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CLASS 109,	SAFES, BANK PROTECTION, OR A RELATED DEVICE
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This is the generic class for:

(A) Safes:

All buildings and receptacles which have combined therewith (a) means in addition to their structure and/or (b) means built into their structure, for repelling or protecting their contents (including living beings) from explosion, penetration of missiles, other attacks by force or stealth (including burglary or larceny), fire, or for any other protective, or safe-guarding purpose not elsewhere provided for.

(B) Bank protection devices:

Banks, stores, or other related institutions, having means to protect or defend them and their personnel against a burglary or robbery attack.

(C) Related devices:

All devices not elsewhere classified for preventing physical objects (including living beings) from being harmed by violence of any kind, or from getting into unauthorized possession of any person.

SECTION II - LINES WITH OTHER CLASSES AND WITHIN THIS CLASS

SECTION III - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS

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SECTION IV - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

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SUBCLASSES

1	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Devices and not classifiable below. Included are processes or methods relating to features of this class, cross-references being made to the particular feature. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 52,  Static Structures (e.g., Buildings),   subclasses 742.1+ for methods of filling hollow walls. 73,  Measuring and Testing,   subclass 35.17 for a safety feature or a containment structure detail for use in testing an explosive.

2	BANK PROTECTION DEVICES:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Devices as defined in section II. The device is often manually actuated by an employee in a protected position.

3	Trapping mechanisms:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Devices for confining a person either against his will or while transacting business. The confining means is under the control of one or more of the personnel of the bank or related institution. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 43,  Fishing, Trapping, and Vermin Destroying,   subclass 59 , for those traps which are released by an attacker or prowler.

4	Counter type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Devices wherein the trap is combined with a partition or counter to confine a customer while a transaction is taking place. The trap is normally under control of the person behind the partition or counter.

5	With protected transaction partitions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Devices wherein the trap is combined with an otherwise protected transaction or display partition, the latter being defined in this class, subclass 10.

6	Plural closures:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 3.  Devices wherein a plurality of closures are operable to form the confining means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 49,  Movable or Removable Closures,   subclass 94 for interconnected closures on opposite or angularly related barriers.

7	Interrelated fastening means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Devices wherein fastening means of the closures are interrelated.

8	Rotary plural blade closure:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 6.  Devices wherein at least one of the closures is of the rotary plural-blade door type. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 49,  Movable or Removable Closures,   subclass 42 for revolving plural-blade type closures of the type provided for.

9	Guard booths:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Devices comprising booths and enclosures for the protection of armed guards and other personnel of the protected institution from which they may repel an attack and sometimes send an alarm. The enclosures may be built in, movable or portable. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 11, for transaction partitions which may be transformed into a guard booth.

10	Safety transaction and display partitions and counters:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2.  Devices comprising a desk, counter or display surface, with or without a partition, combined with means for protection against attack. The partition may have a wicket therein and may be transparent or foraminous. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 160,  Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,   for devices (1) in which a flexible fabric or other flexible sheet material forms the panel portion, (2) formed of plural strips, slats or panels inter-connected for relative motion (excluding those connected only by a common operator or mounted only on a common support), (3) combinations of (1) and (2), and (4) combinations of (1) to (3), inclusive, with rigid closures. Such devices in the combination set forth in the definition of this subclass (10) including those having attack actuated operating means, are in this subclass. 312,  Supports: Cabinet Structure,   appropriate subclasses, for cabinet structure, particularly subclass 114 , for show-cases; 140.1, for counters; 194, for knee-hole desks.

11	With movable protective shields:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Devices wherein a movable protective shield is placed between an attacker and the desk, counter or display.

12	Plural shields:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Devices wherein a plurality of separate shields are moved to protecting position.

13	For plural openings or partitions:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12.  Devices wherein there are a plurality of transaction openings or partitions to be protected.

14	Roller type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Devices wherein a rolled shield is unrolled to protecting position. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 160,  Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,   particularly subclass 238 , for roller type devices.

15	Strip or slat type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Devices wherein the shield is formed of a plurality of strips or slats. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 160,  Flexible or Portable Closure, Partition, or Panel,   particularly subclass 130 , for movably interconnected plural strip, slat or panel type devices.

16	Axially pivoted:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 15.  Devices wherein the strips or slats are each pivoted for rotation or oscillation about their longest axis to meet or overlap and form a single shield.

17	Sliding:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 11.  Devices wherein a substantially flat shield slides in its plane to protecting position.

18	Gravity shield:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 17.  Devices wherein the shield upon release falls by the action of gravity alone to protected position.

19	With deal trays:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Devices wherein means is provided for the transfer of articles in both directions through a partition without the presence of a straight unobstructed passage therethrough. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 206,  Special Receptacle or Package,   subclass .8 , for coin receptacles and packages, including mats and trays having features to facilitate picking up of coins lying thereon. 232,  Deposit and Collection Receptacles,   subclass 64 , for receptacles upon, or in, which coins are deposited and having one or more movable parts (as tiltable mounting of a tray type receptacle) which when moved will cause delivery of the coins, usually into the customer"s hand.

20	With fluent material releasing, generating and/or distributing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Devices wherein the transaction and display partition or desk is combined with means for releasing, generating and/or distributing fluent materials, the latter means being defined in this class, subclass 29. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 424,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   appropriate subclass for a composition for disabling or repelling an animal including a human.

21	With alarm, signal or indicator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Devices wherein the transaction and display partition or desk is combined with an alarm, signal or indicator. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 38, for alarms, signals and indicators combined with other structures within the class definition. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 541 , for indicating systems automatically responsive to intrusion detection; subclasses 568.1+ for indicating systems automatically responsive to article placement or removal; and subclass 574 for electric automatic holdup responsive indicating systems.

21.5	Protected voice transmitting path:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 10.  Devices in which the partition has an indirect passage permitting passage of sound waves but preventing passage of solid objects (such as projectiles). SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 181,  Acoustics,   subclasses 18 through 22,for speaking tubes and subclasses 148 and 157, for diaphragms and mounting.

22	CONVERTIBLE:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Devices which are convertible to other devices or uses.

23	COMBINED:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Devices which are combined with miscellaneous additional structure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 45, for devices under the main class definition combined with means for movably mounting or supporting them for some motion incident to their protective function. 50, for other supporting or mounting combinations.

24	With jackets:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices combined with a jacket or enclosure distinct from the wall structure of the device. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 58, for those devices where the jacket is part of the wall structure. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 454,  Ventilation,   subclasses 185+ , for jackets combined with means for circulating air for ventilating purposes around the exterior of the device.

24.1	Depository with verification indicia applying means
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Device for receiving an article for safeguarding and against unauthorized retrieval, combined with means to mark the article so as to register its reception or to mark a receipt for the article to be served to the depositor. (1) Note. A depository which includes photographing means is so akin to the art of making a record of the article as to be excluded from the instant subclass (24.1) and found, rather, in Class 346, Recorders, subclass 22 or in another (optical art) locus related thereto, this being so even were a photocopy to be served as a receipt. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 346,  Recorders,   subclass 22 , for the subject matter of this instant subclass (24.1) and further including, (1) means making a record of the article, as by photographing it (e.g., on microfilm), or (2) a time recorder (clock) or means responsive thereto to effect the marking means operation.

25	With marking devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices combined with means for marking contained articles upon attack. The articles are usually money or negotiable paper and the marking is generally for the purpose of warning that it has been stolen. The marking may be done, for example, by stamping, punching, dyeing, or burning, and may be set off either automatically or manually upon attack. (1) Note. See the pertinent subclasses of Classes 8, Bleaching and Dyeing; Fluid Treatment and Chemical Modification of Textiles and Fibers; 83, Cutting; 102, Ammunition and Explosive Devices; and 118, Coating Apparatus. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 20, for bank protecting devices for releasing, generating and/or distributing fluent material upon attack for other purposes.

26	With means to prevent successful use of explosives:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices (other than mere closure sealing mechanisms) wherein means is provided to prevent a successful attack upon a safe by means of an explosive. The explosive is normally inserted between the closure and jamb, and the device may either impede the entry, convey the explosive away from the place inserted, or may absorb or release the explosive forces. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 75, for mere sealing mechanisms for this and other purposes. 79, for joints and connections peculiarly constructed to stand an explosion or to relieve the pressure of one.

27	Pressure relief mechanism:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26.  Devices wherein means is provided for venting the excessive pressure resulting from an explosive attack. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 137,  Fluid Handling,   subclass 455 , particularly subclasses 467, 469, 506 to 510 and 511 for excess pressure relief valves of general application.

28	With drain or sump:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 26.  Devices wherein there is a drain and/or a sump to remove immediately any explosive from the place in which it is inserted.

29	With fluent material releasing, generating and/or distributing means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices wherein means is provided for releasing, generating and/or distributing gas, smoke, vapors and/or liquids either manually, automatically upon attack, or automatically in case of fire. The fluent material is normally, but not necessarily, toxic, noncombustible, or incapacitating and may normally, but not necessarily, be used to repel attacks and/or put out, prevent, or impede the action of a fire. This subclass includes devices relating to jails, where the purposes of this subclass are also present. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 25, for means for marking articles upon attack, usually to warn that the articles have been stolen. 36, for fluent material released or generated solely as an incident to the firing of an explosive device. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 102,  Ammunition and Explosives,   subclass 367 , for gas generating explosive devices. 137,  Fluid Handling,   for fluid handling or distribution systems in general. 169,  Fire Extinguishers,   appropriate subclasses, particularly 54 for manual or automatic extinguishers and 91 for apparatus causing gas flow. 239,  Fluid Sprinkling, Spraying, and Diffusing,   appropriate subclasses for the discharge or distributing structure, per se, which projects the fluid(s). 252,  Compositions,   subclasses 2+ for compositions specialized and designed for or peculiar to use in extinguishing fires or processes of making them, which may be foams, or foam producing compositions. 422,  Chemical Apparatus and Process Disinfecting, Deodorizing, Preserving, or Sterilizing,   subclass 305 for fume generators. 424,  Drug, Bio-Affecting and Body Treating Compositions,   appropriate subclass for a composition for disabling or repelling an animal including a human. 454,  Ventilation,   particularly subclasses 237+ and 254+ for means for ventilating the devices. 516,  Colloid Systems and Wetting Agents; Subcombinations Thereof; Processes of Making, Stabilizing, Breaking, or Inhibiting,   subclasses 10+ for continuous liquid phase with discontinuous gas or vapor phase colloid system (e.g., foam) or agents for such systems or making or stabilizing such systems or agents, when generically claimed or when there is no hierarchically superior provision in the USPC for the specifically claimed art.

30	With auxiliary lock:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Devices combined with means for imposing an additional impediment to the opening of a closure on the structure being attacked.

31	With alarm, signal or indicator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Devices combined with an alarm, signal or indicator. This subclass includes devices relating to jails, where the purposes of this subclass are also present. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 500 for electrical automatic condition responsive indicating systems.

32	With operator and/or controller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Devices wherein a mechanism is utilized to initiate, release and/or control the action of the device. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 74,  Machine Element or Mechanism,   subclass 2 , for initiators of the trip type which are of more general application.

33	Fusible, combustible or thermal actuator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 32.  Devices wherein the mechanism is initiated or released by the action of heat. The device may be thermally responsive or may contain a fusible or combustible element. (1) Note. Thermal responsive mechanisms may be found in many other places, including particularly: Class 137, Fluid Handling, subclasses 12.1, 59, 65, 72, 79, 389, 457, and 468: Class 49, Movable or Removable Closures, subclass 1, and Class 337, Electricity: Electrothermally or Thermally Actuated Switches, appropriate subclasses for thermostatically switches, per se, see Class 236, Automatic Temperature and Humidity Regulation, subclasses 91-104.

34	Shock broken:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 29.  Devices wherein the release or initiation is caused by the breakage of an element due to the shock of an attack.

35	With electrical surface charging means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices wherein a surface or other exposed part of the device is electrically charged. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 256,  Fences,   subclass 10 , for analogous devices.

36	With explosive devices:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices wherein an explosive mechanism or element is combined with the device. The explosive mechanism is usually a piece of ordnance while the element is usually a cartridge or equivalent structure. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 29, for an explosive device which acts as a detonator to release, generate, or distribute a fluent material. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 102,  Ammunition and Explosives,   for the mechanism of general application. 149,  Explosive and Thermic Compositions or Charges.

37	Wall contained detonator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 36.  Devices wherein the detonator is housed in the wall of the device.

38	With alarm, signal or indicator:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.  Devices combined with an alarm, signal, or indicator. This subclass includes devices relating to jails, where the purposes of this subclass are also present. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 31, for this structure combined with fluent releasing means. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 40,  Card, Picture, or Sign Exhibiting,   appropriate subclasses for signs, per se. 116,  Signals and Indicators,   appropriate subclasses for indicators and signals, per se. 200,  Electricity: Circuit Makers and Breakers,   appropriate subclasses under subclass 61.62 , and subclass 61.93 for wall or closure mounted circuit makers and breakers, including those in which the circuit is closed by attempted penetration. 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 500 for electrical alarms automatically responsive to a condition. Note especially subclasses 541 and 574 for burglar alarms.

39	Movable receptacle initiated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Devices wherein the movement of the receptacle as a unit initiates the operation. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 44, for handle initiated mechanisms. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 568.1+ for electrical automatic article placement or removal responsive indicating systems.

40	Plural initiators:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Devices wherein a plurality of different types of initiators are found. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 521 for electrical automatic plural diverse condition responsible indicating systems.

41	Wall penetrating and closure movement initiators:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 40.  Devices in which the several initiators include wall penetrating and closure movement types, as defined respectively in subclasses 42 and 43.

42	Wall penetrating initiated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Devices wherein the penetration of the wall by attack initiates the operation. (1) Note. The word "wall" is to be interpreted broadly to include a screen, a grille, or any other confining mechanism. SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS: 31, for the puncture of a wall to release a fluent material under pressure, or to allow the influx of air to bring up the pressure to that of the atmosphere. 38, for operation initiated by an attack upon the wall that does not penetrate the wall. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 544 for fluid flow operated alarms such as those in which the fluid is released when a hollow bar is sawed by a trespasser, and subclass 550 for electrically actuated alarms which are automatically responsive to the penetration of screens, walls, roofs, floors, etc.

43	Closure movement initiated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Devices wherein the movement of a closure initiates the operation. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclasses 545.1+ for electrical automatic door or window movement responsive indicating systems.

44	Lock or handle initiated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 38.  Devices wherein the movement of a closure fastening means or a handle initiates the operation. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 340,  Communications: Electrical,   subclass 542 for electrical automatic lock condition responsive indicating systems.

45	INCIDENTALLY MOVABLE SAFE OR COMPARTMENT:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Devices wherein the entire safe, or some compartment thereof, is movable as an incident to the protective function of the safe.

46	With dumping mechanism:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Devices wherein the movement is utilized to dump the contents of the safe or the compartment to a location which is less accessible to a person attacking the same. The movement may be for an emergency deposit of the valuables.

47	Receding movement:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 45.  Devices where the safe or compartment is bodily, rectilinearly movable to a location less accessible to a person attacking the same, or further away from, or less accessible to, a fire. Includes safety deposit boxes in combination with their individual safes. SEE OR SEARCH CLASS: 441,  Buoys, Rafts, and Aquatic Devices,   subclass 32 for devices of this type for use on shipboard which act as a buoy upon the sinking of a ship.