class 424 utility.

CLASS 428

1. Class 428, STOCK MATERIAL OR MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES, provides for a stock material product in the form of a single or plural layer web or sheet as provided for therein and which contains a biocide.

2. An article impregnated with a biocide and not containing structure (e.g., size or apertures) and not elsewhere provided (see the Search Class reference to Class 428 below for an example) will be classified in Class 424.

3. Class 428 provides for a claim to a coated or impregnated article, not otherwise provided for, which comprises a base preserved by a composition or compound which has a Class 424 utility, (e.g., mothproofed textile or termite proofed wood).

4. Class 424 provides for a claim to a base coated with a compound or composition which has a Class 424 utility and in which the base function as a carrier for the active material (e.g., medicated applicator or mosquito repellent fabric). Class 424 also provides for a claim to a coated dosage unit containing a substance having a Class 424 utility.

REFERENCES TO THE SEARCH CLASS NOTES IN REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES, BELOW

References to Other Classes, below, contains the following:

A. Compounds and Compositions

B. Processes of Use Involving Class 424 Subject Matter

C. Other Processes

D. Apparatus and Articles - Bio-Affecting or Other

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

The meaning to be given to the various "art" terms appearing in this class, but which have not been included in the glossary below, is the same as that generally accepted or is in common usage. However, certain terms employed in this class, which are included below, have been assigned definitions tailored to meet the needs of this class and therefore these may be more restricted or less limited or even altogether different from those in common usage.

ACTIVE

Denotes a physiological, pharmacological, or biological affect.

AMINE

Denotes a compound in which one or more of the valences of a nitrogen atom have been satisfied by a covalently bonded carbon atom.

AROMATIC

Denotes a compound which contains a benzene nucleus whether or not it is condensed with other rings.

CARBOXYLIC

Denotes the presence of a moiety.

FERMENTATE

Denotes the final chemical compound, or compounds, that are produced by a fermentation process and includes compounds which are of known as well as unknown structure.

HEAVY METAL

Denotes any metal having a specific gravity greater than 4 and as employed herein includes arsenic and antimony.

HETEROCYCLIC

Denotes the presence of one or more carbon atoms covalently bonded in a closed ring with at least one atom of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium and having no other atoms in the ring.

ORGANIC

Denotes compounds containing carbon, which are further characterized by the presence in a molecule thereof of two carbon atoms bonded together; or one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of hydrogen or halogen; or one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of nitrogen by a single or double bond.

OXO

Denotes the presence of a carbonyl (C=O) bonded to hydrogen and/or carbon and is a term limited to ketones and aldehydes.

OXY

Denotes the presence of oxygen singly bonded to a carbon, which is not the carbon of a carbonyl group, and is further bonded to hydrogen, metal or an organic radical. The term is generic to alcohols, phenols, alcoholates, phenolates, ethers and esters thereof.

POTENTIATOR OR SYNERGIST

Denotes an agent (A) which will cooperatively act with an active ingredient for this class (B) to the extent that the total effect (A+B) will be greater than the sum of the two effects taken independently.

UNITARY DOSAGE FORM

Denotes that form of medication supplied in a manner requiring no further weighing or measuring to provide the dosage; e.g., tablet, capsule, etc. Medicines in bulk form; e.g., powder, syrup, etc., are not included.

SUBCLASSES

1.11	RADIONUCLIDE OR INTENDED RADIONUCLIDE CONTAINING; ADJUVANT OR CARRIER COMPOSITIONS; INTERMEDIATE OR PREPARATORY COMPOSITIONS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions containing a radionuclide or an element intended to be converted to a radionuclide (such as Boron-10 which may be neutron-activated for radio-therapy); methods of making such compositions; class defined methods of using such compositions; class defined methods of using compounds, per se, containing a radionuclide or an element intended to be converted to a radionuclide; adjuvant or carrier compositions for perfecting compositions of this class; and intermediate or preparatory compositions for compounds or compositions proper for Class 424. (1) Note. Radionuclide is an unstable isotope, capable of emitting radiant energy through a process termed decay. Commonly used terms which are substantially synonymous include: radiolabeled, radioactive, and radioisotope. (2) Note. An intended radionuclide is an element which is by disclosure or common knowledge intended to be converted to a radionuclide to take advantage of the property or properties exhibited by a radionuclide. This subclass and indented subclasses should be read as incorporating the intended radionuclide embodiment in every instance. (3) Note. All elements have multiple isotopes; some radioactive, some not; some naturally occurring; and some man-made. The recitation of a radionuclide will inherently encompass a mixture of isotopes; however, this is not sufficient for placement in Class 424. For placement in Class 424, an intentional mixture of different compounds or different elements or one (or more) of each is required. (4) Note. Class 424 takes compounds mixed with a preserving agent when disclosed or claimed for a Class 424 function or utility. Further, Class 424 provides for a solution of a compound when disclosed or claimed for a Class 424 function or utility. (5) Note. The intermediate and preparatory compositions are provided for in this subclass and indented subclasses, even though the radionuclide or intended radionuclide may not be present in the claim. The adjuvant and carrier compositions are provided for in this and indented subclasses, even though the radionuclide or intended radionuclide may not be present in the claim. When there are also disclosed or claimed non-radionuclide uses of the intermediate, preparatory, adjuvant, or carrier composition, appropriate cross-references are necessary elsewhere in Classes 424 and 514. (6) Note. Subclass 1.11 is the appropriate residual location for those compositions, and the appropriate class defined uses, containing a per se radionuclide element or a per se intended radionuclide element (i.e., the elemental material). For example, compositions and methods comprising radioactive Radon baths are found here. Any indication of a compound; i.e., attachment (e.g., recitation of an ion), dictates that proper placement is in an indented subclass, even in the absence of a specifically disclosed compound. In the case of an indicated, but not specifically disclosed compound, the original would be placed in subclass 1.61 and a cross placed in: subclass 1.65 for metal radionuclide or intended metal radionuclide; subclasses 1.81+ for nonmetal radionuclide or intended nonmetal radionuclide; or both. (7) Note. The following rule adheres to the rule set forth in Class 514, which statement in Class 514: (A) this and indented subclasses do not provide for cross-reference patents which are originally classified in Class 260, compound areas, or in the Class 530-570 series or in Class 585. Cross-reference patents that are originally classified in the Class 520 series are permitted; (B) the cross-reference rule elaborated above means that a specific compound having a disclosed or even specifically claimed utility (i.e., compound X having an attached radionuclide useful as an anti-cancer diagnostic or treatment agent) will be classifiable only in Class 260 or the Class 530-570 series or Class 585. (8) Note. The terminology "derivative thereof" means that the compound retains the biological activity of the compound from which the subclass provides and from which it is derived, or that the compound retains the structural characteristic that places it in the subclass. (9) Note. Kits. Claims and disclosures to in vivo kits are classified according to the following guidelines. The use of nominal terms to identify the kit such as "kit," "vial," "container," etc., are disregarded and placement is premised on the radiolabeled product intended for placement in the body even if the ingredients actually recited do not include all the necessary components to form the radiolabeled product (e.g., intermediate). The presence of an accessory such as "instructions", "syringe", "filter", etc., have no effect on this aspect of placement. Claiming of significant packaging or container structure will result in placement in Class 206 when the packaging requirements of that class definition is satisfied. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 2+, for in vivo diagnostic compositions not comprising a radionuclide or intended radionuclide. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 75,  Specialized Metallurgical Processes, Compositions for Use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures,   appropriate subclasses for patents relative to the metallurgy of a radioactive metal element or alloy. 204,  Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   appropriate subclasses for a chemical process making a compound or element and involving the class defined use of electrical or wave energy. 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   for kits which meet the class definition, particularly subclass 438 for a container for an object or substance adapted for use in wound or disease treatment of the body, subclasses 216+ for container which is for two or more diverse articles or materials or which is structured so that at least a portion thereof is capable of rearrangement for a secondary purpose (especially subclasses 568, 569, and 570) and subclasses 524.1+ for container wherein the cover or contents are specified in terms of chemical constituents. 250,  Radiant Energy,   subclasses 496.1+ for a radioactive source alone or with a shielded container to selectively shield or expose the source, subclass 432 for generators which also separate parent and daughter isotopes. 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 625+ for a radioactive composition and methods of making and disposal thereof, not provided for elsewhere. 376,  Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements,   appropriate subclasses for apparatus and processes for the production and/or utilization of a radioactive material or composition, especially subclasses 156+ for bombardment of a material to produce an induced nuclear reaction (other than that resulting in the splitting of a nucleus); e.g., transmutation, making radioactive material, producing isotopes of the same or different element. 420,  Alloys or Metallic Compositions,   subclasses 1+ for radioactive alloys. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving or Sterilizing,   subclasses 50+ for apparatus for in vitro quantitative or qualitative chemical analysis and laboratory devices, especially subclass 61 for in vitro test package or kit (e.g., radioassay). 423,  Chemistry of Inorganic Compounds,   subclasses 2+ and 249+ for radioactive elements or inorganic compounds and class defined methods of making same. 427,  Coating Processes,   subclasses 2.1+ for coating processes producing a medical or dental product (e.g., coated pills) and subclasses 5+ for coating a radioactive base or applying a radioactive coating. 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   see appropriate subclasses: for processes in which a material containing an enzyme or micro-organism is used to perform a qualitative or quantitative measurement or test; for compositions or test strips for either of the stated processes; for the processes of making such compositions or test strips; for processes of using micro-organisms or enzymes to synthesize a chemical product; for processes of treating a material with micro-organisms or enzymes to separate, liberate, or purify a preexisting substance or to destroy hazardous or toxic waste; for processes of propagating micro-organisms; for processes of genetically altering a micro-organism; for processes of tissue, organ, blood, sperm, or microbial maintenance; for processes of malting or mashing; for micro-organisms, per se, and subcellular parts thereof; for recombinant vectors and their preparation; for enzymes, per se, compositions containing enzymes not otherwise provided for and processes of preparing and purifying enzymes; for compositions for microbial propagation; for apparatus for any of the processes of the class; for composting apparatus; and subclasses 4+ for in vitro processes in which there is a direct or indirect, qualitative or quantitative, measurement or test, by or of a material which contains an enzyme or micro-organism (for the purposes of Class 435, micro-organism includes bacteria, actinomycetales, cyanobacteria (unicellular algae), fungi, protozoa, animal cells, plant cells, and virus). Class 424 definition contains controlling statements on the class lines. 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   appropriate subclasses for processes which involve a chemical reaction for determining quantitatively or qualitatively the presence of a chemical element, a compound or a complex in a composition or a chemical compound, or an element or radical in a compound; for processes of measuring or testing the chemical properties of a sample, or chemically determining a physical property of a sample; for analytical compositions used in such processes (see Class 436, main definition, Lines With Other Classes and Within This Class, for exceptions); for chemical test standards; and for combinations of tests or measurements with methods of regulating a chemical reaction not otherwise provided for in a chemical synthesis class or elsewhere. See especially, subclasses 57+ for processes or compositions where the testing or a chemical reaction includes measurement of radioactivity; subclasses 500-548 for processes of in vitro measuring or testing which involve antigen-antibody, immunological, or protein binding interactions other than those involving an enzyme or micro-organism. Class 436 provides for in vivo production (i.e., by treatment of a live animal with a virus or micro-organism) of immunological (e.g., anti-sera) material when intended for use in an in vitro test. 530,  Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof,   appropriate subclasses for, per se, compounds including those which have attached thereto a radionuclide, such as radiolabeled proteins, peptides, and polypeptides. 534,  Organic Compounds,   subclasses 10+ for an organic compound, per se, containing a radioactive metal. 600,  Surgery,   subclasses 1+ for a device or process applying radioactive substance to or into the body for a therapeutic purpose and wherein more than one nominal step or a series of nominal steps is recited, subclasses 431+ for diagnostic testing processes wherein the radioactive material is placed in the body, and subclass 436 for diagnostic testing processes involving nuclear radiation directed against and passing through or reflected from the body.

1.13	In aerosol, fine spray, effervescent, pressurized fluid, vapor or gas, or complete composition therefor:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter which is contained in or part of an aerosol, a fine spray, an effervescent, a pressurized fluid, a vapor, a gas, or a composition intended for such use and not requiring any additional component to perfect it other than a pressurizing agent (e.g., heat). (1) Note. Gaseous compositions and methods comprising radioactive Xenon for lung studies are found here.

1.17	Attached to or within viable or inviable whole micro-organism, cell, virus, fungus or specified sub-cellular structure thereof (e.g., platelet, red blood cell):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to, or contained within, a whole microbial organism, cell, virus, fungus, or specified sub-cellular structure thereof. (1) Note. Examples of materials intended for placement in this subclass include: platelet, red blood cell, mitochondria, and chloroplast. (2) Note. This subclass is proper for cells, viruses, etc., which are live, attenuated, or dead. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.65+, for cellular extracts of undefined or unspecified composition. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclasses 183+ for radiolabeled enzymes, per se, and processes of preparing them, subclasses 243+ for, radiolabeled micro-organisms, per se, and processes of preparing them, subclass 262.5 for processes of utilizing an enzyme or micro-organism to destroy a toxic or hazardous waste or to convert it into an environmentally safe substance, and subclass 317.1 for radiolabeled subcellular parts of micro-organisms.

1.21	Molecular bilayer structure (e.g., vesicle, liposome):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter which includes a structure typically characterized by molecules having a hydrophilic end or a hydrophobic end which are organized into a bilayer so as to produce an enclosed volume, an organized layer, or a coating. (1) Note. The radionuclide or intended radionuclide may be attached to the wall structure or may be enclosed within it or may be exterior to it or any combination thereof. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.17, for cells and sub-cellular structures which may have bilayer structures forming a part thereof. 2+, for liposome intended for testing or measuring a condition or substance and not containing a radionuclide. 450, for liposomes containing compositions of this class other than radionuclide containing, and other than intended for testing or measuring a condition or substance. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 264,  Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,   subclasses 4+ for generic, or not elsewhere provided for, processes of encapsulating a material which is a liquid (at ambient temperature and pressure) utilizing an emulsion or dispersion (e.g., making microsphere, liposome). 427,  Coating Processes,   subclasses 213.3+ for generic, or not elsewhere provided for, processes of encapsulating a solid material utilizing an emulsion or dispersion (e.g., making microcapsule, liposome). 428,  Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,   subclasses 402.2+ and 402.24 for generic, or not elsewhere provided for, liposomes, per se. 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   subclass 829 for in vitro antigen-antibody testing involving liposomes.

1.25	Dissolving or eluting from solid or gel matrix (e.g., capsule, tablet):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the composition comprises a physical form which includes a reticulated network of solid or gel material from which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is eluted, or is released by dissolution of the network. (1) Note. Proper for placement in this subclass are compositions in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide component is entrapped and compositions in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide component is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to the matrix. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.29+, for those particulate carriers which dissolve, bio-assimilate, or bio-degrade (e.g., in the host) only after the diagnostic or therapeutic process has been accomplished.

1.29	Coated, impregnated, or colloidal particulate (e.g., microcapsule, microsphere, micro-aggregate, macro-aggregate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the composition comprises a coated, impregnated, or colloidal particle wherein the radionuclide or intended radionuclide may be present in any part of the particle, coating, or impregnant (e.g., colloidal human serum albumin). (1) Note. The core of a coated particle may comprise a solid, liquid, or gas (e.g., gas-filled glass microsphere, liquid core microcapsule). However, solid or gel core particles from which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is eluted or dissolved are classified in subclass 1.25 above. (2) Note. A particle coated or impregnated with a composition provided for in this class and in which the composition functions only to preserve the particle from biological attack is generally classified with the particular particle protected, for example, a lyophilized radiolabeled monoclonal antibody impregnated or coated with a Class 424 biocide would be properly classified with the lyophilized radiolabeled monoclonal antibody, per se, in Class 530. (3) Note. The coating need not be continuous. The coating material may be adsorbed, chelated, complexed, covalently bonded, ionically bonded, or hydrogen bonded. (4) Note. An emulsion is not proper for this subclass based solely on the "attachment" of the emulsifying agent to form a coating. (5) Note. Particulate or particle encompasses a form of solid material of such small size that it behaves in a fluid manner (e.g., microcapsule, but not unit dose pills). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.21, for liposomes which may encapsulate or coat a particle. 1.25, for particulate material further comprising a reticulated network of solid or gel from which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is eluted or is relased by dissolution of the network.

1.33	Delivery to active site involves particle dissolving, degrading, or otherwise releasing of radionuclide:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.29.  Subject matter in which the particle dissolves, degrades, or otherwise releases the radionuclide or intended radionuclide in order to deliver it to the active site, such as a time release microcapsule. (1) Note. This subclass is intended to take those compositions which release the radionuclide at a location distant from the target location. Compositions which release the radionuclide within a target cell in the body would not be proper for placement here on that basis. (2) Note. A particle designed to dissolve, degrade, etc., (e.g., bio-degradable, bio-assimilable) after the diagnosis, treatment, etc., is not proper for placement here on that basis.

1.37	Radionuclide or intended radionuclide in an organic compound:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.29.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to or a part of an organic compound. (1) Note. See (1) Note in subclass 1.65 for definition of an organic compound.

1.41	Attached to lymphokine, cytokine, or other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator specific for a hematopoietic cell (e.g., interferon, interleukin, macrophage factor, colony stimulating factor, erythropoietin); derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to a lymphokine, cytokine, or other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator specific for any type of hematopoietic cell; and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. The term "growth regulatory factor" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that is growth-stimulatory or growth-inhibitory (i.e., that will stimulate or inhibit cluneal expansion of cells). (2) Note. The term "differentiation factor" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that causes cells to progress from a relatively undifferentiated state to a more differentiated state, wherein said progression may include cluneal expansion. (3) Note. The term "intercellular mediator" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that affects cellular functions such as chemotaxis, etc. (4) Note. Included here are: interferon (IF), interleukin, monokines, macrophage factors, lymphokines, migration inhibitory factor (MIF), lymphotoxin (LT), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (CIF), eosinophil chemotactic factor-precursor substance (ECFp), eosinophil stimulation promoter, eosinophil chemotactic factor, monocyte tissue factor, mitogenic factor (MF), lymphocyte activity-factor (LAF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), skin reactive factor (SRF), macrophage cytotoxicity factor (MCF), leukocyte inhibition factor (LIF), vascular permeability factor (VPF), T cell growth factor (TCGF), B cell growth factor (BCGF), erythroid burst promoter, genetically related macrophage factor (GRF), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and macrophage activating factor (MAF). (5) Note. Hematopoietic cells are considered to be bone marrow stem cells and cells derived from bone marrow stem cells, including cells at any stage of differentiation from progenitor cells to mature erythrocytes, granulocytes, lymphocytes, etc., both normal and neoplastic.

1.45	Attached to cyclopentano-hydrophenanthrene (e.g., cholesterol, bile acid, steroids, cholane), hormone, or neurotransmitter, or other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator (e.g., T3, T4, insulin, human chorionic gonadotropin, intragonadal regulatory protein, Mullerian inhibiting substance, inhibin, epidermal growth factor, nerve growth factor, dopamine, norepinephrine); derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to a cyclopentano-hydrophenanthrene (e.g., cholesterol), hormone, or neurotransmitter, or any other secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor or intercellular mediator, or derivative thereof, that targets cells other than hematopoietic cells; and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. The term "growth regulatory factor" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that is growth-stimulatory or growth-inhibitory (i.e., that will stimulate or inhibit cluneal expansion of cells). (2) Note. The term "differentiation factor" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that causes cells to progress from a relatively undifferentiated state to a more differentiated state, wherein said progression may include cluneal expansion. (3) Note. The term "intercellular mediator" is meant to encompass any secretory factor that affects cellular functions such as chemotaxis, etc. (4) Note. Cyclopentano-hydrophenanthrene or a derivative thereof means those compounds which do not destroy the 17 carbon atoms forming the four-fused-ring structure. The four-fused-ring structure need not contain the same number of hydrogen atoms or double bonds to be proper for placement here. The necessary requirement is that the 17 carbons atoms retain the relationship exhibited in the base compound. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.21, for liposomes containing cholesterol and derivatives within the liposome or liposome bilayer. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 552,  Organic Compounds,   for per se cyclopentano-hydrophenanthrene and derivatives thereof.

1.49	Attached to antibody or antibody fragment or immunoglobulin; derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an antibody, or an antibody fragment, or immunoglobulin (e.g. monoclonal antibody); and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. Antibodies, per se, including those having attached thereto a radionuclide, such as monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, are considered to be compounds and are classified in Class 530, subclasses 387.1+. (2) Note. Proper for placement here are mixtures or compositions, such as an immune serum or an antiserum, which are disclosed or reasonably believed to have antibodies attached to radionuclide or intended radionuclide. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   appropriate subclasses for in vitro test methods including those methods which include injecting a host animal to produce an antibody or antisera if the virus or micro-organism injected is dead. Class 424 provides for such methods, when the virus or micro-organism is live. 530,  Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof,   particularly subclasses 391.3+ for the radiolabeled compound, per se.

1.53	Attachment via an added element (e.g., bifunctional compound or coordinate, coupling agent, spacer compound, bridging compound, conjugated chelate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.49.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an antibody, antibody fragment, immunoglobulin, or derivative thereof via an added, interposed linking means, comprising at least one atom, between the radionuclide and the antibody, antibody fragment, immunoglobulin, or derivative thereof. (1) Note. Examples of terms used to describe the subject matter proper for placement in this subclass include: bifunctional compound or coordinate, spacer compound, bridging compound, conjugated chelate, chelating group, coordination complex, coupling agent, and conjugation agent. (2) Note. In the absence of a disclosure of an added attachment means the reference is not properly placed in this subclass, and is proper for subclass 1.49, above. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 530,  Chemistry: Natural Resins or Derivatives; Peptides or Proteins; Lignins or Reaction Products Thereof,   particularly subclasses 391.3+ for the radiolabeled compound, per se.

1.57	Attached to antigen or hapten; derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an antigen or a hapten; and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. An antigen is a compound which induces the formation of an antibody in the living body. (2) Note. A hapten is a compound that has little or no antigenicity unless coupled to a carrier molecule. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.49+, for radionuclide or intended radionuclide attached to antibody, antibody fragment, or immunoglobulin.

1.61	In an inorganic compound:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to or a part of an inorganic compound. (1) Note. See Note (1) in subclass 1.65 for a definition of organic compound. An inorganic compound is any compound that does not meet the definition of an organic compound. (2) Note. An inorganic compound does not mean the, per se, element, but does include homogenous compounds such as I2. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.11, through 1.37, as appropriate, for class defined compositions containing or methods using, an unattached radionuclide or an unattached intended radionuclide.

1.65	In an organic compound:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.11.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide comprises an organic compound. (1) Note. An organic compound is defined by the following statement (which originated from the definition set forth in Class 260, Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, as qualified by Note (34)): Compounds containing carbon which are further characterized by the presence in a molecule thereof of two carbon atoms bonded together, or one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of hydrogen or halogen, or one atom of carbon bonded to at least one atom of nitrogen by a single or double bond; including dicyanamide, dicyandiamide and salts thereof, which compounds, per se, are classified in Class 260; and excluding hydrocyanic acid, cyanogen, isocyanic acid, cyanamide, cyanogen halides, isothiocyanic acid, fulminic acid and metal carbides, all of which compounds, per se, will be classified in Class 423. (2) Note. This subclass is the proper residual location for those class-appropriate compositions and uses having organic compounds not appropriate above or for a hereinunder indented subclass and having a radionuclide or an element intended to be converted to a radionuclide attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) thereto which is a metal. The analogous class-appropriate compositions and uses having organic compounds having attached thereto a nonmetal are proper for subclasses 1.81+, below. (3) Note. A metal is any element other than a nonmetal. The nonmetals are: Hydrogen, Boron, Carbon, Silicon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon; (H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, F, Cl, Br, I, As, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn.) SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 260,  Chemistry of Carbon Compounds,   see (1) Note above. 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclasses 174+ and 183+ for radiolabeled enzymes, per se.

1.69	Attached to peptide or protein of 2+ amino acid units (e.g., dipeptide, folate, fibrinogen, transferrin, sp. enzymes); derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.65.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to a compound which contains one or more peptide bonds; and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. The term peptide bond means an amide bond (the group N-C(=O)) between two alpha-amino acids or an alpha-amino acid and beta-alanine. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.17, for proteinaceous cells or viruses and sub-cellular structures. 1.41, for proteins which are hematopoietic cell specific, secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator such as lymphokine. 1.45, for proteins which are secreted growth regulatory factor, differentiation factor, or intercellular mediator not specific to hematopoietic cells. 1.49+, for proteins which are antibodies. 1.57, for proteins which are intended to perform as antigens or haptens. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclasses 174+ and 183+ for radiolabeled enzymes, per se.

1.73	Attached to carbohydrate compound; derivative thereof (e.g., DNA, nucleotide, nucleoside, sugar, starch, tannin, saccharide, polysaccharide, cellulose, O-, N- and S-glycoside, vitamin B12):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.65.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to a carbohydrate compound which is a saccharide and whose monomeric units are polyhydroxy mono-aldehydes or polyhydroxy mono-ketones, having the formula Cn(H2O)n, wherein n is five or six, or the corresponding cyclic hemiacetals thereof, or the reaction derivatives thereof in which the carbon skeleton and the carbonyl function or hemiacetal function of the saccharide unit are not destroyed; and the derivatives thereof. (1) Note. For proper placement here, the saccharide or the monomeric saccharide radical unit of a polysaccharide must contain at least five carbon atoms, and the derivatives or reaction products must not destroy the carbon skeleton of the saccharide or polysaccharide.

1.77	Phosphorus-containing organic compound:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.65.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to, or a part of, an organic compound having a phosphorus atom. (1) Note. An organic compound having a radioactive phosphorus atom is proper for placement in this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.61, for the inorganic phosphate, pyrophosphate, or polyphosphate.

1.81	Nonmetal radionuclide or intended radionuclide (e.g., carbon):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.65.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is a nonmetal and is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an organic compound. (1) Note. A nonmetal is a member of the group: Hydrogen, Boron, Carbon, Silicon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine, Astatine, Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon, and Radon (i.e., H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, F, Cl, Br, I, As, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn).

1.85	Halogen:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.81.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is a halogen (i.e., F, Cl, Br, I, and At) and is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an organic compound.

1.89	Fluorine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.85.  Subject matter in which the radionuclide or intended radionuclide is fluorine and is attached (bonded, chelated, complexed) to an organic compound.

9.1	IN VIVO DIAGNOSIS OR IN VIVO TESTING:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter which includes compositions intended for use in in vivo testing or in vivo diagnosis and nominal methods of using compounds or compositions for in vivo testing or in vivo diagnosis. (1) Note. Claims which include in vivo diagnosis or in vivo tests as merely incidental to the treatment of a patient are classified in one of the appropriate treatment subclasses below. (2) Note. In vivo, for this and the indented subclasses, means the actual test or diagnosis step must occur in or on the living subject. (3) Note. In a plural step test procedure, if the actual analysis step takes place in vivo, the test method is classified in this or the indented subclasses. If the actual analysis step takes place in vitro, no matter how many other steps in the method involve in vivo treatment or administration, the test method will be classified in another class appropriate for such an in vitro test method. (4) Note. Included herein are methods of determining the efficacy of a bioaffecting compound or composition. (5) Note. These subclasses (424/9.1+) provide for plural step in vivo diagnostic procedures which utilize bioaffecting compounds or compositions wherein one of the steps is no more than a mere statement of nuclear magnetic imaging, X-ray imaging, ultrasound imaging, etc. of a living body. Class 128 provides for such tests if a more detailed manipulative step of nuclear magnetic or ultrasound imaging is included. Diagnostic X-ray imaging may be found in Classes 128 and 378 depending on the test details recited. A reading of the definitions for those classes is recommended for proper placement of the subject matter. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.11+, for diagnostic radioactive compounds or compositions or nominal diagnostic methods of utilizing such radioactive compounds or compositions. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 73,  Measuring and Testing,   which is the generic class for making a measurement or test of any kind not provided for in other classes. 250,  Radiant Energy,   for methods of detecting radiant energy 252,  Compositions,   subclass 408.1 for compositions which do not chemically react in use and are specialized and designed for use in physical analysis, testing or indicating, or as a warning agent. 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   as the residual home for measuring and testing electrical properties or the measuring, testing, or sensing of nonelectric properties by electric means, but only when absent a significant chemical reaction. 356,  Optics: Measuring and Testing,   provides for analyzing light to measure or test its characteristics, determining the optical or nonoptical properties of materials or articles by noting the effect produced by the materials or articles on light associated therewith, etc. 378,  X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,   for apparatus and corresponding processes involving the generation or use of electromagnetic radiation within the X-ray spectrum. Mere use with or attachment to an X-ray device or recitation of an undefined X-ray test or analysis is not sufficient for classification in Class 378. 426,  Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Products,   provides for processes where a condition in preparing an edible is sensed by other than subjective means. 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology, and Microbiology,   subclasses 4+ for in vitro measuring or testing involving enzymes or micro-organisms, subclasses 7.1+ for blood typing, protein binding, ligand-receptor binding, and immunological assays, subclasses 29+ for testing involving a viable micro-organism, and subclasses 40.5+ for testing involving fixed or stabilized, nonliving microorganism, cell, or tissue. 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   subclasses 1+ for chemical test standards and their use and the qualitative or quantitative analysis of chemical compounds, complexes, and elements which at some point involve a chemical interaction (see Class 436, CLASS DEFINITION, I. for further explanation) and subclasses 500+ for in vitro immunological or protein binding assays other than those involving a micro-organism or enzyme. 506,  Combinatorial Chemistry Technology: Method, Library, Apparatus,   subclass 10 for a method of screening a library by measuring the effect on a living organism, tissue, or cell. 600,  Surgery,   subclasses 300+ for an appliance and its use to aid in the diagnosis of a disease or abnormal condition of the body and subclass 556 for skin allergy tests. 800,  Multicellular Living Organisms and Unmodified Parts Thereof and Related Processes,   subclass 3 for a method of using a transgenic nonhuman animal in an in vivo test method.

9.2	Testing efficacy or toxicity of a compound or composition (e.g., drug, vaccine, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein the capacity of a compound or composition (e.g., drug, vaccine, etc.) to produce a desired effect or an injurious or harmful effect in a living subject is tested for. (1) Note. Claims which include in vivo diagnosis or in vivo tests as merely incidental to the treatment of a patient are classified in one of the appropriate treatment subclasses below. (2) Note. Testing for an individual subject"s hypersensitivity or possible allergy to a medicament or chemical prior to administration which involves a visible immune reaction on the skin is proper for subclass 9.81. (3) Note. Methods of testing for the reduction of toxic side effects of a compound or composition would also be included herein. (4) Note. Compounds or compositions tested can include therapeutic compounds or compositions, vaccines, etc. (5) Note. Included in this subclass are methods of determining the potency of antigenic preparations in inducing immunity, determining the teratogenic or oncogenic potential of a chemical, determining the prophylactic ability of a medicament, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 800,  Multicellular Living Organisms and Unmodified Parts Thereof and Related Processes,   subclass 3 for a method of using a transgenic nonhuman animal in an in vivo test method.

9.3	Magnetic imaging agent (e.g., NMR, MRI, MRS, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein a compound or composition is adapted for use as an in vivo magnetic imaging agent in processes such as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), magnetometry, etc. and methods of using said compounds and compositions as agents in such processes. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 324,  Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   subclasses 307+ for MRI apparatus and methods of using MRI apparatus. 436,  Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   subclasses 1+ , particularly subclass 173, for in vitro tests using MRI. 600,  Surgery,   subclasses 410+ for dianostic testing using magnetic resonance imaging or spectroscopy. (See Class 424, subclass 9.1 for a further explanation of the class line.).

9.31	Clay or zeolite containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains a clay or a zeolite. (1) Note. Zeolites are crystalline, hydrated alkali-aluminum silicates.

9.32	Particle containing a transition, actinide or lanthanide metal (e.g., hollow or solid particle, granule, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent includes particulate matter (e.g., hollow or solid particle, granule, etc.) which contains a transition, actinide or lanthanide metal (Atomic Numbers 21 through 30, 39 through 48, 57 through 80, and 89 through 106, inclusive). (1) Note. The particulate matter may be organic, inorganic, or a combination thereof and may be hollow, solid, or aggregates of molecules which are not covalently bound. It may be in the form of granules, microspheres, coated metal cores, metal oxide crystals, etc. (2) Note. The metals included under transition, actinide, or lanthanide metals are Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr, Unq, Unp, and Unh. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.11+, for compositions or methods under the class definition which contain radioactive isotopes of metals, i.e., U, Tc, etc. including diagnostic or test compositions or methods.

9.321	Liposome:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.32.  Subject matter wherein the shell of the particle contains a lipid bilayer. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 450, for compositions or methods under the class definition containing a liposome with a therapeutic agent in it.

9.322	Polymer containing (e.g., polypeptide, synthetic resin, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.32.  Subject matter wherein the particle includes a polymer, e.g., protein, dextran, starch, polyvinyl, polysilane, etc. (1) Note. The polymer must be attached to, coated on, or complexed to the particle. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 428,  Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles,   subclasses 402+ , for coated or structurally defined particulate matter as defined under the Class 428 definitions.

9.323	Metal is paramagnetic:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.322.  Subject matter wherein the transition, actinide, or lanthanide metal of the particle is paramagnetic. (1) Note. A paramagnetic metal is one which is capable of aligning with a magnetic field, but does not itself become magnetized. (2) Note. For the purposes of this subclass the term "paramagnetic" is intended to include only substances which are stated to be paramagnetic, not those stated to be superparamagnetic or ferromagnetic.

9.33	Nitroxide or nitroxide containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent is a nitroxide or contains a nitroxide. (1) Note. An example of a nitroxide compound or component provided for herein is:

9.34	Polypeptide attached to or complexed with the agent (e.g., protein, antibody, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains a polypeptide (e.g., protein, antibody, etc.) attached to or complexed with it. (1) Note. For the purposes of this subclass, a polypeptide contains a sequence of at least three amino acids. (2) Note. The term "polypeptide" may encompass polypeptides such as glycoproteins, lipoproteins, etc., which additionally contain other moieties. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   subclass 6 for polypeptides containing a heavy metal and used for therapeutic purposes.

9.341	The region of the imaging agent responsible for binding to an in vivo target or the region of the target responsible for binding to the agent is specifically recited functionally or as a sequence of amino acids, carbohydrate residues, or nucleic acids:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.34.  Subject matter wherein the polypeptide attached to said imaging agent directs delivery of said imaging agent to a specific in vivo target and wherein the specific binding properties of either the in vivo target or the polypeptide are described by a sequence (e.g., a series of amino acids, carbohydrate residues of a glycoprotein, nucleic acids encoding a polypeptide, etc.) or wherein the particular region of binding is described functionally (e.g., a unique region of an imaging agent defined by the fact that it binds a specific region of a target cell, but does not cross react with another region on the target cell etc.). (1) Note. A mere recitation of a generic type of binding (e.g., "an anti-myosin antibody", etc.) would be proper for subclass 9.34, but a recitation of multiple properties of the binding site would be proper for subclass 9.341.

9.35	Carbohydrate or derivative thereof attached to or complexed with the agent:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent has attached or complexed to it a carbohydrate or a derivative thereof such as a monosaccharide or polysaccharide (the monosaccharide radical units of which contain at least five carbon atoms) or their reaction products wherein the carbon skeleton of the saccharide or polysaccharide is not destroyed, e.g., dextran, cellulose, glucose, etc.

9.351	The region of the imaging agent responsible for binding to an in vivo target or the region of the target responsible for binding to the agent is specifically recited functionally or as a sequence of amino acids, carbohydrate residues, or nucleic acids:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.35.  Subject matter wherein the carbohydrate attached to said imaging agent directs delivery of said imaging agent to a specific in vivo target and wherein the specific binding properties of either the in vivo target or the carbohydrate are described by a saccharide sequence or wherein the particular region of binding is described functionally (e.g., a unique region of an imaging agent defined by the fact that it binds a specific region of a target cell, but does not cross react with another region on the target cell, etc.)

9.36	Transition, actinide or lanthanide metal containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains a transition, actinide, or lanthanide metal (Atomic Numbers 21-30, 39-48, 57-80, and 89-106, inclusive). (1) Note. The metals included under transition, actinide, or lanthanide metals are Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr, Unq, Unp, and Unh. (2) Note. A complex of a metal and an organic compound is considered to be a compound per se and is classified based on the moiety (metal or organic compound) which occurs first in the classification schedule. (3) Note. The transition, actinide or lanthanide metal may be complexed to a chelating agent. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.11+, for compositions or methods under the class definition which contain radioactive isotopes of metals e.g., U, Tc, etc., including diagnostic or test compositions or methods. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 534,  Organic Compounds,   subclasses 15+ for nonradioactive organic lanthanide or actinide complexes, per se.

9.361	Heterocyclic compound is attached to or complexed with the metal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.36.  Subject matter wherein the metal is attached to or complexed with a heterocyclic compound. (1) Note. A heterocyclic compound is a compound containing at least one hetero ring which is a ring having carbon and at least one atom from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium as ring members; and contains no other element as a ring member. (2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.362	Porphyrin or derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.361.  Subject matter wherein the hetero ring in the heterocyclic compound is part of a porphyrin ring system. (1) Note. Porphyrins are compounds containing the following basic structure:

9.363	Hetero ring contains at least eight members:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.361.  Subject matter wherein the hetero ring of the heterocyclic compound contains eight or more members. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.364	Polyamino-polycarbonyl moiety attached to or complexed with the metal:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.36.  Subject matter wherein the metal is attached to or complexed to a compound, said compound containing at least two amino nitrogen atoms and at least two carbonyl groups. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is in the structure below, where M is a transition, actinide or lanthanide metal and X is a positive integer.

9.365	Contains at least one -C(=O)-N- group:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.364.  Subject matter wherein the compound contains at least one-C(=O)-N- group. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.37	Imageable halogen containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.3.  Subject matter wherein the agent is or contains a halogenated compound wherein the halogen is responsible for the agent being imageable.

9.4	X-Ray contrast imaging agent (e.g., computed tomography, angiography, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein a compound or composition is adapted for use as an in vivo X-ray contrast imaging agent in methods such as computed tomography, angiography, etc. (1) Note. X-ray contrast imaging is based on the fact that the agent renders part of an animal body opaque (degree of opacity may vary) to X-rays. (2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is: SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 299.01+ for a liquid crystal containing composition and subclasses 582+ for other compositions specialized for use in optical filters, and subclass 478 for a composition specialized and designed for use as an X-ray shield or X-ray shielding material. 378,  X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,   appropriate subclasses, particularly 145+ for beam control devices.

9.41	Barium containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.4.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains barium, e.g., BaSO4, BaCl2, etc.

9.411	Polymer containing (e.g., polypeptide, synthetic resin, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.41.  Subject matter wherein the barium containing agent includes a polymer e.g., dextran, starch, polyvinyl, polysilane, etc. (1) Note. The polymer may be an additional separate ingredient in the agent, it may be complexed or attached to the agent, or it may be a coating on the agent.

9.42	Transition, actinide or lanthanide metal containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.4.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains a transition, actinide, or lanthanide metal (Atomic Numbers 21-30, 39-48, 57-80, and 89-106, inclusive). (1) Note. The metals included under transition, actinide, or lanthanide metals are Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np, Pu, Am, Cm, Bk, Cf, Es, Fm, Md, No, Lr, Unq, Unp, and Unh. (2) Note. A complex of a metal and an organic compound is considered to be a compound per se and is classified based on the moiety (metal or organic compound) which occurs first in the classification schedule. (3) Note. The transition, actinide or lanthanide metal may be complexed to a chelating agent. (4) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is: SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.11+, for compositions or methods under the class definition which contain radioactive isotopes of metals, including diagnostic or test compositions or methods. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 534,  Organic Compounds,   subclasses 15+ for nonradioactive organic lanthanide or actinide complexes, per se.

9.43	Carbohydrate or derivative thereof attached to or complexed with the agent:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.4.  Subject matter wherein the agent has attached or complexed to it a carbohydrate or a derivative thereof such as a monosaccharide or polysaccharide (the monosaccharide radical units of which contain at least five carbon atoms) or their reaction products wherein the carbon skeleton of the saccharide or polysaccharide is not destroyed, e.g., dextran, cellulose, glucose, etc.

9.44	Hetero ring containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.4.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains or is a heterocyclic compound. (1) Note. A heterocyclic compound is a compound containing at least one hetero ring which is a ring having carbon and at least one atom from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium and tellurium as ring members; and contains no other element as a ring member. (2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.45	Halogenated benzene ring containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.4.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains a benzene ring to which at least one halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, or I) is directly attached by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.451	Two or more halogenated benzene rings in the same compound:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.45.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains at least two halogenated benzene rings in the same compound. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is

9.452	Three or more amide groups are attached directly to the same benzene ring by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.451.  Subject matter wherein at least three amide groups are directly attached to the same benzene ring by nonionic bonding. (2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.453	Carbonyl of a carboxylic acid or salt thereof attached directly to the benzene ring:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.451.  Subject matter wherein the benzene ring has the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid or salt thereof attached directly to it. (1) Note. An example of compounds provided for herein is:

9.454	Three or more amide groups are attached directly to the same benzene ring by nonionic bonding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.45.  Subject matter wherein at least three amide groups are directly attached to the same benzene ring by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. For the purposes of this subclass either the amino or the carbonyl moiety of the amide group may be the point of attachment to the benzene ring. (2) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.455	Carbonyl of a carboxylic acid or salt thereof attached directly to the benzene ring:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.45.  Subject matter wherein the benzene ring has the carbonyl of a carboxylic acid or salt thereof attached directly to it by nonionic bonding. (1) Note. An example of a compound provided for herein is:

9.5	Ultrasound contrast agent:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein a compound or composition is adapted for use as an in vivo ultrasound contrast agent. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 435,  Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclasses 173.1+ for processes wherein a microorganism is subjected to sound waves. 600,  Surgery,   subclasses 437+ for methods and apparatus for applying and detecting ultrasonic radiation as it relates to a medical evaluation of a condition of a living body.

9.51	Liposome containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.5.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains hollow particles and the shells of said hollow particles include a lipid bilayer. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 450, for compositions or methods under the class definition containing a liposome with a therapeutic agent in it.

9.52	Stable gas bubbles containing or intentional solubilized gas containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.5.  Subject matter wherein the agent contains intended gases, which gases may be either solubilized or in a suspension of fine bubbles.

9.6	Diagnostic or test agent produces in vivo fluorescence:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein the diagnostic or test compound or composition is adapted for use as a fluorescent contrast agent. (1) Note. Processes in this subclass include a) applying a reagent to the skin which will react with a chemical of interest which may be present and then, upon irradiating the skin with UV light, fluorescence can be measured, b) parenterally dosing a patient with a reagent, exposing the subject to UV light and then observing fluorescence of a tissue, blood flow, etc.

9.61	Porphyrin or derivative thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.6.  Subject matter wherein the fluorescent contrast agent is or contains a porphyrin or a derivative thereof. (1) Note. Porphyrins are compounds containing the following basic structure:

9.7	Diagnostic or test agent produces visible change in mouth:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein the compound or composition is adapted to detect a condition in the mouth. (1) Note. Intended for this subclass are processes of indicating the presence of gingivitis, malignant lesions, pH, brushing time, etc.

9.71	Plaque detection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.7.  Subject matter wherein the agent indicates the presence of plaque.

9.8	Diagnostic or test agent produces visible change on skin:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.1.  Subject matter wherein the diagnostic compound or composition is adapted to detect a condition through a visible change on the skin.

9.81	Visible immune reaction (e.g., allergy test, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.8.  Subject matter wherein the agent, an antigenic substance or allergen, is applied to or injected into a subject in order to determine whether the subject is allergic or hypersensitive to the agent as indicated by a visible change on the skin (i.e., redness, swelling, etc.). (1) Note. The antigenic substance or allergen includes pollen, house dust, micro-organisms, chemicals, etc. (2) Note. Skin tests such as those to indicate an individual"s sensitivity to penicillin or other medicaments, tuberculosis tests, etc. are included in this subclass.

10.1	IDENTIFICATION OR WARNING FEATURE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter which includes compositions which contain an additional substance or feature which functions to identify the composition, to distinguish the composition from other similar compositions, or to give a warning or alarm to the user. (1) Note. Compositions classified herein are intended to provide a combination of an active ingredient of this class together with a component or feature which will facilitate identification of the active ingredient or will prevent and/or warn of improper use of a dangerous aspect of a compound or composition. Examples include a germicidal composition which includes a colorant to show which surfaces have been treated, a pesticide which is distinctly labeled to prevent accidental consumption, etc. (2) Note. Included in this subclass are compositions in which the warning or identification feature is a physical or mechanical one such as indicia on a pill or a peculiar shape which prevents the swallowing of a potentially harmful substance. (3) Note. The use of color merely to make a Class 424 or Class 514 compound or composition more attractive is not considered a means of identification or warning proper for this or the indented subclasses. Therefore, pills, capsules, toothpastes, cosmetics, etc. which are colored merely for looks, are classified elsewhere in Class 424 or Class 514 based on their other significant features or their active ingredients. (4) Note. If no identification or warning feature is additionally claimed, the following are not included in this or the indented subclasses, but are considered a treatment and are classified based on the first appearing active ingredient. Examples of such are: (1) antidotal compositions or antidotal compositions claimed in combination with the toxicant; (2) compositions wherein the medicament is claimed in combination with another compound or composition intended to minimize the side effects or toxicity of the medicament as is often done in chemotherapy; (3) compounds or compositions claimed in combination with an emetic to prevent poisoning or overdose; (4) compositions with an additional substance to reduce their explosive nature or prevent their deterioration or oxidation. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 49+, for dentifrices. 59+, for a sun or radiation screening composition. 126, for a composition with a corrosion inhibitor. 400+, for preparations characterized by a special physical form. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252,  Compositions,   subclass 408.1 for compositions which do not chemically react in use and are specialized and designed for use in physical analysis, testing or indicating, or as a warning agent.

10.2	Printed or embossed unitary dosage form:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1.  Subject matter wherein the compound or composition is in a unitary dosage form and contains a surface which is deformed, printed, embossed, engraved, or contains an insignia for the purpose of identification or warning. (1) Note. This subclass includes indicia adapted to be attached to a pill for identification purposes. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 467, for tablets which are printed, embossed, grooved, or perforated for a purpose other than identification or warning, such as to permit the tablet to be divided easily.

10.3	Color or color change feature:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1.  Subject matter in which the identification or warning involves a color or color change. (1) Note. Included in this subclass are pills containing colored specks to identify toxic substances, biocides which show a temporary color when applied to indicate where application has occurred, drugs which change color to indicate a change in pH, etc. (2) Note. The use of color merely to make a Class 424 or Class 514 compound or composition more attractive is not considered a means of identification or warning proper for this or the indented subclasses. Therefore, pills, capsules, toothpastes, cosmetics, etc. which are colored merely for looks, are classified elsewhere in Class 424 or Class 514 based on their other significant features or their active ingredients.

10.31	Combined with animal or insect repellant or insecticide (e.g., shark, fish, roach, etc):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.3.  Subject matter wherein the color or color change feature is part of a composition for repelling animals or insects or part of a composition for actually killing insects. (1) Note. Included in this subclass are fish repellants colored to indicate areas of the water which have been treated, colored insecticides to prevent inadvertent consumption, etc. (2) Note. The use of color merely to make a Class 424 or Class 514 compound or composition more attractive is not considered a means of identification or warning proper for this or the indented subclasses. Therefore, pills, capsules, toothpastes, cosmetics, etc. which are colored merely for looks, are classified elsewhere in Class 424 or Class 514 based on their other significant features or their active ingredients.

10.32	Combined with ophthalmic or dentifrice preparation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.3.  Subject matter wherein the color or color change feature is part of a composition used in association with the eye or the mouth. (1) Note. Included in this subclass is an opthalmological medicinal film colored to identify the active ingredients, color coded tooth powder to identify the ingredients, etc. (2) Note. The use of color merely to make a Class 424 or Class 514 compound or composition more attractive is not considered a means of identification or warning proper for this or the indented subclasses. Therefore, pills, capsules, toothpastes, cosmetics, etc. which are colored merely for looks, are classified elsewhere in Class 424 or Class 514 based on their other significant features or their active ingredients.

10.4	Taste or smell or chemical irritation to the eye, nose or mouth feature:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.1.  Subject matter in which the identification or warning feature involves a taste or smell signal or a chemical which causes irritation to the eye, nose, or mouth (e.g., burning, coughing, tearing, etc.). (1) Note. Included in this subclass are compositions such as fumigants or other toxic gases with an added substance having an obnoxious odor or an irritant so that the presence of the fumigant or toxic gas is quickly noticed, poisons with exceedingly irritating tastes or odors to prevent mistaken use of such poisons, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 900, for an srt collection pertaining to subclasses 9.1-10.4.

40	COMBUSTIBLE OR CHEMICALLY REACTIVE TO PRODUCE A SMOKE, MIST OR AEROSOL
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which under the conditions of use are burned, usually incompletely, or which involve a chemical reaction serving to act as a force to project the material desired into the air as a smoke, mist, or aerosol, the particles of which must be of colloidal size or larger. This and indented subclasses also provide for processes which are no more than the mere use of the composition; e.g., burning the composition in the area to be treated. (1) Note. Compositions which are disclosed to be evaporable, per se, to yield smoke or to act as fumigants when left open to the air with or without application of external heat are classified elsewhere on the basis of the ingredients of the composition. To be placed herein, the composition, per se, must contain at least one combustible ingredient or there must be disclosed a chemical reaction taking place as a result of which some ingredient, component, or reaction product in particular form is dispersed into the air. (2) Note. A composition designed to be burned in order to produce an odorizing or deodorizing effect upon the atmosphere; e.g., incense, etc., is classified here. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 40, for a candle with a wick. 43, for a composition in which a compressed gas or release, or a chemical reaction serves to produce bubbles or effervescence in liquid, or in which a pressurized fluid component which is part of a composition on release serves to project other components of the composition into the air as a foam or spray. 53, for an oxygen or chlorine releasing dentifrice. 661, for a chlorine releasing composition. 667, for an iodine releasing composition. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclasses 124+ for certain processes and apparatus for destroying or killing vermin utilizing a smoke, mist, or aerosol. 44,  Fueled and Related Compositions,   appropriate subclasses for a composition designed to be burned primarily for its ability to produce heat. 47,  Plant Husbandry,   subclass 2 for a method of frost preventing by smoke. 102,  Ammunition and Explosive Devices,   appropriate subclasses for a smoke generating ammunition; e.g., bombs, grenades, cartridges, etc. 114,  Ships,   subclass 15 for a warship smoke screen. 119,  Animal Husbandry,   subclasses 677+ for apparatus for fumigating an animal. 126,  Stoves and Furnaces,   subclass 59.5 for a smudge pot. 252,  Compositions,   subclass 305 for smokes, or fogs and processes of making same. Subclasses 315.01+ for a general smoke producing composition. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   appropriate subclasses for fumigators and other smoke- or mist-producing apparatus.

41	Elemental sulfur containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Compositions which contain elemental sulfur.

42	Nitrate containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Compositions which contain an organic or inorganic nitrate compound.

43	EFFERVESCENT OR PRESSURIZED FLUID CONTAINING
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Composition: (1.) in which bubbles or effervescence in a liquid are produced in situ by a chemical reaction, or wherein said bubbles are produced by pressure release on a liquid system in which a gas is dissolved under pressure or (2.) in which a composition, per se, contains a pressurized fluid which produces sufficient force on release to serve as a propellent for projecting the other components into the air or through the air as a foam, spray, or mist. (1) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are compositions which contain carbonated water or those producing carbon dioxide gas by chemical reaction on addition of water or wherein a pressurized fluid is employed as a propellant for projecting a preparation into the air as an aerosol or foam. (2) Note. Compositions which are disclosed as having a volatile ingredient, per se, or which merely by being in particulate or liquid form may be sprayed or diffused by the simple application of externally applied air pressure or heat are classified elsewhere on the basis of the active component or components in said composition. (3) Note. Included in this and indented subclasses are all shaving preparations within the subclass definition, including those containing soap or other components which have a detergent action. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 222,  Dispensing,   subclasses 394+ for dispensing with a fluid pressure discharge assistant; e.g., aerosols, etc. 252,  Compositions,   subclass 305 for a fog, smoke, or gaseous primary dispersant and subclasses 372+ for a gaseous composition.

44	Gas produced in situ by chemical reaction
	This subclass is indented under subclass 43.  Compositions in which the gas producing the "bubbling" or "effervescence" is the result of an in situ chemical reaction. (1) Note. Oxygen and halogen releasing compositions are excluded from this and indented subclasses and are classified below according to: (1) the function of the composition or (2) to the particular gaseous material being released or (3) the particular compound which releases said gaseous material. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 40, for a composition in which a chemical reaction is employed for the production of a smoke, mist, or aerosol. 700, for a composition in which carbon dioxide is an active constituent. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 169,  Fire Extinguishers,   especially subclasses 6+ , 27+, and 78+ for a fire extinguisher using gas produced in situ by a chemical reaction to produce pressure.

45	Organic pressurized fluid
	This subclass is indented under subclass 43.  Compositions in which the pressurized fluid is an organic compound.

46	Powder or dust containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Compositions in which the organic pressurized fluid serves to propel or project an ingredient which is in the form of a particulate solid; e.g., body powders, tooth powders, talc, silicas, powdered medicines, insecticides, etc.

47	Topical live body grooming or adorning aid (e.g., hair spray, antiperspirant, etc.)
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Compositions in which the organic pressurized fluid serves to propel a grooming or adorning aid; e.g., hair spray, antiperspirant, skin tanning preparation, skin conditioner, sun screening agent, shaving cream, etc., intended for topical application to a living body. (1) Note. See (3) Note under the definition of subclass 43. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 65, for antiperspirants or perspiration deodorants, per se. 69, for face or body powder, per se, for grooming, adorning, or absorbing purposes.

48	CHEWING GUM TYPE
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are specifically disclosed to be in a chewing gum form, that is containing a chewable ingredient generally insoluble in the saliva which is usually disclosed a function as the carrier or vehicle for the active ingredient. (1) Note. The gum base herein is usually a natural gum or resin. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 400+, for a chewing gum type of composition defined in terms of structure. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 51,  Abrasive Tool Making Process, Material, or Composition,   for an abrasive composition, for abrading teeth in a dental operation; e.g., forming a cavity for a filling, etc. 106,  Compositions: Coating or Plastic,   subclass 35 for a dental coating or plastic composition. 132,  Toilet,   subclasses 321+ for a toothpick and subclass 323 in particular for a dental floss. 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   subclass 63.5 for a dental supply package. 420,  Alloys or Metallic Compositions,   appropriate subclasses for alloys. 433,  Dentistry,   subclasses 25+ for dental equipment; and subclasses 226+ for fillings.

49	DENTIFRICES (INCLUDES MOUTH WASH)
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which function primarily in the normal hygiene of the oral cavity; e.g., tooth pastes, mouth washes, gargles, etc. (1) Note. A composition intended to be employed regularly in normal mouth-care is placed herein even if the composition contains ingredients of specific value in killing micro-organisms or in the treatment or prevention of specific mouth diseases or malfunctions such as pyorrhea trench mouth, gingivitis, etc. (2) Note. Since a dentifrice or mouthwash is generally compounded of a plurality of ingredients, some of the significant kinds of ingredients have been set out in indented subclasses 50 to 58. For a particular ingredient containing composition not specifically provided for by said indents, a search through this and the indented subclasses will be necessary. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: , Appropriate subclasses for a composition disclosed to be useful for treating a specific oral disease or malfunction in which said composition is not disclosed for regular use as a mouthwash or dentifrice in normal mouth care.

50	Ferment containing (e.g., enzymes, bacteria, etc.)
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient an enzyme or a living organism capable of causing or modifying a fermentation; e.g., bacteria, fungi, papain, urease, diastase, etc.

51	Iodine or iodine compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient elemental iodine or an iodine containing compound.

52	Fluorine or fluorine compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient elemental fluorine or a fluorine containing compound; e.g., stannous fluoride, etc.

53	Oxygen or chlorine releasing compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain an ingredient capable of releasing oxygen or chlorine under the conditions of use; e.g., chlorates, peroxides, perborates, etc.

54	Ammonia, amine, or derivative thereof (e.g., urea, etc.)
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient a nitrogen containing compound in the form of ammonia or an amine or derivatives thereof; e.g., urea, diammonium phosphate, etc. (1) Note. This subclass includes a heterocyclic nitrogen containing compound.

55	Hydroxy carboxylic acid or derivative thereof (e.g., methyl salicylate, etc.)
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient an hydroxy carboxylic acid or derivative thereof, said derivative being one wherein the oxygen atom of the hydroxy group and the carbonyl of the carboxylic acid group are retained; e.g., citric acid, salicylic acid, etc.

56	Organic sulfate or sulfonate containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain an organic sulfate or sulfonate compound.

57	Phosphate compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain a phosphate compound.

58	Plant extract of undetermined constitution
	This subclass is indented under subclass 49.  Compositions which contain a compound or material derived from a plant, including reaction products thereof, wherein the chemical structure of said compound, material, or reaction product is not sufficiently known to be classifiable on a chemical basis; e.g., oil of sassafras, Orris root, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 74, for hair or scalp treating composition containing a plant extract. 725 through 779, for a composition containing a plant extract or plant material as an active ingredient. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   subclass 783 for a carrier or adjuvant composition containing a plant extract of undetermined constitution.

59	TOPICAL SUN OR RADIATION SCREENING, OR TANNING PREPARATIONS
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are intended to be applied topically to the skin or lips: (1) as a protective measure to prevent or lessen the harmful effects which generally result from exposure to the sun or other similarly acting radiant energy source; e.g., sun, ultraviolet, etc., or (2) which tan the skin by a chemical reaction with an ingredient thereof. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: , Appropriate subclasses for a method or composition for treating a burn and see subclasses 63 and 64 for live skin and lip colorants. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 299.01+ for an optical filter composition, per se, containing a liquid crystal and subclasses 582+ for other optical filter compositions, per se. 359,  Optics: Systems (Including Communication) and Elements,   subclasses 350+ for an infrared or ultraviolet filter. 520,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 136 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber which is resistant to, yet does not absorb, radioactive materials or cathode rays or to processes of preparing said composition.

60	Aromatic acid or derivative containing (e.g., aminobenzoic acid or methyl salicylate, etc.)
	This subclass is indented under subclass 59.  Compositions which contain an aromatic acid or derivative thereof; e.g., p-amino benzoic acid, salicylic acid, benzene sulfonamide, etc.

61	MANICURE OR PEDICURE COMPOSITIONS
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are applied topically to the nails of the hands or feet for the care thereof; e.g., lacquers, polishes, tints, cuticle protectors or removers, nail hardeners, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 106,  Compositions: Coating or Plastic,   appropriate subclasses for a coating composition which is disclosed to have utility as, for example, a lacquer and subclass 311 for a solvent useful as a vehicle for a coating composition. 252,  Compositions,   subclass 364 for a lacquer removing composition. 520,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   particularly appropriate areas in Class 523 and 524 for a synthetic resin or natural rubber composition. 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclasses 105+ for a nonmedicated composition specifically intended for contact with living animal tissue, other than apparel.

62	BLEACH FOR LIVE HAIR OR SKIN (E.G., PEROXIDES, ETC.)
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which bleach or remove color from live skin or hair and which are applied topically. (1) Note. Included herein are compositions for removing natural or artificial colors; e.g., dyes, birthmarks, freckles, and suntan, etc. (2) Note. A composition for merely covering one color with another is not deemed to be color remover for this subclass. (3) Note. Dirt is not considered a colorant for purposes of this subclass; see Class 510, Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions, for cleaning compositions which remove dirt. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fiber,   subclasses 404+ for dyeing and subclasses 101+ for a bleaching process provided for therein which involves more than the mere application of a composition. 132,  Toilet,   subclass 203 for a method of bleaching live human hair on the scalp which is more than the mere application of a composition. 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 186.1+ for a bleaching composition, per se. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   appropriate subclasses, particularly subclasses 367+ , for cleaning compositions which include a bleach component. 604,  Surgery,   subclasses 290+ for a method for applying or removing material to the human body.

63	LIVE SKIN COLORANT CONTAINING
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are applied topically for coloring the skin in either a limited or overall area; e.g., blemish cover, cheek rouge, eye shadow, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fiber,   appropriate subclasses for dyeing compositions, per se. 106,  Compositions: Coating or Plastic,   subclasses 400+ for pigment compositions, per se. 520,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclasses 1+ for a synthetic resin or natural rubber composition containing a dye.

64	Lip
	This subclass is indented under subclass 63.  Compositions which are specifically applied to the lip; e.g., lip rouge, lipstick, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 400+, for lipstick composition having structural limitations.

65	ANTI-PERSPIRANTS OR PERSPIRATION DEODORANTS
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are intended to be utilized as a topical application to the human body and which function: (1) to inhibit or decrease perspiration, or (2) to neutralize, by other than a masking effect, the odor caused by perspiration or (3) to neutralize perspiration odor by action on a micro-organism. (1) Note. Compositions classified herein and in the indented subclasses are those in which the active principle or ingredient is not, per se, a perfume. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47, for an aerosol antiperspirant or deodorant composition. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclass 5 for process of deodorizing which is more than the mere use of a composition. 512,  Perfume Compositions,   subclasses 1 through 27for a perfume composition, per se.

66	Zirconium compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65.  Compositions which contain a zirconium compound.

67	Zinc compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65.  Compositions which contain a zinc compound.

68	Aluminum compound containing
	This subclass is indented under subclass 65.  Compositions which contain an aluminum compound.

69	FACE OR BODY POWDERS FOR GROOMING, ADORNING, OR ABSORBING
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are in the form of minute particles, dusts, or powders having absorbent, grooming, or adorning utility in topical applications to the face or body. (1) Note. Included herein are; e.g., compositions for removing skin shine, smoothing the skin surface, lubricating the skin (for purposes of putting on gloves, etc.) and for absorbing perspiration, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 46, for an aerosol composition containing a powder or dust. 65+, for anti-perspirant or perspiration deodorant powders. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 106,  Compositions: Coating or Plastic,   subclass 36 for friction compositions intended for use with machinery or apparatus; e.g., clutches, belts, etc. 512,  Perfume Compositions,   subclasses 8+ for a lubricant composition, per se, and appropriate subclasses for perfume compositions, per se.

70.1	LIVE HAIR OR SCALP TREATING COMPOSITIONS (NONTHERAPEUTIC):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which have topical nontherapeutic utility for treating the hair or scalp of the living body; e.g., grooming or adorning aids, tonics, rinses, etc. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 132,  Toilet,   appropriate subclasses for a method of treating human hair on the scalp which is more than the mere application of a Class 424 composition. Examples of processes provided for in Class 132 are successive applications of a plurality of compositions; e.g., waving solution and neutralizing solution, or the application of a setting composition combined with a step of shaping the hair (before or after the application) even though the shaping step is only claimed broadly. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   subclasses 119+ for nonmedicated shampoos which have cleaning as their primary function and which may include a hair conditioning, antistatic, softening, etc., component as a perfecting ingredient to compensate for any damage, such as dryness or tangling, resulting from the cleaning process. 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   appropriate subclasses for compositions which have utility in promoting hair growth or in treating specific diseases of the hair or scalp, e.g., anti-dandruff compositions for treating the cause of the dandruff rather than mere removal of dandruff as by a shampoo, etc.

70.11	Polymer containing (nonsurfactant, natural or synthetic):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain either a natural or synthetic polymer, which polymer may be solid, wax, or liquid, and is not acting in the composition as a surfactant.

70.12	Silicon containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer contains silicon.

70.121	Silsesquioxanes:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.12.  Compositions which are silsesquioxanes; i.e., polymers containing the monomer unit RSiO1.5.

70.122	Amino or amido containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.12.  Compositions in which the silicon polymer contains an amino or an amido group.

70.13	Polysaccharide or derivative:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer is a polysaccharide or a derivative.

70.14	Protein or derivative:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer is a protein or a derivative.

70.15	Polyvinylpyrrolidone or copolymer thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone or copolymer thereof.

70.16	Poly(meth)acrylic acid, salt, or copolymer thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer is derived from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, their salts, or copolymers thereof.

70.17	Polyamine, polyamide, or derivatives thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.11.  Compositions in which the polymer is derived from an amine, from an amide, or derivatives thereof.

70.19	Two or more designated surfactant containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contains two or more surfactants (i.e. compounds that lower the surface or interfacial tension including detergents, foaming or wetting agents, emulsifiers, solubilizers, or dispersants) which are either designated in the claims or are art recognized as such.

70.2	Permanent waving or straightening:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which have utility in permanent waving or straightening (relaxing) the hair. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47, for a pressurized fluid containing a hair setting spray. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,   subclasses 94.1+ for hair treating compositions or processes of using such compositions, particularly subclasses 94.16+ for depilatory compositions or processes of using such depilatory compositions, and for a depilatory having no more structure than a random coating on an unspecified base. Subclass 127.51 for compositions or processes of chemically modifying hair not attached to a living body; e.g., shaping wigs, etc.

70.21	Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain an amphoteric (zwitterionic) surfactant; e.g., CH3-NHCH(COO-)CH2CONH-(CH2)5N (CH3)(C2H5) Metal (+).

70.22	Anionic surfactant containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain an anionic surfactant.

70.23	Phosphorus containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.22.  Compositions which contains a phosphorous-type anionic surfactant.

70.24	Sulfur containing (sulfates, sulfonates, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.22.  Compositions which contains a sulfur-containing anionic surfactant; e.g., sulfonates, sulfates, sulfosuccinates, isethionates, sarcosinates, taurates, etc.

70.27	Cationic surfactant containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain a cationic surfactant (including cationic surfactant material which acts by chemically combining with keratinaceous material to reduce static, untangle, etc.).

70.28	Quaternary ammonium salts:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.27.  Compositions which contains a quaternary ammonium cationic surfactant.

70.31	Nonionic surfactant containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain a nonionic surfactant.

70.4	Metal salt containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient a metal salt.

70.5	Sulfur compound containing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.2.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient a sulfur containing compound; e.g., mercaptans, sulfites, etc.

70.51	Cysteine, cysteamine, or derivatives thereof:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.5.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient cysteine, cysteamine, or derivatives thereof.

70.6	Hair coloring (nondyeing):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which are nondying compositions having utility in coloring the hair. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 62, for compositions having utility in bleaching the hair. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,   appropriate subclasses for fluid treatment and chemical modifications of the hair, subclasses 404+ for a dye composition disclosed to be suitable for dyeing keratinaceous material; e.g., hair, etc., subclasses 101+ for a method of bleaching hair not attached to a living body; e.g., wigs, etc.

70.7	Mascara:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.6.  Compositions having utility as mascara; i.e., for coloring eyelash hair.

70.8	Astringent or sebum inhibiting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions having utility as an astringent or for inhibiting the production of sebum.

70.9	UV protectant:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions having utility in protecting the hair from ultraviolet rays. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 59, for topically applied compositions which act as UV protectants for the skin.

73	Shaving preparation
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which have utility in preparing hair on the body for cutting or shaving or for facilitating the cutting or shaving thereof. (1) Note. Included herein are the so-called brushless shaving creams which function to "set up" the hair as well as to lubricate the intended cutting area. This subclass includes shaving preparations, regardless of any soap or detergent content. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 30,  Cutlery,   subclasses 32+ for a razor. 83,  Cutting,   appropriate subclasses for a cutting method (shaving). 128,  Surgery,   appropriate subclasses for a surgical cutting instrument. 132,  Toilet,   subclass 203 for a significant hair treatment process on the human scalp. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   for cleaning compositions, per se.

74	Plant extract of undetermined constitution
	This subclass is indented under subclass 70.1.  Compositions which contain as an ingredient a compound or material derived from a plant, including reaction products thereof, said compound, material, or reaction product having a structure which is not sufficiently known to be classifiable on a chemical basis; e.g., bay rum, capsicum, oil of bergamot, oil of rosemary, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 58, for a dentifrice or mouthwash containing a plant extract of undetermined constitution. 725 through 779, for a composition containing a plant extract or plant material of undetermined constitution as an active ingredient. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   subclass 783 for a carrier or adjuvant composition containing a plant extract of undetermined constitution.

75	EMBALMING OR UNDERTAKING COMPOSITIONS
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which have utility in preserving and preventing decay and/or in enhancing the appearance of a corpse. (1) Note. A tissue filling composition is included herein. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: , Appropriate subclasses for a biocidal composition which functions as a preserving or decay preventing agent. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,   subclasses 94.16+ for a composition or process for depilating and treating hides, skins, feathers, and other animal tissues. 27,  Undertaking,   subclasses 22.1+ for a significant or manipulative embalming or preserving methods. 427,  Coating Processes,   subclasses 4+ for processes of coating a plant member or animal specimen.

76.1	DEODORANTS (NONBODY):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter which are deodorants and are not directly applied, per se, to a living body and which function: (1) by chemically combining with an odorous principle, or (2) by destroying the odor-causing organism, or (3) by desensitizing the olfactory mechanism. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 12,  Boot and Shoe Making,   subclass 128 for a shoemaking form with a deodorant. 208,  Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 310 for a process of deodorizing an organic compound by absorption. 242,  Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclass 905 for a reel with a storage chamber which may contain a deodorant. 252,  Compositions,   subclass 305 for a mere (nonspecial use) aerosol composition. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclasses 1+ for processes of disinfection, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing using a compound or a Class 424 composition which is more than the single step of mere application of the compound or composition. 504,  Plant Protecting and Regulating Compositions,   subclasses 101+ for an insecticide, fungicide, or deodorant containing fertilizers. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   subclasses 131+ for cleaning compositions for human skin which include an antiseptic, biocidal, or deodorizing component. 512,  Perfume Compositions,   for, per se, perfume compositions. 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclass 102 for a synthetic resin or natural rubber composition which is odor masked, odor reduced or perfumed as well as the process of preparing such composition. 585,  Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,   subclasses 823+ for a process of purifying a hydrocarbon by sorption removal of a chemically undetermined odorant. 604,  Surgery,   subclass 333 for a deodorant containing receptacle attached to a surgically constructed body opening; subclass 359 for a deodorant containing receptacle attached to a surgically constructed body opening; and subclass 359 for a deodorant containing absorbent pad.

76.2	Deodorizing substance is evaporable, sublimable or gas (e.g., deodorization of air, aerosol spray compositions, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1.  Subject matter which are evaporatable, sublimable, or a gas. (1) Note. The compositions of this and the indented subclasses are for the removal, including chemical reaction, or masking of odors in the air.

76.21	For chemical reaction with odor producing material or gas evolving composition:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 72.2.  Compositions which, (a) chemically react with the odor producing material (b) is a composition for the chemical evolution of gas.

76.3	From a gel or solid matrix (e.g., retarded vaporization compositions, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.2.  Subject matter which is released from a gel of solid matrix. (1) Note. This subclass includes deodorant which evaporates or sublimes from a block of deodorizing substance.

76.4	With odor masking substances (e.g., perfumes, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.3.  Subject matter which contain an odor masking substance. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 2,  Apparel,   subclass 171.2 for a head covering containing perfume. 63,  Jewelry,   digest 2 for perfumed jewelry. 223,  Apparel Apparatus,   subclass 86 for a garment hanger containing perfume. 434,  Education and Demonstration,   subclass 377 for demonstrating apparatus involving a perfume. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   subclasses 101+ for perfume-containing cleaning compositions or their auxiliary compositions, such as fabric softeners or antistatic agents used in the laundry rinse or dryer cycle, etc. 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclass 102 for a perfumed composition or the method of preparing a perfumed composition. D28,  Cosmetic Products and Toilet Articles,   subclass 5 for a perfume or sachet.

76.5	For application to waste materials, solid or liquid refuse or sewage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1.  Subject matter which are for application to waste materials, solid or liquid refuse or sewage.

76.6	Waste includes fecal material or urine (e.g., feed lot or cage waste, pet litter, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.5.  Compositions which are used on waste including feces or urine.

76.7	For toilet or urinal (e.g., recirculating toilet fluid, etc.):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.6.  Subject matter which are used in a toilet or urinal. (1) Note. This subclass includes recirculating toilet fluids and additives as well as materials for adding to septic systems or cesspools to control odors.

76.8	With bio-affecting material (i.e., biocide or biostat):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.1.  Compositions which contain materials which control or eliminate microbial growth.

76.9	Inorganic only or containing plant or animal extract:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 76.8.  Compositions which are composed solely of inorganic materials or which contain an animal or plant extract.

77	ADHESIVE TRAPPING COMPOSITIONS
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Compositions which are intended to be utilized as an adhesive for trapping a pest which may come in contact therewith. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 443+, for a coated sheet, web, or filament. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   in particular subclasses 114+ and 136 for an adhesive vermin trapping or destroying device. 106,  Compositions: Coating or Plastic,   appropriate subclasses for an adhesive composition other than one containing a synthetic resin. 427,  Coating Processes,   subclasses 207.1+ for processes of manufacturing an adhesive tape by a coating process. 520,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   appropriate subclasses, particularly Classes 523 and 524 for adhesive compositions. 585,  Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Compounds,   subclasses 17+ for a nonsolid, greasy, or waxy hydrocarbon polymer.

78.01	DIGESTIVE SYSTEM REGULATOR CONTAINING SOLID SYNTHETIC ORGANIC POLYMER AS DESIGNATED ORGANIC ACTIVE INGREDIENT (DOAI) (E.G., ANTI-DIARRHETIC, ANTICONSTIPATION, APPETITE SUPPRESSANT, LAXATIVE, ETC.):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein the active ingredient is a solid synthetic organic polymer used to treat or regulate the digestive system; e.g., diarrhea, constipation, etc. (1) Note. The term designated organic active ingredient (DOAI) denotes one which imparts a physiological, pharmacological, or biological effect. Please refer to Class 514, Main Class Definition, (3) Note, for further elaboration on this. (2) Note. This subclass provides for compositions containing a solid synthetic polymer as a DOAI, methods of making such compositions, and mere methods of using such compositions. A composition, for example, containing a laxative (DOAI) and a solid synthetic polymer used merely as a binder or as a slow release agent is not classified here, but is classified in subclasses 400+ when there is special structure or in Class 514, based on the laxative. (3) Note. See Class 520, subclass 1, (9) Note, for a more complete discussion of what is a solid synthetic polymer. No weight is given to expressions designating molecular weight; e.g., 1,000, 40,000, etc., since these numbers can reflect solid, waxy, or liquid polymers alike. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclasses 105+ for nonmedicated compositions specifically intended for contact with living animal tissue or processes of preparing other than apparel.

78.02	TOPICAL BODY PREPARATION CONTAINING SOLID SYNTHETIC ORGANIC POLYMER AS DESIGNATED ORGANIC ACTIVE INGREDIENT (DOAI):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter wherein the designated organic active ingredient (DOAI) is a solid synthetic polymer used topically to treat a living animal. (1) Note. The term designated organic active ingredient (DOAI) denotes a polymer which exhibits a physiological, pharmacological, or biological effect. Also, a solid synthetic polymer will be classified here if it behaves as a synergist or potentiator, i.e., one which will cooperatively act with an active ingredient to the extent that the total effect will be greater than the sum of the two individual effects. See (2) and (4) Notes below for further details on topical coatings. (2) Note. Topical preparations are those medications whose properties are designed either to treat superficial areas; e.g., mucosa of the eyes, nose, mouth (not throat), etc., or epidermis; e.g., skin rashes, burns, lesions, rectum, and other external body parts. There are also medications, though applied topically, which are designed to be absorbed transdermally with the intention of being absorbed into the blood stream. For example, a scopolamine patch (a patch, per se, implies no structure) is used to treat motion sickness, a nitroglycerine patch is used to treat angina pectoris, and finally a clonidine patch is used to treat hypertension; likewise, nasal sprays to relieve sinus congestion or pain as well as rectal suppositories are all excluded from this subclass. A drug parenterally administered; i.e., intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intravenously injected, is also excluded from this subclass. Patents placed here typically treat skin lesions, inflammations; e.g., iliac stoma, etc. (3) Note. See Class 520, subclass 1, (9) Note, for a more complete discussion on what is a solid synthetic resin. No consideration is given to numerical expressions of molecular weight since these numbers can reflect solid, waxy, or liquid polymers. (4) Note. This note serves to distinguish this class (424), subclasses 78.02 - 78.07 with Class 514, appropriate subclasses, and Class 523, subclasses 105+. A pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition is always sufficient for placement in Class 424. A composition containing a solid synthetic polymer, with or without a DOAI, used to form a barrier layer or film on living animals to ward off harmful or disturbing agents; e.g., radiation, animals, insects, chemicals, allergens, etc., to promote healing; e.g., burns, etc., or to reduce inflammation or irritation, etc., is proper herein. A surgical adhesive composition to be coated on a fabric, gauze, tape, etc., is classified in Class 523, subclass 111. A surgical adhesive composition; e.g., alphacyanoacrylate, when applied directly to living animal tissues is classified herein. (5) Note. A topical body preparation appropriate for this class, whose composition contains a monomer, prepolymer, or other chemical intermediates which forms a solid synthetic polymer after being applied and without the aid of catalysis, other than heat or water, is properly classified herein. Otherwise, classification is in Class 514, subclasses 772+. See this class, subclass 78.06 for examples to compositions containing moisture polymerizable alpha-cyano-acrylate to seal wounds and incisions. (6) Note. A composition containing a solid synthetic polymer as DOAI broadly disclosed or claimed as a germicide will be classified here since many of them are used topically. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,   subclass 161 for processes of applying depilatory lotions or creams to the skin of living animals or compositions thereof. 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   subclasses 1+ for a composition containing both a designated organic active ingredient (DOAI) and a nonactive solid synthetic polymer, subclasses 772.3, 772.2, and 788.1 for compositions devoid of a DOAI containing a solid synthetic polymer. 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclasses 105+ for nonmedicated compositions for contact with living animal tissue and especially subclass 111 for compositions used to protect wounds, lesions, etc. The mere method of using these compositions for contact with living animal tissue is classified either in Class 424 or Class 514. The following are examples of polymer compositions found in Class 523, subclasses 105+: (1) For manufacturing medical devices; e.g., blood bags, optical lenses, tubes, probes, cannulae, prostheses, catheters, surgical instruments, organs, etc. (e.g., from heparinized polyurethane, etc.); (2) For dental and body impressions; (3) Adhesive for bonding a textile to skin, surgical or medical dressings, etc; (4) As a dental adhesive or cement; (5) For absorbing body fluids other than by topical coating; e.g., sanitary napkins, etc.; (6) For manufacturing bandages; (7) As an osseous or bone cement for bone replacement or repair; e.g., one which contains hydroxyapatite, bio-active glass ceramic powder, crushed bone or particles of demineralized bone, calcium phosphate, etc.; (8) For slow release of pharmaceutically active agents (but not present). 525,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   appropriate subclasses for a solid synthetic polymer which has been chemically aftertreated with a chemical or drug intended for topically treating a living body. 604,  Surgery,   subclass 290 for a significant method of applying a body treating material or removing material from the body surface.

78.03	Skin cosmetic coating:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 78.02.  Subject matter wherein the composition contains a solid synthetic polymer used to coat the external body parts for cosmetic purpose; e.g., a skin peel to remove materials from the surface and the sebaceous follicles of human skin, etc. (1) Note. The meaning to the term "cosmetic" is essentially the same as that generally accepted or is in common usage. (2) Note. See subclass 78.02 for a discussion on the limitations of cosmetic compositions proper for this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 401, for cosmetic, antiperspirant, and dentifrice for those compositions associated with some structural limitations; e.g., special form, specific dimensions or configurations, plural layers, etc.

78.04	Ophthalmic preparation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 78.02.  Subject matter wherein the composition is used for (1) disinfecting, sterilizing or preserving a contact lens or (2) manufacturing a contact lens using a polymer composition in admixture with a polymer from (1). Such a composition normally would be classified in Class 523, subclass 106, but in most cases, said composition likewise reduces or eliminates eye injury or irritation to the contact lens wearer, or (3) for topically treating the eye of a living animal. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 427, in which the ophthalmic drug or ocular device is in a special physical form intended for and adapted to be placed between the surface of the eye and conjunctiva or between the surface of the eye and a lacrimal gland. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 8,  Bleaching and Dying; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modifications of Textiles and Fibers,   subclass 507 for the process of dyeing a contact lens or product thereof. 351,  Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting,   appropriate subclasses for methods of and instruments for fitting contact lenses and structural features and adaptations for contact lenses, such as coloring a portion of the lens to adsorb part of the visible spectrum; subclasses 160+ for eye contact lens. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclasses 1 through 43for generic processes of deodorizing, preserving or sterilizing of contact lenses or compositions thereof. 510,  Cleaning Compositions for Solid Surfaces, Auxiliary Compositions Therefor, or Processes of Preparing the Compositions,   subclasses 112+ for compositions used for the mere cleaning of contact lenses. 514,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   appropriate subclasses for (1) a contact lens composition which contains a nonbioactive polymer admixed with a medicament or (2) a composition with or without a non-bioactive polymer used to sterilize a contact lens composition to reduce or eliminate any eye injury. 523,  Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   subclass 106 for a composition containing an inactive solid synthetic polymer intended for manufacturing contact lenses. This subclass also provides for a contact lens composition containing its own preserving agent when it is clearly specified and restricted for that use. The nominal method of using these compositions for contact with living animal tissue is classified either in this class or in Class 514. See (3) Note in this class (424), subclass 78.02 for more information distinguishing between these two classes. 604,  Surgery,   subclass 290 for a method of applying a body treating or removing material or subclasses 294+ for a method of application to the eye or eye socket.