This class comprises special machines, processes, blanks,
and dies for making tools, many of which are designated by the subclass
titles, while the remainder are to be found in the proper miscellaneous
subclasses.
The class includes mechanisms for sharpening various cutting-tools
by the removal of the stock adjacent to the edge of the same by
a cutting or filing action as distinguished from an abrading action.
Mechanism for sharpening harrow-disks, etc., are included in this
class because of their analogy to the other types of cutting sharpeners
(see Subclass References to This Class, below).
This class also includes machines and processes for making
dies, whether to be used as hand-operated implements or in forging
or other machines.
General operation machines, though adapted by the substitution
of special tool-forming dies to form tools, are classified in the
general operation classes.
SECTION II - SUBCLASS REFERENCES TO THE CURRENT CLASS
Metal Deforming, appropriate subclasses for a process or an apparatus for
shaping metal by merely deforming it, e.g., twisting a drill bit
or rolling a saw blank, or the same including cutting; and
subclasses 462+ for a tool, e.g., a die, per se.
This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Machines for cutting away the material of the auger-bit
adjacent to the cutting edge to give clearance to the blade and
also machines for forming the cutting-lips of the bit.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Machine specifically adapted to change a member having some
of the physical characteristics of a drill (i.e., a drill blank)
to a member having the physical characteristics of a drill; or (2)
to make the cutting of a drill of better shape for cutting.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Machine comprising changing a drill blank to a drill by
the action of a pair of dies having opposite shape to that of the
desired drill, that move toward each other to effect shaping.
This subclass is indented under subclass 5.1. Machine comprising changing a drill blank to a drill by
the action of a fixed tool and a movable tool that moves toward
the fixed tool to shape the blank therebetween.
Machines for forging tool-heads which are provided with
eyes in which the handle is to be secured, also machines for piercing
the eyes, and machines for making hammers, picks, mattocks, and
hoes having eyes for the handles.
This subclass is indented under subclass 7. Machines having plungers or dies adapted to be adjusted
in such a manner that ax-heads having different weights may be forged
in the same dies.
Machines adapted to forge and shape various tool-heads having
handle-sockets (not eyes), straps, or tangs, including hoes, shovels,
rakes, pitchforks, etc.
Machines for splitting tool-blanks, usually for the purpose
of forming the "straps" to which the handle is
secured. Also machines for splitting ax-polls for the insertion
of the steel bit.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous machines for forming the cutting ribs or teeth
of files and rasps.
(1)
Note. For electrolytic apparatus used to sharpen or resharpen
files, see Class 204, Chemistry: Electrical and Wave Energy, subclasses
194+.
(2)
Note. For electrolytic processes for sharpening or resharpening
files, see Class 205, Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used
Therein, and Methods of Preparing the Compositions, subclass 664.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 664 for electrolytic sharpening or resharpening of
a file or rasp.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines specially adapted to form rasping-teeth upon file-blanks,
usually by swaging up the teeth from the surface of the blank by means
of punches. These machines are usually characterized by mechanism
adapted to shift the bed or the tool in such a manner as to form the
teeth in staggered rows.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines which force up the file-ribs by means of a cutter
or punch which is actuated by pressure as distinguished from a blow.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines in which the cutter is raised against a spring
or weight by means of a trip-cam or other device, which upon release
causes the cutter to strike a blow upon the file-blank.
This subclass is indented under subclass 15. Machines in which the cutter is raised against a spring
or weight by means of a trip-cam, which upon release causes the
cutter to strike a blow upon the file-blank and which is provided
with means, usually automatic, for increasing or decreasing the
force of the blow in conformity to the width or thickness of the
file-blank as it is fed beneath the cutter.
This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Machines in which the cutter is supported over the blank,
usually by a spring, and is struck by a hammer, generally power-operated.
This subclass is indented under subclass 17. Machines in which the cutter is supported over the blank,
usually by a spring, and is struck by a power-operated hammer, the
force of the blow being increased or diminished, usually automatically
in conformity to the width or thickness of the file-blank as it
is fed beneath the cutter.
Advancing Material of Indeterminate Length, appropriate subclasses for methods of, and apparatus
for, feeding material without utilizing the leading or trailing
ends to effect movement of the material.
This subclass is indented under subclass 22. Mechanisms for feeding the blanks to the file cutting or
punching devices, comprising a screw-feed for advancing the blank
carriage or clamp.
Electrolysis: Processes, Compositions Used Therein,
and Methods of Preparing the Compositions,
subclass 664 for electrolytic sharpening or resharpening of
a file or rasp.
This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Method of restoring previously sharpened cutting edges of
a file or rasp to sharp condition by application of a chemical that
modifies the surface characteristics thereof.
This subclass is indented under the class definition. Miscellaneous apparatus for changing a saw blank into a
toothed saw blade or for treating a saw blade to make it more suitable
for sawing.
(1)
Note. A "saw blank" normally comprises
a metallic sheet having two generally parallel planar surfaces and
a perimeter; a "saw blade" is similar in structure
but has formed along at least a portion of the perimeter a series
of aligned cutting teeth intended to follow each other in a cutting
action.
(2)
Note. The apparatus of this subclass may ba a randomly manipulated
hand tool, i.e., a "device" or it may be a base mounted
structure, i.e., a "machine".
Abrading, for grinding to shape, generally, including sharpening
a drill or other tool, other than a saw. Note that abrading to
sharpen a saw, contrary to the general line between Class 76 and Class
451, is included in Class 76.
Machines for stretching and straightening saw-blades or
sections thereof for the purpose of reducing "buckled" portions
by means of a hammering action; also devices for supporting saws
upon anvils, thus adapting them to be stretched by a manually-operated
tool.
Machines in which saw-teeth are formed upon a blank by means
of a chisel, which, being forced into the edge of the blank cuts
and swages up the saw-teeth, also machines having chisel-cutters
adapted to shave the tooth, the line of movement of the cutter being
in the plane of the disk.
Machines for sharpening saws in which a file or sharpening
tool is positively guided in its reciprocation across the saw. The
patents in this subclass are mainly hand-operated devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines provided with reciprocating sharpening tools especially
adapted to sharpen gin-saws. These machines are usually characterized
by crossed files.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws by means of a
reciprocating file or tool in which the carriage supporting the
filing mechanism is automatically moved forward as the successive teeth
are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines in which the saw-teeth are sharpened by a reciprocating
file or tool and which are provided with automatic means for feeding
the saw-clamp forward as the successive teeth are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. Machines in which the saw-teeth are sharpened by a reciprocating
file or tooth and which are provided with means for engaging the
teeth of the saw and feeding it forward as the successive teeth
are sharpened.
This subclass is indented under subclass 31. File-holders having guides or indicators attached to and
carried by the file in its movement which show to the operator the
angle at which the file is being held.
Miscellaneous machines which sharpen the teeth of saws by
means of a rotary file, milling-tool, or abrading-tool, not classifiable
in the following subclasses.
Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool, appropriate subclasses, for drilling machines which
feed the work or tool or both relative to one another along the
axis of rotation of the tool; and see the Notes thereto for other
machines in which a rotating tool is fed relative to work.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which sharpen the teeth of saws by means of a helical
or spiral file, cutter, or abrading devices.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which sharpen saws by means of a rotary file or
abrading-disk having oblique or helical ribs adapted to engage the
teeth of the saw for the purpose of feeding the saw forward. The
disks or cutters in this class of machines usually have a section
broken away to permit the feeding of the saw.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws in which a rotary
file or abrading-tool carried by a pivoted gate or bracet is adapted
to be swung toward and from the saw-blade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws in which a rotary
file or abrading-tool supported upon a sliding gate is adapted to
be reciprocated toward and from the saw-blade.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening the teeth of saws by means of a
rotating file, cutter, or abrading-tool in which the saw is supported
upon a pivoted carriage and adapted to be swung against the rotating
tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines for sharpening saws by means of a rotating file,
cutter or abrading-tool in which the saw is supported upon a sliding
carriage and is adapted to be reciprocated into contact with the
rotating tool.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Machines which remove the metal at the bases of saw-teeth
to lengthen the teeth by means of milling-cutters. This subclass
also includes machines having annular cutters.
This subclass is indented under subclass 37. Filing, grinding, or other disks or cutters especially adapted
for sharpening and gumming saw-teeth. This subclass includes spiral
files.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Machines and implements in which devices for truing, the
teeth of saws by side-dressing or making the teeth of uniform length
are combined with a gage which is adapted to determine the relative
length of the teeth or the amount of set of the teeth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Furbishing apparatus for (1) making the side surface of
aligned teeth of the saw blade touch a common plane parallel with
the plane of a planar surface of the blade; or (2) making the teeth
of a desired common height.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Devices specially adapted to true the teeth of circular
saws in such a manner that the points of all the teeth will lie
in the circumference of a circle; also devices for truing the sides
of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Machines and implements for shaping and truing the points
and sides of the teeth of saws by swaging. These machines are generally adapted
to be used on circular saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Machines having rotary cutting or abrading devices for truing
the points and sides of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 47.1. Furbishing for making the side surface of aligned teeth
of a saw blade touch a common plane parallel with the plane of a
planar surface of the blade; wherein the blade comprises a flexible,
endless ribbon.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Miscellaneous implements, machines, and processes for widening
the points of the teeth of saws, not classifiable in the following
subclasses. This subclass also includes devices for "knocking
down" the points of the teeth of saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Machines for widening the points of the teeth of saws by
means of camfaced swages, the swages being in many instances provided
with rollers. These machines are used for sharpening or renewing
the teeth of saws. This subclass also includes cam-swaging machines
for "knocking down" the points of teeth and for swaging
the raker-teeth of crosscut-saws.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Machines for swaging the teeth of saws in which the tooth
is supported upon an anvil and a punch normally supported in proper
position over the anvil, usually by a spring, is adapted to be struck
by a hammer.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Implements for swaging the teeth of saws, usually "punches",
having properly formed swaging-faces adapted to be held in the hand
and struck by a hammer; also tools for "knocking down" the
points of the saw-teeth.
This subclass is indented under subclass 51. Specially-formed anvils upon which the saw tooth is held
by means of clamps or otherwise and the tooth swaged by being struck
with a hammer or a punch held in the hand.
This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Miscellaneous machines, implements, and processes for bending
the teeth of saws laterally in order to give proper clearance in
the cut or kerf made by the saw.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Machines in which the teeth of the saw are given set by
means of a rotary set--as, for example, toothed or corrugated rolls
or disks.
This subclass is indented under subclass 58. Machines in which the tooth-setting devices are forced into
engagement with the teeth by means of a screw.
Instruments having pivotally-mounted sets adapted to act
upon a plurality of teeth simultaneously. They are usually for
simultaneously bending adjacent teeth in opposite directions.
This subclass is indented under subclass 63. Hand implements in the form of pliers in which the set or
punch is carried by a pivoted arm which is actuated by one of the
plier-handles.
Machines in which a set or punch carried upon a pivoted
arm is adapted to be struck by a hammer to give set to a tooth held
upon a properly formed anvil.
Machines and implements having slidably-mounted sets adapted
to act upon a plurality of teeth simultaneously. These devices
are usually for simultaneously bending adjacent teeth in opposite
directions.
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