Class Definition for Class 182 - FIRE ESCAPE, LADDER, OR SCAFFOLD

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CLASS 182,	FIRE ESCAPE, LADDER, OR SCAFFOLD
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes (1) structures supported in spaced relation to the earth"s surface for supporting a workman adjacent a structure being worked on, (2) means for climbing comprising a stile having steps or rungs, (3) means ancillary to normal egress means to traverse a vertical distance to facilitate quick escape from a structure in case of emergency not elsewhere provided for and (4) torso harness, for rescue or escape operations, with or without a tether anchored to the work or to a worker"s support.

SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

14,	Bridges, subclasses 69.5 through 72.5for a gangway for supporting a person or material between ordinarily disassociated bases.
52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), appropriate subclass for a tower, mast or other structurally similar building structure including a building construction forming or combined with a stair or ladder, a helical stair or a stair with a riser. This class (182) takes a tower with a platform which supports a person.
104,	Railways, appropriate subclasses for a track mounted vehicle of general utility.
105,	Railway Rolling Stock, subclasses 437+ for vehicle steps with a gate, and subclasses 443+ for permanent vehicle steps requiring installation at the time the railway car is manufactured or requiring modification of the car, and for an auxiliary step in combination with and requiring specific coaction with said permanent steps or the side supports therefor, e.g., an extension or auxiliary step for a staircase on a railway car operated therefrom. Class 182 takes auxiliary steps external and independent of a railway car, and an auxiliary step simply supported by merely "a step".
108,	Horizontally Supported Planar Surfaces, subclasses 144+ for a vertically adjustable horizontally supported planar surface, and subclasses 115+ for folding horizontally supported planar surface, especially subclasses 116+ for such surfaces which are vertically adjustable.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 712+ and 856+ for body harness useful for both lower animals and human beings. See the search notes thereunder.
137,	Fluid Handling, subclass 342 for a workman"s support ancillary to a fluid handling system.
169,	Fire Extinguishers, subclass 24 for a pumping apparatus on a fire truck and subclass 25 for a portable discharge pipe with means for elevating and controlling a fire-hose nozzle. This class (182) takes similar structure wherein the truck supports a ladder in operative position or wherein the nozzle support is a ladder structure.
187,	Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for Vehicle, appropriate subclasses for personnel lift structure of general application. This class (182) takes the combination of a scaffold or ladder and such an elevator.
188,	Brakes, subclass 65.1 for strand brakes of general utility.
198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclasses for a conveyor having general utility.
212,	Traversing Hoists, subclasses 71+ and 312+ for traveling cranes of general application; and subclasses 223+ for a hoist having a horizontally swingable boom.
244,	Aeronautics and Astronautics, subclass 147 for aircraft structure relating to passenger and cargo loading and discharge, and subclasses 138+ for a safety lowering device, especially subclasses 142+ for a parachute.
248,	Supports, subclasses 210+ for a bracket peculiar to a ladder, subclasses 235+ for a scaffold type bracket, subclasses 317+ for a suspended support of general utility and subclasses 351+ for a wall-board prop.
254,	Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force, subclasses 151+ for a cable drum of fire-escape type and subclasses 167+ for suspended cable drums of general utility.
280,	Land Vehicles, subclass 4 for a vehicle with a ladder rack, subclasses 32.5+ for a vehicle having a workman"s support adjacent the ground, and subclasses 163+ for steps requiring vehicle modification. This class (182) takes mere wheels on a ladder and takes a ladder mounted on a vehicle wherein the mounting supports the ladder in its operative position.
403,	Joints and Connections, appropriate subclasses for joints of general utility and particularly subclass 49 for laterally related members connected by latch means.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclasses 10+ for a lifting device for use in fastening sheet material to an overhead member or surface; e.g., to a ceiling where there is manipulation of the sheet; subclass 560 for a traversing hoist with diverse material handling means; subclasses 685+ for a vertically and horizontally swinging load support of general application, and subclass 507 for a self-loading or unloading vehicle having a load handling means in the nature of a conveyor and provided with means for supporting a person in working relationship to the conveyor.
446,	Amusement Devices: Toys, subclasses 49+ for a toy parachute.

SUBCLASSES

1	MEANS MAINTAINING STEP LEVER ON HORIZONTALLY PIVOTED LADDER:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising steps pivoted with respect to horizontally pivoted ladder stile structure, the device being provided with means maintaining the step level during pivotal movement of the stile structure.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 2.1]

2.1

MEANS MAINTAINING PLATFORM LEVEL ON ANGULARLY MOVABLE SUPPORT:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising a work station (e.g., bucket, cage, seat, etc.) intended to pivot about an axis generally parallel with the ground or support thereunder, with means to hold the work station in a level position regardless of the angle of inclination of the movable support relative to the ground.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 111+ for a mechanism operated or relatively movable shaft assembly; e.g., a tilting skeleton tower, per se.

2.11	Telescopic support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device comprising a linearly extensible and retractable boom which is relatively movable to increase or decrease its end-to-end length to raise or lower the work platform.

2.2	Adjustable to plural operating positions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1. Device wherein the orientation of the platform is changeable from one orientation to another.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 2.3]

2.3

Swingable support:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1. Device comprising a boom section pivotally connected at its lower end to a supporting base for pivotal movement in a vertical plane.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

212,	Traversing Hoists, subclasses 255+ for a traversing derrick having a vertically swinging hoist frame.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclasses 706+ for vertically swinging load supports of the tilting shovel or fork type having means to maintain the shovel or fork level during the swinging.

2.4	Of dielectric material:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device comprising a structural component which is constructed of electrically nonconducting material (e.g., glass fiber, plastic, resin, etc.) to prevent short circuiting from the electrical wire to the ground.

2.5	Ladder associated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device wherein the boom section is provided with two long, structural members crossed by parallel rungs, used to climb or descend.

2.6	Providing access to underside of elevated surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device comprising a supporting base located on top of an elevated structure (e.g., bridge, elevated roadway, etc.) with a first boom section extending downwardly and over the side of the elevated structure, and a second boom section attached to the end of the first swinging into a position so it extends back under the elevated structure whereby an individual located on the platform may obtain easy access to the structure"s under surface.

2.7	Parallelogram linkage:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device wherein the swingable support comprises a parallel motion linkage which has a pair of substantially parallel lifting arms.

2.8	Foldable hinged support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.3. Device wherein the swingable support comprises at least two boom sections which are pivotally interconnected and folded one on the other in their inoperative positions.

2.9	Hydraulically operated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.8. Device comprising a telescopic cylinder and piston rod form of hydraulic lift to pivot the boom section.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 3]

TORSO HARNESS:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device with means closely encircling a person"s torso like a harness.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

189,	for a mere seat or foot loop on a strand type escape.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

54,	Harness for Working Animal, subclass 134 for body restraints.
119,	Animal Husbandry, subclasses 712+ for a harness for controlling or handling an animal, and subclasses 856+ for a body- or appendage-encircling collar or band.
128,	Surgery, subclass 134 for a body restraint.
297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 464+ and especially subclasses 468+ for flexible bands engaging the body of a seated person.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 4]

Window washer type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Device having anchoring means associated with a window.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

24,	Buckles, Buttons, Clasps, etc., particularly subclasses 455+ and 572+ for a clasp.
52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclass 37 for a safety belt hook attached at or near a window frame.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 5]

Strand-engaging, with descent retarder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Device with means to control descent, along a strand, of a person supported by the encircling means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

72,	for a supple escape having other means to support a person thereon with occupant of said means controlling a descent retarder.

6	Leg or loop type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Device including loop means for encircling a leg or foot of the person.

7	With seat:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 5. Device including means providing a seat for the supported person.

8	Ladder-associated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Device wherein there is provided means connecting the torso encircling means with a ladder.

9	With pole encircling or grasping means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Device wherein there is provided means for encircling or grasping a pole, tree or the like.

10	INCLINED CABLE SUPPORTING CARRIER TRAVELING THEREALONG:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising a personnel carrier, e.g., a seat, cage, platform, supported on an inclined cable for movement there along.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 11]

Occupant-controlled:

This subclass is indented under subclass 10. Device wherein the travel of the carrier along the cable is controlled by the occupant.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5+,	for torso harness with a descent retarder.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 12]

HORIZONTAL TRAVERSING - ACTUATION, CONTROL, OR RESPONSE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device for traversing the horizontal and with means actuating, controlling or responding to the horizontal traversing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

280,	Land Vehicles, subclass 32.5 for a vehicle carrying platform for a person engaged in work adjacent the ground.
414,	Material or Article Handling, subclass 508 for a self-loading or unloading vehicle having a load handling means in the nature of a conveyor and provided with means for supporting a person in working relationship to the conveyor.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 13]

Occupant actuation or control:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Device with occupant operated actuation or control means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

280,	Land Vehicles, subclass 1.11 for velocipede occupant propelled vehicles, and subclass 200 for other occupant propelled wheeled land vehicles.

14	Occupant-controlled ascent or descent:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Device further provided with occupant raising or lowering means, controlled by the occupant.

15	Holding means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 13. Device wherein the control means is a holding means, e.g., brake means.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 16]

With handle or steering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Device with propelling handle means, or with steering means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

13+,	for occupant controlled steering devices.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 17]

Holding means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Device with means to prevent traversing.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,	for holding means with occupant actuated or controlled means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

188,	Brakes, appropriate subclasses for brake means of general utility.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 18]

WITH INDICATOR, SIGNAL OR ALARM:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device combined with means to alert a person to a condition or to indicate a position or condition.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

116,	Signals and Indicators, appropriate subclasses for a signal, alarm or indicator of more general utility. See the search notes in the class definition of Class 116.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 541+ for electrical automatic intrusion responsive signal systems; subclasses 686.1+ for electrical automatic position responsive signal systems; and subclass 666 for electrical automatic weight responsive signal systems.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 19]

AUTOMATIC CONTROL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including control means responsive to means sensing a condition.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

12+,	for a device of this class with control means responsive to horizontal traversing.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

187,	Elevator, Industrial Lift Truck, or Stationary Lift for Vehicle, subclasses 276+ for control mechanisms for elevators of general application.

20	CONVERTIBLE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device which by reorientation or by rearrangement or omission or addition of a part, there is obtained a second character or different kind of device having a different mode of operation.

Ladder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Device comprising a ladder.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), for pertinent subclass(es) as determined by schedule review.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 22]

Ladder of different type:

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Device comprising a ladder which is transformed into a different type ladder, e.g., a stepladder convertible to stacked ladders.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

163,	for elongated ladders with folding components enabling them to be shortened and still usable.
178.1+,	for ladders with stacking means.
207,	for an extension ladder.

Stepladder prop pivoted to inverted position:

This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Device comprising a stepladder having a ladder section as a prop which section may be pivoted to an inverted position to extend the ladder.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

104+,	for pivotally connected ladders with a noninvertible feature.
115+,	for a ladder with a platform with a noninvertible feature.
165+,	for a ladder with a pivoted prop with a noninvertible feature.

24	Stile and prop end abutting:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Device wherein the ladder stile and prop are in end-to-end abutting position when the prop is used to extend the ladder.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 25]

With spreader or tie:

This subclass is indented under subclass 23. Device wherein there is provided a spreader or tie between the ladder and the prop spaced from the pivot point thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

217,	Wooden Receptacles, subclasses 60+ for pivoted braces for wooden receptacles.

26	Stepladder type with variable prop and ladder connection:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Device wherein one form of the ladder is a stepladder, in which the point of connection between the ladder and its prop is variable, thereby providing for its use or a planar surface or on multiple planes, e.g., a stairway.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 27]

Scaffold:

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Device comprising a ladder convertible to a scaffold structure.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

2.1+,	for an angularly movable support with means to maintain a step level.
104,	for pivotally connected ladders.
115+,	for a ladder with a platform.
153+,	for a unitary folding trestle.
163+,	for a ladder with folding stiles.
165+,	for a ladder with a pivoted prop.

28	Table:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Device comprising a ladder convertible to a table or to a support for a table surface.

29	Ironing board:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Device in which the table comprises an ironing board.

30	Board as pivoted ladder prop:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29. Device wherein the ironing board converts to a pivoted prop for the ladder.

31	Crossed leg board support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Device wherein the ironing board when functioning as such is supported by crossed-leg structure.

32	Wash stand:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 28. Device in which the table comprises a stand for the support of a wash basin.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 33]

Chair or stool:

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Device comprising a ladder convertible to a support for a seated occupant.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclasses 127+ for a stool of general utility.
297,	Chairs and Seats, appropriate subclasses, for a device restricted to a support for a seated person.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 33.2]

33.2

Bottom and legs invert to unveil ladder:

This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the occupant supporting bottom and its associated leg structure is turned 180° end-for-end to uncover steps or rungs concealed or obstructed thereby or there beneath.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 1+ for a seating device invertible to uncover supports on the reverse side.

33.3	Steps on chair back:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein the ladder rungs are mounted within or upon the back of the seating device, i.e., the back comprises the stiles or the stiles are mounted on the back.

33.4	Fixed steps:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33.3. Device wherein the rungs of the ladder are immovably held by their stiles and do not pivot with respect thereto.

33.5	Step withdraws from beneath seat:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 33. Device wherein a step is movable from a nonuse position under a support for a seated occupant to a use position outside of such support.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 33.6]

33.6

End-for-end turnout:

This subclass is indented under subclass 33.5. Device wherein the step moves as an entity in an arc a portion of a revolution about a horizontal axis in moving from the use to nonuse position.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

297,	Chairs and Seats, subclasses 423.26+ for a footrest pivoted to swing from a use to a nonuse position under a chair or seat.

34	Bed:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Device convertible from a ladder to a bed.

35	Furniture:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20. Device convertible to an article of furniture.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 36]

TRAVERSING, TRACK-MOUNTED:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device movably mounted by track supported means for horizontal traversing.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

10+,	for a traveling personnel carrier on a stationary inclined cable.
12+,	for a ladder or platform including means for horizontal traversing with actuation control or response means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

212,	Traversing Hoists, subclasses 312+ and 71+ for traveling cranes of general application.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 37]

With occupant elevating or lowering means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Device provided with means for elevating or lowering the person occupying the device.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

141+,	for a platform having elevating or lowering means.
150,	for a suspended platform.

38	With vertically spaced second track:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Device including vertically spaced tracks.

39	Ground- or floor-engaging:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 36. Device which also directly engage a floor or the ground when in use position.

40	UPWARDLY EXTENSIBLE FLEXIBLE LADDER OR ESCAPE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including a supple escape, e.g., a flexible ladder, and means on a common base therewith to upwardly extend and support said escape by rigid extensible support means or rigidifying and extending means.

41	Self-rigidifying:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40. Device including means to simultaneously rigidify and extend the supple escape means.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 42]

ENDLESS CONVEYER ESCAPE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising a personnel carrier mounted on endless conveyor means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

198,	Conveyors: Power-Driven, appropriate subclass for endless conveyors of general utility.

43	Top and bottom support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 42. Device in which the conveyor is provided with upper and lower supports in its endless path of travel.

44	With pivoted or folding attached carrier:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 43. Device in which the carrier pivots or folds.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 45]

PITCHED ROOF CONFORMING SCAFFOLD:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device comprising a platform and means for supporting said platform on a pitched roof in a position of utility.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

248,	Supports, subclass 148 for a receptacle stand for a sloping surface, and subclass 237 for a scaffold support of general utility which compensates for roof pitch.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 46]

WITH INSULATION:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device with means to inhibit the transfer of wave energy, e.g., heat or electricity.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

52,	Static Structures (e.g., Buildings), subclasses 404.1+ for a building component with an insulating insert in a cavity, and subclasses 408+ for a disparate material lamina separating building components.

47	Fire or heat shield:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 46. Device including shield means to protect a person from fire or heat while using escape means.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 48]

CHUTE OR ESCAPE TOWER FOR PERSONNEL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device including a trough, tube or tower means with means utilizable only by a person or combined with means essential to maintaining life (e.g., ventilation means).

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

43+,	for an escape chute or tower with an endless conveyor.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

193,	Conveyors, Chutes, Skids, Guides, and Ways, subclasses 2+ for a mere chute.

49	With ladder:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 48. Device wherein the means utilized by a person is a ladder.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 50]

WITH PROJECTOR OR PROJECTILE:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device provided with a projector or projectile to assist in getting the device to its point of use.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

42,	Firearms, appropriate subclasses for various firearms, per se.
43,	Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying, subclass 19 for fishing rods with line propelling or trajecting means.
89,	Ordnance, subclass 6.5 for fuse setters with projecting, launching or releasing devices.
102,	Ammunition and Explosives, subclass 504 for a projectile with line carrying means.
124,	Mechanical Guns and Projectors, appropriate subclass for the projection of missiles through the air by mechanical means.
273,	Amusement Devices: Games, subclasses 317+ for aerial projectile types of amusement devices.

[List of Patents for class 182 subclass 51]

WITH FLUID HANDLING:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Device with fluid handling means.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

137,	Fluid Handling, subclass 342 for a fluid system support for workman or nonsystem material.
169,	Fire Extinguishers, subclass