Class Definition for Class 33 - GEOMETRICAL INSTRUMENTS

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CLASS 33,	GEOMETRICAL INSTRUMENTS
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class provides for means for determining the characteristics and the mutual relation of points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids, considered as having no properties but those arising from extension and difference of situation. It includes mechanically guided means for describing lines. Processes or methods are classified in the appropriate subclasses with instruments unless specifically provided for by a process subclass. For the most part specific subclasses are not provided for compound instruments; but an invention comprising matter classifiable in more than one specific subclass is placed in the subclass having the lowest number and cross-referenced into the subclass or subclasses having the higher number or numbers.

(1) Note. This class includes the combination of recording means with significant measuring structures of the type provided for in this class.

(2) Note. The following matter is excluded: The measurement of fluent material. Instruments falling in this class in combination with check-controlled means or in combination with a series of signals exceeding two. Observation instruments in which the principle of operation depends upon diverting light. Means for guiding or stopping tools other than scribers. Means for automatically assorting objects. Means connected with a device classifiable elsewhere to automatically indicate the relative position of movable parts of said device. (This does not refer to means connected with a device classifiable elsewhere to indicate the position of said device with relation to other things not a part of the device).

SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

7,	Compound Tools, subclass 150 for hand saws combined with straight edges, levels, etc., to be used as gauges, try squares, etc.
34,	Drying and Gas or Vapor Contact With Solids, subclass 89.2 for the combination of a straightedge with a blotter.
73,	Measuring and Testing, appropriate subclass for combinations of geometrical instruments with other characters of measuring and testing devices.
84,	Music, subclasses 461+ for devices for recording the movement of keys of a keyboard.
194,	Check-Actuated Control Mechanisms, appropriate subclasses for instruments of the type found in this class in combination with check-controlled means for restricting their use.
338,	Electrical Resistors, subclasses 13+ for electrical resistors whose resistance value is responsive to a condition or with a condition sensing actuator, no structure being claimed such as a meter for indicating the resistance value. See also section XVI of the class definitions of Class 338.
340,	Communications: Electrical, subclasses 870.01+ for telemetric means per se comprising electrical transmitting means in combination with means designed to be located at a distance having a movable indicator electrically controlled by the transmitter but not limited to any particular instrument. The combinations of telemetric signaling means with measuring means of the type provided for in Class 33 are in Class 33.
346,	Recorders, appropriate subclasses for recorders, per se.
356,	Optics: Measuring and Testing, for optical angle, distance, alignment, or configuration determining or measuring instruments, or other mensuration or fiducial instruments. See sections III and V of the Class 356 definitions for the particular measuring instruments found in Classes 33 and 356.
374,	Thermal Measuring and Testing, subclasses 6+ for determining a distance or position by measuring a related thermal quantity.

SUBCLASSES

1	MISCELLANEOUS:
	This subclass is indented under the class definition. Inventions falling not provided for in the following subclasses.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 2]

APPAREL:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter for ascertaining the size and shape of clothing for the human body and for laying out the work from the data obtained.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

18+,	for devices which may be used in scribing the outlines of patterns.
175+,	for devices adapted to be adjusted to conform to a portion of the body and retain the form of that portion of the body when removed therefrom.
178+,	when the dimension desired is one of circular size only.
572,	and 662, for devices for marking the position of buttons and buttonholes.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

223,	Apparel Apparatus, subclasses 66+ for forms upon which garments may be fitted.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 3]

Footwear:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter relating to footwear.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

36,	Boots, Shoes, and Leggings, subclass 8.4 , for fitting shoes.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 4]

Laying out:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Means employed in laying out footwear.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

650,	for gauges for marking the location of buttons and buttonholes for shoes.

5	Patterns:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 4. Means having shapes corresponding to the desired shape of the portion of the footwear being laid out.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 6]

Processes:

This subclass is indented under subclass 3. Methods employed in taking measurements for or in laying out footwear.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

17,	for methods employed in taking measurements for or in laying out apparel other than footwear.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 7]

Leveling features:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Instruments for ascertaining garment dimensions having level or plumb attachments.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

365+,

for level or plumb structure, per se.

8	Standing supported:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Instruments having a portion adapted to rest on a support other than the body being fitted.

9	Skirts:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 8. Stand-supported instruments for ascertaining the dimensions of skirts. Usually gauges for marking the bottom of the skirt.

10	Platform:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 9. Devices having platforms upon which the person being fitted stands.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 11]

Laying out:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Means employed in laying out the garment on the cloth. Tailors’ squares, unless especially designed for taking measurements from the body are considered laying out instruments and are classifiable here.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

403+,

for square and bevel and ruler structure generally.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 12]

Patterns and charts:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Means having shapes or outlines corresponding to the desired shape of the portion of the garment being designed. Also includes fabrics having pattern lines placed thereon.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

11,	and 16, for curves and rules of various shapes which conform in part to the portion of the garment being laid out, but which are intended to be moved about from one side to another and not intended to correspond in shape to the entire portion under consideration.

13	Perforated:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices having perforated outlines through which the garment may be marked on the fabric.

14	Adjustable:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 12. Devices having relatively adjustable parts.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 15]

Conforming:

This subclass is indented under subclass 14. Devices adjustable by being placed upon the person and caused to conform thereto.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

512+,

for gauges which will retain a shape corresponding to the shape of the object when removed therefrom.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 16]

Adjustable:

This subclass is indented under subclass 11. Means adapted for laying out the garment, which have relatively adjustable parts.

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14+,	for adjustable patterns and charts.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 17]

Processes:

This subclass is indented under subclass 2. Subject matter comprising methods employed in taking measurements for and laying out apparel.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6,	for analogous methods involving footwear.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 18.1]

18.1

SCRIBER:

This subclass is indented under the class definition. Subject matter comprising mechanically guided relatively traveling means for describing a line.

(1) Note. The "means for describing a line" generally includes a scribing member.

(2) Note. The scribing member may scratch, score, engrave, ink, pencil or mark by other means.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

574+,

and 666+, for devices having marking points, but in which no special means is provided for permitting travel of the point or in which both points are not designed for drawing lines.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclasses 164.9+ for hand manipulable devices for marking by means of cutting and subclass 310 for sweep cutters.
65,	Glass Manufacturing, subclasses 174+ for a glassworking apparatus combined with a mechanical cutter, scorer or scriber; see the "Search Notes" thereunder.
83,	Cutting, subclasses 861+ for devices for cutting other than completely through work thicknesswise.
84,	Music, subclasses 461+ for devices for recording the movement of keys of a keyboard.
144,	Woodworking, subclass 42 for a woodworking machine which scores a board and slices it, and subclasses 136.1+ for a machine for longitudinally scoring and corrugating a wood surface.
172,	Earth Working, subclasses 126+ for a means for making a guide line in the earth combined with some other earth working means and see other appropriate subclasses for means for making a furrow in the earth.
266,	Metallurgical Apparatus, subclasses 48+ for devices for cutting metal by means of a blow torch.
346,	Recorders, appropriate subclasses for machine responsive recorders.
409,	Gear Cutting, Milling or Planing, subclasses 288+ for devices in which a cutting tool is rigidly set, so that it may not yield to the inequalities of the work surface, or in which the tool is given a relative travel in close-lying consecutive lines over the work and caused to produce solid effects by cutting during a portion of its travel only.
413,	Sheet Metal Container, Making, subclass 55 for devices for making weakened lines in cans.
493,	Manufacturing Container or Tube From Paper; or Other Manufacturing From a Sheet or Web, subclasses 59+ for machines which cut and score box blanks and machines which either cut or score such blanks and are especially designed for use in the manufacture of paper boxes.

18.2	Writing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line produces script.

18.3	Perspective drawing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line generates an oblique three-dimensional drawing from plan and elevational drafting views.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 19.1]

19.1

Graduating:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter for scribing scale divisions on dials, rules and the like.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

409,	Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing, subclasses 221+ for an indexing device for a milling machine.

19.2	Straightline:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks along a linear path.

19.3	Circular:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 19.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks along a round path.

20.1	Sight-line controlled:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the movement of a scribing member is controlled by sighting means between the eyes of an observer and distant point.

20.2	Course tracking:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein an observer, moving to a fixed distant point, establishes at various points in his movement a line of sight through the sighting means to the distant point to note with the scribing member points in the path of the observer to the distant point.

20.3	Perspective view tracing:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein the sighting means moving about a distant scene causes movement of the scribing member to duplicate the distant scene.

20.4	Stereoscopic mapping:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 20.1. Subject matter wherein the sighting means views two stereoscopic images to control the scribing member.

21.1	Curved surface:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line marks a surface that is not planar.

21.2	Spherical:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface marked is a three-dimensional round surface or a portion of such a round surface.

21.3	Pipe junction:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface is a first tube marked to show the intersection outline of a second tube on the surface of the first tube.

21.4	Tumbler engraving:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 21.1. Subject matter wherein the surface marked is a drinking glass.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 22]

Pantographic:

This subclass is indented under subclass 21. Devices employing a pantographic movement.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

23+,	for other pantographic scribers.

23.01

Pantographic:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter which includes a tracing member designed to be grasped by hand and moved as desired and a scribing member so connected with the tracing member that movement of the tracing member causes a similar movement to be transmitted to the scribing member.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

22,	for pantographic scribers for curved surfaces.
41.1+,	for parallel line hand scribing gages comprising merely a bar having a guiding or tracing member at one end and a scribing member at the other where the entire instrument moves bodily.

23.02	Single beam:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member are supported by the same elongated lever.

23.03	Superposed carriages:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes plural movable supports each movable on a different transverse direction in a different plane.

23.04	Sliding pivot:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a guideway and a pin that frictionally contacts and follows the guideway.

23.05

Opposite replica:

This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the scribing member produces an opposite curve to the curve traced by the tracing member.

(1) Note. A symmetrical pattern may be traced by tracing one half of the pattern to produce an opposite half and the remaining half of the pattern is traced to produce the other negative half.

23.06

Plural reproduction:

This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes plural scribing members connected at the same time to the tracing member.

(1) Note. Devices that duplicate a hand written signature are here.

23.07	Pattern grading:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the scribing member produces a copy of an outline traced by the tracing member which is one of a group of copies which differ from each other not in configuration but the width of the outline.

23.08	Pattern follower:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes an outline and the tracing member contacts and moves around the outline to cause the scribing member to reproduce the outline.

23.09	Human form:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member contacts the surface of a person and causes the scribing member to copy the same surface.

23.1	Telautograph:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member are each connected to a separate means for describing a line remote from each other.

23.11	Template and stylus details:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter which includes a (A) pattern, (B) a tracer member or (C) a scribing member when claimed in more than name only.

24.1	Multiplane:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member move over different planes.

24.2	Pendulum:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Subject matter wherein the tracing or the scribing member is mounted on a member pivoted at one end to move in an arc.

24.3	Coaxial styli:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1. Subject matter wherein the tracing member and the scribing member have a common axis.

25.1	Parallelogram type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 23.01. Subject matter in which the connection between the tracing and the scribing members comprises four bars pivoted together in substantially the form of a parallelogram.

25.2	Simple parallelogram:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein the connection between the tracing and the scribing members is only four pivoted bars forming the parallelogram linkage.

25.3	Universally parallel bar:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein a parallel bar of the linkage, the tracer member or the scribing member has movement in addition to the motion caused by the parallelogram pentographic linkage.

25.4	Progressive lettering:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter which includes structure to serially contact the tracing member with plurality of symbol patterns used in printing or writing.

25.5	Tandem pantographs:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 25.1. Subject matter wherein there are serial parallelogram linkage forming the connection between the tracing member and the scribing member.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 26]

Compound curved and straight-line:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18. Devices having means designed for producing curved lines and also means designed for producing straight lines.

(1) Note. Patents are not crossed referenced from this subclass to subclass 27 or 32.

27.01

Curved line:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line is designed for producing a line which is not straight.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

26,	for a device describing both straight and curved lines.
558.01,	for pivoted opposed contact distance measurers including dividers.
810+,	for beam-trammal type distance measurers.

27.02	Compass:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a pivot member and a scribing member rotating about the pivot member with a constant radius.

27.03	Beam type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.02. Subject matter wherein a bar connects the pivot member to the scribing member.

27.031

With scoring means:

This subclass is indented under subclass 27.02. Subject matter wherein the marking point is a member that scratches a surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30,	Cutlery, subclasses 164.9+ for hand manipulatable device for working by means of cutting.

27.032	Including scale:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.031. Subject matter wherein the compass has a member with indicia for setting the compass to a desired measurement.

27.033	With screw adjustment means:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.031. Subject matter having a rotatable threaded member for moving the pivoted member.

27.04	Circle forming frame support:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes structure to support a circle scribing device at its pivot point.

27.05	Circle forming roller:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes two circular members having different diameters joined by a connecting member to have their centers on a common axis and a scribing member supported by the connecting member.

27.06	Circle forming pin and jointed arm:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes two movably connected members having a point at the intersection of the two members used to mark a point on a circle when each member at the same time touches a point on the circle.

27.07	Circle forming rotating table:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a movable support turning about an axis coacting with the means for describing a line to form a circle.

27.08	Conic section:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter wherein the curved line is produced by the intersection of a plane with a right circular cone and is not provided for elsewhere.

27.09	Spiral:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a scribing member continuously circling about a point always increasing in size in a plane.

27.1	Sine curve:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a scribing member moving in a path wherein each point in the path has a "y" coordinate equal to the sine of the angle corresponding to the same point.

27.11	Rose engine:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes a device to cause a scribing member to move in the shape of a rosette.

27.12	Pattern follower:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter which includes an outline and a tracing member which contacts and moves around the outline to cause a scribing member to produce a curved line.

28	Lens:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Devices designed for describing the outlines of lenses.

29	Stair:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 27. Devices designed for laying out stair curves.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 30.1]

30.1

Ellipsograph:

This subclass is indented under subclass 27.01. Subject matter wherein the curve has a major and a minor axis with two foci on the major axis so that the sum of the distances from each focus to a point on the curve is equal to the length of the major axis.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

27.01+,

for nonelliptical curve scribers in which the scribing member is guided around a curved pattern which may or may not be elliptical in form.

30.2	Pivoted circular pattern:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.01. Subject matter which includes a round outline turnable to fixed positions about its diameter and a tracing member which contacts and moves about the outline at a fixed position to cause a scriber member to move in the shape of an ellipse.

30.3	Pattern follower:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter which includes a shaped outline and a tracing member which contacts and moves about the outline to cause a scriber member to move in the shape of an ellipse.

30.4	Harmonic component:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter which includes two transverse motion devices connected to the scribing member wherein at least one of the devices is adjustable to vary the length of the minor axis of the ellipse being scribed.

30.5	Flexible cord type:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a string having each string end held to a different focus point on the ellipse to be drawn and scribing member contacts the cord when taut at various positions to form points on the ellipse.

30.6	Sliding leg:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes an axis and a member movable in the direction of the axis and simultaneously movable about the axis.

30.7	Planetary scriber arm:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30.1. Subject matter wherein the means for describing a line includes a scribing member on a radius that moves about a first circle while simultaneously moving about a second circle so that the scribing member forms an elliptical motion.

31	Right-angle guides:
	This subclass is indented under subclass 30. Devices comprising two guides at right angles to each other and a scribing member having means to engage the guides.

[List of Patents for class 33 subclass 32.1]

32.1

Straight-line:

This subclass is indented under subclass 18.1. Subject matter designed for producing (a) a line wherein any two points on the line have the same slope or (b) a figure composed entirely of straight lines.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

26,	for straight and curved lines.
403+,	for a straight edge.

32.2	Portable:
	This subclass is indented under subcl