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CLASS 280,	LAND VEHICLES
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes vehicles, adapted to travel on land and not elsewhere classified. The term "vehicle" includes some form of running gear as an essential element, which running gear usually supports a load carrier, but may support a load directly, and adapts the vehicle to move over a surface. The basic purpose of those devices commonly called vehicles is the carrying of a load, either freight or passengers, from one place to another. The idea of towing a load, as by locomotives, traction engines, or tractors, has also long been associated with the term "vehicle."

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

Where the articulated vehicle is solely disclosed for use in an earth working or harvesting environment, the proper classification is in Class 172, Earth Working. No specific recitation in the claims of an earth working implement or harvester is necessary to cause an assignment in Class 172. Thus, where the articulative feature is disclosed solely in the performance of an earth working or harvesting operation, the body of art is not collected in Class 280. See (3) Note in the class definition above.

See References to Other Classes, below, for classes related to the following art areas:

A. COMBINED WITH EXTERNAL MEANS OR DEVICES:

1. Remote control;

2. With external loading or unloading means;

3. With rails or tracks.

B. CONVERTIBLE:

1. To nonvehicular devices: (a. To work platforms; b. Miscellaneous);

2. To different types of vehicle.

This class (Class 280) provides for general utility land vehicles having both wheels and runners; for velocipedes convertible to or from plural occupant forms; for velocipedes convertible to or from occupant propulsion; for miscellaneous convertible velocipedes; for general utility wheeled land vehicles convertible to nonvehicular devices; for vehicles convertible to work platforms including means interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof for altering height or levelness or including vertical adjustment of a wheel upon the running gear; for tiltable, handle-propelled wheeled vehicles convertible to devices having no load transporting function; or miscellaneous convertible articulated vehicles. See Subclass References to the Class, below, for references to these areas.

C. EARTH OR TRAVELED SURFACE TRAVERSING AND WORKING OR TREATING DEVICES:

These devices commonly perform their main function of physically treating or affecting the surface while traveling and are equipped with running gear generally equivalent to the vehicular type. Portable or transportable machines having proximate function unrelated to transporting, supporting, or handling material or distributing material during traverse are seldom included in this class (Class 280), but will be found in the class appropriate to the type of work performed, e.g., agitating, ironing, comminuting, etc. However, subcombinations pertaining to the running gear of various art devices may be classified in Class 280 if of general utility.

D. SELF LOADING AND/OR UNLOADING VEHICLES AND PORTABLE MATERIAL HANDLING DEVICES

1. Traversing type. The load is usually distributed over or gathered from the area traversed by the vehicle;

2. Miscellaneous. These devices include vehicles which are loaded or unloaded while stationary also handling mechanisms which are ordinarily used to perform their chief function while stationary, running gear being provided for convenience in moving the device from place to place.

E. VEHICLE TYPES OTHERWISE CLASSIFIED

1. Water;

2. Rail;

3. Motor;

4. Receptacle and support types. The distinction between receptacles and supports provided with wheels and land vehicles has not been clearly established, and many warehouse and factory type trucks and work supports will be found in Class 280, Land Vehicles, and in the classes in References to Other Classes, below, that reference this section, without any stated line or perceptible distinction.

F. VEHICLE PARTS, INSTALLATIONS, ATTACHMENTS AND FURNISHINGS

1. Bodies;

2. Wheels;

3. Miscellaneous.

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

SUBCLASSES

1	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles not provided for in the subclasses hereunder.

1.12	Aircraft:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 828.  Vehicles in which the object simulated is an aircraft. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 827, for aircraft simulations which are pushed by the occupant. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 230+ for a toy aircraft having wheels.

1.13	Figure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 828.  Vehicles in which the object simulated is a living figure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.22, for figure simulating velocipedes which are adapted to be pushed along by the occupant. 200+, for occupant propelled vehicles in which the simulation is not claimed, and see the definition of subclass 827 for the line. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 104,  Railways,   subclass 61 for simulated horses which progress along a track. 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 269+ for a wheeled figure toy.

1.14	Noise makers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which means is provided for making a sound, usually simulating the cry of the creature represented. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 270+ for a wheeled figure toy having sounder, subclass 297 for a figure toy having a sounder, subclasses 188+ for air operated sounders, and subclasses 397+ for other sounding toys. 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 98 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and including animal sound simulation.

1.16	Figure and carriage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which the simulation is that of the figure drawing a carriage. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 275+ for a toy representing a vehicle and an external figure.

1.165	With moving figure or figure parts:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.16.  Vehicles in which the figure as a whole or parts of the figure are so connected with the remainder of the structure as to have relative movement. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.201+, for figures having moving parts where no carriage is provided and where the rider"s body does not move. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 99 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and a relatively movable animal part.

1.167	Relatively movable legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.165.  Vehicles in which the legs of the figure move relative to the trunk of the figure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.204, for figure simulating velocipedes having moving legs but no carriage, the movement of the legs not being necessary to the movement of the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclass 276 for a toy representing a vehicle and an external walking figure.

1.173	Plural:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles having either or both of (a) more than one simulated figure or (b) more than one occupant support. (1) Note. A composite figure having two sides each comprising a separate cut-out is regarded as a single figure if the sides are rigidly secured to each other or the same seat or framework. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 203, for nonsimulating occupant propelled vehicles with side car. 222, for nonsimulating occupant propelled vehicles having plural movable occupant supports. 231+, for nonsimulating vehicles propelled by plural occupants. 273, for nonsimulating occupant-propelled vehicles having one-wheel controlled steering and providing for plural occupants.

1.175	Progressing rocker type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles which are mounted upon rockers so as to cause the vehicle to travel on a supporting surface, either by reason of plural rockers which may be extended or retracted relative to one another or by reason of brakes, rollers or swing arms applied to or cooperating with the rockers. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.193, for platform rocker type, rider-body-actuated velocipede type simulations. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclasses 95+ for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and which may travel backward and forward on a platform.

1.177	Plural relatively moving rockers:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.175.  Vehicles having longitudinally spaced rockers constructed to move relative to each other so as to cause the vehicle to move along a supporting surface. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.181+, for figures which progress by transferring the weight from one swinging leg or support to another, the legs or supports not having rocker bottoms.

1.181	With alternately advanced ground engaging means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles which progress by advancing supporting means alternately either at opposite sides, as in walking (this subclass) or at opposite ends, as in galloping (indented subclasses), or which have an alternately advanced and retracted pusher. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1, for nonsimulating, nonwheeled, stepper type vehicles. 1.177, for similar figures which have rocker bottoms on the swinging supports, on which they rock forward and back as the supports swing. 218, for nonsimulation type wheeled vehicles having walking or galloping progression. 219, for nonsimulation type vehicles having an alternately advanced and retracted pusher. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclass 187 for a motor vehicle which includes one or more ski-like or runner members and wherein the vehicle is provided with at least one surface-engaging propulsion element and further wherein the element has a shuffling movement along the surface which supports it; and subclasses 8.1+ for a motor vehicle having a special driving device in the nature of a stepper. 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 316 , 317, and 377 for a walking figure toy, and see the Search Notes under subclass 377 for other related loci.

1.182	Galloping progression:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.181.  Vehicles having supports attached to the occupant supporting portion at longitudinally spaced points and arranged to swing alternately. If the supports are provided with wheels, they have means to prevent retrograde movement, or they are driven positively by the relative movement of the supports.

1.183	Foot or saddle actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.182.  Vehicles in which the relative spreading apart from and approach toward each other of the supports is brought about by the action of the rider"s weight upon the saddle or the stirrups, the saddle or stirrups having relatively movable connection with the parts to be moved. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 218, for similarly driven wheeled vehicles which claim no simulation features.

1.184	With additional ground engaging means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.182.  Vehicles in which there is present some means, in addition to the two relatively approaching and separating supports to engage the ground or surface over which the vehicle moves, either to stabilize the figure, assist in propelling it, or impart a different type of motion. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.175, for progressing rocker type simulations having a similar ground engaging means. 1.188, for other velocipede type simulations convertible to have more than one kind of motion. 219, for nonsimulation vehicles propelled by means intermittently engaging the ground or floor.

1.186	Occupant not astride:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Velocipede simulations in which the occupant is not seated on the figure in the manner in which a horse is ordinarily ridden. (1) Note. Arrangements in which the occupant is supported within the figure, stands on it or is seated in a chair which does not take the place of the back of the figure or serve as a mere substitute for a saddle are included. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.16+, for velocipede simulations in which the occupant is seated in a vehicle purporting to be drawn by the figure.

1.188	Convertible, interchangeable, or adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which the vehicle may be converted to a vehicle of the nonsimulating type because of the removability of the figure, or changed to a nonprogressive type, or in which the manner for causing progression may be changed or the vehicle or parts thereof may be made larger or smaller to suit occupants of different sizes. (1) Note. Mere change in the adjustment of relatively movable linkages or springs to control the force necessary to be supplied is not included unless the point at which the rider"s effort is applied is also changed. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 7.15+, for convertible nonsimulating velocipede type vehicles which are occupant propelled. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclasses 95+ for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and which may be convertible to another type of device.

1.189	Combined:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles claimed in combination with auxiliary features such as brakes, rider mounting steps, velocipede pushing handles, props, fixed guides, etc. not essential to the primary function of the velocipedes. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.14, for simulation type velocipedes combined with noise makers. 1.16+, for figure and carriage simulating velocipedes. 1.181+, for brakes designed to prevent retrograde motion of velocipedes which advance by alternately advancing and drawing together independently moving ground engaging means. 1.188, for simulation type vehicles having means for converting them to other forms or modes of operation. 264, for nonsimulating type occupant propelled vehicles having combined brakes and steering means. 288.4, for attachments, for occupant propelled vehicles, especially subclass 291 for steps. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 101 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and combined with a disparate device.

1.191	With rider body motion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which the advance of the vehicle along the ground is or may be accompanied by movement of the rider"s body. The movement usually actuates the propelling mechanism or assists in actuating it, but it may be merely a bouncing movement on spring mounted saddles or figure parts which are unrelated to the propelling means of the velocipede. (1) Note. Motion of merely the feet or arms of the rider is not included. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.175+, for rocker type progression caused by body motion. 1.181+, for stepping or galloping type progression caused by body movement. 1.201+, for movable figure devices in which the occupant"s body is not shifted. 226.1, for nonsimulating vehicles whose propulsion is actuated by the occupant"s movable seat. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclasses 95+ for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means.

1.192	With figure motion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.191.  Vehicles in which there is also movement of simulating portions of the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.181+, for figure movement involving alternately advancing supports for causing progression. 1.201+, for figure movement without rider body movement.

1.193	Platform rocker type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.192.  Vehicles in which the movement of a rocker supported figure relative to a supporting platform is transmitted to progressing means for the platform. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.175+, for progressing rocker-mounted figure-simulating vehicles in which the rockers engage the ground or floor directly. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclasses 95+ for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and which may travel on a platform.

1.194	Additional relatively movable drive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.192.  Vehicles having means which produce progression of the figure actuated by either the feet or the hands of the rider, through parts relatively movably connected to the propulsion system either as the primary actuating means or as an aid to rider body actuation. In the former case, the figure must be interconnected to the propulsion mechanism. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 221+, for nonsimulating velocipedes having a movable occupant support and additional propulsion means.

1.195	Rigid or rigid link steering:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.192.  Velocipedes in which steering means comprising a single rigid member or a plurality of rigid members linked together passes through the moving figure body in such a way as to allow vertical movement of the body relative to the point at which the steering impulse is transmitted to the running gear of the velocipede. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 263+, for steering for occupant propelled vehicles generally. 771+, for occupant steered vehicles generally.

1.196	Body centrally pivoted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.192.  Vehicles in which the figure pivots about a horizontal axis extending through the chassis and through a fixed point in the central portion of the trunk of the figure, the motion of the rider"s body being transmitted to a drive for the vehicle through the figure motion. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.175+, for rocking velocipedes which progress with the rockers in contact with the supporting surface. 1.193, for platform rocker type velocipedes.

1.201	Movably mounted figure or figure parts:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles having the entire figure or body parts thereof, such as ears, tails, heads, legs, mounted so as to be movable relative to the base, running gear or other parts, usually for simulating their natural movement on the living animal. Movement to provide access openings is included. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.165+, for carriage combined animal figures with movable body parts. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 472,  Amusement Devices,   particularly subclass 99 for a rockable, nonprogressing, animal simulation amusement device having rider seat means and a relatively movable animal part.

1.202	Steering movement:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.201.  Vehicles in which the foreparts of the figure are movably mounted for steering, being directly or indirectly connected to the turning portion of the running gear. (1) Note. Either the head or feet, or both, may turn for steering (this subclass) or the entire forepart of the animal may be hinged to the body along a vertical line (indented subclass). (2) Note. If the head is nonrigidly connected to the steering running gear, it must transmit the steering impulse. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.201, for heads relatively movably connected to independent steering mechanism. See (2) Note. 1.206, for rein steered figure velocipedes. 263+, for steering means for nonsimulating occupant propelled vehicles. 771+, for occupant steered vehicles generally.

1.203	Body hinged in vertical plane:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.202.  Vehicles in which the steering body foreparts are hinged to the figure"s body hindparts along a generally vertical line falling between the front and rear legs or supports of the figure.

1.204	Movable legs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.201.  Vehicles in which the legs move relatively to the trunk of the figure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1, for nonsimulating vehicles having walking supports without wheels. 1.167, for carriage-combined animal figures with relatively movable legs. 1.181+, for figures in which the legs support the figure on the ground or floor and have relative movement to cause the figure to progress as by walking or galloping. 1.192+, for leg movement which is part of the drive mechanism in rider body motion types or which serves to accommodate figure body motion to a running gear which has no corresponding motion. 218, for nonsimulating vehicles of the occupant-propelled type having alternately advancing wheeled supports.

1.206	Rein steered or driven:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles in which the propulsion of the vehicle or the turning of the wheels or supports for steering is caused by the rider"s pulling on the reins. (1) Note. In this subclass, the head does not turn relative to the body, but patents from subclasses 1.201+ are cross-referenced herein when the reins are relatively movably connected to the steering point, even though the head also turns. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.202+, for figures in which the head or fore-parts turn relatively to the body, the steered ground engaging means usually being rigid with the head or forefeet. The head may be turned by pulling on the reins. See (1) Note.

1.207	Stirrup steered or driven:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Vehicles which are propelled or steered by movement of the rider"s feet in stirrups attached to the figure. (1) Note. The stirrups must be equivalent to the stirrups of a horse saddle to the extent of being movably suspended from the saddle or seat portion of the simulated figure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.183, for foot or saddle actuated galloping type velocipedes.

1.208	Hollow body:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.13.  Velocipedes in which the figure is constructed as a shell or in which a solid body has been provided with one or more openings or cavities, usually to accommodate operating parts of the progressing mechanism. (1) Note. Bodies having apertures to receive nonmoving parts which fit more or less closely therein are not considered to be hollow within the meaning of this definition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.195, for bodies having slots to permit rocking movement of the body relative to rigid or rigid link steering means passing therethrough.

1.21	Aircraft:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 827.  Vehicles which simulate aircraft. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.12, for aircraft simulating velocipedes having occupant operated means for propulsion. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 230+ for a toy aircraft having wheels.

1.22	Figure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 827.  Vehicles in which the simulation is that of a living figure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.13+, for velocipedes of this type having means operated by the occupant for propelling them. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclasses 97+ and 115+ for figure toys.

1.23	Attendant propelled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 1.22.  Vehicles which additionally include devices particularly adapted for the pushing or pulling of the vehicle by a nonoccupant. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 446,  Amusement Devices: Toys,   for hand pushed toys.

1.5	WITH MEANS FOR ENGAGING BODY OF WALKING ATTENDANT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  A vehicle having a means adapted to engage the body of a walking attendant other than means adapted to be engaged by the hands or feet, the body engaging means being for the purpose of propelling the vehicle or sustaining some of the load carried by the vehicle. (1) Note. An agricultural implement claimed by name only is considered a vehicle for purposes of this definition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47.11, for a vehicle wheel steered by a walking attendant. 47.17+, for handle propelled tiltable vehicles. 47.34+, for handle propelled stable vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 54,  Harness for Working Animal,   for animal harness, per se. 172,  Earth Working,   subclass 353 for an earth working implement having a draft means or ground support and guided or propelled by a walking attendant and also having body engaging means.

2	Dropped bodies:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Vehicles having a portion of the body or load supporting framework depending between the axles to form a portion of the running gear connections. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 6.151+, for a vehicle including means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame for the proximate utility of facilitating cargo movement which may entail lowering the cargo support surface below the usual running gear level. 43.11, for a vehicle having a vertically adjustable wheel, the axis of which may be moved to a position above the load carrying surface of the vehicle. 47.23, for handle-propelled vehicles with similarly disposed body or load supporting framework.

3	WHEELED PROPELLED:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles provided with means for rotating a wheel or wheels and operable from without the vehicle for propelling it. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 151, for auxiliary load starting attachments. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 105,  Railway Rolling Stock,   subclasses 96+ for railway rolling stock with wheel or axle drive, and especially subclass 129 for flange or axle grip tools.

4	HOSE AND LADDER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles specially adapted to carry ladders and fire-hose, commonly fire-fighting vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 182,  Fire Escape, Ladder, or Scaffold,   subclasses 63.1+ for a vehicle mounted ladder with erection means and subclass 127 for a ladder with a land vehicle.

5.2	STEP OR ABUTMENT ASCENDING TYPE VEHICLE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles (a) constructed to permit its parts to be arranged for, or (b) having means combined therewith for ascending or descending steps or similar obstructions. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 30+, for miscellaneous convertible land vehicles.

5.22	With endless track:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles having endless traction elements (a) shiftably mounted from a normal tractive position to a second position angularly disposed on the vehicle to contact the edge portion of a step or abutment to propel the vehicle while in upright position at an incline to the horizontal, or (b) which are designed to have one portion active while traveling horizontally and a second portion active while ascending or descending a step or abutment, or (c) which are auxiliary to the normal running gear to provide a secondary traction means operative only when ascending or descending steps or the like. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclasses 9.1+ for a motor vehicle including a special driving device of endless track configuration. 305,  Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,   appropriate subclasses for endless flexible track type wheel substitutes.

5.24	With skid or rollerway:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles having a plate-like surface or rollerway positioned on the vehicle and designed to engage the edge portion of the step or abutment to facilitate movement of the vehicle thereacross. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.32, for roller attachments providing a fulcrum support for a vehicle. 7.12, for wheeled velocipedes convertible to or from runner type. 8+, for miscellaneous vehicles provided with wheeled and runner type running gear.

5.26	With spider-type engaging means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles comprising a spider-like means pivotally mounted on a vehicle in position to permit the legs of the spider to engage the tread portions of successive steps or levels of a path. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 305,  Wheel Substitutes for Land Vehicles,   subclasses 1+ for steppers.

5.28	Relatively movable running gear portions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles in which the running gear comprises spaced ground engaging portions, which portions are mounted for relative movement to permit variations in the relative vertical or horizontal distances between said portions to facilitate movement over a step or abutment. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 6.15+, for a land vehicle including means, interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame. 43+, for a wheeled land vehicle including vertically adjustable wheels for altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof.

5.3	Jack-type attachment (i.e., elevating):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles having attached thereto mechanism adapted to react upon a tread surface to lift or lower the vehicle to or from the step or abutment. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 254,  Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   subclasses 418+ for miscellaneous vehicles having jacks attached thereto.

5.32	Fulcrum attachment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.2.  Vehicles having attached thereto a fulcrum means about which the vehicle may be tilted. (1) Note. The fulcrum is usually provided with wheel means at its outer end to permit translatory movement of the vehicle on its attached fulcrum. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47.12, for vehicles having rocker or fulcrum supports auxiliary to the wheels. 47.2, for auxiliary wheel attachments for two wheeled hand trucks or barrows.

5.5	SUSPENSION MODIFICATION ENACTED DURING TRAVEL (I.E., ACTIVE SUSPENSION CONTROL):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicle comprising a regulatable elastic means intermediate a vehicle body, chassis, or frame and ground engaging means thereof for supporting the weight of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame (i.e., sprung mass) upon the ground engaging means (e.g., axle, runner, ski, skid, sled, tire, unsprung mass, wheel, wheel assembly, wheel carrier) wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property responsive to a force encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion to control a handling or ride posture characteristic of the vehicle. (1) Note. A named "vehicle suspension system or unit" responsive to a limitation, either expressly or inferentially claimed, representing a force associated with a traveling vehicle is properly classifiable herein whether or not mechanical parts (e.g., axle, control arm, linkage, pivot, runner, shock absorber, ski, skid, sled, spring, tire, wheel, wheel assembly, wheel carrier) constituting the regulatable elastic means or the ground engaging means are claimed. (2) Note. A named "vehicle suspension system or unit," per se, lacking the limitation of responsiveness to a force associated with a vehicle in traveling motion is not properly classifiable herein. Thus, the feature of a "vehicle suspension system or unit" responding to a "load or loading condition," lacking a specific vehicular traversing motion limitation by either sole disclosure of dynamic loading experienced by the regulatable elastic means or explicit claim language, is not proper for classification in this or the indented subclasses but is provided for later in the class schedule. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 6.15+, for a general utility land vehicle including means interposed between the vehicle body, chassis, or frame and running gear thereof, for altering height or levelness of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame without vehicular traversing motion. 8+, for a vehicle having both wheel and runner support. 80.1+, for specific running gear associated with a general utility wheeled land vehicle, especially subclass 86.5 for an auxiliary axle assembly, subclasses 86.75+ for running gear provided with geometric or spatial alignment adjustment, or subclasses 124.1+ for a particular running gear suspension arrangement. 200+, for wheeled occupant-propelled-type land vehicle running gear, especially subclasses 274+ or 281.1+. Additionally, in accordance with the (2) Note of subclass 200, motorcycle frames and running gear, without features causing classification in Class 180, Motor Vehicles, are included in these subclasses. 400+, for running gear of an articulated vehicle or plural interconnected vehicles (i.e., vehicle train). 830+, wherein a vehicle frame is specially adapted to carry a tank or boiler, especially subclass 7 for means for leveling the tank or boiler portion responsive to an actual or incipient nonlevel condition. 845+, for a vehicle having a sliding engagement with the travel surface, especially subclass 25 which includes a spring support. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   appropriate subclasses, for a general utility self-propelled land vehicle including a feature as specified in Class 180 definition. Class 180 is superior to Class 280 in the class hierarchy. 188,  Brakes,   subclasses 2+ for a retarding or stopping mechanism employed upon a vehicle; or subclasses 266+ for a retarding or stopping mechanism employing an internal resistance medium. 267,  Spring Devices,   subclasses 2+ for a spring device employed upon a vehicle. 301,  Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,   appropriate subclasses, for specific wheel or axle construction. Class 301 is subordinate to Class 280 in the class hierarchy. 701,  Data Processing: Vehicles, Navigation, and Relative Location,   subclasses 37+ for computer controlled auxiliary automotive vehicle systems including active suspension control.

5.501	Including fail-safe override of hazardous condition:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter comprising means for detecting a perceived abnormal handling or ride posture characteristic presenting a potentially life threatening situation during surface traversing motion whereby the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to assume a predefined state. (1) Note. Fail-safe override requires a positive action by the regulatable elastic means upon the detection of a perceived abnormal handling or ride posture characteristic. The positive action may entail control elimination or attainment of a preordained position of the regulatable elastic means. (2) Note. A suspension having regulatable elastic means that is merely preferentially operated while the vehicle is experiencing normal handling or ride posture characteristics is not proper for classification in this subclass and the subclass indented hereunder but rather belongs in an appropriate subclass provided later in the class schedule.

5.502	Of lateral vehicle attitude (e.g., antiroll, antisway):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.501.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern transverse or sideways vehicle body, chassis, or frame posture in relation to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. (1) Note. The regulatable elastic means acts to change the transverse or sideways angulation of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame in relation to the travel direction.

5.503	Priority assignment between diverse control criterion:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property responsive to multiple, individual handling or ride posture, characteristics encountered while the vehicle is in normal surface traversing motion and one of the encountered handling or ride posture characteristics dominates the response of the regulatable elastic means. (1) Note. The phrase "normal surface traversing motion" is employed to distinguish from a perceived abnormal handling or ride posture condition which is provided for earlier in the class schedule. (2) Note. Representative of multiple, individual handling or ride posture characteristics are lateral vehicle attitude, longitudinal vehicle attitude, riding or suspension height, suspension stiffness for ride comfort, etc. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.501+, for a land vehicle active suspension having a regulatable elastic means which is caused to alter its elasticity property in response to a perceived abnormal handling or ride posture condition.

5.504	Including condition or parameter adjustment occurring at longitudinally spaced vehicle axles:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter comprising (a) supporting shafts or members for the ground engaging means positioned at front and rear ends of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame; (b) regulatable elastic means being disposed at each end of the vehicle; and (c) the regulatable elastic means are cooperatively regulated. (1) Note. Regulatable elastic means positioned at front and rear ends of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame without the inclusion of the supporting shafts or members are not proper for classification in this subclass or those indented hereunder.

5.505	Applied between diagonally opposed suspension units:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.504.  Subject matter wherein (a) the regulatable elastic means are additionally located upon opposite sides of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline and (b) the cooperative regulation of the elastic means occurs upon opposite ends and opposite sides of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame.

5.506	Controlling lateral vehicle attitude (e.g., antiroll, antisway):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.504.  Subject matter wherein the cooperative regulation of the longitudinally spaced regulatable elastic means governs transverse or sideways vehicle body, chassis, or frame posture in relation to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. (1) Note. Adjustment occurs upon each longitudinally spaced vehicle axle. Control of lateral vehicle attitude by regulatable elastic means upon a single vehicle axle is not proper for classification in this subclass but is provided for later in the class schedule. (2) Note. The regulatable elastic means acts to change the transverse or sideways angulation of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame in relation to the travel direction. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.508+, for an active land vehicle suspension including control of lateral vehicle attitude by regulatable elastic means upon a single vehicle axle.

5.507	Lateral and longitudinal vehicle attitude control (e.g., combinations of antidive, antipitch, antiroll, antisquat, antisway, antiyaw, riding, or suspension height):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern both transverse or sideways and front-to-rear or fore-and-aft posture of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame in relation to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. (1) Note. A suspension system providing lateral and longitudinal attitude control including longitudinally spaced front and rear vehicle axles is not proper for classification in this subclass. (2) Note. A suspension system separately providing, as claimed, for either lateral or longitudinal attitude control is not proper for classification in this subclass. Such a suspension system belongs in a subclass provided later in the class schedule for the respective lateral or longitudinal attitude control being claimed. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.504+, for an active land vehicle suspension system providing lateral and longitudinal attitude control including elasticity adjustment occurring at longitudinally spaced vehicle axles.

5.508	Lateral vehicle disposition:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern sideways or transverse posture of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame in relation to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. (1) Note. The regulatable elastic means acts to change the transverse or sideways angulation of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame in relation to the direction of travel. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.502, for a suspension controlling lateral vehicle attitude including fail-safe override of a hazardous condition. 5.504+, for a suspension controlling lateral vehicle attitude including longitudinally spaced vehicle axles.

5.509	Body banking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.508.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means inclines or tilts the vehicle body, chassis, or frame toward a center of curvature about which the vehicle is executing arcuate travel to overcompensate for resultant centrifugal force experienced by the vehicle executing. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 124.103, for a mechanical hardware or structural assembly suspension arrangement causing body banking on turning.

5.51	Steering element responsive (e.g., steering angle, steering rate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.508.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means responds to operation of a mechanism causing the vehicle to execute arcuate travel. (1) Note. The mere inclusion of terminology associated with arcuate travel of a vehicle, such as steered, turned, or turning, without a limitation indicative of operation of means for executing such arcuate travel of the vehicle does not render classification proper for this or the indented subclasses.

5.511	Applied to sway or torsion bar:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.51.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means includes an elongated rod, shaft, or tube having a long axis and providing a springing action through twisting about the long axis (torque deformation) upon which the regulative action is administered. (1) Note. The mere inclusion of a sway or torsion bar does not cause assignment to this subclass unless a regulative action is applied to such sway or torsion bar. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 124.106+, for a mechanical hardware or structural assembly suspension arrangement for preventing sideways or transverse tilt of a vehicle body, chassis, or frame including a sway or torsion bar interconnecting laterally opposed wheel suspension units. 124.125+, for a suspension arrangement of a wheel separately supported upon an individual skein or spindle axle; especially subclass 124.13 wherein a longitudinally extending swinging arm includes stabilizing means within the connection housing of the swinging arm pivot to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame; subclass 124.137 wherein an upper and lower lateral control arm suspension includes a torsion bar; subclass 124.149 wherein a lateral control arm and vertical strut suspension includes a torsion stabilizer; or subclass 124.152 wherein a lateral control arm suspension includes a stabilizer bar. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 267,  Spring Devices,   subclasses 183+ for a spring device having a stabilizer bar for causing a uniform displacement along a substantially horizontal line contained in the vehicle body or chassis.

5.512	Including suspension stiffness for ride comfort (e.g., damping coefficient, spring rate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.51.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means additionally governs the extent of vibrational force experienced by a vehicle occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.503, for an active suspension responsive to plural, diverse control criterion and one of the control characteristics is given regulative priority.

5.513	Longitudinal vehicle disposition (e.g., antidive, antipitch, antisquat):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern front-to-rear or fore-and-aft posture of the vehicle body, chassis or frame along the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.504+, for an active suspension including longitudinally spaced front and rear vehicle axles or wheel support means.

5.514	Riding or suspension height (e.g., ground-clearance, "trim height"):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern distance from various points of a vehicle body, chassis, or frame to the travel surface or vertical separation from running gear components. (1) Note. This subclass provides for adjusting or maintaining a physically dimensioned separation gap (e.g., "trim height," etc.) between a vehicle body, chassis or frame and land or running gear components, as contrasted with the lateral or longitudinal vehicle attitude or disposition subclasses provided earlier in the class schedule whose proximate utility is regulation of the posture of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame, although the vehicle attitude or disposition subclasses may inherently alter riding or suspension height. (2) Note. Fluid suspension systems including a "level control valve" provided with means for adjustment of the trip point thereof responding to changes of static loading are not proper for this subclass but are provided for later in the class schedule. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.501+, for a riding or suspension height adjustable suspension including fail-safe override. 5.503, for an active suspension responsive to diverse control criterion, one of which may be riding or suspension height. 6.157+, for body elevation or tilt adjustment of a vehicle due to a static load imposed upon the suspension including adjustment of a trip point of a "level control valve" within a fluid suspension system. See the (2) Note supra. 43+, for an extensible vehicle including vertically adjustable wheels for altering a dimension of the vehicle or part thereof. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 267,  Spring Devices,   subclass 64.16 for a fluid spring device including means for maintaining an effective working range of the fluid spring device.

5.515	Suspension stiffness for ride comfort (e.g., damping coefficient, spring rate):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property so as to govern the extent of travel surface induced vibrational force experienced by a vehicle occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.512, for an active suspension controlling lateral vehicle disposition and including suspension stiffness for ride comfort regulation. 6.157+, for a suspension arrangement including control means which establish riding or trim height of the vehicle suspension arrangement due to a static load for enabling proper running gear operation, which may or may not involve adjustment of suspension stiffness. 124.101+, for a mechanical hardware or structural assembly suspension arrangement including control means for preparatory adjustment of the extent of resilient, shock absorbing support provided. 124.108, for a mechanical hardware or structural assembly suspension arrangement specifically abating mechanically induced vibration.

5.516	Bushing compliance:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.515.  Subject matter comprising an accommodative resilient coupling member whose elasticity property is altered.

5.517	Look ahead:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.515.  Subject matter comprising (a) means upon the vehicle for detecting land surface irregularities spatially positioned from the regulated elastic means and (b) the regulatable elastic means is caused to alter its elasticity property responsive thereto. (1) Note. Included herein are "road surface detectors" relying upon a transient signal from an element of another regulatable elastic means to signify the road surface condition. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.504+, for an active suspension including longitudinally spaced vehicle axles or wheel support means. 5.518, for an active suspension including "road surface detectors" which actually observe land surface irregularities and contour.

5.518	Traveling surface inspection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.517.  Subject matter wherein the means upon the vehicle for detecting land surface irregularities actually examines or observes the land contour. (1) Note. Included herein are sonic, ultrasonic, or other road surface examining systems. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.515+, for an active suspension which relies upon a transient signal from an element of a regulatable elastic means to signify the road surface condition.

5.519	Plural distinct modes (i.e., HARD-SOFT):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.515.  Subject matter comprising selection of an elasticity or resiliency value from among discrete, multiple relative elasticity or resiliency values, with each elasticity or resiliency value representing a defined ride firmness. (1) Note. Included herein are suspension systems providing "HARD-SOFT" ride firmness. (2) Note. Continuous adjustment or variable suspension systems are not included herein because they do not invoke selection of defined parameters. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.515+, for a continuous adjustment or variable active suspension.

5.52	Suspension geometry (e.g., camber, caster, toe-in/toe-out, wheel track, road contact):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.5.  Subject matter wherein the regulatable elastic means governs a spatial relationship between structural elements of the running gear. (1) Note. Running gear is defined as the structural assembly connecting ground-engaging means (e.g., runner, skid, sled, wheel) to a vehicle body, chassis, or frame, inclusive of axle, control arm, link, shock absorber, spring, strut, etc. (2) Note. The spatial relationship herein provides for other than vertical separation of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame from running gear components which is specifically provided in subclass 5.514 earlier in the class schedule. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.514, for a suspension including riding or suspension height alteration of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame relative to land or components of the running gear. 43+, for an extensible vehicle including vertically adjustable wheels relative to the running gear for altering a dimension of the vehicle or part thereof. 86.75+, for a wheeled vehicle running gear provided with means upon the vehicle enabling static adjustment of a spatial relationship.

5.521	Camber or caster:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.52.  Subject matter wherein the spatial relationship governs an inclination or tilt of (a) a wheel relative to the ground surface as measured in degrees from true vertical (i.e., camber) or (b) a steering axis relative to the center line of the wheel as measured in degrees from true vertical (i.e., caster). (1) Note. Camber is the tilting inward (negative camber) or outward (positive camber) of the top of the wheel as viewed from the front of the vehicle. (2) Note. Caster is the tilting forward (negative caster) or backward (positive caster) of a line extending through upper and lower ball joints or a kingpin as viewed from the side of the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 86.751+, for general utility wheeled land vehicle running gear provided with means enabling static camber or caster adjustment.

5.522	Toe:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.52.  Subject matter wherein the spatial relationship governs a difference in distance between extreme front and rear edges of laterally opposed wheels relative to the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle. (1) Note. "Toe-in" results when the distance difference for the extreme front edges is smaller than for the extreme rear edges. "Toe-out" results when the distance difference for the extreme front edges is greater than for the extreme rear edges. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 86.75+, for general utility wheeled land vehicle running gear provided with means for enabling static toe adjustment, particularly subclass 86.758 for toe adjustment of a steerable wheel.

5.523	Bushing compliance:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.522.  Subject matter comprising an accommodative resilient coupling member whose elasticity property is altered.

5.524	Nonsteered wheel (e.g., independent rear suspension):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5.523.  Subject matter wherein the accommodative resilient coupling member is utilized in supporting an unsteerable, rolling ground engaging member.

6.15	BODY ELEVATION OR TILT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicle comprising means disposed between that portion of a land vehicle which operates as a load, load carrier, or receptacle and running gear for vertically predisposing the load, load carrier, or receptacle at a distance from either the land surface or from the running gear to achieve change in height or level. (1) Note. Running gear is defined as the structural assembly connecting ground-engaging means (e.g., runner, skid, sled, wheel) to a vehicle body, chassis, or frame, inclusive of axle, control arm, link, shock absorber, spring, strut, etc. (2) Note. Means for vertically positioning a wheel relative to running gear for the purpose of altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof is not proper for classification in this subclass or subclasses indented hereunder. Such subject matter is provided for later in the class schedule. (3) Note. The means changes height or levelness for other than transient excursions. Adjustment or establishment of riding or suspension height of a vehicle body, chassis, or frame in response to a force encountered while the vehicle is executing surface travel is provided for earlier in this class (Class 280). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.503, for an active suspension involving plural diverse control criterion, one of which may be riding or suspension height adjustment. 5.514, for riding or suspension height adjustment occurring during vehicle travel. 7, for a vehicle wherein the receptacle, load, or load carrier comprises a tank or boiler with leveling means extending between running gear and the tank or boiler. 30+, for a vehicle which is convertible from a wheeled vehicle to a nonvehicular structure. 43+, for a vehicle comprising a running gear and a wheel means, and means whereby the wheel means may be vertically adjusted relative to the running gear for the purpose of altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof. 293+, for a velocipede which is provided with a prop or steadying device. 763.1+, for a vehicle which is provided with a retractable prop or stand which may be extended to stabilize the vehicle when not in motion. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 56,  Harvesters,   subclasses 206+ for platform adjustments for harvesters. 105,  Railway Rolling Stock,   subclass 164 for railroad trucks with levelers. 172,  Earth Working,   appropriate subclasses, especially subclasses 395+ for earth working apparatus comprising vertically adjustable wheels; subclasses 400+ for means interconnecting the wheels of an earth working implement whereby they may be moved, simultaneously, vertically with respect to the frame; subclass 406 for an earth working apparatus with an actuator for adjusting wheels on different axles and an additional actuator for changing the relative position of the wheels; subclasses 446+ for laterally adjustable earth working tools which may involve a leveling feature; subclasses 459+ for an earth working element which is swingable about an axis which extends substantially in the direction of movement of the apparatus over the ground; or subclass 466 for an earth working tool which is lifted and held raised for transport by a means other than the lifting means. 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclasses 39 and 41 for motor vehicles of that class (Class 180) with leveling means and subclasses 89.1+ for attaching bodies of motor vehicles of that class (Class 180) to the running gear thereof. 296,  Land Vehicles: Bodies and Tops,   appropriate subclasses for vehicle body construction in general, especially subclasses 35.1+ for devices securing the vehicle body to the running chassis frame including nominal recitation of running gear. 298,  Land Vehicles: Dumping,   appropriate subclasses for vehicles other than track or rail vehicles adapted to carry a load with means to manipulate the vehicle so that a considerable part of the load will move by gravity to unload the vehicle.

6.151	Loading position:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.15.  Subject matter comprising predisposing the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion to accommodate cargo movement. (1) Note. Included herein are means for positioning the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion of a land vehicle at a height compatible to that of a loading dock. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 2, for a vehicle wherein a portion of the body or load supporting framework depends between axles and functions as part of the running gear connection. 43.11, for a vehicle having a vertically adjustable wheel for altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof wherein the wheel axis may be moved to a position above the load carrying surface of the vehicle. 47.21+, for a handle propelled, tiltable vehicle having an adjustable or shiftable axle to varying the position thereof relative to the body to facilitate loading. 47.23, for a handle propelled, tiltable vehicle having a load carrying surface below a wheel axis with no means to elevate the wheel. 425.1+, for articulated vehicles including a semitrailer provided with power or manually actuated lift means on the tractor or reacting between the tractor and trailer to vertically position the connecting members (a) for coupling or (b) to raise the trailer after coupling. 446.1+, for articulated vehicles wherein the position of a connection is automatically changed in response to load or draft connections. 477+, for articulated vehicles including a coupling facilitating device wherein the articulated vehicles are other than the semitrailer type. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 298,  Land Vehicles: Dumping,   appropriate subclasses for vehicles other than track or rail vehicles adapted to carry a load with means to manipulate the vehicle so that a considerable part of the load will move by gravity to unload the vehicle. 414,  Material or Article Handling,   subclass 584 for external means used to position the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion of a vehicle for accommodating cargo movement.

6.152	Occupant ingress or egress:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.151.  Subject matter wherein the accommodated cargo movement is user entry or exit from the vehicle. (1) Note. Included herein are "kneeling" bus suspensions.

6.153	Static site leveling (e.g., camper, mobile home, recreational vehicle, work vehicle):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.15.  Subject matter comprising predisposing of the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion in a level attitude, irrespective of the surface contour beneath the vehicle, at a singular, stationary location. (1) Note. Included herein are leveling means employing elements of the running gear. Leveling means involving attachments or auxiliary devices are not proper for classification in this subclass unless they are interrelated with an element of the running gear. (2) Note. Level attitude for the purpose of this subclass is intended to be absolute level (i.e., parallel to a flat horizontal plane). SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47.33, for a wheeled tiltable vehicle provided with leg structure to stabilize the vehicle in a rest position. 293+, for a velocipede which is provided with a prop or steadying device. 427+, for articulated vehicles including a semitrailer having landing gear with interrelated coupling or brake operation. 475, for articulated vehicles provided with ground engaging support means to partially support one of the vehicles when uncoupled from the other vehicle, wherein the support means is in a retracted or inoperative position when the vehicles are coupled. 763.1+, for a vehicle which is provided with a retractable prop or stand which may be extended to stabilize the vehicle when not in motion. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 254,  Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   subclasses 418+ for attached vehicle jacks, including retractable ground supports and props.

6.154	Terrain slope compensation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.15.  Subject matter comprising predisposing the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion to accommodate sustained travel upon an expansive inclined surface. (1) Note. The presence of a gravity induced alteration control is included in this and the indented subclasses. (2) Note. This and the indented subclasses are intended to position the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion in an appropriate attitude for prolonged travel upon a hillside or other protracted, nonlevel land configuration. Accordingly, load, load carrier, or receptacle vertical positioning occurring from encountering rough or uneven terrain is not proper for this or the indented subclasses. Such rough or uneven terrain adjustment is a normal function of a suspension system and is provided for earlier in the class schedule if suspension adjustment is caused to occur in response to a force encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion or in an appropriate subclass elsewhere. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.508+, for an active suspension responding to a force encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion to regulate lateral disposition of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame. 5.514, for an active suspension responding to a force encountered while the vehicle is in surface traversing motion to regulate ground clearance or "trim height".

6.155	Individual ground engaging means vertically movable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.154.  Subject matter comprising (a) separately mounted running gear positioned upon each side of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame; and (b) means to create vertical movement of at least one of the running gear. (1) Note. Running gear is defined as the structural assembly connecting ground-engaging means (e.g., runner, skid, sled, wheel) to a vehicle body, chassis, or frame, inclusive of axle, control arm, link, shock absorber, spring, strut, etc. (2) Note. Running gear comprising a single transverse axle either pivotally mounted or having a crank axle on each end is not to be considered separately mounted running gear proper for classification in this or the indented subclass but is provided for earlier in the class schedule. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 6.154, for a vehicle including body elevation or tilting by means of running gear comprising a single transverse axle either pivotally mounted or having a crank axle on each end. 43+, for means for vertically positioning a wheel relative to running gear for the purpose of altering a dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof.

6.156	Longitudinally extending support arm:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.155.  Subject matter wherein at least one vertically movable laterally positioned running gear is supported upon an elongate member pivotally mounted about a laterally directed axis.

6.157	Establishing riding or trim height:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.15.  Subject matter comprising predisposing the load, load carrier, or receptacle portion for attaining an appropriate location for proper running gear operation. (1) Note. Riding or trim height is an art term recognized to define a normal operative disposition of structural components of the running gear design. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.503, for an active suspension involving plural diverse control criterion, one of which may be riding or suspension height adjustment. See the (3) Note under subclass 6.15 of this class. 5.514, for an active suspension having riding or suspension height adjustment responding while the vehicle is in motion. See the (2) Note under subclass 5.514 of this class. 86.5, for a vehicle including a selectively employed auxiliary axle which may or may not be deployed into ground engaging position for establishing riding or trim height. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 267,  Spring Devices,   subclass 64.16 for a fluid spring device including means for maintaining an effective working range of the fluid spring device.

6.158	Including dwell period (e.g., delay, inactive, suppression):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.157.  Subject matter including means deferring incipient operation. (1) Note. Included herein are riding or trim height establishing suspensions provided with delay means inhibiting or precluding a response to excursions of the vehicle body, chassis, or frame while the vehicle is in motion. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 5.503, for a riding or trim height establishing suspension including means responding while the vehicle is in motion for superseding riding or trim height control. See the (3) Note under subclass 6.15 of this class.

6.159	Load responsive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.157.  Subject matter wherein the riding or trim height is established by the distribution or quantity of payload placed in or upon the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 6.158, for a riding or trim height establishing suspension, which may or may not be responsive to a distribution or quantity of payload placed in or upon the vehicle, including means deferring incipient operation.

6.16	Lateral vehicle attitude:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.159.  Subject matter wherein the riding or trim height adjustment controls the sideways or transverse disposition of the vehicle relative to the vehicle body, chassis, or frame centerline. (1) Note. Either a specific limitation directed to controlling lateral disposition or sole disclosure of controlling the running gear at lateral sides of a single vehicle axle are required for placement in this subclass.

7	With tank leveling device:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 830.  Vehicle comprising (a) means for keeping the tank or boiler portion of a vehicle level responsive to a means sensing an actual or incipient nonlevel condition, or (b) an adjustable means extending between the running gear and the tank or boiler of the vehicle which is operative to level the tank or boiler.

7.1	CONVERTIBLE (I.E., VELOCIPEDE TYPE):
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Velocipedes in which the parts may be manipulated to convert the vehicle into some other device or some other type of vehicle. (1) Note. Velocipedes are those vehicles including skates, adapted to be propelled by the occupant including those pushed by the occupant by contact of the hands or feet with the surface over which the vehicle moves. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 1.188, for convertible figure type velocipedes. 9+, for wheel and runner vehicles with retractable wheels or runners. 13, for runners applied to the wheels of wheeled vehicles. 30, for a general utility wheeled land vehicle which is convertible to a nonvehicular structure. 87.01+, for coasters. 200+, for occupant propelled-type land vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 105,  Railway Rolling Stock,   subclass 95 for trackman"s car convertible to bicycle. 297,  Chairs and Seats,   subclasses 1+ for chair or seat convertible from wheel mounted to nonwheel mounted by reorienting the entire device, and subclasses 130+ for a chair or seat having alternately usable supporting devices, as wheels, rockers, suspending hangers and the like.

7.11	To drop frame:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.1.  Velocipedes in which the conversion is from an ordinary frame to a drop frame, i.e., one which is commonly known as a ladies" bicycle.

7.12	Wheel to or from runner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.1.  Velocipedes in which the conversion is from a wheeled velocipede to a runner type or vice versa. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 8+, for wheel and runner vehicles. 13, for wheel runner type vehicles.

7.13	Skates:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.12.  Velocipedes which have means adapting them to be attached to the feet of the occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 841+, for skates not convertible.

7.14	Substituted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.12.  Vehicles in which a wheel is substituted for a runner or vice versa.

7.15	Occupant propelled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.1.  Vehicles which have means adapting them to be propelled by the occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 7.12, for vehicles convertible to the runner type and having occupant propelling means. 200+, for nonconvertible vehicles with occupant propelling means.

7.16	To or from plural occupant:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.15.  Vehicles in which the conversion is to or from a plural occupant propelled vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 209, 222, 231+, and 273 for occupant propelled vehicles having provision for plural occupants.

7.17	To nonpropelled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 7.15.  Vehicles in which the conversion is from an occupant propelled vehicle to a nonoccupant propelled vehicle or vice versa.

8	WHEELED AND RUNNER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Vehicles provided with both supporting wheels and runners. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 7.12+, for convertible velocipedes of the wheel and runner type. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclass 196 for a motor vehicle which includes one or more ski-like or runner members and wherein the vehicle is provided with at least one surface-engaging propulsion element and further wherein the element comprises a traction wheel.

9	Retracting wheel or runner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 8.  Vehicles in which either the wheel or the runner gear may be moved to an inoperative position, leaving the other in position for use. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 86.5, for a general utility wheeled land vehicle including an auxiliary axle assembly which is selectively disposable between a use and a nonuse position. 638+, for a vehicle constructed in such manner that the physical dimension of the vehicle or a part thereof may change or vary, particularly subclasses 639+ wherein the vehicle is foldable to a collapsed or more compact form or subclasses 43+ wherein the vehicle is provided with vertically adjustable wheels.

10	Wheel-runner type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Vehicles in which the runner gear in its operative position engages the wheels of the wheeled gear. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 13, for wheel runner type sleds.

11	Pivoted lateral axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9.  Vehicles in which the adjustable running-gear is pivoted to swing about an axis laterally of the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 641+, for folding vehicles having pivoted wheel carriers with transverse axis.

11.115	With propulsion means driven by occupant:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 841.  Skates provided with means to cause them to move relative to the surface on which they are supported, which means is driven by the manual effort of the person utilizing the skates. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 200+, for a vehicle of the wheeled type which is provided with means whereby it may be propelled by the occupant thereof. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclass 181 for a motor vehicle of the ski- or skate-type for imparting movement to a person standing thereon and wherein the power means or a portion thereof is affixed to or built into the ski or skate.

11.12	Runner type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 841.  Skates which are supported by runners.

11.14	With resiliently mounted foot supports:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.12.  Skates in which the foot plates are resiliently supported on the runner. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.15, for jointed runners and foot supports.

11.15	Jointed runner and foot supports:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.12.  Skates in which the skate is made up of two or more runner supported sections pivotally connected, or in which the foot supports are movably jointed to the runners. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.14, for resilient connections between the foot plates and runners.

11.16	Extensible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.12.  Skates in which the foot supports are extensible to fit different size shoes. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.26, for extensible wheeled skates.

11.17	Tubular foot posts:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.12.  Skates in which a runner is secured in a frame including hollow foot posts.

11.18	Runners:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.12.  Devices in which only the runner structure is claimed.

11.19	Wheeled skate:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 841.  Skates which are provided with wheels. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 16,  Miscellaneous Hardware (e.g., Bushing, Carpet Fastener, Caster, Door Closer, Panel Hanger, Attachable or Adjunct Handle, Hinge, Window Sash Balance, etc.),   subclasses 18+ for casters generally and subclasses 97+ for wheel mounts for panel hangers. 301,  Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,   subclass 5.301 for skate wheels.

11.201	With retrogression prevention:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Subject matter having means to prevent motion of the skate except in a forward direction.

11.202	Including skate ventilation:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Subject matter wherein a skate boot includes a device for air circulation to and from the skate boot.

11.203	Including lighting means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Subject matter having a device which illuminates the skate or area around the skate.

11.204	With brake:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Subject matter including a skate wheel motion reducing or retarding member (i.e., a brake member). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 188,  Brakes,   subclasses 2+ for vehicle brakes.

11.205	Continuously applied brake:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.204.  Subject matter wherein the brake member is in constant engagement with the wheels or the skating surface.

11.206	Brake includes roller engagable with skating surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.204.  Subject matter wherein the brake member includes a rotational element which when actuated by a rider contacts the skating surface.

11.207	Brake element rigidly attached to skate frame:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.204.  Subject matter wherein the brake member is firmly and non-movably secured to the skate.

11.208	Brake element engagable with skating surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.207.  Subject matter wherein the brake member contacts a surface upon which skate wheels are rolling.

11.209	Element attached to front end of skate:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.208.  Subject matter wherein the brake member is mounted at or near the bow of the skate.

11.211	Brake element movably mounted to skate frame:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.204.  Subject matter wherein the brake member moves relative to the skate upon braking.

11.212	Hand actuated brake controller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.211.  Subject matter including a hand operated means mounted on the skate to regulate the movement of the brake member.

11.213	Wireless brake controller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.212.  Subject matter wherein the movement of the brake member is regulated by an electromagnetic or sonic device.

11.214	Leg operated brake controller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.211.  Subject matter wherein the brake member is regulated by a pivotal movement of skater’s leg relative to the skater’s foot.

11.215	Brake element pivotally mounted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.211.  Subject matter wherein the brake member is hingedly secured to the skate for permitting the movement of the brake member during braking.

11.216	Brake element engagable with skating surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.215.  Subject matter wherein the brake member contacts a surface upon which the skate wheels are rolling.

11.217	Brake element engaging skating surface and wheel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.211.  Subject matter wherein the brake member contacts the skating surface and a skating wheel during braking.

11.221	In-line wheels (e.g., in-line skates):
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Subject matter wherein all the wheels supporting the skate are aligned so as to share a common rolling path.

11.222	Different size wheels:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter having one wheel larger or smaller than another wheel.

11.223	Axle mounting arrangement:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter includes specific structure for rotatably securing the wheels to skates.

11.224	Including pivotally mounted boot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter wherein an under surface of a boot is hingedly secured to the skate.

11.225	Including shock absorbing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter includes a device between the wheels and the skate frame for dampening uneven or abrupt forces on the skate.

11.226	Spherical wheels:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter wherein the wheels are generally spherically shaped.

11.227	Cylindrical wheels:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter wherein the wheels are generally cylindrical shaped. (1) Note. The axial length of the wheel is larger than the diameter of the wheel.

11.231	Three or four wheels:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter wherein the skate has three or four wheels.

11.232	A wheel raised above skating surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.231.  Subject matter wherein a wheel is positioned out of contact with a surface upon which the wheels are rolling.

11.233	Two wheels:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.221.  Subject matter wherein the skate has two wheels.

11.24	One-wheel:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Skates having a single supporting wheel.

11.25	Two-wheeled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Skates having two supporting wheels. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.233, for skates with two wheels arranged in tandem.

11.26	Extensible:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Skates in which the foot supports are extensible to fit different sized shoes. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.16, for extensible runner type skates.

11.27	Trucks and mountings:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.19.  Devices in which the wheeled trucks and/or the truck mounting are claimed, per se.

11.28	Resiliently yieldable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.27.  Devices in which the trucks are resiliently yieldable relative to their supports.

11.3	Shoe attaching means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 841.  Devices in which the means to attach or secure a skate to a rider"s shoe are claimed. The mere inclusion of the runner or wheels broadly will not keep the patent out of this subclass. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 36,  Boots, Shoes, and Leggings,   subclasses 62+ for detachable antislipping devices for shoes.

11.31	Toe and/or heel clamps:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.3.  Devices in which the securing means comprises clamps engaging the toe and/or heel of the shoe. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 36,  Boots, Shoes, and Leggings,   subclasses 64+ for clamping means for attaching antislipping devices to shoes.

11.32	Screw actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.31.  Devices in which the clamping means is actuated by a screw device.

11.33	Lever actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.31.  Devices in which the clamping means is actuated by a lever mechanism.

11.34	With screw adjustment:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.33.  Devices having a screw adjustment.

11.36	Ankle braces:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.3.  Devices in which means is provided to support or brace the ankle of a skater. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 602,  Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,   subclasses 27 and 65 for ankle braces, per se.

12.1	With occupant propelled means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles which have means adapting them to be propelled by the occupant, not merely pushed by the hands or feet of the occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14.27+, for the push type sled vehicle, which is pushed by a standing occupant.

12.11	Intermittent ground engaging:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Vehicles in which the propelling means pushes the vehicle by intermittent contact with the surface over which the vehicle travels. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 219, for wheeled vehicles similarly propelled. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclass 187 for a motor vehicle which includes one or more ski-like or runner members and wherein the vehicle is provided with at least one surface-engaging propulsion element and further wherein the element has a shuffling movement along the surface which supports it.

12.12	Foot actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.11.  Vehicles in which the propelling means is specially designed to be operated by the feet of the occupant.

12.13	Traction wheel drive:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.1.  Vehicles in which the propelling means is a traction wheel contacting the surface over which the vehicle moves. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 180,  Motor Vehicles,   subclass 196 for a motor vehicle which includes one or more ski-like or runner members and wherein the vehicle is provided with at least one surface-engaging propulsion element and further wherein the element comprises a traction wheel.

12.14	Foot actuated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.13.  Vehicles in which the propelling means is specially designed to be operated by the feet of the occupant.

13	Wheel runner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles in which the runners are applied to the wheels of wheeled vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 10, for vehicles having both wheels and runners.

14	Hub runner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles in which the runners are constructed to replace the wheels of a wheeled vehicle and fit over the wheel-axles, usually on the axle-spindles. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 26, for rocker runner type vehicles.

14.1	Skis converted to sled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles using standard snow skis, normally attached to individual feet of a standing occupant, as the slidable surface attached to some occupant or load supporting structure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 818, for skis interconnected for training.

14.21	Standing occupant:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Subject matter wherein a floor (i.e., platform) of the vehicle is adapted to support both feet of an occupant in standing position and intended primarily to coast down a snow slope or ice (i.e., supporting surface). (1) Note. These vehicles are analogous to skateboards or surfboards but may be used on snow or ice. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14.28, for a standing occupant sled with steering handles. 23.1, for runner vehicles intended to be pushed using some upwardly extending superstructure, by an attendant who does not ride on the sled.

14.22	With two bindings mounted on single platform:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.21.  Subject matter wherein the vehicle includes two foot securing and fastening devices mounted on a single gliding member. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11.3+, for means to attach a shoe to the skate.

14.23	Bindings interconnected for simultaneous release:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.22.  Subject matter wherein the feet securing and devices fastenings are connected by a linkage mechanism which allows both feet to be simultaneously detached from the feet securing and fastening devices.

14.24	Bindings pivot about vertical axis:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.22.  Subject matter includes a pivot connection of each binding to the platform which allows the bindings to move to selected positions about an passing perpendicular through the platform.

14.25	Platform supported by tandem runners:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.21.  Subject matter wherein surfaces of the platform in contact with the supporting surface are aligned so as to share a common gliding path.

14.26	Platform supported by side by side runners:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.21.  Subject matter wherein surfaces of the platform in contact with the supporting surface are laterally spaced.

14.27	With handle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.21.  Subject matter including an upwardly extending hand graspable member (i.e., a handle) which is fixedly secured to the skate. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 14.28, for a runner vehicle with steering handle.

14.28	Steerable handle:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 14.27.  Subject matter wherein the handle is manipulated to direct the vehicle. (1) Note. The device may simply be a lever for flexing the runner. (2) Note. This subclass includes scooter type vehicles with runners.

15	Multiple sled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicle in which the sliding surface comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced sliding running gear units.

16	Occupant steered:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.  Sleds arranged to be steered by the vehicle occupant. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 771+, for occupant steered wheeled vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 188,  Brakes,   subclass 8 for means for steering by altering the speed of one side of the vehicle as by a brake.

17	Swivel and rocking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.  Sleds in which one sliding unit is mounted to swivel on a vertical axis, and may also rock about a lateral axis relative to the other sliding unit. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 124.114+, for a wheeled vehicle having running gear including a rocking and swinging axle.

18	Toboggan:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles where the sliding surface is provided by a large flat bottom surface of the load support. (1) Note. In these sleds the sliding running gear is the bottom of the load support.

18.1	Bowl or saucer type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Vehicles wherein the entire vehicle serves as the sliding surface and is in the shape of a saucer or bowl.

19	Drag:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Sleds having contact with intended to be pulled the supporting surface along substantially their entire width. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 18, for toboggans.

19.1	Shelter sled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Runner vehicles provided with means to convert the vehicle to an occupant shelter for ice fishing or the like. (1) Note. The sliding surface, in the form of runners, may remain in place or the entire device may be reorganized. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 28.12, for situations in which the vehicle is used to shelter ice fishing equipment only, in which case it is considered to be a container. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 52,  Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),   for portable buildings. 135,  Tent, Canopy, Umbrella, or Cane,   for tent shelters.

20	Folding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Sleds which are foldable from their condition of use into a more compact form, as for storage or shipment. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 9+, for vehicles having wheels and runners, one or both being retractable. 639+, for folding wheeled vehicles.

21.1	Occupant steered:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles having a single running gear unit arranged to be steered by the occupant of the vehicle. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 16, for occupant steered sleds with multiple sliding running gear units. 771+, for occupant steered wheeled vehicles. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 188,  Brakes,   subclasses 8+ for means for steering by altering the speed of one side of the vehicle, as by a brake.

22	Flexible runner:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1.  Sleds in which the runners are hinged sections or of flexible construction, so that they can be bent out of straight lines to steer the vehicle.

22.1	Tiltable runner type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1.  Vehicles in which a steering effect results from the rotation of the runners about their longitudinal axes relative to the load or occupant support platform. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 21.1, for runners which tilt as a result of a compound rotation about an angular upright axis.

23.1	Push:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 845.  Vehicles designed to be propelled by being pushed by a rear attendant. (1) Note. The sled may include a front load or occupant seating platform and the rear attendant may ride on the rear of the sled as it coasts. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 47.13+, and 47.34+, for hand propelled wheeled vehicles. 87.021+, for wheeled push vehicles.