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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 250]   CLASS 250,RADIANT ENERGY
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This is the residual class for methods and apparatus involving radiant energy.

SCOPE OF THE CLASS

This class provides for all methods and apparatus for using, generating, controlling or detecting radiant energy, combinations including such methods or apparatus, subcombinations of same and accessories therefore not classifiable elsewhere.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

Many other classes provide for methods and apparatus involving radiant energy, per se, or in combination when such methods or apparatus are also the subject matter of the class in question.

In general, subject matter involving radiant energy is provided for in other classes on the basis of either a specific use of the radiant energy or a specific type of radiant energy. Classes explicitly providing for subject matter involving radiant energy are listed below and arranged according to the above described basis of classification followed by some miscellaneous classes.

CLASSES PROVIDING FOR SPECIFIC USES OF RADIANT ENERGY

See References to Other Classes for the following art areas:

Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting

Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating

Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control

Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing

Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication

CLASSES PROVIDING FOR SPECIFIC TYPES OF RADIANT ENERGY

Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy

Visible Light Type

Other Wave Type

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers,   subclasses 103 and 444 for wave energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
15, Brushing, Scrubbing and General Cleaning,   subclass 1.51 for electrostatic cleaning (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,   subclass 0.21 , for photoresponsive control of stopping (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
33, Geometrical Instruments,   subclasses 227+ for light-ray type; subclasses 272+ for magnetic compasses; subclass 360, magnetic field responsive indicator of the direction of force traversing a natural media, using a CRT or photoelectric cell; and subclass 363, electrical telemetering with a photoelectric pickoff (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
33, Geometrical Instruments,   subclass 363 for electrical telemetering with a photoelectric pickoff (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
34, Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids,   subclasses 245+ for processes and apparatus for drying or gas or vapor contact with solids in which the material or object treated is subjected to electromagnetic or electrostatic energy, including radiant electromagnetic energy; subclasses 266+ for treating feathers with radiant energy; and subclasses 524+ with automatic control (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
40, Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,   subclasses 542+ for luminous signs; subclasses 465+ for display with special effects having photoelectric switching control of electric circuit.
43, Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclass 17.1 for electric current type and subclass 17.5 for luminous type; subclass 59 for condition responsive burglar traps.
49, Movable or Removable Closures,   subclass 25 for radiant energy control, and subclasses 197+ for photocell control of an up-and-over, e.g., garage door, opener (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
60, Power Plants,   subclass 202 for ion motors.
62, Refrigeration,   subclass 3.1 for electrical or magnetic effect type; subclasses 139 and 140, automatic control by accumulation of ice or frost.
73, Measuring and Testing,   subclass 23 for the analysis of gases; particularly; subclass 23.1 for the combination of a gas chromatography test and a radiation (invisible and visible) test, of the effluent from the test, subclasses 53.01+ for the examination of liquids or a liquid suspension of solids; particularly, subclass 61.4 for the visible light examination of the settling rate of a liquid suspension of solids, subclasses 73+ for moisture content or absorption characteristics generally, subclass 104 for surface or cutlery edge testing generally, and subclasses 151+ for bore hole and drilling study tests generally, subclasses 861+ for volume or rate of flow meters generally, and subclasses 290+ for liquid level or depth gauges including those using visible light (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
84, Music,   subclass 639 and 724 for photocell controlled tone generators.
89, Ordnance,   subclass 41.06 for operation of mount training mechanism motors by light reception (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
95, Gas Separation: Processes,   subclasses 27 and 28 for processes of gas separation using magnetism and subclasses 57+ for processes of gas separation using an electric or electrostatic field (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
96, Gas Separation: Apparatus,   subclasses 1+ for magnetic separating means for gas separation and subclasses 15+ for electric or electrostatic field separation apparatus for gas separation (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
99, Foods and Beverages: Apparatus,   subclass 342 , with signal, indicator or tester; subclasses 358 and 451 for apparatus for subjecting foods and beverages to wave, radiant and electrical energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
101, Printing,   subclass 470 for copying for plate making using radiant energy.
112, Sewing,   subclasses 80.23+ for embroidery with optical pattern program means (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
118, Coating Apparatus,   subclass 691 for photoelectric sensors responsive to condition of coating material (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
118, Coating Apparatus,   subclasses 620+ for coating apparatus combined with means to apply radiant energy to the work (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
131, Tobacco,   subclasses 294 and 299 for radiant energy; and subclass 333 for smoke separating or treating (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,   subclass 1 .
134, Cleaning and Liquid Contact With Solids,   subclass 1 for processes of cleaning or contacting of solids with liquids which includes the application of radiant energy, including radiant electric energy, to the work; and subclass 113, with alarm, signal, indicating, testing, inspecting, illuminating or display means (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
137, Fluid Handing,   subclass 78.1 , for condition responsive photocells; and subclass 93, for maintaining or sensing mixture condition by optical or chemical property in self-proportioning or correlating systems (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
141, Fluent Material Handling, With Receiver or Receiver Coacting Means,   subclasses 192+ , for automatic control of flow cutoff or diversion (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,   subclass 67 for methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor utilizing phosphorescent or fluorescent materials; subclass 244.17, surface bonding with lamina formation or coating by electric, magnetic or wave energy; subclasses 350+, automatic and/or material-triggered control, especially subclass 378, including testing, measuring or indicating means; and subclass 379.6 for apparatus with means applying wave energy to work (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
160, Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,   subclass 5 , for weather and/or light initiated automatic control (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
162, Paper Making and Fiber Liberation,   subclasses 49 and 192 for processes using radiant energy; and subclass 263, measuring, testing, inspecting, indicating or illumination (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
164, Metal Founding,   subclasses 147.1+ for electromagnetic means to apply force to work and subclasses 250.1+ for means to apply electrical or wave energy to work (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
166, Wells,   subclass 336 , with measuring, testing, inspection or condition determination; and subclass 247 for processes using nuclear energy or radioactivity for treating (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
166, Wells,   subclasses 250+ , for means to indicate, measure, test, or locate wells (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclass 41 for such subject matter combined with ray energy detection or measuring (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
178, Telegraphy,   subclass 70 , photocell repeaters (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
192, Clutches and Power-Stop Control,   subclass 129 , for an electrical stop mechanism with photocell control; and subclass 142, radio tuner type limit stops (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   subclasses 155+ for the production of a compound or element by chemical reaction brought about by electrical or wave energy in a magnetic field, subclasses 157.15+ for processes of treating materials involving a chemical reaction brought about by wave energy, subclasses 164+ for production of an element or compound by chemical reaction in an electrostatic field or involving an electrical discharge, subclasses 450+ for electrophoresis or electro-osmosis, subclasses 554+ for electrical or simultaneous electrical and magnetic separation or purification of a liquid or magnetic treatment of a liquid (other than separation), subclasses 194+ for electrolytic apparatus, subclasses 600+ for electrophoretic or electro-osmotic apparatus, and subclasses 660+ for apparatus for electrical or simultaneous electrical and magnetic separation or purification of a liquid or magnetic treatment of a liquid (other than separation (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy,   subclasses 155+ , 157.15+ and 164+ for processes for preparing elements or compounds through chemical reactions brought about by the agency of wave energy, see this class (250) subclasses 492.1+ for corresponding apparatus (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,   for electrolysis, in general (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
208, Mineral Oils: Processes and Products,   subclass 12 for coloring treatments including fluorescence (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
209, Classifying, Separating, and Assorting Solids,   appropriate subclasses, especially 212 and 213+ for magnetic types and subclasses 511 , 524, 536, and 576 for radiant energy type automatic assorting, subclasses 127.1+ for electrostatic type (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
210, Liquid Purification or Separation,   for methods and apparatus for the separation of a liquid from a liquid on a solid generally, particularly subclass 222 for the magnetic separation of particles from a liquid; and subclass 745, process control by optical sensing of condition (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Separating and Assorting).
219, Electric Heating,   subclasses 6.5+ for induction; electrostatic or electromagnetic heating, subclasses 121.11 for electric arc metal heating; and subclasses 383+ for other electric arc type heating devices.
235, Registers,   subclasses 454 through 473for coded record sensors involving optical testing; and subclasses 400+, ordnance or weapons system computer (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,   subclass .5 for processes of shaping or treating radioactive material, subclasses 405+ for direct application of electrical or wave energy to work; and subclasses 408+, for processes of measuring, testing, or inspecting with sensing by utilizing light or passage of electric field current through material (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
219, Electric Heating,   subclasses 121.6+ , using laser with beam position control. (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
219, Electric Heating,   various subclasses for infrared generators (see Classes Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
235, Registers,   subclasses 400+ , for ordnance or weapons systems computer, e.g., subclass 411, with target tracking means (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 324+ , especially subclass 331.4 for a photoelectric control for regulating winding or unwinding of magnetic tape or photographic film; subclasses 410+ for a photoelectric control for regulating tension in a running length of material; subclasses 534+ for a photoelectric control in a winding machine, and subclasses 563+ for a photoelectric control in an unwinding machine (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
244, Aeronautics and Astronautics,   subclasses 3.1+ , for missile stabilization or trajectory control utilizing radiant energy, especially subclasses 3.16+ (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
246, Railway Switches and Signals,   subclasses 29+ for automatic block-signal systems utilizing radiant energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
252, Compositions,   subclass 478 for X-ray neutron shield compositions; subclasses 625+ for radioactive compositions; and subclasses 301.16, 301.36, and 301.4, respectively, for luminescent compositions.
257, Active Solid-State Devices (e.g., Transistors, Solid-State Diodes),   subclasses 10 , 11, 21, 53-56, 113-118, 184-189, 225-234, 257, 258, 290-294, and 414-466 for invisible radiation-sensitive active semiconductor devices. Class 257 limits itself to active solid state electronic device structures whereas Class 250, subclasses 370.01+ through 371 are limited to active semiconductor radiant energy detection systems. Some potential conflicts occur when an optical element is claimed. Where an optical element is recited as being integral with a semiconductive photodetector element, encapsulant housing or package, it will be classified in Class 257. Separate elements not part of the radiant energy detecting element or package and claimed therewith will be classified in Class 250, subclasses 370.01+ (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
307, Electrical Transmission or Interconnection Systems,   subclass 117 for radiant energy responsive switching systems (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
310, Electrical Generator or Motor Structure,   subclass 301 for nuclear reaction types; and subclass 306 for thermal or pyromagnetic types.
318, Electricity: Motive Power Systems,   subclasses 116+ for systems involving nonmagnetic motors.
322, Electricity: Single Generator Systems,   subclass 2 for generating systems of the nonmagnetic type; subclass 26, automatic control with light or photoresponsive control circuits.
330, Amplifiers,   especially subclasses 4+ for maser type amplifiers; subclass 42 for secondary electron emissive types; subclasses 44+ for electron beam types; subclasses 47+ for magnetically influenced discharge device types; and subclass 59, having light controlled or activated device.
331, Oscillators,   especially subclasses 94+ for molecular or particle resonant types; and subclass 66, light responsive ambient condition sensor.
332, Modulators,   subclasses 131+ , 153+, 165+, 169+, 179+, employing electron discharge tube, especially subclass 132 for magnetron types, subclass 133 for klystron types.
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,   subclasses 175+ for resonant, discrete frequency selective type wave filters; and subclasses 219+ for resonators of the distributed parameter type.
313, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices,   appropriate subclasses, for electric space discharge devices, per se, including X-ray tubes, cathode-ray tubes, electric discharge lamps, liquid electrode discharge devices, gas or vapor filled discharge devices and vacuum tubes, and for the electrodes, filaments fluorescent targets and shields for electric space discharge devices; subclasses 523+ , photosensitive discharge tubes; and subclasses 365+, image pickup cathode ray tubes (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
314, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Consumable Electrodes,   subclass 22 for consumable electrode discharge devices which have means to feed a fluent, material, (e.g., solid particles) to the discharge space (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
315, Electric Lamp and Discharge Devices: Systems,   especially subclass 111.01 for systems wherein a fluent material is supplied to the discharge area between the discharge electrodes of the discharge device; subclass 134, readout energy responsive control of signal, indicator or alarm; and subclasses 149+, with radiant energy sensitive control means (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
324, Electricity: Measuring and Testing,   for measuring or testing of electrical properties by the use of radiant energy; for measuring or testing of nonelectric properties (e.g., magnetic fields, subclasses 244+ ) by electrical means; and subclass 344, measuring and testing a geophysical surface or subsurface in situ with a radiant energy receiver (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits, and Systems,   subclasses 509+ for miscellaneous circuits responsive to external effects such as radiant energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
327, Miscellaneous Active Electrical Nonlinear Devices, Circuits,   and Systems (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
329, Demodulators,   subclass 144 , with light or heat beam deflection or modulation as a significant part of the detecting operation (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
332, Modulators,   subclass 3 , a modulator combined with a photoelectric intelligence signal source (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
333, Wave Transmission Lines and Networks,   see Classes Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy.
335, Electricity: Magnetically Operated Switches, Magnets, and Electromagnets,   especially subclasses 210+ , for electron or ion beam deflecting magnets, per se (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
338, Electrical Resistors,   subclasses 13+ for such devices responsive to radiant energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
338, Electrical Resistors,   subclass 15 , light sensitive resistance (see Classes Providing for Electron Space Discharge Type of Radiant Energy).
340, Communications: Electrical,   subclass 825.69 and 825.72 for radio control of an art device (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
340, Communications: Electrical,   especially subclass 825.97 for electron beam selective types, subclasses 870.01+ for telemetering, especially subclass 870.29, with photoelectric pickup; subclass 942, photoelectric vehicle detectors; subclasses 555+, specific condition responsive indicating systems, especially subclasses 578, detecting flame by radiant energy, subclass 583, detecting ice formation by radiant energy [and] subclass 600, [for alarms] responsive to radiant energy, subclass 619, liquid level detection by radiant energy, and subclass 630, photoelectric smoke and other particle detectors (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
341, Coded Data Generation or Conversion,   subclasses 1+ , digital pattern reading converter, especially subclasses 13, optical, and 14, optical waveguide, and subclass 31, photoelectric actuated keyboard code generator (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
342, Communications: Directive Radio Wave Systems and Devices (e.g., Radar, Radio Navigation),   subclasses 52+ , combined with diverse type radiant energy systems, laser, TV, etc. (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
345, Computer Graphics Processing and Selective Visual Display Systems,   subclasses 180+ for light pen input to selective visual display communication systems (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
346, Recorders,   subclasses 107.1+ for light or beam recording of phenomenon information. See, also, subclass 33, combined with external optical system recorder operating means.
347, Incremental Printing of Symbolic Information,   subclasses 129+ for electrostatic marking by photoscanning, subclasses 224+ for light or beam marking.
348, Television,   subclasses 207.99 through 207.2for television camera using a photocell, including subclasses 294-324 for solid-state image sensor and subclass 332 for array of photocells (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
351, Optics: Eye Examining, Vision Testing and Correcting,   subclass 210 , using a photodetector to detect eye movement in an eye examining or test instrument (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
352, Optics: Motion Pictures,   subclass 140 , for focus control; and subclass 141, automatic diaphragm control (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
352, Optics: Motion Pictures,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
353, Optics: Image Projectors,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
355, Photocopying,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
355, Photocopying,   subclass 68 , for illumination systems including photocells; subclasses 55+, for photodetector use with focus or magnification control; subclass 41, for identifying, composing or selecting using photocell; and subclass 38, for color film exposure or light intensity control (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
356, Optics: Measuring and Testing,   for photocell methods and apparatus, subclass 71 for docu pattern analysis or verification; subclasses 364 for examination of materials using polarized light; subclasses 625 for measurement of material dimensions; subclasses 399 for determining lateral alignment; subclasses 402 for shade or color tests; subclasses 429 for monitoring of webs or threads; and subclasses 237.1 for the inspection for flaws or imper (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
358, Facsimile and Static Presentation Processing,   subclasses 400 through 304for facsimile (phototelegraphy) (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
359, Optical: Systems and Elements,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy, subclasses 507 -514 for moisture or foreign particle control of optical elements or systems using photoelectric sensors (see Uses of Radiant Energy as a Medium of Control).
360, Dynamic Magnetic Information Storage or Retrieval,   subclass 31 , monitoring or testing the progress of recording, and subclass 74.6, photoelectric stopping or reversing control of a recorder (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 225+ for particle charging, and subclasses 230+ for ionizing (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
361, Electricity: Electrical Systems and Devices,   subclasses 173+ for photosensitive devices included in electromagnetic or relay control circuit (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
365, Static Information Storage and Retrieval,   subclasses 106+ , radiant energy; subclasses 215+, optical read/write circuits; and subclasses 234+, optical address (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
367, Communication, Electrical: Acoustic Wave System and Devices,   subclass 64 , optical processing of land reflection type seismic prospecting (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
369, Dynamic Information Storage or Retrieval,   subclasses 44+ , for optical transducers used in dynamic information storage and retrieval; and subclasses 100+, for radiation beam modification of, or by, storage medium (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
368, Horology: Time Measuring Systems or Devices,   subclass 11 , for combinations with ambient condition detector (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
370, Multiplex Communications,   subclasses 1+ , optical multiplex communications (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
372, Coherent Light Generators,   subclasses 9+ , for particular beam control devices (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
374, Thermal Measuring and Testing,   subclass 32 for measuring the total thermal energy or power emitted from a radiating source; subclasses 121+ for determining temperature by measuring thermally emitted radiation; and subclass 162 for measuring temperature by a color change indicator (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
375, Pulse or Digital Communications,   see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication.
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements,   subclass 248 , testing, sensing, measuring, or detecting a fission reactor condition using optics (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
376, Induced Nuclear Reactions: Processes, Systems, and Elements,   appropriate subclasses for processes and apparatus for carrying out nuclear reactions particularly of the sustained or controlled type.
377, Electrical Pulse Counters, Pulse Dividers, or Shift Registers: Circuits and Systems,   subclass 53 , systems with photoelectric detector; and subclass 6, counting of inanimate entities (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,   see Classes Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy.
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,   appropriate subclasses for testing and analyzing using X-ray or gamma rays; and subclasses 20 , 68+, 177+, 195+, and 205+ for X-ray devices with object alignment or positioning means (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
378, X-Ray or Gamma Ray Systems or Devices,   subclasses 64+ for X-ray or gamma ray irradiation devices (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
382, Image Analysis,   all subclasses (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing and Uses of Radiant Energy as a Medium of Communication).
396, Photography,   subclasses 549+ for phototype composing, subclasses 89+ for automatic camera focussing with photoelectric control; subclasses 213+ for automatic exposure control; and subclass 570 for photocell controlled fluid-treating means (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
398, Optical Communications,   for light wave communication (using radiant energy as a medium of communication), particularly subclasses 106 through 114for light wave remote control.
399, Electrophotography,   subclasses 38+ for control of electrophotography processes (e.g., charging, exposure, developing, transfer, fixing, and cleaning (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
399, Electrophotography,   subclasses 9+ for diagnostics of electrophotographic device and functions (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
362, Illumination,   subclass 84 for a light source and luminescent material; subclasses 260 and 266 for luminescent light sources with light modifiers; and subclass 4, light responsive photographic lighting.
373, Industrial Electric Heating Furnaces,   appropriate subclasses for arc and induction furnaces.
396, Photography,   for apparatus for photochemically recording visible light.
399, Electrophotography,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing,   subclass 128, for a tracer adapted to trigger a photocell (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
422, Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclasses 1+ for processes of disinfecting, deodorizing, preserving, or sterilizing nonfoods by subjecting the same to electric or electromagnetic energy; subclasses 50+, analyzer, indicator or manipulative laboratory device; subclass 162, automatic analytical monitor and control of industrial products; subclass 85, with color change; subclass 91, gas analysis with adsorption with photometric detector; and subclass 106, control element responsive to sensed liquid level (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
424, Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   subclasses 1.11+ for methods of using a radionuclide containing compound or compositions, and for compositions comprising a radionuclide; and subclass subclasses 9.1+, for in vivo diagnosis and testing compositions and subclasses 10.1+, for Class 424 compositions with an identification or warning feature (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
426, Food or Edible Material: Processes, Compositions, and Product,   subclasses 234 , 236 and 237+ for processes involving the use of electrical, wave or radiant energy in food treatments (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
427, Coating Processes,   subclass 10 , optical measuring, testing and indicating; subclass 157, coating processes using a fluorescent or phosphorescent coating, and subclasses 457+ for processes of coating using electrical, magnetic, wave, or particulate energy (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
427, Coating Processes,   subclasses 457+ for utilizing electrical or radiant energy and subclass 157 for phosphorescent coating.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   for pertinent subclass(es) as determined by schedule review.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   see Classes Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   for processes of forming an image using all forms of radiation.
430, Radiation Imagery Chemistry: Process, Composition, or Product Thereof,   see Classes Providing for Visible Light Type of Radiant Energy.
434, Education and Demonstration,   subclasses 112+ for communication aids for the handicapped (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication).
434, Education and Demonstration,   subclasses 1+ , electromagnetic energy sensor to detect or determine range of an object; subclasses 112+, communication aids for the handicapped; subclass 187, measurement of length or volume; subclass 240, radio navigation with light sensor in simulator; subclass 303, science, physics, optics; subclass 325, image projector, and light detector used in question or problem eliciting a response; subclass 337, correctness of response by means including light detector; subclasses 355 and 358, grading response involving light sensor (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
435, Chemistry: Molecular Biology and Microbiology,   subclass 35 for test methods involving an enzyme (including reaction with a living cell, such as a bacterium) and a radioactive material; subclass 288.7, optical sensing apparatus (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
436, Chemistry: Analytical and Immunological Testing,   subclasses 164+ , for optical results of optical tests involving a reaction (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
438, Semiconductor Device Manufacturing: Process,   particularly subclasses 473+ for gettering of a semiconductor substrate via irradiation, subclasses 514+ for ion implantation of electrically active dopants into semiconductive regions, and subclasses 795+ for thermal treatment of a semiconductor substrate via irradiation to modify some property thereof.
446, Amusement Devices: Toys,   subclass 175 , for such devices having light or sound responsive switch or control (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
455, Telecommunications,   subclass 603 for light wave remote control (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
455, Telecommunications,   see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Communication.
463, Amusement Devices: Games,   subclasses 51+ for a game in which an electromagnetic ray (e.g., a light ray, etc.) is used to simulate a projectile fired from a gun, torpedo launcher, etc. (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
493, Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web,   subclasses 3+ , for condition responsive control means, especially, subclass 10, which uses a photocell condition sensor (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
505, Superconductor Technology: Apparatus, Material, Process,   subclasses 150+ for high temperature (Tc greater than 30 K) superconducting devices, subclasses 300+ for processes of producing high temperature superconductor or superconductive devices, particularly subclasses 320, 325, and 480+ for use of radiant energy or particle bombardment; and cross-reference art collections 842+ for superconductor measuring and testing, or 848+ for radiant energy application on superconducting material (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
520, Synthetic Resins or Natural Rubbers,   appropriate subclasses, particularly Class 523, subclass 136 for a composition containing a synthetic resin or natural rubber which is resistant to, yet does not absorb, radioactive materials or cathode rays or to processes of preparing said composition (see Classes Providing for Other Wave Type of Radiant Energy).
600, Surgery,   subclasses 300+ for diagnostic testing (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
600, Surgery,   subclasses 1+ for radioactive and substances (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
602, Surgery: Splint, Brace, or Bandage,   subclass 2 for bandaging and orthopedics with light applications (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
604, Surgery,   subclasses 20+ , for infrared, visible, light, ultraviolet, X-ray or electrical energy applied to a body (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
607, Surgery: Light, Thermal, and Electrical Application,   subclasses 1+ for light, thermal, thermal and electrical applications (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Treating).
702, Data Processing: Measuring, Calibrating, or Testing,   appropriate subclasses.
708, Electrical Computers: Arithmetic Processing and Calculating,   subclass 816 for optical correlation or convolution.
901, Robots,   subclass 47 , for optical sensing devices (see Uses of Radiant Energy As a Medium of Control).
902, Electronic Funds Transfer,   subclasses 41+ , with means to read data stored on identifier (see Uses of Radiant Energy for Testing).
976, Nuclear Technology,   an alternative search, search based on a modification of the European Patent Office Classification.

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

CIRCUIT

A closed or closable conducting path through which, or along which, electric current can travel.

DETECTOR

A material or device whose response to radiant energy is used to indicate the presence or amount of incident radiation. Also, called "Signalling Means".

FLUENT MATERIAL

A liquid, gas or mass of granular solid material that does not of itself maintain its own spatial form but flows. Whether or not a granular material should be considered fluent or not is determined in each case by how it is handled. Generally if the handling means has walls to hold up the material, the material is fluent. Thus, for example, coal is necessarily fluent in a pail or bin but not necessarily fluent in a pile.

ION

An atom or molecule with at least one more or less electrons than protons. Electrons, per se, are not considered ions.

IONIZATION

The process of adding to or removing from an electrically neutral atom or molecule one or more of its electrons. Note: Ionization, as sometimes used to denote the process of increasing the energy level of an atom or molecule to some state short of the above, is not encompassed by this definition. Such processes in this class are considered partial or incomplete ionization.

INSPECTION

A term implying a source of radiant energy, and/or means to irradiate an object by said source and a detector responsive to radiation from the object to provide a signal representing some characteristic of the object.

OBJECT

A material subjected to radiation for treatment or whose response to or effect on the radiation is used to indicate something about the material.

PHOTOCELL

A detector used to sense light incident thereon and generate a signal representative of some aspect of the light such as intensity, phase, coherence, mode distribution, interference pattern characteristics, etc.

PHOTODETECTOR

See Photocell

PHOTOELECTRIC CELL

See Photocell

PHOTOSENSOR

See Photocell

RADIANT ENERGY

Energy propagated in the form of electromagnetic waves, or traveling subatomic, atomic or molecular particles.

RADIOACTIVE ACTIVE

Exhibiting spontaneous nuclear disintegration with emission of particulate or electromagnetic radiations.

SIGNALING MEANS, ELECTRIC AND NONELECTRIC

Detectors that produce in response to incident radiant energy either an increase or decrease in electric potential or current flow (Electric) or some other perceivable change (Nonelectric). The nonelectric change may be immediately perceived or may require development to be perceived, e.g., photographic changes.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 250 subclass 200]    200PHOTOCELLS; CIRCUITS AND APPARATUS
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Subject matter which includes a photocell.
(1) Note. DEFINITION OF TERMS: A photocell is defined for the purpose of classification in these subclasses as an electrical device which responds to light by varying its electrical characteristics or by generating an electric current. This definition therefore includes resistances, electric space discharge devices, batteries, inductances, condensers, bolometers and other electrical devices which have their electrical characteristics varied by radiant energy. For the purpose of classification in these subclasses "light" and "radiant energy" are used synonymously.
(2) Note. CIRCUITS AND APPARATUS INCLUDED: These are the generic subclasses for the following: a. Electrical circuits whose operations are controlled by means of a photocell. b. Electrical systems for supplying electric current and/or potential to a photocell. c. Photocells in combination with the optical means for controlling the radiant energy which illuminates the photocell. d. Photocells in combination with the source of illumination for the photocell. e. Apparatus which is limited to use with photocells and which is not otherwise classified. Examples of such apparatus are the photocell temperature control means in subclass 238 and the housings in subclass 239.
(3) Note. SIGNAL