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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 140]   CLASS 140,WIREWORKING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class definition and Notes are divided into the following sections:

Combined Wireworking; Making Articles From Wire; Applying Wire; Assembling and Uniting Wire; Cutting Wire; Shaping Wire; Handling Wire; Making Wire.

GENERAL STATEMENT OF CLASS SUBJECT MATTER

(1) This is the generic class of:

Assembling and uniting, shaping and/or deforming wire.

Assembling and uniting one or more lengths of wire with other material.

Assembling and uniting plural lengths of wire.

Shaping or deforming lengths of wire by twisting, bending, kinking and looping.

Wireworking apparatus, i.e., machines and implements.

Patents for processes are classifiable along with the apparatus in all subclasses in this class where the participle form is used, e.g., subclass 93 "applying wire". However, subclasses not so limited, e.g., subclass 1 "combined machines" have no process patents therein.

(2) Because certain elongated or attenuated elements, not meeting the definition of a wire, can be both handled and worked like wire, such working of such elements is included in this class (140). For such apparatus combined with nonwireworking apparatus, see Miscellaenous Notes, below.

COMBINED WIREWORKING

Note. Mere transient wireworking, solely for the purpose of mounting or supporting the wire during nonwireworking (and after which the wire is substantially restored to its initial condition), combined with the nonwireworking is classified with the nonwireworking, the transient working not being considered wireworking for this class. (See References to This Class, and References to Other Classes, below.)

MAKING ARTICLES FROM WIRE

(1) Note. The making of textile-like fabrics from wire is classified both in this class (140) and in various textile classes. When the process of making includes a wire-working operation, classification is generally in this class (140), where only textile-like operations are involved, classification is generally in the various textile classes (See References to This Class, and References to Other Classes, below.)
(2) Note. The winding or wire on forms or frames (i.e., as a template) is found in this class (140), when the article made does not include the template (or core) as a part thereof. The making of an electric lamp or electric space discharge device electrode, whether or not the core remains with the wound material as a part of the electrode, will be classified elsewhere in this class. Other winding of wire will be found in the class for Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding (See References to This Class, and References to Other Classes, below.) APPLYING WIRE For apparatus and processes for applying wire and for miscellaneous wireworking implements, see References to This Class, below. Also see References to Other Classes, below. ASSEMBLING AND UNITING WIRE Uniting wires by soldering, welding and brazing will be found in this class (140), when peculiarly related to wireworking. The class of Metal Fusion Bonding is generic to bonding of metal by a metallurgical bond and includes welding, brazing and soldering, except that electric bonding apparatus and methods will be found in the class of Electric Heating, (See References to Other Classes, below.) CUTTING WIRE See References to Other Classes, below, for specific class references for cutting wire. SHAPING WIRE Forging or swaging of wire is classified in Class 72, Metal Deforming. Plastic deformation of metal wire and wire-like material will be found in both this class (140) and Class 72, which provides residually for any plastic metal-working operation, such as straightening, corrugating, stretching, coiling, drawing, rolling, etc., which does not involve assembly. Appropriate subclasses in Class 72 must therefore be investigated in connection with any plastic metal-shaping operation or apparatus. For instance, subclass 302 provides for linearly stretching a workpiece between two end clamps, and subclass 138 provides for a method of or an apparatus for deflectingly deforming metal into a conical spring element. Shaping wire by working it (other than by cutting) will also be found in certain functional or art classes; see the "SEARCH CLASS" notes below. Twisting of wire will be found in this class, subclass 149, and in Class 72; see the paragraph on forging or swaging of wire in this section, above. For intertwisting of wire, see sections on Making Articles from Wire and Assembling and Uniting Wire. HANDLING WIRE For winding of wire see (2) Note in Making Articles from Wire, above. Otherwise, see Refernces to Other Classes below. MAKING WIRE The making of wire is not in Class 140. See References to Other Classes, below. MISCELLANEOUS NOTES Certain subclasses in this class (140) have subject matter which is also classified in other main classes. Whether such subject matter constitutes wireworking for this class, so that such subject matter combined with nonwire-working apparatus will be classified in this class (140), in the subclass for Combined Machines, depends upon the status of the art. See the sections above for Making Articles from Wire, Assembling and Uniting Wire, and Shaping Wire. For wire stock, see References to Other Classes, below, the class of Stock Material or Miscellaneous Articles.

SECTION II - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

1,and see Miscellaneous Notes, above.
1,for wireworking apparatus combined with nonwireworking apparatus.
3+,for processes and apparatus for manufacturing fabrics by wireworking operations, and see Making Articles From Wire, (1) Note, above.
71+,and see the Notes thereto for processes and apparatus for manufacturing articles. (Making Articles From Wire).
71.5,for making an electric lamp or electric space discharge device electrode, whether or not the core remains with the wound material as a part of the electrode. (Making Articles From Wire).
92.1,for winding or wire on forms or frames (i.e., as a template) when the article made does not include the template (or core) as a part thereof, (see (2) Note, above, Making Articles From Wire).
93,for apparatus and processes for applying wire. (Applying Wire)
111+,for joining wire, and see Miscellaneous Notes, below. (Assembling and Uniting Wire)
123,for miscellaneous wireworking implements. (Applying Wire)
92.1+,and 117+, for coiling of wire for joining and subclass 124 for an implement therefor. (Shaping Wire)
123.5,for an implement for stretching wire. (Shaping Wire)
139+,and 147, for straightening of wire. (Shaping Wire)
149,for twisting of wire, and see the note in Shaping Wire, above.

SECTION III - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 592+ for wireworking processes combined with nonwireworking processes. (Combined Wireworking).
29, Metal Working,   subclasses 4+ and 10. (Assembling and Uniting Wire).
29, Metal Working,   subclasses 33+ for apparatus for making wire by combining two or more metal working steps separately classified. (Making Wire).
29, Metal Working,   subclasses 700+ and 400.1+, and see the Notes thereto for processes and apparatus of assembly. See also subclasses 432+ for a method of driving a wire staple into work either to assemble the staple to the work or to join two workpieces. (Making Articles From Wire).
30, Cutlery,   and see the Notes thereto for cutting implements, per se adapted for cutting wire. (Cutting Wire).
57, Textiles: Spinning, Twisting, and Twining,   for twisting of wire by a textile-like process, especially for the making of wire rope, particularly subclasses 9 and 311 for wire preforming or shaping prior to twisting into rope form, and subclass 362 for wire rope making methods involving twisting, and see (10) Note, above. Making Articles From Wire.
59, Chain, Staple, and Horseshoe Making,   subclasses 1+ for chain making, and subclasses 71+ for staple making. (Making Articles From Wire).
72, Metal Deforming,   appropriate subclasses for any plastic metal-shaping operation not involving assembly, and see the note in Shaping Wire, above for twisting of wire.
72, Metal Deforming,   appropriate subclasses for making wire by plastically reshaping a metal work piece. See subclasses 199+ for rolling, 253.1+ for extruding, and 274+ for drawing. (Making Wire).
72, Metal Deforming,   appropriate subclasses for a method of or an apparatus for plastically shaping metal and including a step of or means for handling or guiding the work or product. (Handling Wire).
75, Specialized Metallurigical Processes, Compositions for use Therein, Consolidated Metal Powder Compositions, and Loose Metal Particulate Mixtures,   subclasses 200+ for making wire by powder metallurgy. (Making Wire).
81, Tools,   appropriate subclasses for special hand tools for applying wire. (Applying Wire).
82, Turning,   and see the Notes thereto for turning wire. (Cutting Wire).
83, Cutting,   appropriate subclasses for cutting wire or other strand material. (Cutting Wire).
87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making,   appropriate subclasses for braiding of wire by a textile-like process. See Making Articles From Wire, (1) Note, above.
100, Presses,   subclasses 1+ for binding by means of wire. (Applying Wire).
139, Textiles: Weaving,   appropriate subclasses for weaving of wire generally by a textile-like process. See Making Articles From Wire, (1) Note, above.
148, Metal Treatment,   appropriate subclasses for processes of metal wireworking in combination with a significant heat treatment to modify or maintain the internal physical property (i.e., microstructure) or chemical property of the metal. See the Class 148 definition to determine what constitutes significant heat treatment. (Combined Wireworking).
156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,   appropriate subclasses for apparatus and method for laminating in general and see especially subclasses 166+ and 433+ for uniting indefinite length strands. See also subclasses 47+ as the generic home for processes of making indefinite length conductors not elsewhere provided for. (Assembling and Uniting Wire).
164, Metal Founding,   subclasses 82+ for processes of making running or indefinite length products by continuous metal casting and subclass 423 for apparatus for casting wire. (Making Wire)
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,   subclass 76 for electroforming of wire. (Making Wire).
219, Electric Heating,   subclasses 605 and 50+. Note especially indented subclasses 51+, 56+ and 78.01+. (Assembling and Uniting Wire).
226, Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length,   appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing ends to effect movement of the material. (Handling Wire).
227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus,   subclasses 82+ for combined apparatus for making and applying a member, e.g., nail. (Making Articles From Wire).
227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses for apparatus for applying a member, e.g., staple, to work. (Applying Wire).
228, Metal Fusion Bonding,   the generic class of bonding of metal by a metallurgical bond and includings welding, brazing and soldering, (Assembling and Uniting Wire).
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 430+ for making a composite article in which an elongated material is permanently wound onto a core. (Shaping Wire).
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   particularly subclasses 430+ , and see Making Articles From Wire, (2) Note, above.
242, Winding, Tensioning, or Guiding,   subclasses 360+ , 430+, and 470+ for wire winding or loop forming for a storage coil. (Handling Wire).
264, Plastic and Nonmetallic Article Shaping or Treating: Processes,   for processes, within the class definition, for molding or shaping plastic substances. For forming indefinite length filament like articles which may be electrical conductors see subclasses 171.1+ , especially subclasses 171.26+, and for other electrical devices, see subclasses 29.1+ and 104+, in particular. (Making Wire).
254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   subclasses 134.3+ for wire or strand placing. (Applying Wire).
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   for the cutting of wire by a tool that twines about an axis and moves along that axis toward a workpiece with no additional motion during operation. (Cutting Wire).
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   for milling or planing of wire. (Cutting Wire).
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses especially subclasses 67+ for plastic filament former comprising an immersed shaping orifice discharging directly into a liquid bath, and subclass 461 for a filament spinning nozzle, per se; see the search notes thereunder. (Making Wire).
451, Abrading,   for grinding wire. (Cutting Wire).
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus,   appropriate subclasses for making and/or heading nails, screws and bolts by forging or swaging. (Shaping Wire).
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus,   subclasses 121+ for making wire nails. (Making Articles From Wire).
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus,   subclasses 8+ for methods of threading wire and 57+ for machines for threading wire except as provided for in Class 408. (Cutting Wire).
470, Threaded, Headed Fastener, or Washer Making: Process and Apparatus,   subclasses 164+ and the notes thereto for machines for feeding discrete lengths of wire. (Handling Wire).
483, Tool Changing,   generally for a process or apparatus including a tool transfer means combined with a tool support or storage means. (Combined Wireworking).

SECTION IV - GLOSSARY

The definitions of terms in the class definitions of Class 29, Metal Working, apply in this class unless otherwise noted.

WIRE

A wire (for the purpose of this class (140), is an elongated or attenuated metal or metal-based material, wherein all the diameters of the cross-sectional area taken at right angles to its length are of substantially the same dimension, and the cross-sectional area is small enough to allow substantial flexibility or resiliency and permit bending or flexing without substantial metal flow. A wire may be stranded, cored, coated or covered.

WIREWORKING

The term wireworking includes the shaping and deforming of wire and/or the assembly and uniting of wire with wire or nonwire material by twisting, bending, kinking, looping, etc.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 1]    1COMBINED MACHINES:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Inventions in the working of wire in which other features not specific to wire-working are claimed in combination therewith or such inventions, as do not come within the terms of the subclasses hereinafter defined because of the inclusion of elements, combinations, or features not in themselves classifiable in such subclasses, but usually in some other class. Also inventions in wireworking or in elements of combinations specific to this class in combination with features or means specific to metal casting, swaging, welding, metal-rolling, nailing, stapling, painting, etc., of wire, or at the joint between a wire and a nonwire since in these instances the class of WireWorking is made superior.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 33+ and see the Notes thereto, for combined machines, and subclasses 592+ and see the Notes thereto, for combined methods including a step of wireworking, and see Miscellaneous Notes to the class definition of this class (140).
483, Tool Changing,   subclasses 16+ for a machine tool combined with a tool transfer means.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 2]    2MISCELLANEOUS:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Miscellaneous inventions in wire-working not classifiable in any of the other subclasses of this class.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 90.01+ and 451, Abrading, for a device for burnishing or burnishing wire.
205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,   subclasses 76 , 77, and 138 for electrolytic methods of producing wires.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 3]    3FABRIC MAKING:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Miscellaneous fabric-making inventions not classifiable in the subclasses hereunder. Wire-fabric making devices classifiable in this class are divided into two main groups, including, respectively, looms or stationary machines and portable or field machines. Each of these groups is redivided into other groups, including, respectively, devices for making a mesh fabric in which continuous wire or wires are interwoven or united with the warp wires and devices in which the completed fabric shows separate cross wires or stays. Devices of the latter type are classifiable under the stay-applying group defined below.
(1) Note. Inventions in wire-fabric making classifiable in this class are characterized by working in the wires by twisting, coiling, or by some bending operation which is not characteristic or usual in the ordinary weaving machines that operate upon cotton, wool, silk, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 700+ for assembly apparatus and 428 for methods of assembly not elsewhere classified, e.g., subclass 243.56 for a means to join two elements by applying a clip thereabout.
139, Textiles: Weaving,   for looms for making the ordinary straight weave all-wire fabrics.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 4]    4Rotary machines:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Fabric-making machines comprising a rotary device, as a drum or wheel, upon which the fabric wires or elements are secured together during its rotation.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 5]    5Multiple strand:
 Making an all-wire fabric in which a plurality of warp or runner strands are secured together, usually by twisting, to form a cable, and to which the woof, stay, or cross wires are secured.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 6]    6Hexagonal mesh:
 Making an all-wire fabric having hexagonal meshes, like chicken wire or poultry netting. In the mesh made by the devices of this subclass the cross wires are continuous and are not cut.
(1) Note. Search this class, the stay-applying subclasses, for machines in which the cross wires are cut, thus forming separate woof-wires or stays.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making,   for machines producing similar fabrics of wire or other strand material but involving no wire working operation other than strand interrelating.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 7]    7Quadrangle mesh:
 Making all-wire net fabric having quadrangular or four-sided meshes.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

4,5, for fabric making machines in which the warps or runners are composed of a plurality of strands secured together, for example, by twisting.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

87, Textiles: Braiding, Netting, and Lace Making,   subclass 24 and indented subclasses, for machines for making similar textile fabrics.
164, Metal Founding,   subclasses 91+ and particularly subclass 110 for processes of joining wires by metal casting operations.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 9]    9Diamond mesh:
 Making wire netting having diamond or V-shaped meshes, the cross wire or wires being continuous in distinction from those inventions for the making of diamond mesh fabric where the wires are not continuous.
(1) Note. Search this class, the Fabric-making, Stay-applying subclasses, for inventions involving cutting the wires to form stays or working in separate wires as stays.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 10]    10Stay applying:
 Securing wire stays or separate cross wires to the runners, strands, or warp wires of wire netting not classifiable in the subclasses of this group defined below.
(1) Note. In this group are classifiable all devices wherein the so-called "stays" are formed by cutting the cross wire at the edges of the fabric.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,7, 8, and 9, for mesh-making machines employing continuous cross or woof wires, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 11]    11Clip joining:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Applying clips, tie-wires, or equivalent, whether of wire or sheet metal, to the intersecting wires of a wire fabric and by which they are secured together. Also magazines for clips or feeding devices relating to all-wire fabric-making.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53,54, 55, for clip-affixing implements.
116,for dies employed in machines for applying the wires to intersecting wires, as in fence fabrics.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 428+ , and particularly subclasses 505+ indented thereunder, for a process of deformably applying a clip to work, and subclasses 700+ for apparatus for doing the same, particularly subclass 243.56.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 12]    12Wrapped loop:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Making-all-wire fabric by wrapping or otherwise securing suitable loops formed in stay wires about the strand wires.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

21,
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 13]    13Short stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Making an all-wire quadrangular, usually square, mesh fabric in which the cross wires or stays are composed of short lengths each connecting a plurality of strands, usually two, said lengths together forming a "sectional stay".
(1) Note. This subclass is intended to include all looms or fixed machines utilizing short stays or cross wires of short length.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 14]    14Loop strand:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Fabric-making in which suitable loops are formed in the warp or strands, usually for the purpose of securing the stays therein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

22,
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 15]    15Successively wrapped stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Making fabric by wrapping or coiling the stay wires successively around the strands, usually commencing at one of the edge strands, and coiling the stay successively about each runner and securing the end of the stay to the strand on the opposite edge of the fabric.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

53,and 54, for implements employed in making fabrics in this manner.
117,for hand tools for coiling or winding one wire about another, as in successively wrapping a stay about the several fence strands.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 16]    16Portable machines:
 Portable machines for making all-wire netting. For example, all machines employed in the field are classifiable in this group.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52,for devices adapted to be held in the hand or partially supported by the work.
117,and indented subclasses, for devices of more general application, as in joining wires. Subclass 117 includes all implements for coiling one wire about another, as in successively wrapping stays.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 17]    17Mesh making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Portable all-wire fabric-making machines that make an all-wire netting in which the wires employed are practically continuous and separate or so-called stays are not separately interwoven or secured to the strands or the cross wires or in which the cross wire is not subsequently cut at the edge of the fabric.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,and 7, for looms or stationary machines for making similar fabrics.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 18]    18Stay applying:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 16.  Portable machines for securing separate wires or stays to the warp, strands, or runners and not classifiable in the minor subclasses of this group. Stay-applying machines operate to secure separate cross wires or stays to the warp wires or strands or the cross wires are cut at the edge of the fabric thus forming separate stays.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 19]    19Multiple strand:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Portable stay-applying machines that twist or unite a plurality of strands together either in making and securing a multistrand stay to the warp wires or for securing wire stays, single or multiple, to a multistrand runner or warp.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

5,for fixed machines or looms that secure stay wires to a multistrand runner or warp.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 21]    21Wrapped loop:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Portable stay-applying machines that secure the stays in place by wrapping or coiling loops suitably formed in the stay about the strand wires.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

12,for similar features in looms.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 22]    22Looped strand:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Portable fabric-making machines that form loops or kinks in the strands or warps and by which the stays are secured in place, each loop usually embracing a stay.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14,for looms having like features.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 23]    23Successively wrapped stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 18.  Portable fabric-making machines that secure the stays to the strands by wrapping or coiling operations, each stay being successively wrapped around the strands in crossing the fabric, thus securing them in place.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,for looms that operate in like manner.
53,and 54, for implements employed in making fabrics in this manner.
117,for hand tools for coiling or winding one wire about another, as in successively wrapping a stay about the several fence strands.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 24]    24Edge-strand binding:
 Inventions in making selvages or binding the edge strands or in coiling or knotting the ends of the stays to the edge strands of the fabric, and machines and attachments for, or specific structures or combinations in, all-wire fabric making devices.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14,for similar features.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 25]    25Slat and wire:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Inventions in or devices, looms, or stationary machines for making a slatted wire-fabric--such as a picket or slatted wire fence, barrel fabric, basket fabric, etc.--and not classifiable in the minor subclasses defined below. The term "slat" is used in a generic sense to include wood, metal, etc., or any other material except wire.
(1) Note. Search appropriate subclasses of all-wire machines, for machines for forming wire pickets or stays into a fabric.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

3,and subclasses indented under Fabric-making, All-wire, for such similar structural features as are also characteristic of looms.
28,see the search note for slat-and-wire fabric-weaving machines.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

139, Textiles: Weaving,   for pertinent subclass(es) as determined by schedule review.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 26]    26Slat cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Slat-and-wire fabric making involving the cutting of the slats to determine lengths or trimming or shaping the same.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 27]    27Magazine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Slat-and-wire fabric-making machines provided with hoppers or any type of magazine for holding, supplying, or feeding the slats or pickets to the machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 28]    28Dummy spacing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Slat-and-wire machines having means for forming spaces between the slats at predetermined points by the omission of a slat or by the prevention of slat-feeding at the proper time. This subclass includes machines particularly adapted to the manufacture of barrel fabric.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 29]    29Movable carriage:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Machines having lifting frames or other movable carriages for relatively and periodically placing the slats, strands, or operating mechanism in securing relation--for example, moving the strand-twisting heads periodically into engagement with the strands to be twisted or coiled about the slats.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

32,and 44, for slat "beaters" or slat-placing mechanism.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 30]    30Strand twisting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Inventions in fabric-making wherein the slats are secured by the mutual twisting together of the two or more strands of which a warp or runner is composed and not classifiable in the minor subclasses defined below.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

34,for machines for coiling one of the strands about another or winding a continuous binding wire around a strand.
52,for implements specific to wire-fabric making.
118,and indented subclasses, and 121 for implements employed in uniting intersecting fence strands by coiling in the making of slatted wire fabrics.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 31]    31Embedding:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Looms or stationary machines having means for embedding the fabric wires or stays in the slats, usually by the provision of suitable pressure rollers or hammers.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 32]    32Beaters:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Strand-twisting slat-and-wire fabric machines provided with means for beating or hammering the slats to place in the crotch between the strands.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

42,for beaters in portable machines.
31,
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 33]    33Spreaders:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 30.  Devices, usually separate from and employed in connection with strand-twisting machines, for separating or keeping the strands apart or from twisting exterior to or in advance of the twister-heads during the twisting operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 34]    34Strand coiling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Making slatted wire fabric in which the slats are secured to the strands by the coiling or winding of one strand about the other, one only of the runner strands being bent or coiled, the other remaining substantially straight, or a smaller so-called "binding" or continuous tie-wire may be used and coiled about the strand between the slats, thus securing the latter in place.

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49,for machines that operate to secure the slats by securing separate pieces of wire or "tie-wires" to the strands embracing the slats.
57,for implements for the same purpose.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 35]    35Weavers:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Looms for making slatted wire fabric or fencing by wire-crossing mechanism.
(1) Note. See Search Notes under subclass 25.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

139, Textiles: Weaving,   for devices for ordinary weaving in the making of an all-wire fabric.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 36]    36Twister heads:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Twister-heads of the kind employed in wire-fabric making machines.

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114,115, 119, for similar heads employed in machines for twisting or coiling the ends or wires together.

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19, Textiles: Fiber Preparation,   subclass 154 .
56, Harvesters,   subclasses 132 , 133, 451+, 458+.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 37]    37Portable machines:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 25.  Portable devices or machines employed in the field (mostly fence machines) for making slatted wire fabric and not classifiable in the minor subclasses defined below.

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52,and indented subclasses, for implements or tools adapted to be held in the hand or partially supported by the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 38]    38Magazine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Portable machines having slat holders, hoppers or equivalent magazine for the supply of slats.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

27,
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 39]    39Strand twisters:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 37.  Portable machines having strand-twisting devices for mutually twisting the strands together to secure slats in place between them.

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30+,for similar features in looms.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 40]    40Slat adjustment:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Machines provided with means for placing the slats in definite relation either laterally, longitudinally, or angularly.

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41,for portable machines having plumbing or leveling devices.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 41]    41Plumb adjustment:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Portable slat-and-wire fabric-making machines having strand-twisters in which means are provided for the angular adjustment thereof or for positioning the slats relatively to the surface of the ground, whereby the slats may be secured in a vertical position or plumb.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 42]    42Beaters:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Portable machines provided with distinct means for beating the slat to place in the shed or crotch between the strands. The beating of the slat to place by the periodic movement of the machine itself does not place it in this subclass. The beaters employed are usually auxiliary and operate in a vibratory manner.

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32,for beaters in looms.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 43]    43Vertically adjustable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Portable slat-and-wire machines having provision for adjusting the twisting devices vertically to secure a desired space relation between the strands or runners.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 44]    44Eccentric type:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Portable slat-and-wire fabric machines having twisters comprising a suitable carrier provided with guides, clamps, or holders for the strand wires, which are eccentrically mounted at one side of and revoluble upon or within a ring or substantially annular guide forming a sort of eccentric strap. The carrier holds the strand wires at one side of the strap center and revolves or turns within it, so as to move the wires in a circular path to the opposite side to cross them. This is repeated to produce the desired number of twists.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 45]    45Wire crossers:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 39.  Portable slat-and-wire fabric-making machines which operate to effect a simple or single cross in the strand wires between the pickets or slats, distinguising these machines from such as produce more than a simple cross.

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50,for portable devices for producing mere relative separation or displacement and crossing of the strands by horizontal movement thereof and in a few instances by vertical movement.
  
[List of Patents for class 140 subclass 46]    46Oscillatory:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Portable slat-and-wire fabric machines provided with wire-crossers having an oscillatory strand holding and crossing member, which either structurally or functionally is of the nature of a compound lever.